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LCSH Section Y Y-Bj dialects Yaʻar Yerushalayim (Jerusalem) Yacambú National Park (Venezuela) USE Yugambeh-Bundjalung dialects USE Jerusalem Forest (Jerusalem) USE Parque Nacional Yacambú (Venezuela) Y-cars Yaayuwee dialect (May Subd Geog) Yacan (Philippine people) USE General Motors Y-cars BT Cameroon—Languages USE Yakan (Philippine people) Y chromosome Gbaya language (Ubangi) Yacan language UF Chromosome Y Yaba-kei (Japan) USE Yakan language BT Sex chromosomes USE Yaba Valley (Japan) Yacarana River (Brazil and Peru) — Abnormalities (May Subd Geog) Yaba Valley (Japan) USE Javari River (Brazil and Peru) BT Sex chromosome abnormalities UF Yaba-kei (Japan) Yacare caiman Y Fenai (Wales) Yabakei (Japan) USE Caiman yacare USE Menai Strait (Wales) BT Valleys—Japan Yacatas Site (Mexico) Y-G personality test Yabakei (Japan) BT Mexico—Antiquities USE Yatabe-Guilford personality test USE Yaba Valley (Japan) Yaccas Y.M.C.A. libraries Yabarana Indians (May Subd Geog) USE Xanthorrhoea USE Young Men's Christian Association libraries UF Yaurana Indians Yachats River (Or.) Y maze BT Indians of South America—Venezuela BT Rivers—Oregon BT Maze tests Yabbie culture Yachats River Valley (Or.) Ý Mia (Asian people) USE Yabby culture UF Yachats Valley (Or.) USE Lati (Asian people) Yabbies (May Subd Geog) BT Valleys—Oregon Y Mountain (Utah) [QL444.M33 (Zoology)] Yachats Valley (Or.) BT Mountains—Utah BT Cherax USE Yachats River Valley (Or.) Wasatch Range (Utah and Idaho) Yabby culture (May Subd Geog) Yachikadai Iseki (Haga-machi, Tochigi-ken, Japan) Y-particles [SH380.94.Y32] USE Yachikadai Site (Haga-machi, Tochigi-ken, USE Hyperons UF Yabbie culture Japan) Ý Pi (Asian people) Yabby farming Yachikadai Site (Haga-machi, Tochigi-ken, Japan) USE Lati (Asian people) BT Crayfish culture This heading is not valid for use as a geographic Y-platform cars Yabby farming subdivision. USE General Motors Y-cars USE Yabby culture UF Yachikadai Iseki (Haga-machi, Tochigi-ken, Ý Poong (Asian people) YABC (Behavioral assessment) Japan) USE Lati (Asian people) USE Young Adult Behavior Checklist BT Japan—Antiquities Y symbol Yabe family (Not Subd Geog) Yachinaka Tate Iseki (Hinai-machi, Japan) [BL604.Y2] Yabem (Papua New Guinean people) USE Yachinaka Tate Site (Hinai-machi, Japan) BT Signs and symbols USE Yabim (Papua New Guinean people) Yachinaka Tate Site (Hinai-machi, Japan) Ý Tó (Asian people) Yabem language This heading is not valid for use as a geographic subdivision. USE Lati (Asian people) USE Yabim language Y2K problem (Computer systems) Yabim (Papua New Guinea people) UF Yachinaka Tate Iseki (Hinai-machi, Japan) USE Year 2000 date conversion (Computer USE Yabim (Papua New Guinean people) BT Japan—Antiquities systems) Yabim (Papua New Guinean people) (May Subd Geog) Yacht basins Ya (The Spanish word) UF Jabêm (Papua New Guinean people) USE Marinas BT Spanish language—Etymology Jabim (Papua New Guinean people) Yacht building (May Subd Geog) Ya Bo (Legendary character) Yabem (Papua New Guinean people) [VM331] USE Bo, Ya (Legendary character) Yabim (Papua New Guinea people) [Former BT Boatbuilding Ya-kyak (African people) heading] Shipbuilding USE Kyak (African people) BT Ethnology—Papua New Guinea Yacht clubs (May Subd Geog) Ya language (May Subd Geog) Melanesians [GV823] UF Tai Chung language Yabim hymns RT Yachting—Societies, etc. Tai Ya language USE Hymns, Yabim Yacht designers (May Subd Geog) BT China—Languages Yabim language (May Subd Geog) BT Designers Tai languages [PL6251] Naval architects Yā layl (The Arabic phrase) UF Jabêm language Yacht flags BT Arabic language—Terms and phrases Jabim language [Former heading] USE Yachts—Flags, insignia, etc. YA literature Yabem language Yacht racing (May Subd Geog) USE Young adult literature BT Melanesian languages [GV826.5-GV832] Ya-lu-tsang-pu chiang Papua New Guinea—Languages UF Boat-racing USE Brahmaputra River Yabiyufa language (May Subd Geog) Small boat racing Ya-lung (China : Region) UF Jafijufa language BT Sailboat racing USE Yarlung (China) Javiyufa language RT Yacht rallies Ya Tai qu shi nei she ji da jiang (Not Subd Geog) Yaweyuha language NT Aurora Yacht Race UF APIDA (Asia Pacific Interior Design Award) BT Papua New Guinea—Languages Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Race Asia Pacific Interior Design Award Papuan languages Ensenada Race Ya Tai shi nei she ji da jiang Yablonsky, Bubbles (Fictitious character) Financial Times Clipper Race BT Interior decoration—Awards—Pacific Area (Not Subd Geog) International Sail Training Races Ya Tai shi nei she ji da jiang UF Bubbles Yablonsky (Fictitious character) Multihull Transpacific Yacht Race USE Ya Tai qu shi nei she ji da jiang Yabrīn Well (Saudi Arabia) Route du Rhum Sailing Race Yaac River (B.C. and Mont.) UF Jabrīn Well (Saudi Arabia) Transtasman Singlehanded Race USE Yaak River (B.C. and Mont.) BT Wells—Saudi Arabia — Rules Yaak River (B.C. and Mont.) Yabuba language [GV826.7] UF A'ak River (B.C. and Mont.) USE Dan language (Côte d'Ivoire) — France Yaac River (B.C. and Mont.) Yabula Yabula language (May Subd Geog) Yacht rallies (May Subd Geog) Yaak River (Mont.) [Former heading] UF Jabulajabula language UF Rallies, Yacht Yahk River (B.C. and Mont.) Narinari language BT Yachting Yahkh River (B.C. and Mont.) BT Australia—Languages RT Yacht racing Yak River (B.C. and Mont.) Australian languages NT Europa 92, 1992 BT Rivers—British Columbia Yabune Fudōhara Iseki (Yokohama-shi, Japan) Yachting (May Subd Geog) Rivers—Montana USE Yabune Fudōhara Site (Yokohama-shi, Japan) [GV811.8-GV833] Yaak River (Mont.) Yabune Fudōhara Site (Yokohama-shi, Japan) UF Yachts and yachting [Former heading] USE Yaak River (B.C. and Mont.) This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Boats and boating Yaaku (African people) (May Subd Geog) subdivision. RT Sailing [DT433.545.Y32] UF Yabune Fudōhara Iseki (Yokohama-shi, Japan) NT Sand yachting UF Mogogodo (African people) BT Japan—Antiquities Yacht rallies Mukogodo (African people) Yaburara (Australian people) (May Subd Geog) — Accidents Mukoquodo (African people) [DU125.Y33] USE Yachting accidents Siegu (African people) BT Aboriginal Australians — Law and legislation (May Subd Geog) Yaakua (African people) Ethnology—Australia — Societies, etc. BT Ethnology—Kenya Yabuta Yakushi Iseki (Himi-shi, Japan) RT Yacht clubs Yaakua (African people) USE Yabuta Yakushi Site (Himi-shi, Japan) Yachting accidents (May Subd Geog) USE Yaaku (African people) Yabuta Yakushi Site (Himi-shi, Japan) UF Yachting—Accidents Yaʻar Ḥanitah-Shelomi (Israel) This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Boating accidents subdivision. USE Ḥanitah-Shelomi Forest (Israel) Yachting for children Yaʻar Ḳadimah (Israel) UF Yabuta Yakushi Iseki (Himi-shi, Japan) USE Boating for children USE Ḳadimah Forest (Israel) BT Japan—Antiquities Yachting for women USE Boating for women Y-1 Yachting injuries (May Subd Geog) Yadang language Yagami Kofungun (Hamamatsu-shi, Japan) [RC88.9.B6 (First aid)] USE Yendang language USE Yagami Site (Hamamatsu-shi, Japan) BT Boating injuries Yadava dynasty (Not Subd Geog) Yagami Site (Hamamatsu-shi, Japan) Yachts (May Subd Geog) UF Sevunas This heading is not valid for use as a geographic [VM331-VM333] Yadavas subdivision. UF Yachts and yachting [Former heading] BT India—Kings and rulers UF Yagami Kofungun (Hamamatsu-shi, Japan) BT Ships Yadava sculpture BT Japan—Antiquities NT Armed yachts USE Sculpture, Yadava Yaganes Indians Finn Class yachts Yadavas USE Yahgan Indians Hijacking of yachts USE Yadava dynasty Yagar family J-Class yachts Yade language USE Jaeger family Lorne Class yachts USE Yale language Yagar Yagar language Multihull sailboats Yaden family USE Kala Lagaw Ya language Parkwood 28 (Yacht) USE Yadin family Yagara (Australian people) Presidential yachts Yadin family (Not Subd Geog) USE Jinibara (Australian people) Royal yachts UF Yaden family Yagaria language (May Subd Geog) Sand yachts Yadon family [PL662.Y27] Steam yachts Yeadon family UF Frigano Jate language Stella sloops Yadinga (African people) Kami language (Papua New Guinea) — Flags, insignia, etc. (May Subd Geog) USE Babinga (African people) BT Papuan languages [GV826] Yadkin River (N.C.) NT Hua dialect (Papua New Guinea) UF Yacht flags [Former heading] BT Rivers—North Carolina Yagba (African people) (May Subd Geog) BT Flags Yadkin River Valley (N.C.) [DT515.45.Y33] Insignia UF Yadkin Valley (N.C.) BT Ethnology—Nigeria — Furniture, equipment, etc. BT Valleys—North Carolina Yoruba (African people) — Hijacking Yadkin River Watershed (N.C.) Yage USE Hijacking of yachts BT Watersheds—North Carolina USE Ayahuasca — Law and legislation (May Subd Geog) Yadkin Valley (N.C.) Yagello dynasty — Models (May Subd Geog) USE Yadkin River Valley (N.C.) USE Jagellon dynasty [VM332] Yadon family Yager family BT Ship models USE Yadin family USE Jaeger family — Modification (May Subd Geog) Yads Yagga (African people) UF Modification of yachts USE Torah pointers USE Yaka (African people) — Rankings Yadzvings Yaggy family (Not Subd Geog) USE Yachts—Ratings and rankings USE Jaćwież UF Yagy family — Ratings Yaeger family Yaghan Indians USE Yachts—Ratings and rankings USE Jaeger family USE Yahgan Indians — Ratings and rankings (May Subd Geog) Yaegl language Yaghan language [GV828] USE Yaygir language USE Yahgan language UF Rankings of yachts Yaelath Atoll (Micronesia) Yaghani (Australian people) Ratings of yachts USE Elato Atoll (Micronesia) USE Marringarr (Australian people) Yachts—Rankings Yaene Iseki (Hachijō-machi, Japan) Yaghani language Yachts—Ratings [Former heading] USE Yaene Site (Hachijō-machi,
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  • 2 the Trans New Guinea Family Andrew Pawley and Harald Hammarström
    2 The Trans New Guinea family Andrew Pawley and Harald Hammarström 2.1 Introduction The island of New Guinea is a region of spectacular, deep linguistic diversity.1 It contains roughly 850 languages, which on present evidence fall into at least 18 language families that are not demonstrably related, along with several iso- lates.2 This immense diversity, far greater than that found in the much larger area of Europe, is no doubt mainly a consequence of the fact that New Guinea has been occupied for roughly 50,000 years by peoples organised into small kin-based social groups, lacking overarching political affiliations, and dispersed across a terrain largely dominated by rugged mountains and swampy lowlands, with quite frequent population movements. Among the non-Austronesian families of New Guinea one family stands out for its large membership and wide geographic spread: Trans New Guinea (TNG). With a probable membership of between 300 and 500 discrete languages, plus hundreds of highly divergent dialects, TNG is among the most numerous of the world’s language families.3 TNG languages are spoken from the Bomberai Pen- insula at the western end of mainland New Guinea (132 degrees E) almost to the eastern tip of the island (150 degrees E). Most of the cordillera that runs for more than 2000 kilometers along the centre of New Guinea is occupied exclusively by TNG languages. They are also prominent in much of the lowlands to the south of the cordillera and in patches to the north, especially from central Madang Province eastwards. There are possible outliers spoken on Timor, Alor and Pantar.
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