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ORDER of CHRIST and the AGE of DISCOVERY Barbara Juršič OSMTH Slovenia [email protected] VK202101VIIICC04
VITEŠKA KULTURA, god. VIII (2021) CHIVALROUS CULTURE ISSN 2335-0067 ORDER OF CHRIST AND THE AGE OF DISCOVERY Barbara Juršič OSMTH Slovenia [email protected] VK202101VIIICC04 Abstract — Following the abolition of the Order of Templars, Order of Christ, along with the land between the towns of Portuguese king D. Dinis's envoys helped persuade Pope John Santarém and Tomar, including the fortified castle of Almourol, XXII to re-establish the Order in Portugal in 1319 with the Papal which to this day reigns in the middle of Portugal, symbolically bull under the new name Order of Christ, which continued in the middle between the country's north and southern part. nurturing Templar ideals and values. The Order played a vital After the Muslims conquered the holy city in 1291, Templars role in solidification of Portugal statehood and exile of »Islam« from the Pyrenees, and with the danger over, dedicated its efforts, settled down in Europe and found themselves with strong and particularly with the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, to mighty opponents such as king of France Philip IV and Pope discoveries of new, previously unexplored worlds. Not only Clement V who orchestrated the prosecution and abolishment discoveries of new territories, but also new developments in of the Templars. Besides being deeply indebted with the science culture and knowledge of the human linked to them, which Templars, King Philip IV also wanted to come into possession marked the tipping point from the medieval understanding into a of their mythic treasure that went on to disappear mysteriously. modern, renaissance perception of a man and humanity in Another legend that added to the mystification and hatred of general. -
6. Revitalização Do Castelo De Almourol
Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. REVITALIZAÇÃO DO CASTELO DE ALMOUROL Os castelos são parte da cultura e história do local onde se encontram inseridos, constituindo um grande simbolismo para o povo. O nosso país é detentor de um vasto e riquíssimo património arquitetónico que enobrece os nossos antepassados e constitui um legado que é imperioso preservar. O Castelo de Almourol é um monumento emblemático do Médio Tejo, uma das sete maravilhas de Portugal, que marca o imaginário da Reconquista, classificado como Monumento Nacional. Símbolo da Engenharia Militar Portuguesa, é designado Prédio Militar nº8, estando sob a responsabilidade do Ministério da Defesa Nacional e à guarda Exército. A imagem exterior, imponente, do castelo de Almourol contrasta, infelizmente, com o interior das suas muralhas. Trata-se de um local que, excetuando a grandiosa vista do alto da sua torre de menagem, ilustrada na figura 119, é totalmente privado de qualquer atração que possa impulsionar um visitante a fazer a travessia do rio Tejo para passar uns momentos agradáveis na ilha de Almourol e no interior do seu castelo. Figura 119. Vista do alto da torre de menagem do castelo de Almourol. É triste o vazio do interior do castelo de Almourol (figura 120), com os espaços que outrora foram muito movimentados e atualmente permanecem sem qualquer tipo de atividade que poderia revitalizar e dar vida a um dos mais belos monumentos do nosso país. 136 Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ Neste capítulo apresenta-se alguns exemplos de atividades culturais, etnográficas e desportivas, realizadas nos castelos de Portugal propondo a sua eventual realização de algumas no castelo de Almourol incluindo-o, assim, nos roteiros turísticos. -
Ebook As Diasporas Dos Judeus E Cristaos.Pdf
As Diásporas dos Judeus e Cristãos- -Novos de Origem Ibérica entre o Mar Mediterrâneo e o Oceano Atlântico. Estudos ORGANIZAÇÃO : José Alberto R. Silva Tavim Hugo Martins Ana Pereira Ferreira Ângela Sofia Benoliel Coutinho Miguel Andrade Lisboa Centro de História da Universidade de Lisboa 2020 Título As Diásporas dos Judeus e Cristãos-Novos de Origem Ibérica entre o Mar Mediterrâneo e o Oceano Atlântico. Estudos Organização José Alberto R. Silva Tavim, Hugo Martins, Ana Pereira Ferreira, Ângela Sofia Benoliel Coutinho e Miguel Andrade Revisão André Morgado Comissão científica Ana Isabel Lopez-Salazar Codes (U. Complutense de Madrid), Anat Falbel (U. Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Ângela Domingues (U. Lisboa), Beatriz Kushnir (Directora, Arq. Geral da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro), Blanca de Lima (U. Francisco de Miranda, Coro; Acad. Nac. de la Historia-Capítulo Falcón, Venezuela), Claude B. Stuczynski (Bar-Ilan U.), Cynthia Michelle Seton-Rogers (U. of Texas-Dallas), Daniel Strum (U. São Paulo), Daniela Levy (U. São Paulo), Edite Alberto (Dep. Património Cultural/C. M. Lisboa; CHAM, FCSH-UNL), Elvira Azevedo Mea (U. Porto), Eugénia Rodrigues (U. Lisboa), Hernán Matzkevich (U. Purdue), Joelle Rachel Rouchou (Fund. Casa de Rui Barbosa, Rio de Janeiro), Jorun Poettering (Harvard U.), Maria Augusta Lima Cruz (ICS-U. do Minho; CHAM, FCSH, UNL), Maria Manuel Torrão (U. Lisboa), Moisés Orfali (Bar-Ilan U.), Nancy Rozenchan (U. de São Paulo), Palmira Fontes da Costa (U. Nova de Lisboa), Timothy D. Walker (U. Massachusetts Dartmouth) e Zelinda Cohen (Inst. do Património Cultural, Cabo Verde) Capa Belmonte, com Sinagoga Bet Eliahu. Fotografia de José Alberto R. -
2. Caracterização Arquitetónica
Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. CARACTERIZAÇÃO ARQUITETÓNICA 2.1. O Castelo de Almourol – construção, restauros e funções. Quando os templários estavam a concluir a construção do castelo de Tomar, decorria o ano de 1169, receberam a doação dos castelos de Cardiga e de Zêzere. Foi na fronteira sul destes novos domínios, no âmbito territorial do castelo do Zêzere, que os templários decidiram erguer o Castelo de Almourol. A ordem militar ficava, assim, na posse de um vastíssimo domínio, com uma implantação estratégica notável, que lhes permitia controlar os caminhos que se dirigiam de Leste para Santarém acompanhando a margem norte do Rio Tejo, uma vasta área do vale do Tejo e também a via que atravessava o Rio Tejo em Punhete, atual Constância, e se dirigia até Coimbra. Era, na época, uma das estradas medievais mais trilhadas. Todas estas circunstâncias davam sentido à localização e construção da nova estrutura militar. Figura 1. Vista do Castelo de Almourol. 7 Revitalização do Castelo de Almourol ______________________________________________________________________________ O castelo de Almourol terá sido erguido no local de um primitivo castro lusitano conquistado pelos romanos no séc. I a.C. e remodelado segundo a técnica castrense ocupado sucessivamente pelos Alanos, Visigodos e Mouros. Em escavações efetuadas no interior e exterior do castelo foram encontrados vários vestígios da presença romana (moedas, uma inscrição num cipo, e restos de alicerces em opus romano) e do período medieval (medalhas, 2 colunelos de mármore). A bibliografia consultada aponta para construções anteriores ao castelo de Almourol durante o século II a.C. Quando em 1129 as tropas portuguesas conquistaram este ponto estratégico do país, o Castelo já existia com a denominação Almorolan, sendo entregue aos templários quando da reconquista por D. -
The Portuguese Inquisition, a Inquisição Portuguesa, The
THE PORTUGUESE INQUISITION, The Portuguese Inquisition remains THE PORTUGUESE INQUISITION The case of Maria Lopes, burned at the stake in 1576 largely obscure. This book provides A INQUISIÇÃO PORTUGUESA, context and presents the tragic case of O caso de Maria Lopes, queimada na fogueira em 1576 !"#$"%&'()*+%,-)%.#*,%/'0"1%2#'0% the Azores burned at the stake. Ladinabooks NONFICTION Cover image by Kriszta Hernadi Porto, Portugal ISBN 978-0-9919946-0-1 Ladinabooks 90000 > Porto, Portugal www.ladinabooks.com www.ladinabooks.blogspot.ca [email protected] 9 780991 994601 Manuel Azevedo Fernanda Guimarães IV THE PORTUGUESE INQUISITION A INQUISIÇÃO PORTUGUESA Ladinabooks I 3$#*,%(456$*-)7%$1%89:;+%.#*,%(#$1,$1< =66%#$<-,*%#)*)#>)7%)?@)(,%2'#%,-)%A4',",$'1%'2%*-'#,%("**"<)*%2'#%,-)% (4#('*)*%'2%*,47B+%@#$,$@$*0%'#%#)>$)/C D'(B#$<-,%E%89:;%!"14)6%=F)>)7'%"17%3)#1"17"%G4$0"#H)* Ladinabooks I'#,'+%I'#,4<"6 ///C6"7$1"5''J*C@'0%% ///C6"7$1"5''J*C56'<*(',C@" 6"7$1"5''J*K<0"$6C@'0 3#'1,%@'>)#%"#,$*,L%M#$*F,"%N)#1"7$ D'>)#%7)*$<1%"17%,)?,%6"B'4,L%O"1B"%P"1,-'4#1'4, O#"1*6",'#*L%!"14)6%=F)>)7'+%=7)6$1"%I)#)$#"+%Q'H'%R)6<"7' I'#,4<4)*)%,#"1*@#$5)#L%3)#1"17"%G4$0"#H)* S7$,'#L%!"14)6%=F)>)7' Printed and bound in Canada ISBN 9780991994601 (pbk) 9780991994618 (ebook) 3'#,-@'0$1<%2#'0%&"7$1"5''J*L% The Portuguese Inquisition, the case of 12 yearold Violante Francesa, 1606. -
Annual Report 1938
THE LONDON COMMITTEE OF DEPUTIES OF THE BRITISH JEWS (FOUNDED IN 1760) GENERALLY KNOWN AS THE BOARD OF DEPUTIES OF BRITISH JEWS ANNUAL REPORT 1938 3 e o . -?-z & WOBURN HOUSE UPPER WOBURN PLACE LONDON, W.C.I 1939 3* 0. V2. £ FORM OF BEQUEST I bequeath to the LONDON COMMITTEE OF DEPUTIES OF THE BRITISH JEWS (generally known as the Board of Deputies of British Jews) the sum of £ free of duty, to be applied to the general purposes of the said Board and the receipt of the Treasurer for the time being of the said Board shall be a sufficient discharge for the same. • * CONTENTS PAGE List of Officers of the Board 4 List of former Presidents ... ... ... ... 5 Alphabetical List of Deputies ... ... ... ... & List of Congregations and Institutions represented on the Board 18 Committees ... ... ... ... ... ... ••• 25 Annual Report—Introduction ... ... ... ... 29 Law, Parliamentary and General Purposes Committee 34 Aliens Committee ... ... ... ... 44 Education Committee ... ... ... ... ... 46 Finance Committee ... ... ... ... ... 47 Foreign Appeals Committee ... ... ... 48 Palestine Committee ... ... ... ... ... 49 Shechita Committee ... ... ... ... ... 52 ־... ... ... Jewish Defence Committee -!53 Joint Foreign Committee ••• ••• 56 Accounts ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 73 Secretaries for Marriages ... ... ... ... 79 «MRY 10 1939 AMERICAN. COMJMttl _ LIBRARY Officers of ffje President: NEVILLE J. LASKI, K.C. Vice-Presidents : SIR ROBERT WALEY COHEN, K.B.E. Br. ISRAEL FELDMAN. Treasurer : M. GORDON LIVERMAN, J.P. Hon. Auditors : M. CASH. JOSEPH MELLER, O.B.E. Solicitor : CHARLES H. L. EMANUEL, M.A. Auditors : Messrs. JEFFREYS, HENRY, MARKS & DIAMOND Secretary : A. G. BROTMAN, B.Sc. All Communications should be addressed to THE SECRETARY at :— Woburn House, Upper Woburn Place, London, W.C.I. -
Secret of Knights Templar.Pdf
Concept Discover the secrets of the most mysterious and powerful knightly order of the Middle Ages; The Knights Templar. From the rise of their heavenly power through their fall within the ames of diabolism. From to the traditions of their supposed secret survival and their ocial legacies bridging the Holy Land and the European continent. Summary Templar knights in their distinctive white mantles with a red cross, brave in the face of death rather than eeing from the enemy, ghting for Christ and the Pope in the Holy Land during the Crusades. This documentary series aims at reconstructing, for the rst time, in a complete fashion the evolution of the knights belonging to the Order of Solomon’s Temple, whose original goal was to protect pilgrims during their travels to Jerusalem after the victory of the Crusaders at the First Crusade. The Knights Templar grew in power and wealth becoming the earliest banking institution of the Middle Age. They were so rich that they nanced the King of France and benetted from a direct and exclusive link with the Pope. Through three episodes of 45 minutes each, you will discover the developments that led the Templars to extreme power and subsequently to becoming the target of an unprecedented campaign of hatred aiming to place them beyond the boundaries of humanity itself through inexpressible accusations of diabolism and monstrosity. Within two centuries, they were tortured, killed, burnt at the stake and completely extinct. The secrets and mysteries of their rise and fall will be attentively reconstructed by an accurate recourse to historical records which will also lead you through a time voyage in the period following the destruction of the Order. -
Sophia Services Presents
Sophia Services presents ... In Further Search of with Sarnia Guiton, João Fiandeiro Santos Knights Templar in Portugal and Peter Moore April 13—27, 2019 The Knights Templar are well known for their activities in Jerusalem and the Holy Land in the Middle Ages following the First Crusade. Their demise in 1307 is also well known. What is not so well known is the belief that their activities in Portugal, working with Bernard of Clairvaux and Portuguese Templar Kings over several generations, formed a Kingdom of Conscience with laws that are echoed in Rudolf Steiner’s Threefold Social Order. Their history is profound in Portugal and we will visit some major sites in the country. Our guides are deeply knowledgeable about the Templars and their history. (www.templarknights.eu) Some who came on the original tour wish to explore further. Itinerary Sat Apr 13 Arrival in Lisbon – Transfer to Sintra. Accommodation: Hotel Quinta das Murtas B & B (2 nights) Sun Apr 14 Tour of Lisbon – Belém: Jerónimos Monastery: where many ancient Portuguese explorers sought shelter and the final resting place of Vasco da Gama. Belém Tower: built in the 16th century as a fort to protect the coast from foreign attack. Monument to the Discoveries built in the 20th Century to honour the Portuguese explorers whose expertise came from the successors to the Knights Templar, the Order of Christ. City of Lisbon: Lisbon Story Centre. São Jorge Castle: A Moorish castle on a commanding hilltop overlooking the historic centre of the city and the Tagus River. The taking of Lisbon from the Moors led by the Knights Templar began the eventual reconquest of Islamic Portugal and Spain by the Christians. -
In the Heart of Portugal
In the Heart of Portugal ABOUT In the Heart of Portugal Come and discover the “heart of Portugal” - following routes that we’ve prepared for you. Over the centuries, this zone - the cradle of Portuguese identity – has served as a vital cultural crossroads and the setting for key historical facts. We propose four itineraries, that include three of Portugal’s most important monuments classified as world Heritage sites by UNESCO – the Monastery of Alcobaça, The Convent of Christ and the Monastery of Batalha. Linked to key episodes in Portuguese history, these exquisite monuments combine various architectural styles. The oldest, the Monastery of Alcobaça was founded by Portugal’s first king, and pertained to the Order of Cistercians, which played an essential role in Portugal’s agricultural and cultural development. The Convent of Christ - where one still senses the mystique of the Knights Templar - is located next to the castle built in 1160 by the Military Order, that chose Tomar as the bastion for defence and expansion of the territory conquered from the Moors. The Monastery of Batalha - a masterpiece of late Gothic architecture - pays testimony to affirmation of Portuguese independence against the powerful Kingdom of Castille. But there’s far more to discover in this region. The “Treasure of the Templars” route is the ideal itinerary for those who enjoy chivalric romances. Starting in Tomar, a sacred geographical centre for the Knights Templar, this itinerary will introduce you to their symbols– in the Church of Santa Maria do Olival, where initiation ceremonies were held, or the Round Church of the Convent of Christ where the knights used to hear mass. -
Museums, Monuments and Sites
Accommodation Alentejo Castro Verde Hotel A Esteva Hotel accommodation / Hotel / *** Address: Rua das Orquídeas,17780-000 Castro Verde Telephone: +351 286320110/8 Fax: +351 286320119 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.aesteva.pt Estremoz Pousada Rainha Santa Isabel Hotel accommodation / Pousada Address: Largo D. Dinis - Apartado 88 7100-509 Estremoz Telephone: +351 268 332 075 Fax: +351 268 332 079 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.pousadas.pt Évora Casa de SãoTiago Vitória Stone Hotel Tourism in a Manor House Hotel accommodation / Hotel / *** Address: Largo Alexandre Herculano, 2 - 7000 - 501 Address: Rua Diana de Liz, 5 7005-413 Évora ÉVORA Telephone: +351 266 707 174 Fax: +351 266 700 974 Telephone: 266702686 Fax: 226000357 E-mail: lui.cabeç[email protected] Website: http://www.albergariavitoria.com Golegã Casa do Adro da Golegã Tourism in the Country / Country Houses Address: Largo da Imaculada Conceição, 582150-125 Golegã Telephone: +351 96 679 83 32 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.casadoadrodagolega.pt 2013 Turismo de Portugal. All rights reserved. 1/232 [email protected] Grândola Santa Barbara dos Mineiros Hotel Rural Tourism in the Country / Rural Hotels Address: Aldeia Mineira do Lousal - Av. Frédéric Vélge 7570-006 Lousal Telephone: +351 269 508 630 Fax: +351 269 508 638 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.hotelruralsantabarbara.com Portalegre Rossio Hotel Hotel accommodation / Hotel / **** Address: Rua 31 de Janeiro nº 6 7300-211 Portalegre -
Compras Fado Tours
Leisure | Ocio | Lazer | Loisir WINERIES | BODEGAS| PRODUTORES DE VINHO |CHAIS 10% RENT A BIKE VIEGUINI BIKES & SCOOTERS RENTAL 20% TOMAZ DO DOURO Pç. Ribeira, 5 T. +351 222 081 935 2G P 10% MARINHO’S R. Alegria, 695 4H CHOCOLATES | CHOCOLATS R. Nova da Alfandega, T. +351 914 306 838 2G 20% 2G P 10% 3G 40% Nov-Mar; 10% Apr-Oct | Abr-Out | Avr-Oct QUINTA DO SEIXO Tabuaço, TURISDOURO R. Canastreiros, 40-42 T. +351 222 006 418 O CAÇULA Praça Carlos Alberto, 473 10% CHOCOLATARIA EQUADOR R. Sá Bandeira, 637 3H | R. Flores 298 2G 10% RENT A SCOOTER VIEGUINI BIKES & SCOOTERS RENTAL 10% 3G MUSEUMS AND MONUMENTS | MUSEOS Y MONUMENTOS | Valença do Douro Reservar visita | book visit | reserver visite - [email protected] O CÃO QUE FUMA R. Almada, 405 5% Bonbons / Sweets, sugar almonds | bombones, almendras de azúcar | bombons, R. Nova da Alfandega,7 T. +351 914 306 838 2G CRUISE | CRUCERO | CRUZEIRO | CROISIÈRE - DOURO MUSEUS E MONUMENTOS | MUSÉES ET MONUMENTS T. +351 254 732 800 Visita à adega | Visita a la bodega | Visit to the winery | Visite au chai 10% O ESCONDIDINHO R. Passos Manuel, 152 3H amêndoas | bombons, amandes couvertes de sucre CONFEITARIA ARCÁDIA 10% THE GETAWAY VAN Lowcost Motorhome rental, includes airport transfer | Alquiler de 20% ROTA DO DOURO Av. Diogo Leite, 438 | V.N. Gaia T. +351 223 759 042 D 1 FREE Gratis | Grátis | Gratuit ARQUEOSSÍTIO R. D. Hugo, 5 2G 10% QUINTA DE SANTA CRISTINA R. Santa Cristina, 80 Veade, Celorico de Basto 10% Cash | dinero | dinheiro | espèces 5% Card | tarjeta | cartão | carte R. -
Accommodation
Accommodation Porto and the North Braga Sé Inn Suites Sé Inn Suites Local accommodation Local accommodation Address: Rua Rua Dom Gualdim Pais, 6/8 2º Address: Rua Rua Dom Gualdim Pais, 6/8 1º FRENTE4700-423 Braga FRENTE4700-423 Braga Telephone: +351 253 045 718 Telephone: +351 253 045 718 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Sé Inn Suites Local accommodation Address: RUA DOM GUALDIM PAIS, 6 E 8, 4700-423 BRAGA Telephone: +351 911 932 409 / +351 253 045718 E-mail: [email protected] 2013 Turismo de Portugal. All rights reserved. 1/161 [email protected] Activities Centro de Portugal Guarda Wildlife Portugal Address: Rua Bento Menni, 126300-520 Guarda Telephone: +351 966 314 429 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.wildlifeportugal.pt 2013 Turismo de Portugal. All rights reserved. 2/161 [email protected] Museums, Monuments and Sites Casa Museu Miguel Torga Centro Português do Surrealismo Address: Praceta Fernando Pesssoa, nº 33030 Coimbra Address: Praça D. Maria II4760-111 Vila Nova de Telephone: +351 239 781 345 Famalicão Telephone: +351 252 301 650 Fax: +351 252 301 669 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.turism odecoimbra.pt/company/casa-museu-miguel-torga/ E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.cupertino.pt/ Timetable: ; Other informations: Characteristics and Services: Monday to Friday: 10:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. and 2:00 p.m. to Guided Tours; 6:00 p.m. Accessibility: Saturdays and holidays: 14h00 - 18h00 (during the period of Disabled access; Reserved parking spaces; Accessible route to temporary exhibitions) the entrance: Total; Accessible entrance: Partial; Reception area Closed on Sundays, weekends, August and on January 1; Good suitable for people with special needs; Accessible areas/services: friday; 1st May; August 15th; 8, 24 and 25 December.