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The Magazine of THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA

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Registered by Australia Post Publication No NBP 1482 &$ *" •*f^ Babcock's defence related activities go back to tho b»ginntng« of stum pojrered ships EDITOR wh«n tho parent company began making ROSS GILLETT naval boiler* at Renfrew, Scotland. Tho PO BOX 653 association continues today, with DEE WHY, NSW 2099 specialised Babcock skills being utlllsod by THE ths Royal Aususllsn Navy In both traditional Aafliir.rM by AuHiHIs Pan PubUcilkm No HBP lit! and tho newer technology areas. One Reproduction in pan or whole is forbidden without the permission recently completed project was a refit of of the Editor in writing superheeters for the guided missile HMAS Perth. NAVY The magazine of the Navy League of Australia

JULY, 1SBS Babcock COMTiMTS

EareweU to HMAS . 4 y«w Submarint Project . 7 The Hasp Class . 10 The Impossible Takes a Little

Soviet \aval Power I98S . 14 . 20 . 21 USr\ . 26 . 27 . 28 Reserve Training Vessels of the RSZN W Stop Press — HMAS WOU.ONGONG 32

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Out (fate* 'PfottyiajtA Ex HMAS MELBOURNE is towed to China, April 1985. The RAN* new fleel replenishment ship, SUCCESS in the Sutherland Doek. Cockaian Island. sw March. 1985 (Ptw*.> - ABPH K«m Apf.1 i Page On* : xjg&rei The Challenge Australians Face ARLIER this year the writer attended a symposium EATURES of the symposium were the frankness of the discussions, the forward-looking attitudes adopted by national E in Honolulu sponsored by the F representatives and their realism, and an obvious willingness to National Defence University, at which 13 Pacific work together for the common good The ASEAN nations have already shown what can be achieved given goodwill on all sides and an ability to countries were represented by a mix of serving and translate fine words into deeds — the last requiring the most effort former diplomats, military leaders, scholars and others After listening to the discussions the question that came to the writer's mind was — what pan will Australians play in what is widely involved in Pacific affairs. The countries included the seen a. a dawning "Pacific Age"? In many ways Australia is a potentially ASEAN group, China, Japan, New Zealand, Taiwan, important country — in a strategic sense, lying at the junction of the Indian and Pacific Oceans and dominating a large part of the Southern South Korea, Australia and, of course, the host Ocean, it is already important, both globally and regionally Australia is country. India and Pakistan were also represented. resource-rich, but nowhere near fully developed The population, The object of the symposium, titled "Regional Balances of Security although small, is on the whole well-educated and the skills are available For these and other reasons the future should be bright in the Pacific Basin", was to explore ways and means of co-operating indeed together to ease tensions and ensure stability in the area, essential if the countries are to continue to develop and realise their full potential It has to be said though, that we appear to be muffing our chances Generally speaking, little interest is shown in our neighbours and the way Subjects discussed ranged from technology and scientific exchange, they are forging ahead We are preoccupied with what are largely through arms control to threats to regional stability Given the fact that parochial matters and almost everywhere sectional interests can be seen the Pacific is one of the most heavily militarised areas in the world, with pursuing their particular interests with scant regard to the effect on others over a million men under arms in Vietnam. Kampuchea and Laos, or the country Nowhere is this selfishness more evident or more one and a half million on the Korean Peninsula, over four million in noticeable abroad than in the maritime industry, where strife seems to be China, at least a third of the Soviet Union's ground forces, that country's accepted as a fact of life, it is not. of course, as we will one day find out if largest fleet and growing strategic and tactical Air Forces; and very large the waste of resources continues to be tolerated *&5* US forces, it was not surprising that military threats to stability received Australians could play a constructive part in their region and more attention than anything else Economic "threats" were not. perhaps beyond it. but only with a sense of national purpose and a however, disregarded willingness to make the necessary effort One was reminded at the symposium of the diversity of the Pacific nations • Population sures ranging from 8.000 people in Nauru's 8 square to China's one billion in 4 million square miles • Huge differences in per capita wealth — ranging from $US 18.000 (in GEOFFREY EVANS Brunei) to S3S0 in some of the small island States Federal President • Cultural, religious and philosophical traditions ranging from The Navy League of Australia Confucianism and Buddhism to Islam and Christianity On the other hand, there are many common (actors Most Pacific Stale Dockyard Newcastle i> the most countries favour a market-orientated economy and appreciate the role of DEADUNE logical site in Australia tor the the individual entrepreneur, human resources are generally abundant, educational levels are relatively high and literacy ahead of other regions. The deadline for the October issue of construction of the new generation of i strong technological base has been formed in many countries and for the Royal Australian linked with a disciplined and skilled workforce has produced remarkable The Navy is Navy. results — in South Korea. Taiwan and Singapore, for example, in a 1st AUGUST, 1985 "l«l nfiw ' comparatively short period S.D.N, delivers • on time • high productivity BRAMBLES MARINE • mature, effective Industrial relations AND ENERGY SERVICES • a "greenficld" site with Australia's most extensive A Division of. . .BRAMBLES INDUSTRIES LIMITED engineering and marine Providing Specialised Service to ... COMMERCIAL SHIPPING AND THE infrastructure to back it up. OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY SDn • Marine Towage • Harbour Lighterage • Deep Sea Diving & Engineering • Supply Boats Services FOR ENQUIRIES AND SERVICE — S.D.N, and Submarines Page Two THE NAVY July, 1985 July, 1985 THE NAVY Papa Three FAREWELL TO HMAS * MELBOURNE *>

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Fighting Service and we become professional by living with danger and being able to handle it She had accidents, but less than her fair share It is not surprising that the two major collisions, in which she was the innocent victim, attracted a lot of attention and some cynical and sensational publicity We must remember that in both of those accidents the Carrier was found, after exhaustive investigations (two Royal Commissions and an International Board of Inquiry), to have been t completely innocent Those who say that Melbourne "claimed the lives of a number of people should be sued for slander She did not cause one death and. in fact, she saved the lives of many The Navy has been proud of her and every sensible Australian should have shared that pride — there are many that do She certainly had many admirers In Darwin after Cyclone Tracey, where she and her Air Group did fine work. Sailors have never welcomed a posting to a big ship and there will have been few who were pleased to hear that they had a draft to the MELBOURNE But It was always interesting to see how quickly Officers and Sailors became part of the team on board the MELBOURNE and worked together to keep her smart and efficient She was always Commanding Officers had to worry about the safety of the catapult, crowded and uncomfortable, usually happy, and always had a great anester gear and other machinery The ship owes us nothing, but spirit She stood as an example of what a large group of average Australia, as a whole, is in her debt Australians could achieve, given a sense of purpose Would that There is no doubt that some of the options which have been Australia as a country could achieve the standards set by her flagship available to Australian Governments are no longer available Some of She was overworked, used and abused, admired, cherished, sworn at the things which the Australian Defence Force could do can no longer be HE old MELBOURNE has finally left her moorings in Sydney Harbour and is now at the and loved by those who lived in her breaker's yard. The statistics about her career have been chronicled elsewhere: thousands of done A significant capability is missing T It is good to see that the HMAS MELBOURNE Association is off to miles steamed, thousands of deck landings and launches, the Officers who commanded her. a good start The contingent that marched in Sydney on Anzac Day 1985 under the MELBOURNE banner drew a lot of favourable comment FAREWELL, OLD LADY Fleet Commanders whose flag she wore, exercises in which she took part, accidents and the and it Is to be hoped that many of those people who served in the ship countries in which she showed the Australian Flag. during her life will show their support for her memory by joining the Association Since she joined Her Majesty's Australian Fleet in 195b she has been the most powerful single unit in ihe Australian Defence Force The Because of a decade of procrastination in the Defence Department, ship and her squadrons of aircraft, varied in types and numbers to suit we kept her running and working until she was past her peak Towards the needs ol the moment, endowed Australia with significant strength the end of her life she was becoming difficult to maintain, her last few and influence Australian Governments have, for more than a quarter of-a century had at their disposal this impressive and powerful token of political and diplomatic will The ship was a messenger able to influence and impress neighbours, whether they were allied, uncommitted, or r HMAS MELBOURNE potentially hostile to us She allowed Australia to make a contribution 10 ASSOCIATION international exercises which encouraged or even guaranteed, a high level response from other participating countries She was an Application for Membership advertisement of Australia's commitment to regional security and co operation She was a real symbol of Australia's status, prestige and Title Name influence She proclaimed the message that Australia was a useful friend and a supportive ally, and would not be a pushover in conflict She had Address the ability to support the Army ashore and to supplement the Air Force m the air defence of Australia and the secunty of the shipping lanes Phone Surface ships were safer or. lo put it the other way. less vulnerable because of the anti-air and anti- protection she offered Membership Fee $2.00 Enclosed ( ) Tick

Her safety record was the envy of other Navies and aircraft carriers Return to: During her last 16 years of life there was not a single fatality connected with air operations, and that is a reputation of which most airfields on Captain M. ASTBURY land, whether civilian or military would be proud Like all of our ships, PO Box 706, she was required constantly to engage in manoeuvres and operations DARUNGHURST, NSW. 2010 which were potentially dangerous, we are not the Sea Scouts but a L. Pig* Four THE July, Pag* Five WILLIAMSTCWN NAVAL DOCKYARD NEW SUBMARINE PROJECT

Warship Builders to Australia

PRESS ANNOUNCEMENT

The Minister for Defence, Mr Beszley. announced on the project definition studies hava provided appropriate 21st May that two aubmarina design teams hava baan Information on which to base a decision selected to undertake project definition studies on the Baaed on an acquisition Of all submarines, RAM's now aubmartna pro)act. construction In Australia la expected to coat about $2600 Thay are Ingenleurfcontor Lubock (IKL), Howaldta- million at currant prices. wortto Dautacha Werit (HOW) and the Farroataat group oi "The construction phase of the project la planned to We«t Germany, ottering the IKL 2000 aubmarina, and begin In lata 1007 or early ISM." Kockuma AB of Sweden, ottering the Type 471 aubmarina. Mr Basal ay said ha expected that overseas submarine In addition, two combat ayatama supplfars have baan contenders would establieh firm associations with aalactad to work with each design team. The flrat ta a group Australian companies before protect definition got under lad by Rockwall International, which Includes Singer way. Llbrascope, Thomson CSF and Computer Sciences of "I would like to congratulats everyone Involved In this Australia, and the second la the Netherlands company major project, which has Involved a comprehensive and Hollands* Signsal Apparatan (HSA). exhaustive review of Australia's submarine naada by the "The Government has decided that six new submarines Navy and the Department of Defence," Mr Baazlay said. will be built In Australia," Mr Beeztey said. "The Government's decision to hava all six submarines ' Sub|ect to satisfactory arrangements with the bu I It here reflects the groat significance of the project for Qovornmants Involved, and satisfactory terms and Australian Industry." conditions being negotiated with the aalactad contenders, The aalactad contractors for the project definition wa will place contracts tor the studies In July 1965. studies would: •The study phase Is estimated to coat about $26 • develop their design proposals; • provide a range of coated proposals for Australian •'It Is the first part of a multi-phase project loading to Industry Involvement; the construction of now submarines for the RAN. • provide Information on alternative construction "The purooaa of the studies la to detlne the daalgn locations In Australia; configuration of the new submarines and to provide • Identify logistic aupport and maintenance information On where the submarines will be built and on the scope and nature of Australian involvement. provide firmly priced proposals for the construction "No Australian construction site will be selected until

July. 1985 July, 1985 Page Seven RAN REQUIREMENTS Th« successor to the Oberon class will be a diesel-electnc powered submanne. roughry the same size as (he Oberon it will lake advantage of technological developments in submanne design and performance which have occurred since the Oberon entered service Specifically, the hull will he shorter and fatter, providing better hydrodynamic performance and manoeuvrability, and there will be significant improvements in underwater endurance and maintenance tequirements The penod between recharging batteries (the indiscretion rale) will be extended, whilst the lime taken foi this process will be reduced by improved generating capacity A low noise signature, the capacity 10 cany a weapon load appropriate to Australia's strategic circumstances, good shock resistance qualities and a modern combat system are sought Living conditions for the crew will also.be bettet than m the Oberons. largely becase accommodation will be centralised and sleeping quarters separate from messing facilities There will be 41 in the crew, compared with b3 in the Oberon

Range and Endurance Two important factors in the submarine's selection are its range and endurance The former is particularly important in view of our geographic situation and the great distances which may be involved in deploying submarines to their patrol areas Coupled with a submarine's range are ihe considerations of speed and endurance These are important in determining its ability to remain on task, in particular in patrol areas and hence its potential ability to A Nacken class submanne designed and built for the Royal Swedish Navy by the Swedish shipbuilders Kockums Rockums have been selected us one of complete a task successfully A submarine's endurance is influenced by the two successful contenders for the protect definition studies, funded by the Department of Defence, which will decide the type of submarine to he built the amount of food, fuel and weapons that can be earned, the crew's for the Royal Australian Navy to replace the RAN » current Oberon class submarine* living and working conditions and the reliability and redundancy of equipment and systems Since receiving the lenders in November 1983. there has been information is fed lo the weapon which is discharged and guided to (he The submanne will usually remain covert when transmitting to a • .i detailed assessmeni of the tenders by a Tender Evaluation Board target The knowledge of the submarine's position and thai of the patrol area and when on patrol It must therefore be a quiet platform which prepared recommendaiions on companies preferred for the targets, of which there may be several, is an important ingredient in with effective sensors such as sonar, periscopes, electronic warfare and project definition phase. accurate delivery of the weapon infra-red detection aids A minimum requirement for "snorting" to There are trends in technology and philosophy which, if lakeii Into recharge the battery is important The indiscretion rate is dependent • comprehensive examination of the project by ihe Defence Source account, will enabk' the RAN to update the combat syslem by frequent upon the efficiency and capability of generators, batteries and. in Definition Committee, which both reviewed the Board's source changes in softwaie. rather lhan by large scale and costly hardware particular hydrodynamic efficiency of the hull and a low "hotel'' load It selection lecommendations and also considered the strategies for updates like that recently completed in the Oberons The new combai needs to recharge its batteries at high rates for short and infrequent further developing the project. An IKL 209 class submanne designed and buifl for ihe Navy of the syslem is planned to be fully integrated, so that a vast amount of periods It is when the submanne is snorting that it is most vulnerable, • consideration by the Defence Industry Policy Commute of guidance Federal Republic of Germany by the West German shipbuilding consor information can be filtered, processed and presented in a m.mnei whkh partly because it is showing masts above the water surface, but more which could be provided at this stage of Ihe project on the scope and Hum Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft fngenteur Kantorlubeck will not overload Ihe Commander in his decision making process particularly because the snorting submarine is noisier lhan when it is Fenastoal nature of Australian industry involvement. operating on battenes This increased noise whilst snorting increases the Rather than a large central computer, distributed processing is • review by the Force Structure Committee of the submarine capability likelihood of detection Should a detection be made or suspected the planned with large scale commonality of components and processes with in light o' cost and other information provided by the tenderers, submanne needs a depth capability, manoeuvrability and burst of speed plenty of redundancy All this should lead to a reduction in logistic costs Phase 3 is the production phase of the project, and relates to the to evade and. if attacked, to resist shock and damage • review by the Defence force Development Committee of the for a system which wilt cost about 25 30 per cent of the oveiall following activities recommendations of the foregoing committees, and submanne unit cost — The development of construction and support facilities in • Ihe development of submissions to the Minister and to Cabinet on Australia. ihe project — The construction of New Construction Submarine 01. REMEMBER THEGOOD OLD NAVY The evaluation of these tenders has led to ihe selection of two — The construction of six submarines companies to undertake in depth studies on the design, production and THE FOUR PHASES OF THE Phase 4 provides for a further construction programme, should it be logistic support of submarines to meet Australia's requirements The required by the Department of Defence PROJECT evaluation of tendered information has also identified areas in which the -MftJkJU. In May 1983 a request for tender (RFT) was issued to seven submarine requirement and the matters to be examined in the studies, submanne builders designers and through them to combat system should be refined" These issues will be addressed by the study companies Some four tonnes of tender documentation for the funded IMPLEMENTATION OF THE contractors PDS from the six responses has undergone evaluation to shortlist the At the end of the studies ihe Department of Defence will have a contenders Six evaluation teams considered the operational, design and PROJECT clear definition of the boat, how lo build it. the infrastructure to support it technical, logistics, production. AIP and contractual, and cost aspects of Phase 1 of the project, project definition, was approved in the and firmly based prices for the many elements of the project An the tenders The evaluation teams provided their individual context of the 1981, 82 Budget, and is intended to lead to selection of a evaluation of those study outputs is planned to lead lo final source mmkj-tmmuZ recommendations for Evaluation Board consideration in March 1984 particular submarine Subsequent phases are not yet approved selection and. it is hoped, a construction contract in 1987 The Board, under the chairmanship of the Chief of Naval Material. Rear The selection of the submarine design is a major task in itself There Admiral W J Rourke. gave its recommendation on source selection to were six contending submarine builders designers from and. in Australian Industry Involvement higher Defence committees in September 1984 The Department's WRIGHT ft LOGAN Wi IRSHIP PHOTOGRAPHS addition, companies from Europe and the US have provided proposals The extent of Australian industry involvement in this project will not W Wright A Logan coPachon ot Warttvf submission on source selection, industry aspects, submanne capability Prtoiographi Item tha 1920* lo ma piatam for combat systems to fit into the platforms of Ihe six submarine be decided until late 1986 at the earliest However, it is planned that all :*, covert Naval ana AuiMry vassals - both Brrtith and Foia^jn considerations and the strategy for further developing the project went to contenders boats be built in Australia »f>r aot M m auflprr raw wffn * manoi*M a aoevWH* at yaixyawr Cabinet in May 1985 Ai a tpaciat oflat io raaaa>* of Tna Ne*t M ara *c* to oflw a ta i 7 mountad The submarine contenders were photograph o» your thip ai 16 Slarfcng aach (mciudat Pott) The announcement by the Minister for Defence will enable the Type 471 KOCKUMS of Sweden Tat if* iha nam* or you imp (and iha yaa you (vara on board! and wa ara 95\ tufa »« Department to begin detailed discussions and negotiations with the CD3 CHANTIERS DUBIGEON of COMBAT SYSTEMS can tuppt* a hand prmrad photo - Tom ";"i"i)i Wa wara not *> buamaaa from ww*5 submarine platform and combat system contenders selected to bul can normaay tuppiy a trvo pnoto U*an WALRUS ROTTERDAM DOCKYARD COMPANY A submanne's combat system includes Us sensors, fire control thorriy betora Of attar Ihra per «d undertake Project Definition Studies The studies are to identify design. of the Netherlands system, navigation and communications equipment and its weapons and Wa can alto supply prmit Horn poticard 10 30 • 30 Australian Industry Participation, logistics, constructions and project Types 2400A and 2400B VICKERS Shipbuilding and Engineenng •heir discharge system The main sensors are sonars of several types, management implications and the preparation of firmly priced proposals Ltd of UK electronic warfare aids, radar periscopes and infra-red detection WRIGHT A LOGAN for their supply All this data will be used in the selection of one PDS Type IKL 2000 HOWALDTSWERKE - DEUTSCHE equipment The information provided by these sensors is computed, NEW IN 20 QUEEN STREET «WI Ft* cafcMr poaura (M • 2S J contractor to go forward to Phase 2 — Project Development compared and presented to Ihe command thtough the fire control WERFT INGENIEUR KANTOR P0RTSEA •f AMatoa*. Harmaa. hMncPMa. During Phase 2. production arrangements will be refined, detail LUBECK, FERRASTAAL of FRG system for decision PORTSMOUTH, P01, 3HL IhaMald aM Sir Galahad, ti Starting design finalised, and the production contract negotiated This work will Types TR 1700A and THYSSEN NORDSEEWERKE of FRG The filtered information is used to calculate the appropriate solution •acft. Mduahra * poata«a. pacfcMg ENGLAND and VAT culminate in the letting of the production contract in 1987 TR 1700 for firing at a target which may be 60 miles away Fire control

Jtriy, 1985 July, 1M5 THI The command, control, commui ications and intelligence (CD functions have been relocated, from the superstructure in the LHA lo 02 Deck This move enables the vital command spaces to The be better protected against battle damage with structural steel bulkheads and decks to keep out splinters The C I functions are also more com prehensile, to support the Admiral and staff Wasp when embarked Large screen displays in the Combat Informa lion Centre (CICI Landing Forces Operation Centre (LFOC) and Rag Plot enhance tactical Class cu operation Additional automated CI systems are planned, including ihe Marine Tactical Amphibious Command Control System (MTACCS) which will be used by the landing by ANTONY PRESTON force commander in the l.KK' Compared wilh Naval Editor, Janes Defence the LHAs, air traffic control capability is consi derably improved enabling better use to be Weekly made of the AV KB Harriet II ground support aircraft Special ,lispi •• - will be dedicated to monitoring air movements around the ship and its amphibious group HE US Navy's amphibious In addition to :he LCACs ihe Wasp class wilt T strength will be increased by embark assault helicopters the STOVL Harrier the addition of a new category of tl aircraft conventional landing traft and van ous Hacked and wheeled venules assault ship, the LHD The con­ tract to build LHD.l. since PROGRESS The design contract mentioned above was named Wasp, went to Lirton's placed with Ingalls in December 1981 Long Ingalls Shipbuilding Division at Arum impression of the (/SiVs new LHD term lead items at a total cost of $55 million Pascagoula. Mississippi in 1984. the full storv nf the l.HD goes back much were funded in FY83, followed by $1365 7 mil further lo the I17(k when the US Mann* t990l A total of nine .llMXtn ton assault ships lion for constructon in EYS4 The contract was although design began in 1981 Corps put forward its needs lot the 1980s and (I.HAsI was planned but the Carter Adminis awarded in February last year and the Wasp is tration cut this lo five These, the class planned lo join the fleet in 1989 Three more (I.HA 1 5/ arc highly successful and are the are planned LHD 2 A. to be funded under lABI i i backbone of the USMC's amphibious lift, but FY86. FY88 and FY89 The original intention LHA I 5 tMDl there is universal agreement thai four more was lo build seven as replacemen" 'or the lou-o Displacement 39300 i 40.5001 would have been better During the eight years Jimo class LPHs, but the new goals and force since the last of the LHAs was laid down, there levels ol President Reagan's 600 ship navy Dimensions 250m x 32m x Km 257m R 32m x 7 9m was pressure to build more of this proven Ivpe mean thai the first five or six LHOs will aug Machinery 2 shaft geared -li'iim turbines 1 shaft geared '.team turbine bu: inevitably as the time passed the precise mem existing strength, and not until then will 140.000 dip 70.000 shp requirements underwent changes FrORI these the fotM lArrM class he phased oul In all 1) I.HDs are projected and. if they are built, will Speed 24 kt 20 kl emerged a modified version of the l.HA. and lo provide a significant increase in the US Navy's Complement 920 (+ noOrroopsI 10M0 ( • 1H7U troops) distinguish it the designation LHD was adopted sealitt and power projection through into the The hull ol the LHD is basically similar to the nexi century l.HA (see Table! the principal difference being the reduction of installed power by half, which reduced top speed to 20 kt However, there are UGS TARAWA A dunng her sect trials in 19 many other minor changes Externally the atmament has been upgraded to meet the air threat of the 1990s Three 5 in 54 cal Mk 45 USS Wasp (LHD 1) specifications guns have been replaced by 20 '""' Phalanx Displacement 4(».Sim t Catlings for close in defence against missiles, (full load) while the original Spanow Basic Point Defence Dimensions V --. •• Systems (BPDMS) wilt be replaced by NATO Sea Sparrow (NSSMS) for short range Machinery 2 shaft si esttnsjhouse geated defence against air attack In addition the sur turbines 70.000 shp. 2 Com veillance systems will be upgraded to integrate •yk bustion Engineering boilers the automatic detection and tracking functions Speed 211 kt into the combat system Aircraft AH IT Cobia UH IN Hues The electronic warfare system will have the (typical types! CH 46E Sea Knighl CH MI) Sm Stallion CH 53E Super latest AN SLQ 32(V)3 equipment It is capable Stallion AV8B Harriet II of decoying missiles with passive decoys or by

active jamming An AN SLQ-25 Nixie torpedo 4 ' * Landing craft LCAC. LCU. LCM LVTP 7 decov system is also fitted, plus Mk 36 Super Missiles 2 8 cell NATO Sea Sparrosv RBOC chaff dispensers SAMs The hull is similar in sue and configuration to Guns :t Mk IS Phalans CIWS 8 (he LHA. with a floodable welldeck closed to 12 7 mm machine guns the sea by a large stern gate The major dil lerence is the need to operate the LCAC Complement 98 officers ol POs 921 amphibious air cushion landing craft The enlisted met f* IS70ttoopsl welldeck has been reduced by 7 9m to 15 25m Radars SPS "'. ami SPS M isurface to improve the docking arrangements (or the search) SPS 52C and SPS LCACs There is more than 2044 m; of vehicle 49 lair surveillance). Mk 23 space and 9290 m of cargo space USA' PKLF.LIU in™- - lists. (target acquisition) Juty. 1M5 July. 1965 Page Eleven RAAF Richmond locale some genuine WWII nuts and bohs slashed away in the early '40s I when the yellow hordes posed a threat to the — ^ » ^ Australian way of life For these and other feats of legerdemain, we have a debt of gratnude which will be difficult to repay 1 A lew dollars (rom the FAA Museum Fund ^^Lrarl Lrararararau.* ^^^^araraT *4rarfl \^^r bought hard to get spark plugs. O' rings and bits various which could not be manufactured or . ^LrarW J-drarararar^^a^^irarl brought up to flight worthiness due to the need .tM _HrarK--f ^^ KirarararararaW_^ to maintain the highest quality assurance with respect to the right material or heat treatment Perished elaslomerics created a difficult prdb lem to beat but the suppliers met all our needs every time

Completion of the work list required the set .:•••- of an aviator to wring out the product lest weevils botch or murrain had been over looked, despite the best efforts of our workers *76e *?*nfio44i6ie *7*6e4, a dv AHIMKI ing interest in the project after learning of the ecological honor plan to pass a "Bush razor" available for the extensive rework necessary to repaired or serviced as necessary and after across the odd tree which had come to magnifi JLi I j-i JI 11 URING mid-1984, ensure that this venerable collection of well replacement were ground tested for perform cent maturity over the years since the "Dakota" The learn responsible /or the 111' flight (Photo - AJIPH tl.nK AlttM) D HMAS Nirimba's Air used components would remain in dirigible lor ance The Air School staff enjoyed much had been shoe horned Into position Engineering School was asked mation for the time required lor a flight to NAS enthusiastic support from the Craft Schools in To prove that the aircraft was ready (or flight The aircraft was finally parked near the tennis Nowra Dunng the course of the "Tracker" dnd the form ol welding heat treatments and some The movement of the aircraft Irom the LCDR Talbot took the machine along the Scho courts to await the date of departure, whtrh the to determine the feasibility "Skyhdwk" (wed wing disposal negotiations a best not discussed remedies for some of the hangar area to the runway was carried out fields runway at near flying speeds, jammed on Ait Department hoped would occur before the of restoring their DC-3B window opened upon "Oliver Airlines" who. as more tired looking parts unearthed during the smoothly and efficiently under the supervision (he anchors and generally established that the elements reduced her once again to a sad hulk War Assets buyers, .u.• dble to fly elderly aircralt more severe surgery of )usi about everybody from the Bosun's Party, appropriate nuts and bohs had been well and fit only for the fire pit (torn A 10 B. as ts, where is. provided that faults "DAKOTA" to flight worthi­ By October 1W4. all the resources of HMAS ATs under training, and some Air School per truly reefed home Nothing fell off. the brakes Then, at 1530 on 18th Apnl. the RANs last discerned by their inspection team are properly Ninmba and NAS Nowra that could be sonnel who tended to express concern when did. as did the propellers and. as a statement of airworthy Dakota, piloted by a RAAF Dak' ness, even though it had spent rectified in accordance with the best trade prac manoeuvred within the regulations had been steam locomotives, ships propellers and tele confidence, our aviator commented that he pilot, became airborne from Schohelds arrising ten of its forty years as a train­ ticev and ihdt alt vital systems function as per I'uhdiisii'd graph poles could be seen hurriedly getting in safely and with no hitches ai Nowia about 40 specifications would be willing 10 compete the ferry flight any ing aid. Overtures were made to the RAAF who as the way time minutes later spies reported had tons of "Dak" spares This It w«i hoped Ihjl il might be flown lo NAS Ftom June to October of 19W the essential intelligence when put to the acid test pro Nowra .ii .1 Fleet An Aim MJWUDI exhibit and duced a solitary rudder assembly Luckily the :\ isii.iii.ii Bit en left nidi I lypasl andidah systems (flying control, hydrdulic (Lap brake other branch of supply the old buddy net. had I':. main .'•::•., ..i. o( achieving legal dirworthi and engine etc) wete removed, examined ness wds m am ly one ol logistics -ii• amakjum <•( spares d. a i Lability dnd of properly directed nidn power fully qualified on type Fortunately the AF-S boosted d numbei ol instructor who hem li ironies dnd -tr.-i. fn- ! wrenches when the "D«k" wds stdie of thv drt d great iron In i wondrous to behnkf Mi Jim Inkson dnd Mi Brut? Williams both greasy tagged tlt>.it wdy dtound aircraft as WWII rndin tamers of dircrdfl now mostly remembered in song dnd story dt ctew 100m lying sessions Builders of Commercial end Jim wds d Wditdiil Officer F.ngine Filter RAAF dnd Brn «• d Sergeant Airframes Fitter Industrial Projects KAAF. both hau seen more than a picture of ilte Dakoid and remembered how to tune the donks' and beat out the more severe dents As Registered Office: ATA instructors, tin i skills were retained in a high order of readiness U- RICHARD ANDREWS After discussions with the Department of Atr LEGAL & GENERAL BUILDING worthiness with respect lo getting dpproval of d 55 PHILLIP STREET, PARRAMATTA, NSW, 2150 i>ne (right only certificate it became evident thai ihetr requirements (or minute inspeition, fault documentation fault rectification dnd certi Site Office: (nation by service personnel working to current CI- WEST DOCK WEAPONS WORKSHOP standards was not feasible because the aircraft no longer has full logistic support i e . no GARDEN ISLAND NAVAL DOCKYARD spares in stock, no civil contracts for parts over NSW, 2000 haul and no naval type .••••-•. mainiainers In addition to the bleak hardware and man Phone: (02)356 4633 power situation, there wds no authority lo spend money on this desirable but apparently man intensive project However due to a Navy Office decision not lo recruit Arr Technical Aircraft Apprentices for a year Mr Inkson and Mr Williams became

July. IMS SOUIET NAUAL FORCES — 1985 HE growth of the Soviet T Navy since 1960 and the expansion of its oceanic areas of operation have made it a highly visible symbol of increasing Soviet military capabilities. Dunnu. this period the ballistK missile sub marine force has become the second most imponant Mr.Hi .}K .ii'i • Mi.' N.iiei Attni'.i Farces while the Navy's power. moMm. and capability f«r world wide deployment give il the .jtvtliTv ti-ateoi, strike capahtlititv and Slora class guided missile cruiser bined arms high command in the appropriate submarine warfare operations tre attack missions to some of the 21 remaining TVD Under each flee) commander there are YANKEE I subm.itires carry out strategic submarine IBUTH had halhs Three units of one of the most modem Soviet several major operational elements, including tic and cruise mlssik' stnk»s when directed • protect vital sea lines of communication would he countering Western naval strike ballistic missile submarines, the TYPHOON, Force Developments The Soviets have surface and submarine forces, naval base com­ • counter the perceived ihreat tn>m Western iSrOC). and (•roups, especially aircraft carriers and cruise have already been built Each TYPHOON car­ launched two units of a new class of SSBN. the mands, naval aviation and naval Infantry. While MM baatd strategic forces • interdict Western SLOCs missik* equipped platforms approaching the ries 20 SS N-20 solid-propellant MlRVed DELTA IV. which will be fitted with the SS NX the fleet commands provide administrative, • .i, l,iete -• It'->'• II »• •"•- THIOENT (OHIO Claw) St»N sis on quieting, speed, nuclear propulsion. The Soviet Navy is comprised of four tnaior TYPHOON -Ct— weapon versatility and incorporation of fleets Northern Fleet. Pacific Ocean Fleet. advanced technologies Baltic Fleet and Black Sea Fleet Fleet head- £Z =SJ quarleis are located at Severomorsk (or the -tn>-oo» BteWT—«••- -MMfflWtaMMB- =a This emphasis has been underscored dra­ Northern Fleet. Vladivostok for the Pacific matically since 1983 with the Introduction of Ocean Fleet. Kaliningrad for the Baltic Fleet four new classes of nuclear-powered attack sub­ and Sebastopol for the Black Sea Fleet In marines. The MIKE SSN. at almost 10.000 peacetime, the fleet commanders report directly i v^S 'main primarily a operational, and a third ship is under construe guraiions include the option of an angled laun land based force Numbering over 1.600 air Hon ching ramp - or ski jump — in place of cala craft. SNA alone is larger thai* most of the national air forces in the world todny Since the Other new construction combatant programs pulls that would limit the lype and performance of embarked fixed wing aircraft and would mid 1950s, when the force was first equipped show similar evidence of Soviet concern for the with missile carrying ret bombers uvapons sys multidimensional aspect of modern naval war degrade the operational flexibility of ihe an wing lems and tactics associated with its principal fare All new principal surface combatants are antiship strike mission have been progressively equipped with surface to air missiles and sen In support of the development of aircraft for upgraded The Tupelov designed variable- sors and weapons for antisubmarine warfare, in the new carrier the Soviets have an active test - geometry wing BACKFIRE bomber entered the «tfcv s^^ -4» A ij t Ura*?', 'J! * ^ -j*****" addition to helicopters and specialised and evaluation progam underway at Saki naval SNA inventory in 1974 and b currently T weaponry The SOVREMENNYY DDG. lor airfield in the Black Sea There, the Soviets deployed in the Black Sea. Baltic Sea and Pact example, is estimated to carry 44 SAN 7 short have constructed a 975 foot flight deck outline, ftc Ocean Fleets The BACKFIRE can cany -0&S$ range surface to air missiles, a HELIX heli arresting gear and aircraft barricades and a antiship missiles, bombs, or mines and exhibits ^•^JfrSsr*' 4 copter. 53 cm torpedoes and 120 anti catapult remains under development In addi marked improvements in performance, nearly submarine rockets, as well as 8 SS N 22 super lion, two ski-iump ramps have been erected to doubling the combat radius of its BADGER and sonic anhship missiles test aircraft in short, rolling, ramp assisted lake BLINDER predecessors A newer era still in Soviet naval development oris will begin soon with the launching of a new type Although it will take several years after Swing wing lighter bombers are also assigned of aircraft carrier now under construction at launch and fitting out and training with an to SNA Its FITTER C aircraft, which can cany Nikolayev in the Black Sea Expected to dis operalional ait wing to develop a credible over 7.000 pounds of ordnance, are well suited place some 65.000 tons, this new unit will operational effectiveness, the new Sovtel earner to such roles as the support of Soviet amphibi probably incorporate a nuclear propulsion syv will enable the Soviets to extend their opera ous forces and anhship attacks agamsi fast and tern based on that of the KIROV nuclear lions beyond Ihe umbrella currently provided by highly manoeuvrable small combatants Naval powered guided missile cruiser CGN land based aviation The high performance air FITTERs were first assigned to the Baltic Fleet The ultimate flighi deck configuration of the craft of Ihe embarked air wing will permit the and a new naval unit was fotmed recently in the new carrier is still not confirmed and the aircraft Soviets to conduct integral air defence of task Pacific groups, decrease the vulnerability of Iheir :_. -win h^<^ 3 .+^mk Jfl^H fur its air wing are still under development In ASW is an important and growing n order for this carrier to be capable of flight deployed surface forces and eventually conin bule to overall national air defence SNA as new and improved airborne sensors are operations comparable in kind and tempo to deployed A BEAR f lurboprop variant, designed for ASW missions, was introduced in ^ Surface. Ship Companion* 1970 and has since been upgraded For ship USSR US board applications a new ASW helicopter. Ihe HELIX, became operational in 1980 Nj«w ClaM Aircraft Cariiar NIMItZ Claw Aircraft Cam.

Tf !=l \j U Amphibious Forces Kara cfass guided missile cruisers nvri- the first to rurrv three separate missile systems (PTMMO - USN) Another area of continuing development in ihe Soviet Navy is then amphibious assault hie of firing a wide range of submarine emphasis as well Patrols by the OSCAR Class targeted beyond the ship's horizon by onboard KIEV Claw QuiDM M....1. VSTOl Aircraft Cam* VIRGINIA CHur,ul()«lM,i,l|,c.uiv force. Soviet Naval Infantry |SNI) Since 1968 launched weapons including the SSN 15 nuclear powered cruise missile submarine have HORMONE helicopters or information derived Soviet amphibious warfare capability has nuclear depth bomb, the SS N 16 ASW missile now become routine At 14.000 tons, the from satellites or land-based long range aircraft improved steadily and ihe SNI now numbers and possibly the SS NX 21 land attack SLCM OSCAR is fitted with 24 submerged-launched. This class also carries an array of other some 16.000 troops allocated among the four The second nuclear powered attach sub 550 kilometre, nuclear capable SSN 19 anti weaponry and support equipment, including i = — ~ AL fleets Each western fleet has a naval infantry marine introduced in 1983 was the SIERRA At ship cruise missiles, targeted primarily against ovet 100 long and short range surface-to air O-tplacamartl 11 000 ICH brigade ol some 3.000 men. while the Pacific 8 0(10 tons the SIERRA is about 20 per cent NATO earner battle groups In addition to con missiles, air defence gun batteries, tactical sen Ocean Fleet contains a single 7.000-man divi larqer than the VICTOR III. which was mtro tinued OSCAR production, the Soviets are pro sors. electronic warfare systems and advanced KtROV Cia»«0uid*d Mm.M c TICONDEHOQA ciawCu-dad MMtoCra •Jon duced only four years earner In this era of ceeding with a program to convert the older communications devices The 600-foot flight rapidly developing technologies, the SIERRA is 1960 vintage SSN 3 equipped ECHO II deck accommodates both HORMONE and Unlike Ihe larger US Marine Corps, which a flear demonstration of the high priority that SSGNs to the improved. 550 kilometre, super HELIX helicopters and the FORGER lemcal could carry oui extensive independent opera submarine development programs receive in sonic SS N 12 antiship missile short lake off and landing (V STOLl aircraft lion, the SNI's primary mission is lo spearhead the Soviet Union Technological advances are ihat is capable of daylight attack, reconnais amphibious landings fur other ground forces — incorporated into designs as soon as practical sance and intercept missions sometimes in concert with airborne troops Surface Forces Secondary missions would be to hold captuted and while SIERRA differs little in hull form from The surface forces of the Soviet Navy also A new era in Soviet warship development the VICTOR III it is bebeved to have a larger littoral areas and lo defend naval complexes continue to improve their ability to fulfil a broad began in 1980 with the appearance of the initial Sl.AVACIaaiGu.dad M.n.la Cruitaf SPHUANCC-Claw 0«uovar pressure hull and improved capabilities The SNI is highly mechanised, equipped with range of naval operations, especially m waters units of the most technologically advanced tracked and wheeled amphibious vehicles, A third submarine development of 1983 typi distant from the USSR In general ihe afloat classes yet produced These included the first including PT 76 lanks and BTR-60 armoured lies another aspect of Soviet philosophy, which forces are modern and well equipped Soviet nuclear powered surface warship the e^ personnel carriers The recent addition of is to incorporate new innovations into older The trend in Soviet '".m u surface warship pro KIROV guided missile cruiser and the UDA H'WIKI™! IWI 122 mm serf-propelled Howitzer artillery and des»gn«. thus extending the service life and tac grams has been toward larger technologically LOY and SOVREMENNYY guided missile des other upgraded weapons has improved the tnal utility if its submarine force In this case. more sophisticated units Construction of these trovers In 1982 the first of a new class of gas organic firepower of SNI units the ballistic missile lubes were removed from a Soviet ships over the last decade has produced turbine powered guided missile cruisers — the YANKEE SSBN in a process that converted the increasingly larger ships with an upgraded array SLAVA - entered the inventory The SLAVA UDALOV CI.«G...ri.d M....I. Datliovai OliVIR HAZARD r>IflNV CU*»Gu>dad M.it.i. ' -u-" Amphibious lift for ihe naval tnfaniry is pro­ unit to an attack submarine This YANKEE of weapons systems and complementary sen is equipped with 16 SS N 12. 550 kilometre vided by a number of specialised ships, the SSN has probably been re equipped with up sors These ships can cruise for longer dis range antiship cruise missiles 64 SA No air JJ*w, largest ol which are the two IVAN ROGOV dated systems such as fire control and sonar in tances. carry more ordnance, and conduct a defence missiles. 40 SA N 4 point defence mis Class amphibious assault transport docks addition to other modifications that will enable it greater range of operations than their predeces •••'•- a 130 mm twin barrel, dual purpose gun. O.UMKWWI I R (LPDsl The IVAN ROGOV can carry four to launch a wider variety of weapons sors This has created a new flexibility and vet and the surveillance variant of the HORMONE Ml I IX helicopters and has bow doors and a In 1984 another new class of nuclear satility for Soviet surface forces in carrying out helicopter wei well-deck at the stern that can accommo­ deployed operations on a world wide scale powered attack submanne - the AKULA-Class Each of these classes is currently :n series SOVREMENNVV C date two LEBED air cushion vehicles

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AUTHORISED SPARES AND SERVICE AGENTS FOR ufWIKDMIO UM Mil I B4W #Un GOTAVERKEN A MITSUBISHI PLUS MODERN RECONDITIONING FACILITIES rTYLMTD AND VERY SOON, EXCHANGE FACILITIES Water Street, Birchgrove, NSW. 2041 Julilee Engineering has developed a modem facility tor the PO Box 144. Balmain, NSW. 2041 reconditioning of high cost diesel engine components such as Pistons. Cylinder Covers. Exhaust Valve Spindles and Telephone. (02)810 0115 Seats for the above range of engines. In the near future It i$ planned to provide an exchange service for After Hours. 810 0118 reconditioned component parts Telex. Hosbay AA27418 Delta III missile submarine iPhocn - USNi Page Eight«n THE NAVY July, 1985 July. 1985 THE NAVY Page Nineteen EUROPEAN NAVAL NEWS 'In Photographs' Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP GAYUNDAH" (Photos oourtray WRIGHT & LOOAN] Realistic Ship Handling Training Can Now Be Done Without Going to Sea A land-based, computer- controlled simulator, designed to teach young naval officers many of the practical applications of ship- rimwin ~~ —,>~*"^—i »l—MM handling (thai previously had to be learned the hard way, on a ship's bridge at sea), became operational for the Royal Australian Navy in late April. U».' RAN bridge simulator. ihe first military maritime simulator of its type in the world, was officially opened at HMAS Watson. Sydney, by the Minister for Defence. Mr Kim Beazley. on Wednesday. April 24. 19H5 The simulator, which is housed in a specially designed building, was developed to train junior naval officers tn ship manoeuvring and navtga i tun It is controlled by computers which can run pre set exercises. CH carry out verbally infected commands to present realistic situations to Irainees These might include demanding manoeuvres in close formation with other war ships, or avoidance of impending collision or grounding, which would be impractical in real The recently completed RCT iRoyal Corps of Transport) vessel The new River class minesweeper HMS WAVENEY. purpose built foi life ANDALSNF.S coming Mo Portsmouth on its first visit in July 1984 ihe Reserve W 4 The bridge mock up. which can be confi r ifhM.. - ISPtl BfeWP Hi".." gured to reptesent a guided missile destroyer HMAS WATSON* nm bnd«.- iimufafu

guided missile frigate, or a destroyer escort, A FIRS r FOR HMAS ST1RLIN includes radar display, instrumenlalion and communications systems normally found OR bridges..! RAN ships The simulator can mil pitch and vibrate under computer control to simulate ship charac t emtio during manoeuvres, or the effects of calm to heavy sea conditions This realism will be enhanced by the simulator generating back tround noises normally present on a bridge at tea To complement the real life image of a ship's bridge at sea. a panoramic scene surrounds it The Tracker Mk tl class patrol craft HMS HUNTER, arriving m over an arc ol 250 degrees reflecting Portsmouth August 1984 These craft have been bui'f primarily for The Dutch Alkmaar class mmehunter HrMs SCHEVENINGEN during computer generated images from 11 overhead reserve training facilities, with a wartime local patrol role exercises at Portland. August 1984 colour protectors Vtfwr ,- In this way. Irainees will be presented with T* ~*^;» • surrounding seascapes which can comprise »•-• m n itfTB

Pag* Twenty-two July, 1985 July, 1M5 Page T wenty• three Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP GAYUNDAH" Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP GAYUNDAH" Navy Helicopter Major Exercises with US and NZ

The Australian Defence Force carriers, HMAS TOBRUK RAN landing craft now begun and further 1 would be Fills. HAAF and RNZAF transport aircraft and Boost to would host two major bilateral exer­ announced in due course helicopters A total of about 4 bOO men and Mt Bea/ley said consideration was being cises — one involving the United women would participate given to holding a ma(or national exercise in the Australian States and the other New Zealand — Detailed planning fot the two exetcises had Kangaroo series next year later this year, the Minister for Industry Defence, recently announced. The Minister for Defence. Kim The firsl exercise to be known as Coral Sea NAVY TO SHOW THE FLAG would involve Australian and US maritime an Be?'ley, has announced thai the and land forces and would be held off the east Government would go ahead with Australian coast in October the purchase of eight Sikorsky S- The second exercise, named Tasman Wat 70B-2 Seahawk helicopters for the not would be held in the Shoalwater Bay Training Area neat Rockhampton Queens RAN land, in ia.e October and early November It "Fatal CcbfMi hi- endorsed the Australian would involve mainly land and ait forces froir Industry Participation package proposed by The (IS Moot nuclear powered Sturgeon clots submarine USS PUFFER makes readi fa Australia and New Zealand Sikorsky Aix rafl of the Untied Stales as being .1 deport tram the HMAS Stirling fleet support fanfiti M Western Australia on 9lh Mai The The two exercises would replace txercise satisfactot, base from which to ntyoiiaie a put small naval tug QUOKKA stands by TTius was PUFFER* third 1 vi to Western Australia Kangaroo "85, which had been planned fot this • hase contnd, Mr BeaA'v -ml since ItH I .HM.. isnil PiinH RAN, pem «i and would have involved force; from all The initial 1 osl of the project In acquire the three nations helm.piers, their sensor and weapons system The cancellation of Exercise Kangatot; KFi •liui j-v * idled equipment is .iboul $.(17 tniltM.ui was made necessary because (he US has deter at April l'»H4 prices with the associated ship mined that military exercises with New Zealand modlAutton coMng a furttiei Vil million are not appropriate at this time." lie said ^BtW^~i'-»'m The Australian Industry program will lay the Kangaroo '85 aimed to ptacttce and further ; 41.1urnlw1.rk lot tin- Australian aircraft industry develop conventional military skills and tactics "ffi* ^ tt to increase its participation in the growing world in three specific ateas ait defence mant me . ••'jfr^t- ~ , -.: ^1 —. htllCOpMl market warfare and mechanised land operations { ic The two exetcises which will teplace Kanga The initial siep is a work package <>l about : VMI million to he incorporated in the purchase too N> will fully meet these important training wmmgf^ f X^l I'^iff^™ contract lot the Navy helicopters directives of the Australian Defence Force "The primary US involvement planned for It is the first stage in the Govenment s plan the maritime and ait phases of Kangaroo Hh to develop (he local helicopter industry ami will will now become the basis of Exercise Coral HMAS PhHTH .«..-.. ».*,. tesull m significant high let htiology work pack Sea ages for Australia s industry Exercise Coral Sea was expected to involve The Royal Australian Navy A highlight of HMAS PERTHs 10-day The contract will provide substantial oppot significant US Navy. Atmy and Ait Force ele 'showed the flag' to a number of deployment to the area was a wreath-laying (unities for the Ausltalian electronics and aero ments Australian forces would include six des ceremony on board ship on May 23 to comme -pace industries to participate in the progidin troyers. two submarines, four pattol ctafl four small island nations in the south­ morale the sinking near Ffoniara. in August and will provide Ausltalian companies with support ships Till Milage and Orion aitcraft west Pacific during the months of 1942. of the cruiset. HMAS CANBERRA access to international markets • replenishment oiler USS ROANOKE was one of the US Nary Battle Group ichtrh two RAAF tadat units and Atmy air defence May and June. About the same time as the two major war missiles A total of about S.5(Ki men and "1 his will give Australian industry access to cisited the Port of Fremantie between 19th and 26lh April. 1985 Also in port at that time ships visits, two Fremantie Class patrol boats was the old RAN fleet oiler HMAS SUPPLY, making an interesting comparison' women would be involved The FTC. HMAS CANBERRA and the new concents and techniques and provide a HMAS FREMANTLE and HMAS . |-h..r,. - I Sttl Elll 1'nni.n HAN) guided missile desttoyer HMAS PERTH, visi showed the Navy colours at a number of ports i >ca! capability for the evolution of the RAN Tasman Warrior w >uld involve soldiers from ted Suv.i Nukualofa Apia Vila and in the south west Pacific, including Apia helicopter during lis 2S year Me the Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment Royal New Zealand Air Force Skyhawk aircraft between May .'" and June 6 Honiara. Lae and Port Moresby "T.ic program also piovides valuable ''esign the headquarters of the Australian Army's 1st HMAS CANBERRA'S visit to Apia (May 30 The two patrol boats also visited the Solomon and development work in othei areas such as Brigade Fi 7th Battalion, the Royal Australian June 41 coincided with ri 10 Marina. Land A ••ck«f* So,'.-. • long term local support for the helicopter contained air conditioned un-is with Continental Breakfast at •..->•- lriun»t.on|ndR#f«.>« ••• n.f» _ Sup«'.'KXi. Ou*it'-«a C'HSui* HV«nJa

P*g* T wenty-four July, 1985 July, IMS Page Twenty-five decommissioning in 1973 to her sale in October 1975 MELBOURNE is USIM DESTROYERS also reported as finally scrapped in 1983' by A. D. MAKER III Despite a downturn in carrier operations through the sixties and seventies, the Royal Navy's belief in the type witnessed the development of the Invincible class, from their early descriptions as thtough-deck cruisers, lo their present designation as light aircraft carriers Carriers will remain an important part of the Royal Navy for many years lo come Pity the same couldn't be said of the Royal Australian Navy

-COMBAT FLEETS OF THE WORLD "NAVAL WINGS" By Adrian Vicary 1984-85" Published by Patrick Stephens Ltd Published by United States Naval Institute Review Copy from Thomas C. Lothian. Melbourne Edited by A. 0. Baker III (English language rdftton) Price 123.95 w^Wf "{ Reviewed by ROSS GILLLTT Reviewed by "PALUMA" Fifty aircraft types which have made up the earner borne squadrons Every two years the prestigious naval reference work "Combat of the Royal Navy since 1912 are described in this book Fleets of the World" makes its appearance on the shelves of booksellers Each entry highlights the statistical informal ton in table form, with across the continent And every two years, the book is a quantum supporting narrative and photographs improvement over and above its predecessor USS Mitscher (DL 2) in 1953 Some RAN Fleet Air Arm aircraft rate a mention, while for others In this, the latest imprint. "Combat Fleets" describes all the warships no notation is made MITSCHER was the first post - World War II US Navy destroyer to be completed, commissioning m May 1953. and was ony.no/ly lo hove been and auxiliaries of 160 navies One of the special ;eatures ol the book is Al only $23 95 "Naval Wings" is recommended to both naval and numbered DD 927 instead the 4. 750 (on ship was initially classed as a "fngate" (DL) and was later extensively rebuilt as a guided missile destroyer the large series of well-prepared scale line drawings of many of (he aviation enthusiasts IDDG 351, rccommrss*omng ."*>' June. 1968 MITSCHER and her three sisters were important as the first destroyers buift with 1.200 lb in' boilers, world's warships Most are described by a key system, which allows easy which produced superheated steam to drive two sets of turbines, giving the ship* a speed of nearly 35 knots in trial* MITSCHER. named for famed identification of most equipment whether it be radars or armament earner admiral Marc A Mitscher. was stricken from the Navy Lot on 1st June. 1978 "Combat Fleets" is updated to early 1985 via a series of addendas. -SHIPS & AIRCRAFT OF THE US FLEET" but it is the photographs within Us covers that makes the book such a Published by Arms ft Armour Press, London in April 1985. valued investment Over 70 per cenl of the illustrations are new. ihe book is available in Australia through compared to the previous edition, and include highly detailed and. most Thomas C. Lothian Pry Ltd. imporiantly. clear views Falling into this category are the new Russian 11 Munro Street. Port Melbourne. Victoria warships commissioned during the past 24 months Recommended Retail Price W.9.95 In respect to Australia, the RAN section spans 12 pages and This reference is a must for any research into the United Slates includes type and numbers of all vessels, even down to the lighters and Navy and its capabilities Lavishly illustrated with 887 black-and-white workboats The new minehunier catamaran is illustrated via line photographs and 12 bne drawings, the book is laid oui in a concise drawings prepared by the book's editor easy-louse format As a prelude lo the main warship reference sections, "Combat Published every third year, this is the 13th edition, desenbtng the Fleets" boasts a series of lengthy tables which describe all available details US Navy in depth at a time when it is undergoing an unprecedented A of naval aircraft, radars, guns, missiles and counter measures peacetime build-up One of the great advantages ol "Combat Fleets", compared to its Containing 31 Chapters covering State of the Fleet. Navy rival "Jane's Fighting Ships", is a narrative section which is continually Organisation. Fleet Organisation. Fleet Marine Force. Rapid Deployment tfimm£ updated, unlike the latter, which seems to repeat the same information Force. Naval Personnel. Naval Reserve. Naval Aviation. Naval Aircraft. year after year "Combat Fleets" is also much cheaper than "Jones" Weapons. Electronics, and chapters on each type of vessel in US Navy The next edition of "Combat Fleets'' is expected lo be published in Service, from Aircraft Carriers to Service craft an upright, rather than horizontal, formal This should lead lo much This is supported by a series of excellent appendices covenng redesigning, making this good book even better subjects such as Coast Guard. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Strongly recommended. Administration. Advanced Technology Ships, and Shipyards USS O'Brien (DD 415) in August 1942 The author. Notman Polmar. needs no introduction An O'BRIEN was a unit of the 12 ship SIMS class (DD 409 420). five of which were lost In combat during World War II DD 415 herself (named for Captain internationally known analyst and writer specialising in the US and Soviet Navies, he is a member of the US Secretary of the Navy's Jeremiah O'Brien, who commanded the sJoop UNITY m its defence of Mochias. Maine, against HMS MARCARETTA in June 1775) was commissioned Research Advisory Committee 2nd March 1940 The 1.960 ton ship survived a torpedo hit on 17th August. 1942. but sank while en route home for repairs on 19th October Noless THE BRITISH AIRCRAFT CARRIER (2nd than five US Navy destroyer type ship* have been named O'BRIEN, including the current DD 975 Retention rales are up. as are ship numbers (SS2 in 1984). as Ihe Edition)" Untied States pushes to attain its goal of a oOOshtp Navy By Paul Beaver In late 1984. the active strength of the US Navy was 68.500 officers Published by Patrick Stephens Ltd and 496.000 enlisted men and women A total of 564.000. this Review Copy from Thomas C. Lothian. Melbourne excluding almost 75.000 reservists on active duly Price 128.95 The ma(or combat units on active service include 14 aircraft carriers. Reviewed by "PALUMA" 135 submarines, two battleships. 29 cruisers. 68 destroyers and 94 frigates I looked forward with great anticpation to this updated reprint of The Bnnsh Aircraft Carrier" The author has assembled a myriad of Many new ships are described, including the Ticonderoga class facts, figures and illustrations for the reader and presented them in a very Aegis missile cruisers. Arleigh Leigh class missile destroyers, Ihe planned informative and readable lor mat SSN 21 advanced nuclear attack submarine and ihe new MSH and MCM minesweeper classes In the second edition. Paul Reaver has added the Falklands campaign of 1982 and included additional news of the Sea Hamer and Some of the fascinating facts found in this book are items such as t al the Invincible class, up to and including the new ARK ROYAL the fact that there are 45 floating dry docks (21 of these leased, six also • '"Sjif" • - k• in«r-ie-'-£" •"- -* ~ - In reserw). ranging in size from 1.000 to 60.000 Ions capacity The book commences with chapters describing the aircraft experiments aboard such ships as HMS ARGUS. HMS FURIOUS. HMS Shipyards is another interesting area, there being some 200 m the GLORIOUS and HMS COURAGEOUS, followed by the carrier exploits USA Some of ihe figures are mind-boggling For example the Newport during the 1930s and the 1939-45 conflict Postwar details, including News Shipbuilding Yards cover an expanse of 435 acres and have a operations in Korea, are described, as well as interviews with the current work force of 28.250 inventors of the mirror landing sight and angled deck Among the Naval Shipyards. Mate Island covers an astounding 4.071 acres and has 10.300 employees The smaller Norfolk Naval USS Harwood (DD 861) in October 1945 "The British Aircraft Carrier" also examines the ships themselves. Shipyard (801 acres) has 13.420 naval and civilian employees HARWOOD (named for naval aviator Commander Bruce L Harwood. winner of the Navy Cross with two Gold Stars for his heroic service in World the acquisition processes and. of course, the aircraft carried by the flat-tops 'The Ships and Aircraft of the US Fleet" is possibly the most War II). was one of 101 GEARING (DD 710) class destroyers to enter service between May 1945 and September 1952 and was commissioned 28th definitive refetence on this subject available today A highly The RAN's two Majestic and one Colossus class bght fleet carriers September. 1945. fust too fate for action during World War II Her appearance in the drawing, however. Is typical of units of the class that saw hard recommended book rate a good mention, although I was surprised to learn that SYDNEY combat during the kite stages of the war in the Pacific After long service in the US Navy she was transferred to on 1st February. 1973 and was had been laid up only recently and will shortly be sold Any "Combat - VTC JEFFERY sunk by accidental bombing on 7th July. 1974 Drawn* 5v A D Bttur Of from NsRSSH Fntdnwn (JSDnM«m An WSSSWl DSSSSS! Hmm.' SSSststssi t> S%g N—I In—uM Phr». AnnopoM MD 21402 Fleets" or "Jane's" would have properly detailed the ships disposal from CONTINUED ON PAGE 29

THE NAVY July, IMS Jury, MM THC IAVY Pant) Twnty —van It would provide a flagship for all regattas and other historic events, It is planned to have the vessel operational by early 1987 Sailing and would provide a suitable representative for Tasmania in the trials would be completed by November 1987 to allow participation in the LADY NELSON PROJECT Bicentenary celebrations in 1988 Bicentenary Celebrations of 1988 FINANCE OF THE PROJECT THE PROJECT TO DATE There is no intention to proceed with the project without significant Tasail is a founding member of the Sail Training Federation of Government support, to ensure its viability Australia which currently consists of Sail and Adventure Ltd, {New This project offers considerable ongoing, statewide publicity and Endeavour. NSW). Jubilee Sailing Ship Project. Inc [One and All. South prestige to such sponsors together with the opportunity to participate Australia), with correspondents being the Western Australia Sail Training Australia wide in the Nation's greatest celebration Association (WA) the International Sail Training Project (Queensland) Major sponsors will be able to have use of the vessel for specified and the Australian Square Rigger Training Association (NSW) penods each year for their own purposes It is believed the money supplied by sponsors over the next three years will be more than recouped in value of publicity and benefits dunng BUILDING SCHEDULE AND BUDGET the next ten years The mial budget (or the Lady Netton project to $458,000 THE FUTURE OF THE PROJECT Stag* I — Preliminary Planning, tank testing, preliminary survey approvals and purchase of matenals The I isail committee believes this a unique opportunity to build a October 1984 lo December 1984 $47,000 replica of the most historic Tasmanian vessel, and to use it as an ongoing educational tool Stage II — Construction of Hull by professional boat builder to launching It is considered more practical to build a new vessel to current survey requirements than to restore an existing ve&sel even if a suitable vessel January 1985 to December 1985 $173,000 was still available within the State Stage III Fitting out of vessel and rigging to completion by the project's own labour The Lady Neison will provide a suitable representative for Tasmania January 1986 to December 1986 $237.500 in the 1988 Bicentenary celebrations, and an ongoing educational experience for thousands of Tasmanian children in the years to follow $458.000 As Tasmanian-buih wooden ships have a well deserved reputation for seaworthiness and long life, often over 100 years, there appears no reason why Lady Nelson should not be working on the Tasmanian coast It is intended to finance this over the next 3 years as follows for the rest of this century Tasmanian Government Grant (estimated) $100,000 It will also be a fitting centrepiece for Tasmania's own Bicentenary in Major Sponsorship from 3 or 4 sponsors, up to $300,000 2003. now only 19 years away Minor Sponsors and supportors Please contact (in cash or in kind) up to $100,000 Dr Joe Cannon (002) 14 2522 (work) 47 9180 (home) Employment grants & subsidies up to $ 50.000 Michael Desmarchelier (002) 34 4788 (work) 23 5016 (home) Fund raising subscriptions, donations up to $ 50.000 BUI Stewart |002) 30 3054 (work) 27 8769 (home)

A glance at the contents gives a quick insight into the depth of this book Chapters include AHed the Great to William the Conqueror. The Elizabethan Galleon. The Rates. Turret versus Broadside. Watts and the Dreadnoughts. The Battle-cruiser. Post Second World War Fngates and LADY NELSON Destroyers, and Coastal Craft One delightful aspect of all 20lh century warship types included in The Tasmanian Sail Training Association was Lady Nelson was also responsible for the initial survey of Tamar this book is the fact that each is covered by a class appearance line formed in 1981 with their principal objects being "to River which resulted in her carrying the first settlers to Port Dalrymple in drawing and every ship of that type is named buiid and maintain in survey a replica of the Colonial Brig, November 1804. establishing whai is now Launceston Approximately one-thrrd of this magnificent book is devoted to the His Majesty's Armed Tender Lady Nelson as an operating i ad\ Nelson also has historic significance to mainland states She delightful eight appendices included in this fascinating section ol (his was the first vessel to discover Port Phillip, and planted crops in reference book public sail museum, and to use her for adventure training Westernport in 1801 She worked out of Sydney for 26 years, taking the "THE FIGHTING SHIP IN THE ROYAL The appendices are as follows A summary of Bntish Naval Events cruises under sail for members of bona fide youth groups, first settlers to Newcastle and Port Macquane and later worked with NAVY. AD 897-1984" from AD 897-1983, British and Enemy Losses (Ships of over 50 guns) for the provision of pleasure outings for under-privileged Matthew Flinders in exploring the Bamer Reef There she was lost, By E. H. H. Archibald 1688-1855. Some Establishments of the Ships. Guns and Men children, for charitable and community purposes believed burnt by natives in the Tones Strait in 1826 Illustrations by RAY WOODWARD 1517-1805. Further Abstracts of the Strength of the Royal Navy to generally" The replica Lady Nelson will be buih as nearly as practicable to the Pnce $33.95 1983. The Naval Surveyors from 1544. Two Gun Establishments from original design, with appropriate modification to meet current survey Available in Australia from Australia & New Zealand Book A Seaman's Grammar. 1627. Flags and Pennants of Command and It is particularly the aim of the Tasail lo "promote opportunities (or requirements, and the use of modem matenals and equipment where Co Pry Ltd Distinction, and finally Types of Shot and Shell people, especially between the ages of 15 and 25 years, (o participate in appropriate An extract from the Appendix 3 section of Edward Vis reign of the voyages in suitable sailing vessels" 10 Aquatic Drive. Frenchs Forest. NSW In sue and appearance it will be as near as possible to the original This book was previously published as "The Wooden Ship in the "General State of the King's Ships" of 26th August. 1552, is divided into It is also the intention of Tasail to complete the Lady Nelson replica six types, an interesting comparison with today's terminology The types in time for the 1988 Bicentenary Celebrations and to use this vessel both maintaining the unique characteristics of an 18th century square rigger Royal Navy" (1968) and The Metal Fighting Ship in the Royal Navy" within Tasmanian waters, and in conjunction with other sail training 11971). which both won awards These two books were reissued as a Nevertheless she will be fined with a dieset engine, and cany all la) 'All these Ships and Pinnaces are in good case to serve, so that vessels in a proposed Bicentenary circumnavigation of Australia appropriate safety and navigational equipment for this day and age Such Ooxed set in 1981. where they quickly sold out Now. for the first time, they have been combined in one splendid they may be grounded and caulked once a year, to keep them The original Lady Nehon was built at Deptford. England in 1799. equipment will be suitably camouflaged to maintain the visual tight'. and was despatched to the colony of New South Wales in 1800 apppearance of the original It is

by ROSS QILLETT

In February 1982, a contract was signed betweeen the Royal New Zealand Navy and Whangarei Engineering & Construction Ltd, calling for the construction and delivery of four reserve training vessels to replace elderly craft in use since the Second World War. The value of the order was $10.4 million.

HMNZS MOA iPh-io - HNZN)

In addition to their primary role of seamanship training and reserve duties, the vessels are also employed on search and rescue and resource protection tasks All of the vessels were erected using the upside-down method, then after the completion of welding, the hulls were uprighled and hauled into the fabrication shop The new class was constructed of steel with aluminium superstructures

Compliments RAN nuswiftHM AUSTRALIA PTY LTD A great name in fire fighting

Distributors of NU-SWIFT FIRE EXTINGUISHERS in every Ship of the Royal Navy, Royal Aust Navy and 21 other Navies

HMNZS TOROA «•* KOURA. deleted ,n 1983 • >>>,.,.. - RNZNI • All NU-SWIFT Extinguishers carry a 10 year written guarantee • HOENIQ STORZ Fire Hose Couplings and MOA. the first to be completed, was launched on 16th July. 1983 Fire Fighting Branch Pipes • Full 24 hours. 7 days a week and accepted mio service m September She was handed over to prompt, positive service to ad types of Fire Protection HMNZS Toroa in Dunedm on 19th February. 1984 Tnals had been Equipment and Systems including Marine conducted earlier in Auckland from November 1983 The second vessel KIWI, was launched on 7th May, 1984 and delivered to the Canterbury Reserve Division. HMNZS Pegasus at 56 DUERDIN ST, NORTH CLAYTON, VIC, Lyttleton on 11th August. 1984 Subsequently. WAKAKURA was launched on 29th October. 1984. arrived in Auckland in November 3168 1984 and was handed over on 7th December In March 198S she joined Telephone: (03) 561 3533 HMNZS Olphert in Wellington 314-324 BAY ST, BRIGHTON LE SANDS, The fourth and final vessel. HINAU was to join the Auckland RNZNVR Division HMNZS Ngapona after her launch in mid 1985 as a NSW S replacement for the last World War II motor launch HMNZS I'Af A {in Telephone: (02) 597 5255 the training role) which was paid off last December HMNZS WAKAKURA iPt».o - RNZNI Like the earlier survey boats TAKAPU and TARAPUNGA and the Pag* Thirty THE NAVY July, 1985 July. 1985 Page Thirty-one sun* i»m ss MINEHUNTER Aconcept for the future

Minehunting involves the detection The prototypes, currently under of enemy mines by very accurate construction, are not quite so sonar. The mines are then simple, built mainly of fibreglass destroyed with an explosive charge. with a catamaran hull our minehunters will be the first of their A simplified version of the role type in the world. this new style vessel will take in todays navy. Displacement 170 tonnes approx. 31 metres 9 metres 10 knots approx 2 Officers. HMAS WOLLONGONG 3 Senior Sailors, 9 Junior Sailors Total 14.

Built by Ramsay Fibreglass Australasia A division of Carrington Slipways Pty.Ltd Old Punt Road Tomago NSW Australia 2322 Telephone (049164 8071 Telei AA 28185 Cable Cam:

For enquiries please contact Ian Smith. Manager. Ramsay Fibreglass Australasia. Lavenck Avenue. Tomago NSW 2322

July. 1985 The Comsteel Vickers Group 70 years submarine experience.

From the time Australia's first within the one group of companies. two suomarines — AE1 and AE2 — We possess that rare combination of arrived, Cockatoo Dockyard, a member knowledge, skill and experience that only of the Comsteel Vickers Group, has comes with time. been the sole submarine specialist yard The Comsteel Vickers Group of in Australia. companies welcomes the opportunity to That tradition is today maintained take an active role in the RAN in the Oberon class submarine refit and replacement submarine program. modernisation program. That tradition is further enhanced by the total resources Comsteel Vickers Limited 100 Exhibition Street. Melbourne VIC 3000 now available within the Comsteel Cockatoo Dockyard Pty Limited Vickers Group in Australia. Cockatoo Island. Sydney NSW 2000 Commonwealth Steel Co Limited Specialised steels and forgings, Maud Street, Waratah NSW 2298 machining, complex structures and shipbuilding facilities are all contained 3 53 SI .BO

Jl*t*nd tw Australia Post Publication HO MOP 1492

1 K- 1

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•pit ^^^ a H ?«**3& * ^i EDITOR ROSSpUXETT fc\3fiW* PO BOX 653 THE DEE WHVi'N&W 2QW ff«0iif«r«f D, Au*f»k* Pott Pi/Mc*fN»i Mo HBP u$I

Reproduction in part or whole is forbidden without the permission ot the Editor in writing NAVY The magazine of the Navy League of Australia

155 WILLIAM STREET, MELBOURNE, 3000, VICTORIA OCTOBER, 19B5 SHELL PAPUA NEW GUINEA PTY LTD SHELL FIJI LTD SOCIETE SHELL PACIFIQUE SHELL (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD PORT MORESBY LAE HONIARA SOLOMON ISLANDS PORT VILA

VANAVATU The US Navy guided missile cruiser USS WORDEN seen entering the Port of Fremantle in Western Australia on July 19forafive day rest and recreation NOUMEA DISK WORDEN was a unit of the visiting USS CONSTELLATION (in the background} task group e> LSPM E FNmwii ADVERTISING AND BRISBANE PUBLICATION: 3rd floor 460 Ann Sreet SUVA Brisbane. 4000 Percivsi Publishing Co Ply Ltd Phone 31 2531 CONTENTS PAGO PAGO IINCORPORATCO IN NSW) SYDNEY Out Cowt "P&afopiafitt 662 Elizabeth Street APIA Waienoo. NSW 2017 Getting Together - HMAS BRISBANE leads Naval Roundup 4 Phone 699 2600 her two sister ships. HMAS HOBART and Australia Demonds the Best for HMAS PERTH, during a rare meeting off Her Submarine* 11 NUKU' ALOFA ADELAIDE Sydney on July 17. 1985 v- •• RANi Seaplane Tenders of the USN 12 26 Cumt St Adelaide 5000 "Commitment & Strategic Vision" 11 Phone 51 6225 Allied Landing Craft of Serving the Australian Defence Forces Throughout the South Pacific The opMona Of assertions eipfetSM bi World WarU 20 aiWWM in Tha Nary IK IkoH of KM 5th floor Eagle House 10 Wiltiem St Penh 6000 Mltiora and on not Motturih. fhoM of Report lo the Congress - Exctrptt Phone 322 4072 t>* Fao+ral Couoaf of Th* Navy laaQua ot from Fiscal Veor 1986 27 •uittalia. tM Editor ot Tha Una- or TNa The Dutch Navy - South-West Telephone: (03)609 1711 MELBOURNE Dotal fcatrtttn Navy. 31 18 Etourke Street Phone 67 1461 Book Reufeuis 38 HOBART Prmiad by Msn*a« Printing Co Pry Ltd [IncorporatM Navy League & Cadet Newt . . 40 123 Murrey St Hobart 7000 •nNSW) »5? EUaMth Street Waterloo »t7 Phone 34 4096 Phone B9B36O0 THE NAVY .f##».ff«f J**/'** I

One of Shoals Ahead For The Defence Minister BELIEVE IT OR NOT a Series is obvious the Defence Department has rfinancial problems and while this is not a novel experience for defence authorities in peacetime, they are more serious than usual and come at a time when Australian defence strategy is under review. Of the three Services, the Navy is undoubtedly under the mos> pressure at the present time The earner decish n fractured the structure of the force to an extent not even now 'ully realised by most people, apart from the very considerable internal problems caused by that decision not least in the area of highly trained manpower, the Navy has lo cope with the day-to-day economies forced on all the Servicer and without any clear direction as to US future structure

The future shape of the Navy and possibly the Army the RAAF seems more or less committed to a particular structure will not be known until some time after Mr Paul Dtbb submits his report to the Defence Minister early next year It is possible however In gam the impression from ministerial and other comments that the Australian defence effort will be fairly circumscribed and thai the capabilities of the Navy will be limited when compared with the past An Australian Defence Force with a limned maritime defence HOW TO FIGHT capability (limned by the structure of its Navy) would surely dismay the LIGHTER, FURTHER AND FASTER. political and military leaders o' our principal ally, the United States Just a memory This FFG Guided Missile Fngale very strength, weidable naval steel with exceptional tow temperature notch toughness and crack In quite recent times the Secretary of State (Mr Shulul the latest addition to the Australian Navy's Commander in Chief Pacific Command and Chairman-designate of the blue-water fleet -must be capable of sailing resistance Manufactured for the very first time Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (Admiral Crowe) and former Chief of over 7000 km at 20 knots, then manoeuvring in Australia it meets U S military spec MTL-S- Naval Operations (Admiral Hayward)* have all made it quite clear thei, at much higher speed in combat It must be 16216J(SH) expect America's allies to contribute to overall security and stability in the able to carry anti-aiicrafi as well as anti-ship A reassurance for users of all Bisalloy Pacific and Indian Ocean regions missies, torpedoes, guns, 2 helicopters, fuel, grades - to win the FFG order the BIS IVEN the cost to the American taxpayer of maintaining that a maze of high tech radar gear and crew, standard quality assurance programme was country's armed forces about thrice that of the Australian all within a slim 3600 tonnes reviewed by the Directorate of Naval Quality Gtaxpayer s contribution to defence their expectations are not The FTC's being built in Australia will meet Assurance and met the requirements of unreasonable their performance cntena with the help of the AS 1822 'Suppliers Quality Control System - As remarked it will probably be some time before the revised superb weight saving qualitiesof Bisalloy high Level 2 Just one of many ways Bisalloy is structure of the Defence Force is finally determined, but it is safe to say strength steel HY-80 is a special grade of high used to counter a threat from overseas that unless the naval element of the Force is well-balanced and includes ships with good seakeeping qualities range, endurance, offensive and defensive capabilities, and assured air support. Australia's contribution to regional security and stabilitv will be minimal Not only that, the integrity of mainland defence will be suspect he Bisalloy range of quenched and tempered steels provide properties that defy the imagination of anyone who confines their thinking to the limitations of mild steeL TBisalloy abrasion resistant grades that outwear mild steel many times over in every kind of mining and civil engineering application. GEOFFREY EVANS Bisalloy high strength grades that challenge the imagination Federal President of designers and engineers. Talk to Bunge on (042) 714944. The Navy t.eagur of Australia V Admval Havnird during • t«rM vmt lo Amrfalui app(*n im pssjc 17 ot THF NAVY DISTRIBUTORS AlSOifaJAMESCROKER&SONS,STEELMARK(Drv.<* AM CORP.). ANI AUSTRAL STEEL, UNION STEEL COMPANY (A Bung* Australia Company) TUBEMAKERS OF AUSTRALIA LTD. Inootporaung: Alex Row Steel MUSEUM SHIP FOR SA I Murray-More. Scarfe Steel Supplies. Steel Supplies. William Adams Industrial A Bunge Australia Company DEADLINE Products New Zealand FLETCHER STEEL (A division of Fletcher Industries Ltd) RIP *M HMAS WHYALLA, in Port PhiiKp, IOB4. The former RAN Corvette Is now at The deadline for the January, 1986 issue Bunge Industrial SteebPtyLurated.PO rioi 231. Re«c*it)OT Drive. Urund«la.NS.W. TWsphoneCOWniimlWMAAaZCT of The Navy is as • musium Ship (rr,»f - rm •»•»>. 1st NOVEMBER, 1985 ons Njiii',

• Two ™" "AW Octob.r, 1BBH THI NAVY Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP "GAYUNDAH" Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP "GAYUNDAH" concepts and techniques and thereby provide a "The program also offers valuable design and NEW local capability for the proposed development development work in specialised areas such as Destroyer Escort to be of the RAN helicopter during its predicted 25 high strength composite components and repair veat life techniques " FRIGATE "In this respect the project '* a vita! fust step Deliveries are scheduled to commence in Decommissioned m the Government s plan to develop a kxai January I'tHh with the new Seahawks entering heitcopter industry operational service about May 1989 After more than 24 years* service HELICOPTERS with the Fleet, the destroyer escort, The Minister for Defence, Mr Kim HMAS YARRA, is to be paid or Beaziey, announced in late July the from the Royal Australian Navy. signing of a multi-million dollar pur­ The Minister for Defence. Mr Kim Beaziey. chase contract for eight Sikorsky said lhat the 2 750 tonne River class ship, which had been launched at the Williamstown Seahawk helicopters to operate from Naval Dockyard late in 1958 and commis the RAN's four FFG guided missile sioned into the RAN in July. 1961. would be frigates. decommissioned in November The initial contract commitment » ten SA244 million at June 1985 pr«f, for the helicopter*, their tensor and weapons system and asso ciated support equipment but not the associated modifications to the frigate* The approved pro lect cost also includes provision fot elements of training and support not yet taken up The helicopters will act as the eyes and ears of the RAN by greatly enhancing the surveil HMAS YARRA. 1961 *M RANI lance, over the horizon targetting. ami submarine search and attack, and search, Until the Seahawkt are delivered. Navy «''" IK the Squirrel helicopter from the f'FGs "HMAS YARRA has served the nation well rescue and liaison capabilities of the four In fot more than two decades." he said gates ." Mr Beaziey said from the perilous reefs and 24 miles from "However. Us replacement with a modern ship "They will particularly enhance the capacity Bird's target - mainland Australia can only add to the strength of the Defence of the fngates to provide protection in choke PATROL BOAT Force " points around the Australian coastline The Since the Peter Bird rescue HMAS BEN Mr Beaziey said the RAN's live other River Seahawk's considerable capabilities will also CIRCUMNAVIGATES DIGO has concentrated on surveillance tasks class destroyer escorts had either undergone, or enhance the ability of the frigates to protect with othet RAN and RAAF Units Early in 1984 were programmed for. major refits which would shipping further from the Australian coastline AUSTRALIA HMAS BENDIGO rescued a divet with the ensure they remained effective units of the Fleet "A principal feature of negotiations has been The Darwin-based Fremantle bends off Broome, and has taken part in two • ia|oi Naval AIT exercises for some years to come to secure constructive involvement of Australian class patrol boat, HMAS BEN- industry The industry program will lay the DIGO, left Darwin on Tuesday, Jury groundwork for the Australian aerospace 16, on the first leg of a deployment industry to increase its participation in the grow during which the ship will circum­ FIRST mq world helicopter and aircraft electronic sys navigate Australia — the first such terns market Already JUS23 million m con deployment by a Fremantle class AUSTRALIAN tracts has been awarded to Australian firms HMAS YARRA. 1984 if*--., RAN. Mr Beaziey said patrol boat. The withdrawal of HMAS YARRA from ser modem and longer range air defence missiles "The protect will allow industry access to new The deployment will last for three and a half vice will not diminish the RAN's destroyer force and m addition carries what is probably the best BUILT FFG months and cover more than 8.000 miles as the guided missile fngate. HMAS DARWIN is surface-to-surface naval weapon in the world During her absence *rom Darwin. HMAS BEN Another Important milestone in due to arrive in Australian waters in October." the Harpoon missile — and has facilities for two DIGO will conduct p.itrols of the Australian fish the Australian Frigate Project was Mr Beaziey said helicopters " ing zone as well as surveillance of oil rigs and "Its arrival will keep the strength of the RAN's Mr Beaziey said HMAS DARWIN - the marked on schedule on Friday, shipping in Bass Strait She will also take pan in destroyer force at 12 ships fourth of the RAN's US-built guided missile fri­ Jury 12, by an official keel-laying a number of exercises "HMAS DARWIN is a far more capable ship gates — was presently completing trials off the ceremony at Melbourne's A highlight of the deployment will be HMAS than HMAS YARRA It is armed with US west coast Williamstown Dockyard. BENDIGO's visit to Melbourne during which the ship's company will make an inaugural visit The Minister Assisting the Minister for to the Ctty of Bendigo to cement the already Defence. Mr Michael Duffy, positioned a 36- strong relationship between city and ship tonne. nine metre long midship section of the warship's hull on the shipbuilding slip HMAS BENDIGO attracted world wide ways attention in June 1983 with the dramatic sea Two new FFG7 guided - missile frigates rescue of the "Lone Rower". Peter Bird Bird will be built at Williamstown at a total project had attempted to row from the United States to cost of S860m About half of this will be Australia but was swept from his intended track spent in Australia, providing employment northward towards the Great Bamer Reef In for up to 2.000 people over the nexl eight poor visibility and mountainous seas. HMAS years BENDIGO plucked Bird to safety just one The two fngates. the first major surface combatant ships built in Australia since the last of the River Class destroyers almost 20 Tiro former RAN mine warfare cesses. years ago. are simtlai in design to the four IBIS and SNIPE (rear) lie alongside the FFG vessels purchased from the USA but derelict White Bay wharf in Sidney during will be fitted with the Australian designed July. 1985. pnor to being broken up for and manufactured Mulloka Sonat The first tCTQp iPhoto ROM C»l<*lt. is due for completion in 1990

• MC: NAVY THI NAVY Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP GAYUNDAH" Compiled by NAVAL ROUNDUP "GAYUNDAH" approved for overall management of HMAS IDollongono, Operational A§ain the submarine project. Announcing this senior management The Fre man tie-class patrol boat boats in Australia, and it had the knowledge arrangement, the Chief of Naval Staff Vice HMAS WOLLONGONG. which was and equipment necessary for the construction Admiral M W Hudson said the position, and repair work now needed designated Director General New Submarines extensively damaged following He said thai NQI A had expressed confi would be filled by Commodore 0 J Hughes grounding off Gabo Island on May dence thai they could return HMAS The present submarine project director. Cap 31, should be operational and back WOLLONGONG to an as before the inci lain G D White, who had been with the pro­ with the Fleet by mid-November of dent"' condition before the end of November ject since it was established in 1982. would this year following repairs by the Commenting on the salvage operation at report to the Director General, New Sub­ Gabo Island and the subsequent low lo Eden for marines, and would continue to be responsible ship's builder. North Queensland interim repairs. Vice Admiral Hudson said (he for operational, technical and support aspects Engineers and Agents (NQEA) at salvage operation had reflected excellent co for this important protect Additional senior staff . operation between naval personnel, the would be responsible for financial, contracture! The Chief of Naval Staff. Vice Admiral M Howard Smith Salvage Division. Twofold Bay and Australian Industry Participation matters W Hudson, said ihat the patrol boat had been Slipway and Charter Marine Pty Ltd The Vice Admiral Hudson said that he and the assessed as economically repairable Damage lo success of ihe operation had. to a large extent Secretary to the Department. Sir William Cole, the ship had involvtd considerable plate buck been due to co operation of all concerned in had agreed thai the overall management of the ling holes and splits in the hull missing rud the salvage submanne protect within the Department would ders. damaged propeilors and stabilisers and need to be separated from other Naval ship bent shafts construction and modernisation protects at this There had also been internal damage result stage mg from the holing and subsequent flooding New Management for The management task, unlike other major Defence acquisition protects such as the FA Vice Admiral Hudson said sailors from the 18 or FFG acquisition, posed unique manage Fleet's mobile maintenance organisation had Navy's Submarine ment challenges not previously encountered carried out repairs to HMAS WOl I -ON The Government decision that construction GONG on the slipway at Eden The aim was to of alt submarines would be undertaken in Aus ensure seawonhiness and watertight integrity Project tralia would place additional demands on pro during the low to NQF.A TosJr Group Comet Home To meet the increasing level and (eel management The RAN guided missile frigates HMAS ADELAIDE and HMAS SYDNEY arrived in the Port of Fremantle in Western Australia on July 18 after a A contract for both the tow and subsequent Vice Admiral Hudson said the development three month Indian Ocean deployment HMAS SYDNEY is pictured entering Fremantie after refuelling at HMAS Stirling in Cocfcburn Sound repairs was later awarded to NQF.A complexity in the work of the Navy and integration of the combat system would be The ships had departed from Sydney on April 21. 1985 fPSMo LSPH E Pirm.ni Vice Admiral Hudson said the company was submarine acquisition program a of a magnitude and complexity not previously the only builder of the hremanlle class patrol new dedicated position has been experienced NAVY'S TANKER RETIRES Separate Women's Services In Navy Now Abolished RUSLIT MOTORS Separate Naval Services for women in Australia, such as the Women's Royal Australian Naval PTY LTD Service (WRANS). were abolished last June. All members of these Services have now become members of the RAN. become eligible Ruslit Engineering Industries — Official to IOIII the RAN Reserve, and be able to serve Suppliers of a complete range of Spare in non-combat related positions under the same Appreciate their long association as conditions of service as male members Parts to the Navy. Also Maintenance and suppliers of quality products to the Royal The changed status of servicewomen in the Service to the Navy. Navy is in keeping with the Federal Govern­ Australian Navy. ment's policies on the equality of status for men and women Over a period, regulations govern­ ing women's service have been gradually NSW State Distributors tor Perkins and Rolls Royce Racal, established in Australia for more HMAS SUPPLY, with HMAS TORRENS (left) and HMAS ADELAIDE inght) IP**.. RAN, aligned with those for male members, and as the regulations are now identical, separate Ser Marine Diesel Engines than 20 years, is now listed amongst the The Navy's oldest ship, the The decommissioning of HMAS SUPPLY vices for women are no longer needed Country's Top Defence Contractors. 25.000-tonne oiler HMAS SUPPLY. would free naval manpower required to com­ The Chief of Naval Staff, Vice Admiral M mission HMAS SUCCESS W Hudson, slated that for most members cur is to retire at the end of 1985 after rently serving in the women's Services, the 195 PARRAMATTA ROAD more than 31 years' service. Although originally planned as a war opera­ repeal of the regulations would have little practi 47 Talavera Road HMAS SUPPLY would be replaced by the tions requirement in 1951. HMAS SUPPLY cal effect AUBURN, NSW, 2144 Navy's newest ship. HMAS SUCCESS, which was considered unnecessary for the RAN when However, the change to equality was an his NORTH RYDE, NSW, 2113 was neahng completion at Sydney's Cockatoo completed in 1955 As a result it was operated toric one. and he welcomed it. confident thai Dockyard HMAS SUCCESS was expected to by the British Admiralty under the name TIDE servicewomen would continue their dedicated start trials in early 1986 AUSTRAL and loyal service in the future. Phone (02) 888 6444 HMAS SUPPLY had provided many years of HMAS SUPPLY was commissioned into the Vice Admiral Hudson said that for the time Telephone: (02) 648 0591 capable service to the Fleet, and had now RAN in 1962 and has since participated t*ti Five landing craft would be transferred to Cairns of which two would be used for hydrogiaphu surveying The remaining three would be placed In opera tional reserve and could be reactivated in build approximately 21 days should there he a requirement to do so The b.000 tonne amphi bious heavy lift ship HMAS TOBRUK would be home ported in Sydney by early 1'JSh HMAS MORETON would continue to oper ate as headquarters for the Brisbane Port Divi sion of the Naval Reserve which had 17(( active dror reflected Defence priorities, skills needed move to Sydney until eatly in IWo to mitigate submarines reservists Their major task was lo provide a fur amphibious operations would be maintained disruptive effects to seagoing personnel and nucleus for future expansion of amphibious by HMAS TOBRUK Ihe landing craft remain then fair lies operations and they would continue to operate ing in commission at Cairns and with the Mr BeaA-v said that even with the redui HMAS l.ABUAN. the heavy landing craft. Reservists in Brisbane lions. Navy would still have 2W full time pet which would remain in Brisbane Referring lo the personnel Implication! of the sonnel in the Queensland area most of whom Mr Bea/ley said that while the rundown of changes, the Minister said thai Navy had would bs- based at the patioi boai base HMAS in Tasmania. HMAS MORETON and the Amphibious Squa delayed HMAS TOBRUK8 refit and permanent CAIRNS And yes, we can help you D An excellent industrial build too. Tasmania has relations record, particularly in engineering and metal fabrication all you need to develop projects. your own projects. D High productivity in 4 n Technical skills to design. engineering and related activities. fabricate and manufacture, in a variety of • Electrical component ~- materials, large complex structures and i* f£ their components. skills. Tasmania has a proven record Z& for design, installation and servicing of • Project management major electrical components, including ». .. Jk»_ skills as evidenced by the successful motors and generators. •QT, " "* JsL construction of major energy and resource from both logistic and •' iatizC developments. • Best sites "~" rdflraai il^f h am strategic veiwpoints. ^•^ * ._ • Ship building and • Reasonable housing m maritime skills. Tasmania is COStS for the working man, as well as a the home of the largest ship lift in high standard of living. Australia and the Australian Maritime zvr.. . . . Hn^SBr isspSji College. 7. T *"^' *. •* - . ..* ^-'r-ir,-'-" ijj.^a T-fi^^g2^J^^3j"i''' 1 Im /-, - • if^^y^^^fey^gjS^'^fc 1 -'•- -^F^S. For more information on how Tasmania •^ ^-^fe-^fc ^-•Z^^I^^S&S*^ 1 can help you build, contact: - *" f °*r -?~ -^'^-' " ;"^^""^^ -t»«^J»'- -M The Director. Tasmanian Submarine Construct ion Project. nNude Of Visitor The US Navy nuclear powered guided missile cruise 1 vpanrwnt of the Premier and Cabinet, Executive Building, r USS i isited the HMAS Stirling fleet support facility on Franklin Square. Hobart. 7000 Gard, n Island in Western Australia between July 19 24 for a five day esl and recreation t'lsjl The ship is a unit of the USS CONSTELLATION PROUD TO BE TASMANIA* Telephone: (002) 30 2922 or.'» 6650 Tetex: 58 155 ^_ task group which visited vartou WA pons >Phoh> AB1 tt M Ruwili October, 1QBB THE NAVY THi NAVY Australia Demands The Best For Her Submariners by JOHN C. GROVER, OBE, BE, MSc, FRGS MINEHUNTER FIMM, FIEAust, MAusIMM EFENCE is our insurance for survival. Of USSR dominated World Federation of Trade Union, in 1«I7S an I implemented by Mr Halfpenny and Mr Clancy D generations who do not remember the Mai m 1 ,.„n " "tn 'P*" •"> "Vsel ek'ctrsr submarines is about 22 KNOTS history of their forbears, life demands a FOR ONE HOUR alter which they need SEVFRAI HOURS terrible penalty. surface snorkelling to recharge then ballenes. when with diesels hammering they would be ALMOST DEAF AND VERY Vlll NERABI I Aconcept for the future Without courageous people good allies, the best o( equipment and the lull suppon of a committed community ,„ time, o( threat. Australia to modern detection cannot survive as a Int nation Thinking people know lhat loo many They are useful fo, they ARE SILENT AT 3" ; KNOTS and can he with educational inadequacies are seivile to lashionable causes and in wan like inlelhgenl mines. ,(lucky to he near rhe enemy roule and fire Minehunting involves the detection The prototypes, currently under Sovtel policies their weapons once, hit „, miss But they COULD NOT FOI I OW OR OVERTAKE FAST, MODERN NAVAL FORCES OR INTFRCFPT of enemy mines by very accurate construction, are not quite so Out lailure to stand in the face ol media sponsored emotional disinformation leads to its acceptance bv the ignorant Only one ol many THEM UNLESS THEY WERE APPROACHING sonar. The mines are then simple, built mainly of fibreglass examples is our relusal in accept the nuclear age We can see where it Taking three o, four times as long as the same sued destroyed with an explosive charge. with a catamaran hull our has brought us on rhe current submarine issue and defence which nuclear propelled sub to go anywhere their speed of advance ,s usually minehunters will be the first of their should be the first duly of government 111 knots, surface snnrkelling 2II'I, nf the time to recharge batters,., A simplified version of the role Ihey probably would not teach the patrol area Such „„i„c,,.|„„, ,„„| type in the world We should remember lhat when Japanese forces attacked Rahaul this new style vessel will take Canberra ordered it delended at all costs' The young RAAK pilnls slow speed means Ihey cannot fulfil all out delence requirements Forty odd years ago ol rhe H42 diesel electric German II hoar, that in todays navy. lesponded with the lelegiam WE WHO ARK ABOUT TO DIE SAI UTE Displacement 170 tonnes approx. YOU before taking off in their Wirraways r„ fighl the Zeros and die sawact.™, 7S1 were lost 93*! Of a total ol 39.000 brave men 2K mill Length (O A ) 31 metres But Canberra had the excuse rhen that they had not known of the died and .Minn were lake,, ptisone, KM, casualties' I „c„,q !».„,., Allied superior Jap planes subs radar and escort aircraft camels, only two out of evety Ion boats Beam (Max) 9 metres that set out could be expected to return' New captains, even with yeletan Speed 10 knots approx. Those advising diesel electric submarines for the 21st century have no such excuse They well know rhe superioniv ol USSR nuclear , M IT M ST Complement 2 Officers. submarines the 2.VIHX1 „,„ Typhoon Class Itavel at 63 kn.,1. NOTHAPPENHF'RT "' "•""""" '""" """ " •""""*' " submerged Yet our brav. young submariners in rhe 2]sr century are 10 Ol the USSR's 200 nuclear submarine, 2S are now ,„ ,|„. 3 Senior Sailors, Itido I acilic along with '>2 conventional subs, being replaced slead.lv by be condemned to the old technology of WWI win, h alv. served us so 9 Junior Sailors nuclear propelled units Certainly we can 1 alfotd and don't need such well ,n WWII. 411 years ago Tht Nuclear Free f'acilic unreality must not latg,. N subs as these MXX1 „, 11.IXXI o, 2.MXXI tonne,, |The Sovset, Total 14. be the yardstick it was otdered at the Plague Conference „( the set 1 IKS a, the year Ihey would be ready to impose rhei, will on rlie Western powers | Unmentionable officially and In ou, media are the small nuclear propelled kllle. subs of the same „«• as the proposed conventional 2.41X1 tonnes They cost about one 1,1,1, mote cany Ihe same weapons, have about foul times Ihe power 1211 megawatts! and each can cover Ihe area patrolled by FOUR diesel subs' Only Ihe propulsion ,s differenr. sale, and cleaner They are destined to become the backbone ol Ihe navses ,n smaller countries and n is vital that Auslialia should gel in early ,1 she is to control Ihei, proliferation Such a superior submarine platlotm in potential enemy hands would be disastrous Instead ol ZO.fXX) to 30.000 tonne, of fuel oil costing seven to nine million dollar., the N ,ub use, one tonne of utanium luel as panicles SSjX&tSLjfS """' and •**»* I" '» l'!*"me of 30 years „ DOES NOT NEED TO BE REFUELLED We don , need ,,. be exerts to realise what this mean, in wattime when we shall be so short ol luel oil which ha, lo come (mm oveiseas a, neaily all our oil „ the Iwhiei reaction only ^ The N sub's range while submeiged is unlimited It travel, more silently over Ihe whole range of Ihe diesel sub speeds because of great improvement, ,n t.ansmission and cooling ,n recenl years Both B.itish and German diesel ,ub manufacturers want lhat nuclear engine Ihe technology » based on 2(1 yea,, ol research costing billions and ,, now Built bv offered to Ausltalia ,f we wan, ,„ build he.e. as we must But act.v.sts pretend it doesn t exist Ramsay Fibraglass Australasia Ttulh. delence and vigilance are Ihe msutance thai rational people A division of pay to ensure peace and survival The alternative I, Ihe Inghtlul penally lhat life demand, of us when we deny nature, and grasp unreality, not Carrington Slipways Pty.Ltd using the intelligence God gave us Old Punt Road Tomago NSW Australia 2322 We do not have the right to sunende, our heritage by inviting wa, Telephone (049)64 8071 Tele. AA 26185 Cable Carrsl.ps W0 through weakness - giving brave young men a fleet of hopelessly m inferior submarine, in the nuclea, age We deserve better than For enquiries please contact Ian Smith. Manager, Ramsay Fibreglass Australasia, *\ (tightening untruths about the very safe and clean nuclea, propulsion Laverick Avenue. Tomago NSW 2322 Australia must not remain a gullible ha, been ", clinging to the coal jm and diesel age simply because everyone „ more familiar with those older technologies We mu,t accept the nucleai pmpulsion age. for ,he sake of ou, children It is time lo stop being suicidally hypocritical THE NAVY Clot, Liber, 1BBB Pag* Elavan SEAPLANE TENDERS OF THE USN by R' OHJLKTT

- •-*

MM • Utt. .. « '. v', •,

USS CUHTISS arriving 5pdn#y, 4th March. 1957 A helicopter platform has replaced the two forward 5 inch guns Most of the oihei reuporis have also been deleted tv.r

ihe PtiM Seamaster jet flying boats However the PbM project was cancelled in the early 1960s I'SS CURTISS 17th December. 1940, shorffV after commissioning Two 5 inch guns are mounted m A and B positions, the other pair atop the after NORTON SOUND was converted to a Guided Missile ship lAVMl superstructure Fta ISM • „.t«-«\ A D (tiv.i m under the 196.1 conversion programme The ship has evaluated the Tartar and Typhon air defence systems and in later years Standard OR the , Seaplane Tenders were more than just vessels equipped with one missiles Only recently she received the first operational vertical launch missile system for trial purposes NORTON SOUND remains active F or more reconnaissance float-planes. The Americans used the classification to describe large today support and repair ships employed as floating bases and equipped with a full range of supplies, The ihree remaining Currituck ship: all assumed the role of flagship of the "Commander Fleet Air Western Pacific ' and were finally parts, weapons and fuels. Each ship could also provide accommodation areas for the aircraft withdrawn from service in 1967 crews. The Unlwd State- Navys hm AV 1. USS first being hit by Japanese aircraft at Pearl Harbour on 7th December CURWTUCI WRIGHT was. in reality utilised as an airship tender from 1941 ALBEMARLE operated in the Atlantic Ocean during the Second K CLASS cum missioning in December 1921 to November I **2-i In December World War and was no| decommissioned until I960 Four years earlier t {lull i i I4.:«m n.ns nmLength — 1944. she was renamed USS SAN CLEMENTE. as a special ship. she had undergone modernisation to handle the larger >ei seaplane 540' 5 • Beam AG 79 AV 2 and AV ., were the former colliers USS JASON and USS PbM Se reclassified in April 1937 Pnor lo this Hm Although stricken in September 19h2 she underwent conversion Machmeiv Geared tuibines. 12 INK) shp she had served as the US Navy's first aircraft canter USS LANGLEY to a hekopter repair ship. USS CORPIS CHRIST1 BAY in March. Speed 19 2 knots Fuel Following the outbreak of th. war LANGLEY served as an aircraft 1965 ALBEMARLE was then equipped to repair light aircraft and 2,.324 Ions transport but was sunk earlv in 1942 helicopters at sea primarily- m the Vietnam area Finally, in 1973, she Armament 4x5 inch yum (4x11. 4H x 40mm (12x4). This article is primarily concerned with the large purpose Wuih was withdrawn from service 16 x 40mm IKx2). 20 x 20mm seaplane tenders of the Cuntss and Currituck classes The former were Crew l(i2 « I.IM5 the first ships to be planned from the keel up as dedicated AVs. and included a spacious workshop area forming the aft section of the CURTISS CLASS SHIPS IN C LASS super structure a large stern working platform two heavv cranes for Displacement (full load) 12.053 ions hoisting seaplanes and a powerful armament so the ships could work in Mr) Length 527" 4" No. Name Do.il Launched Comm. Decomm. Stricken Notes the forward combat areas Beam 69' 3" Both units of the Curtiss class USS CURTISS (AV 41 and USS Draught 22'3" AV 7 CURRITUCK 12 1942 9 1943 n 1944 III 1967 4 1971 ALBEMARLE (AV 5| were launched and commissioned in 1940 the Machinery Geared tuibines. 12 000 shp AVI! NORTON Speed !8 knots SOirND 9 |942 11 1943 1 194S AVM1 Fuel 2.164 tons 8 1951 Armament 4 x 5-inch guns I4s.ll. 48 x 40m rr AV12 PINE ISLAND 11 1942 2 1944 4 1945 6 1967 2 1971 H x 40mm (4x2). 12 x 20mm AV13 SAUSBURV USS AtBtMARl.F.. November. 194.1 TVee Carolina /Ivmy boats t Crew 160 • 1.035 SOUND 4 1943 6 1944 II 1945 1 1967 parked ort Ihe alter deck area Haras ir>M'.utmX li rasoj • SHIPS IN CLASS

No. Name Down Launched Coram. Decomm Stricken Nolo to reinforce the garrison there When the Japanese attacked Pearl CAREERS OF THE NAME Harbour Curias got underway immediately firing at the enemy planes AVI CURTISS 3 1938 4 1940 11 1940 9 1957 7 1963 At 0836 she sighted a periscope and opened fire A torpedo from the AV 5 ALBEMARLE 6 1934 7 1940 12 1940 I960 9 1962 Convened SHIPS OF THE CLASS submarine missed Curtiss. smashing into a dock at Pearl City Four lo ARVH 1 minutes later the Japanese midget submarine surfaced and was further USS CURTISS damaged by gunfire before diving again, after which Monaghan Curtiss (AV 4) was launched 20 April. 1940 by New York (DD '154) took over with a attack Curtiss turned her The four Currituck class seaplane tenders which followed between Shipbuilding Corp. Camden. NJ sponsored by Mrs H S Wheeler, and attention to the air again At 0905 she hit an enemy plane which crashed 1944 and 1945 bore a marked similanty to the first pair The new ships commissioned 15 November. 1940, Commander S P Gtnder in into her No 1 crane and burned Three minutes later she splashed a boasted only a single funnel, compared to the two in the Curttss class command plane then began firing at a dive bomber A bomb from this plane and a small increase in the ship's complement Armament was also Curtiss operated out of Norfolk and in the Caribbean for training crashed Curtiss in the viciniiy of her damaged crane and exploded below increased with an additional four twin 40mm and eight 20mm guns and in fleet exercises through the spring of 1941 On 26 May she got decks, setting the hangar and main decks and No 4 handling room on underway for Pearl Harbour from which she served on patrol as well as USS CURTISS after a routine overhaul. 2nd January. 1952 Note the Early in her career. 1945. USS CURRITUCK temporarily lost her fire, as the plane splashed off her port beam Despite 19 dead and many lending two patrol bomber squadrons From 15 October to 9 November quad 40mm mounts at the bow. stem and atop the superstructure iPiw>. two single 5-inch guns to allow space for a helicopter platform During wounded. Curtiss' crew quenched the fires, then turned to for she voyaged to carrying aviators, aircrew-men. and cargo USN Court** A D IWn til • the late 1950s, the ship was modernised, like ALBEMARLE, to handle emergency iepairs On 2K December she was underway for San Diego NAVY .»• THE NAVY - ftifrj \ G-g^^jttHMJI a^^jLJjSLgm

USN CoviWtv A D Rdh« III) CSS NORTON SOUND. January. J94ft. boasting a Second World War camouflage iPh.no uSNC.«n^v A D si--.. USS PINE ISLAND. January. 1963 IP**. tot permanent repairs and replacement ot \he damaged crane with lOperatio n "Greenhouse" and was the base for civilian and military 20mm guns Her repairs completed in only 4 days, she was bach in Pearl technicians during the atomic tests at Eniwetok She also provided Harbour 13 January. 1942 to begin the job of ferrying men and supplies meteorological information and operated a boat pool Curtits served at to forward bases at Samoa. Suva, and Noumea until June San Diego in local operations until 29 September. 1952. when she again USS NORTON SOUND. November. 1974 Departing Pearl Harbour 2 June. 1942. Curfiss served as flagship sailed to Eniwetok as flagship during the atomic tests of Opeiation "Ivy" Ph ' USN i ...•!.... A II II.-. - llll for Commander. Naval Air, South Pacific, at Noumea ftom lb June to 4 Returning to San Diego 4 December, she cruised the west coast, and August, then served as seaplane tender flagship, repair and supply ship visited Acapulco. Mexico, in 1953 From 10 January to 28 May. 1954. for destroyers and small craft engaged in the Solomons operation ftom she participated in Operation "Castle" during which the first hydrogen F.spinlu Santo until 9 July. 1943 After overhaul at San Francisco, she bomb was exploded arrived at . Flltce Islands. 7 November to serve as flagship few Fitted with a helicopter deck during November and December Commander Air. Central Pacific, based at Funafuti until 29 December 1954. Curtiss engaged in a large scale amphibious exercise on the coast 1943. then 41 Tarawa [31 December. 1943 H March, 1944), KttWjsbfel of California in March 1955 From 21 March to 8 August, 1956. she (10 March 2b June). F.mwelok (27 June-9 August). (12 August took part in Operation "Redwing", the atomic tests at Eniwetok during 1944 1 January. 1945). and (2 January 7 February) which she was visited by the Assistant Secretary of the Navy As flagship After repairs at San Francisco. Curtiss sailed to Okinawa, arriving for the First Fleet she was visited by Vice Admiral A H Vdel. Commander-in-Chief of the on 20 September. 1956 Curtiss departed San Diego 27 December. 1956. for Operation "Deep Freeze 1!." carrying sailors of the wintering-over party, and scientists to take part in the International Geophysical Yeat program Calling at Port Lyttelton, New Zealand, from 12 to 15 January. 1957. she entered McMurdo Sound 19 January and transferred cargo by he'tcopter to Glacier (AGB-4) From 21 to 28 January she put men and cargo ashore in the same manner as she lay moored to the ice shelf, continuing these operations at Little America from 30 January to 6 February She carried out ice reconnaissance to Okuma Bay and USS PINE ISLAND lifts o P5M Martin flying boat onto its deck iPh«o Sulzberger Bay. then departed McMurdo Sound 10 February She called Ron OMttrofktttonl USS PINE ISLAND. May. 1945. only a month after commissioning at Port Lyttelton and Auckland. New Zealand, and Sydney. Australia, IPTMMO tISN Ciutirtv A [I FiAk.-i IIH before returning to San Diego 25 March to undergo repairs for ice the Chinese mainland, tending seaplanes at Jinsen, Korea, and damage She continued her local operations until placed out ol . Tsingtao. and Taku. China, returning to Okinawa 28 i in reserve 24 September. 1957 22 May. 1945. to serve as flagship lor Commander. Fleet Air Wing 1 October She got underway for the United States on 9 Decembet and )RTON SOUND as AVM 1. February. 1956 A helicopter On 21 June a and its bomb ripped two holes in he; hull and arrived at San Francisco 30 December After local operations from this has been fitted forward and the large crane on the starboard exploded on the third d"ck. killing 35 and wounding 21 of her crew USS CURRITUCK port and San Diego, she sailed 2 December. 1946. touched at the quarter removed iPhoto IHrtGonmwA » Bafc*t lltl Effective damage control kept her afloat and 4 days later she was The USN's second Cumtuck (AV-7) was launched 11 September. Marquesas Islands and visited Sydney. Australia, from 13 to 20 March underway for the west coast and a overhaul at Mare Island Navy Yard 1943. by Philadelphia Navy Yard, sponsored by Mrs M. F Draemel. 1947 She returned by way of the Canal to Norfolk. Va. Rejoining the Fleet in the Western Pacific. Curtiss embarked and commissioned 26 June. 1944. Captain W A Evans in command arriving 18 April Cumtuck was placed out of commission in reserve 7 Commander. Fleet Air Wing 1 (who was also Commander Task Force Cumtuck put to sea from Philadelphia 31 August. 1944. bound for August. 1947. berthed at Philadelphia 75) at Okinawa 5 December. 1945 She joined in fleet exercises, duty with the Pacific Fleet At Balboa. CZ. she embarked passengers for Recommissioned 1 August. 195). Cumtuck got underway 17 operated with patrol squadrons in the Formosa Strait, ferried men and transportation to Manus. then continued on to Mlos Woendi to unload December for Norfolk From this port she operated locally and in the supplies to outlying bases and made several visits to Tsmgtao China, cargo She earned men and airplane spare parts and supplies for Tangier Caribbean, primarily on training duty She departed Norfolk 23 August. until 8 Match. 1947. when she headed fot the west coast for overhaul (AV-8) from Manus to Morotai. then returned to Mios Woendi briefly 1952 on a ctuise which included visits to Thonelm. , and Leiih. and alterations recommended by the Atomic Energy Commission for before arriving in San Pedro Bay. Leyte. 6 November to begin tending Scotland, reluming to her home port 17 October After local operations stowage of scientific equipment seaplanes flying missions in the Leyte operations and a brief voyage to Bermuda, she sailed again from Norfolk 24 Curtiss operated off the California coast on a number of fleet and Cumtuck sailed from Leyte 6 January. 1945 for the initial landings August, 1953. passing through the Panama Canal for operations around training exercises until early in 1949 when she served as flagship for at Lingayen Gulf. Luzon, three days later, and remained there, at the Galapagos Islands, and returning to Norfolk 25 September On 6 Commander First Fleet for 3 weeks of amphibious operations in Alaskan Cabalttan Bay. and at Mindoro tending seaplanes and directing seaplane July. 1954. she cleared for a European cruise, calling at MiHord Haven. waters to evaluate cold weather equipment She continued to serve as search operations She returned to Leyte 5 February, then sailed for England, continuing to Taranto. Italy, and touching again at Miffotd flagship for this command during amphibious exercises off Seattle during Manila on 3 March Upon her arrival three days later she sent boarding Haven and Portsmouth before returning to Norfolk 18 September the summer of 1949 Shortly after the outbreak of the . parties to inspect abandoned Japanese vessels In the harbour Her Between 26 August and 13 December. 1956. Cumtuck served with Curtiss sailed from San Diego to join the 7th Fleet in July 1950. on tender duties at this port included maintenance ol the 76th Wing of the the 6lh Fleet in the Mediterranean, returning to training cruises to the patrol in the Korean Strait Sailing out of Iwakuni and Kure. she tended Royal Australian Air Force from 27 April to 6 May Caribbean and local operations at Norfolk until 9 January. 1958. when two PBM Manner squadrons and a squadron of British Sunderland* Departing Manila 10 June. 1945 Currituck maintained a base lor she entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard She was decommissioned operating over Korean territory She returned to San Francisco 14 seaplanes conducting night searches from Lingayen Gulf between 11 there 12 February. 1958, for thorough modernisation and was January 1951. for further alterations to fit her as a base for scientific June and 20 August, then returned to Manila 24 August She sailed for recommissioned 20 August. 1960 work Okinawa on 30 August CURRITUCK remained In service for another seven veors before From 23 February to 13 June. 1951. Curfiss served as flagship for Currituck remained in the Far East in support of the reoccupatlon of being told up again. USS NORTON SOUND. October 1964 fftMo USN Counny A D Bak* 111

THI NAVY THENAVV "" "Commitment and Strategic Vision»

The all-weather launched from craft, ships, Still more Once target on inte to escape detecti onboard radar final attack. Harpoon miss a single, economical and eL__ RAN and USN ships alongside at HMAS Stirling bly line. Harpoon requires little mainte nance, minimal traini Commitment, strategic vision and acceptance of regional responsibility were sought from Australia by manpower New *__ Admiral Thomas B. Hayward, former Commander-in-Chief of the US Pacific Fleet and Chief of Naval % readily adapted witho Operations, during a visit in June-July sponsored by the Navy League and the Australian Naval Institute. consuming develoi The following is the text of an address given by the Admiral to an ANI meeting in Canberra. For control of AM terribly pleased to be here with you, debate that comes at a time when economic about a 20% cut Wouldn't you like just a 2% missile system and honoured to be able to address this forecasters variously predict a national deficit of slice of this? It would double your annual Ispecial group and to share some thoughts ISO 250 billion dollars annually for the next two Defence Budget in one fell swoop' Well, if this Harpoon, from of the strategic situation facing Australia and the years at least Furthermore, it is in an projection comes to pats. I can assure you United States here in the Asia Pacific region, atmosphere of acrimony and retribution that that It's impact will be felt as far away as from an American perspec'ive II is always a [his budget debate takes place, in reaction to a Australia, and you will be intensely interested special delight to be back in one of my favourite plethora of alleged and proven examples of In lis consequences. Just as Importantly, of all countries — among friends and corruption by some of our most prominent America will be vitally Interested In compatriots I arrive here fresh from a week in defence corporations, of improper use of Australia's reaction. In a strategic sense. Washington DC. our nations capital, where I gratuities, and a ridiculous overpricing of such am always amazed at what a fascinating, vital defence items as toilet seats, coffee makers Oddly, throughout this wrenching experience astonishingly interesting place it is Some of and ashtrays The true impact of (his abuse is of looking for ways to live with a reduction of you. I am sure, have been posted there in the yet to be known — except we can be certain it such enormous dimensions. I kept having a past, and will agree with me that while one may will undermine the credibility of the Department feeling of deu» vu We've been here before! So not always like what's going on there, one can't of Defence and the Defence Industry, lead to Drawing shows amphibious complain about there being an inadequacy of major cut backs in Defence programmes, and We've surely dealt with budget cuts a activity Our legislature, in particular, is present a troubling opportunity for those who plenty in prior years undoubedly one of the most perplexing, yet wish to play part in politics at the expense of fascinating of bodies Mark Twain, one of our national security We persisted for half a decade or more in the 70s with negative growth, while trying to greal American humourists, is said to have Remarkably, in the midst of the budgetary remarked after visiting our congressional halls. patch up a well worn armed force following turmoil, a most unusual event occurred — years of combat in Vietnam thai congress is a place where every law is a President Reagan and Secretary Wineburger joke — and every joke becomes law but acceded to the wish of some .nembers of the Even the fickleness of the American there are few laughs in Washington today Senate to restrict the 1986 Defence Budget to public is not new Now they are clamouring As you can well imagine, there is a frenzy of zero real growth after inflation' For those of us for big cuts in Defence for so our Congress concern over the hijacking of the TWA Airliner who have been In the business of Defence and the media would have us believe) Five and the state of the passengers still held Budget formulation and justification for years, years ago they were clamouring for a mas­ hostage As a former Washington decision you can be sure we were astonished and sive buildup in our forces following the maker, it is not difficult for me to emphasise perplexed by this shift in the administration humiliating Iranian hostage crisis and the with the President, who finds himself frustrated position, especially after having watcher1 with Soviet invasion of Afghanistan by the limited options available to him. and considerable admiration some of the most Nor is there any evidence the Russians suddenly much more sympathetic towards his effective battling for Defence spending increases have changed Their economy is still in a predecessor and the plight which he faced five over the previous four years shambles Their surrogates are still avidly, years earlier in the terrorising hostage crisis of Thus my participation in Washington last though ineptly, at work worldwide They Iran There are no easy solutions to terrorism week and the final session of a year of long are as obstinate and intransigent in Arms In my judgmenl Americans will increasingly study centred on evaluating the impact of a Control Negotiations as ever And trouble- become favourite targets no-growth Defence Budget for the next five somefy, their Armed Forces continue to While the Congress is busy criticising and years has turned out to be a presient and modernise and build along the track that admonishing the administration over their excruciatingly pertinent effort we predicted they would — an inexorable handling of this particular crisis — and we have display of constancy of purpose. It would out own tax bill to emasculate — it is also '0W big a problem does a no real be wonderful to see mi Governments so 7 engrossed in an intense debate over the growth Defence Budget present inclined. adequacy, or as many would allege, the H;Woul d you believe $300 billion from profligacy of the 1986 Defence Budget It is a the existing five year plan? $300 billion, or So what has changed to concern us if THE IMAvv One cannot say the same for Japan For well anything' Let me suggest at least one highly needs, and to be willing to subject the general at thai point? Whal cracks emerge in our over .! decade, the United States has been signifKant factor um> that is irrevocable and public to a defence discussion, which has deterrence shield if the vacuum left by US searching for an effective way to persuade will permanently alter the nature of resulted in the now familiar annual Defence withdrawal is filled gradually by a crafty Japanese leadership to meet its self anointed, international security the globalisation" of White Paper opportunist Soviet policy? I suggest the self defence responsibilities While I would geopolitics In 1979 another geopolitical milestone was geostrategic consequences to ASEAN staunchly defend those who argue that the 1 appreciate that that is a most esoteric crossed with the declared Carter Doctrine and Australia are substantial. sounding phrase globalisation of geopolitics following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Japanese defence investment has not been but it has very special meaning especially to and America's deep concern regarding Soviet minimal the past decade or so. still any ih..se of us who live and strive in the intentions in Iran and the Gulf region It is one reasonably professional accounting of the ilCH brings me to the real bottom Asia Pacific region certainly including of the few bipartisan policies to endure the Japanese self defence force would question its line — Australia's role in this Amen. ,1 and Australia transition of the 1979 presidential election, ability to defend Japan adequately against air Wgeopolitical matrix I have been We have witnessed a gradual but certain shift leading ultimately to the formation of the US attacks of the sophistication that can be attempting to construct At this point. I would in the geopolitical centre of gravity away from Mid East "'central command ' the rapid presented by Iheir northern adversary, or to much prefer lo turn the podium over to one of central Europe where it has resided for deployment force and now the pre positioning control their sealanes to the degree necessary the several strategic giants here in the audience decades, through the Middle East and South of some lb ships in the Indian Ocean as a part to compliment the not in considerable demands Your perspective would surely be far more Asia to East Asia where it will surely remain of that force - highly pertinent factors to your on the US Seventh Fleet Few countries are credible than mine Bui lhat would be a true through our lifetime Affected by the endless westward oriented interests more crucial to the "deterrence posture" of the cop out So. let me give you one American's conflict between Arab* and Jews, the oil crises Fourth, an event of considerably more western alliance in North East Asia Japan can perspective for you to shoot at. beginning by of the 70s, the mindless slaughter of Iranians geostrategtc importance than it is receiving from and must do more. casting a few perforative questions your way and Iraqies. the Soviet occupation of Asian Governments, is the emergence of a Mainland China is an altogether different Am I correct in suggesting that the Afghanistan, the widening effects of Islamic Soviet nuclear threat east of the Urals, with the factor in the deterrence equation The 50-plus reassessment of Australia's defence policy fundamentalism, and now the revitalisation of implantation of over 135 SS 20 global ballistic Soviet divisions, the steady increase m modern now ongoing, which has been a natural India under Rajiv Ghandi's leadership All are missiles directed elsewhere than at NATO air power, and the threatening imposition of adjunct to the change in Government leaving their special mark While they are unarguably out of the threat SS20 nuclear ballistic missiles constitute leadership, leads one to the conclusion that But it is in East Asia, especially where the range to Australia (or the moment, there can adequate evidence of the importance the the policy of "self reliance" is taking on a Peter BuAuDy, President NSW Division of the Navy League. Admiral Thomas B Hayu-ard. USN. after geostrategtc posture is stunning and of be little debate but that their presence imposes a Soviets place on China's role in the correlation connotation that is much more Rear Admiral Andrew Robertson. RAN (Rtd). Federal Vice President of the Navy League and Rear overwhelming importance to political, new dimension on the balance of power in the of forces opposing it on its eastern flank This "defensively" oriented and more inwardly Admiral David Martin, Flag Officer. Naval Support Command at the Sydney Symposium economic and Defence planners The error of Pacific Basin especially in North West Asia situation generally prevailed even before direcled to your national security objectives [he Pacific an overworked phrase to be sure. And. lastly, throughout all of this period. "normalisation'. let me suggest lhat the most - with all of the troublesome implications correlation of forces which will always lead includes full utilisation of all land-based is nonetheless expressive of the evolving has been the monumental growth of Soviet tmponant air term leverage which China can lhat might have on force structure • hem to the conclusion that military assets of the RAAF, including the situation, with two overriding developments military power in Siberia and fcasl Asia — a pose vis a vis the Soviet Union is lo achieve decisions' adventurism is dangerous and imprudent Little surveillance systems available nationally and having the most meaningful influence, the build-up of first line forces that exceed, by balanced economic growth under its new Or is n more appropriate for one to wonder then that the US is deeply concerned inlernationally. explosive emergence of Japan as the industrial any measure ol professional judgment, that experiment with a mark related free enterprise interpret self reliance" in its broadest with the recent breakdown of the ANZUS I would suggest lhat it does not take much giant of the region - perhaps of the world, and which the Soviets might consider necessary system, and a liberalisation of its education and regional context, connoting A greater desire alliance by the breakdown in New Zealand's analysis to arrive at the conclusion (hat a the flowering of china, in all of its dimensions for defence of the Motherland. information systems I am not surprised to find to deal independently with secunty issues in commitment Australia's efforts to show the capable, flexible, highly mobile maritime force, and ramifications myself confronted on frequent occasions by our the vital areas to north and east, as well as breach had been helpful and appreciated possessing substantial offensive characteristics Certainly not to be overlooked or friends in Asia during my travels when they the Indian Ocean' not only meets the imperative defence of the underemphasised. is the ASEAN success story ACH of these factors has a vital question US initiatives to hasten the re arming Am I right or wrong in my reading into continent in the remote possibility of a serious - still to be proven permanent — but relevance to our overall understanding of Chin.* With regret. I will quickly skip past the statements of senior Government S AN American with great affinity to a attempt by any adversary to mount an assault impressive nevertheless ASEAN's political E of the strategic policies to be considered Taiwan, the Republic of China I emphasise officials, a new movement in a direction traditional friend "down under". I urge on your homeland, but also (and most nature and economic growth nval any in the by the United States and Australia - for that the regret" in that our lack of strategic vision away from support of the policy of A that as you undertake this important importanllyl provides you confidence in your developing world I wish to stress, however, that matter, by New Zealand as well In the has caused us to lose sight of its strategic "deterrence" and the context of regional ongoing reassessment of your national goals, ability to control the sealanes. sea approaches, these achievements have been made in an aggregate. they must be integrated inlo any significance vis a vis the Soviet Union Even secunty to more emphasis on continental and thai as you grapple with the trying task of and choke points, as well as supporting directly, atmosphere of strategic security — comfortably objective assessment of "vital interest", "self China will come to know and appreciate the defence' balancing national priorities in limes o( real your vital interests and alliance challenges ensconsed within the umbrella of a well reliance", or "regional deterrence need lo rectify this situation in the days ahead I hope I am wrong, for a "Fortress physical stress and strain, you never flag from regionally which you have traditionally Now there is one more concept that must not Australia" policy is no more relevant lo the your position of leadership throughout the understood, non threatening US Military As for ASEAN, we find a mixed bag of demonstrated so ably in the past be overlooked, given that the focus of each of current state of regional affairs than archipeologic region to your north and your presence factors that contribute to the correlation of The United States. Japan and Australia — these factors is related to security — each is "Fortress America" would be for ihe United vital influence in the South West Pacific Islands, forces in Asia and ultimately China — bear a unique and vital O let's talk a little bit then, about this related to defence — and each points a States. While acknowledging absolutely the and you look beyond these nearby horuons. on obligation in maintaining an atmosphere of Clearly, fot the most pan ASEAN is a geopolitical phenomenon in the damning finger at the same ubiquitous legitimate right of any nation to concern itself into the Indian Ocean, westward to South co operation, common purpose, and fledgling success story that ought not to fail Asia Pacific region, bearing in mind as adversary foremost with its vital interests at home, from an West Asia and Africa, and northward lo the confidence building, that will not only block the S to sustain its momentum We must assure we do the mutual interests and responsibilities The concept is "correlation of force" It is American's perspective key among the vital South China Sea. appreciating our critically Soviet adventurism in the Asia Pacific region that it does not On the other hand, one can of Australia and the United Slates a Soviet term It is most useful for ou* requirements of the nations committed to the important geostrategical role is to regional long bul will permit steady, mature growth of the scarcely overlook the cancerous situation in To help us with this analysis, let me suggest consideration because it is unambiguous to western persuasion must be a visible capability term stability and balance economic and political systems of all nations Cambodia and growing Soviet presence in that there are no less than five major events or the Russians and relates directly to their to play a meaningful role on the deterrence Within this strategic framework, ils seems large and small within the region perception of their "deterrence", which is Vietnam There seems little reason to hope factors which we need to take into account front A viable alliance must projecl first and to me that a strong maritime strategy is Given this kind of commitment, strategic what deterrence is all about anyway — the that a Cambodian solution is near at hand, especially as we reflect upon the long foremost the perception of cohesion of especially applicable. 1 hasten lo clarify lhat vision and continued acceptance of regional adversary's perception given the level of success which Vietnam established Australian Defence policy of purpose, the melding of vital interests, while I did not say Naval strategy, bul maritime. responsibility there is great hope for us all has enjoyed in this past dry season As for "forward strategy", the evolving policy of While I would be quick to acknowledge the confronting all adversaries on all fronts with a My definition of a maritime force explicitly Thank you 'self reliance". and the American very relevant importance of economic and the Russians. I believe we have only begun preoccupation with "deterrence" ideological factors to the "correlation of forces" to feel the effects of the Soviet influence within Indo China and South-East Asia I Taking these factors in chronological order, equation, neither dimension can give the don't believe we have the vaguest notion as one comes first and prominently to the Guam Soviets much comfort in this region Their to how to persuade them to go home Nor Doctnne, enunciated by Preside i.. Nixon in economic penetration has been minimal and OC ALFA-LAVAL have we thought through the consequences 1969 — a doctnne which has been referred to their Marxist-Leninist ideology is seen as of their enduring presence by many senior officials of the Australian bankrupt and no longer relevant We are left Manufacturers of: Government as an event which has had a then with the military dimension to be Which leads me to highlight a major dramatic impact upon the thinking of Australian concerned with — no small dimension — concern I hold regarding the decaying Centrifugal Oil Separators Defence Leaders especially as it affected the especially since we know that it is here where situation in the Philippines. While one Fresh Water Distillers now discarded policy of "total reliance" the Soviets have concentrated their priorities can undoubtedly argue that third party Plate Heat Exchangers We recall the second event, pridelessly — the and are able to confront us with unwanted countries should not get involved in the ignominious withdrawal of American and Allied major challenges affairs of others, including the "IMO" Pumps forces from Vietnam in 1974-75. an event that Examining the military factor then, let's start Philippines, I must urge you lo consider signalled the commencement of a significant far in the north with Korea and work our way the strategic consequences to Australia are proud to be chosen as suppliers to the Defence Forces of Australia. drawdown of US forces from the Asia/Pacific south to Australia It would be difficult to expect and all South-East Asia If the United region One of the most immediate more of the Koreans Their investment in State* is required, through one form of Telephone Sydney: (02) 648 0451 consequences of these events was to jar the defence is heavy Readiness of their forces is coercion or another to vacate Its strategic Japanese political leadership into initiating its extraordinarily impressive Their commitment is presence at Clark Field and Sublc Bay. Or The Local State Office first serious examination of its self defence unambiguous What happens to the correlation of forces Pag* Bight—n THE NAVY Oototor.IMB onob.r, lags THE NAVY • g« Mln BOOK REVIEW 1 C*060 '.«CI |'1M Hi ALLIED LANDING CRAFT OF WORLD WAR II J1 ffiJLTfLH L JHl LANDING SHIP. MEDIUM Introduction by A. D. BAKER HI PubHshed by ARMS & ARMOUR PRESS $\ 0r LSM Review Copy From United States Naval Institute Operational use An oceangoing tank landing ship designed lo operate with LCI (Us Description A new design, derived from / t * a combination of the LST •J! J_ and LCT (b). and formerly i • designated LCT (7) I'­ Capacity r> medium or 3 heavy tanks, or 6 LVT or 9 DUKW s 1150 max load to maintain landing rra DUKW draft ) Troops 2 officers, 52 la M29C •Weasel" sible hood Sometimes car ll in and direct fire support and Armament One 5"/38 DP. two 40mm 3.500 mile radius at 12 knots ried at davits, generally trans rocket barrage preparatory to tndurancr and three 20mm singles nos (estimated) ported on the decks of ships landings 188-195 have seventy-five. 13 3 knts at 720 rpm Capacity 25 troops and equipment or Description 12 units have been converted Speed 4 rail Mk 3b and thirty 6-rail 12 loaded litters or 5.0001b from the conventional LSM (designed) Mk 30 rocket launchers Nos ol cargo, all limited by hull by decking over the Displacement Seagoing (full load). 900 196 199 have eighty five Mk freeboard hold tons Draft, ford 4'5V aft 51 rocket launchers (auto Endurance 400 miles at 35 mites per Capacity No troops or cargo 7*1 UA" Landing (full load), malic type) 741 tons Draft ford 3'5". hour on land Dimensions Length 203*6" oa Beam Armour 101b STS splinter shield to ah-6'11'4" Seagoing (light) Speed 5 5 kls in water. 50 mph 34b" gun mounts, pilothouse and 513 tons (max) on land Displacement LSM(R) 188-1% Landing. conning position Tons per inch immersion at Displacement Light. 13.0001b Loaded. 790 tons. Draft (mean, est), Endurance 4.900 miles at 12 kts landing disp'l. 14 10. al IH.bOOIb 5'6". Loaded. 9b8 tons. (loaded) oceangoing disp'l. 14 3 Propulsion b cylinder GM engine 6 b'b". Light. 605 tons. 45" Speed 13 2 kts (max. loaded) Length. 203b" oa Beam. wheel drive on land, propel LSMIR) 196 199 Landing. Propulsion 2 GM 1440 BHP at 720 rpm .141)" Armament, b 20mm lor in water, steered in watvi 830 tons. 5'9". Loaded. (each) diesels. non-reversing mounts by front wheels and small 1008 tons. 6*10*; Light. 588 with airflex clutch and direct 101b STS splinter shield for rudder Ions. 4'4' Tons per inch drive, twin screws 20mm guns and sides of Crew One immersion. 14 4 (loaded). 14 3 (landing) Crew 5 officers. 76 men pilothouse H*ICH OVt* 4 officers. 48 men M29C CARGO CARRIER Landing Ship Medium "WEASEL" Propulsion Fairbanks-Morse Diesel or General Motors Cleveland Operational use To carry a small number 'if Diesel direct drive 2.800 hp al troops or cargo across calm 720 rpm waters - principally rivers IF and swamps , ""ndlrf^N-^r f-?„ 7\ 4 L« Description A small ttacked vehicle on ...... 1 .... •• «- |W «.»,., c • c * ginally designed for work in LANDING BARGE KITCHEN snow and mud A vanalion is U£l=..-i- \ I A LBK fitted with pontoons for use m-JFL in water The carrier is pro on, c Operational use To serve as floating kitchen pelled by tracks both on land to groups of landing craft and in water, where it is r>^ # Description Converted from steel swim steered by two rear rudders 4B /Ltd barges, similar to the LBK drawng shows amphibious LBO type Capacity Storage and issuing space for Capacity 4 men and gear or 2 men enough provisions to feed and 1 2001b cargo 900 men for one week Dimensions 15'9- oa x 5'10*y»" R Dimensions 79' oa x 21 x 3'6" draft (esti 510' 2" high mated) Weight 5.971 gross lbs Armament None 1 Endurance 125 miles (cruising range) Armour 2 2" plastic to diesel tanks, Speed 25 mph on hard surface engines, steering shelter (2b 4 mph max). 3 4 mph in Crew 1 officer. 24 men calm water Endurance 300 miles at 5 knots (estima Propulsion 6 cyl Studebaker Champion ted) gas engine Propulsion 2 Chrysler engines Fuel 35 gals (21 .• mpg in water) Fuel 600 gallons gasoline LANDING SHIP, MEDIUM DUKW (ROCKET) Operational use Amphibious Army truck for LSM(R) ship to shore transport, LSM(R) 188 Class capable of operating m a Twelve LSM s have been converted to serve moderate sea and surf as rocket support ships for amphibious opera Description 6-wheeled truck with a boat tions LSM 188-195 were fitted with aircraft hull, propeller in tunnel, and type launcher rails, while 19b 199 were fitted small rudder Hold may be with the improved hopper type Main deck in 'ON 1 w covered by portable canvas plans of groups are shown Landing Barge. Kitchen and titters, cockpit has collap Operational use To clear the beach with close Landing Ship. Medium (Rockel) Paga Twanty THE NAVV THE NAVY PfefW Twsnty-om denuded his "ami convoy wolf packs" in the Atlantic, which must have given some (if only temporary) relief to our hard pressed Convoys and Escorts 0OENITZ li is interesting Io follow the iate of these 95 U Boats It speaks volumes for our Anli submarine Forces that 5 were sunk in the by CAPTAIN G. E. HUNT, Atlantic enroute to Ihe Mediterranean Six were sunk trying Io penetrate Ihe Straits of Gibraltar DSO\ DSC*. RANEM and 22 turned back for various reasons Sixty two finally entered the Mediterranean and there is no doubt Ihey were extremely War is viewed by many successful, sinking a Battleship. 2 Aircraft Carriers. 3 Cruisers and a Submarine Depot people in quite different wavs Ship Nevertheless the Allied Ant) Submarine and moral issues abound. measures were intense and m due course all 62 When gunpowder was first were sunk' Incidentally. Allied submarines sank 21 German and Italian U Boats in the invented people thought it Mediterranean and only one of our submarines heralded the end of the world. was sunk by a U Boat there Protests today are directed mainly againsl This is perhaps a good point at which to nuclear missiles, but we must not overlook the pause and consider the different operating fact that the "conventional" weapons with techniques of the Allied and German which we (ought World War II are |ust as lethal submarines In the Atlantic, one or more now as they were then - only more U Boats might meet up wilh and attack a sophist KTdlfd convoy of say 40 ships escorted by perhaps half A whole post World War II generation can a do/en escorts using the "wolf pack" tactics U 552 KapifanleufnaNi Erich Topp described earlier only learn about war by reading or hearing She has surfaced to administer the coup de grace to the SS BEACON GRANGE f 10.160 tons) on about it and unfortunately the readers' values By contrast in the Mediterranean. Allied 21 April. 1941 Note the lifeboats with summon Topp was reckoned to be the third most submarines normally maintained solitary are often influenced by the views of the successful German Submanne CO with 193.684 tons to his credit particular writer - thus, the Germans are submerged patrols close inshore off Ports. frequently portrayed as having U-Boats which on the surface, these boats would try and attack Bailie of the Atlantic, proved to be devastating Headlands and focal points and attacked were raiher 'underhand' whereas the Allies 1 532 Korvettenkapitan f ielmut J\ simultaneously On completion, rather than and Allied shipping was being sunk at an individual ships, often heavily escorted I spent had submarines which were, of course, alright' restrict iheir mobility by diving, they often alarming rale Al the same time, as the Battle over three years in the Mediterranean and in In World War I the Germans calculated that She operated in a group uf six U Boats between South Africa and Western Australia, replenishing attempted to use their speed to escape on the p-ogressed and as the Allies gradually gained thai time the largest enemy convoy I saw the quickest way to win the war was to cut off til sea from the German tanker Brake The Brake was eventually sunk by HMS ROEBUCK after surface Training before the war therefore the ascendency U-Boat losses mounted and consisted of 4 ships and ihe heaviest escorl I Britain's supplies This gave rise to much pious uhich I! 532. haomg expended all her torpedoes, proceeded IO Penany uhere she loaded ntal concentrated on this method of attack and by from the beginning of the war until 1943. when encountered was 9 miscellaneous warships indignation and many people protested that supplies for Germany She u-us on her uav home u-hen Germany capitulated and she is shoivn 1937 38 "wolf pack" exercises were the campaign against shipping in the Atlantic escorting one tanker under low For Allied sinking ships without warning (particularly here arnciny in /.icerpool under escort after six months continuously at sea She had onboard 100 commonplace and the technique was was virtually defeated, the Germans had submarines therefore it was quite a different ball innocent merchant ships) was a barbarous act tans of tin. 60 tons of rubber. H tons of wolfram and 5 tons of nml\bdenuni Her gun had heen perfected thrown over 650 U-Boats into the fray and had game funded in f'enang so that she could curry more cargo lost more than 250 of them1 There is little point in going into great detail, However Admiral of the Fleet Lord Fisher ESPITF. Ihe Munich Agreemeni signed Operating these vast numbers of U Boats was but tome idea of the Allied submarine effort In (then First Sea Lord) was more realistic and he in September. 19.38. it appeared to be explained to Churchill and others that idespite an enormous undertaking and of course it (he Mediterranean may be gained by managed to circumvent these restraints by obvious to Hitler that one day there International Law &c) submarines were simply specifically designed to do. which was to sink D necessitated a great deal of "chatter'' on the considering that British submarines sank well would have to be a "showdown" between ships and he went on " the essence of war secretly arranging for submarines to be built as wireless, which could often be monitored and over half the entire total of all shipping doing what everyone knew they had been Britain and Germany and accordingly he is violence moderation in wai is imbecility'" "a private venture" in Finland and clandestine D F'd to the advantage of the Allies Doenit/ available to the Axis Powers in ihe ordered a naval expansion programme aimed Furthermore, he pointed out that mines were training of German Personnel was carried out in himself was quite tireless and took complete Mediterranean at going to war with the about being freely laid by both sides, sinking many these boats between 1931 and 1936 charge of every aspect of his beloved service. 1945 ships without warning and yet this met ace had The Anglo German Naval Agreement signed particularly including the maintenance of However, events moved much faster than OME people have compared Doenttz long been accepted as yet another hazard of on 20th .June. 1935. finally allowed Germany morale which became more and more Hitler had foreseen, with the result that by the with Admiral Sir Max Horton As a Lieut wax to build submarines up to -I *• t of Britain's important as his loses mounted outbreak of war in September. 1939. Germany Commander in World War I. Max submarine strength, which was at that time 59 The Allied campaign in the Mediterranean S So we come to the closing stages o( World had built only 56 U-Boats At the same time Hohon commanded HMS E 9 and proved to boats The Commander in Chief of the War I when a certain Lieutenant Karl Doenit/ in Britain had 58 submarines. France 77. Italy absorbed a large proportion of Britain's be a most capable and successful CO Years German Fleet. Admiral Raedei immediately command o( UB-68 was in the Mediterranean 150. Japan 94. America 112 and Ruscia submarine strength for more than three years later, shortly after the outbreak of World War II appointed Doenit/ (then a Captain) io Doenil/ had been born in September IS91. son (secretive as ever) was believed to have over Over that period the Royal Navy sent more Horton. by then a Vice Admiral, commanded construct, train and command a new submarine of an Fngmeer and heir to large estates in 200 than 100 boats to the Mediterranean and they the British Submarine Service for nearly ihree arm Thus in July. 1935. the German U-Boat were assisted bv 24 Allied boats (10 French. 8 Berlin Giunau After matriculating m 1910 he Britain and Germany had both signed the years (from 1940 to 1942) Thus he was. in a Fleei was officially reborn and Karl Doenit/ was Greek. 4 Dutch and 2 Polish) joined the Imperial German Navy and the London Submarine Agreement in 193b. sense, the "opposite number" to Admiral to remain its "Father" and "Chief Architect" for outbreak of World War I found him in the reinforcing existing International Law and Y the middle of 1941 the Germans were Doemlz In November, 1942. however, Max ten years until finally, as a Grand Admiral and Mediterranean as a Sub-Lieutenant in the outlawing unrestricted submarine warfare The extremely worried about the viability of Horton was appointed Commander-in-Chief. Head of State, following Hitler's suicide, he Cruiser Breslau Early in I'Mb he joined observance of International Law was. however, Axis operations in North Africa and in Western Approaches, which put him in control signed the instrument of surrender in May. B submarines and in due course he was short-lived and by November. 1939, U Boats particular the support of the Afrika Korps. of the Atlantic Convoy and escort organisation 1945. on behalf of ihe German Nation appointed in command of UB-68 While were waging total and unrestricted warfare in because their supplies were being severely and In direct opposition to Karl Doenttz and his attacking a convoy bound for Mafta on 4th Doenit/ knew tint ASDICS existed, hut he accordance with the belief held by Doenit/ that disrupted by Allied submarines The intense U-Boats October 1918. he was sighted and sunk by an did not believe (as many people in Britain did) the destruction of commerce was the quickest campaign against the Axis supply routes to (l is now a matter of history that thanks to the alert HMS SNAPDRAGON Fortunately for that it meant the end of submarines and being way to end the war British and French North Africa was a >olnt operation between dogged determination and courage of the him. he was rescued and taken prisoner and the leader he was. he set about convincing his submarines, however, wete deployed initially submarines and aircraft which resulted on Merchant Service, together wilh the expertise of then in July. 1919. he was released and sent U Boat crews that they could compete with it only against enemy warships and were not occasions in up to three-quarters of the traffic the Escorts. Support Groups. Aircraft and home, where he returned to duty with the given freedom of manoeuvre until April 1940. being sunk Furthermore, he believed that the key to any Shore Staffs, we won through in the end. but H German Navy (during the German invasion of Norway), when future war with Britain lay in countering the Although Italy employed 136 submarines in was a close run thing "sink al sight" zones were established convoy system and in cutting off her supplies Ihe area during this period, they were not In 1943 Doe nit z was appointed This policy of trying to cut off Britain's considered a force to be reckoned wilh because Commander-in-Chief of the German Navy in FTF.R World War I. ihe Peace Treaty as had been attempted in World War I Thus hi supplies meant, of course, that the majority of it was felt they were wrongly employed and I succession to Grand Admiral Raeder. who had signed al Versailles in 1919 prohibited devised what he called "wolf pack" attacks by- German U-Boats were concentrated on the suspect that the Germans had similar resigned (largely in protest, because Hitler had Germany from resurrecting their means of which he reasoned that he could A Atlantic Convoy routes, although some boats misgivings Al any rate Doenit/ decided to send decided that large capital ships were useless and submarine service Later, some of the outnumber the convoy escorts and thus swamp worked farther afield, in the Mediterranean. 95 U Boats to Ihe Mediterranean to reinforce should be scrapped') Meanwhile. Doenitz had restrictions were modified in the Washington the defence In essence this meant locating and Indian Ocean and other areas Doenit/'s "wolt (he Italians and. as he put it. "to clean up the turned over command of (he submarine Arm to Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London shadowing a convoy and homing in several other U Boats and then, generally at night and pack" tactics in what became known as the viper's nest of British boats" in doing so he Admiral von Friedeburg (although of course he Grand Admiral Karl Doemtt Conference of 1931 However. Germany THE NAVY P*a« TwantythrM • Twwity-two THI NAVY continued to keep a "fatherly eye" on his packs" and submarines generally and I got the Karl Doenitz did his best for the German beloved U Boats) very strong impression that, for the German submarine arm and he welded It into a Hitler commuted suicide on 30ih Apul. Navy. Do*? nit/ was the right man in the right lormidable weapon which made the Allies think 1945. but before doing so he wiote a note pin. at the tight time I believe the same could very hard indeed' He proved, for the second appointing Grand Admiral Karl Ooenttz as his be said for Sit Max Horton so far as the Royal time in a generation (if indeed proof were successor as Head of State Herman Goenng. Navy was concerned needed1) that submarines ate a very senous as Reich Marshal, would have been tin- natural Doenitv cared very much lor the welfare and threat to anv nation which is dependent on successor, but Hitlet accused him ol treachery morale of his crews, but he was (like Horton) a seaborne supplies Let us pray that the lesson and cowardice and had ordered the SS to arrest stitct disciplinarian and he came down like a ton does not have to be learned a third time him' of bricks on any CO who didn't toe the line Thus Doeniti found himself suddenly and There seems to be little doubt that he was a TAILPIECE unexpectedly pitchforked into the unenviable very dedicated Naval Officer who was Almost 30.IHX) officers and men were lost in position of heading up a Government which respected by his U Boat crews He used to go U Boats in World War II. or ten limes the knew it had but a few days in which tu try and to endless trouble to meet boats coming in from number of submarines lost in both the RN and negotiate peace terms with its enemies to the patrol, particularly if they had been successful USN combined In addition, about 5000 were East and to the West and, on Hitler's behalf he often held taken prisonet Despite these staggering losses. It is a matter of history now that the Allies, in mini investitures to give on the spot awards to Doenits maintained morale among the U Boat no mood to negotiate, demanded nothing less crews crews by the sheet force of his personality and than total capitulation and that is what His fertile brain was constantly churning leadership happened round with ideas for improvements in tactics Perhaps 1 might end by quoting part of an the design of boats, habitability weapons and Order of the Day issued by Gtand Admiral Karl F the 377 U Boats stilt in commission of course morale, which was always uppermost Doenitz on 4th May. 1945. when he signalled 1S6 surrendered in strict accordance in his mind his boats to cease hostilities O with the terms of the cease fire He used to go to great pains to check the "My U Boat men. six years of II fioat warfare agreement The majority of the remaining 221 vetacity of claims and any so called "atrocity" he behind us You have fought like lions Oberleutnant Siegfried Korischfca crews scuttled their boats in a final gesture of was rigorously investtgat.'d He disliked the continuation of the struggle is no longer He was at one time the CO of U 616 U 6J6 defiance to the Allies, whilst a very few misleading and unttuthful propaganda and he possible from the bases which remain to us was eventually sunk after the longest attempted "escape voyages*' to the Argentine fought a bitter running battle with Goebbels on Unbroken in your warlike courage, you are continuous hunt of the war. three days by and elsewhere that score He did not get on with Herman laying down your arms after an historic fight ft Allied destroyers and a squadron of When Germany was over run. a number of Goenng. whom he accused of withholding In reverent memory we think of our Wellington aircraft m the Mediterranean new and improved and some experimental support when he most needed the cooperation comrades who have died U Boats fell into Allied hands intact, mute of the long range reconnaissance aircraft of the Comrades, maintain in the future your testimony to the forward thinking and simple "yes' or "no" However I undertook a German Air Force to spot convoys V Hoot spirit with which you have fought most ( imagination of DoeniU and his staff It is just as NATO Course m 1>SM and there I met. as This brief pen picture of Karl Doemt/ is in no bravely during the long years well that these boats, such as the Type XXI. fellow students, three ex World War II I' Boat way intended to suggest that he was "pute as Whatever prejudices and memories remain, it were not brought into operational use against COs. who. of course, had served under Doemt* the driven snow" I suppose most great men would surety be difficult for seamen of any us and a British Officer who had met him have their critics and power often goes to their nationality to lake exception to the spirit of that Doenit*. in common with many senior Naturallv. we discussed Doenil/, Horton. "woH head, but no one can argue with the (act that final message officers and Government Officials, was subsequently tried at Nuremberg and eventually sentenced to ten years in Spandau Prison His was one of the lighter sentences He was subsequently released at the age of 65 and he died just a year or two ago In Marlis G Steinert's book on The Capitulation of Boston Engineers Germany, he says of Doenitz — "Many of his ex enemies have long since forgiven him and TITAN PTV LTD paid tribute to his professional achievements Pty Ltd QUALITY RELIABILITY AND PERFORMANCE To him Germany owes the fact that the destruction of the country was not even greater SECO TITAN supply and service a complete cutting tool and that it was not involved in a final senseless Marine and General Engineers programme which consists of the latest in metal removal battle Furthermore, he saved many soldiers technology TURNING. THREADING, MILLING and DRILLING and a great many civilian families from years of tools are equipped with the latest in indexable insert Soviet captivity in the East " development A complete range of conventional, coated and * Marine Hydraulics * Design mulf-coated inserts are complemented with CERAMIC. 1 have been asked whether as a submanne * Manufacturers and Installation Commanding Officer in World War II I would Construction of one of the first of the new fast I. ;•• XXI boats with which Doenitz hoped to regain CERMET and AMBORITE inserts for those difficult have liked to have had Doemu as my Admiral the ascendancy over the Allies Fortunately, these submarines did not become operational before applications That is a difficult question to answer with a Germany capitulated Government Slipway Also included in the cutting tool programme are NIKKEN: Port Lincoln Tool System for CNC Machining Centres FORD Carbide. Burs. End Mills. Urn-Flutes and Drills Proprietors Willy Kop & David Toy The Secretsnes and Pilot* of SECO TITAN PTY UNITED * Repatra. Alteration* and Raflta to All VtMaela We Manufacture * Shark Reels * Anchor Winches 118-120 Adderley St, Auburn, NSW, 2144 THE QUEENSLAND * Deck Winches * Tuna Racks Telephone: (02) 648 5733 Telex: AA24283 Complete Service to All Brands of Hydraulics Heed Office: PO Box 292C Steering. Winches and Tuna Poling Machines NEWCASTLE, NSW, 2300 - Phone (049) 67 2444 COAST & TORRES STRAIT Td*>: SECOTN AA28241 "Kort" Nozzle* fitted to both Steel end Timber Hulls SYDNEY: (02) 648 5733 11 a Adderley street, Auburn PILOT SERVICE PO BOX 350, PORT LINCOLN. SA MELBOURNE: (03) 543 5133 170 Forater Roed, Mount Weverley Off or Beat Wishes to thm BRISBANE: (07) 854 1088 Phone, (056) 32 627 239 Grey Street, South Brisbane AH. (086) 62 5660 ADELAIDE (08) 297 5399 ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY 6 Marker Avenue, Marleaton

Peg* T*tnty-tour THM NAVY October, 1SBS THi NAVV

*» The Comsteel Vickers Group REPORT TO CONGRESS 70 years submarine Excerpts from Fiscal Year 198S The Navy Is Ready The course to re establish uut maritime supet experienj lority set four years ago has not waivered Momentum has continued to keep us on sche dule We have achieved an effective balance between building for the future and making the fleet we have iiMJ.ii, ,i maximum ready iK)htir>g force These results have already added enor mously to our ability lo deter Soviet adven lunsm and to stabilise the peace The fleet and the Fleet Marine Force are more ready to go in harm's way than at any time in postwar history Our friends and adversaries alike know this Sea Bated Nuclear Deterrent The modernisation of OUT sea based leg of the stta tegtc deterrent is proceeding well We have added five Trident SSBNs to the fleet since 1961, with seven others authorised and build ing The latest addition to the fleet was HF.NKY M JACKSON (SSBN 730) commissioned m October I9H4 During sea trials. Trident sub marines have met or exceeded all of their design specifications Tbe first eight Tndeni SSBNs ate outfitted with the Trident I iC 4| missile touting 12 are not available or not appropriate to the Poseidon SSBNs equipped with the Trident I 600-Ship Navy threat Over the past fout years the development sche With the bipartisan support of the past two Congresses we ate well on our way toward Ohio class SSBNs represent a key element in dule of the Trident II ll) fit was begun and then our strategic triad and substantially increase our accelerated to an initial operational capability attainment of a balanced bOO ship Navy by 1989 including 15 carriers increased .imphihi deterrent iKisluri' Any attempted Soviet first (IOC) of 1989 In addition, we have greatly strike would k'ave the Trident force on station strengthened command and control of our stra ous lift, recommissioned and modernised Iowa class battleships. Ticonderoga class cruisers. ready to res|K>nd. and capable of inflicting tegic forces including construction of the Exlre unacceptable retaliatory damage The con mely Low Frequency (F.l.Fl communications Arleigh Burke class destroyers 100 nuclear powered attack submarines and a strengthened iinued invulnerability of our strategic sun system, and have begun deployment of a marines is crucial to out national security To follow-on TACAMO command and control air leg of the strategic triad in the Ohio class sub marine and Trident II missiles This past year this end the Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) craft Last year we began deploying Tomahawk system adds a significant new dimension to sea-launched cruise missiles equipped with witnessed the addition ol 19 ships to the fleet The battleship IOWA IBB <>1) was recommit SSBN communications, enabling commanders nuclear warheads for theatre nuclear deter to communicate reliability with strategic sub rence They are now operationally capable on stoned, the second of Ticonderoga class cruisers YORKTOWN ICO 48). was commi. marines operating at deep depth and standard our attack submarines, destroyers and reactiva speeds Further our SSBN security programme ted battleships This highly reliable, accurate stoned as was one Trident submarine five attack submarines eight Oliver Hazard Perry class continually reviews technologies which con low cost weapons system is a tremendous force ceivably could be relevant to future survivability multiplier that adds a new and very stabilising frigates and two TAGOS surveillance towed array ships of the SSBN force, including actual or potential dimension to our deterrent posture breakthroughs Although most scientific pheno Shipbuilding - Fout years ago :hv IVsi Qualitative as well as the quantitative aspects mena are well understood, healthy scepticism dent set a goal of doubling the naval shipbuild of this growth are very important We are build and vigilant search for new ideas must be main ing programme We have maintained that mg the right ships to counter the Soviet Navy's tamed as technologies continue to improve within the one group of companies. ambitious goal despite continuing cuts from the numerical advantage Such qualitative superior Because of this programme, which stays on the From the time Australia's tirst original budget estimates We have brought ity is obvious in our nuclear powered aircraft leading edge of science and has the best techni two submarines — AE1 and AE2 — We possess that rare combination of dramatic new efficiency and discipline to the carriers and embarked air wings The improved cal support in the country our best estimates knowledge, skill and experience that only management of Navy shipbuilding, increasing b88 class submarines being authorised and built indicate that there is no credible threat today, or arrived, Cockatoo Dockyard, a member the percentage of the shipbuilding budget today are twice as effective as the original SSN in the foreseeable future, to our SSBN force comes with time. awarded competitively from 15 7% in FY 1980 688 class submarine We have revolutionised The situation is dynamic, and we must continue of the Comsteel Vickers Group, has to 84 3% in FY 1985 The Comsteel Vickers Group of surface combatant anli aircraft warfare capabili- our vigorous efforts to ensure we remain ahead been the sole submarine specialist yard From the 479 battle force ships in the fleet nes with the Aegis system in Ticonderoga class of the threat companies welcomes the opportunity to when President Reagan took office, the fleet cruisers This system's ability to engage large in Australia. has giown lo 530 ships today and 545 by the numbers of air threats simultaneously is a major Recent fleet experiences, especially the Royal take an active role in the RAN Navy's Falkland Islands combat experience, That tradition is today maintained end of the fiscal year, reaching 600 by the end step in countering cruise missile saturation replacement submarine program. of 1989 There are currently 103 naval ships raids Many of our battleships, cruisers, destroy highlight the importance of ship survivability in the Oberon class submarine refit and now under construction, conversion or reactiva­ ets and submarines are being armed with We must build ships that can go In harm's way, tion, at 21 different yards throughout the Tomahawk cruise missiles, capable of frying lake battle damage, survive, and remain opera modernisation program. That tradition is United States By cancelling (he Carter long distances and attacking targets at sea or on tionally capable We have made significant pro Comsteel Victors Limited Administration plans to retire the aircraft car­ land Its broad compatibility with our comba­ gress. and I am dedicated to continue Improv­ further enhanced by the total resources 100 Exhibition Street.MeiBourne VIC 3000 riers CORAL SEA (CV 43) and MIDWAY (CV tants distributes offensive power as never ing our survivability posture We intend to now available within the Comsteel Cockatoo Dockyard Ply Limited expedite survivability improvements into the Cockatoo Island. Sydney NSW 2000 41) and the DDG 2 and DDG 37 class des before, greatly compounding the enemy's fleet to ensure maximum readiness and war Commonwealth Steel Co Limited troyers. and by reactivating the battleships, we targetttng problem Tomahawk complements Vickers Group in Australia. fighting suslalnabiltty during peacetime and Mjud Slreel, Waralah NSW 2298 have been able to expanc the fleet rapidly over the power of the carrier air wing and multiplies Specialised steels and forgings, the past four years without sacrificing invest the effectiveness of the force at sea Addi­ combat operations macmning, complex structures and ment in new construction for the 90s and the tionally. Tomahawk opens the way for deploy­ Results of shock tests conducted this past next century ing battle forces without carriers when'carriers summer on YORKTOWN. second of the Ticon- shipbuilding facilities are all contained TH1 NAVY P»Q» Twonty-»«vin THE NAVY OotDtw, 19B! Pags Twsncy-alK MORE POWER

deroga class cruisers, point to the success of our craft, is operating today in the Pacific Ocean passive survivability program YORKTOWN with twice ihe fleet air warfare capability she experienced four significant percussion shocks had before bringing aboard two Hornet Stnke from nearby explosions simulating th- effect of Fighter (VFA) squadrons Recenl reports from battle conditions Even duung the most severe CONSTELLATION have been extremely posi shock, the ship did not go dead in the water live, with the Hornet displaying launching and TO THE NAVY! Her main engines were not damaged Her com boarding rates far exceeding all expectations The history ot the submarine and the history of the bat systems were partially impaired, but were The F A 18 is proving to be three times as restored in short order reliable as any aircraft in the fleet, requiring only re-chargeable lead acid battery go hand in hand. with Chloride Improving ship survivability is an important half the maintenance man hours of other navy USS NEW JERSEY element in our programme to build a 600-ship aircraft As it approaches 100.000 cumulative supplying the battery for the original Holland class submarines for Navy I am encouraged by our progress 10 date (light hours, the F A- 18's safety record exceeds and, with your continued support, we will make those of comparable Navy aircraft by 50 to 80 Strategic Sealift the Royal Navy in 1901. further headway on this important problem percent The carriers CORAL SEA (CV 43) The successful deployment and support of Of course. 15 deplnyable aircraft carriers and MIDWAY (CV 41) will deploy with the F forces m executing military strategy in both war Today,the Royal Australian Navy Submarine Fleet relies remain key to an effective, balanced hOO ship A 18 in 1985 and 1986. respectively, further and peace depends heavily on Strategic Sealift navy We will achieve that goal by building the expanding the capability and flexibility of the Increasing emphasis on mobility force readiness on batteries built in Australia by Chloride to exacting specifications three new carriers authorised and funded, and fleet coupled with a precipitous decline in the US by modernising eight of our oldet carriers in the Because of the integral role of the Reserve in Merchant Marine has brought the Strategic Chloride's long involvement with the development of Service Life Extension Programme (SLEP) today's Navy. I want to highlight KfflM iintia Sealift role into sharp focus Recognising the SARATOGA (CV 60). the first carrier to be lives, mention our progress and point out plans critkality of this role, in March 1984 the Navy batteries which live up to the expectations of submarine fighting SLEPed. iust completed her first post-SLEP for the future formalised Strategic Sealift as a distinct Navy forces has led to a log of extremely valuable experience. deployment in outstanding fashion Pnor to Naval Reserve function Congressional support of related pro deploying. SARATOGA passed a compiehen- This past year witnessed a remarkable expan­ grarmfies has enabled us to move rapidly Our technology has provided unique electrical and sive and rigorous Operational Propulsion Plant sion in the sue and capability of the Naval toward our sealift and cargo movement objec Examination (OPPE) conducted by a special Reserve Drilling Selected Reservists increased lives The Ready Reserve Force (RRF). which mechanical advantages with economical long life, low inspection team from the staff of CmCI-anil'it to more than 102.400 by the end of FY 84. would be activated in time of crisis, is expand­ and then achieved high grades on Operational with the number of reservists on full-time duty ing toward the current goal of 61 dry cargo maintenance characteristics. Readiness Evaluation (ORE) and Preventive for Training and Administration of the Reserve ships and lb tankers Next year, we will com­ Maintenance System (PMS) inspections After (TAR) at more than 13*300 mence our Sealift Enhancement Features (SEF) We are extremely proud of our vital role in battery passing ihese important inspections. SARA Reserve personnel goals are indeed challeng­ programme to increase the military utility of TOGA deployed to the Mediterranean for six ing and we have responded with programmes commercial merchant ships power for the Australian Submarine months and performed brilliantly After success designed to offer new and enhanced incentives The completion of several ship conversion ful full power trials. SARATOGA had no boiler and improve retention The new Sea Air programs in FY 1986 will dramatically increase Fleet and look forward to meet - problems during 2.4(H) steaming hours per Mariner ISAM) program has been remarkably our mobility capability The last of eight Fast boiler Finally, the carrier's air wing averaged successful in providing junior enlisted personnel Sealift Ships (SL 7) will be delivered in FY l ing the ever-changing needs 78 3% mission capable during the 'ast four for the Selected Reserve We recruited the full 1986. providing a sealift capability able to i of Australia's future defence months of deployment quota of 10.000 non-prior service personnel deliver combat equipment at speeds in excess Lessons learned during SARATOGAS last fiscal year, and are well on our way to of 30 knots They will be strategically berthed trailbWmg SLEP are being applied to the FOR accessing the same number this year near designated Army embarkation ports, ready RESTAL (CV 59) and INDEPENDENCES In the Naval Surface Reserve Force, two for full operational service within four days of SLEPs SARATOGA'S record this past year more FFG 7 class frigates will Join the Naval notification clearly reaffirms the wisdom of SLEP SLEP Reserve in FY 198S When added to three FFG The last of 13 MPS' will deliver and form the extends the service life of our aircraft earners 7s and the six FF 1052s now in place, the Naval third MPS squadron This squadron will pro­ from 30 to 45 years, provides a cost-effective Reserve frigate force will increase to 11 Six vide forward deployment of equipment for alternative to new construction and ensures Craft of Opportunity Programmes (COOP) three Marine Amphibious Brigades and combat that the National Command Authority will have units will join the Naval Reserve Force in FY support for 30 days, thereby expanding the the flexibility of a deployable 15 aircraft earner 1985 In FY 1986 we will add four more FFG rapid global response capability of the Marine battle group force 7s. thereby passing the halfway mark in this Corps These MPS squadrons will be preposi- Our program to maintain aircraft inventories ambitious programme of transitioning 26 ASW tioned m the Eastern Atlantic. Western Pacific with the proper mix and in the right numbers to ships to the Naval Reserve Force. 18 FFG 7s and Indian Ocean This concept combines the support the growing navy was sustained in and eight FF 1052s Six COOP units and three responsiveness of airlifted troops with an 1984 A total of 281 new aircraft entered the ARS class ships will join the Naval Reserve equally responsive sealift delivery of preposi fleet including the F- 14A. F A- 18A. A-6E. FA Force in FY 1986 Moreover, two new Seabee tioned combat equipment as a major improve­ 6B. E-2C and P-3C I am particularly pleased battalions as well as a Mobile Inshore Undersea ment in our abihty to form a rapid credible to report our experience with the FA-18 Warfare (MIUW) unit will stand up in FY 1986 forward defence. Funding of the second avia­ Hornet now appearing in the fleet This trend of NRF growth w'll continue beyond tion maintenance support ship (TAVB) this year The F, A-18 is the first entirely new tactical FY 1989 as AO 177 class oilers, eight Mine will augment the MPS squadron deployments aircraft to become operational with the US Countermeasures Ships (MCM 1) and 17 Mine­ We also will see the delivery of the first hospital Navy m the past 12 years CONSTELLATION sweeper Hunter (MSH 1) class ships transition ship (TAH) in 1986. providing much needed (CV 64). the firs: carrier to receive F A-18 air to the Naval Reserve Force medical care TMRI NAVY P*B« Twantynlna E>»0« Twtnty- »*oht TH« NAVY 27naviessail THE DUTCH NAVY IN THE SOUTH-WEST PACIFIC AREA the seven seas with SignaaL MARCH 1942-AUGUST 1945 HEN Hitler's armies overran RNN command in Australia was reorganised I"he familiar Signaal dome on Navy and others in the Pacific in-country facilities providing WThe Netherlands in 1940, the by JONATHAN M. FORD HeHnch moved to Washington and his replace­ warships is a symbol of ultimate region, Signaal maintains an Australian Industry Participation major Dutch contribution to the ment in the SWPA was Rear-Admiral F W allied cause was to come from the Cosier Coster's warships were placed under the weapon control. Signaal, a leader industrial presence in Australia at and on-going support in line with sent to Australia for repairs after it took 10 shell oil-rich Netherlands East Indies. direction ol the Naval commander of the SWPA in radar and control systems tor the Defence Electronics Facility at government policy. hits from the cruiser ARASHIO during the Battle - Admiral Leary Leary's forces were military and civil applications Philips Moorcbank plant in N.S.W. The Royal Netherlands Navy maintained a of Lombok Strait Of the planes of the Naval Air nicknamed "MacAnhurs Navy", with the RNN small but highly efficient naval squadron It con­ Service. 4 RNN Dormers and 4 RNN Catalina providing a welcome addition to his cruiser, around the world, is a member of Signaal and Philips are ideally flying boats were destroyed in the Japanese raid sisted of the Itghi cruisers TROMP. DE RUYTER minesweeping and underwater forces 9 SIGNAAL on Broome (3 3 44) Another 5 RNN the Philips international group of" placed to service Australia's future and JAVA, the destroyers VAN GHENT The TROMP was the first Dutch warship to be Catalinas and 6 RNN Dormers were assembled companies. defence needs with systems Philips Communication Systems KORTENAER. NET HEIN. BANCKERT. VAN called into action when on I6th May she was with other surviving Dutch aircraft at Rathmines NES EVERTSEN. WITTE DE WITH. 12 ordered out from Sydney to search for a Suppliers to 27 navies meeting the most stringent 2 Greenhills Avenue, Moorebank 2170 NSW All but one of the Catalinas were submarines, and aircraft (including Dornier 24T Japanese submarine which had attacked the including the Royal Australian operational requirements and Telephone: (02) 602 2000 purchased by the Royal Australian Air Force flying boats) of the Netherlands East Indies Russian steamer WELLEN This submarine was The remaining Catalina was given to the Naval Air Service The RNN squadron was all part of Admiral Ishuaki's 8th Submarine Netherlands East Indies Intelligence Service but obliterated in the desperate defence of the Squadron (!22. I24. I27. I29, I2l). which (NEFIS) Netherlands East Indies which ceased with the was sent to eastern Australian waters, where surrender the Dutch attempted to send their they were* to attack Australia's merchant van Starkenborgh Stachouwer on 9th March HE Royal Netherlands Navy estab­ shipping After unsuccessful searching for 1942 lished its headquarters at WELLEN's attacker. TROMP was ordered to During the las) few days before the NE1 Melbourne where it was to establish an escort convoy "HK.8" to Port Moresby This surrender ihe Dutch attempted to send then T important convoy was carrying the first sub effective liaison system with the Australian remaining warships and merchantmen out of Defence Department in St Hilda Road The stantial reinforcements to New Guinea and was the path of the advancing Japanese The two RNN Depots were established at St Kitda Road very much a Dutch affair, as the 4th AIF Brigade major escape routes were either via Lombok and Middle Park in Melbourne A RNN base was was earned in the Dutch merchantmen Strait and then through to Australia, or through established on the Swan River at Fremantle BANTAM (3332 ions). BONTEKOt (5033 ,ll Sunda Strait and then onto Ceylon Fremantle tons). VAN HEEMSKERK (2996 tons), and the The strength of the Royal Netherlands Naval saw the arrival of the RNN submarines K IX. forces in Australia as at 10th June 1942 totalled VAN HEUTSZ (4552 tons) K XI and K XII. the troopship GENERAL 1353 men comprising The Australian destroyer ARUNTA and VERSPYCK. steamers TAWALIE (8178 Ions). 207 offtcers TROMP left with the convoy on I8th May and 4 TJMANOEK (5628 tons) and the minesweeper Jr "N 4 midshipmen arrived at Port Moresby safely, after the ABRAHAM CRIJNSSEN The minesweeper 18 warrant officers expected enemy submarine attack never had camouflaged itself with foliage so as to 241 NCOs materialised This was because Ishizaki's UAJ resemble an island and escape detection from 1' 739 ratings submarines were prepanng to launch a midget spotter aircraft The Dutch naval commander j Ift. When on 7th April 1942. Admiral Helfrich submarine raid on the shipping in Sydney Admiral Helfrich look command of these was appointed as the Comrnander-in-Chiel of harbour The submannes K IX and K XI! vessels, as well as :he TROMP which had been ^Ev%\ all Dutch and NEI forces in the Far East, the together with ABRAHAM CRIJISSEN were 1 ^41 sent from Fremantle to Sydney because the US KJ submarine commander Rear Admiral Charles J^R~ Lockwood considered both submarines to be 'fnM 1' _"Slfc __ _J tZ3 * i i.; gffr^.»»^'"& ^ /• ^'aEIaEa» H aWi3 obsolete by US standards Thus when the Rt>« J Japanese midget submarines attacked on the (••IfU night of 3lst May 1942. the K IX was berthed j^n-jmifi-%-1 m1 • •>

THE MAW October, 1SSB P*9* Thirty-on« Bui even so. they were to be involved tn some important missions which were allotted to Rear Admiral Lock wood's West Austral'jr. TOWARDS command N 24th November 1942. JACOB VAN HEEMSKERK and the cruiser HMAS O ADELAIDE left Fremantle on escort duty with Convoy OWI which included the A MORE SECURE Dutch vessel TARAKAN [8183 tons) At 2 16 pm on the following day ADELAIDE sighted the German vessel RAMSES (7983 tons ) JACOB VAN HEEMSKERK and ADELAIDE fired on the blockade runner and caused her to AUSTRALIA. sink at the stern A total of 78 German and 10 Norwegian survivors were rescued after this pemer. mineral and gas projects tn the southern hemi action Australia's proposed new submarine force is rhe An important pari ol the convoy traffic. which logical deterrent for a country surrounded by sea. It is sphere are testament to Western Australia's ability tn support big industry. Strategically. Perth is Aust­ the RNN warships were expected to protect, Jaywtck" - the allied commando raid on Stnga evacuated 950 people tn three trips and sub­ a credible, realistic investment in national security. was ihe flow of oil tankers between Australia ralia's closest capital city to Asia, Europe and Africa pore When the commandoes arrived in 'heir sequently her captain. Li Cdr W J Kruys was Naturally, the location of its construction ami and the Middle East The mafonty of the tankers vessel KRAIT. on 1st September 1943. they recommended for an American [.egion of Merit It's 'he logical choice for a mobile, effective force support programme should be cred'blc and realistic, were Dutch vessels belonging lo the NV obtained oil and water supplies from the award Economically for contractors, strategically for our- too. Today, that's Western Australia. Nederlandslndische Tankstoomboot ONDINA The most important task assigned to the country, it is clear the force Economically, Maatschappy. the Petroleum Maatschappy La OSTER'S surface forces were directed Dutch surface warships was the escorting of the should be assembled, trained Cockburn Sound offers space Corona, and the Nederlandsch Niew of Royal by the Australians for use "Pamphlet" convoy, which carried the MAI'OI 1 III WOKI.I) and supported in Western and facilities railormade for Dutch Shell These tankers included the C in two similar operations which were to Australian 9th Division from the Middle East to Australia, the State of the GADILA (8068 tons) and the OLIVIA (6307 large scale naval construction. have far different results On 4th Mav 1942, six Austi.il..! The TROMP and JACOB VAN Future. tons) which was sunk by the German merchant Dutch soldiers together with eleven Australians HEEMSKERK took over the escort for the And some of the biggest ratdei THOR on 14th June 1942 Another loss escaped from Ambon to Darwin in the Dutch convoy from a British naval squadron and then occurred when the GENOTA (7987 tons) was lugger GRIFFOEN They reported that 800 led it lo Fremantle on the 18th February 1943 captured by Japanese merchant raiders on 9th Australians and 2(H) Dutch prisoners-oi-war The two Dutch warships then formed pari of the May 1942 These raiders were to have a totally were held under light guard at Tan Toey on escort for thai part of the convoy which sailed lo different encounter with a Dutch tanker on 1 lth Ambon Island The Director of Plans of the Melbourne After completing this task, the November 1942 On that day the ONDINA Australian Navy Office proposed that TROMP JACOB VAN HEEMSKERK strengthened the (6431 tons) was being escorted by the corvette and the destroyer HMAS ARUNTA be used to escort for the remainder of the convoy which HMIS BENGAL when they were attacked by transport a commando force which would reached Sydney without incident on 27th the armed merchant raiders the HOKUKU rescue the Allied POWs Although Coster February 1943 The RNN warships had been MARU and the AIKOKU MARU The Ondina'• accepted this plan with some reservations. assigned lo strengthen the convoy's escort so as sole 4 inch gun managed to score five hits on Admiral Leary believed the mission would end lo alleviate the fears thai were felt for the vital the HOKUKU MARU's bridge and midship in failure and refused to grant permission for the convoy's safety by the Australian government structure, as well as blowing off her stern and attack Dutch and Australian guerrillas had been sinking the raider The gallant tanker had operating on Timor since February 1942 suffered two torpedo hits to Number 2 and 3 When HMAS ARMIDALE was sunk while HE other Dutch surface warship in holds and her captain was killed when the bridge canying Dutch reinforcements to Timor, the Australia, ihe ABRAHAM CRIJNSSEN took a direct hit But after AIKOKU MARU TJERK HIDDES was sent from Fremantle to Twas to have a chequered career After sailed off. the tanker was able to limp back to Darwin to help search for survivors Then on 9th May 1942 the minesweeper was held at Fremantle December 1942. the RNN destroyer fenied 49 Melbourne until a suitable fate could be decided As a resuh of this action Coster transferred the sick and wounded guerrillas. 64 members of the for her Being equipped for both mine lay inn. and tanker to his command, where she acted as the Australian 2 2nd Independent Company. 192 mlnesweeping she was of interest to the RAN RNN depotship in Western Australia She Dutch troops and 87 Portuguese civilians from which acquired the minesweeper on loan from moved to the submarine base at Exmouth Gulf Timor to Darwin Between 10th and 19th ihe Dutch on 28lh September 1942 She was and it was there she played a part in "Operation December the TJERK HIDDES successfully used for escort duties and was handed over for British operational command on 20lh August 1943 In April 1945 she was aga.n under Dutch command and she was sent lo Darwin lo act as depot ship for the RNN motor torpedo boats MTB 26 and MTB 33 She was (he only RNN warship lo participate in a Japanese surrender, when on 7th September 1945 she was part of the Allied force sent to accept the surrender on Timor. The Dutch submanne force maintained its presence in the South-West Pacific Area up until ihe end of the Pacific War The K IX was ordered to be decommissioned on 15th July 1942 She was transferred to the RAN for use tn antisubmarine training on 27lh September Having spent more rime in dry-dock under repair than at sea. Ihe K IX transferred back to the RNN on 31st March 1944 It was decided to convert her lo an oil hulk, and she was ordered to Darwin to service the RNN warships stationed there But before reaching Darwin, the K IX Government of Western Australia broke her tow. and ran ashore where she was Cm.m»nderl^Hr*rebinMBERAN(Rctir^^ abandoned as a wreck rorfunhffdeuiIi,eontiKr« MimswfaW^eLi^MSf.Gcoise.^^ The K Xll was placed at the disposal of the Oi ike of the Deputy Prem i Netherlands Indies Forces Intelligence Services (NEFIS). which used her for 4 patrols until mid October, 1QBB THE NAVY P»B« ThWty-fcrw«« I TNrtytwo The 0 19 scored her first success on 16th November 1944. when she sank the Japanese coastal vessel KAISHIN MARU No 2 1150 tons) by gunfire The submarine then proceeded to BELLINGER lay a minefield in Bantam Bay (north of Java) where another Japanese merchantman was claimed The 0 19 suffered a severe depth INSTRUMENTS charge attack after this modem, but she managed lo limp back to Fremantle for repairs On 9th January 1945 the 0 19 sank the con ^^a^v/*^^,*^ verted gunboat SHINKO MARU (934 tons) by PTY. LTD. torpedoes The Dutch submarine claimed the Japanese tanker the HOSEl MARU (8% Ions) on 9th January 1945 On 22nd April she was accredited with damaging by torpedoes the Japanese heavy cruiser ASHIGARA (12.000 tons) But fate was against the 0 19 and on 8th July 1945 she sank after striking a reel in the Defence Contractors South China Sea Her crew were saved by the USN submarine COD which was patrolling the area at the time • Instrument Systems • Electronics

The 0 19. K XII and the ZWAARCHV1SCH pTV^OlVS^l all pamcipated In NEFIS patrols which included 4-6 MURIEL AVENUE gathering information from captured fishermen Abraham Crfjnssen camouflaged For example, on 23rd June 1944. the prahoe T RYDALMERE, NSW, 2116 DOEN1A BAROE was sunk near Past Ipsh by the K XII and the 4 crew members were taken June 1943 These patrols involved ihe landing PO Box 780 layer ITUKUSHIMA (1970 tons) and damaged ort board for questioning in Australia Parramatta, NSW, 2150 ol Allied agents on Java During one such patrol her sistership the WAKATAKA with a torpedo in November 1942 the submarine was On 18th February 1943 she damaged an approaching Fremantle when she was unknown Japanese merchantman and this was OUR other RNN submarines were to Suppliers of: mistakenly attacked by an American aircraft, but to be the Dutch submarine's final "big kill" in the arrive in Australia before the Telephone: 684 1424 suffered no damage The K X!l was transferred Pacific In May 1945 she sailed from Fremantle to Vice-Admiral Lockwood's Task Force 71 to Dundee in Britain Fcessation of hostilities In April 1944 the high quality edible oils, (submarines) and took part in asdic exercises K XIV arrived in Fremantle for use in NEFIS with Allied aircraft and surface warships On Contractors to the Department of Defence 12th April 1944 the K XII was decommissioned margarines and frying and was sold to Luna Park in Sydney mediums for catering Y August 1944, the British Eastern purposes Fleet had far more submarines B than could be fully employed In their operational area (normally the Malacca Straits) The British proposed therefore, that their sub­ marines could be sent to operate from a base in Western Australia, and from there attack the SHIPPING SERVICE South China and Java Sea areas Thus the 8th Submarine Flotilla including the Dutch VEGETABLE OILS submarines ZWAARDVISCH (Swordftsh) and 0 19 transferred to Fremantle at the end of their August/September patrols The • Attendance at Ships • Marine ZWAARDVISCH arrived at Fremantle on 7th Contractors • Line Running September 1944 and the 0 19 arrived on 18th PTYLTD September The ZWAARDVISCH operated in * General Towing • Bunkering the Java Sea. South China Sea. and Malacca Strait and claimed its first victim on 4th October • Lighterage Service. when tt sank a 500 ton Japanese coastal tanker On the same patrol on 6th October the ZWAARDVISCH obtained Its most notable Many years experience in this area success when it sank the German submarine •Sydney 693 6111 U 168 in the Java Sea The survivors were ensures efficient service taken on board the Dutch submarine bu* condi • Brisbane 265 6066 ttons became so cramped, that it was decided to transfer 22 Germans lo a passing native fishing • Hobart 72 8827 Pat KaMa: (M2) 72 IMS boat which took them to Penang Island The German captain Helmut Akrh. his three officers Newcastle: (048) IS 2411 and an injured sailor were taken back to • Melbourne 68 5311 Fremantle Syiajy & Betaiy: SIS BSI7 The Dutch submarines divided their patrols • Adelaide 46 4805 thus ZWAARDVISCH patrolled the South China Sea whlk the 0.19 operated tn the Java • Perth 337 3333 31 SO flt* and Flores Sea as well as their old hunting CAIRNS — MOURILYAN — LUCINDA - ground of the Malacca Strait ZWAARDVISCH sank ihe Japanese motorshlp KOEI MARU (19 — MACKAY, QLD tons) on 10th October 1944. and 5 days later she sank the KAIYO MARU No 2 (143 tons) On 17th October she sank the Japanese mlne- THE NAVY October, 1QI Octob«r, 1BQB patrols She damaged the Japanese minelayer evacuation, the VAN GALEN and TJERK TSUGARU (4400 ions) on Zlst June, but the JACOB VAN HEEMSKERK antiaircraft HIDDES were the only destroyers remaining cruiwr 3350 tons, complement 309 10 x 4" enemy warship was finished off by the US sub under his command Indeed it was ironical that AA guns. 8 M 40mm Bofors AA. 4 x 20mm manne DARTER on 29ih June On 25th June the Dutch navy should be called upon to defend Oerlikon AA. 1 multiple pom pom the K XIV sank a Japanese landing craft by the very shores where 300 years before then TJERK HIDDES destroyer (ex HNS gunfire near Sanana in the Moluccas The K XI ships had been dnven into the reefs, therefore Nonpareil) 1690 tons, complement 183 6 x Atlas COPCO Australia Pty Ltd arrived in Fremantle from Bombay in April contributing ihe first pieces of knowledge about 4 7 inch guns. 1 x 4' gun. 6 smaller. 5 x 21" 1945 As the British were supplying newer this continent torpedo tubes Compressed air suppliers to the Defence forces submarines 10 the Dutch, the K XI was VAN GALEN destrouei lex HMS Noble) 1690 decommissioned on I lth April In February * Stationary and portable compressors SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY tons, complement 183 6x47" guns, 1 x 1945 the K XV was based at Ceylon under US * Air tools Chrafupfwf Aigyta CI 4" gun. 6 smaller. 5 x 21" torpedo tubes operational patrol She was used in NEFIS Crawler and truck mounted drill rigs [>•» nkutbalrd R«< patrols leaving from Darwin and Exmouth GuH. ABRAHAM CRIJNSSEN mine London 1«. AuMrokon No,., |«4? t«45 Auuialun War Mrnmul Canbana I1"..' boats Branches throughout Australia. The Naval Air Service of the Royal Jan* > A'., (n* Wotldi Fig'uiny .Snvpt 1*1 < I94A •,:•. ,«... TUJGERHAAL submarine (ex HMS Tarn) Netherlands Navy continued lo operate in . •'. Momrn 4 Co lid I ••].-• I<«5 1430 ions complement 65, 1 x 4" gun, 1 x 1942. using its sole remaining Dorniei Adm ("harln I Ofkwood Sink tm AH Su|,m.ir„„ .«Ml. vi ih* PacdK Dunon Ns-u. York 1%1 20mm AA, 3 MG. 11 x 21" torpedo tubes (8 Flyingboat This aircraft was used to maintain Chtsionhrf Thorn* AAn o, a K.nd The Unn«d SftMt bow, 3 stern) contact with Lt de Bruine's guenillas in Dutch Hm»,. and it* War Atjamw Japan mi 1945 Hamnh ZWAARDVISCH submarine (ex HMS New Guinea In October this aircraft, the sole >Um*on l-ondon I97H Talent) 1430 tons, complement 65 1 * 4- reminder of the old two tiered system of Dutch Anlh.ni, J WMM A*WJ .Sutmur-nri - Wmld W«r II Fail f*n Macdonaid and Janm London 1177 gun. I x 20mm AA. 3 MG. 11 x 21 • torpedo airpowet. was disposed of when it was lent to JonnWmton Th, /onjooVH f'lr*>t Th* tSmth Navv -n lh* tubes (8 bow. 3 stern) th« RAAF ORDNANCE FACTORIES Part. |9M l**4S Ci>*a,d MtMan., IntapoiaWd N*» 0.19 minelaying submarine 1536 tons Yori. 1970 The contribution of the Royal Netherlands complement 55 1x35" gun. 2 x 40mm Navy to the war in the South West Pacific Area AA. 1 x 12 7mm AA. 8 m 21" torpedo tubes KEEPING THE NETHERLANDS BENDIGO & MARIBYRNONG m^ was limned by the small number of RNN war (4 Oow, 2 stern. 2 amidships) 40 mines ships involved and the limited tasks they were FLAG FLYING IN THE SOUTH­ K IX submarine 712 tons, complement 31 1 assigned It should be remembered that when WEST PACIFIC AREA - THE x 3 5" gun. 1 - 12 7mm AA. 4 x 17 7" torpedo tubes (2 bow. 2 stern) the now famous US 7th Fleet was formed in WARSHIPS OF THE DUTCH K XI A KXI1 submarines 815 tons 1943. one third of its cruiser force was Dutch, NAVY SUPPORTING AUSTRALIAN DEFENCE while it also included two Dutch destroyers and complement. 31 1 » 3 5" gun. 1 x 12 7mm a RNN minesweeper The Dutch vessels had TROMP cruiser 3350 tons, complement 309 AA. 2 x 21" torpedo tubes, 4 » 17 7 inch provided the bulk of Vice Admiral Lockwood's 6x59". 50 calibre guns. 4 x 3" AA torpedo lubes 14 bow, 2 stem) Manufacturers of: • NAVAL GUN MOUNTS ' surface forces in Western Australia (two thirds of guns. 4 * 40mm AA. |2pdr) (Boforsl. 6 x K XIV ft K XV submannes 1000 tons complement 38 1x35" gun. 2 x 40mm • PROPULSION GEARBOXES his cruisers and destroyers). and after the loss of 20mm AA (Oerlikon). 4 MC; 4 OCT. 6 x 21" HMAS VOYAGER during the Timor triple torpedo tubes AA. 8 x 21" torpedo tubes ( 4 bow, 2 stern and • CONTROLLABLE PITCH PROPELLER SYSTEMS 2 at midships) • ARMY FIELD GUNS & BARRELS • ROCKET MOTORS 4Eh • • OCEANOGRAPHIC and R A S WINCHES BROWN BOVERI AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD. ^=* Sg*Jr\ • NAVAL RECOMPRESSION CHAMBERS New Address 25 Garllng Road, Marayong, N.S.W. 2148 Quality approved to local and overseas defence standards. Sub-contract Phone: (02)831 1222 capabilities lor Australian Frigates. New construction Submarines. New surface combatants. Project Water and Winnin. 24 HOURS

Enquiries to. BENDIGO (054) 404311 MARIBYRNONG (03) 319 4499 P.O. BOX 147 PRIVATE BAG No. 1 TURBOCHARGER SERVICE BEfVO/GO. 3550 ASCOT VALE, 3032 SYDNEY: T«l: (02) 831 1222 Tatae AA21501 WELLINGTON: (T/F«x (02) 831 1017) After Hours: (02) 930 4317 Tsf: (04) 727205 sS~~l Tslsx: NZ34S0 BRISBANE: Alter Hour.: (04) 7SS710 Tali (07)300 1311 y AUCKLAND: Telex: AA41457 Local serves stations lor \ Tel: (00) SUMS After Hours: (07) 200 0242 immediate turbocharger v Tslsx: NZ21265 After the war comes MELBOURNE: spares and service BRISBANE Allot Hours: (00) 452078 TO* (03) 410 3477 Tele.- AA32784 SYDNEY After Hours: (090) 774 647 AUCKUC?LAVIU D PERTH: "1 WELLINOJ TO* (00) 277 5377 NEW j\U the Battle. ZEALAND/ J Tele« AA93348 After Hours: (00) 201 0300 OS

P«g« Thirty-.,„ THE NAVY \ BWWWIBWHM AUSTRAUATURBOCHARGER SERVICE j REMEMBER THE GOOD OLD NAVY

BOOK easWu fllvllwp RIVERINE drawings, four paintings. 322 comparison silhouettes and an amazing 496 painted representatives of every ma>or class in immaculate detail BALTIC ASSIGNMENT: BRITISH A Pictorial History of the Brown Water War in Each of these having been painstakingly prepared by the author, most in SUBMARINERS IN RUSSIA, 1914-1919 Vietnam full colour BV Michael Wilson BV Jim Mrtko This volume is further enhanced by excellent layouts and its easy to Published by Leo Cooper In association with Seeker AY Warburg Published by Squadron, Signal Publications read format One would generally expect to pay much more for a work WfMQHT a LOGAN WARSHIP PHOTOGRAPHS Reviewed by Peter Fan- Tha wnoni 4 Logan costcnon ol Warsne Pnoiographi from tna 1920s TO in« prasani Review Copy from Thomas C. Lothian of this type Tony Gibbons is to be congratulated on the thousands of In October. 1914. Roger Keyes despatched three F.-class sub­ day covers NMI and KMafare vasaat* - both Bnntn and Fora>gn 11 Munro St. Port Melbourne. Vk 3207 countless hours he has dedicated to this magnificent book One of the H% tee Wai ssseea; «a» wi» i eajaajssssti jeaatpssr of looionj—r? marines to operate in the Baltic against the Germans His move was one Reviewed by Ross Gillett finest books ever produced on battleships and battlecruisers A must for As • apac« OH*/ io l«MKI o> Trw Navy wo «• MM to OflOl B tT » 7 mounlod of the first offensive deployments in the First World War and was a clear photograpn of your srup *' C6 Siorhng Mch (mclude* Pooti Since the end of the many books have been published every naval enthusiast Most highly recommended demonstration of Keyes' 'offensive spirit' which so appealed to Churchill Tol us ino noma ol you> SIMJ) (and tha yoar you *ora on board) and *• •< t 9M» suit «» describing the air and land operations ot that conflict However, a most can supply • land pnrttad photo - horn ongmai nag* CONWAVS ALL THE WORLD'S FIGHTING in the Second World War that he made Keyes Director of Combined important phase of the overall military effort, the nvenne conflict, has Wo wore not m buwiMi Tom 1930-45 but can normafty supply • •»*» photo U*o« Operations long after Keyes had retired The three submariners that been sadly neglected SHIPS, 1906-21 •horny batoro or •110' tr. * ponod Keyes chose were the elite of the Royal Navy's submarine service. Each Wo can auo supply pnnti "°m postcard* to 30"'• 20 To meet the challenge on the rivers of , a vat an iy Published by Conway Maritime Press was to rise to command that service Martin Nasmith. who did not of small craft few of which were ocean going, satisfied a variety ot tasks Edited by Randal Gray manage to reach the Baltic, was later awarded the VC for submarine WNIOHT* LOOAN along the coast and into the rivers and canals which dissected the Reviewed by Ro»s Glllett MEW IN operations in the sea of Marmora. Max Horton. C-in-C Western 20 QUEEN STREET war ravaged countryside At long last the final volume of Conway's impressive senes of the New i F«a cots** aaiiow (M > M") Approaches in a later war. and Noel Laurence, who did make the peri­ POftTSEA According to the author, the type of warfare waged on the inland World's Fighting Ships has been published It was back in 1979 that the lous passage into the Baltic became the first RN commander (other than PORTSMOUTH POL 3HL and coastal waters of Vietnam was last practised by the USA during the first volume. 1860 1905 was released Charles Lucas) to operate In that most perilous of seas, since Saumare2 Civil War. almost 100 years earlier As a result, many of the tactics were Since then, readers have enjoyed the 1922-46 and 1947-82 took VICTORY into the Baltic in 1807 Both were signally successful based on the earlier enpenences of the French Union Forces or were periods Because the current volume covers only a 16-year period in and were to be promoted and awarded the DSO For some time the developed through trial and en or over 425 pages, much more emphasis has been given, especially in the Baltic was known as 'Morton's Sea' and Laurence was known, after After a comprehensive description of the French river forces Great Bntain section, to the individual careers of the battleships, cruisers, torpedoing the German Bartlecruiser MOLTKE. as the 'Saviour of Riga' employed after the Second World War. the author progresses through monitors and aircraft earners These two officers and a third. Francis Cronw. were to become the chapters detailing the early years of the Vietnamese Navy and the USN's Each country is preceeded by an historical article describing the impor­ scourge of the Germans in the Baltic Brown Water Fleet Specific mentions are made of Market Time. tant political and technical developments, concluding with a statement of Harbour Defence and the role of the US Coast Guard the Fleet Strength in 1906 Throughout the book, the narrative is supponed by a large number The quality of photographs is. as usual, up to the high standard set This book, then, is the account of those operations The author of black and white and colour illustrations each meticulously captioned by Conway in their earlier volumes, with most being seen for the first Michael Wilson |oins a lcr>q line of RN officers who became naval histor­ The variety of craft employed during the war ranged from STABs I SEAL lime However. I wish much the same could be said of the layout For ians Included among them are Reginald Bacon, who wrote a life of his Team Assault Boatsl. to MSB* (Non-Magnetic Mineswt-eping Boats), to instance on page 59 there is a photograph of HMS CONCORD under patron. Lord Fisher. Jelhcoe himself. Cunningham, who through 'A PCFs ('Swtnboat' Inshore Patrol Craft) the listing for the Cambrian class light cruisers, but the entry lor CON­ Sailor's Odyssey' brought home the reality of war in the Mediterranean; As well as butlt-forthe-purpose craft, the US developed a large CORD is on page 60 The photograph of the German battleship BADEN Donald Mclntyre, Peter Kemp, and that doyen of naval historians who *. "'*" "^"""ftt number of nvenne CTaft converted from landing craft These included appears on page 150. two entries distant from its associated table and were former serving officers. Stephen Rosklll ATCs (Armoured Troop Carriers). CCBs (Command Communications nanative Alas. Michael Wilson is no Stephen Rosklll The book is interesting Boats) and River Monitors, armed with a 40mm cannon. 20mm and 50 For the RAN. many of its ships from the mid-war penod are because the story is interesting. The style of Wilson is disjointed and •ssssssssssssssssssssW^ * "*ffl calibre guns, some were even modified as rocket boats and others with desenbed under their original Royal Navy groups, such as the V and W grating and the substance of the book concentrates too much on Cromie Hk^'^^'-Cis small helicopter flight decks' class destroyers, which appear as three distinct groups. V class Flotilla to the detriment of others The selection ol photographs Is poor, given At only $15 95. "Rivenne" is strongly recommended to readers Leader (VAMPIRE!. V class Destroyer (VENDETTA) and W class des­ the (act that Wilson had access to the RN Submarine Museum at Cos- whose interest is the USN. small craft or the Vietnam Wai troyers (VOYAGER and WATERHEN) port. For example there are no photographs of either Kennedy or Lafl Supporting the hundreds of photographs are numerous, specially- Laurence, despite the fact that there are good ones of these Officers In sssr_jsssseasfl prepared line drawings, showing the original or as completed profiles those archives. Referencing is non-existent and Wilson cannot decide If "THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF From Great Bntain to Zanzibar, the naval histonan should look no he wants to write pop history or serious history We have had the pop BATTLESHIPS AND BATTLECRUISERS" further than Con ways for a bright and intelligent description of the navies history with 'A Damned Un-English Weapon* and 'By Guess and by By Tony Gibbons of the world Strongly recommended God' It b now time for a serious history in the Marder fashion. This eadl Published by Salamander Books Limited. London BRITISH WARSHIPS & AUXILIARIES book Is not it Available in Australia from Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Lane Cove Despite these misgivings, I must recommend Wilson's book as the Price 129.95 (1985-86 Edition) most complete account of RN submarine operations in the Baltic yet HMASAUSTRALIA, heavy cruise*. 1928-55 1 Reviewed by Vic Jeffery By Mike Critchlcy published. 'The Complete Encyclopedia of Battleships and Battlecruisers'' is a Published by Maritime Books technical directory of all the worlds capital ships from 1860 to the pre­ Reviewed by ROM Glllett ±rVr4sssssssHHVVVv*«sssssssssfc^ sent day As an instant ready-reference to the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet In this one superlative volume. Tony Gibbons has recorded the his­ Auxiliary. I found "British Warships fit Auxiliaries" a most entertaining Tr" ' iMfl sssfsW tory of every class of battleship and bartlecruiser that were designed publication "vfi I between the introduction of the first ironclad — the French "GLOIRE" of The book is over 110 pages in length and includes a half-page -tfvflfl 1860 - and the appearance of the Soviet Union's battlecruiseT ""KIROV" photograph of all classes o( vessels currently in service The table and ... f^Rr"'*" . H k in 1980 In that expanse of time 324 classes of battleship and battle ad)acem nanative provide the basic facts and figures to this handy i::«W i< £j;~v r cruiser were designed and they are all here in this 272 page volume reference work Small sections are also devoted to the Fleet Air Arm and *9SL ' '*• f This unique work of reference is divided into ten sections. I860- Army vessels, as well as a list of pendant numbers divided into ship JBA ' - M astf t asT^PaTt 1869. 1870-1879. 1880 1889. 1890 1899. 1900s pre Dreadnoughts. types t Jj •••• •••4Jk|, 1900s Dreadnoughts. 1910 1919. 1920-1929. 1930-1939 and 1940 In his foreword to the book. Mike Cnlchley examines the Royal ' T^^^CfclWlsssssssMai onwards Each section is prefaced by an introduction that examines the navy in 1985 and then discusses both its merits and the problems now fcyi technological developments of the penod and the factors influencing being encountered A small colour section is included, however. I wish Lssssl * naval policy the book designer had kept all the horizontal photographs facing the / • • • ^HW>». .***»»•.. 1 r**™ Each entry includes tabular data on launch and completion dates, same way The colour photograph of RFA RELIANT, the new aviation dimensions armament, engines and performance, armour, other ships support ship, is very interesting Surely the RAN could do the same' C-Sj?^ of the class and complement Service careers, refits and conversions are The final page of "British Warships & Auxiliaries" is devoted to also included ships at the end of the line and those awaiting sale or scrapping Well HMA S SYDNEY, /.g/it cruter. 1913-28 HMAS SYDNEY, tjh cruUer. 1935-41 Superbly illustrated, this book includes 130 photographs. 15 line worth the Investment THBNAVY Pfja> Thirty •lylii THI BACKGROUND NOTES TS NEPEAN Naval Reserve Cadet Unit, bated in Penrith was originally begun in 1979 by member* of the Nepean Blue Mountains MY LEAGUE Sub Section of the Naval Association of Australia The Unit was officially recognised by the Nival Reserve on February 1 1981. and was then based at the Kmgswood Armament Depot until and June 1982 when it was moved to its present location on MWS&DB land in Memorial Avenue. Penrilh On August 4. 1983. the Unit's building and contents were destroyed in a fire hi by vandals The fire destroyed many valuable CADET SEWS training materials and historical items which had been donated over the years In October 198,). the Unit Committee IP&C) Building Committee Dew Sir. submitted a comprehensive application for a CEP grant to build a New I am writing on behalf of the above Committee to ask for Headquarters and Training facility on land granted to it in the Wetr support In our fundraislng efforts, designed to raise Reserve. Pennth In August 1984. the Committee contracted for the money to build a Headquarters and Training facility on concrete slab to be laid to assist in the Grant application which was subsequently rejected The total expenditure to date on the Project by the banks of the Nepean River at Penrith the Committee is $4 LOW Specifically, we are asking for support with our BUY A The Building Committee now is hoping to raise the necessary funds BRICK CAMPAIGN to complete and open the building in time for the 75th Anniversary of The Building will require 41.000 bricks, and the the RAN In July 1986 The immediate requirement is for an estimated opportunity to donate money for their purchase Tor the $55,000 tor the steelwork and roofing so that voluntary assistance can Project at $1 per brick is offered to persons or be used for brickwork, exterior and interior organisations wishing to assist the Unit in its objectives The BuJding when completed will bring to the Weir Reserve and Pennth. an attractive and needed asset providing a positive and viable All donations to the NRC Building Fund — Penrith, are alternative for the Training and Development of the voulh of the District The Unit currently has a complement of 'i5 male cadets, and 10 deductible for tax purposes, and as a member of the lemale cadets with six officers and instructors This is currently under League. I would appreciate the circulation of our cause pressure with a waitinu list of young people wanting to )om The new and needs to your membership facility will provide accommodation for up to UK) cadets, plus staff Yours faithfully. Prank J Syaranamual. Secretary r ! SPONSORSHIP APPLICATION FORM

i/We wish to sponsor the totowmg iltm/person/team in the TS

NEPEAN BRICK CAMPAIGN:

Star.

T< Proposed new headquarters and training facilities 1 our cheque (or (he amount of $ payment for the sponsorsNp/tdwrtismrj required

Dm:_

"NRC BUtUMNG FUND - PENRITH"

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"... PLEASE NOTE

THIS MATERIAL WAS FILMED AT A REDUCTION RATIO OF 23.5x

SOME PAGES MAY CONTAIN POOR PRINT, TIGHT BINDING, FLAWS AND OTHER DEFECTS WHICH APPEAR ON THE FILM