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Understanding Afghanistan
Understanding Afghanistan: The Importance of Tribal Culture and Structure in Security and Governance By Shahmahmood Miakhel US Institute of Peace, Chief of Party in Afghanistan Updated November 20091 “Over the centuries, trying to understand the Afghans and their country was turned into a fine art and a game of power politics by the Persians, the Mongols, the British, the Soviets and most recently the Pakistanis. But no outsider has ever conquered them or claimed their soul.”2 “Playing chess by telegraph may succeed, but making war and planning a campaign on the Helmand from the cool shades of breezy Shimla (in India) is an experiment which will not, I hope, be repeated”.3 Synopsis: Afghanistan is widely considered ungovernable. But it was peaceful and thriving during the reign of King Zahir Shah (1933-1973). And while never held under the sway of a strong central government, the culture has developed well-established codes of conduct. Shuras (councils) and Jirgas (meeting of elders) appointed through the consensus of the populace are formed to resolve conflicts. Key to success in Afghanistan is understanding the Afghan mindset. That means understanding their culture and engaging the Afghans with respect to the system of governance that has worked for them in the past. A successful outcome in Afghanistan requires balancing tribal, religious and government structures. This paper outlines 1) the traditional cultural terminology and philosophy for codes of conduct, 2) gives examples of the complex district structure, 3) explains the role of councils, Jirgas and religious leaders in governing and 4) provides a critical overview of the current central governmental structure. -
Making Sense of Daesh in Afghanistan: a Social Movement Perspective
\ WORKING PAPER 6\ 2017 Making sense of Daesh in Afghanistan: A social movement perspective Katja Mielke \ BICC Nick Miszak \ TLO Joint publication by \ WORKING PAPER 6 \ 2017 MAKING SENSE OF DAESH IN AFGHANISTAN: A SOCIAL MOVEMENT PERSPECTIVE \ K. MIELKE & N. MISZAK SUMMARY So-called Islamic State (IS or Daesh) in Iraq and Syria is widely interpreted as a terrorist phenomenon. The proclamation in late January 2015 of a Wilayat Kho- rasan, which includes Afghanistan and Pakistan, as an IS branch is commonly interpreted as a manifestation of Daesh's global ambition to erect an Islamic caliphate. Its expansion implies hierarchical order, command structures and financial flows as well as a transnational mobility of fighters, arms and recruits between Syria and Iraq, on the one hand, and Afghanistan–Pakistan, on the other. In this Working Paper, we take a (new) social movement perspective to investigate the processes and underlying dynamics of Daesh’s emergence in different parts of the country. By employing social movement concepts, such as opportunity structures, coalition-building, resource mobilization and framing, we disentangle the different types of resource mobilization and long-term conflicts that have merged into the phenomenon of Daesh in Afghanistan. In dialogue with other approaches to terrorism studies as well as peace, civil war and security studies, our analysis focuses on relations and interactions among various actors in the Afghan-Pakistan region and their translocal networks. The insight builds on a ten-month fieldwork-based research project conducted in four regions—east, west, north-east and north Afghanistan—during 2016. We find that Daesh in Afghanistan is a context-specific phenomenon that manifests differently in the various regions across the country and is embedded in a long- term transformation of the religious, cultural and political landscape in the cross-border region of Afghanistan–Pakistan. -
Evaluation of “Sustainable Livelihood Programme Through Community Mobilization and Establishing Knowledge Resource Centre in Mazar-E-Sharif” Final Report
2013:39 Sida Decentralised Evaluation Sarah Gray Elisabeth Montgomery Evaluation of “Sustainable Livelihood Programme through Community Mobilization and Establishing Knowledge Resource Centre in Mazar-e-Sharif” Final Report Evaluation of “Sustainable Livelihood Programme through Community Mobilization and Establishing Knowledge Resource Centre in Mazar-e-Sharif ” Final Report December 2013 Sarah Gray Elisabeth Montgomery Sida Decentralised Evaluation 2013:39 Sida Authors: Sarah Gray and Elisabeth Montgomery The views and interpretations expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. Sida Decentralised Evaluation 2013:39 Commissioned by Sida - Afghanistan Unit Copyright: Sida and the authors Date of final report: December 2013 Published by Citat 2013 Art. no. Sida61667en urn:nbn:se:sida-61667en This publication can be downloaded from: http://www.sida.se/publications SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY Address: S-105 25 Stockholm, Sweden. Office: Valhallavägen 199, Stockholm Telephone: +46 (0)8-698 50 00. Telefax: +46 (0)8-20 88 64 E-mail: [email protected]. Homepage: http://www.sida.se SIPU International –Final Evaluation Report Acronyms, Abbreviations and Local Terms AMA Association of Microfinance Agencies AREDP Afghanistan Rural Enterprise Development Programme CDC Community Development Council CIA Conflict Impact Assessment EIF Enterprise Incubation Fund DDH District Development Hub FGD Focus Group Discussion GDP Gross Domestic -
Afghanistan: Annual Report 2014
AFGHANISTAN ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN ARMED CONFLICT © 2014/Ihsanullah Mahjoor/Associated Press United Nations Assistance Mission United Nations Office of the High in Afghanistan Commissioner for Human Rights Kabul, Afghanistan February 2015 Kabul, Afghanistan July 2014 Source: UNAMA GIS January 2012 AFGHANISTAN ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN ARMED CONFLICT United Nations Assistance Mission United Nations Office of the High in Afghanistan Commissioner for Human Rights Kabul, Afghanistan February 2015 Photo on Front Cover © 2014/Ihsanullah Mahjoor/Associated Press. Bodies of civilians killed in a suicide attack on 23 November 2014 in Yahyakhail district, Paktika province that caused 138 civilian casualties (53 killed including 21 children and 85 injured including 26 children). Photo taken on 24 November 2014. "The conflict took an extreme toll on civilians in 2014. Mortars, IEDs, gunfire and other explosives destroyed human life, stole limbs and ruined lives at unprecedented levels. The thousands of Afghan children, women and men killed and injured in 2014 attest to failures to protect civilians from harm. All parties must uphold the values they claim to defend and make protecting civilians their first priority.” Nicholas Haysom, United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Afghanistan, December 2014, Kabul “This annual report shows once again the unacceptable price that the conflict is exacting on the civilian population in Afghanistan. Documenting these trends should not be regarded -
Access to Tazkera and Other Civil Documentation in Afghanistan NRC > AFGHANISTAN REPORT
Access to Tazkera and other civil documentation in Afghanistan NRC > AFGHANISTAN REPORT Researched and written by: Samuel Hall and the Norwegian Refugee Council Photographs: Jim Huylebroek and Farzana Wahidy Legal Editor: Sarah Adamczyk Design and layout: Chris Herwig This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union (EU) and of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). The contents of this document are solely the responsibility of the Norwegian Refugee Council and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union or the Swedish government. The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) is an independent, international, humanitarian non-governmental organisation which provides assistance, protection and contributes to durable solutions for refugees and internally displaced people worldwide. www.nrc.no Samuel Hall is an independent think tank providing research and strategic services, expert analysis, tailored counsel and access to local knowledge for a diverse array of actors operating in the world’s most challenging environments. samuelhall.org Acknowledgements: Thanks are due to everyone who participated in the researching and drafting of this report, in particular the staff from Samuel Hall and from NRC’s Information, Counselling and Legal Assistance (ICLA) programme in Afghanistan. Particular thanks go to Dominika Kronsteiner, Mohammad Abdoh, Ezzatullah Raji, Christopher Nyamandi, Dan Tyler, Kirstie Farmer, Monica Sanchez Bermudez and Dimitri Zviadadze. Samuel Hall would like to thank Marion Guillaume, Nassim Majidi, Ibrahim Ramazani and Abdul Basir Mohmand. NRC also wishes to thank the individuals who participated in the focus group discussions and interviews, and who shared their personal experiences for this research. -
Länderinformationen Afghanistan Country
Staatendokumentation Country of Origin Information Afghanistan Country Report Security Situation (EN) from the COI-CMS Country of Origin Information – Content Management System Compiled on: 17.12.2020, version 3 This project was co-financed by the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund Disclaimer This product of the Country of Origin Information Department of the Federal Office for Immigration and Asylum was prepared in conformity with the standards adopted by the Advisory Council of the COI Department and the methodology developed by the COI Department. A Country of Origin Information - Content Management System (COI-CMS) entry is a COI product drawn up in conformity with COI standards to satisfy the requirements of immigration and asylum procedures (regional directorates, initial reception centres, Federal Administrative Court) based on research of existing, credible and primarily publicly accessible information. The content of the COI-CMS provides a general view of the situation with respect to relevant facts in countries of origin or in EU Member States, independent of any given individual case. The content of the COI-CMS includes working translations of foreign-language sources. The content of the COI-CMS is intended for use by the target audience in the institutions tasked with asylum and immigration matters. Section 5, para 5, last sentence of the Act on the Federal Office for Immigration and Asylum (BFA-G) applies to them, i.e. it is as such not part of the country of origin information accessible to the general public. However, it becomes accessible to the party in question by being used in proceedings (party’s right to be heard, use in the decision letter) and to the general public by being used in the decision. -
Mineral Resources in Afghanistan
MINERAL RESOURCES IN AFGHANISTAN 2021 momp.gov.af1 MINERAL RESOURCES IN AFGHANISTAN CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 7 GOLD 8 COPPER 15 PORPHYRY CU-MO-AU 22 CHROMITE 25 IRON ORES 28 LEAD & ZINC 36 MAGNESITE/TALC 42 FLUORSPAR 48 GEMSTONES 52 LIMESTONE/CEMENT 56 DIMENSION STONE 58 MARBLES 62 TENDERING PROCESS 68 REFERENCES 71 Shah Foladi Geology Park, Bamyan — Photo Credit: Dr. Hassan Malestani Standard Disclaimer This is a technical document drawing on multiple data sources, all of which are open source. While any analysis is based on this data, both sins of commission or OUR PUBLICATIONS omission are the responsibility of the MoMP Public Relations Directorate. Should there be either typographic or data errors in the report, kindly communicate Available for download at: momp.gov.af these in writing to [email protected] and a revised version will be posted online. Copyright Statement All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Public Relations Directorate, Ministry of Mines and Petroleum, Abdulhaq Square, Kabul, Afghanistan. Mining Sector Compiled by Roadmap Hussaindad Shafai Abdullah Asifi Qasim Akbar + Designed by REFORM STRATEGY Rohola Rezaei EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES 2019 momp.gov.af Cover photograph Mountain patterns in Afghanistan Photo Credit: Michael Foley/Flickr © 2021 Ministry of Mines and Petroleum, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan All rights reserved 4 5 MINERAL RESOURCES IN AFGHANISTAN INTRODUCTION Afghanistan is endowed with abundant natural resources that remain largely untapped. The country has world-class deposits of iron ore, copper, gold, rare-earth minerals, and a host of other natural resources. Similarly, the presence of petroleum resources has long been known in Afghanistan but these resources were exploited only to a limited extent. -
National Area-Based Development Programme
Empowered lives. Resilient nations. NATIONAL AREA-BASED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2014 Second Quarterly PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME DONORS PROJECT INFORMATION Project ID: 00057359 (NIM) Duration: Phase III (July 2009 – June 2015) ANDS Component: Social and Economic Development Contributing to NPP One and Four Strategic Plan Component: Promoting inclusive growth, gender equality and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) CPAP Component: Increased opportunities for income generation through promotion of diversified livelihoods, private sector development, and public private partnerships Total Phase III Budget: US $294,666,069 AWP Budget 2014: US $ 52,608,993 Un-Funded amount 2014: US $ 1,820,886 Implementing Partner Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) Responsible Party: MRRD and UNDP Project Manager: Abdul Rahim Daud Rahimi Chief Technical Advisor: Vacant Responsible Assistant Country Director: Shoaib Timory Cover Photo: Kabul province, Photo Credit: | NABDP ACRONYMS ADDPs Annual District Development Plans AIRD Afghanistan Institute for Rural Development APRP Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Programme ASGP Afghanistan Sub-National Governance Programme DCC District Coordination Councils DDA District Development Assembly DDP District Development Plan DIC District Information Center ERDA Energy for Rural Development of Afghanistan GEP Gender Empowerment Project IALP Integrated Alternative Livelihood Programme IDLG Independent Directorate of Local Governance KW Kilo Watt LIDD Local Institutional Development Department MHP Micro Hydro Power MoF Ministry of Finance MoRR Ministry of Refuge and Repatriation MRRD Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development NABDP National Area Based Development Programme PEAC Provincial Establishment and Assessment Committees RTD Rural Technology Directory RTP Rural Technology Park PMT Provincial Monitoring Teams UNDP United Nations Development Programme SPVHS Solar Photovoltaic Voltage Home System SDU Sustainable Development Unit TABLE OF CONTENTS I. -
Chronology of Events in Afghanistan, September 2003*
Chronology of Events in Afghanistan, September 2003* September 2 Civilian injured in grenade attack in Jalalabad. (Pakistan-based Afghan Islamic Press news agency / AIP) Unidentified people have attacked the Jalalabad judicial department with two grenades in Jalalabad, Nangarhar Province. The department was not damaged, but a man who was going to a mosque to pray was wounded. September 3 Two killed, 10 injured in attack on marriage ceremony in Nangarhar Province. (Radio Afghanistan) Two people were killed and 14 injured in a bomb attack on a wedding ceremony in Dago Village in Chaparhar District of Nangarhar Province Eight killed in clashes between tribes in Nangarhar Province. (Radio Afghanistan) The commander of Military Corps No 1 of Nangarhar Haji Hazart Ali said eight people had been killed in a clash between two tribes in Hesarak District. Two senior commanders killed in ambush in Logar Province. (Iranian radio Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran) Two senior commanders of Logar Province, sons of a Logar-based commander named Golhayder, were killed in the ambush by unknown armed people and in the attack on a car. September 4 UN criticises 'excessive force' in Kabul evictions. (Agence France Presse / AFP) The United Nations criticised the "excessive use of force" by police in evicting 30 families and bulldozing their homes in Kabul on September 3. Some 30 families were evicted from their homes in Shir Pur village near the upmarket Wazir Akbar Khan district of central Kabul, UN spokesman Manoel de Almeida e Silva said. "According to the residents and witnesses the chief of police of Kabul (Basir Salangi) himself led the operation," de Almeida e Silva said. -
Highlights Situation Overview
Afghanistan Flash Floods Situation Report No. 7 as of 1800h (local time) on 15 May 2014 This report is produced by OCHA Afghanistan in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It was issued by OCHA Afghanistan. It covers the period from 24 April to 15 May 2014. The next report will be issued on or around 20 May 2014. Highlights The number of flood-affected people is 115,500 in 17 provinces and 97 districts. Following new assessments, the numbers of people affected by floods has reduced by about 6,000, while increased by one additional province (Khost) and nine new districts. Jawzjan, Faryab, Sari Pul remain the most affected provinces, accounting for two thirds of all the flood affected to date. Assessments and immediate relief distributions have been taken place in 80% of all affected districts. Relief distributions are ongoing in the most-recently affected districts and for some sectors. Sufficient relief stocks remain in country for the response. Constraints on access remain due to ruptured roads. The Mazar-Kabul highway has been repaired in Balkh, allowing only passenger vehicles to use it. There are no material changes on security related access. More and more attention is on the planning for the rehabilitation and rebuilding of damaged and destroyed homes (over 8,300), infrastructure and livelihoods. Land allocation and restitution to areas which are less prone to recurrent floods, is one way of incorporating disaster risk reduction in a meaningful way. The recently endorsed displacement policy provides a template in this regard. Summary of Affected, Needs, and Assessments ‐ 15 May 2014 (Source: OCHA field offices and PDMC) Situation Overview No. -
Final Report
End Term Evaluation of Reducing poverty and gender inequality in Sarepul province of Afghanistan by improving household income and financial resilience for rural women through enterprise and job creation Final Report Hand in Hand Afghanistan Submitted by Assess, Transform & Reach Consulting (ATR) June 2018 End Term Evaluation – Hand in Hand Afghanistan TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS _____________________________________________________________ 2 ACRONYMS ____________________________________________________________________ 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ___________________________________________________________ 6 PART 1 - INTRODUCTION _________________________________________________________ 11 A. Purpose of the evaluation _________________________________________________________ 11 B. Organisation context _____________________________________________________________ 11 C. Logic and assumption of the evaluation ______________________________________________ 11 D. Overview of UK Aid Direct funded activities __________________________________________ 11 PART 2 – EVALUATION METHODOLOGY _____________________________________________ 17 A. Evaluation Plan _________________________________________________________________ 17 1. Quantitative data collection _______________________________________________________________ 17 2. Qualitative data collection ________________________________________________________________ 18 E. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Designed Methodology _______________________________ 18 F. Summary of problems and issues encountered -
End of Year Report (2018) About Mujahideen Progress and Territory Control
End of year report (2018) about Mujahideen progress and territory control: The Year of Collapse of Trump’s Strategy 2018 was a year that began with intense bombardments, military operations and propaganda by the American invaders but all praise belongs to Allah, it ended with the neutralization of another enemy strategy. The Mujahideen defended valiantly, used their chests as shields against enemy onslaughts and in the end due to divine assistance, the invaders were forced to review their war strategy. This report is based on precise data collected from concerned areas and verified by primary sources, leaving no room for suspicious or inaccurate information. In the year 2018, a total of 10638 attacks were carried out by Mujahideen against invaders and their hirelings from which 31 were martyr operations which resulted in the death of 249 US and other invading troops and injuries to 153 along with death toll of 22594 inflicted on Kabul administration troops, intelligence operatives, commandos, police and Arbakis with a further 14063 sustaining injuries. Among the fatalities 514 were enemy commanders killed and eliminated in various attacks across the country. During 2018 a total of 3613 vehicles including APCs, pickup trucks and other variants were destroyed along with 26 aircrafts including 8 UAVs, 17 helicopters of foreign and internal forces and 1 cargo plane shot down. Moreover, a total of 29 district administration centers were liberated by the Mujahideen of Islamic Emirate over the course of last year, among which some were retained