October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31089 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE STATE ROUTE TO HIGH research consortium called Microelectronics tiona! concern as public schools and better TECHNOLOGY: NO EASY ROAD and Computers Corporation . The roads. Typically, however, state programs consortium hired a former deputy head of recognize that economic development is the Central Intelligence Agency, Admiral linked to technology and that technology in HON. MARILYN LLOYD Bobby Inman, to run MCC, and the admiral turn builds upon scientific research, public OF TENNESSEE set out to find a permanent home for his education, and the investment of capital. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new company. Why should states be involved in all this? Admiral Inman and his associates toured In part because they have unique capabili­ Tuesday, October 9, 1984 the country like an imperial court as mayors ties that flow from a longstanding relation­ e Mrs. LLOYD. Mr. Speaker, the dis­ and governors extolled the virtues of their ship with education. Elementary and sec­ tinguished Governor of Arizona, the respective sites and offered up such tangible ondary education is a state and local respon­ Honorable Bruce Babbitt, has au­ inducements as real estate, research facili­ sibility. State universities have long been thored a thoughtful article, "The ties, and endowed professorships. When the the center of agricultural research, and in bidding finally peaked with an unbeatable recent years they have expanded into medi­ States and the Reindustrialization of offer from Texas, Inman had secured a mul­ cine, computers, electronics, bioengineering, America," which appeared in the fall timillion dollar package, including thirty materials science, and other fields. State 1984 "Issues in Science and Technolo­ million dollars in faculty endowments at the economic development planning, the in­ gy." Governor Babbitt has served as University of Texas in Austin, thirty-seven volvement of states in budgeting university the chairman of the Western Gover­ million dollars in equipment and operating research, and the demand of the private nors' Policy Office and the Nuclear expenses, twenty acres of land a nominal sector for university excellence have made it Safety Oversight Committee. He is an rent in the Balcomes Research Park, twenty possible to build close connections between author of several books and has writ­ million dollars worth of office space, subsi­ university research and economic develop­ ten a most valuable article which out­ dized home mortgages for MCC employees, ment and job creation. a petty cash fund of a half-million dollars Recent changes in the American economy lines the problems and opportunities for country club initiation fees and other have enhanced the role of state and local for the Federal Government and the services, and a Lear jet with two pilots avail­ governments in formulating industrial States in the massive effort to achieve able at all times. Some sixty mayors and policy. In past decades, technology had a "the reindustrialization of America." twenty-seven governors complained about centralizing impact. Only massive multina­ Governor Babbitt notes the critical the unfair advantage of Texas oil money tional corporations joined with big labor need to nurture technology from the and promised their constituents a better and big government to dominate our eco­ laboratory bench through the applied showing next time. nomic life. Washington and Wall Street research stage on the way to product The great MCC bidding war marks a spe­ made economic policy, and governors and development by noting, "[tlhe fruits cial chapter in American industrial history. state legislators contented themselves with State and local governments across the placing ads in the Wall Street Journal offer­ of university research and develop­ country have discovered scientific research ing tax breaks and discount real estate to ment activity has little economic value and technological innovation as the prime any company willing to locate a branch fa­ unless they are systematically harvest­ force for economic growth and job creation. cility. ed in the marketplace." And local officials have also uncovered a The microelectronics revolution is now ex­ While realizing the necessity for broad base of public interest that can be erting an opposite, decentralizing force in growing industry /university ties in re­ translated into support for aggressive action the American economy. Big growth in the search, he notes that it is not without programs. With the exception, perhaps, of technology sector is coming from hundreds problems: "[tlhe emerging university­ the post!Sputnik era, such grassroots enthu­ of new companies that did not even exist a siasm for science and technology had not few years ago. From Massachusetts to Cali­ business ties raise subtle issues of aca­ been seen since the Gilded Age of the nine­ fornia, software companies in backyard ga­ demic freedom, proprietary restric­ teenth century, when communities vied to rages are taking root and moving into the tions on the dissemination of informa­ finance the transcontinental railroads. national market overnight. The near mythi­ tion, and patent and royalty rights." This renewed public interest in industrial cal story of Steven Jobs and Apple Comput­ He also comments on the rapidly innovation and technological progress is er inspires dissatisfied and restless corpo­ achieved national consensus on up­ rooted, in some measure, in the sharp eco­ rate engineers to think about starting their grading the quality of our schools and nomic recession and increase in unemploy­ own businesses. our teachers: "[tlougher academic ment that began in 1980. It is a product of The process of decentralization has also Japanese competition and of a growing been accelerated by the liberation of indus­ standards and objective performance awareness that helping new, small business­ try from the constraints of geography. A requirements, with greater emphasis es creates more jobs than trying to lure circuit manufacturer or software company, on math and science, are now the rule giant smokestack industries. There is a real­ with a high value added product and insig­ across the Nation." ization that technology-the application of nificant transportation costs, no longer Governor Babbitt also recognizes the scientific knowledge-is the basis for eco­ needs a deep-water port or proximity to coal fact that the lure of high technology nomic expansion and diversification, the fields and steel mills. The new technology may be somewhat illusory and sug­ key to the formation of new business, and enterprise is free to locate anywhere its gests an alternative: "[tlhere should the competitive survival of old ones. This is founders wish to go. very much a grassroots phenomenon, devel­ The technology-driven decentralization of be more attention to using electronic oping and taking shape through independ­ the American economy and the dominant technology to upgrade and revive tra­ ent efforts in thousands of communities, role of small business in job crreation were ditional regional industries." hundreds of universities, and fifty state leg­ confirmed in 1979 by a landmark study un­ I hope that this article will catalyze islatures. dertaken by David Birch of the Massachu­ more thoughtful debate on the ques­ Across the country, governors have ap­ setts Institute of Technology. Based on a tion of this country's high technology pointed public commissions to examine the computerized analysis of six million busi­ future and help to dispel the prevail­ role of state and local government in eco­ nesses in the United States, Birch concluded ing misperception that the path of nomic revitalization and to make recommen­ that small businesses (those with fewer dations for stimulating economic growth. In than twenty employees) generated two­ many States to such a future is easy or some states, the recommendations of these thirds of all new jobs. Here were shared even necessarily desirable: commissions amount to a state industrial data reaffirming the diversity and decen­ Two years ago ten American high technol­ policy, a comprehensive plan addressing all tralization of the American economy. The ogy companies, including Control Data, aspects of governmental performance in­ Birch study conveyed a strong message that Honeywell, Lockheed, Motorola, Sperry, and cluding taxation, expenditures, regulatory state and local policies could be the crucial NCR, stepped forward to meet the Japanese policy, infrastructure development, and edu­ factor in the use of science and technology challenge for supremacy in supercomputer cation. Other states have proceeded more to create and sustain new companies and development by pooling resources to form a cautiously, emphasizing such areas of tradi- new jobs.

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor.

31-059 o-87-26 (Pt. 22) 31090 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 Nearly every state has increased its sup­ ship, and a supportive university adminis­ Egyptian cotton led to the Pima cotton that port for university-based research and de­ tration. The availability of venture capital became Arizona's major farm crop. velopment. In the West, state legislatures, and professional management skills is also The Morrill Act also provided a unique lobbied by both businessmen and academics, important. Most universities have little American model for transferring university have come to understand the crucial role notion of the potential commercial success­ research to economic production. The that Stanford University played in provid­ es languishing in their research laborato­ county extension agent spread the benefits ing the ideas, research, and scientific and ries. To stimulate university interest, a few of research to farmers and their families engineering talent that produced Silicon years ago Control Data Corporation devised through extension bulletins, demonstration Valley. In the East, Harvard and MIT did a program called "Quest for Technology." programs, personal advice, and 4-H clubs. the same for the high-tech companies that For a negotiated fee, including royalty par­ Today's research parks and incubator pro­ flourished along Route 128. ticipation, Control Data arranged with sev­ grams are attempting to do the same for A few years ago, in Arizona, a group of eral universities to conduct systematic anal­ modem technology. companies that included Motorola, Sperry, yses of all on-campus research to assess the The technology revolution has also re­ and Garrett banded together and offered prospects for commercialization. vived public interest in education. A century matching grants to induce the state legisla­ These emerging university-business ties ago, most Americans worked on farms. Pro­ ture to fund a fifty million dollar microelec­ raise subtle issues of academic freedom, pro­ ductivity required a strong back and McGuf­ tronics and engineering center at Arizona prietary restrictions on the dissemination of fey's reader was sufficient education for State University. This year, the Arizona leg­ information, patent and royalty rights, and most. Fifty years ago, most Americans islature, recognizing the potential of bio­ other issues. But such problems are being worked in assembly lines and other industri~ technology and medical science, established resolved as they arise. The skeptics who al jobs that required basic literacy and some a statewide commission, modeled after the warn against greater cooperation might apprenticeship training. By the end of this National Science Foundation, to provide recall the origins of one of America's great­ century, however, vast numbers of Ameri­ three million dollars a year in grants for est universities. Back in 1865, leaders of the cans will be working in information and medical research in the treatment of cancer emerging Boston industrial community tried technology jobs requiring solid quantitative and other diseases. to persuade Harvard to modify its rigidly skills and a measure of computer literacy as The pattern has been repeated in many classical curriculum and provide more ap­ a condition of employment. other states. Texas has committed, over and plied science and engineering. Frustrated by The relationship between economic above the MCC package, more than one an apathetic response, the civic leaders went change and education can be dramatized by hundred million dollars in added support down the Charles River and threw their comparing a couple of help-wanted ads. The for science and technology in the University support behind a more practical new institu­ following ad was run in a San Francisco of Texas system. North Carolina has budg­ tion called the Massachusetts Institute of newspaper in 1860 by the organizers of the eted forty million dollars for a multi-univer­ Technology. Pony Express: "WANTED: Young, skinny, sity microelectronic center. And Michigan A step beyond the research park is the wiry fellows, not over 18. Must be expert plans to spend more than one hundred mil­ "incubator facility" in which government, riders willing to risk death daily. Orphans lion dollars for major efforts in industrial the university, and industry join to provide preferred." technology, robotics, and molecular biology. a full spectrum of the management, techni­ The following ad for engineers appeared In most cases, these programs have been cal, professional, and marketing services in a recent edition of The Los Angeles Times: linked with increased support from industry necessary to aid in the start-up of a new "Your background should include extensive and private donors. technology enterprise. Pennsylvania, with experience with repetitivley-pulsed excimer What is noteworthy is that behind this one of the most extensive programs based lasers, with emphasis on pulsed power, fluid funding lies a new awareness that the fruits on the incubator concept, has established dynamics, and materials science aspects. An of university research and development ac­ centers in partnership with universities, in­ additional background in linear and nonlin­ tivity have little economic value unless they dustry, and organized labor. Each "Ben ear optics, electronics, and computer model­ are systematically harvested in the market­ Franklin Parternship Center" provides a ing would be helpful." place. Every student of Japanese industry one-stop cafeteria of services for the tech­ In 1960 most of those wiry young orphans knows that while basic research remains an nology entrepreneur. An aspiring business­ couldn't read or write, which made little dif­ American strength, the Japanese are much man can obtain assistance in preparing a ference because literacy never has been a re­ more successful at translating research into business plan or feasibility study, as well as quirement for riding a horse. Many of marketable products. Many state technolo­ access to employee training and capital. today's new careers are far more sophisti­ gy programs have recognized the traditional One such center in State College, Pennsyl­ cated. wall that separates the university from the vania, uses a vacant school building, ren­ Paradoxically, as the information revolu­ business community as a barrier to innova­ ovated and leased at three dollars per tion accelerated the need for an educated tion and business development; steps are square foot. Another center uses an old work force, Americans drifted into an era of being taken to eliminate the barriers and to building on the campus at Lehigh Universi­ diluted educational standards, lower build bridges of cooperation. ty together with shared space at an underu­ achievement levels, and technological pessi­ Research parks are proliferating across tilized Bethlehem Steel research center. mism. During those decades of decline, state the country. Perhaps the best known are One start-up business consists of six laid-off attitudes toward education ranged from in­ those at Stanford, Princeton, and Research photographers from Bethlehem Steel who difference to uncritical acceptance of pro­ Triangle Park in North Carolina. The Uni­ have developed a process for linking photog­ grams put forth by teacher lobbies and versity of Utah Research Park is notewor­ raphy with computer-aided design and com­ other interest groups. Happily, this era of thy because of its successful initiation in a puter-aided manufacturing techniques. An­ indifference is at an end, and the states are state without a strong tradition of high tech other new firm using incubator space and moving to reverse the seventeen-year de­ industry. The park was established in 1977 facilities developed a computer program for cline in high school achievement scores. But adjacent to the Salt Lake City campus. Uni­ storage and retrieval of newspaper archives, many governors have advanced educational versity participation was actively encour­ a process requiring use of the mainframe reform programs only to encounter opposi­ aged and produced an interesting mix of computer on the Lehigh campus. In each tion from teacher groups, taxpayer lobbies, commercial ventures. Work in the electrical case, the availability of support and busi­ and others. In many instances those gover­ engineering department gave rise to a com­ ness consulting services was essential to the nors have appealed directly to the public for puter graphics company. The biology de­ venture's success. support, usually with considerable success. partment pursued research that led to the These new programs to harness university The most basic reform is to introduce formation of a public company that uses resources to technology and business devel­ strong curriculum standards. Before 1980 plant genetics to create new strains of opment have strong roots in American his­ most states did not have minimum high native intermountain plants. And the park's tory. During the Civil War, Congress en­ school graduation requirements. It was not much-publicized artificial heart research acted the Morrill Act, creating land grant uncommon for high schools to graduate stu­ produced a medical products company that colleges with agricultural research stations. dents with as little as one year of English has expanded beyond the confines of the fa­ The agricultural experiment stations pio­ and with no math or science instruction at cility. neered research in human nutrition. They all. To be effective, a research park must have developed the hybrid com and wheat that This trend is rapidly being reversed. Arizo­ more than a prestigious location with the revolutionized agricultural production. Re­ na, Illinois, California, and other states word "university" in its address. Success search at experiment stations also aided in have all adopted minimum high school relies on a solid linkage between industry local economic development. Work at the graduation standards that require two years and university personnel working on shared University of California at Davis gave birth of math and two years of science. Connecti­ research, a carefully thought-out university to the California wine industry. In the early cut and Florida have mandated three years patent policy that encourages entrepreneur- 1900's, experimentation with varieties of of mathematics and science. Most states October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31091 now require three or four years of high time, America responded from the top down new products and procedures. While empha­ school English, and many are introducing by enacting the National Defense Education sizing technology, the corporation has also computer literacy programs at both the ele­ Act and by vastly increasing the budget of invested in such low-tech products as soup­ mentary and high school levels. the National Science Foundation. There was base concentrate. The corporation receives Uniform student achievement testing, immediate improvement, but the changes its return from royalty payments, typically once controversial, has gained widespread were not supported by sustained public in­ 5 percent of product sales. Since 1973 the acceptance. A majority of states now man­ terest and commitment. Perhaps the lack of corporation has invested eleven million dol­ date some form of statewide achievement sustained commitment was the byproduct of lars in products and received one million testing. A Florida provision requiring mini­ imposing broad reforms from the top down. four hundred thousand dollars in royalties. mum test scores for high school graduation There is reason to believe that the reforms Its biggest success has been a manufacturer has been attacked as discriminatory and has of the 1980s will be more long lasting. They of electronic key telephone systems with been temporarily deferred. Nonetheless, the are being won at the local level with persist­ 1,000 employees and more than three hun­ trend is undeniable: tougher academic ent leadership, intense debate, and wide­ dred million dollars in annual sales. standards and objective performance re­ spread public involement. The reforms are The most comprehensive state initiative quirements, with greater emphasis on math­ coming more painfully and more slowly, but to date is a Rhode Island proposal called the ematics and science, are now the rule across for precisely that reason they are likely to "Greenhouse Compact." In 1982 the gover­ the nation. be more permanent. nor of Rhode Island appointed a Strategic In recent years teacher shortages have The third area of state activity is the fi­ Development Commission to formulate a become a serious problem, particularly in nancing of new technology enterprises. plan for reviving the state's stagnating econ­ science and mathematics. Qualified math Starting up a high technology business is omy. The commission hired Ira Magaziner, and science teachers can often double their the ultimate risky adventure. Developing a a nationally known industrial policy advo­ salaries by simply crossing the street to new product typically takes several years. cate, to prepare a detailed analysis of the work for a local technology company. All The lemons ripen yearly, and the apples state's economy and to recommend action. too often this means that a football coach seem to develop more slowly. The reward In November 1983 the commission recom­ with a course in college algebra winds up as can be very high but so is the risk of failure. mended improving the business climate by the principal mathematics teacher. The typical venture will require several modifying taxation, expenditure, and regu­ Extensive efforts are underway in most million dollars up front. The entrepreneur latory polices. More significantly, the com­ states to improve teacher performance and with a new idea and no track record of pre­ mission concluded that traditional laissez­ to raise salaries. The movement to raise sal­ vious success will have a difficult time find­ faire polices were not enough. "Measures aries has been especially strong in the ing capital. The local bank is traditionally which improve the state's business climate South, which historically has lagged below not a very good budget; all too often Ameri­ will not by themselves be sufficient to turn national norms. In Arkansas, Governor Bill can bankers prefer real estate to research around the state's ·economy." the commis­ Clinton pushed through the legislature a and would rather take their risks with Penn sion reported. It then proposed to make state program of mandatory teacher testing Square and loans to Argentina. Rhode Island a testbed of industrial policy that required all Arkansas teachers, old and The banking industry, however, is begin­ ideas. new, to pass competency tests in reading, ning to change. Many banks are training The resulting proposals resemble many of writing, mathematics, and other special sub­ loan officers to deal with the special prob­ the policies being advanced at the national ject areas. The proposal was sweetened by lems of technology start-ups and are provid­ level for creation of a successor to the old an increase in the state sales tax that raised ing them with information and referral Reconstruction Finance Corporation to an additional one hundred and fifty million sources to guide risktakers to other sources invest public funds for expansion and mod­ dollars for teacher salaries. of capital. ernization of industry. The Rhode Island In Tennessee, where teachers earned an Some states have begun to consider public plan called for one hundred and thirty mil­ average of seven thousand dollars a year, 30 pension funds as a source of venture capital. lion dollars in grants and loans to expand percent below the national average, Gover­ A landmark study of California pension traditional industries, including fishing, nor Lamar Alexander has implemented a funds initiated by Governor Jerry Brown boat building, jewelry manufacturing, and plan to raise salaries by an average of 20 suggested that the multibillion dollar Cali­ tourism. It also proposed to invest ninety percent, financed by a two-penny increase in fornia pension funds, traditionally invested million dollars in new technology industries the state sales tax. in Wall Street, could be used at home to through a forty million dollar venture cap­ The Alexander pay plan is tied to a com­ stimulate technology growth. Based on this ital fund and fifty million dollars-to support prehensive merit pay scheme. Teachers will study, a number of proposals were advanced research "Greenhouses." The Greenhouses be evaluated regularly by professional com­ to utilize portions of various funds for in­ were perceived as independent nonprofit in­ mittees, and the most effective teachers will vestment in new high-tech enterprises in stitutions that would take technologies that be eligible for merit promotions that carry California. Many other states have followed were well advanced in basic research-such additional responsibility and higher pay. suit, typically earmarking 2 to 5 percent of as those involved in new clinical drugs, ro­ The merit pay concept is a major departure their funds for investment with venture botics, and thin-film materials-and acceler­ from the American public school tradition capital companies. The cumulative national ate the process of commercial development. of lock-step egalitarianism, where teacher total of these changes will add many hun­ Compared to other state efforts, the salaries are based strictly on seniority and dreds of millions of dollars of previously un­ Rhode Island proposal is heavily weighted the number of academic degrees held. Supe­ available capital for innovative new enter­ toward existing industries and somewhat rior teachers are paid exactly the same as prises. thin on support for education and basic re­ average teachers, who are paid the same as The classic source of start-up finance is search. In June the Greenhouse Compact mediocre teachers. The Tennessee plan was the private venture capital company. Ven­ was submitted to the voters in a special ref­ enacted over strong protests from teacher ture magazine's list of the 100 largest ven­ erendum. After a heated campaign, it was groups. Variants of the merit pay concept ture capital firms reveals that one-third are rejected by a four-to-one margin. State lead­ are now being implemented in California located in New York and another third in ers differ on the reasons for the overwhelm­ and several other states, and the idea is California. This uneven distribution of cap­ ing defeat. Some see it as a wholesale rejec­ spreading despite strenuous opposition. ital and the clear link between risk capital tion of the concept of industrial policy. Efforts to reinvigorate public education and technology development have caused Others label it an antitax vote or even an have been matched by renewed attention to some states to use public funds to enter di­ expression of voter concern about charges vocational education in both high schools rectly into the venture capital business. of corruption in municipal government, and community colleges. Vocational educa­ Public venture financing originated in summed up by the campaign slogan "Clean tion, which originally grew out of links with New England and the Great Lakes region in House, Then Greenhouse." the county extension service, has all too states that were heavily impacted by the It is too soon to tell whether the Rhode often lagged behind the rapidly changing economic stress of the last decade. A proto­ Island episode represents the high tide of requirements of the marketplace. Many type is the Massachusetts Technology De­ state activism. It is also still too early to states now have programs underway to velopment Corporation, established in 1979 evaluate many of the new experimental pro­ match training to the needs of the business by the Massachusetts legislature with an ap­ grams being carried out in other parts of community and to ensure that students are propriation of two million dollars. So far, the country. But it is certainly time to begin well grounded in basic literacy and compu­ the Massashusetts fund has provided ven­ posing some questions. tation skills. ture capital to more than fourteen new com­ For example, can the states carry the fi­ The last wave of educational reform cre­ panies. nancial burden of reforming public educa­ ated in the late 1950s when the first Sput­ Another example is the Connecticut Prod­ tion wihtout increased federal assistance? nik earth satellite sent a message that our uct Development Corporation, which pro­ Can fifty states subsidize expensive basic re­ science and technology was lagging. At that vides risk capital to existing companies for search without duplication of effort and in- 31092 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 efficiency? Can states, working with unions, said at that time that this legislation, ment benefits. The impact on the industry, and the financial community, en­ based on my Private Pension Reform lowest-paid workers is very serious be­ hance the processes for translating basic bill and 4 years in the making, was knowledge into practical applications for cause integration can wipe out their the marketplace? To what extent should just a first step in providing greater entire pension, leaving them totally government attempt to pick technology win­ retirement equity and old age security dependent on Social Security. ners and losers by allocating investment for all American workers-men and This legislation requires all integrat­ capital? women. ed pension plans to provide a mini­ Even at this early point, it seems clear It was my intention to introduce in mum benefit, above and beyond the that public education will emerge a strong this Congress the VIP bill-a bill to winner. Elementary and secondary educa­ substantially reform ERISA to reflect Social Security benefit. For integrated tion is a traditional state and local responsi­ the workforce realities of today and defined benefit plans this minimum bility, and the renewal of public interest the future. Because this 98th Congress would be 1.5 percent of the employee's bodes well for science and technology, our is drawing to a close and because I will compensation over a 10-year period. economic competitiveness, and our national For integrated defined contribution security. The push for higher standards and not be a Member of the 99th Congress, student performance is still gathering mo­ I have decided that rather than intro­ plans, the minimum would be 2.5 per­ mentum. The campaign for adequate sala­ duce this important legislation at the cent of compensation for all years of ries and merit pay, however, is moving more 11th hour, I would instead allow the service. slowly, trapped in a crossfire of opposition discussion to begin by laying out in PORTABILITY from taxpayer lobbies resisting additional the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the princi­ Workers may vest in several pension public expenditures and teacher organiza­ ples of the proposed VIP bill. tions opposed to merit pay. My distinguished colleague from plans during their work careers. With State university systems are also a clear Missouri, BILL CLAY, chairman of the 5-year vesting, this will become even winner. But there are questions of emphasis Labor-Management Subcommittee of more common and the accrued benefit and direction. The explosion of support for in each plan would be rather small. electronics has not been matched by sup­ the Education and Labor Committee, port for research basics-mathematics and who played such a key role in passage This bill gives workers the opportu­ the physical sciences-and there has not of the Retirement Equity Act, has as­ nity to invest these small vested bene­ been adequate consideration of the relation­ sured me this legislation will be a pri­ fits in portable pension accounts in ship between federal and state support for ority of his in the 99th Congress. order to maximize their income upon scientific research. At the federal level, the On the Senate side, the Senator retirement. National Science Foundation has been a from Massachusetts, Mr. KENNEDY, A worker who leaves employment strong force for coordination and peer review, but there are few comparable insti­ has been working with me to develop having accrued a vested benefit of tutions at the state level. the legislation and will actively pursue $7,000 or less would have the option of State initiatives to enter and manage the it in 1985. leaving it in his or her employer's pen­ risk capital market are more ambiguous. We are calling this legislation the sion plan, or withdrawing the money States are powerfully attracted to the elec­ VIP bill because vesting, integration for deposit in his or her own Portable tronic glitter of Silicon Valley, but the in­ and portability are the three areas in Pension Account. gredients of that success are not well under­ which ERISA is in the greatest need stood. Not everyone believes there is a The PPA would work like an individ­ of reform if it is to be fair to all work­ ual retirement account with two major shortage of venture capital, and some argue ers and flexible enough to accommo­ that there is already too much money chas­ differences: ing too few deals. date modern-day working patterns. Here is what the bill will do: First, only the pension rollover could Others question whether it is realistic to be deposited in this account. The replicate Silicon Valley and advocate more VESTING worker would not be allowed to add attention to the relatinship between high­ It reduces, from 10 years to 5 years, $2,000 each year. tech and low-tech, or the process of using the number of years of service a pen­ electronic technology to upgrade and revive sion plan participant must complete in Second, any withdrawal from this traditional regional industries. order to earn a 100-percent nonforfeit­ account before age 59¥2 would be pun­ Nonetheless, one overall trend seems able right to a retirement benefit. ishable with a . 100-percent penalty clear. The flurry of governmental activism excise tax. The purpose of this strict at the state and local levels amounts to an It would permit multi-employer pen­ important rebalancing of the American sion plans to retain 10-year vesting, on penalty is to assure that the money system. Justice Brandeis once characterized condition that there is complete reci­ would be used as intended-for retire­ the states as "'laboratories of democracy," procity for workers who move from ment income. suggesting that the federal government one regional pension plan to another In addition, I expect the VIP legisla­ should stay its heavy hand and learn from within the same industry. tion to call for a study of cost-of-living state experience before applying any one In a time when many industries, par­ adjustments in private pension plans model to the entire country. The best new ticularly the high tech industries, ac­ approaches to reinvigorate scientific re­ and a study of vesting rules as they search, to build new patterns of public and tually encourage workers to change relate to part-time workers. Both stud­ private cooperation, stimulate educational employment every few years; when ies would be conducted by the Secre­ reform, and promote savings and capital in­ statistics show that the median tary of Labor. vestment are beginning to bloom somewhere number of years in one job is 2.5 years Mr. Speaker, this year ERISA cele­ out in the American heartland. It is still a for women and 4 years for men; and brated its lOth anniversary. This land­ little early to pick the fruit, but we can be when the high unemployment rate confident that harvest time is not too far makes it difficult for many workers to mark legislation has significantly en­ away.e accumulate 10 years of uninterrupted hanced old age security for American service under a pension plan, this workers. The Retirement Equity Act will further assure justice for women THE RETIREMENT EQUITY ACT reform will assure that far more work­ ers receive benefits when they retire. workers and the spouses of pension plan participants. It is my hope that HON. GERALDINE A. FERRARO INTEGRATION Integration is the practice of offset­ VIP will complete our efforts to build OF NEW YORK an effective private pension system IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ting a pension plan participant's earned benefit by the amount of and that this legislation will be intro­ Tuesday, October 9, 1984 Social Security benefits the worker duced and move swiftly in the 99th eMs. FERRARO. Mr. Speaker, on will receive on retirement. Some 45 Congress.e August 9, the House gave final passage percent of medium and large plans to the Retirement Equity Act and it and almost all smaller pension plans was signed into law on August 23. I use integration in calculating retire- October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31093 WELCOME TO OUR NEWLY Levovitz, Mrs. K. Limniatis, Ms. Seema Kevin O'Connor has enthusiastically NATURALIZED AMERICANS Shahid Lodhi, Ms. Mariouse Lubin. escorted countless numbers of my con­ Mr. Shui-Wai Louis Lung, Mr. Gerald Michel Lys, Ms. Mirka Madhere, Mrs. Fark­ stituents from western North Carolina HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN handa Malik, Mr. Martin Mandlsperger, Ms. up hundreds of steps to the top of the Zehavit Avy Margalit, Mr. Derrick John Capitol Dome. Along the way he has OF NEW YORK Martin, Mr. L. Martinez, Mr. Luis Rafael provided each one of them a brief and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Martinez, Mr. Saturnin Maurice, Mr. Luke informative history lesson regarding Tuesday, October 9, 1984 Harrison Mauro, Ms. Anne Cecilia Maria this most magnificent building. The Miller, Mr. Geoffrey Sloan Miller, Mrs. C. trip has impressed some of my con­ e Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is Millingen, Miss Musarrat Perveen Moghal, with sincere pleasure that I congratu­ Mr. Jean Raymond Montilus, Ms. Sarah stituents so much that they have later late the residents of New York's 22d Neuman, Mr. Jose Manuel Noceda, Ms. written to say that it was the high­ Congressional District who have re­ Christa O'Leary, Ms. Virginia Mismonte light of their trip to Washington. cently chosen to become citizens of Ocampo, Mrs. Laura Teresie Olsen, Mrs. M. Having come to know Kevin so well the United States, with all of the privi­ Palaran, Mrs. Mayuri Parikshit Pandya, Ms. during these last 2 years I was pleased Panna Anil Parikh, Mrs. Ai Young Park, to read a recent article on his father, leges, freedoms, and responsibilities Mr. I. Parvulescu, Ms. Voica Parvulescu, Mr. that American citizenship entails. Frank O'Connor, which appeared in Raymond John Pawlyk, Ms. Marta Paz, Ms. the July 13, 1984, Dunfermline Press, Our Hudson Valley region in New Bernardita Peckham, Mrs. Agnes Pertis, Mr. York State is proud of its newest citi­ Peter Pertis, Ms. Francisca Maranan a newspaper published in Scotland. zens, and I invite my colleagues to join Pineda, Mr. Pascual Antonio Polanco, Mr. Mr. Speaker, if ever there was a Ho­ in welcoming the following newly nat­ Dominador Suriba Ponsades, Mr. R. Poole­ ratio Alger story of a man going from uralized Americans and extending to DiSalvo, Mrs. Nicolina Pupo, Ms. N. Puro­ a humble background to a rewarding them our best wishes for a happy and hit, Ms. Anna Quacquarelli, Ms. Haidee and successful career, Mr. O'Connor's prosperous life in their new homeland: Pidor Quijano, Mr. Z. Quijano, Mrs. Gloria life certainly typifies it. Born in Scot­ Ramos, Ms. Bandaru Rajani Reddy, Mr. land he came to the United States as a Mr. Antonio Abreu, Ms. Caterina Addino, Germain Gadner Remy, Mr. Camilo Roa, Mr. J. Aghamk.ar, Mr. George Praca Alco­ Mr. Efraim Roa, Jr., Mr. George Roga­ young boy who grew up fatherless but forado, Mr. Mir Wizarat Ali, Mr. Syed chevsky, Ms. Irina Rogachevsky, Mrs. with an uncommon spirit worked hard Mukhtar Ali, Mr. Soterios Andrikos, Ms. Gloria Cecilia Romano, Mr. Ricardo Daniel and rose to become a distinguished Carole Armand, Mr. Marc Armand, Ms. Car­ Romano, Mr. Nambi Salgunan. business and community leader, serv­ minia Erana Avecilla, Ms. Nursel Aydin, Mr. Raoul Salvant, Mrs. Judith Sandel, ing with the Shell Oil Co. for some 40 Mrs. Linda Yung Bae, Mr. Shimon Baum, Ms. Eugenia Francisco Santos, Ms. Eufemia years. Ms. Roselene Peggy Beauchard, Mr. Mord­ Hernandez Santos, Mr. Ludwig Schlesinger, At an age when most men retire Mr. cai Blau, Ms. Paulette Lurine Bogle, Mr. Mrs. Ludwig Schlesinger, Mrs. Ingrid Wal­ O'Connor embarked on a new career Octave Borgelin, Ms. Ginette Bossicot, Mr. traut Schulz, Ms. Catalina Schutak, Mrs. Lorenzo Boswell, Mr. Seamus Anthony Ansuya Shah, Ms. Deval Anill Shah, Ms. serving as the vice president of TK Brady, Mr. Sergio Alcadio Castillo, Ms. Kamala Shankar, Ms. Chandrakala Sharma, Valve, Ltd., owned by Mr. Henry Norma Bahia Cepeda, Mrs. Maria Cerzon, Mr. Devendra Mohan Sharma, Mr. Aron Zarow of Tulsa, OK. Calling it one of Mr. Edmar Elias Chahine, Ms. Hilda Chate­ Shtirmer, Mr. Gennady Shtirmer, Mrs. Yev­ the most fulfilling jobs of his life, Mr. lain, Mr. Jean Claude Chatelain, Mrs. genia Shtirmer, Ms. Dhaminy Singh, Mr. O'Connor took on his new responsibil­ Gloria Ray-Poo Chen, Ms. Susanne Clark, Ram Singh, Mr. Rudy Balanga Somera, Mr. ities with all the enthusiasm and vigor Ms. Chong Sin Chae Cleveland, Mr. Vicente Antonios Souris, Mrs. Antonios Souris, Miss he displayed when he joined Shell Jovanni Cueva, Mrs. N. Cunha-Leite, Mr. Ourania Souris, Ms. Athena Uranise St. some four decades ago. Together with Rodrigo Abadilla Custodio, Mr. Frantz Her­ Clair, Mrs. Rivka Leah Stein, Ms. Ruth I. cule Daniel, Mr. Eneliot Demosthene, Ms. Hsu Su, Ms. P. Sullivan, Mr. Mark Sun, Mr. Mr. Zarow they are working hard to Doris Carmela Diaz, Mrs., Gulden Dogan, Renardz Sylvain, Ms. Patty Kwan Hoo bring new industry to Scotland which Ms. Lydia Valenzuela Domingo, Mr. Evens Tang, Ms. Guillermina Tello, Mr. David will provide employment and economic Edouard, Mrs. Ching Mon Lau Eng, Mr. Moni Thomas, Ms. Jennifer Ter-Ry Ting, hope for the people of that land. Peter Kowk Gong Eng, Mr. Sun Kwong Mr. Jack Tao Ting, Mr. Giovanni Tulino, Earlier this summer at the request Eng, Ms. Annemasse Carmand Etienne, Ms. Mr. Tsuyoshi M. Tung, Ms. Maria Elsa of Mr. Zarow, Frank O'Connor once Marie Yolande Etienne, Mr. Roger Etienne, Velez, Ms. Marie Angelle Venant, Ms. Elvira again returned to Scotland to explore Mrs. Nunziata Fanelli, Ms. Marie Assephie Calinescu Vladescu, Ms. Anita Vunnam, Mr. plans for further expansion of his Felix, Ms. Marta Helena Fernandes, Ms. Ernest Newton Walker, Mrs. Breindel Wein­ Devora Feuerstein, Mrs. Margaret Ellen stock, Mr. Tai-Sheng Wong, Mrs. Yu-Fun company. It was a family affair which Field, Mr. Clarence Delvin Fields, Ms. Anna Shih Wu, Ms. Ursual Claudina Wynn, Mr. he shared with his lovely wife, Marcel, Fiorisi. Claudio Silva Xerem, Ms. Christine Choon and daughters, Deirdre and Maura. In Mrs. Evelyn Fischer, Mr. Antonio For­ Ja Yoon, Mr. Amado Ronquillo Zapanta, addition to Kevin, the O'Connor's gione, Mr. Syslin Hyacinth Francis, Ms. Ms. Galina Zhuravlev, Mr. Olavo da Cunha­ have three other sons. During the Edna Lauchengco Francisco, Mr. Leo Chor­ Leite.e course of their visit the story which I Yin Fung, Ms. Rachel Wai-Yin Fung, Mrs. referred to earlier appeared on the Ana Maria Galarza, Mr. Dinesh Chunilal front page of the Press. Ganatra, Ms. Ovenia Gaspard, Mr. Rodney AN AMERICAN SUCCESS STORY: Mr. Speaker, I would like to share Gelin, Mrs. C. Giacombe, Mrs. Yudith FRANK O'CONNOR Gluck, Mrs. Miriam Gruber, Mr. Saul Jesus this true success story of Mr. Frank Henriquez, Mr. Edwin Rufus Herman, Mr. O'Connor, a man who exemplifies the Ruben Everist Hernandez, Mr. George Julio HON. JAMES McCLURE CLARKE best of the "American Dream" and Hidalgo, Mr. Jean Benice Hippolyte, Mrs. OF NORTH CAROLINA who never forgot where he came from, Diva Hurtado, Ms. Marie Modeste Innocent, with all of my colleagues. I know they Mrs. Durupadi Jagtiani, Mr. Samuel Haiti IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will enjoy it as much as I have. Jean, Ms. S. Jean-Baptiste, Mr. Romain Tuesday, October 9, 1984 The story follows: Jean-Charles, Mr. Akasalayil Chummar John, Mr. Israel Francois Joseph, Mr. • Mr. CLARKE. Mr. Speaker, one of HOMING IN ON FuRTHER EXPANSION Eduardo Delano Josephs, Mrs. Maria Kara­ the pleasures I have had during my Although he only spent the first 12 years saridis, Mr. Nubar Karincaian, Mrs. Nubar first term in Congress is to meet the of his life in the area, Frank O'Connor has Karincaian, Mr. Yohannes Kaypaghain, Mr. many men and women who contribute never forgotten his native West Fife. Daniel Kaypaghian, Mrs. F. Kaypaghian, so much of themselves to making our And Mr. O'Connor, who left for the Mr. Simon Kaypaghian, Mrs. Mina Kim, Nation's Capital such a special place. United States with his family in 1926, has Ms. Yong Ok Kim, Mr. Amador Canda played a major role in the expansion plans Laput, Ms. Aurora Pineda Laxamana, Ms. One friend I have made during the of a firm which has become a major employ­ Hai-Ping Lee, Mrs. Kyung Ai Lee, Ms. Ock last 2 years has been a young man who er in West Fife. Kyung Lee, Ms. Lina Leibov, Mr. Mikhail works as an engineer for the Architect In the 1930's he began working with the Leibov, Mr. Robert Levi, Ms. Devorah Balla of the Capitol. Shell Oil Company in the States and, after 31094 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 40 years with them, he became Vice Presi­ KISSINGER RETHINKS VIEW ON It is not too early to begin thinking about dent of TK Valve Ltd., the industrial valve STRATEGIC DEFENSE POLICY two basic issues. The first is whether the ad­ manufacturing concern, which opened a fac­ ministration should continue to insist that tory in Dunfermline in 1975. HON. MARILYN LLOYD talks on offensive and defensive weapons be Mr. O'Connor was a regular visitor to the conducted simultaneously. Second will be Lyneburn Industrial Estate plant and, when OF TENNESSEE the question of what the U.S. position TK Valve decided to expand and were look­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should be, including whether the United States can afford to commit itself to the de­ ing for a part of the world in which to devel­ Tuesday, October 9, 1984 militarization of space at the outset of nego­ op, the Lochgelly native was to the fore in e Mrs. LLOYD. Mr. Speaker, former tiations. promoting West Fife as the site for a new Secretary of State Henry Kissinger As to the issue of linkage, a little history operation, as was managing director in Dun­ wrote an article entitled "Should We may be instructive. In 1967 President John­ fermline, Mr. Tim Tompkins. Try To Defend Against Russia's Mis­ son proposed to Prime Minister Alexei Ko­ The TK Valve board in the United States sygin that anti-ballistic missile de­ agreed, and the massive new plant at Pitrea­ siles?" which appeared in the Septem­ fenses be banned; Kosygin flatly rejected it. vie Industrial Estate is the result. ber 23, 1984 Outlook section of the President Nixon finally submitted a plan for This week, with Mr. O'Connor paying a Washington Post. Mr. Kissinger is a an American ABM to Congress in 1969. visit to West Fife, TK Valve indicated that distinguished diplomat who, besides After Congress went along with the presi­ they have plans for further expansion at serving as Secretary of State, has dent, the Soviets opened the very negotia­ their Pitreavie site. served several other administrations in tions they had rejected two years earlier. Commented Mr. Tompkins: "Mr. O'Con­ a key advisory capacity and, thus, his Now they would talk about no other sub­ nor played a major role in bringing the new perspective on the strategic defense ject, least of all offensive weapons. As late plant to West Fife. There were many meet­ initiative [SOil is a valuable one. The as three weeks before the final break­ ings and a major feasibility study was car­ article indicates that although Mr. through, the Soviets put forward what is ried out, before a decision on the Dunferm­ now the Chernenko ploy: they offered the Kissinger was initially less than en­ "concession" of talking about offensive line site was taken in preference to locations thusiastic about President Reagan's in Singapore and Australia. weapons but only after negotiations about Star Wars speech, he now believes defensive weapons had been completed. Fi­ "Mr. O'Connor fought from Dunferm­ that the "arms control theory is now line's corner and the new plant is here. Now nally in May 1971, the Soviets grudgingly at a dead end" and that "[a] break­ agreed to link the two. Today the outcome matters have gone a stage further, and through requires reductions of the is likely to be the same if the administration again Mr. O'Connor has been closely in­ holds its ground. volved. number of warheads on a scale incon­ ceivable so long as the strategic bal­ The Soviets have been vociferous about "There are still one or two rough edges to banning defensive weapons in outer space, . be smoothed over, but we intend to an­ ance depends entirely on offensive where U.S. technology is superior. They nounce further plans for expansion at the weapons." He goes on to discuss the have been ambivalent or silent about land­ Pitreavie site in the very near future." possibility of reducing the level of based defensive weapons, in which they Mr. O'Connor is delighted to see TK Valve strategic warheads to a few hundred have conducted vigorous research and continue development in the Dunfermline on both sides and outlines the ques­ appear to be constructing radars that vio­ area for which he has always had the high­ tions which must be answered to set late the spirit and almost surely the letter est regard. the stage for such reductions. I recom­ of the ABM treaty. Mr. O'Connor was in West Fife on mend the article to my colleagues as a A few facts may help the reader: a treaty Wednesday with his wife, Marcel, and valuable contribution to the debate on now limits both sides to one land-based daughters, Deirdre and Maura. The couple strategic nuclear policy which, as Mr. ABM site. The United States has unilateral­ also have four sons. This was Marcel's ly dismantled its. The Soviets have main­ Kissinger notes, has unfortunately tained theirs and spurred research on tradi­ fourth visit to Scotland but the first for the characterized "by sloganeering." girls. tional technology. The United States is Now 69-years-old, Mr. O'Connor was born The article follows: doing research aimed at a new system which in Lochgelly, one of four sons in a mining We may be witnessing the preliminaries of would destroy incoming warheads in space family, who left in 1926 for the United a Soviet peace offensive. First, we are pre­ but would also require some defensive sta­ States where father, Frank, continued life sented with the clumsily handled resurrec­ tions on the ground that catch the missiles tion of Andrei Sakharov and his wife to that get through. To deploy such a system as a mineworker. calm Western opinion. Then an American would require a renegotiation or abrogation Shortly after they had settled in their television network is given a relatively free of the ABM treaty. Pennsylvania home Mr. O'Connor senior hand to report on the Soviet scene. Next I have not yet made up my own mind on was killed in an explosion. Konstantin Chernenko releases an inter­ what position the United States should ulti­ Son Frank was to become involved in an­ view in Pravda which softens some of the mately take on that issue. I was less than other sector of the energy industry. harsher Soviet rhetoric. This is followed by enthusiastic about President Reagan's "Star He began undertaking office work with the announcement that Andrei Gromyko Wars" speech when I first read it. As one of Shell in New Jersey in 1937. He worked his would meet with President Reagan. the architects of the existing ABM treaty, I way up the ladder and became involved in Whether all of these events are connected instinctively resisted the proposition that it selling products to the United States De­ does not emerge clearly from the crablike be modified. Too, a foolproof defense of ci­ fense Department, as well as becoming an manner by which Soviet diplomacy ad­ vilian population-that seemed implied by adviser on Government legislation as it af­ vances. A steady stream of attacks on the that speech-is a mirage; even a 90 percent fected the company. United States continues. But at a minimum, effective defense would still let enough By the time he retired from Shell in 1977, the Soviets seem intent on showing a milder weapons. through to destroy an unaccept­ he had become head of their operations in face to the world. A full-scale peace cam­ able proportion of our population. Washington. paign may await the outcome of our elec­ As I reflected, that argument more and In 1978 he joined TK Valve and became tions. But there can be little doubt that its more struck me as superficial. Vice President. centerpiece, whenever it comes, will be the The nuclear age forces the statesman to During his stay in Dunfermline on demilitarization of outer space. navigate between the callousness which re­ It is also safe to predict that the Soviets duces mass slaughter to a mathematical Wednesday, Mr. O'Connor and his family will follow their almost unvarying tactic of equation of technicians and the nihilism visited the City Chambers, where he met seeking to achieve their principal objective which abdicates to totalitarianism in the Councillor David Campbell, Lochgelly, by insisting on their agenda. Thus Chernen­ name of survival. Since the ABM treaty was Chairman of the District Council Policy and ko in characteristically elliptical fashion has signed, it has become clear that to rely on a Resources Committee. put forward these propositions: strategy of mutual annihilation based on The O'Connor's also visited the Cowden­ That negotiations about defensive space unopposed offensive weapons raises pro­ heath and Lochgelly area.e weapons must precede talks dealing with of­ found and political issues. Has a president fensive weapons. the right to expose our people forever to That the United States must commit itself the vagaries of an increasing number of at the outset to demilitarization of space. volatile decision-makers? Such a course in­ That the United States must agree to a volves the near certainty of a growth in moratorium on testing weapons in space. pacifism or the risk of a holocaust as a EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31095 of miscalculation or the gradual esca­ Would such a defense be destabilizing by our side of the aisle, I have a genuine lation of peripheral crises. tempting a first strike and relying on the admiration for him as a friend and as Even granting-as I do-that a perfect de­ defense to absorb the counterblow? sented the Republican Party, faithful­ means that the attacker must plan on satu­ What in such a context would be the ap­ ly represented his constitutents and rating it. This massively complicates the at­ propriate low level of offensive forces to their Southern heritage, and wisely tacker's calculations. Anything that magni­ bring about the breakthrough toward real advised Americans on matters of de­ fies doubt inspires hesitation and adds to arms control which has eluded us for a fense. deterrence. decade? I have had the pleasure to know a The case grows stronger if one considers Or would strategic defense at any level de­ number of fine Representatives while the defense of Intercontinental Ballistic stroy all hopes for an equilibrium? serving in the U.S. Congress, but none Missile launchers. A defense of the The real debate will be joined after the civilian population would have to be nearly American election. Theoretically both su­ more diligent, more scholarly, or more 100 percent effective, while a defense that perpowers should have an interest to pre­ gentlemanly than JACK EDWARDS. My protected even 50 percent of land-based mis­ vent war by miscalculation and irresponsible best to you, JAcK, and I know you will siles and air bases would add hugely to de­ third nuclear powers from blackmailing continue your high level of service as terrence. The incentive for a first strike them with nuclear weapons. Neither side you move on to new challenges.e would be sharply, perhaps decisively, re­ can gain from seeking unilateral advantage. duced if an aggressor knew that half of the Thus a renewal of negotiations will be a opponent's ICBMs would survive any fore­ test less of ingenuity than of political matu­ seeable attack. rity. There seems general concern with the TRmUTE TO ALABAMA Then there is the problem of third nucle­ precariousness, both physical and psycho­ CONGRESSMAN JACK EDWARDS ar countries. Calculations and restraints logical, of a balance based on large unop­ that are highly plausible to advanced indus­ posed offensive systems. This article argues trial societies are not necessarily equally that some limited defense-yet to be ana­ HON. RICHARD C. SHELBY persuasive to leaders of the Qaddafi variety. lyzed-coupled with a revolutionary ap­ OF ALABAMA Although a foolproof civilian defense proach to reduction of offensive forces by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES against a superpower is difficult to conceive agreement may advance us toward the elu­ of, substantially complete defense against sive goal of stability. It remains to be seen Wednesday, October 3, 1984 third nuclear countries could be possible whether domestically we can overcome e Mr. SHELBY. Mr. Speaker, it is my well into the next century. debate by sloganeering and internationally privilege to join my colleagues today Perhaps the most compelling argument is whether the superpowers can move the in tribute to the distinguished Con­ the possible beneficial effect of some missile quest for peace from polemics to a joint en­ defense on arms control. Arms control terprise.e gressman from Alabama's First Con­ theory is now at a dead end; the stalemate gressional District, the Honorable in negotiations reflects an impasse in JACK EDwARDS, on the occasion of his thought. The reductions proposed by the TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE retirement from the U.S. Congress. Reagan administration would add little to JACK EDWARDS JACK's departure will be a significant stability; the freeze which is its alternative loss for the House of Representatives. would perpetuate what needs correction. HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN He is a man of many achievements, A breakthrough requires reductions of the abilities, and interests. More impor­ numbers of warheads on a scale inconceiv­ OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tant, he has been a man of selfless able so long as the strategic balance de­ service to the people of Alabama and pends entirely on offensive weapons. Wednesday, October 3, 1984 Under present conditions the reductions the Nation during his 20-year tenure that can be verified are relatively small. • Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, I would in Congress. They are either dangerous because they like to take this opportunity to pay He combines all of the qualities that simplify an attacker's calculations, or they tribute to my good friend and col­ a good legislator should have, such as are irrelevant because they leave large resid­ league, JACK EDWARDS. He Will be sin­ honesty, respect, dedication, skill, ual numbers of warheads. cerely missed in the House of Repre­ background, knowledge, and a willing­ If, however, the strategic warheads of sentatives, and I want to congratulate ness to apply himself to the task at both sides were reduced to a few hundred-a number astronomically below any so far en­ him on the outstanding job he has hand. visaged-the side capable of hiding even a done during his 20 years in the House. In these troubled times, the House thousand warheads might be able to disarm The tremendous work he has accom­ of Representatives has had to deal its opponent by a surprise attack or black­ plished in serving his constituents and with many issues of grave concern to mail him into submission when the clandes­ our Nation is a shining example for our country. These have involved na­ tine weapons are revealed. But with a prop­ others to follow, and his efforts will be tional defense, fiscal soundness, adher­ erly designed defense, much larger numbers long remembered. His record shows ence to constitutional principles and would be needed for a strategically decisive great dedication and ability, and it has to our system of private enterprise. evasion, and those numbers could be detect­ been a privilege for me to serve with ed. JACK EDWARDS could always be count­ I consider these arguments compelling him in this legislative body. ed upon to be on the side of his coun­ with respect to three propositions: JAcK is known as a man who can get try on these important and crucial We should not commit ourselves at this things done, not only in the First Dis­ issues. His work has made a great con­ point to the demilitarization of space. trict of Alabama, but throughout this tribution to all legislation, but particu­ We should proceed actively with research great country. In his position on the larly legislation dealing with our na­ and development and forgo moratoria. Committee on Appropriations, he has tional defense. We should be prepared to negotiate over come to be respected as an authority JACK has served on the House Ap­ arms control of all defensive weapons. Before committing ourselves to actual de­ on defense appropriations. He was propriations Committee for 16 years, ployment, an answer to the following ques­ among the first to express and address where he has been the third ranking tions is needed: the problem of combat readiness, and Republican. On the defense subcom­ Is it possible to design a ballistic missile among the most dedicated of those mittee, he has been the senior Repub­ defense that is primarily useful for the de­ who favored fair value for every dollar lican since 1975; and he has served on fense of a retaliatory forces or against mav­ spent in the Nation's defense budget. the Transportation Subcommittee for erick third nuclear countries? My distinguished friend and I share 14 years. If such a limited defense were to become many similarities: We are both Repub­ Within various appropriations bills part of an arms control agreement, how would the limitation be expressed and veri­ licans, we are both Members of the through the years, JACK has been in­ fied? House Republican leadership, and we strumental in funding the Theodore Could we avoid loopholes for further ex­ are both from Southern States. Channel, a valuable asset to the Port pansion to a full-scale defense? Having worked so closely with JACK on of Mobile; the Tennessee-Tombigbee, 31096 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1981, Alabama-Coosa, and Warrior-Tombig­ collar keeps his head from slumping onto the election in D'Amato's favor. Holtzman bee Waterway projects; and a new his chest. A portable respirator pumps life finished a close second, Javits a distant through a hole in his throat and into his third. Federal office building in downtown lungs. A nurse feeds him clear soup through Now, there seem to be 1,001 subjects he Mobile-just to mention a few of his a straw, a solicitious aide sets a piece of cor­ would rather discuss than Alfonse D' Amato. efforts locally and throughout the respondence before him for his inspection "I haven't examined his Senate career State. and approval. with any particularity.'' Javits says. "He is a Through his efforts on his defense The afternoon light in the Javits Room of conservative. He's followed what he told the subcommittee, JACK backed foreign the library is a bit weary and wan and so is voters he would do. I have no comment on policies and military programs de­ the senator. Javits was a fiery orator in his it. He hasn't done anything that particular­ signed to promote the U.S. interna­ 24 years in the senate, one born to the soap­ ly excites me. If he runs again, and I'm still tional interests and enhance the Na­ boxes of political New York and, in his alive, I'll see what I'll do.'' prime, a match for the likes of Hubert Hum­ But if he had won, could Javits have tion's security. phrey. The accent is still that familiar blend served? I want JACK to know and to always of Lower East Side edge and Senate elan, "Absolutely," he says, "I told the people I remember that I have enjoyed our as­ but the phrases last just a short breath. would and, considering the schedule I've sociation and labors together. Our re­ After each bundle of words, Javits waits for kept up, I've certainly shown it to be the lations have always been most amiable the respirator to fill him with the strength case. and pleasant. It has been a privilege to to speak: "I would have been chairman of the Com­ work with him as we tried to serve our "I was an active man, strong and in close mittee on Foreign Relations. I had unbeliev­ country and our Alabama constituen­ touch with the world. Illness, you never able seniority for a New Yorker. I had a cy. My very best wishes are certainly think of those things. You just go on for great opportunity to be of influence with years, working, taking life for granted. My senators of my own party and with the extended to JACK and his lovely wife, illness is considered terminal. I had to think Democrats. And justly so. I never let them Jolane, for their continued happiness about what to do, what it means. And I de­ down. When I told them I'd do something, I when they return to private life.e cided I had to keep on as long as I could." did it. Javits still has the same clear and restless "I served a very useful role in the Senate mind that distinguished his years in the and I felt it was my duty to the people of A HERO FOR OUR TIME Senate. Lou Gehrig's disease, or amyotro­ New York, who had brought me to such a phic lateral sclerosis, is a devastating condi­ high position, not to fire myself. There was HON. JACK KEMP tion. Because of his illness, it takes Javits no reason for it. But the campaign against OF NEW YORK nearly three hours to prepare for the day, me, the exploitation of my age and health IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but what he does with the remaining hours combined with the appeal of the right wing is extraordinary. of the Republican Party was obviously more Tuesday, October 9, 1984 He has given commencement addresses than I could handle.'' e Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, Jack and testifed before congressional commit­ His wife, Marion, puts in this way: "For all Javits is a giant among men. His con­ tees. He is in regular contact with his col­ his [health problems], my husband certain­ leagues and may soon write a book about his ly would have done a better job than the tributions to this Nation during his 24 illness. This week Javits has been in Wash­ man that replaced him. I know you'll think years as Senator from New York are ington to help celebrate the lOth anniversa­ I'm biased, but I believe the world is starv­ without parallel. He left a legislative ry of one of his many achievements in the ing for men like [Javitsl. He would have legacy on issues ranging from pension Senate, the Employes Retirement Income functioned almost as well during his illness security and education for the handi­ Security Act. as he did before . . . I spoke to Senator capped to foreign affairs and support This late-summer day a week ago on Long McGovern recently, and told him, 'George, for peace that will continue to shape Island is also typically vigorous. Already he's still working like he's in the Senate. the debate on these issues for genera­ Javits has reviewed portions of his pape.::s, The only difference is, he can't vote.'" which he is collecting for the library of the Throughout his Senate career Javits and tions to come, as well as provide State University of New York at Stony his wife lived quite distinct lives. His devo­ untold benefits to millions of Ameri­ Brook, given a 90-minute speecli on foreign tion to the Senate was primary and consum­ cans and millions of New Yorkers. policy before an audience of 250 students, ing. As a liberal Republican, Javits was But Jack Javits has given us much held a news conference and appeared at a deeply involved in creating the Legal Serv­ more than the fruits of his legislative reception. ices Corp., the War Powers Act, the Com­ genius. He is courageously living with "I had to take a boxing course when I was prehensive Employment and Training Act an illness that would leave a lesser in­ a student and the instructor told me to put and educational funding for both the gifted up my hands. The next thing I knew I was and mentally handicapped. He was a key dividual without hope, and in doing so on my behind. He told me, 'There, that's supporter of Israel, the arts and the bailout has provided us all with a lesson in the first lesson. Hit them from where you of New York during the city's financial life. Jack Javits said: are.' And that's what I'm doing. I'm sick. crisis in the mid-'70s. . . . my own philosophy is that you don't Maybe I won't live much longer, but I'm hit­ Marion Javits found Washington life in­ belong only to yourself. You have an obliga­ ting 'em from where I am. I'm not giving up tolerable and rarely spent time in the cap­ tion to the society which protected you a thing.'' ital. Though friends say their marriage has when you were brought into the world, "Absolutely." been complicated and even tempestuous at which taught you, which supported you and Jacob Javits knows the question is coming, times, Richard Clurman, a writer and one of nurtured you. You have an obligation to and when he answers, his voice lifts and Javits' closest friends, says, "Marion is doing repay it. blue eyes sparkle. He is absolutely sure, he her loving, martial duty as well as anyone Mr. Speaker, Jack Javits has repaid says, that he could be an effective senator could now." now if he had the chance. Although both he "My husband has never really had a per­ this debt a thousand times over. I com­ and the public knew he was sick, Javits ran sonal life. And I was the one that always got mend the following article to my col­ for a fifth term in 1980. After losing the Re­ blamed for it," Marion Javits says. "But his leagues' attention and thank him for publican nomination to his right-wing chal­ public spiritedness is total for him. It's just his friendship, his counsel and most of lenger, Alfonse D'Amato, Javits campaigned like other people regard their families or va­ all his tremendous example to all of under the Liberal Party banner. D'Amato cations. He wants us to be there for him, us: did not hesitate to mention Javits' age and but it was never first for him. He chose that [From the Washington Post, Sept. 14, 19841 illness, and the supporters of Democrat Eliz­ public life and that has always prevailed. abeth Holtzman wanted him to bolt the race The personal doesn't rank with the public. THE PuBLIC TwiLIGHT OF JACOB JAVITS and leave the liberal constituencies undivid­ It never has. There's no use complaining LIVING WITH INFIRMITY BUT NEVER LETTING UP ed. now, but it's not easy to live with when Javits had once been an avid tennis you're another kind of person.'' STONY BROOK, NY.-Jacob Koppel Javits player, but now he could offer only mental Jacob Javits nearly died two years ago. He sits in a wheelchair behind his old Senate vigor to his job. "The people of New York was brought from Florida to Bethesda, desk, 80-year-old public man. will have to decide if they want a tennis where he was treated for severe respiratory A form of Lou Gehrig's disease has left player or a brain," he said at the time. The problems. his body a husk. He cannot lift a hand to electorate was unconvinced, and the formu­ "When he was in Bethesda, he was sign his name or greet a visitor. A stiff la of one conservative and two liberals cast hooked up to all sorts of machines and res- October 9, 1981,. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31097 pirators," says a friend who asks not to be people they affect. And I'm sure, too, it's a very different candidate for the Republi- identified. "He was out of it. We thought it ego. It's a glorious feeling any time you cans." was the end. There was even discussion of have the power to persuade people toward a "These things come in cycles," Javits says. pulling the plug. And Marion started to justifiable purpose." "I've seen it all my life." laugh and cry at the same time. I remember When he was a boy, Javits learned a The room is getting darker and Jacob she said, 'What a time to fall in love with lesson about justifiable purposes from his Javits' words are now almost pure breath. him.'" father. Morris Javits had been a Talmudic Javits once told an aid, "I am more than a Those who come now to Stony Brook or scholar in the Ukraine but was forced to Manhattan to meet Javits typically expect work endless hours as a janitor on the senator. I am an institution." The remark to find a man whose mind is as wasted as his Lower East Side. To make a few extra dol­ was neither humble nor false. body. They are prepared to honor him and lars, Morris bought votes for the Tammany "I meant that I'd established an institu­ patronize him, to pay homage to him before machine at $2 apiece. tional character," Jacob Javits says the end he dies. Javits will not allow it. He immedi­ The Democratic Party in New York in of a long, long day. "What I stood for was ately commands his listener's attention and 1932 was the party of Tammany Hall and institutional in the sense that probably my respect. Jimmy Walker and corruption. Javits greatest ambition was the prestige, the ca­ "It's the most valiant dying I've ever turned to a steady diet of progressive poli­ pability, the authority of a senator. Mike seen," says Clurman. "I remember he made tics as a youth-even supporting the Social­ Mansfield coined the term, 'a Senate man.' me feel foolish once. I'd made plans to visit ists for a time-and so it seemed logical for He was one. I believe I was another.''e him but I had to call and say that my back him to join the party of reform and Fiorello was bothering me and I couldn't make it. He La Guardia. Javits joined a Republican club said, 'No problem, I'll come to you.' And he on Third Avenue and 72nd Street and has TRIBUTE TO BARBER CONABLE did. He's acquired a scope and grandeur. resisted entreaties to switch parties ever He's put his accomplishments into a very since, even as he has become that increas­ human frame of intelligence and courage." ingly rare political animal-the liberal Re­ HON. WIWAM F. CUNGER, JR. "He is as sharp as he's ever been," says publican. John Trubin, Javits' law partner and closest "I never can forget that my party's basic OF PENNSYLVANIA confidant. "He's always been a driven roots are in equality," he says. "I am, in phi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES person and he's still got that fire in him. His losophy and ideology, a liberal. As Lincoln thing is living.'' said, government should do for the people Tuesday, October 9, 1984 Javits has always been relentlessly public what they cannot do, or do as well, for e Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, my and he has found a new cause in his infirmi­ themselves.... When people like John great admiration of BARBER CONABLE is ty. "Jack looks at his own illness from a dis­ Lindsay and Wayne Morse switched to the tance," says Clurman. "It's as if it were Democrats, I thought about it and had dis­ rooted in the respect that I and all somebody else and he had to think about it cussions about it, but I never really consid­ Members of this body have for him as on a political scale." ered it too seriously." a brilliant thinker and legislator. The Several months ago, Javits was a patient In 1964, Javits supported Nelson Rockefel­ keenness of his logic and the clarity of at New York Hospital. At the hospital's ler for the presidency, but when Barry his vision have led us to do better weekly medical conference, the patient lec­ Goldwater won the Republican nomination, work. tured 150 doctors, Javits said the most im­ Javits could not support the party ticket. portant thing in his life is to "keep my brain But he says he will vote for Ronald Reagan No· one in this House has greater in order and functioning . . . This is the es­ this year. His public explanation is vague, knowledge of the Tax Code and how sence of life. perhaps deliberately so. Those close to him changes will affect Americans than "If there is anything I can leave with you say that Javits is unenthusiastic about both BARBER. In the field of financing, par­ in terms of the treatment of patients with a presidential candidates, but regards himself ticularly, he has guided us to making terminal illness, it is this: We are all termi­ a "party man." Javits clearly feels he can be nal-we all die sometime-so why should a most useful as a critic-from-within. In his more sound and equitable laws. He has terminal illness be different from terminal speech at the university earlier in the day, used his position as ranking Republi­ life? There is no difference." he supported the nuclear freeze movement can on the Ways and Means Commit­ Javits' impulse to think in terms of legisla­ and a nonmilitary approach to the conflicts tee to advance crucial legislation, in­ tion has waned very little since leaving the in El Salvador and Nicaragua. cluding the tax proposal at the begin­ Senate, and he urged the doctors to help de­ "I've never been inhibited about criticizing ning of the current administration, velop a test "to enable us to determine so­ presidents before," he says, "and I won't cially who should live and who should die." hesitate now." Tax Code reforms, Social Security sol­ He spent much of the summer thinking Javits did not go to Dallas this summer, vency. revenue sharing, long-term care about that "test" and how its principal ba­ but he did watch the Republican convention for the elderly, and financing of char­ rometer should be the individual's mind. If on television. He found his wing of the ities. He has been at the vanguard of that is gone, says Javits, then there is a party in eclipse, if only temporarily. There the fight for a balanced budget question whether that life should be sus­ was Sen. Lowell Weicker of Connecticut bat­ amendment. His loss will be sorely felt tained. tling the Rev. Jerry Falwell and the evan­ "The more I thought about such a test, gelical right wing, but few liberals and fewer in the coming battle. the more I believe it has worth for serious liberal mavericks could be heard above the His value as a legislator, however. consideration," he says. "You must remem­ nearly unanimous voice of the conservative goes beyond the quality of the legisla­ ber, my own philosphy is that you don't movement. tion he has promoted. He has been in­ belong to yourself. You have an obligation "The progressive wing of the party must strumental in elevating the integrity to the society which protected you when be represented," Javits says. "I'll do all I can of every Member with whom he has you were brought into the world, which to help develop the ideas and the leadership taught you, which supported you and nur­ to help that along. come in contact, a fact demonstrated tured you. You have an obligation to repay "But right now there is a big middle-class by the great number of gentlemen it." revolution going on. It still commands the from the other side of the aisle who Those closest to Jacob Javits are not sur­ majority and has Reagan way ahead in the are paying him tribute. I cannot think prised by the way he has led his "retire­ polls. The revolt was against what was con­ of anyone who has been more central ment." His autobiography, published three sidered to be inadequately monitored or in moving bipartisan legislation than years ago, was given the title "Javits: The evaluated welfare programs and entitle­ Autobiography of a Public Man," and the ments. The theory is that those who were BARBER CONABLE. He is truly the Con­ last chapter of his life will not do anything enjoying the entitlements were doing so ·gressman's Congressman, as evidenced to alter its appropriateness fraudulently. And the ones paying the bills by the accolades he has inspired. The "It was poverty that made me this way," weren't getting what they wanted. people of New York and the people of says Javits, the son of Jewish immigrants "The whole thesis has been dressed up in the United States will miss his contri­ from eastern Europe. "Poverty made me see patriotism and more military strength. I the importance of a public life. It's also feel the premise is untrue. Yes, there was butions in the House of Representa­ talent. I could always speak and get people undoubtedly some waste and fraud and tives.• to listen. It's a certain gregarious quality. probably more experimentation than the You like a crowd and you evaluate your public was interested in . . . But this revolu­ deeds in terms of their worth and how many tion won't extend in 1988. I think you'll see 31098 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1981,. THE 67TH ANNIVERSARY OF CONGRESS OF RUSSIAN-AMERICANS, INC., WhO has WOrked to provide optimum THE BOLSHEVIK REVOLU­ Nyack, NY, October 1984. public safety for this community. TION-A DAY OF SORROW AND A DAY oF SoRRow AND IRREcoNciLABILITY- Sgt. Earl K. Bell of the Washington, IRRECONCILABILITY 1984 DC, Metropolitan Police Department As we approach November the 7th, the has earned the highest respect and day when the Soviet Union annually cele- esteem from his superiors, fellow offi­ HON. MARIO BIAGGI brates international communism's arroga- cers and District of Columbia resi­ OF NEW YORK tion of power in Russia, we-Russian-Ameri- dents. Throughout his 14 years of cans-appeal to the U.S. Government and to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES freedom-loving citizens of this country to service on the DC Police Department, Tuesday, October 9, 1984 designate it as a Day of Sorrow and Irrecon- he has exhibited integrity, courage, cilability. compassion, and personal commit- e Mr. BlAGG!. Mr. Speaker, Novem­ Sadly, albeit fittingly, among all the ment. His choice of a career in law en­ ber 7 of this year will mark the 67th ethnic groups making up the tapestry of forcement was based on his conviction anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolu­ these United States of America, only the and sincerity of purpose in combatting tion in Russia. At this time, I would Russian-Americans persist in annually asking their Government and their fellow crime, protecting the citizens of the like to recognize this day as one of Americans to observe this inglorious day. District, and giving something back to sorrow and irreconcilability with com­ Russian-Americans feel it is their sacred his community. munism. duty to mark with mourning and defiance On March 14 of this year, Sergeant Since they seized power in 1917, the the day international communism claimed Bell was seriously injured in an auto­ Soviets have oppressed and enslaved their former countrymen as its first victim. mobile accident, which left him para­ not only the Russian people but the Thus, they honor their brothers living lyzed from the waist down. He will people throughout Eastern Europe. under the Soviet rule. on this day we express our Sorrow for all need extensive medical treatment, These people continue to live under the victims of the communist terror, and speech and physical therapy. It is for the brutality and inhumanity of our Irreconcilability with the theory and this reason that the members of the Soviet tyranny. November 7, 1917, also practice of communist doctrine. Mount Airy Baptist Church and marked the beginning of Soviet-spon­ Moreover, let us not forget that November others in our community will hold a sored aggression and terrorism ~· 1917 marked not only the beginning. of fundraiser in his honor. We are appre­ throughout the world. This unbridled unmeasurable sufferings for the Russi!ID · ciative of the many contributions Ser­ agression continues to manifest itself and other enslaved peoJ?les of the SoVIet geant Bell has made to this communi- throughout the world-most notably Union, but also the beginning of a global . . . human tragedy which today endangers the ty and t~s tribute will afford. us the in Afghanistan and throughout East­ existence of the Free World. Utilizing the opporturuty to express our gratitude. ern Europe where even the most basic threat of a nuclear war, the Soviets have Sgt. Earl K. Bell has given unselfish­ of human rights are routinely and cal­ gradually taken over key strategic positions ly of himself and has upheld the high­ lously violated. in all parts of the world. Today there hardly est standards of a public safety officer. The list of innocent victims of a nation o~ t~e .face of the eartl_l that has Mr. Speaker, 1 join the people of Soviet-sponsored aggression is endless. ~ot been VIctl.mlZed by commumst aggres- Washington, DC, in recognizing the The savage downing of the Korean Air SIOn. tst d' 1 f bli • Therefore, we ask the Government of the ou an ~g ~xamp e o PU c service Liner and continued Soviet support of United States and all other Free World gov- that we fmd m Sergeant Bell.e Communist terrorism in Central ernments to designate November the 7th as America gravely threaten the peace a Day of Sorrow and Irreconcilability. and stability of the free world. Over the past 67 years the Soviet govern- REMARKS OF CONNECTICUT SU- By recognizing the 67th anniversary ment has spared no effort in trying to strip PREME COURT CHIEF JUSTICE of the Communist takeover in Russia the Russian nation of its heritage. Despite JOHN A. SPEZIALE as a day of sorrow and irreconcilability the desecration and destruction of over with communism, we commemorate 50,000 churches and monasteries, the perse­ cution and extermination of millions of HON. BRUCE A. MORRISON and mourn all those who have per­ people in concentration camps and prisons, ished at the hands of Soviet aggres­ we witness today in the Soviet Union a re­ OF CONNECTICUT sion and violations of human rights. It vival of faith and awakening of national IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES also displays our solidarity with, and pride. The determination of the Russian unbending support for, all those still people to live free blazes as never before. Tuesday, October 9, 1984 living under the yoke of Communist Perhaps the Russian soul, having nurtured e Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. tyranny who seek freedom and self-de­ its people through their long, barren winter Mr. Speaker, I would like to share termination. From Ukraine, to Estonia of oppression, senses at last spring's hymm of freedom yearning to be sung. How more with my colleagues the remarks of the to Latvia, to the Russian Republic can we honor our brothers than by lending distinguished Chief Justice of the itself, the cry for freedom and human voices to this chorus? For by proclaiming Connecticut Supreme Court, the Hon­ rights must never be ignored. To this day of Sorrow and Irreconcilability, we orable John A. Speziale, at the annual remain silent in the face of such gross intone "Let There Be Light" and indeed for Columbus Day celebration in New violations of human rights would be all those who hear our voices in their dark­ Haven, CT. an even greater crime against human­ ness there is light! Chief Justice Speziale, who has ity. BoARD OF DIRECTORS, served the people of Connecticut for The history of communism, as prac­ CONGRESS OF RUSSIAN AMERICANS •• 36 years in many capacities, will retire tices by the Soviet Union, is one of op­ from the supreme court next month. pression, enslavement, and disregard A TRffiUTE TO SERGEANT EARL He has been an outstanding jurist for human rights. Unfortunately, this K. BELL with a career dedicated to improving legacy persists, and in our recognition the administration of Connecticut's of this grim anniversary, we must ex­ HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY court system. He has been an inspira­ press, without equivocation, our irrec­ OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA tion to many, and I know he will con­ oncilability with communism and our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tinue to serve our State for many undying resolve to defend the rights years to come in the private practice and liberty of free peoples throughout Tuesday, October 9, 1984 of law. I consider it a great privilege to the world. e Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, on have appeared before him as an attor­ At this time, Mr. Speaker, I insert Saturday, October 5, 1984, many of ney and to have worked together with into the REcoRD the following state­ the residents of the District of Colum­ him as a Member of Congress toward ment made by the Congress of Rus­ bia will come together in testimony to achieving our shared goals, including sian-Americans: a dedicated law enforcement officer passage of the State Justice Institute October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31099 Act which passed the House today as within the boundaries of our state, and and its history, can doubt that we are all part of H.R. 6163. without, to the countless numbers of our blessed. Look around you, and you can see Chief Justice's Speziale's remarks, I heritage who have succeeded. For example: everywhere the signs of our nation's great­ believe, capture the spirit of Columbus We can point to our many elected and dis­ ness and glory. tinguished public officials, and prominent I am confident that the "Great American Day-the aspiration, the dedication to citizens, well-represented tonight by the in Experiment" will continue to survive its hard work, the pride achievement, presence of our esteemed Lieutenant Gover­ tests, and that it is fulfilling its destiny as which have been especially character­ nor, Joseph Fauliso; the embodiment of "one nation, under God, istic of the Italian-American communi­ We can point to my colleague-the indi­ with liberty and justice for all." We must ty and which really represent what vidual who honored me by his introduction continue to strive to give our people govern­ this country is all about. I am honored this evening-Judge Robert Zampano, for ment that is responsive and caring; and, to share it with my colleagues. his exemplary service; he was the first-and both capable and willing to deliver essential The remarks follow: I Inight emphasize, the only-individual of services to its people. I believe that we must Italian heritage ever appoihted to the feder­ continue to reach out toward the fulfill­ REMARKS BY HON. JOHN A. SPEZIALE­ al bench in Connecticut; COLUMBUS DAY DINNER ment of the principles of Jefferson, Jack­ We can point to the Mayor of this great son, and Lincoln, and all of our forefathers, The themes of Columbus Day are many. city, Mayor Biagio DiLieto, who several for we will then have fulfilled the dreams There is much that can be said about our years ago led the effort which raised a half which our ancestors carried with them from nation, our heritage, the spirit of explora­ million dollars to help rebuild the earth­ Italy. My entire career in public service has tion and the joy of discovery. quake ravaged town of Avellino, Italy, and been devoted to the attainment of these But, if I may beg your indulgence a few who, here at home, is the personification of principles. moments, I would like to begin with a quo­ the new, vibrant, growing New Haven. For some time, however, my wife and I tation from a time before our country was We can point to the strong, yet compas­ have seriously considered the possibility born, even before Columbus set sail. It is sionate leadership of our late, beloved Gov­ that the time may have come for me to one of the most often-quoted passages from ernor, Ella T. Grasso, the first woman gov­ retire as Chief Justice of the Supreme the Bible. From Ecclesiastes: ernor ever elected in her own right; Court and to return to the private sector. "To every thing there is a season," it says, We can point with pride to the brilliance Since 1978, I have worked long and hard "and a time for every purpose under and the scholarly genius of A. Bartlett Gia­ Heaven. A time to be born; and a time to matti, President of Yale University; to implement the court unification and die. A time to plant; and a time to reap." We can point to the achievement of Gov. other innovations in our judiciary. The This passage is important to me, because Mario Cuomo of New York, and his elo­ many pressures which were associated with as many of you may know, I announced a quence at the Democratic National Conven­ those efforts were offset by the satisfaction few weeks ago that the time has come for tion; that our accomplishments were having a me to harvest the plant sown almost a quar­ Putting aside partisan politics, we can constructive impact upon our judicial ter of a century ago, when I left the practice point with pride as a nation, and as people system. of law to become a judge. That plant, first who are proud of their heritage, that today, On November 21, I will become 62 years of sown with my appointment to the then at long last, an American of Italian heritage age. Retirement, for me, is out of the ques­ Court of Common Pleas, has grown to its is seeking the second highest office in our tion because it is no secret that I am a work­ fullest-it can grow no more-yet there is nation; and that she is the first woman to be aholic. However, it has become apparent to still time to sow, and sow I must. As the nominated by a major party; me that while I am still young enough, and poet, Robert Browning, wrote: "A man's And, I join you this evening with pardona­ healthy enough to continue, the time has reach should exceed his grasp." And, if we ble pride and a deep sense of hulnility, as come to do other things where the pressures who celebrate Columbus Day commemorate the "first Chief Justice of Italian heritage and responsibilities are not as demanding; anything on this occasion, it is human in Connecticut history." It is a "pride" born and I may finally fuliill my desire to be able daring, the quest for achievement, the will­ in the realization that all of our hard-work­ to better enjoy both my family and the ingness to reach out from where we are and ing, dedicated judges of Italian heritage world around me. to grab on to what beckons us. have made significant contributions not Therefore, after much soul-searching and For me, the beckoning dream has always only to our judicial system, but also to their long discussions with my wife and family, I been the law. community. It is a "hulnility" based on the am resigning my position of Chief Justice of I do not use the word "dream" lightly. I knowledge that if it were not for the sacri­ the Supreme Court, effective November 21, can remember my youth, when a young girl fices of our falnilies and the trust of our 1984, to return to the private sector and the laughed with ridicule at my dream of be­ friends, we would not have had the opportu­ active practice of law. coming a lawyer because I had patches on nity to achieve as we have. We have come a Although I will be leaving the public the knees and seat of my pants. long way, but there remains a long way to sector, I plan to remain active as a private I can remember the long nights when I at­ go. citizen in all aspects of the legal profession, tended Duke University and the Duke Law For example, it was recently reported in which I love and respect so much. I plan to School, studying so hard and also using the the New York Post that the President of a continue my lifelong efforts to fight for im­ musical talents which God gave me to help huge household supply sales company told a provements in the administration of justice pay not only for tuition and books, but also Washington convention that in a certain for all of the people of this great state. for food. And all the while, I would be won­ mid-west town they still refer to people of This decision to accept anew and exciting dering whether I would be able to afford an­ Italian heritage as "wops." Questioned later challenge has not been an easy one. But I other year of education. In fact, my mother by the Post, this executive was quoted as look back upon my career in public service even took a job in a factory to help provide saying that the word was "not at all offen­ with satisfaction and a strong sense of ac­ the money for my schooling. sive" because it referred to Italian immi­ complishment. For most of my adult life, I We did have those dreams. The dream to grants who came to this country "without have served in the legislative, executive, and be educated. The dream to succeed. My papers." He added, "They ought to take the judicial branches of state government. dream was to become a lawyer; perhaps, word with pride.... Out our way, you have For the last quarter of a century, I have someday, even a judge. All of us here to­ fun with a guy and you call him a wop and worked in a wide range of judicial capac­ night can remember similar dreams, and he'll call you something else." ities: as a Judge of the Court of Common those days in which they were dreamt. We Now, really, is that something to brag Pleas, Superior Court Judge, Chief Judge of knew that if we persevered, we would suc­ about? the Superior Court, Presiding Judge of the ceed. But what bothers me even more is that Appellate Session, Justice of the Supreme We persisted. here in the State of Connecticut, today, the Court, Chief Court Administrator, and since We persevered. question is still being asked "whether there 1981, Chief Justice. During that period, We succeeded; are too many people with Italian surnames every aspect of my life has been devoted to But the struggle goes on. being hired in certain judicial districts." my judicial responsibilities. I believe I have Life today is no less a perilous journey This is clearly an attempt to influence and done it all, and it is time to move on. than that faced by Columbus nearly 500 exploit possible ethnic prejudices. Three years ago, when I took the oath of years ago because, as all of you know, we So, it is apparent that the battle is not all office as Chief Justice, I said that, "for me, Americans of Italian heritage have experi­ won; the fight not over. But I do have faith the American Dream has indeed become a enced the prejudices and the biases. We that not only will our entire nation prevail, reality." That is as true now as it was then. have seen the doors close, the eyes turn but also we will continue to succeed as an I shall be forever grateful for the honor and away. We have seen and heard the huddled ethnic group within that nation. For no one trust which was placed in me in all of these whispers. But today, we can point both who knows this country, its people, its land, judicial positions, which afforded me the 31100 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 opportunity to serve the people of our Lord. When the last scene flashed before NHS: A FORCE REVITALIZING State. him, he looked back at the footprints and KANSAS CITY'S NEIGHBOR- We who are of Italian heritage have long noticed that many times along the path HOODS prided ourselves on the strong family unit there was only one set of footprints in the which we have emphasized and nurtured in sand. He also noticed that this happened our homes down througp the years. We during the lowest and saddest times in his HON. ALAN WHEAT learned at an early age that success required life. This really bothered him, and he ques­ discipline, dedication, perseverance, and tioned the Lord. "Lord, you said that once I OF MISSOURI hard work. I'm sure you agree that these decided to follow you, you would walk all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES qualities were ingrained in us by our parents the way with me, but I noticed during the Tuesday, October 9, 1984 and families, and that they were the ones most troublesome times of my life there was who provided us the spiritual and emotional only one set of footprints. I don't under­ e Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, I take guidance to bring about this strong fainily stand why! When I needed you most, you this opportunity to bring to the atten­ unit. Their financial sacrifices afforded us deserted me." The Lord replied, "My pre­ tion of my colleagues a program that the opportunity to receive the education cious, precious child, I love you and would is helping to revitalize neighborhoods and training that ultimately led to our ac­ never leave you. During your times of trial complishments. I, for one, have been espe­ in Kansas City and throughout the and suffering when there was only one set Nation. cially fortunate because throughout my pro­ of footprints in the sand, it was then that I fessional life I have received the strong sup­ carried you in my arms.''e Mr. Speaker, too many of our cities port of a women whom I have known and have troubled neighborhoods: Areas loved since we were childhood sweethearts with deteriorated housing, an eroding in the eighth grade. I would like to take this TRIBUTE TO BARBER CONABLE tax base, and the social ills that ac­ opportunity to introduce to you my wife, company economic decline. Those who Mary, and to publicly thank her for all she has done for me and our two children, and suffer most from these conditions­ for all she has meant and will always mean HON. MARTY RUSSO lower income minorities, single par­ to us. OF ILLINOIS ents, the elderly and the disadvan­ I mentioned before that the last three taged-often feel helpless to improve years have been for me the fulfillment of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their environment. Many of them gave the American Dream and that this was true Wednesday, October 3, 1984 up long ago. Yet today in Kansas City now, even though I am resigning my posi­ e Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, the Con­ and in 136 other American cities, a tion. This may seem difficult for some to very special program is helping the understand. gress of the United States throughout But, I believe that "to fail to dream" is "to its history has been served by many residents themselves turn around die in spirit." My decision to move on to talented citizens of the country, and these neighborhoods. other challenges in no way reflects on my sometimes individuals possessing un­ This program is called Neighbor­ respect and love for this office, but rather is usual insight and greatness have hood Housing Services [NHSl. Each because of my firm belief that "America is a NHS is a local, nonprofit, privately land of opportunity" where we should con­ passed through the Halls of the Cap­ supported partnership of residents, tinue to dream and to see those dreams ful­ itol, leaving behind a rich legacy for business leaders and local government filled. The United States has afforded not the people of America. BARBER CoN­ officials. The commitment of public only Americans of Italian heritage the op­ ABLE is just such an individual. portunity to grow and become fulfilled, but Throughout his life, Representative and private sector leaders to work as also has provided the same opportunities to CONABLE has demonstrated his capac­ partners and share responsibility for a host of other nationalities, races, and reli­ ity to succeed and to accomplish. He neighborhood improvement creates a gions. Since the very inception of this renewed sense of pride and optimism nation, countless individuals of diverse back­ has an impressive educational back­ among residents. Together, each NHS grounds looked to the United States for a ground. He has served this Nation in partnership builds bridges of coopera­ better life for themselves and their children. battle and in the legislative arena. He tion and understanding between the Waves of immigrants came to these shores. has raised a family and always cared private and public sectors at the same They, in tum, contributed to the fabri~ of about the people he has served. In time that it upgrades the physical, American culture, and eventually received short, he is a man with the rare capac­ recognition for their particular gift. I am social, and economic elements of the ity to live a full life, be an outstanding neighborhood. certain that those of you here this evening citizen and contribute to the common who are not of Italian ancestry, including The improvement that NHS is able my wife, Mary, who is of Hungarian ances­ good. to achieve is remarkable. Deteriorated try, you, too, can look back upon your ori­ Serving with Representative CoN­ homes are repaired and brought up to gins and point with justifiable pride to ac­ ABLE on the Ways and Means Commit­ housing code standards. Abandoned complishments of past and present genera­ tee has been both a professional and buildings are rehabilitated and new tions. In what other nation could this personal pleasure for me. He has been owners found for them. Vacant lots merger of nationalities, races, and religions a most impressive legislator there and blossom into neighborhood miniparks live together as one? In what other nation a strong, nonpartisan voice to whom I could we rely so faithfully on the precepts or become the sites for new homes-in that we have God-given rights to life, liber­ was always comfortable to turn to for many instances, the first new con­ ty, and the pursuit of happiness. advice. He has never sought partisan struction in the neighborhood for dec­ Throughout my entire life-in all my en­ advantage but always legislated with ades. Neglected streets are repaired deavors-! have always prayed to God to the interest of the country in mind. and crumbling curbs and sidewalks are give me the compassion and understanding, Possessing great integrity, he is surely replaced. Many NHS partnerships de­ the humility and wisdom, and the strength one of the most honorable men it has velop special improvement and beauti­ and courage to carry out properly my duties been my pleasure to know, as well as fication projects-free or low-cost and responsibilities. No one who has done being one of the most intelligent men what I have done and seen what I have seen house paint, neighborhood clean-up can fail to look to Almighty God in Thanks­ in the Congress. His ability to compre­ days, crime prevention programs, giving. hend the complexities of the Tax Code energy conservation assistance, and I would like to conclude with a story, has been an inspiration and a chal­ neighborhood block parties. Through which some of you may have heard, which lenge to us all. NHS revitilization efforts, once declin­ is as true for me as it is for you-and it was Knowledgeable, hardworking and ing areas are now becoming neighbor­ also true in the days of Columbus. dedicated, we will miss him. He has hoods of choice. One night a man had a dream. He served his State and his Nation with dreamed he was walking along the beach Mr. Speaker, in Kansas City, NHS is with the Lord. Across the sky flashed scenes distinction, and I join with my col­ celebrating its lOth anniversary and from his like. During these scenes he noted leagues in commending him for his has been referred to as the "spear­ two sets of footprints in the sand. One set fine work and wishing him all the head" for a remarkable resurgence in belonged to him and one set belonged to the best.e the appearance and value of some of October 9, 1981, EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31101 the older neighborhoods in our city. It is important to note that in contrast is believed imininent. The pact would One current NHS effort includes turn­ to its repeated calls for full democracy commit signatories to renounce violence in ing a vacant school building into a 47- in Nicaragua, the State Department the struggle against Pinochet and to cooper­ unit apartment complex for elderly has remained silent on the restoration ate in a transitional government after his and handicapped tenants. of democracy in Chile. If we are sin­ ouster. The NHS is also working in partner­ cere in our efforts to promote democ­ Calling the agreement a "guarantee [of] ship with 13 insurance companies to racy in this hemisphere, we must civilized coexistence among Chileans," make major improvements in the apply a single standard not only to Sharpe said in a Sept. 26 interview: "This governments opposed to our policies, pact must include the fundamental ele­ neighborhoods. In addition to provid­ ments of a democratic institutionality, re­ ing increased availability of insurance but to our friends as well, even if they spect for human rights, and the bases of the coverage, the companies are helping are the kind of rightwing dictatorships country's economic structure, thus opening the NHS organize block clubs, provide favored by this administration. the way for a peaceful and orderly transi­ loans to encourage absentee owners to An article which appeared in a tion towards full democracy." The Move­ renovate neighborhood properties, and recent issue of the Council on Hemi­ ment of the Revolutionary Left . com­ carry out landscape projects to im­ spheric Affairs' Washington Report on mitted to armed struggle against the prove the neighborhoods' appearance. the Hemisphere, by staff researcher regime, is not a party to the negotiations. Working with the NHS here in John Tweedy, outlines recent events The possibility of the unification pact is Kansas City is Neighborhood Housing in Chile. This article provides a broad good news for Chile's labor unions, which Services of America [NHSAl, a pri­ overview of the efforts to achieve for some time have maintained the most vate, nonprofit organization created to unity among the various opposition solid and unified opposition to Pinochet, work in concert with NHS to expand groups of differing ideologies. I recom­ and which also have borne the brunt of re­ mend the article to the attention of all pression. Outlawed in 1979 from organizing the private sector base of support of beyond the plant level, the unions have the local NHS partnerships. In par­ my colleagues who share an interest in seeing democracy returned to Chile in moved beyond demands centering around ticular, NHSA provides a national working conditions to a comprehensive po­ "secondary market" for the revolving an expeditious manner: litical agenda. loan funds of the local NHS organiza­ CHILE PARTIES NEAR COALITION PACT In May 1983, five major unions-including tions. A key factor in the success of the NHS programs is that all home­ Research Associate> and the leftist National Union Coordinator owners may participate in fixing up A ground-breaking cooperation agree­ -joined to form the CNT which, their homes, even those who do not ment, bridging differences between Chile's under the dynamic leadership of copper qualify for home repair loans from major centrist and leftist parties and sup­ workers president Rodolfo Segue!, has conventional lending sources. For ported by unions and the Catholic Church; become a major actor on the political scene. now appears on the verge of consummation. Seguel, jailed several times over the last 18 them, each NHS has a revolving loan The pact would end 11 years of partisan fund from which they can borrow at bickering and demoralization within the op­ months, was beaten so badly during the interest rates and terms that meet position, presenting a united front to the September demonstrations that he had to their individual abilities to repay. dictatorship of Gen. Augusto Pinchot. be taken to a medical station on a stretcher. The political parties' move towards unity, The Sept. 4 shooting of Jarlan by govern­ In light of its success here in Kansas ment forces brought church-government re­ City and nationally, NHS has been one of several in recent years, came in part as a result of a rare Aug. 7 interview Pino­ lations to a new low as well. The local Arch­ strongly endorsed by leaders in both chet gave Edward Schumacher of the New diocese filed a criminal complaint over the the public and private sectors, includ­ York Times, in which he rejected opposition murder, and Santiago Archbishop Juan ing President Reagan and former demands for a return to democracy in ad­ Francisco Fresno termed the incident "a Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter. vance of his 1989 timetable. shame for our country." Jarlan's funeral at Mr. Speaker, I joined with more Prior to the interview, negotiations had the Metropolitan Cathedral Sept. 6 drew than half the Members of Congress to been underway between Interior Minister over 10,000 mourners. cosponsor legislation making the week Sergio Onofre Jarpa and the Christian Democratic-led Democratic Alliance . GOVERNMENT FRICTION of October 7, 1984, "National Neigh­ over precisely that issue. The AD was seek­ There are signs that Pinochet's new hard borhood Housing Services Week." This ing a congressional ballot in 1986. line is causing friction within the govern­ proclamation will enable the Nation as These negotiations had riven deep divi­ ment itself. Interior Minister Jarpa was at­ a whole, and the business community sions between center and left opposition tending a conference in Ecuador, where he in particular, an opportunity to recog­ groups, because they envisioned excluding stated that the government did in fact have nize the progress the Neighborhood the Communist Party-still a potent politi­ plans to speed up the election timetable, Housing Services programs have made cal force in Chile-from the elections. But when Pinochet's Times interview was pub­ in recent years in reversing the decline with publication of the Times interview, in lished. According to persistent rumors, re­ which Pinochet characterized opposition portedly confirmed by the Archbishop's of America's neighborhoods. But the leaders as "caballeros who have been unem­ challenge remains-to expand current ployed for the past 11 years and want to office, Jarpa was so angered that he ten­ dered his resignation to Pinochet, who re­ efforts so that every ~eighborhood in return to power and their privileges," and need, in Kansas City and elsewhere, is said that he had no confidence in "orthodox fused to accept it. Other cabinet members strengthened.e democracy," the AD realized that collabora­ also allegedly offered to resign. tion with the regime was futile. They there­ For his part, Pinochet has formally fore decided to join with the left Democrat­ charged 10 opposition leaders, including CHILE PARTIES NEAR ic Popular Movement and the coun­ Sharpe, Segue! and Christian Democratic COALITION PACT try's major union coalition, the National Party leader Gabriel Valdes, with trying to Workers' Command , in calling for overthrow the government in connection major demonstrations Sept. 4 and 5. with the recent demonstrations. Jailing HON.GARYL.AC~ The protests were deemed a complete suc­ Valdes would invite enormous international OF NEW YORK cess by both acting AD president Mario repercussions, given his lofty reputation and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sharpe and MDP president Manuel Al­ close connection to democratic leaders meyda, who hailed the "joint mobilization throughout the world. If convicted, they Tuesday, October 9, 1984 of the opposition." But the government re­ could receive up to five years in prison.e e Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, last acted harshly, killing nine-including month's protest demonstrations in French priest Andre Jarlan-and arresting 1,000. Chile-the latest in a series that began The new mood towards cooperation be­ in May of 1983-and the Government's tween the AD, MDP, and the Socialist reaction to them should serve to Bloc-an array of left and center-left politi­ remind us all of the continuing role cal groups-prompted negotiation of a that repression plays in that country. "Constitutional Pact," the signing of which 31102 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 ENDORSEMENT OF TERRORISM? Armenian people.... " No one knows exact­ cials have correctly noted that these ly what this means. According to his spokes­ guidance documents are totally inad­ man, Sen. Levin wants to link U.S. aid to HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. the Turkish record on human rights. equate and often serve only to confuse OF KENTUCKY The Turks are understandably confused, cleanup efforts. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES worried and upset. The Senate bill specifi­ The Agency's inaction on asbestos cally says that the Ottoman empire and not has produced a situation where school Tuesday, October 9, 1984 the modern Turkish republic was responsi­ districts' only recourse is to seek relief e Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, I read ble for the killings of Armenians. So, per­ in the courts. EPA's defiance of the an excellent editorial in the October 2 haps, the Turks have reacted too strongly to law will only serve to delay the elimi­ the threat of its passage. But, after more Wall Street Journal entitled, than a decade of terrorism, they can be ex­ nation of asbestos from our schools, "ASALA's Day," which I urge my col­ cused for suspecting that the bills are part leaving ultimate resolution to the leagues in the House to read. Indeed, of a wider political agenda to separate lengthy and uncertain process of liti­ the points raised about considering Turkey from the West. gation. I commend the following arti­ resolutions in the House and Senate In a week when Congress is examining cle from the New York Times describ­ that might be interpreted as endorsing ways to prevent attacks on our embassies, it ing the school districts' plight to my terrorism against the diplomats of a is particularly ironic to consider resolutions colleagues. that will be widely interpreted as endorsing democratic ally, namely Turkey, are terrorism against the diplomats of a demo­ [From the New York Times] definitely worthy of our consideration. cratic ally·• CLAss ACTION SET IN AsBESTOS CASES-FED­ The editorial follows: ERAL JUDGE's RULING APPLIES TO ABoUT ASALA'sDAY 14,000 ScHOOLS THAT ARE CONTAMINATED In the 11 years since an Armenian terror­ EPA INACTION ON ASBESTOS , one of the arising out of a product liability question. major perpetrators, seems reasonably clear Tuesday, October 9, 1984 According to the United States Depart­ in its long-range goal, although its objec­ • Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, a Feder­ ment of Education, about 14,000 of the na­ tives are sometimes clouded by factionalism. al district court judge in Philadelphia tion's 36,000 public school districts and pri­ Its dominant faction wants to "liberate" the vate schools have asbestos in their ceilings eastern provinces of Turkey and incorporate recently approved a class action law­ or in pipe and boiler insulation. The fibers, them into the Soviet Union. This was explic­ suit brought on behalf of the thou­ when inhaled, have been known to cause itly stated when the ASALA official journal sands of school districts across the cancer and a variety of lung problems. editorialized: "Our forces never strike country which are currently mired in a "In my view the school asbestos litigation against the Soviet Socialist Republic of Ar­ desperate effort to contain the grow­ is uniquely suitable to class action treat­ menia which is already liberated." ing public health emergency posed by ment," Judge James McGirr Kelly wrote in NATO bases in eastern Turkey, just the asbestos in the schools. The schools the decision issued Friday. "Instead of hun­ region that ASALA wants to liberate," are have sued 55 asbestos manufacturers dreds of thousands of school asbestos cases essential to any Western defense against a who produced the materials which in separate forums, the litigation would be Soviet attack in the Mideast. The Soviets concentrated in a single forum, thereby poured more than a billion dollars of arms have caused these environmental haz­ economizing litigation expenses." through Bulgaria into the hands of both ards in the classroom. Thousands of school districts, the judge leftist and rightist Turkish terrorists during The Department .of Education has said "will be benefited by being relieved of the 1970s in an attempt to destabilize the estimated that as many as 14,000 the onerous burden of bringing a complex bulwark of NATO's southern flank. The schools across the country have an im­ action which could consume in costs more Turks responded with martial law and de­ minent asbestos problem and that 15 than the recovery anticipated." fused the threat sufficiently to allow the million schoolchildren and 1.4 million $1.4 BILLION COST ESTIMATED present movement back to democracy. But school workers could be affected. As­ there is no reason to believe that the Sovi­ The Department of Education has esti­ ets have given up their campaign to isolate bestos is an indisputed human carcino­ mated that it will cost the schools $1.4 bil­ Turkey from its NATO allies. gen which can cause fatal diseases lion to remove the asbestos. About 50 school The U.S. Congress has managed to after even low level, short-term expo­ districts have already filed their own law­ bumble into this nasty game. Two bills now sure. suits against the asbestos companies. Under Judge Kelly's ruling, school dis­ before that body seek to commemorate the Last week, the subcommittee I chair tricts that have already spent money to large number of deaths of Armenians in held a hearing on the Federal Govern­ remove asbestos would be able to use the eastern Turkey during World War I. There ment's effort to deal with the asbestos can be little doubt that the Armenian re­ class action to recover their costs from the crisis. The Environmental Protection asbestos companies. As other schools incur pression was a terrible chapter in history Agency's top official for the asbestos such expenses, they too will be able to seek and perhaps the Turks have been too insist­ compensation. · ent on denying guilt. But it was only one program told the subcommittee that part of a global tragedy that claimed nearly EPA would continue to oppose con­ "I think this is a great decision, because it gressional efforts to provide financial sets the framework for a global solution to 15 million lives. Dredging it up now in Con­ the whole school asbestos problem," said gress, some 70 years after the event, may be relief to the schools through a $600 David Berger, a lawyer for some of the a generous gesture toward Americans of Ar­ million loan program authorized this schools. menian descent but is hardly an appropriate past summer. The next day, EPA tried The filing of some 25,000 individual per­ signal to U.S. enemies. to retract his statement, saying that The milder version, sponsored by Rep. sonal injury cases by workers who had been Tony Coelho and Pete Wilson RICHARD OTTINGER. Not only are the The very fact that he took the time to people of the 20th Congressional Dis­ travel to the perilous area of Northern trict losing a most effective represent­ Ireland was indicative of his depth of TRIBUTE TO RON PAUL ative-the Nation is as well. commitment to a particular cause. I DICK in his decision to retire per­ know that in his honor I will continue haps articulated a concern which we to work for the passage of this legisla­ HON. PHIUP M. CRANE must all feel on occasion-a sense of tion in the 99th Congress. OF ILLINOIS frustration over the job and our ef­ DICK OTTINGER now returns to a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forts to shape policy. Yet few have more private life but all of us who worked harder at trying to impact on Thursday, October 4, 1984 know him know full well that DicK policy than DICK OTTINGER in a Con­ will continue to be involved in issues e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speak­ gressional career which began with his and causes. It is too much a part of er, since Dr. RoN PAUL won a special election in 1964. DICK OTTINGER him for him to do anything else. How­ election in his Texas district in 1976, throughout his career blended two ever in his future endeavors I wish he has emerged as a leading spokes­ seemingly diverse characteristics­ him not only success-but satisfaction. man for a genuine American philoso­ idealism and pragmatism. In his mind I also wish he and Sharon health and phy. 'It is sad to consider that when and heart, he knew which way he happiness in the years ahead. the 99th Congress convenes, such an wanted a particular policy to go but he At this point in the RECORD I would eminent gentleman will not be among also knew that at times to get some­ like to insert an article from the Yon­ its number. thing you must also give up some­ kers Herald Statesman but which was RoN came to Congress with strong thing. The blend has produced more run throughout Westchester County beliefs and definite convictions. He benefits than setbacks, over DicK's in the various papers under the Gan­ has therefore, during his time in the career. During his years in the House, nett ownership focusing on the career House, fervently pursued the imple­ he played a prominent role in such di­ and thoughts of DICK OTTINGER. It not mentation of measures consistent with verse areas as reforming House proce­ only portrays DicK; it also provides his beliefs through the sponsoring and dures-and working for a better envi­ some of DICK's thoughts and reflec­ the cosponsoring of many important ronment. He was an unabashed cham­ tions on his own career. bills. His persistent advocacy of sound pion of nuclear safety-even a pioneer money, economic and civil liberty and on the subject. [From the Yonkers Herald Statesman] limited constitutional government DICK served with special effective­ OTTINGER REFLECTS ON His 20 YEARS OF HIGHS AND Lows IN WASHINGTON have all won him national acclaim as a ness as Chairman of the powerful responsible and principled statesman. Energy Conservation and Power Sub­ RoN has ended his time here serving committee of the House Energy and WASHINGTON.-It's a bittersweet week for on the House Committee on Banking, Commerce Committee. He was also a Democratic Rep. Richard Ottinger. After 20 years of off-and-on service in Congress, he's Finance and Urban Affairs and on leading member of the Science and coming home to Westchester. three of its subcommittees. He has de­ Technology Committee. He was also Monday, colleagues will throw a wingding veloped a particularly keen interest in the founder and past Chairman of the to say goodbye. Thursday, the 98th Con­ economic affairs and has been con­ Environment Study Group which gress hopes to adjourn. cerned about inflation and the value during his leadership was a most effec­ The other day, with his feet propped on a of paper money. In 1981 he served on tive voice in the Congress on behalf of coffee table, the 20th District representative the U.S. Gold Commission and environmental causes. talked about his Washington years. He through his interest in the economy I have had the especially good for­ mulled the high and low points, his reputa­ tion as a loner and "troublemaker," and he founded the Foundation for Ra­ tune to have worked more closely than took a few parting shots at House Speaker tional Economics and Education in many of my colleagues with DicK OT­ Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill, D-Mass. 1976. He is also an author of three TINGER. On two different occasions in What he'll miss most. Ottinger said, are books. my 15 years in the House I have had his friends in Congress and the ability "to 31104 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 make some kind of action and effective "That was a very damaging blow to my GOOD IMMIGRANT BILL noise about the outrages." ego and my aspirations for leadership in the What he will not miss, he said, are the institution," he said. He said his lack of brutal demands of the job. obeisance to the House leadership put him HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOU Ottinger is 55 and is tired and frustrated on the outskirts of power. OF KENTUCKY with the uphill fight to rekindle the Great "The leadership likes you to genuflect and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Society. His said his job helped cause the say 'yes' to whatever they do and I'm not failure of his first marriage, and probably that way. And if you take on the speaker on Tuesday, October 9, 1984 contributed to his recent separation from his second wife. issues where you disagreee with him, he e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I com­ "I won't miss not having control over my tends to look at you as being disloyal and mend to the attention of my col­ life," he said. "Having weekends. Getting unreliable," he said. leagues the following article by Bran­ home before midnight. Just staying home "Even though I wrote the speaker a letter deis University Pro. Lawrence H. and reading books, actually reading some in­ demonstrating to him that I have been one Fuchs, which appeared in the October teresting books." of his most loyal supporters, supporting him He plans to come home to Mamaroneck in terms of the votes, a lot more than many 9, 1984, New York Times. and hopes to teach part time, write, and of his committee chairmen or his leadership Professor Fuchs' comments are very create a television series showing how to group, he still views me as a troublemaker," much on target and I hope my col­ fight bureaucracy. Ottinger said. leagues will give them careful consid­ "I really don't have Potomac fever," Ot­ But, Ottinger said, he has learned to deal eration in the few hours remaining in tinger said. "The only problem will be pres­ with defeat and disappointment. the 98th Congress to give final approv­ sure put on me to maintain an active politi­ "I basically react the same whether it's al to crucial immigration reform and cal life. Already people are pressuring me to losing the election or the tragedies I've ex­ control legislation. run for county executive. I won't do it." perienced in my personal life. I pull up my Ottinger's first attempt at politics came in The article follows: socks and go on to the next challenge." GOOD IMMIGRANT BILL 1957, when he belly-flopped with an unsuc­ "I hurt, sometimes badly, but there's no cessful run for Mount Pleasant town super­ . colorless." ly resident aliens. In fact, the bill provides He never even noticed it. Geraldine Ferraro: "A woman who would for new mechanisms-including a new spe­ Ottinger shrugs aside a query about make a splendid president." cial counsel to investigate complaints-that whether or not growing up rich made him a Peter Peyser: "A superb showman." will help protect aliens against such discrim­ populist. Lt. Gov. Alfred Del Bello: Long pause. ination. "Tradition has it the first generation "My mother told me if I didn't have any­ The bill is not anti-family. It emphasizes makes it and the second generation gives it thing nice to say about anybody I shouldn't family reunification exactly as does present away, all right? I'm the second generation. I law. The crucial provision legalizing the say anything at all and I'm not going to say status of undocumented aliens who have guess I follow that pattern." anything about him." And it wasn't getting his fortune from a lived in America before 1981 will strengthen John F. Kennedy: "One of the most in­ family reunification by allowing newly le­ wood company that fueled his fierce inter­ spiring presidents we ever had." est in environmental protection-It was galized aliens married to resident aliens to "growing up in Westchester and appreciat­ Ottinger wanted to say more. emerge from the shadows under the full ing the beauties that offers," he said. "Kennedy really inspired the country to protection of the law. "And corny as it sounds, it's true nonethe­ achieve its fullest, its best potential, where­ Nor will this provision open the floodgates less that being a Boy Scout had something as Reagan and Nixon played on people's to immigration. Even the most dramatic to do with it," he said with a shy smile. fears and prejudices. Jack Kennedy brought forecasts do not predict that more than two His career had its ups and downs. An un­ out the best in people," he said. million will apply for legalization. Overall, successful bid for the U.S. Senate in 1970 It is possible to return to those ideals, Ot­ the Simpson-Mazzoli bill will affect only cost him $4.5 million ("Damn near ruined tinger said. marginally the total number of immigrants the family finances," he said> and he failed "It takes another really affirmative leader lawfully admitted in the years ahead, while in his first bid to reclaim his congressional to move us forward," he said. "One person bringing an exploitable underclass into seat from Peter Peyser in 1972. makes all the difference in the world." more open participation in American life But re-elected in 1974, he was back in Con­ That is the optimistic philosophy he's car­ and also deterring future illegal immigra­ gress by 1975 and elected chairman of the ried through his years in Washington. tion in a more effective way than the dan­ New Members Caucus-the high point of his "It's been just the most fascinating thing gerous cops-and-robbers game that we call Washington years, he said. He said that anybody could do," he said. "There is no border enforcement. group would make wide reforms in House other job where you can get involved and How will Simpson-Mazzoli start us toward procedure. have a meaningful impact on virtually any­ effective enforcement? Short term, the flow Other high points were his chairmanship of illegal aliens will not be cut drastically. of the powerful Energy, Conservation and thing going on in the country-or for that Employers will need time to move to a work­ Power Subcommittee, and creation of the matter, the world. I would certainly do it force that is substantially lawful. And it will bipartisan Environmental Study Group. over again." • take seven to 10 years to develop a univer­ The low point, he said, was losing a bid for sally secure system to validate those who Democratic Study Group chairman in 1979, can work and who can't. But by that time because it showed him bluntly he would the incentive to enter the country illegally never have a major House leadership role. will have been removed. The main reason October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31105 for starting now is to prevent the growth of I wish him and his family all the Enhancement Act, the Computer Lit­ a larger underclass and to protect us from best of what they seek in the years eracy Act, the Federal Correctional the terrible divisiveness that would result ahead and extend to each of them my from large-scale illegal migration in the Educational Assistance Act, and sever­ future. warmest regards.e al attempts to treat museums and li­ Simpson-Mazzoli will not work miracles. braries as public charities for income But it does do several important things. At LIBRARY SERVICES FUND LEG­ tax purposes. one point, for example, efforts were made ISLATION HIGHLY DESIRABLE Next year, as we consider the reau­ by restrictionist elements in Congress to thorization of the Higher Education make refugees Georgetown University, The Jessie Gray Housing Act, named isting units would be increased. and while there, he served as a lieuten­ after the founding chairman of the No matter how much we tinker with ant in the Navy. National Tenants Organization, pro­ voucher systems and other bureau­ Mr. Gilmore served as assistant pros­ poses the construction of 5 million cratic procedures, we cannot deny the ecuting attorney of Scott County and new public housing units and the revi­ fact that there is not enough public later ~ prosecuting attorney and was talization of 100,000 existing units housing available for those who re­ an active member of the American each year for a period of 10 years. quire it. New construction of public ~~ouri, and Scott County Bar Asso~ This project would be financed in part housing is a necessity, not a conven­ CiatiOns. He was a member of the Mis­ by a new National Housing Fund. In ience, and the Jessie Gray Housing souri . Law Enforcement Assistance addition, a substantial percentage of Act recognizes this fact.e Council and served as president of the the construction jobs created by this S~~tt County Young Democrats. In ad­ project would be set aside for unem­ dition, he was a member of the Sikes­ ployed individuals living in or near ROMAINE B. THOMAS­ ton Public Li~rary Board, the Boy public housing. Finally, the share of OUTSTANDING EDUCATOR Scouts Executive Board and received personal income which all housing-aid the Boy Scouts of America District recipients would be required to use for Award of Merit and the Silver Beaver rent would be reduced to 25 percent HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY Award. reversing a Reagan administration de~ OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Mr. ~ilmore also served as judge of cision to set the share at 30 percent. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the . Sikeston Municipal Court, vice­ The passage of the Jessie Gray president of the Sikeston Industrial Housing Act is made vital by the re­ Tuesday, October 9, 1984 Development Council, and was a gressive policies of the current admin­ e Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, at a member of the Sikeston Chamber of istration. While the number of home­ time when our country is properly pre­ Commerce, the United Fund Board less in America has risen steadily, Fed­ occupied with the quest for excellence and the Silkeston Optimist Club. H~ eral expenditures for housing assist­ in education, particularly in our public ~as active in the First United Method­ ance have plummeted from $27 billion schools, I am pleased to bring to the ISt Church of Sikeston and served on to $9.9 billion over the past 3 years. attention of my colleagues the accom­ its .adminis~rative board and pastor­ This administration is infatuated with plishments of a talented educator, Ms. pariSh relatiOns committee. voucher programs which fail to ad­ Romaine B. Thomas, the principal of Thomas Ray Gilmore leaves behind dress either the shortage of actual Ketchum Elementary School in the family and friends who will miss him housing units or the discrimination District of Columbia. greatly, but who will remember him . against low-income and minority Ms. Romaine B. Thomas has just for .his comJ;>assion and his untiring rental applicants shown by landlords. been selected as one of the 54 nomi­ servic~ to hiS community, his State This act would reduce the public nees for the first annual National Dis­ and hiS country. The examples he set housing shortage by financing the tinguished Principals Program, jointly and the contributions he made will construction of 500,000 new units each sponsored by the National Association continue to enhance the lives of those year for a total of 10 years. Funding of Elementary School Principals, the who knew him for as long as we live.e would come from three sources: Direct U.S. Department of Education, and Federal grants, the new National Tandy Corp. This outstanding educa­ THE CONGRESSIONAL CAPITAL Housing Fund, and bonds issued by tor will be participating in a meeting INVESTMENT PROGRAM IN­ Public Housing Agencies [PHA'sl and with the Secretary of Education, T.H. FORMATION ACT OF 1984 guaranteed by ·the Federal Govern­ Bell, as well as a formal awards ban­ ment. During the first fiscal year, Fed­ q~et. She will also be honored, along eral grants to PHA's from general rev­ With the other nominees, at a White HON.JAMESJ.HOWARD enues would total $5 billion. During House reception. OF NEW JERSEY the same period, grants would be made Mr. Speaker, I am extremely proud to PHA's from the National Housing of Ms. Romaine B. Thomas, who is a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Fund in the aggregate amount of $15 civic leader in the Washington, DC, Tuesday, October 9, 1984 billion. This fund would consist of rev­ community, as well as a long distance e Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker today enues raised specifically for this pur- runner for educational excellence.e I am introducing the Congr~ssional October 9, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31107 Capital Investment Program Informa­ for analyzing the best combination of al outlays within the unified Federal tion Act of 1984. capital investment programs needed to budget. Joining me on this important piece maintain the Nation's infrastructure. With the enactment of this bill, Con­ of legislation is the distinguished ma­ The second and most important gress can then debate and set capital jority leader, Hon. JIM WRIGHT of component is the formulation of a na­ budget priorities clearly and deliber­ Texas, who is to be complimented for tional infrastructure proposal along ately within the context of overall his continued commitment to the issue the lines of H.R. 5948, the National In­ capital policy objectives. of capital budgeting and the need for frastructure Act. That bill would This is not a new concept, but it has obtaining better data on our Nation's create a national infrastructure fund yet to be implemented. Failure to put capital investments. to make 20-year, interest-free loans the Federal budget in a more rational, In testimony before the Rules Com­ available to the States and to serve as understandable order, will limit the mittee on Budget Act reforms, Con­ a depository for their repayment. It ability of all levels of government to gressman WRIGHT stated: would allocate $3 billion per year for define and move forward with their It seems to me that we have reached the 10 years according to a formula based own infrastructure strategies. point where in the United States we need to on State population. I encourage and welcome your sup­ adopt that very sensible procedure. Here we The States would be required to port for this legislation.e are confronted, according to one of the news spend the loans only on roads, bridges, magazines, with a rather urgent necessity to mass transit facilities and equipment, expend some $2.5 trillion, if you believe water supply and distribution systems, HONORING PAUL KAPCHAN their figures, in rebuilding, repairing, mod­ and sewerage systems-the core life ernizing, updating the basic public infra­ support systems of our economy. Each structure of our country, the roads, the HON.GARYL.AC~ bridges, the schools, the libraries, the public State would determine how to allocate OF NEW YORK services of all kinds, the sewage plants, the its Federal funds with a requirement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that at least 30 percent be set aside for water works, the drainage ditches that make Tuesday, October 9, 1984 up the public infrastructure of our Nation. municipal and country governments to Those are our capital assets. They belong invest. e Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I to all the public, and yet we are told that 40 Overall, the bill has three purposes: would like to ask my colleagues in the percent of the bridges in the United States, To provide a steady, dependable U.S. House of Representatives to take and that is more than 200,000 of them, are stream of capital to the States so that this moment to join me in honoring structurally deficient and obsolete, some of them actually dangerous. At least 40 per­ local managers can plan for future Mr. Paul Kapchan, president of the cent of them are more than 40 years old. needs; to leave selection and dedica­ Democratic Club of Flushing-White­ They were built before 1940. tion of projects with State and local stone-College Point in Queens County, We face this necessity. Manifestly we are governments; and to require that all NY. not going to be able to do an adequate job in funds be repaid, thereby containing The Democratic Club is paying trib­ rebuilding the infrastructure of our country the cost to the U.S. Treasury. ute to our colleague JAMEs SCHEUER out of operating expenses without running Legislative action on this bill is ex­ and Mr. Kapchan for their many years huge deficits. pected next Congress. of dedication and service to the public, Therefore, it seems plausible to me that The third component-a logical ex­ the first and foremost important amend­ at an annual dinner-dance on October ment to the Budget Act ought to be one tension of the first-is the develop­ 26, 1984. which would carry out a recommendation ment of a capital budget within the Mr. Speaker, I know my colleagues made by the Hoover Commission in 1949, congressional budget process. That is in this body are aware of Congressman which was that we create a capital budget what the bill I am introducing today ScHEUER's vital contributions to the under which expenditures would be separat­ does. House of Representatives, his con­ ed from current operating expenses. Section 2 of the bill requires that stituents, and the citizens of this Capital and investment type programs annual concurrent resolutions on the Nation. But I would like to take a few would be financed separately from the cur­ budget separately identify and sum­ moments to describe to you what the rent expense programs, and would be costed out over a period of time sufficient to amor­ marize the public civilian and military efforts of someone you may not know tize the investment and to pay for them capital investment expenditures of the have done for the people of Flushing. before they wear out, but not unrealistically United States. Paul Kapchan's ideas, leadership, expecting us to pay for everything in a cur­ Section 3 requires committees to and spirit of tolerance and under­ rent year. To do so seems to be defrauding review and comment on the Presi­ standing have dramatically changed ourselves. dent's analysis of capital investments, the appearance and the heart of It is in this spirit that the Congres­ one of the new requirements of the re­ Flushing. Although he is serving his sional Capital Investment Act was for­ cently passed capital budgeting bill. first term as president of the Demo­ mulated. Section 4 requires that the report ac­ cratic Club, he has been deeply in­ This bill addresses one of what I be­ companying the budget resolution in­ volved in the club and the community lieve are three necessary components clude an identification and analysis of for many years, to the benefit of every of a national infrastructure program: the principal policy issues and factors citizen in Flushing. As president of the A mechanism for the President to that affect capital needs. Flushing Merchants Association, Paul gather budgetary information on cap­ Sections 5 and 6 provide for the allo­ has been the catalyst for revolutiona­ ital investments; a national infrastruc­ cation of the capital budget among re­ lizing the relationships between immi­ ture initiative to meet program needs; spective House and Senate committees grant and resident merchants, and be­ and a mechanism for Congress to de­ and within those committees by sub­ tween the business community and termine infrastructure priorities. committees and/ or programs. surrounding neighborhoods. The first would be achieved through Section 7 provides that the defini­ Paul has fought hard, with persist­ enactment of the conference report on tion of "public civilian and military ence and diplomacy, for a safer, clean­ S. 1330, the so-called capital budgeting capital investments" shall be the same er, more dynamic Flushing. Through bill. That bill requires the President, as in the capital budgeting bill. his efforts in negotiating better coop­ beginning with fiscal year 1986, to in­ In essence, this bill parallels and eration between merchants and the clude as part of the annual budget complements what will be the new police department, every citizen now submissions to Congress detailed capital budgeting requirements of the enjoys better protection and a safer budget analyses of major capital in­ executive branch. In addition, it pro­ way of life. He led a drive to welcome vestments. That bill, which will soon vides the means by which Congress and support Chinese and Korean im­ become law, is a necessary first step in can assure that capital expenditures migrant merchants and to break down giving policymakers a dependable tool are separated from current operation- barriers of prejudice and misunder- 31108 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1981, standing among business owners. He WIRTH's analysis that "the trend is teachers. The first episode, to be broadcast has lived in Flushing for many years, down and children's television is dete­ Oct. 22, shows a visit with astronauts. Later, built his life, his business and his riorating rapidly." the programs will cover electricity, the ori­ gins of the earth and measurements. Loca­ friendships there. As a cofounder of Peggy Charren and Cynthia Al­ tions range from a junkyard in New Jersey the Democratic Club in Flushing and perowicz, in an article titled "TV to a walk along the rim of an active volcano. proprietor of a men's clothing store, Should Turn on Children's Minds," <"We were within about 50 feet of the lava he had a vision for the community-a discuss the enormous potential re­ vents, and the soles of my shoes were melt­ vision of harmony between businesses source we have in television to educate ing," says Judy Leak, the actress who plays and neighborhoods; of people working our children. I am pleased to be an one of the teen-age characters.> together for a common goal; of suc­ original cosponsor of legislation which Grants from the National Science Foun­ cessful business owners extending the would require commercial networks to dation, the Department of Education and broadcast 1 hour of programming, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting vir­ hand of friendship to struggling immi­ tually assure the production of 20 new pro­ grant merchants. Monday through Friday, aimed at edu­ grams each year through 1989. Mr. Speaker, that vision is being re­ cating child viewers. I am appalled The shows are built around three teen­ alized in Flushing. Some citizens wish that while the average child will watch agers acting as hosts and an 11-year-old kid for a better, brighter way of life for over 15,000 hours of television before brother who asks lots of questions. Dr. themselves and their children. Paul he graduates from high school-so Edward G. Atkins, a scientist responsible for Kapchan turns those ideals into reali­ little is educational or even informa­ much of the content, says the show tried to ty. tive. get youngsters to ask as many "Whys" as I commend both these articles to my possible to allow the program to illustrate I ask every Member of the U.S. the answers. He stresses that the show does House of Representatives to join with colleagues for their consideration. The not want to replace a classroom curriculum me now in paying tribute to Mr. Paul issue of children's television program­ but rather to arouse interest and give Kapchan.e ming is one which I know will be the youngsters factual knowledge on which focus of my attention again in the teachers can build. 99th Congress. "If kids aren't interested, they won't CHILDREN'S TELEVISION-A The above mentioned articles follow: learn," Dr. Atkins says. "And if they haven't WASTELAND [From the New York Times, Oct. 2, 19841 grasped certain basic concepts, they can't progress." He is not ashamed to admit that FORGOTTEN TV AUDIENCE: CHILDREN scientific content and entertainment must HON. JOHN BRYANT blend if the show is to work. OF TEXAS Children are television's forgotten audi­ A preview last week showed a teen-age girl IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ence. The networks have virtually aban­ skirting the still fiery flow from an active doned children's programs, except for Sat­ volcano, helping a scientist to scoop up sam­ Tuesday, October 9, 1984 urday mornings' nonstop cartoon shows and ples of the steaming mass for laboratory e Mr. BRYANT. Mr. Speaker, a major occasional afterschool "special." Public tele­ purposes. In this case, the scientist is a issue of concern to me has been and vision which continues to offer a few good woman. Whenever possible, the program will continue to be the total lack of children's programs suffers from a severe fi­ uses women and members of minority quality television programming on nancial drought. groups as professional role models. Last week two rays of hope broke through Another segment looks at changes in the commercial networks designed exclu­ that darkness. The first was a meeting earth's surface over the past 450 million sively for children. called by Dr. David Hamburg, president of years. "Can you predict what things will be I believe that the quantification of the Carnegie Corporation, on Television and like in another 450 million years?" a young­ programming for children, as well as its Education Potential for Children. It ster asks. The scientist smiles and explains for elderly, women, and minorities, served notice that a major foundation has the difficulty of such long-range forecasts. was the major stumbling block to suc­ reaffirmed its support of children's televi­ Discovering the past is easier. cessful resolution of the debate on leg­ sion. The second hopeful sign was an an­ A little boy's physical examination before islation to deregulate the broadcast in­ nouncement by the Chidren's Television he leaves for summer camp leads to the dis­ Workshop that it would present 20 covery of electricity in the human body or dustry. And should this issue become new half-hour episodes as part of "3-2-1 generated by it. "It's everywhere," says the the focus of legislative action in the Contact," its science program for 8- to 12- doctor, and the program subsequently 99th Congress, I am certain that the year-olds. In addition, the television work­ shows how body electricity can be used to quantification of children's program­ ship has received financing to plan a mathe­ allow an amputee to move an artificial ming will again be one of my goals. matics program. hand. Recently, two excellent articles were These were signs that, at least in public The science program reports that it has published which clearly spell out the television, there is still life in children's pro­ an audience of well over seven million view­ reasons broadcasters must focus more gramming. A representative of NBC said the ers. It is augmented by 3-2-1 Contact Maga­ network was considering a still secret chil­ zine, and teachers' guides, published by the of their vast resources and allocate dren's program, rumored to be a news show. television workshop and made available free more air time to children's program­ While this would suggest some hope that of charge to any teacher on request. So far, ming. commercial television has not washed out more than 650,000 guides have been or­ Fred Hechinger, in the October 3, regular programs for children altogether, dered. to require daily children's programing, and Three: more and more shows that look like Can commercial television programs edu­ the FCC had agreed to consider the idea. ads, making for more and more advertiser cate and inform children? Should they even In 1974, the commission adopted a policy satisfaction. try? Does the government have a right to statement emphasizing that "broadcasters The trend in recent years has been to make them try? have a special obligation to serve children" criticize television. It's called the "plug-in These are a few of the questions likely to and "to develop and present programing drug," the "boob tube." Wirth, Lautenberg be debated by Congress in the coming which will serve the unique needs of the and their supporters disagree. They think of months. At the heart of the debate are child audience." Leaving the door open to children's television not as Pandora's box, issues crucial to communications policy in ACT's idea of mandatory children's pro­ filled with evil curses. Rather, they see chil­ the United States: If the public owns the graming, the commission set minimum dren's TV as Aladdin's lamp, a source of airwaves, can't the federal government man­ standards for the amount and scheduling of hidden good fortune. date that broadcasters give back something children's programing. Anyone who has ever wished for chil­ to the public, in exchange for their license Five years later, an FCC task force evalu­ dren's television to be more like a children's to use the airwaves? Or would that endan­ ated industry compliance with the 1974 library can now make that wish come true: ger precious broadcast freedoms? policy statement and announced that broad­ Tell Congress it's time to let the genie out, Sen. Frank Lautenberg had present­ take action one way or another the commis­ ed a virtually identical bill, H.R. 4097, in the sion closed the proceeding. Not only did the House. commission decide not to require daily chil­ HON. BRUCE A. MORRISON In introducing his version of The Chil­ dren's programing, but it chose to weaken OF CONNECTICUT its 1974 policy statement, arguing that with dren's Television Education Act, Wirth said, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "America is losing ground in competing with so many TV sources now available Tuesday, October 9, 1984 technological age. The place to start to to children, commercial broadcasters need fight back is education: both inside and out­ worry no more about children's viewing e Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. side our schools." Television, he explained, needs. Mr. Speaker, I would like to pay trib­ is so pervasive that by the time they finish Enter Wirth and Lautenberg, asking Con­ ute to the Long Wharf Theater, which high school, American teenagers have spent gress to step in where the FCC feared to is celebrating the opening of its 20th more hours in front of a TV-15,000 on the tread by exploring commercial TV's poten­ season on October 12, 1984. average-than in front of a teacher. tial for educating and informing young audi­ The Long Wharf Theater, located in Lautenberg reminded the Senate that ences. Sensitive to broadcasters' First New Haven, CT, is a vital artistic insti­ other nations have recognized TV's enor­ Amendment freedoms, neither suggested tution, not only to the city of New mous potential. "England, Sweden, Austra­ that the government attempt to judge what Haven and my congressional district, lia and Japan all mandate more than 10 makes good educational TV; Wirth and Lau­ hours a week of educational programing for tenberg asked simply that Congress man­ but to the theatrical life of Connecti­ children," he noted. date quantity, not quality. Competition will cut and the entire Nation. Wirth and Lautenberg have commended keep the quality naturally high, in any case, Begun in the summer of 1965 by two public television for its role in educating Lautenberg reasons: "Once broadcasters are Yale drama students with the enthusi­ young viewers. But they emphasize that required to attend to the children in their astic cooperation of local professional public TV has neither the funds nor the audience, market forces will drive them to people, the theater produced its first mandate to become an educational chil­ attract as many young audiences as they show in an unusual location: a food dren's network, and that it's time for Con­ can, and they will do that by airing attrac­ market building in the commercial sec­ gress to require commercial stations to help tive educational programing." shoulder the responsibility for educating Squire Rushnell, vice president for long­ tion of New Haven known as Long children and teenagers. "The amount of range planning and children's television at Wharf. The theater still operates in children's programing has dropped from an ABC, claims that children won't watch so­ the original location. Since its debut, average of 10.5 hours a week in 1974 to 4.4 called educational programing. "If it kind of the Long Wharf has received two Pul­ hours a week in 1983," Lautenberg observes. looks like school, we've lost them," he itzer Prizes and three New York "There is no regularly scheduled weekday claims. But public television's "Sesame Drama Critics Circle Awards, and 12 of programing for children on any of the com­ Street" has dispelled the myth that chil­ its 78 productions have gone on to new mercial networks." Wirth cites statistics dren can't enjoy TV while they learn. York to become major productions. showing that commercial broadcasters now Before Reagan's deregulatory FCC took the devote an average of three-quarters of 1 per­ heat off broadcasters to serve young audi­ Under the leadership of Arvin cent of their daily airtime to informational ences, CBS had "30 Minutes," a Saturday Brown, artistic director, M. Edgar Ro­ children's programs. morning news magazine modeled after "60 senblum, executive director, and C. 31110 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 Newton Schenck III, director of the Recognizing the benefits of electri­ the catalyst which stirred investor­ board, Long Wharf has become an in­ cal service and wanting those for his owned telephone service into being in stitution on our American theatrical people, he worked successfully for the Arkansas County. scene. establishment of the Riceland Electric H.H. Harvill, Sr., did "reach out and For 20 years the Long Wharf Thea­ Cooperative, Inc., H.H. Harvill, Sr., touch someone". He reached out and ter has enriched our lives with imagi­ was an incorporator of the people­ touched us all, and we are much better native and excellent theater. It's a owned cooperative, and has been a for that reaching.e small theater-but it's the best. I know member of its board of directors since that all the people of Connecticut's it came into being on July 29, 1940. He Third Congressional District and thea­ is the only president in the organiza­ ANTITRUST REFORM ACT ter-lovers all over the world join me in tion's 44-year history. saying, "Happy Birthday, Long Mr. Harvill's role as incorporator of HON. JACK BROOKS Wharf."e the rural electric cooperative was the first of a long history of such success­ OF TEXAS es. He has served as an incorporator IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H.H. HARVILL, SR., PIONEERING and member of the board of directors Tuesday, October 9, 1984 ARKANSAS COMMUNITY LEADER of Arkansas Electric Cooperatives, Inc., the statewide association of rural e Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, today I HON. BILL ALEXANDER electric cooperatives. The Arkansas am introducing the Antitrust Reform Electric Cooperative Corp., the state­ Act. My bill would reform the anti­ OF ARKANSAS trust laws in two areas. It creates a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wide power supply cooperative of the Arkansas electric cooperatives, has new right of contribution. This will Tuesday, October 9, 1984 benefited from his service as incorpo­ permit defendants in a price-fixing e Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I rator, board of directors member and case to bring into the case parties not wish to share with my colleagues the president. sued by the plaintiff, but parties who story of one of my States most re­ With the innate concern of a person may have conspired with the defend­ spected and most effective community who loves the land and water and be­ ants to fix prices. A new statutory leaders. lieves the ravage of soil erosion is the right of claim reduction is included in When H.H. Harvill, Sr., of Hum­ enemy of all people, H.H. Harvill my bill. Settlements would not be dis­ phrey, AR, gave the news that resi­ turned his formidable energies to land couraged under the principle of claim dents of countryside communities and and water conservation and erosion reduction. However, any judgment ob­ small towns across southeast and prevention. Thus came into being his tained by plaintiff in a price-fixing south central Arkansas would benefit years as an incorporator, director, and case would be reduced by the market from the largest rural water project continuous president and chairman of share of those who settled. ever backed by the U.S. Farmers the Arkansas County Soil Conserva­ The contribution and claim reduc­ Home Administration, grins spread tion District, as well as area vice presi­ tion principles represent sound policy across many faces of his fellow Arkan­ dent of the Soil Conservation Districts and needed reform. All, not some, sans. of Arkansas, and as chairman of the price-fixers will be punished. Those The Harvill magic had been put to board of directors of the Arkansas who believe they are innocent can liti­ work yet again. County Soil and Water Conservation gate without fear that they will have Revered and respected by thousands, Cominittee. to pay damages attributable to the H.H. Harvill, Sr., reputation for Mr. Harvill's concern with the avail­ others.e achieving results for his fellow Arkan­ ability of water to the people of his sans began building nearly half a cen­ region has resulted in his investing his tury ago. So the success in getting energies in the Tri-County Water LEONARD FUNK: BRADDOCK Users Association as incorporator, HILLS DEDICATES MONUMENT funding for the Gra-'"ld Prairie Region­ TO WINNER OF CONGRESSION­ al Water Distribution System came, member of the board of directors, AL MEDAL OF HONOR not as a surprise, but as one more dem­ president and board chairman, and in onstration of his faith and his dogged the Arkansas Rural Water Association determination to help his people as incorporator, director and chair­ HON. DOUG WALGREN achieve a better life for themselves man. This has been in addition to his OF PENNSYLVANIA and their families. work with the Grand Prairie Regional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Although retired now, H.H. Harvill Water Distribution District which in­ began his career,. like many in his tends to provide domestic water supply Tuesday, October 9, 1984 region, as a farmer. He helped pioneer to Arkansans in parts of Arkansas, e Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, this rice, soybean, and fish farming in our Jerferson, Lonoke, Monroe, and Prai­ September, the community of the State even while growing the tradi­ rie Counties. Braddock Hills dedicated a monument, tional crops of cotton and oats. Both Another measure of H.H. Harvill, in honor of Leonard Funk, who earned the Farm Bureau and the Farmers Sr.'s enthusiastic and unflagging serv­ the Congressional Medal of Honor in Union are privileged to count him as a ice to his fellow Arkansans, may be the European Theater during World long-time member and supporter. Mr. found in his work as an incorporator War II and who recently retired after Harvill was an organizer of the Arkan­ and member of the board of directors years of service as the Veterans' Ad­ sas County Farm Bureau. of the Southeast Arkansas Economic ministration division chief in the Pitts­ He has served his religious faith as a Development District. As is the case burgh region. member, deacon, and Sunday school with other community service-oriented My generation can only mark and teacher in Humphrey Baptist Church. organizations he has helped found and honor Leonard's bravery in action that H.H. Harvill, Sr., backed his belief in guide, SAEDD is a cooperative institu­ saved the lives of many of the young the principles of democratic, repre­ tion directed at helping Arkansans Americans fighting with him. sentative government with 46 years as build better lives for themselves. The Congressional Medal of Honor a member of the Arkansas County A project undertaken by H.H. Har­ is the highest award given by our Quorum Court. As a parent and sup­ vill, Sr., in the 1940's symbolizes his country for military bravery. It is es­ porter of education, he, for 25 years, whole career of community service. At pecially appreciated that the most im­ put his energies to work for the Hum­ that time he began promoting the portant military honor our country phrey School as a member of the dis­ Telephone Utility District within Ar­ best serves comes from the Congress, trict's board of education. kansas County. His efforts provided because the Congress is the part of October 9, 1981,. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 31111 our Government that most closely rep­ ous effect on sound economic policy. It has risen to 24 or 25 percent. The culprit, resents the American people. tends to have more effect on long-term in­ therefore, is spending. And it is to protect the American vestment than on short-term speculation. My concern is that higher taxes will turn Q. Why the danger? the economy back down again. It won't give people that young men like Leonard A. Say you are a business manager and the incentive to add to productive capacity Funk, have risked their lives complete­ considering a new investment project. You and competitiveness of the economy. To the ly throughout our history. are looking at a basic rate of interest of 15 extent that politically you have to have Just as importantly, we should take percent in the U.S. today. That means that some tax increase to go along with spending this occasion to honor Leonard's serv­ if you want to make 15 percent on the in­ cuts, I would hope that the tax increases ice to our country's veterans through vestment, you need prospects of a pretax will be primarily on the consumption and his career with the Veterans' Adminis­ rate of return of about 30 percent to make it not on the income side. This would be the tration. worthwhile. There are not too many invest­ fairest type of taxation. You can exempt Leonard's contribution in the deliv­ ments around like that. So what happens? the poor from consumption taxes. Food can You slow down the investment. be exempted. Clothing under a certain price ery of veterans' services and benefits Q. Are you seeing such slowdowns already can be exempted. over the years of work with the Veter­ among clients? Q. Does that mean you would support a ans' Administration is as important a A. We've seen some signs that the buoyan­ value-added tax? contribution to the spirit and values of cy is subsiding. This recovery was far more A. I would, to the extent that you have to our country as were his instinctive re­ buoyant than anyone expected, but it has raise additional revenue. actions on the battlefield that earned been very uneven. It has been very fine in Q. What kind of spending would you cut? him the Congressional Medal of some of the high-tech areas; very fine in A. First, we've got to recognize that the Honor. consumer durables, including automobiles; poor and the disadvantaged need help. Our If our Nation does not honor and very fine in other consumer goods; not very country should never turn its back on them. service its veterans we will lose our good in capital goods, in modernizing plants But a number of our so-called entitlement for the future. That's why we've beginning programs are entitlements for people who spirit without fail. to see signs that some industries are slowing don't need them. They're a terribly expen­ There are large challenges ahead of down. sive way of providing the middle class with a us as more veterans than ever before Q. With inflation cooled off, why are in­ service. For example, I don't see why my move into old age. Leonard Funk's terest rates so high? future Social Security benefit necessarily service to our country should be our A. There are a number of factors. One is should be tax-exempt. Why should it be? example against which to measure an expectation issue: "Once burned, twice It's another form of pension. ourselves and our own commitment to shy." The investor has been very, very badly I say to the young people in the bank: the veteran. burned by fixed-rate obligations of any "Why should you pay for my pension out of length of time. Therefore, it is very hard to your personal funds?" That's what we're What are we willing to contribute? float 25 and 30-year fixed-rate money today. Our commitment to these aging veter­ talking about here. Two, short term, there is the question of Q. What do you think the next adminis­ ans is only beginning to be tested. budget deficits. There is apprehension that tration will do about the deficits? We should be grateful that Leonard the deficits will heat up inflation and worry A. I don't really know. But my impression Funk set such a good example for us that they will mop up some of the credit is that both parties recognize the need for to aspire to.e supply. If the government is floating 180 to deficit reduction. I share President Reagan's 200 billion dollars of debt every year, that's view that much of that effort has to come fairly big percentage of our savings. from a spending cut. I just hope Congress INCREASING TAXES WOULD And you say, "Well, O.K., we'll import the rest of the money." But the rest of the will cooperate. THREATEN OUR ECONOMIC Q. You sound rather worried about this RECOVERY world is not without its deficit spending recovery. Should the Federal Reserve ease also. Clearly, neither we nor the rest of the up on credit now to help interest rates come HON. NORMAN F. LENT world have become immune to the level of down? A. I don't want to appear too troubled. OF NEW YORK interest rates. Q. Looking to 1985, what do you see inter­ But the problems require the most excruci­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES atingly careful pursuit of monetary policy Tuesday, October 9, 1984 est rates doing? A. I hope we will see rates somewhat lower on the part of the Fed. • Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, I rise to over the next 12 months, if not in the imme­ I can't think of any person that I would call to the attention of my colleagues diate future. I hope this because it's going rather see chairman of the Federal Reserve to be important to sustain economic devel­ than Paul Volcker. He has done a very good a recent interview in the magazine job. But we have to recognize that it's a U.S. News & World Report with Wil­ opment. I think we get there by dealing with our high-risk job. lard Butcher, chairman of Chase Man­ budget deficit, by dealing with other ele­ How do you forecast the economy 12 hattan Bank. Mr. Butcher addresses a ments that could be inflationary. I would months out with any degree of precision number of economic questions and hope labor settlements will be within a band and thereby set interest-rate targets and provides us with some thoughtful and that would not be inflationary. It also monetary targets that will result in a desira­ very perceptive insights. I was particu­ means that we have to add to production fa­ ble mix that won't unduly damage the econ­ larly impressed with Mr. Butcher's cilities to insure we don't run into short ca­ omy? It's a very narrow and tortuous path. pacity. Q. All in all, the U.S. banking system has analysis of the dangers of increasing been taking quite a battering lately, what taxes in an effort to narrow the defi­ Q. Are you saying that if interest rates continue at the 15 percent level and the def­ with Continental Illinois Bank nearly going cit. I share Mr. Butcher's concern that icit remains in the 180-to-200-billion-dollar under; fears about Financial Corporation of such a move would cause a downturn level, the economy will slide into a reces­ America, the savings and loan firm, and in the national economy. As the head sion? Third World debt problems. Can people still of the Nation's third largest bank, Mr. A. I don't know that I see anything that have confidence that their money is safe? Butcher's views should be given care­ dire. What I am saying is: I see an economy A. Oh, yes. I don't think that's really an ful study. I urge my colleagues to give that long term will not sustain interest rates issue. If one looks at statistics relative to thoughtful consideration to Mr. at this level and be a vital economy, that we the system, it is somewhat stronger today Butcher's comments and I insert the risk having a lack of stability. Therefore, than it was a year ago, and considerably we've got to try and attack those things stronger than it was in the mid-'70s. Non­ full text of the U.S. News & World that are causing higher rates. performing loans as a percentage of capital, Report interview at this point in the Q. Would you support a tax increase to or as a percentage of loans outstanding, are RECoRD: narrow the deficit? about half of what they were in the trough WE'VE GoT To ATTACK HIGH INTEREsT RATES A. I don't think that's primarily what got of the recession of the mid-'70s. Q. Mr. Butcher, do you look for today's us into trouble. President Kennedy's taxes Capital itself has begun to increase. Our high interest rates to bring a business slow­ and spending were approximately 19 per­ own capital ratios-a bank's capital meas­ down. as many forecasters expect? cent of gross national product. Even after ured against its loans outstanding-were A. The danger is that we overstay high the famous Reagan tax cuts, taxes are still around 4.8 percent a year and a half ago rates and that this can have a very deleteri- 19 percent of GNP. The trouble is spending and are now very close to 6 percent. 31112 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1981, Q. But isn't the Third World debt problem their traditional funds. The earlier limita­ could replace mechanical components. The still hanging over banks? tions on interest rates applied only to the beauty of this introduction was the high A. I don't want to underestimate the banking system and meant we couldn't com­ degree of transparency-the driver received Third World debt problem, which is proba­ pete for deposits. the same functions as before with no bly the biggest threat to the system. But I What happend was that a Merrill Lynch change in required behavior. Even today, also think we ought to recognize that there or another money fund would pay the fair many drivers are unaware of the existence has been very, very concrete improvement rate, take a skim off the top and turn it over of computers under the hood. in the Third World situation. Since the to a bank. That's a fairly inefficient way of From a modest beginning of 400,000 com­ nadir in the autumn of 1982, we've seen a mobilizing financial resources. puters in 1980, this year Delco plans produc­ strategy put in place among the major play­ Q. Many people feel that banks want you tion of more than 5 million engine control ers to cause readjustment to occur in the only to go to an automatic teller, and if you computers. In addition, plans call for 6.4 less-developed countries, primarily in Latin deposit a check from out of town, you have million radios, 5 million climate controls, 8 America. In Mexico, the progress has really to wait three weeks to get at the money- million voltage regulator modules, 8 million been quite remarkable. Are they out of the A. We've reduced the time for a check to ignition modules, and 12 million barometric woods? No, but they're well along on a path clear, but there's more to be done. On the pressure sensors. through the woods. automation issue, it's no question but that This aggressive production level has Brazil, with fits and starts, is now begin­ we're going to automate. Automatic tellers earned for Kokomo the nickname of Silicon ning to show very positive signs. If you take don't take lunch breaks on Friday between Flats. all of Latin America, the balance-of-trade 12:30 and 1:30. They also tend to be more ac­ HOW DO THEY DO IT? deficit has now moved into surplus. curate. Is that less personal? Yes, it is. but Argentina is the one country that seems many people don't want to pay for personal Making computers involves a series of to be creating most of the problem, but, service. Discount stores grew because people highly complex, precision manufacturing there again, the fundamental economic wouldn't pay. They respond to lower steps-·out Delco seems to do the job with issues are improved. Indeed, they've got prices.e one hand tied behind its back. The process cash in the Federal Reserve Bank of New begins with several parallel tasks for the York that has secured some obligations. first months of a project. These include: cir­ I am surprised that the perceptions of im­ DELCO ELECTRONICS: WORLD cuit design, circuit board design and produc­ provement have not been as real as the im­ CLASS COMPUTER MANUFAC- tion, wafer production, arid software devel­ provement itself. I don't think people ·un­ TURER opment. derstand how these countries have moved Circuit design begins with a team of engi­ into surplus, how they are beginning to neers who create circuits with the aid of so­ meet their debts properly and that progress HON. ELWOOD HIWS phisticated computer-aided engineering has been made. OF INDIANA and computer-aided design Q. Can we expect more bank failures in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES computers which support the engineers' this country on top of the large number need to include various circuits in meaning­ we've already had this year? Tuesday, October 9, 1984 ful relationships to accomplish a given ob­ A. There will always be bank failures. But • Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, as co­ jective. I do not expect to see anything as traumatic chairman of the congressional auto­ Computer-generated designs are plotted as as the Continental issue. large as 6' x 12' on paper for subsequent motive caucus I have become acutely visual checkout. "Some circuit designs rep­ Q. What's behind the rash of failures? aware of the need for our domestic A. Let's fact it, banks get into trouble pri­ resent 10 to 15 man-years of effort in addi­ marily for one reason, and that's bad loans. auto manufacturers to develop and tion to computer support", according to When they reach a crisis, depositors sense it apply the very latest technology to Vince Newsom, CAD supervisor. When ap­ and run out. their product lines. I am inserting into proved, the computer generates a magnetic Now, are there troubled assets in the the RECORD today an article from tape which drives a pattern generator to banking system? Of course. Are our nonper­ "Update," a publication of the Gener­ produce a photo mask for printing circuits forming loans up over the last several years? al Motors Information Systems and on silicon wafers using photolithographic Yes. Why? One reason is obviously the techniques. Communications Activity, which de­ The process reduces the circuits so that Third World debt issue. Another is that we scribes a relatively recent development have some industries that are very, very they may be printed on a 4• or s· diameter in the use of computer technology. Yto· troubled. silicon wafer, in areas as small as Q. Because of the uneven recovery you re­ I am particularly proud that the square. Wafers may be exposed to as many ferred to? Delco plant producing on-board con­ as 12 masks until the desired integrated cir­ A. You bet. Though the losses may not be trol computers for General Motors cuit is achieved on each tiny area. as great as they were, the steel business automobiles is located in my district in After testing, good chips on the wafer are isn't making any money. The nonferrous­ Kokomo, IN. Annual module produc­ placed on lead frames. The frames then metals business hasn't made any money in move to a bonding machine, where very fine tion is over 5 million units, some of gold wires are used to connect each chip to a four years. The airline business's profitabil­ which have life expectancies in excess ity has been extremely sketchy. The oil larger component to make a module. Com­ companies, even the most powerful and best of 10,000 years. pleted modules are enclosed in impact-re­ managed, are earning half of what they Clearly the development of this sistant plastic, making components which were earning three or four years ago. So you technology represents a distinct ad­ are virtually impervious to the outside vancement in the production of Ameri­ world. The proper com­ change. DELCO ELECTRONICS: WoRLD CLASS COMPUTER Clearly, that's going to reflect itself on ponents are later soldered onto a printed­ MANuFACTURER circuit board to make a functional control bank balance sheets. The issue is not wheth­ Is it any coincidence that the city which er there are problems. The issue is whether computer. brought us stainless steel, canned tomato GROWING A CRYSTAL the problems can be dealt with. And I juice, and the gasoline-powered automobile submit they can be. should also be the city which boasts the Chip production begins by melting proc­ Q. Has deregulation by Washington world's most prolific computer maker along essed silicon Caused the banking system to grow too fast, with a talented work force which ensures into a "soup" at 1400 ·c.. into which is intro­ as some critics contend? that the production happens? duced a seed OHIO side with during this year's titanic struggle Congress must grapple in post-industrial over the reauthorization of the hazardous America. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES waste cleanup Superfund. Your organiza­ Power in the Congress was once vested in Tuesday, October 9, 1984 tions, and NPCA in particular, are to be con­ the Committee chairman and in the discipli­ gratulated for the sophisticated and effec­ nary authority of the party leadership. The e Mr. ECKART. Mr. Speaker, I read tive way in which you derailed what seemed post-Watergate "reforms" have dissipated with interest a speech given recently to many of us to be an unstoppable legisla­ the power of the Committee chairman by one of the opponents of the Super­ tive locomotive. among an extraordinary proliferation of fund legislation. Not surprisingly, the Barring any last-minute shenanigans with Subcommittee chairmen, and the party speech expresses satisfaction that the the continuing appropriations resolution, leadership is incapable of punishing mem­ industry opponents and the adminis­ which would invite a Presidential veto, it ap­ bers no longer dependent on the parties for tration have killed Superfund for this pears that the 98th Congress will stagger to financial support. an end without reauthorizing Superfund, a At the same time, the issues with which year. fact for which your industry and mine must the Congress must deal are progressively The speech blames the death of Su­ be extremely grateful. more technical and intractable. For exam­ perfund on the House sponsors of that Had either the House bill, with its $10.2 ple, this year's tax bill was 1,300 pages long, legislation and its supporters. Some­ billion five-year price tag, or the Senate and Jim Florio's initial Superfund reauthor­ one must have forgotten that the measure, with its $7.5 billion revenue target, ization proposal was 122 pages long. The House passed this bill 323-33, and that become law, the international competitive technicality of the issues within their juris­ we have been waiting 2 months for the position of your companies would have been diction has compelled the Subcommittee severely compromised, if not entirely de­ chairman to hire staff experts with highly Senate to act. stroyed. specialized academic training and, frequent­ Those shortsighted industry lobby­ Had the Federal cause of action in the ly, corresponding narrow political perspec­ ists who oppose reauthorization of Su­ House Committee bill become law, my in­ tive. perfund this year, including the insur­ dustry's ability to furnish or price environ­ The result of these phenomena is that the ance industry lobbyist who gave this mental liability insurance protection for any Subcommittee chairman, backed up, in Jim speech, do their own industries a dis­ business handling hazardous substances Florio's case, by a staff of twelve, wield service. Substantial resources must be would have evaporated, and your industry enormous power within the areas of their devoted to cleaning up abandoned haz­ would have faced uninsured legal Habilities jurisdiction, because very few other mem­ that would have made your Superfund tax bers have either the background or the time ardous waste sites and delay only liabilities look like small change. to challenge a Subcommittee chairman on makes the problem more difficult. And had the "victim assistance demon­ matters within his or her expertise. Instead of passing a bill this year stration program" in the Senate bill become When the natural power of a Subcommit­ and giving the EPA the time to gear law, our Nation would have taken the first tee chairman's subject matter jurisdiction up for a massive cleanup effort, we step toward a gigantic national health and and expertise is combined with fierce per­ will now be forced to pass legislation disability income entitlement program fi­ sonal and staff partisanship and allied with next year without the lead time for nanced solely by our vital chemical and oil a potent private sector lobby, the combina­ EPA. Not only have we lost a year of industries. tion becomes a juggernaut. The Subcommit­ What all of us dodged in the collapse of tee staff, the sole point of leverage on the planning for cleannup, we have lost the Superfund reauthorization effort this substantive aspects of the legislation, can additional time in fiscal year 1986 year was not a bullet, but a thermonuclear afford to heed or ignore those with whom it while EPA figures out how to respond bomb. Had that bomb gone off, two of our disagrees at its whim. · to the legislation. Every day of delay Nation's most competitive industries would And so it was that H.R. 4813 was born, the only increases the cost of cleanup, and have been crippled, an entire line of insur­ product of the collective fantasies of the most of the cost will eventually be ance would have disappeared, and funds envrionmental movement, Ralph Nader's borne by industry. desperately needed for hazardous waste Congress Watch, and the bureaucratic activ­ The speech accuses the House spon­ cleanup would have been siphoned off into a ists at the Justice Department and EPA, thoughtless entitlement program with incal­ wholly unleavened by what we would call sors of the Superfund bill of "over­ culable future costs. fairness, practicability, or, ultimately, politi­ weening pride." As a sponsor of this How did we come so close to being obliter­ cal reality. bipartisan bill I can assure my fellow ated? Did we win this year's fight, or did the H.R. 4813, to my mind, the apothesosis of Members that it was not pride that other side lose it? Are there lessons we can what I have come to call the "legislation by pushed this bill forward; it was con­ learn from this year's struggle that will help attrition" approach to public policy. It was cern for the environmental threat us next year? These are the questions that I so breathtaking in scope, so punitive in its 31114 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 approach to every aspect of hazardous In the offices of Judiciary Committee That brings me to my final question: Are waste management, so egregiously conclu­ members and staff, majority and minority there lessons we can learn from this year's sive on matters of inherent scientific uncer­ alike, the news that the Committee's re­ struggle that will help us next year? Clearly tainty, as to be nearly laughable as a serious quest for an opportunity to review and com­ there are such lessons, and others' lists may expression of Congressional policy. ment on-not amend-the bill had been re­ be longer than, or different from, mine, But its advocates were deadly serious, and jected set off a reaction whose fury was to­ which is as follows: the prospect of the bill's adoption so terri­ tally unanticipated by the bill's proponents. First, do not underestimate the essential fied those who would be subject to it as to Every issue the bill raised that was within decency and fair-mindedness of most Mem­ first immobilize them in disbelief and then the Committee's jurisdiction was carefully bers of Congresss. What stands out in the to create among them a feeling approaching researched, members were briefed and entire debate on H.R. 5640, both on funding relief when a measure only marginally less armed with written arguments. issues and on the cause of action, is that draconian was substituted for it. Then the members of both these Commit­ many members, notwithstanding the exper­ And so it was, when H.R. 4813 was reject­ tees, like the good politicians they are, tise and arguments of the bill's sponsors, ed by Florio's own Subcommittee, that H.R. waited quietly for the opportunity, not to simply didn't think· that the bill was fair. 5640 was born. It was, by any objective get mad, but to get even. This fact suggests to me the future impor­ standard, a terrible bill, but in comparison Meanwhile, the proponents of H.R. 5640 tance of straightforward equitable consider­ to its predecessor, it seemed almost benign, committed yet another act of blind folly­ ations in the reauthorization of Superfund, and, for a while, had the same numbing they demanded and obtained from the and the power that instincts of fair play can effect on its opponents. It easily cleared Rules Committee the right to hitch the Su­ exercise over cynical legal formulations Subcommittee, breezed largely unscathed perfund bill to another environmental meas­ aimed only at tapping the deepest pocket. through a vaguely unsettled Commerce ure-the RCRA reauthorization bill-al­ Second, never underestimate the capacity Committee, and seemed well on its way ready passed by both bodies and awaiting of the other side to screw up as badly as you toward its carefully scheduled enactment. conference. This move, clearly aimed at cut­ do. I think a lot of us in the private sector From there it went downhill, for good ting the more deliberate Senate committees thought that Jim Florio and the environ­ reason. entirely out of the Superfund reauthoriza­ mentalists at the University of California at were read by a large number of Members tirely unilateral, and consisted only of what­ Berkeley, came to the United States in 1969 and their staffs, and served to heighten con­ ever crumbs the bill's advocates decided from Hong Kong. He finished first in his cern about the issues we addressed. would be thrown in the direction of its crit­ high school class and now is studying medi­ As a former Hill staffer myself, I know ics. To my knowledge, there was not a single cine at the University of California at San the value to staff of having written materi­ instance in which persons representing both Franscisco. als in legislative files, particularly when the sides of a given issue were parties to a "com­ Both Mr. Luu and Mr. Cheung arrived in bill involved does not originate in the Mem­ promise." this country with little money, but rich in ber's committees. mtimately, of course, this strategy back­ spirit and determination. Beyond the schol­ The lesson here is that letters to every fired, and what should have taken place in arships they won and their own efforts to Member's office can and do make a differ­ the orderly environment of the relevant work their way through college, they both ence, particulary among those Members committee markups took place in the chaos required additional financial assistance in who are unfamiliar with the issues involved. of floor debate. The net result of a calculat­ the form of Pell Grants, the major Federal We should make sure that we articulate our ed attempt to subvert the democratic proc­ program for needy college students. concerns in writing next year. ess was the triumph of that process. Equally Where would Christopher Luu and David The same holds for visits with Legislative important, those who were the early victims Cheung be today without this essential aid? Assistants. This is a time-honored function of this cynical ploy are unlikely to forget The question is a matter of indifference to of the lobbyist, and one of the most impor­ the arrogance of its architects. the Reagan Administration, which proposed tant. These visits open avenues of communi­ Superfund will be reauthorized next year, in 1982 to cut the $2.6 billion Pell Grant cation that can become vital two-way and it is profoundly to be hoped that the program by $1 billion. The educational aspi­ streets, providing feedback on the impact of lessons of this year's struggle will be learned rations of 2.8 million students nationwide the message, and revealing weaknesses in its well by all the parties involved. The goal who depend on Pell Grants-both those argumentation. these parties have in common-the prompt headed for graduate and professional Sixth, even the loosest of coalitions is cleanup of hazardous wastes-makes it im­ schools and those just struggling to get col­ better than none at all. Unlike our adversar­ perative that we work together, not at cross­ lege degrees so that they can become pro­ ies, who had a single, well-defined, close­ purposes to achieve it.e ductive citizens in the workforce-are clear­ knit coalition with clear assignments of re­ ly not a priority of this Administration. sponsibility, the business community had no EROSION OF THE PELL GRANT The Reagan Administration seems intent formal structure whatsoever within which on reversing 50 years of social and educa­ to organize its opposition to H.R. 5640. This tional progress by transferring resources was partly a function of the fact that the HON. WILLIAM D. FORD from the poor, working-class and middle­ bill gave every industry something different OF MICHIGAN class people to the rich and affluent. The to dislike about it, and a reflection of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES result is that the children of poor, working­ different priorities each business sector nec­ class and middle-class Americans, whose essarily developed. Tuesday, October 9, 1984 most effective road for upward mobility has Nevertheless, like players in the floating e Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speak­ been access to higher education, are seeing crap game in "Guys and Dolls," we managed er. In the New York Times of Satur­ opportunities destroyed by skyrocketing tui­ to get together in someone's garage often day, October 6, an excellent article by tion and living costs. College education, a enough to trade important information and Chancellor Joseph S. Murphy of the dream for many, often is an economic night­ argumentation, even if the roster of atten­ mare: students are faced with the choice of dees was never the same! City University of New York appeared. dropping out of college or assuming crip­ The lesson here, I think, is that the ab­ This article presents some very grati­ pling debts. sence of a formal structure for our coalition fying case studies of young people who These men and women cannot hope to made no real difference in our capacity to have been able to succeed because of make it through college without Pell work together. Indeed, the creation of such the educational opportunities made Grants. Three-fourths of Pell recipients a structure would have enabled the other available to them particularly through come from families with incomes below side to focus its energies on overcoming a Federal student financial aid programs $15,000. More than 40 percent are self-sup­ single "devil," when it was better for us for such as the Pell grant. This article porting. About one-third are members of mi­ them to dissipate those energies in swatting norities. Approximately two-thirds attend at the mosquitoes we were. But we should also documents the erosion in the pur­ public two- and four-year colleges and one­ start the crap game earlier this year, since chasing power of the Pell grant and third attend private colleges and technical we now know, more or less, who the players the urgency of reversing tha~ trend. I schools. are. commend the article to the attention Thus far, the intervention of Congress has Finally, trust in the political process. One of my colleagues. I would also like to rescued the Pell Grant program from the of the clear lessons of this year's fight is congratulate Chancellor Murphy and onslaughts of the Administration. Nonthe­ that those who abuse the political process the other members of the National less, the effectiveness of the program has end up being beaten by it. Pell Grant Coalition who succeeded in been seriously eroded. In 1979, Pell Grants It is one thing to be a strong partisan of a covered 46 percent of college expenses; political objective; it is quite another to persuading the Appropriations Com­ today, only about 31 percent. expect to achieve that objective by short­ mittees to provide sufficient funds for More than 20 national educational asso­ circuiting the legislative process. From the a maximum Pell grant of $2,100 cover­ ciations, teachers' organizations, and civic, very beginning, the 1984 Superfund reau- ing up to 60 percent of educational religious and community groups have 31116 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 9, 1984 formed the National Pell Grant Coalition to this fall. the coalition is on the threshold of tion•s unique ability to elevate capable, try to restore the dwindling purchasing gaining significant improvements in the pro­ power of the grants. Currently, the maxi­ gram. hard-working and ambitious Americans to mum Pell Grant is $1,900, or 50 percent of The parallel cases of Christopher Luu and their fullest potential as productive citizens. college expenses. whichever is lower. The The legacy of that policy will be a heritage David Cheung demonstrate important con­ of shame. coalition's proposal to raise the maximum siderations. To deny support to education is grant to $2.100 or 60 percent of covered to place the aspirations of our nation's With the help of thoughtful and con­ costs was adopted by the House of Repre­ young people in jeopardy. Curtailing the cerned Americans. however, we can assure a sentatives early this summer. With the Pen Grant program will achieve one disas­ more promising future for those eager to re­ Senate about to act on similar legislation trous result. It will mean the end of educa- alize this nation's promise.e