Constant State of Emergency Keeps Serbia on Edge
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Report to the Government of Serbia on the Visit to Serbia Carried out by The
CPT/Inf (2012) 17 Report to the Government of Serbia on the visit to Serbia carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 1 to 11 February 2011 The Government of Serbia has requested the publication of this report and of its response. The Government’s response is set out in document CPT/Inf (2012) 18. Strasbourg, 14 June 2012 - 2 - CONTENTS Copy of the letter transmitting the CPT's report ............................................................................4 I. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................5 A. Dates of the visit and composition of the delegation ..............................................................5 B. Establishments visited...............................................................................................................6 C. Consultations held by the delegation and co-operation received .........................................7 D. Immediate observations under Article 8, paragraph 5, of the Convention establishing the CPT ......................................................................................................................................8 E. National Preventive Mechanism ..............................................................................................8 II. FACTS FOUND DURING THE VISIT AND ACTION PROPOSED ..............................10 A. Establishments under the authority of the Ministry of Interior.........................................10 -
Albanian Language Identification in Text
5 BSHN(UT)23/2017 ALBANIAN LANGUAGE IDENTIFICATION IN TEXT DOCUMENTS *KLESTI HOXHA.1, ARTUR BAXHAKU.2 1University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Informatics 2University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Mathematics email: [email protected] Abstract In this work we investigate the accuracy of standard and state-of-the-art language identification methods in identifying Albanian in written text documents. A dataset consisting of news articles written in Albanian has been constructed for this purpose. We noticed a considerable decrease of accuracy when using test documents that miss the Albanian alphabet letters “Ë” and “Ç” and created a custom training corpus that solved this problem by achieving an accuracy of more than 99%. Based on our experiments, the most performing language identification methods for Albanian use a naïve Bayes classifier and n-gram based classification features. Keywords: Language identification, text classification, natural language processing, Albanian language. Përmbledhje Në këtë punim shqyrtohet saktësia e disa metodave standarde dhe bashkëkohore në identifikimin e gjuhës shqipe në dokumente tekstuale. Për këtë qëllim është ndërtuar një bashkësi të dhënash testuese e cila përmban artikuj lajmesh të shkruara në shqip. Për tekstet shqipe që nuk përmbajnë gërmat “Ë” dhe “Ç” u vu re një zbritje e konsiderueshme e saktësisë së identifikimit të gjuhës. Për këtë arsye u krijua një korpus trajnues i posaçëm që e zgjidhi këtë problem duke arritur një saktësi prej më shumë se 99%. Bazuar në eksperimentet e kryera, metodat më të sakta për identifikimin e gjuhës shqipe përdorin një klasifikues “naive Bayes” dhe veçori klasifikuese të bazuara në n-grame. -
Serbian Institutions
“It is My Dream to Leave This Place” Children with Disabilities in Serbian Institutions Copyright © 2016 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-33603 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org JUNE 2016 ISBN: 978-1-6231-33603 “It is My Dream to Leave This Place” Children with Disabilities in Serbian Institutions Map .................................................................................................................................... I Summary ......................................................................................................................... 1p Life in Institutions .................................................................................................................... 6 Obligations ........................................................................................................................... -
The Traditional Tower Houses of Kosovo and Albania - Origin, Development and Influences
University of Business and Technology in Kosovo UBT Knowledge Center UBT International Conference 2018 UBT International Conference Oct 27th, 3:15 PM - 4:45 PM The rT aditional Tower Houses of Kosovo and Albania -Origin, Development and Influences Caroline Jaeger-Klein Technische Universität Wien, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://knowledgecenter.ubt-uni.net/conference Part of the Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Jaeger-Klein, Caroline, "The rT aditional Tower Houses of Kosovo and Albania -Origin, Development and Influences" (2018). UBT International Conference. 27. https://knowledgecenter.ubt-uni.net/conference/2018/all-events/27 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Publication and Journals at UBT Knowledge Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in UBT International Conference by an authorized administrator of UBT Knowledge Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Traditional Tower Houses of Kosovo and Albania - Origin, Development and Influences. Caroline Jaeger-Klein1 1 Vienna University of Technology, Department for History of Architecture and Building Archaeology, Karlsplatz 13/251; A-1040 Vienna, Austria [email protected] Abstract. Gheg-Albanians as well as Tosk-Albanians consider a distinct tower-house type of their traditional heritage. The closer look upon the structures in their geographical distribution from the Dukajin plains in nowadays Kosovo into the Dropull valley in Southern Albania provides a wide range of variations. Generally those structures served as impressive residential houses (banesa) for rich landlords, warlords, tax collectors and merchants performing a rural- urban lifestyle. Therefore, a sophisticated blend of the all-time defendable Albanian tower house (kulla), still existing quite intact in the western Kosovo plains, and the comfortable Turkish life- style influenced residence was developed during the long centuries of the Ottoman rule over Western Balkans. -
Albania's 'Sworn Virgins'
THE LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION OF GENDER IDENTITY: ALBANIA’S ‘SWORN VIRGINS’ CARLY DICKERSON A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN LINGUISTICS YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO August 2015 © Carly Dickerson, 2015 Abstract This paper studies the linguistic tools employed in the construction of masculine identities by burrneshat (‘sworn virgins’) in northern Albania: biological females who have become ‘social men’. Unlike other documented ‘third genders’ (Kulick 1999), burrneshat are not motivated by considerations of personal identity or sexual desire, but rather by the need to fulfill patriarchal roles within a traditional social code that views women as property. Burrneshat are thus seen as honourable and self-sacrificing, are accepted as men in their community, and are treated accordingly, except that they do not marry or engage in sexual relationships. Given these unique circumstances, how do the burrneshat construct and express their identity linguistically, and how do others within the community engage with this identity? Analysis of the choices of grammatical gender in the speech of burrneshat and others in their communities indicates both inter- and intra-speaker variation that is linked to gendered ideologies. ii Table of Contents Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………….. ii Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………….. iii List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………..……… viii List of Figures ……………………………………………………………………………………ix Chapter One – Introduction ……………………………………………………………………... 1 Chapter Two – Albanian People and Language ………………………………………………… 6 2.0 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………6 2.1 History of Albania ………………………………………………………………………..6 2.1.1 Geographical Location ……………………………………………………………..6 2.1.2 Illyrian Roots ……………………………………………………………………….7 2.1.3 A History of Occupations …………………………………………………………. 8 2.1.4 Northern Albania …………………………………………………………………. -
THE WARP of the SERBIAN IDENTITY Anti-Westernism, Russophilia, Traditionalism
HELSINKI COMMITTEE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN SERBIA studies17 THE WARP OF THE SERBIAN IDENTITY anti-westernism, russophilia, traditionalism... BELGRADE, 2016 THE WARP OF THE SERBIAN IDENTITY Anti-westernism, russophilia, traditionalism… Edition: Studies No. 17 Publisher: Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia www.helsinki.org.rs For the publisher: Sonja Biserko Reviewed by: Prof. Dr. Dubravka Stojanović Prof. Dr. Momir Samardžić Dr Hrvoje Klasić Layout and design: Ivan Hrašovec Printed by: Grafiprof, Belgrade Circulation: 200 ISBN 978-86-7208-203-6 This publication is a part of the project “Serbian Identity in the 21st Century” implemented with the assistance from the Open Society Foundation – Serbia. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Open Society Foundation – Serbia. CONTENTS Publisher’s Note . 5 TRANSITION AND IDENTITIES JOVAN KOMŠIĆ Democratic Transition And Identities . 11 LATINKA PEROVIĆ Serbian-Russian Historical Analogies . 57 MILAN SUBOTIĆ, A Different Russia: From Serbia’s Perspective . 83 SRĐAN BARIŠIĆ The Role of the Serbian and Russian Orthodox Churches in Shaping Governmental Policies . 105 RUSSIA’S SOFT POWER DR. JELICA KURJAK “Soft Power” in the Service of Foreign Policy Strategy of the Russian Federation . 129 DR MILIVOJ BEŠLIN A “New” History For A New Identity . 139 SONJA BISERKO, SEŠKA STANOJLOVIĆ Russia’s Soft Power Expands . 157 SERBIA, EU, EAST DR BORIS VARGA Belgrade And Kiev Between Brussels And Moscow . 169 DIMITRIJE BOAROV More Politics Than Business . 215 PETAR POPOVIĆ Serbian-Russian Joint Military Exercise . 235 SONJA BISERKO Russia and NATO: A Test of Strength over Montenegro . -
Gheg Albanians Belgium
UUPG Gheg Albanians in Belgium People Name Gheg Albanians Country Belgium Status Unengaged Unreached Population 177,000 Language Gheg Albanian Religion Islam Written Scripture Yes Oral Scripture Yes Jesus Film Yes Gospel Recordings Yes Christ Followers No Churches No "Therefore beseech the Lord of the harvest Workers Needed 3 to send out workers into His harvest." Workers Reported 0 Photo: Anonymous INTRODUCTION / HISTORY WHAT ARE THEIR BELIEFS? and represent His Kingdom on earth. (Mt The Albanians are believed to be Centuries ago, many Albanians were 6:9-10, Rom 12:2, 2 Cor 3:18) descendants of the Illyrians, who were the converted to Islam by the Ottoman Turks. original inhabitants of the western Balkan However, they practiced a type of "folk * Pray for every opposing spirit to give way Peninsula. In the sixth century, migrating Islam," which embraced occult practices to the liberating, life-giving gospel of the Slavs began to settle on Illyrian territory such as praying to the dead, seeking cures Lord Jesus Christ, the coming King. (James and pushed the Illyrians into what is for sickness, and praying for protection 4:7, 2 Cor 10:4-5, 1 Cor 15:58, Mt 18:18) present-day Albania. The Albanians are from spirits and curses. divided into two major groups, the Gheg SOURCES and the Tosk, according to which Albanian WHAT ARE THEIR NEEDS? https://goo.gl/Yav1QR dialect they speak. The two dialects differ The Albanians in Belgium need advanced https://goo.gl/sIQZIx slightly in vocabulary and pronunciation. In language skills and educational https://goo.gl/a0DBrb the 1950s it was decided that the Tosk opportunities so they can thrive in https://goo.gl/ugy3Hy dialect would be used in all Albanian Belgium’s highly advanced economy. -
Third Section
Communicated on 25 June 2014 THIRD SECTION Application no. 5591/10 Milica ĐORĐEVIĆ and others against Serbia and 3 other applications (see list appended) STATEMENT OF FACTS A list of the applicants is set out in the appendix. They are all represented by the Belgrade Center for Human Rights, a non-governmental organisation based in Serbia. A. The relevant background An attempt was made on 31 June 2001 to hold a rally intended by its organisers to promote the equality and visibility of lesbian, gay bisexual and transgender population in Serbia (the “Belgrade Pride Parade”) in central Belgrade. This event was violently disrupted and the rally had to be stopped. The next attempt to hold such a rally was made in 2009 (see below). A “Pride Parade” was held in central Belgrade on 10 October 2010 with official permission. While the parade itself was held without incidents, the police had to confront numerous violent opponents who tried to disrupt it. It was reported that more than 100 police officers were injured. No “Pride Parades” have been permitted since. The applications concern the applicants’ attempts to hold “Pride Parades” in 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013. B. The circumstances of the present cases The facts of the cases, as submitted by the applicants, may be summarised as follows. 2 ĐORĐEVIĆ AND OTHERS v. SERBIA AND OTHER APPLICATIONS STATEMENT OF FACTS AND QUESTIONS 1. Pride Parade in Belgrade in 2009 (Application no 5591/10) (a) Introduction The applicants in this case are Ms Milica Đorđević, Mr Dušan Kosanović, Ms Majda Puača, Ms Marija Savić and Ms Dragana Vučković. -
Transcript of Spoken Word
http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection 1 BOZA RAFAJLOVIC‘S TESTIMONY CONDUCTED ON MAY 2ND 1997 IN BELGRADE Now, you will hear the testimony of Boza Rafajlovic, a journalist who successfully escaped occupied Belgrade when he was 17 years old. He managed to reach the Adriatic coast under the Italian control from where he tried to evacuate his family from Belgrade. After a period of time spent in an Italian transit camp, Boza joined Tito’s army. Now I will let Boza introduce and describe himself, his family, and his life before the war. Jasa Almuli a journalist from Belgrade, conducts this interview for the U.S. Holocaust Museum and Jeff and Toby Herr Collection. Q: Bozo please… A: I escaped Belgrade under the Germans’ bombs. It was on Sunday, April 6th 1941. My parents were aware of the fact that I decided to leave. Not to run away, but to leave. Inside my house we talked about necessity for resistance. I wanted to be a volunteer. I was only 17 years old. The Army of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia did not recruit volunteers. I was walking throughout demolished Belgrade looking for the military institution that would recruit me. In front of the main military headquarters I was told that there is no military command and that Belgrade is an open city. I was born on December 23rd in a family, that through circumstances, became assimilated and accepted a Serbian last name Rafajlovic. My grandfather and his brother had the same name. -
Map by Steve Huffman; Data from World Language Mapping System
Svalbard Greenland Jan Mayen Norwegian Norwegian Icelandic Iceland Finland Norway Swedish Sweden Swedish Faroese FaroeseFaroese Faroese Faroese Norwegian Russia Swedish Swedish Swedish Estonia Scottish Gaelic Russian Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic Latvia Latvian Scots Denmark Scottish Gaelic Danish Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic Danish Danish Lithuania Lithuanian Standard German Swedish Irish Gaelic Northern Frisian English Danish Isle of Man Northern FrisianNorthern Frisian Irish Gaelic English United Kingdom Kashubian Irish Gaelic English Belarusan Irish Gaelic Belarus Welsh English Western FrisianGronings Ireland DrentsEastern Frisian Dutch Sallands Irish Gaelic VeluwsTwents Poland Polish Irish Gaelic Welsh Achterhoeks Irish Gaelic Zeeuws Dutch Upper Sorbian Russian Zeeuws Netherlands Vlaams Upper Sorbian Vlaams Dutch Germany Standard German Vlaams Limburgish Limburgish PicardBelgium Standard German Standard German WalloonFrench Standard German Picard Picard Polish FrenchLuxembourgeois Russian French Czech Republic Czech Ukrainian Polish French Luxembourgeois Polish Polish Luxembourgeois Polish Ukrainian French Rusyn Ukraine Swiss German Czech Slovakia Slovak Ukrainian Slovak Rusyn Breton Croatian Romanian Carpathian Romani Kazakhstan Balkan Romani Ukrainian Croatian Moldova Standard German Hungary Switzerland Standard German Romanian Austria Greek Swiss GermanWalser CroatianStandard German Mongolia RomanschWalser Standard German Bulgarian Russian France French Slovene Bulgarian Russian French LombardRomansch Ladin Slovene Standard -
Kristoforidhi's Concept in Classifying Gheg Vowels
European Scientific Journal December 2015 edition vol.11, No.35 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 KRISTOFORIDHI’S CONCEPT IN CLASSIFYING GHEG VOWELS Manola Kaçi Myrta, PhD “Aleksander Moisiu” University, Albania Abstract Kristoforidhi, is a linguist and scholar who has contributed to Albanian linguistics. His work has been focus of various linguists and scholars. His interests’ studies, among others, have also included the phenomena of phonetic nature. In this study, we are focused on introducing Kristoforidhi’s concept about Gheg vowel system based in the respective classifications according to their features. Another aim of this study is Kristoforidhi’s treatment of some phonetic phenomena as elision, aphaeresis, rounded, diphthongs and consonants exchanges. Foreign researchers, who also presented their concepts about Albanian phoneme inventory, also treated Albanian phoneme vowel system. From this perspective, another aim of the study is to compare the Kristoforidhi’s concept with Albanian and foreign linguists, as A. Dodd, Jorgji Gjinari Rexhep Ismaili, M. Halimi, G.S.Louman, N.S Trubeckoi, V. Polak, in order to evaluate Kristoforidhi’s ideas and concepts. Based on these ideas, Kristoforidhi’s concept about Gheg vowel system is very close to the concepts of different albanologists, but also Albanian scholars as well. We may admit that Kristoforidhi’s concept is very close to the contemporary concepts of this nature, therefore, the classification of Gheg vowel system. Keywords: Vowel system, Gheg, comparison, Kristoforidhi, concepts contemporary Introduction Kristoforidhit works are often made the focus of study by different linguists, in which they find linguistic values that stand even today in Albanian linguistic opinion. -
UNDP RS NARS and Indepen
The National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia Serbia AND INDEPENDENT BODIES SERBIA THE REPUBLIC OF OF ASSEMBLY NATIONAL NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AND INDEPENDENT BODIES 253 NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AND INDEPENDENT BODIES NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AND INDEPENDENT BODIES Materials from the Conference ”National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia and Independent Bodies” Belgrade, 26-27 November 2009 and an Overview of the Examples of International Practice Olivera PURIĆ UNDP Deputy Resident Representative a.i. Edited by Boris ČAMERNIK, Jelena MANIĆ and Biljana LEDENIČAN The following have participated: Velibor POPOVIĆ, Maja ŠTERNIĆ, Jelena MACURA MARINKOVIĆ Translated by: Novica PETROVIĆ Isidora VLASAK English text revised by: Charles ROBERTSON Design and layout Branislav STANKOVIĆ Copy editing Jasmina SELMANOVIĆ Printing Stylos, Novi Sad Number of copies 150 in English language and 350 in Serbian language For the publisher United Nations Development Programme, Country Office Serbia Internacionalnih brigada 69, 11000 Beograd, +381 11 2040400, www.undp.org.rs ISBN – 978-86-7728-125-0 The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the United Nations and the United Nations Development Programme. Acknowledgement We would like to thank all those whose hard work has made this publication possible. We are particularly grateful for the guidance and support of the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia, above all from the Cabinet of the Speaker and the Secretariat. A special debt of gratitude is owed to the representatives of the independent regulatory bodies; the Commissioner for Information of Public Importance and Personal Data Protection, the State Audit Institution, the Ombudsman of the Republic of Serbia and the Anti-corruption Agency.