Editorials Editorial Features Sunday ptaf Farm and Garden WASHINGTON, D. C., AUGUST 26, 1956 A-25 REVIEW OF THE WEEK The Republicans: Never a Moment of Doubt The 1956 presidential sweepstakes got its official start sidered attempting to set up his and posed with them for campaign last week as the Republican Party unanimously and enthusi- own party. photographs. astically formalized a long-standing decision to renominate But then the Old Guard faction He has made it plain that was severely jolted by he will their champion vote-getters of the 1952 race, President Dwight the loss of urgently appeal for the election of D. Eisenhower and Vice President Richard M. Nixon. Congress in 1954 to the Democrats. a Republican ' Then House and Senate. The the President’s heart attack The Republicans are given about close of the G. O. P. convention in San Francisco 11 months ago shocked them into found both parties closer than on an even chance of winning enough ever before fundamental a sober re-examination of their seats to issues prospects. during long control the Senate. Out- but noticeably apart in their approach to the campaign I 1 I’ I All the and look for winning the House, how- ahead. The jr anxious months of waiting for Republicans seem to possess more confidence, the I gJH RL ' Mr. ever, is not as bright. Here the Democrats more pep. Eisenhower to make his second Republicans hold two-thirds of the term decision, the most . v.T BEk- even ob- marginal seats—those won in the Nothing was left to chance at San Francisco. The “spon- durate came to the conclusion that taneous" demonstrations were last election with less than 55 per the Republican Party would face cent of the vote. well-produced and the entertain- Carpenter, a Nebraska delegate disaster without Mr. Eisenhower at ment was professional. Only oc- backing a phantom named "Joe the head of the ticket in 1956. casionally did the genuine affection Smith," changed his “pass” to an and enthusiasm Republicans The Old Guard found it impera- feel affirmative vote. m tive join new leader, for their ticket show through. It ' jßum ii b^mri to their since The Democrats: THURSDAY w it was obvious he stubbornly was clear from the start that was nothing happen. Mr. Nixon accepted the nomina- headed in another direction. At unscheduled would that Ready There was no fight, no tion with a lofty and restrained point began the realignment for Battle dissension major parties. —only ardor for the preordained speech that cast no reflections on of both With the Mr. Stevenson, resting at his standard bearers. anybody. Mr. Eisenhower, looking acceptance by the Republicans of Libertyville, 111., farm, evidenced healthy and vigorous, promised the New Deal,the Democrats, to an eagerness to Harold Stassen to the con- a get the campaign came to “peace maintain their indentity, were fray vention claiming continued dedication a started by welcoming the op- a 50-50 chance He forced at Chicago to put Harry portunity to dump Mr. Nixon. for all time.” called the G. O. P. "to be matched against A conference the "party of the future” Truman on the shel f end t°lk m-’)-? again” with President Eisenhower grounded and him and answering the pledged that it would work for a of a New America than of a New President's acceptance speech with his hopeless flight and he rejoined Deal. by making better life for all Americans. the observation that Mr. Eisen- the fold one of Mr. hower’s Nixon’s seconding speeches. words do*not match his Thus record. ended the convention’s only sign The Platform JBpp* Nixon as Liaison Man of a contest—excepting, of course, fL The Democratic nominee spent the mythical Joe Smith’s brief The platform, like all platforms, The Old Guard's one liaison with much of last week answering, one boomlet. including the one approved m Chi- the new Republicanism is through by one, charges leveled against the cago previous by Demo- The President was called the week the President’s running mate, Mr. Democrats and Republican claims to San crats, boasted about the party’s Nixon, and may be to coming Francisco a day earlier than this one of his statecraft from the San past accomplishments. chief values to the party and the Francisco oratory. planned in order to bring some life Between times to the session, and his arrival, The two 1956 platforms differ administration. he met with his advisers, cam- cov- Early struggle paign ered by grateful most significantly, however, in their in their with the manager James A. Finnegan television men as Eisenhower wing, and Butler, no such event has ever been promises for the future. The Dem- the Old Guards- Paul national Demo- covered men made it plain that they cratic chairman, to plan before, did help. Ironically, how- ocratic platform pledged "de- CANDIDATE EISENHOWER, running mate Nixon at his right, gives victory wave after accepting nomination. liked his cam- i weapons Mr. Nixon. He pro paign. . ever, in coming a day early he stole fensive” to Israel; the was a who un- Republicans only promised “sup- derstood politics, who had regard Beginning the spotlight from one of the sched- is, he effect, tomorrow Mr. Steven- port” against ag- said in the party of confirmed by the unanimity of the The Eisenhower popularity and for party “courtesies.” They were son running uled high spots at the Cow Palace of Israel “armed Eisenhower, and his mate, Senator gression.” support- a new party, a liberal San Francisco convention. vote appeal may be a more potent the first to reply to anti-Nixon E6tes —a series of short speeches by his The Democrats “party Kefauver, will start on a ed “free access” to the of the future.” The delegates there heard their factor ifi this nold on the party criticism from withip or without flying trip to cabinet members extolling the sec- Suez Canal, Also significant several sections of but this currently explosive sub- was the vigor with party leaders boast of a Republican than the Eisenhower political the party. the Nation during which tions of the newly adopted platform which President Eisenhower de- record of he will ject was not mentioned in the expanded social security, philosophy. But something has A search for the reasons for this meet State and local party which concerned them. The TV livered his speech, his enjoyment of higher minimum wages, hous- leaders whisked their G. O. P. platform. more happened to the Old Guard in the affinity reveals much about the to co-ordinate his campaign. cameras audiences the tumultuous ovation he received, ing, support of farm co-operatives, three and one-half years since the away from the rostrum and atten- The Republicans said they would the man who may some day become obvious relish with which he expanded rural electrification, and general met with the late Senator tively followed the President from “maintain and improve the effec- plunged into the political the occupant of the White House. turmoil an internationalism that looks Robert A. Taft in New York City Much of voting the airport to the St. Francis Hotel tive strength” of the military, which will occupy a good x Mr. Nixon’s rec- bit of his beyond the globe’s every horizon. and signed a statement of principles ord in the House and Senate has in downtown San Francisco. When while the Democrats rejected what time until election day. This was Listening Senate Races: called to Mr. Eisenhower Thurs- that had been drafted by the con- Old Guard colorings. He co- they returned to the hall, the they “the false Republican not the performance of a it was country sick man day night, difficult to realize servative Senator. The accord was authored the cabinet members had finished. notion that this can af- or one who has been dragged into Mundt-Nixon anti- that he was speaking for the party taken to mean that the heirs of communist bill. As a member ot New Outlook ford only a second-best defense.” the fray "by a duty sense of or the that once bitterly fought child labor William McKinley given Republican On civil rights the Republican pressure of advisers. had been the House Labor Committee ne hopes to recapture legislation, the income tax, the right stay of execution, helped platform "accepts” a and for a while write the Taft-Hartley Act. the Senate, where the lineup stood How It Happened said it the de- of labor to strike, rural electrifica- and they opposed segregation decision, and urged in 1953 much of 1954. He aid to India and Point at 49 Democrats and 47 Repub- through days, Old tion, the Pure Food and Drug most All the four it was school integration The Guard Is Quiet Act. made the of it. The Senate Four technical assistance. He licans in the 84th Congress, were clear year’s Republican with “all delib- Federal soil conservation programs especially that this erate speed” through action locally When the conservatives Senators voted for the Bulwinkle bill to bolstered last week as two strong Party just a party unity convention ended, it and Federal aid for hospital con- Bricker, McCarthy, Knowland, exempt was not of in Federal District courts. The was clear that the Jen- railroads from antitrust Democratic vote-getters pulled out but of unanimity. “Old Guard” of struction. ner, Dirksen, Welker and prosecution for one Democrats took note of the the Republican others—- certain rate-making of the 1956 race. decision Party—that heart of But there was protest re- a sort agreements. opposed against party no or exhibited of majority-stock- He public . and urged “use of force to the spoke Senator Herbert of MONDAY that for conserva- sistance to the path upon which he holder independence that harried housing. In the Senate he H. Lehman Interfere with the orderly determi- tism from Mark Hanna voted New York, 78, announced that he Gov. Arthur Langlie of Washing- to Robert embarked. Not since 1936 and the White House almost daily. It for the tidelands oil bill and for a nation of these matters by the Taft—either had passed away or would retire at the end of his sounded the "peace and pros- Franklin Roosevelt has a President has since been recorded that the proposal demanding a presidential ton courts.” had gone underground. Its gradual complete present term, and former Senator perity" theme of the convention had such control over his President in those days was so injunction to prevent the 1952 steel G. O. P. said objective descent from the party throne party. Millard Tydings withdrew as Mary- keynote The its in was discouraged that he seriously con- strike. with a address that chided farm matters is "markets which land’s Democratic candidate after urged the voters On the other hand, there are Democrats and to return full parity” to fanners. three months’ illness. ratify years The reasons why he is to be admired tour more of a “crusade Democrats promised high rigid Mr. Tydings, long finer America.’’ Fears of and by more liberal Republicans. His who had been for a a supports at 90 per cent of parity. looking forward to possible floor fight over a civil friendship with the conservatives challenging Republicans Senator John Marshall Butler, rights plank in the platform were For labor, the said has served him well when he has the they favored "effective, The had man who unseated him in a rough dispelled when platform drafters unhindered Candidates in Brief to assume the role’of intra- (by the Government) party 1950 campaign, was stricken with softened the proposed language to collective DWIGHT conciliator. He was instru- bargaining” and pledged to extend DAVID EISENHOWER, born October ADLAI EWING STEVENSON, February 5, mental in cooling the Senate, a severe case of shingles, a nerve meet Southern objections. It was 14, in born in coverage of the minimum wage 1890, Denison, Tex., reared in Abilene, Kans., 1900, in Los Angeles, grandson E. Stevenson, behalf of the White House, to disorder, shortly after his May 7 revealed that Mr. Eisenhower, due law. educated in public of Adlai the The Democratis platform “un- schools of Abilene and United Vice President of the States (1893-97* Bricker He spoke primary victory. He had been arrive on Tuesday, would throw States Military United under amendment. con- to equivocally" promised repeal of Academy (1915); commissioned 2d Lt. Grover Cleveland. Choate School, softly successfully sidered a strong contender. the convention "open" by inviting the of Educated Princeton and to the Old Infantry United Army . . . Taft-Hartley Act. States 1915. Married University (class of 1922); Ll.B, Northwestern Univer- Guarders, led by Senator Knowland, The Maryland Party, all vice presidential aspirants to Mamie Geneva Doud, July 1, 1916. Democratic First child, . • Dwight sity Law School, 1926. . . Married Ellen Borden, 1928; who didn’t want the administration once considered come to his hotel to present their Doud, died in infancy; a sort of annex second son, John Sheldon, three children, Adlai E., jr„Borden and John Fell; di- to accept the terms, of the Korean to the Solid South, in recent years cases. now an Army major. . . . Advanced through The Acceptance Speeches Arftiy vorced in 1949. . . . Served United States Navy as ap- truce. has been torn by disunity TUESDAY ranks to Lt. by 1941; and In- Col. thereafter rose rapidly prentice seaman in World War I; assistant managing Mr. Nixon demonstrated his ef- ternal squabbles. With Mr. Tydings More important than the con- with advent of World War 11, becoming President Eisenhower arrived and a lieutenant editor Bloomington (111.* Daily Pantagraph, 1924-25; fective role as a liaison man in his out of the race, the resulting dis- open. tent of the acceptance speeches by ¦general in 1942, full general commander insisted the convention was as of all practiced law. Chicago, 1927-33. . . . Special handling of the McCarthy contro- sension supports Republican the President and the Vice Presi- forces in counsel. con- But no Vice Presidential aspirants Allied the European theater December 31, Agricultural Adjustment Administration, 1933-34; As- versy for Mr. Eisenhower. He kept fidence that Senator dent was their tone. 1943; appointed Butler's seat came forward. Mr. Stassen asked General of the Army (five-star* sistant to Secretary of the Navy, 1941-44. Headed eco- the peace between the White House can be held. to Mr. Nixon’s address December 1944. Chief of Staff, for the opportunity address the indicated United States Army, nomic mission to Italy, 1948; press officer. United States and Senator McCarthy long after The retirement of Senator Leh- . that the level of 1945-48. . . Named convention, the general expectation his campaign will President of Columbia University delegation to the United Nations charter conference, open warfare might otherwise have man was a blow to be high. It totally lacking in 1948; recalled military the national being that he would use the rostrum was in to service as supreme 1945; senior adviser and alternate delegate to U. N. broken out. picket as well as to hopes of New

partisanship: at commander, . . no time did he NATO forces in Europe, . to push his futile campaign to con- 1950. General Assembly, 1946-47. . . . Elected Governor of When Harold Stassen, angered by York Democrats. The former Gov- refer to Democrats, even indirectly. for President of the United vince the party to desert Mr. Nixon. Nominated States by the Illinois, 1948, by . the Senator's claim protege record plurality. . . Nominated fir that he had ernor, of Franklin Republican Party, 1952; Roose- A platform was presented that Instead he dealt with broad and elected President November, President by Democratic Party, 1952, despite refusal been negotiating with Greek ship velt and outspoken liberal, has new tax (with noble themes liberty, sacrifice, 1952, carrying 39 States; inaugurated to over promised reductions President declare candidacy; polled in defeat a record popular owners trade with Red China, been one of his party’s most effec- courage, faith, January, 1953. . . . vision and freedom. Suffered severe coronary . . August qualifications), continued strength- throm- vote for a loser. . Renominated said that the Senator had been tive vote-getters, large September 16. 1956, for with a fol- ening of national security, removal Nowhere to be seen or bosis 24, 1955; major abdominal surgery President bv the Democratic Party after vigorous cam- undermining diplomacy, Mr. Nixon lowing among Negroes, heard for ileitis, June Jews and of "irresponsible" Federal employes, was the "vice hatchet man” Demo- 1956. . . . Unanimously renominated paign in which he won five out of six primaries. persuaded Secretary of State Dulles minority groups in general. by the Republican He was and moderation in carrying out the cratic keynote speaker Clement had 1 Party for a second term, August 22, to praise Senator McCarthy for his counted on to help the Stevenson- 1956. ESTES KEFAUVER, July 26, Nixon speech did nothing else, it attacked so vigorously. If the born 1903, in Madi- diplomatic efforts. It was the Vice Kefauver ticket carry New York desegregation. sonville, Tenn., educated University of (A.8., the Former President Nixon speech did nothing else, it RICHARD Tennessee President also who kept White this year with its electoral college Hoover, years old, MILHOUS NIXON, born Yorba Linda. 1924* and Yale University Law School (L from plum Herbert 82 served notice on Democrats that Calif., on January 9, 1913; Angeles’ 1.8.. 1927*.... House serious involvement in of 45 votes. praised Mr. Eisenhower and urged they may find themselves beating educated in Los Married Nancy Patterson Piggot of Scotland, 1935; the Army-McCarthy fight. Lehman, a County public schools and Whittier College, Senator in announcing delegates to make the coming cam- very they graduating three daughters, Eleanor, 13; Diane, 7, and Gail Estes, But when urged dead horse if concentrate as bachelor of arts in 1934; bachelor it became obvious that his decision, tjiat New York paign drive for human liberty. any part of laws. Duke 4. and one son. David, 8. . . . Elected to House of Rep- Senator McCarthy a of their attack on his University Law 1937 could no longer Mayor Robert Wagner run in his campaign tactics. (See story by School. Married Patricia Ryan resentatives in 1938, re-elected 1940, '42, ’44, ’46; elected be contained, it was Mr. Nixon who place. Mr. Wagner WEDNESDAY of California in 1940; two daughters, Patricia, at first said David Koonce on Page A-27.) 10, and to Senate 1948 against opposition of Ed Crump political named a court of hanging ludges that he would not run. Julie, 8. . . Practicing attorney, Whittier, Calif., to organization: but then re-elected 1954. . . . After a talk with Mr. Eisenhower, In his speech, Mr. Eisenhower 1942; Headed special Sen- to sit in judgment of Senator Mc- agreed to reconsider after hearing of- attorney for Office of Emergency Management,' ate Crime Committee, 1950, spectacular hearings Carthy, Mr. Stassen abandoned his cam- fered no specific new programs, Washington. in re- thus assuring censure. But appeals from labor leaders and Mr. but 1942; commissioned United States Navy, sulting in prison deportations leading paign against Mr. Nixon and asked throughout he seemed to be prom- 1942, terms and for it was also he that kept the word Stevenson. served in Pacific theater . to January, . . ising 1946. underworld leaders. . . . Made spirited campaign for “censure" out of the so-called reso- Among Republicans to second the Vice President’s nom- something new for the Re- Elected to House of Representatives defeating mentioned as evening, 1946, presidential nomination in 1952. losing to Adlai Ste- lution of censure. Attorney ination. In the 1.323 dele- publican Party—new principles, a veteran New Dealer Jerry Voorhis; re-elected 1948: candidates are General venson on third ballot . after leading on first two. . . Jacob gates ratified the renomination of outlook. It a * K. Javits, former Attorney new was determined elected ... Senator 1950. As Representative, pushed Won Minnesota presidential primary 1956, but lost to the 1952 ticket with cheers, sirens, bid for independents and young probe Alger General Nathaniel Goldstein and into career of Hiss; helped draft Taft- Stevenson in other major tests. . '. . Nominated by horns and a snake-dance through people, a rejection of the idea that Hartley labor law. . . . Coattails Provided National Chairman Leonard Hall. Nominated for Vice President Democratic Party for Vice President August 17, 1956, the hall. Mr. Nixon’s renomination the Republican Party is the party of by Republicans During the last day of the con- Former Gov. Thomas E. Dewey has in 1952 and elected. . . . Renominated after extremely close race with Senator John was made unanimous after Terry McKinley. The Republican Party August 22, 1956, for second K. Ken- vention Mr. Eisenhower greeted 27 said that he will not seek the term. nedy of Massachusetts. Republican congressional hopefuls nomination. THE FOREIGN SCENE Next Suez Move-An Approach to President Nasser The 22-nation Suez Canal Con- British flatly sources were pre- While the special committee was •that Egypt was perfectly ended its deliberations in dicting that the Nasser proposal withinJier tion of alone opposing the Dulles Washington sources indicated that that Egyptian agents solicit- ference meeting Mr. Shepilov held a press rights in nationalizing the proposal were London Thursday, leaving a spe- for treaty guarantees, if made, canal as a “plot to return im- both India and the Soviet Union ing them. conference at which he repeated company. perialism” to cial committee of five nations to would be rejected. The kernel of charge the Suez Canal zone. were pressing Col. Nasser to avoid And while the military strength- his that the Dulles plan Promptly, find away of approaching aloof the crisis, they declared, lay in the But the attitude of the opposi- the attitude of the outright rejection of the conference ening of British and French Medi- aimed to reimpose on Egypt ‘‘de- tion to the United United States delegation stiffened. Egyptian President Gamal Abdel deep distrust of Col. Nassers in- a States proposal, proposals. Meanwhile, Egyptian terranean garrisons continued, mands of colonialist character.” while firm, Mr. Dulles said to feel the Nasser. The committee, headed by tentions and good faith entertained He said the special remained moderate in was that military preparations continued, there was considerably less talk committee had tone. There was none of the bel- Soviet stand was a strong indica- Australian Prime Minister Robert by the Big Three. In the circum- "no status” and was “quite out- with all reservists ordered to active of force last week than was the winning ligerence and bitterness so familiar tion that Moscow was promoting duty and steps to Menzies. has the task of stances. they pointed out, even a side the conference.” And he taken guard case at the outset of the crisis. at least a hearing from the Egyp- formal treaty bearing Col. in earlier international conferences strife, not amity, in the Middle against inflation in the of On Tuesday, an Egyptian Nasser's warned again that the continued to appeared, .event official in tian strong man who abruptly na- signature would do nothing which Russia was a party. The East. It the American a blockade. London suggested bluntly to alter British and French arms buildup calm atmosphere camp let it be known, that that tionalized the Suez Canal Co. on the fact that access to the water- and restrained Russia Egypt would negotiate directly for in the Mediterranean was a threat oratory of delegates, noticeable wanted to make it as difficult as Traffic Slows Down July 26. As of yesterday, the way still be in Egypt's power to peace flagrant tl»e a compromise on the Suez issue, would world and "a at the very beginning of possible for Col. agree chances looked neither bright nor to permit or deny. violation of the the ses- Nasser to to The Suez Canal Itself was slow- but only if the augmented British United Nations sions week ago Thursday, any compromise solution. ing down, as hopeless. Charter.” a per- foreign pilots, essen- and French military forces in Delegation Blocked sisted all through the tial operation the Mr. Menzies. after long closed- sometimes In addition to the Dulles pro- to of the convoys, Mediterranean were first with- The committee, on which the Earlier in the week Soviet Com- warm but never hot debates. posals, the special committee will failed to return from authorized door talks with his four colleagues, munist Party Secretary Khrushchev drawn. French Foreign Minister paid to United States, Sweden, Iran, And although India's Mr. have other plans ready for Col. leaves. Egypt officially denied, how- Christian Pineau, confirming an unannounced visit the remarked at a Embassy ever, ad- gave Ethiopia and Australia are repre- Romanian Krishna Menon had Mr. Nasser if he agrees to accept them that French and British ship- military Egyptian Ambassador. He party in Moscow that the Arabs Joined ditional French and naval envoy a formal message Col. sented. was set up by the con- Shepilov m opposing the submis- for consideration. Spain’s dele- ping would be delayed until last moves, said the to ferees “would have help” if Egypt if however that there Nasser, asking that it be delivered after the Soviet Union and were sion of the Dulles plan, he modified gate, Foreign Minister Alberto Mar- the pilot shortage should con- would be no use of force, India joined pro- attacked by the West over the Suez Artajo. Reports even If promptly and for early reply. forces to block a his initial stand considerably on tin has suggested the canal tinue. to that effect had the Egyptians reject all an posal delegation repre- seizure. The Russian leader said given compromise, The committee is scheduled to to send a receipt of special Instructions from be operated by an Egyptian cor- been wide prominence in the until there had been senting the majority of the such a war would be "a just war’ in Cairo press further talks meet again tomorrow, ready to 22- Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru poration which foreign nations earlier m the week. between the Big act nation conference directly and there would be “volunteers” represented. Three. any counter-proposal Col. to Col in New Delhi. He was Joined by would be Pakistan, An Indication of the seriousness on Nas- delegation to see that the Arabs did not stand backing plan, ser may make. Nasser. The would have Indonesia’s Foreign Minister. Rus- the Dulles offered an of the Suez pilot shortage was re- borne the modified United States alone. lan Abdulgani. in agreeing amendment that would leave the Yesterday authoritative sources that the vealed last week in West Germany proposal, presented by Secretary of In general, the opposing nations 18-nation proposal be sent to Col. composition of the proposed inter- pilots in Cairo disclosed that Egyp- There, skilled on the Kiel Plane Downed the State Dulles and supported by 18 took the position that the trans- Nasser, insisting only that it be national board up to another inter- tian leader is prepared to Canal, which links the Baltic with offer all nations, that Col. Nasser turn over mission of the Dulles plan by the made plain that the plan was not national conference, in which Egypt the North nations using the Suez Canal in- Sea, were being recruited operation of the waterway to an conference would look too much like the official decision of the entire would be amply represented. And for on Suez. Egyptian OffChina Coast dividual treaty guarantees of un- Egypt urged Jobs the international board, on which an ultimatum to Egypt. Through- conference. India has an international agents were reported offering In a plana impeded use of the waterway. Such would be represented. "advisory” board more bitter echo of the out the sessions, the same four to assist Egypt than 818.000 a year Incidents at the height of tha a proposal would leave unimpaired The Soviet Union, represented by U. S. Attitude Stiffens in operating the canal, salaries to nations have been stressing the im- but with no pilots willing to change canals. cold war, a United States Navy the sovereignty of Egypt over the Foreign Minister Dmitri Shepilov, portance respecting the The Indian powers of its own. canal, Col of- sover- and Indonesian atti- Yesterday, more than 30 pilots were reconnaissance plane was shot which Nasser claims. had led India, Indonesia, and eignty of Egypt Mr. Shepilov, and tude had the effect of Cairo first in somewhat stood firm in its adamant said to have applied. The Egyptian down off the coast of Communal But reaction London to Ceylon in opposing submission of V. K. Menon, speaking for Isolating Shepilov. reports Krishna Mr. The Rus- opposition to the London confer- Embassy in Bonn confirmed “a China Wednesday. The crew of the Cairo was gloomy. the United States plan to Egypt. India, have plain spokesman made their belief sian was left in the post- ence. but reports reaching official number" of applications, but denied Continued Page a 4 4 -4 on A-ZI