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Chapter 7. Remembering Them
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2017-02 Understanding Atrocities: Remembering, Representing and Teaching Genocide Murray, Scott W. University of Calgary Press http://hdl.handle.net/1880/51806 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNDERSTANDING ATROCITIES: REMEMBERING, REPRESENTING, AND TEACHING GENOCIDE Edited by Scott W. Murray ISBN 978-1-55238-886-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence. This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display or perform the work as long as you clearly attribute the work to its authors and publisher, that you do not use this work for any commercial gain in any form, and that you in no way alter, transform, or build on the work outside of its use in normal academic scholarship without our express permission. -
Balkanlar the Balkans
DOSYA / FILE: Balkanlar The Balkans ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR ve TARİH Yıllık Uluslararası Hukuk ve Tarih Dergisi INTERNATIONAL CRIMES and HISTORY Annual International Law and History Journal sayı / issue Panslavizmin Çarlık Rusyası’nın ve Sovyetler Birliği’nin 17 Balkan Politikaları Üzerindeki Etkisi 2016 Ali ASKER - Merve Suna ÖZEL ÖZCAN The Making of the Rhodopean Borders and Construction of the Pomak Identities in the Balkans Cengiz HAKSÖZ Yugoslavya’nın Dağılması Bağlamında Josip Broz Tito ve Slobodan Miloseviç’in Söylem ve Politikalarının İncelenmesi İbrahim Fevzi GÜVEN Kosova ve Kırım Vakalarının Uluslararası Hukuk Perspektifinden Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi Abdullah TUNÇ - Hamdi Fırat BÜYÜK The Fabricated Pontus Narrative and Hate Speech Teoman Ertuğrul TULUN RAPOR / REPORT 81. Yılında Montrö Sözleşmesi’nin Karşılaştığı Güvenlik Sorunları ve Sözleşmenin Feshi ve Tadili İçin Girişimler Vukuunda Karşılaşılacak Senaryoların Analizi Mustafa Şükrü ELEKDAĞ ULUSLARARASI SUÇLAR VE TARİH INTERNATIONAL CRIMES AND HISTORY Yıllık Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi Annual International Peer-Reviewed Journal 2016, Sayı / Issue: 17 ISSN: 1306-9136 EDİTÖR / EDITOR E. Büyükelçi - Ambassador (R) Ömer Engin LÜTEM SORUMLU YAZI İŞLERİ MÜDÜRÜ / MANAGING EDITOR Dr. Turgut Kerem TUNCEL İMTİYAZ SAHİBİ / LICENSEE AVRASYA BİR VAKFI (1993) Bu yayın, Avrasya Bir Vakfı adına, Avrasya İncelemeleri Merkezi tarafından hazırlanmaktadır. This publication is edited by Center for Eurasian Studies on behalf of Avrasya Bir Vakfı. YAYIN KURULU / EDITORIAL BOARD Alfabetik Sıra ile / In Alphabetic Order Prof. Dr. Dursun Ali AKBULUT E. Büyükelçi / Ambassador (R) Alev KILIÇ (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi) (Avrasya İncelemeleri Merkezi Başkanı) E. Büyükelçi / Ambassador (R) Yiğit ALPOGAN E. Büyükelçi / Ambassador (R) Ömer Engin LÜTEM (AVİM Danışmanı) (Avrasya İncelemeleri Merkezi Onursal Başkanı) Prof. Dr. Ayşegül AYDINGÜN E. -
Genocide Bibliography
on Genocide The Armenian Genocide A Brief Bibliography of English Language Books Covering Four Linked Phases Genocide Facts Presentation of Oral and Written Evidence for the Armenian Genocide in the Grand Committee Room, The House of Commons London 24th April 2007 First and Second Editions 2007, with Addenda 2009, Third Edition 2011, Fourth Edition 2013, Fifth Edition Centennial Presentation, the 1st of January, 2015 Sixth Edition © English By Français T.S. Kahvé Pусский Español Ararat Heritage Հայերեն London Português 2017 Genocide: Beyond the Night, by Jean Jansem, detail photography by Ararat Heritage PREFACE There are certain polyvalent developments of the past that project prominently into the contemporary world with pertinent connotations for the future, decisively subsuming the characteristics of permanence. Their significance dilates not only because well organised misfeasance bars them from justice, but also because of sociological and psychological aspects involving far-reaching consequences. In this respect, the extensive destruction brought about by the Armenian Genocide and the substantive occupation of Armenia’s landmass by its astonishingly hostile enemies will remain a multifarious international subject impregnated with significant longevity. Undoubtedly, the intensity of the issue in motion will gather momentum until a categorically justifiable settlement is attained. A broad reconstruction programme appears to be the most reasonable way forward. PREAMBLE 1st. PRELUDE TO GENOCIDE Encompasses the periods referred to as the Armenian Massacres; mainly covering the years 1894 - 96 and Adana 1909. Some titles in the bibliography record the earlier international treaties that failed to protect the Armenians. Only a small number of works have been included, predominantly relevant to this period. -
CHURCH of ST. ADALBERT 1903-1978 Grane Street Hill, 550 Lansing Street, Schenectady, NY 12303 (Jubilee Book)
CHURCH OF ST. ADALBERT 1903-1978 Grane Street Hill, 550 Lansing Street, Schenectady, NY 12303 (Jubilee Book) Crested on a hill stands the Church of St. Adalbert, its magnificent steeple spiralling heavenward, a reminder of the Shrine of Our Lady of Częstochowa (Jasna Góra), the spiritual and cultural focal point of Poland. Thus located, it offers a panoramic view of the City of Schenectady. As the Documents of Vatican Council II underscored, the Church is primarily people-God's people. More than two centuries before the establishment of the Church, Polish immigrants were known to be living in America, among them Albert Zaborowski. One of his descendants, John Lansing Zabriskie, was living in Schenectady in 1792. John, who in 1795 subscribed funds toward petitioning the New York State Regents to establish Union College, was a member of its first graduating class. Records further indicate that Ludwig Gapczynski, after serving in the Civil War, took up residence with his wife on Veeder Avenue in 1865. Not only was he the first Pole to become a citizen in Sche- nectady (in 1868), but his son, William, was the first person of Polish descent born in the City. A tailor by trade until his hands were severely burned, Ludwig then opened the first Polish grocery on Ferry Street. This was a blessing for the Polish women who, lacking adequate English, were forced to bring samples of coffee, pepper, sugar, and other foodstuffs wherever they shopped. The store also served as a place where friends met to exchange news. The Gapczynski family, through their subsequent travel agency and banking interest, encouraged and assisted other Polish families to settle here. -
A Brief History of the Ottoman Greek Genocide (1914-1923)
A Brief History of the Ottoman Greek Genocide (1914-1923) Asia Minor, also called Anatolia (from the Greek for “sunrise”), is a geographic Contemporary Eyewitness Accounts and historical term for the westernmost part of Asia. From the 9th century BC to the 15th century AD, Asia Minor played a major role in the development of From The Blight of Asia, by George Horton, U.S. Consul-General in the western civilization. Since 1923, Asia Minor has comprised the majority of the Near East, 1926: Republic of Turkey. “In January, 1916, the Greek deportations from the Black Sea began. These Greeks came through the city of Marsovan by thousands, walking for the Greek settlements in Asia Minor date as far back as the 11th century BC when most part the three days’ journey through the snow and mud and slush of Greeks emigrated from mainland Greece. They founded cities such as Miletus, the winter weather. Thousands fell by the wayside from exhaustion and Ephesus, Smyrna, Sinope, Trapezus, and Byzantium (later known as Constantinople, others came into the city of Marsovan in groups of fifty, one hundred and five the capital of the Byzantine Empire). These cities flourished culturally and hundred, always under escort of Turkish gendarmes. Next morning these poor economically. Miletus was the birthplace of pre-Socratic Western philosophy refugees were started on the road and destruction by this treatment was even and of the first great thinkers of antiquity, such as Thales, Anaximander, and more radical than a straight massacre such as the Armenians suffered before.” (p. 194) Anaximenes. -
Medz Yeghern "The Great Crime
Katastrophe "Total Destruction" Greek Genocide 1914-1923 Background Greeks have lived in Turkey for thousands of years. Greek communities were primarily concentrated around the regions of Pontus, Cappadocia, and the Aegean sea. Under the Millet system, Greeks managed to preserve their religion and culture, yet remained second-class citizens under Ottoman law. The Young Turks and later the Republic of Turkey sought to create Map of Massacre Sites a "pure" Turkish state and embarked on a decade-long campaign of expulsion and genocidal massacres of Greek communities across Turkey. Testimonials Key Perpetrators "You couldn’t get the women to give up their Talaat Pasha Extermination dead babies. They’d have babies dead for six Ottoman Minister of days. Wouldn’t give them up. Nothing you The Greek Genocide began in 1914 with massive could do about it. Had to take them away Interior Affairs deportation and execution campaigns in the regions of finally. Then there was an old lady, most extraordinary case. I told it to a doctor and Topal Osman - Turkish Eastern Thrace, Pontus, and Anatolia. Using the same he said I was lying. We were clearing them off bandit leader in Pontus methods employed against the Ottoman Armenian and the pier, had to clear off the dead ones, and this old woman was lying on a sort of litter. Assyrians, under direct order from the ruling Committee They said, “Will you have a look at her, sir?” Djemal Pasha for Union and Progress (CUP), Turkish gendarmes, So I had a look at her and just then she died Ottoman Minister of and went absolutely stiff" - Ernest the Navy Kurdish militias, and freed criminals embarked on a Hemingway. -
The Greek Pontian Genocide the Untold and Forgotten Story
THE GREEK PONTIAN GENOCIDE THE UNTOLD AND FORGOTTEN STORY November 2016 GREEK PONTIAN GENOCIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Preface 2. Facts and Summary 3. Background and Historical Documentation 4. Genocide Recognition Terminology 5. Contemporary eyewitness accounts 6. Academic Discussion 7. Conclusions 8. Recognitions and Proclamations 9. About the Canadian Hellenic Congress and the Bibliography PREFACE Dear Reader, The Canadian Hellenic Congress has produced this booklet for the purpose of creating awareness among our fellow Canadians and to contribute to the discussion of the need to recognize and acknowledge the first genocide of the 20th Century. Many of the materials used in this booklet are in the public domain and have been written by individuals who want justice to be served for all the victims of genocides. The Hellenic Genocide, part of which is known as the Greek Pontian Genocide, is the forgotten and untold story of the genocide of Hellenic peoples. By decree of the government of the Ottoman Empire (today’s Turkey), Hellenes were deliberately and systematically removed from their ancient homelands of Asia Minor, Anatolia and Pontus. Many fled the acts of terrorism; the labor battalions; the rapes; murders; hangings and fires. Others were driven from their homes in forced marches. Experts state that 1.7 million men, women and children were affected. Our hope is that governments, including our Canadian governments, legislatively recognize and acknowledge this genocide as a crime against humanity. We hope that our brethren, who perished, get justice and further that this heinous crime against humanity is never again permitted to take place against any peoples. -
Integrated Genocide History
Integrated Genocide History George N. Shirinian, ed., Genocide in the Ottoman Empire: Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, 1913–1923, New York & Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2017. Pp 433, hardcover, $69.95 US. Reviewed by Matthias Bjørnlund, Danish Institute for Study Abroad The Context Genocide studies—in short, analyzing one or more cases of organized mass destruc- tion—is by now a somewhat established academic discipline. While it is still young, it is, after ‘‘having remained marginal to academic discourse’’ for decades, no longer a mere toddler in the field of humanities and social sciences thanks to a host of factors, from individual achievements to geopolitical shifts.1 Genocide, of course, is not young, not even as a concept. For instance, long before Nazi atrocities were famously dubbed ‘‘a crime without a name’’ by Winston Churchill in 1941, neologisms exactly similar to Raphael Lemkin’s 1943/44 invention of the Greek-Latin hybrid word ‘‘genocide,’’ (ge´nos +-cide, i.e., the murder of a people/nation/race/tribe) were used by Scandinavian and German politicians, diplomats, reporters, and intellectuals from 1915, alongside ‘‘crimes against humanity,’’ ‘‘extermination,’’ and ‘‘race murder’’ to define or encapsulate the ongoing destruction of the Ottoman Armenians and Greeks. These neologisms were, for instance, folkemord, folkmord, and Vo¨lkermord, all combining the words ‘‘people’’ and ‘‘murder.’’ Both before and after that, the Greek genoktonia, the Armenian tseghas- panutiun, and several similar words synonymous with genocide were used -
Two Ordained to the Priesthood
50¢ November 4, 2007 Volume 81, No. 40 www.diocesefwsb.org/TODAY Serving the Diocese of Fort Wayne-South Bend TTODAYODAY’’SS CCATHOLICATHOLIC Two ordained to the priesthood Salute to Father Jason Freiburger and Father Robert Lengerich assigned to parishes they served as deacons religious orders BY TIM JOHNSON A jubilee celebration honors FORT WAYNE — “This is a great moment of joy and thanksgiving,” Bishop John M. D’Arcy said as he priests, brothers and began the homily at the ordination of Jason E. sisters of the diocese Freiburger and Robert J. Lengerich to the holy priest- hood at the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception Pages 11-16 on Oct. 27. The ordination followed years of preparation for Fathers Freiburger and Lengerich at St. John Seminary in Boston, Mass., and Pontifical College Josephinum in Columbus, Ohio, and weeks of prayers by the Indulgence update parishes they served as deacons, had served as semi- Bishop explains indulgence narians or attended in their childhood. The overflow- ing cathedral only reiterated the support and prayers Page 3 from the people who came to know these two men. “This can be seen as it is a hunger for God, Jesus Christ, to remain close to us — to you and me, to everyone — not only on See more ordi- this day but forever through the min- nation photos Protected in the istry of the holy Eucharist,” Bishop on the diocesan storm D’Arcy said in his homily. “We will Web site and on understand that there is only one PAGE 24 Bremen parishioner survives priest and that is Jesus Christ, and we all share in that in baptism.” tornado He added, “The priesthood can never be anything to what he made it for us — all of us — like him. -
April Genocide Prevention Month
IN RECOGNITION PALISADE PREP WILL BE ENGAGING IN ACTIVITIES AND DAILY ANNOUNCEMENTS. EVERY MORNING WE WIL BE LEARNING ABOUT A GLOBAL GENOCIDE. EACH AND EVERY ONE OF US CAN PREVENT THESE ACTS OF ATROCITIES BY EMBRACING OUR DIVERSE COMMUNITIES AND THROUGH RANDOM ACTS OF KINDNESS WE CAN MAKE OUR WORLD A MORE PEACEFUL PLACE. WE ARE ENCOUARGING EACH AND EVERY STUDENT TO BE AN UPSTANDER. An “upstander” is someone who recognizes when something is wrong and acts to make it right. EACH WEEK WE WILL ENCOURAGE STUDENTS TO TAKE PART IN A THEME… Week of April 9th: Help someone this week: hold a door open, help pick up items someone may have accidentally dropped, help your teacher or fellow classmate, help our custodians by cleaning up after yourself or picking up litter around the halls or in the classroom… Make someone smile..Say good morning, good afternoon, or just a simple hello with a smile to everyone you see, sit with someone new at lunch or in the classroom, write something kind on a post it and stick it on their locker or desk. Week of April 16th: Say Thank You this week to anyone who may have helped you, thank your parents, thank your teachers, thank a custodian, thank any staff member who may have assisted you in solving a problem or situation, say thank you to a classmate who may have helped you with something, say thank you to a grandparent, aunt, uncle, say thank you to a police officer… Week of April 23rd: Volunteer: give a little bit of your time this week by volunteering outside of school within the community ..soup kitchen, church, retirement home, tutoring, elementary school, or volunteer your time inside the building maybe you can help someone in the building during lunch or after school. -
The Greek Relief Committee: America's Response to the Greek Genocide (A Research Note)
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 3 Issue 3 Article 9 December 2008 The Greek Relief Committee: America's Response to the Greek Genocide (A Research Note) Nikolaos Hlamides Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation Hlamides, Nikolaos (2008) "The Greek Relief Committee: America's Response to the Greek Genocide (A Research Note)," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 3: Iss. 3: Article 9. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol3/iss3/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Greek Relief Committee: America’s Response to the Greek Genocide (A Research Note) Nikolaos Hlamides London, UK In studies of the various relief efforts launched in response to the fate of Ottoman Christian minorities in the early twentieth century, much attention is given to the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief and, in particular, to its successors under different names, especially the Near East Relief. The role of other American-based aid organizations has been largely overlooked. This paper serves as an introduction to the Greek Relief Committee, a New York City–based organization that worked alongside other relief organizations from 1917 until 1921, administering aid to the Ottoman Greek population. Keywords: relief organization, Greek Genocide, American philanthropy The Relief Committee for Greeks of Asia Minor, or Greek Relief Committee (GRC), was an American relief organization formed during World War I in response to the genocide of Greeks in the Ottoman Empire. -
Letter Reso 1..3
*LRB09514329KXB40225r* HR0815 LRB095 14329 KXB 40225 r 1 HOUSE RESOLUTION 2 WHEREAS, The members of the Illinois House of 3 Representatives are pleased to congratulate the Sisters of the 4 Resurrection in Chicago on the beatification of their 5 foundress, Mother Celine Borzecka; and 6 WHEREAS, The Sisters of the Resurrection, with provincial 7 headquarters at 7432 W. Talcott Ave., Chicago, have announced 8 the beatification of their foundress, Mother Celine Borzecka 9 (1833-1913), took place on Saturday, October 27, 2007, in the 10 Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome, Italy; and 11 WHEREAS, Beatification is the third phase in the four-phase 12 process of canonization, the final step to a person being 13 declared and recognized as a saint in the Roman Catholic 14 Church; before being proclaimed "Blessed," there is a formal 15 investigation into the faithful and exemplary life led by the 16 person; a miracle must be proven to have taken place through 17 the intercession of the person to be beatified; and 18 WHEREAS, A fifth generation descendent of Mother Celine was 19 healed from a subdural hematoma and other complications after 20 being prayed for through the intercession of Mother Celine; the 21 Catholic Church's Medical Commission declared in 2005 that the 22 recovery could not be explained as a natural healing process -2-HR0815LRB095 14329 KXB 40225 r 1 and the miracle was approved by the Congregation for the Causes 2 of Saints; and 3 WHEREAS, After Mother Celine Borzecka was widowed, she and 4 her younger daughter, Hedwig, began