Les Ponts Romains
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STONE ARCH BRIDGES: AN UNDERUTILIZED TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN UNITED STATES by Nicholas R. DiNardo A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Civil Engineering 2019 Summer © 2019 Nicholas R. DiNardo All Rights Reserved STONE ARCH BRIDGES: AN UNDERUTILIZED TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN UNITED STATES by Nicholas R. DiNardo Approved: __________________________________________________________ Michael J. Chajes, Ph.D. Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the Advisory Committee Approved: __________________________________________________________ Sue McNeil, Ph.D, Chair of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Levi T. Thompson, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Douglas J. Doren, Ph.D. Interim Vice Provost for Graduate & Professional Education and Dean of the Graduate College ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to take the time to thank all of my friends and family. Without their support, this paper may not have made it to the table or screen in front of you. Who are we without the ones we love? I’d also like to thank all of the professionals in the field whom I contacted for information, the many researches whose work I cited, and especially all the great professors at the University of Delaware who have taught and guided me to the finish line. Special shout-out to Dr. Chajes for believing in me and helping me throughout my graduate career. Finally, there is one more person I’d like to thank. Thank you, David, for being one of the greatest friends that I have ever had. -
Map 15 Arelate-Massalia Compiled by S
Map 15 Arelate-Massalia Compiled by S. Loseby, 1995 Introduction Map 15 Arelate–Massalia Map 16 Colonia Forum Iulii–Albingaunum All the French départements covered here were treated in the CAGR series, beginning with its first volume, Alpes-Maritimes, in 1931. Its successor CAG is far more comprehensive, although unfortunately both maps were compiled before publication of the relevant volumes. Some references to them are incorporated in the Directories, however. Provence and Languedoc have in recent years been among the most dynamic regions of France in archaeological terms. As well as the periodic entries in Gallia Informations, the archaeology of the region sustains a series of journals, notably the Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise, Documents d’Archéologie Méridionale, Bulletin d’Archéologie de Provence, Archéologie en Languedoc,andRevue des Etudes Ligures/Rivista di Studi Liguri.A comprehensive, up-to-date overview of the ancient history and archaeology of the region is lacking (Rivet 1988 is the best single work available); Bromwich (1993) at least provides a basic guide to the principal Greek and Roman remains. Of the numerous sites known exclusively from archaeology, only those significant enough to have attracted at least an article-length study are marked. The whole span from early Greek engagement with the region (c. 600 B.C.) is covered, up until c. A.D. 500; locations mentioned only in works associated with Caesarius of Arles are therefore excluded. From Cap Couronne eastwards (see La Couronne, Map 15 E3), the Provençal coastline appears to be little altered since antiquity, while on the western side of Map 15 the evolution of the shores of Languedoc has largely been gradual and minor–involving the shifting and consolidation of the sandbars which now separate the coastal étangs (lagoons) from the sea, but which seem to have been less developed in antiquity. -
Roman Building 518
Roman building 518 583 Detail of a lead pipe supplying the baths of Julia Felix at Pompeii. The lengthways soldering can be seen, which seals the cylinder made of a rolled-up sheet of lead, and the circular soldering (left) which bonded it to the next pipe. 584 Just like ceramic products, lead pipes, particularly those with a large diameter, could be given a stamp indicating the monument they were intended for, the owner, the Civil engineering 519 manufacturer and, in the case of the aqueducts of Rome, the name of the emperor: Imp(eratoris) 585 Two sections of lead pipes with a large diameter, in the Museo Nazionale delle Terme in Rome. Two of them are complete and have preserved a part of the soldered rim connecting them to their neighbours. Length: 2.6m; vertical diameter: 25cm; horizontal diameter: 22cm. From Castel Porziano. 586 Stamp of Marcus Aurelius (139– 61) on a pipe. Roman building 520 587 Pipes made of terracotta tubes jointed and sealed with lime mortar at Ephesus. Caes(aris) Traj(ani) Hadriani Aug(usti) sub cura Petronii Surae proc(uratoris); Martialis ser(vus) fe(cit).60 It is curious to see here, running contrary to the segregation of slavery, that equality was re-established in a manufacturing mark which brought together the name of the all-powerful emperor, that of the aedile and that of the slave- manufacturer of the product. Lead pipes of the urban water system at Pompeii were more simple and carried a mark showing where they belonged: (usibis) publ(icis) Pompe(ianorum). -
Le Patrimoine En Pays De Lunel
patrimoine 4 Le musée médard 5 Le musée 7 Le site archéoLogique 8 ViaVino de La tour des Prisons d’ambrussum Le musée Médard à Lunel est un lieu dédié au Le pôle oenotouristique Viavino à St Christol, er livre, à l’histoire de ses collections et aux arts En poussant la porte de l’Office de Tourisme Plongez au I siècle de l’histoire, à la à l’architecture éco-responsable, vous et métiers liés au patrimoine écrit. du Pays de Lunel, vous pourrez désormais découverte de la civisation gallo-romaine propose de découvrir l’univers du vin de gravir les marches de cette ancienne et visitez le musée de site et les vestiges façon ludique : histoire du territoire et de ses tour seigneuriale devenue prison pendant archéologiques lors d’une balade au parfum vignerons, culture de la vigne, dégustations les guerres de religion. de garrigue ! par une oenologue sommelière, animations et La visite se fait avec une lampe torche, soirées au théâtre de verdure ! accessoire qui permet de jouer avec la appréciez une architecture durable où Le patrimoine lumière rasante pour bien observer les transparence et matériaux expriment, avec graffitis. plus de 300 inscriptions ont été beauté et sobriété, l’identité d’un lieu dédié à en Pays de Lunel découvertes sur les murs, le sol et les l’oenotourisme… menuiseries, témoignages émouvants de la promenez-vous au milieu de notes olfactives, souffrance des détenus : « offre moi le arômes floraux, fruités ou épicés. Découvrez la repos », « selui qui paserat ici et que sortirat culture de la bouvine et ses traditions, dégustez libre irat chez madame le pordel lui donne le bonjour de achille » font partie des nombreux messages qui cohabitent avec les dessins de croix, d’ostensoirs, de blasons, de Constituées autour de l’exceptionnel cabinet traversé par la plus ancienne route construite à du bibliophile Louis médard, les collections cœurs, ou de soleil gravés par les prisonniers jusqu’en 1917. -
VERONA Surrounding Area VERONA Surrounding Area
Consorzio di Promozione e Commercializzazione Turistica VERONAVERONAand the surroundingsurroundingand the areaarea A guide to the city and Province of Verona TRAVEL DISTANCE BY Legend: MOTORWAY FROM VERONA TO: Trento km. 103 Fair Bolzano km. 157 Airport Vicenza km. 51 Venice km. 114 Lake Garda Brescia km. 68 Lessinia Milan km. 161 Bologna km. 142 Veronese Plain Florence km. 230 Soave Rome km. 460 Valpolicella Verona AFFI VERONA and the surrounding area A guide to the city and Province of Verona Verona Tuttintorno is proud to present the new edition of "Verona and the Surrounding Area - A Guide to the City and Province of Verona". The publication provides a general overview of the area's riches, and describes 30 fascinating itineraries to explore. The guide represents a collaborative effort between the Consortium and its members: travel agencies, hoteliers, restaurant owners, wineries, the Wine Road association, local government, transportation agencies, and tourist-sector service providers of every kind. The included itineraries offer a myriad of possibilities for enjoying the area's cultural riches, its nearby mountains, lake, and plain, getting and its world-famous enogastronomic traditions. Verona Tuttintorno, a consortium of businesses dedicated to promoting local tourism and the cultural, environmental, and enogastronomic to Verona patrimony of the City and Province of Verona, also offers up-to-date information and itinerary planning assistance for those wishing to make Verona and the surrounding area their next vacation destination. BY CAR BY TRAIN BY PLANE Enjoy Verona and the surrounding area!!! The A4 Motorway crosses the province Verona is served by the main train line The Valerio Catullo Airport, situated in of Verona from east to west. -
L'aqueduc Romain De Nîmes Et Le Pont Du Gard
MEMENTO L’aqueduc romain de Nîmes et le Pont du Gard Les Techniques de construction romaines Fiches de préparation enseignant LES FONCTIONS DE L’AQUEDUC Fonctions utilitaires I Alimenter en eau la ville de Nîmes, notamment les thermes et fontaines publiques I Assainir la ville : drainer le réseau d'égouts I Lutter contre l'incendie à Nîmes I Accroître les ressources en eau pour l'artisanat urbain en particulier les blanchisseries Fonctions symboliques I Valeur symbolique de l'eau, aqueduc synonyme de prestige, d'accession aux modes de vie "à la romaine" LES REPERES CHRONOLOGIQUES Date de construction I Vers 50 après J.C, pendant l'occupation romaine sous le règne de l'Empereur Claude Fonctionnement On distingue trois phases : I Une période de réglage (15 premières années environ) I Une période de fonctionnement optimale de 140 ans environ (l'analyse des dépôts calcaires accumulés sur les parois de la canalisation indiquent la dégradation de la qualité des eaux transitées) I Une période d'abandon progressif au cours du IIIème siècle avec piquages d'eau par les paysans (se rapporter aux gros amas de concrétions calcaires formés à l'extérieur du canal au niveau des dérivations en bois installées par les riverains) Deuxième vie de l’aqueduc I Abandon : au début du VIème siècle I Moyen âge : remplois des pierres de l'aqueduc dans les églises et constructions des villages environnants I Début du XVIIe (voire fin du XVIe) jusqu'au XXe siècle : traces du passage des Compagnons du Tour de France qui laissent les marques de leur venue sur le Pont -
Erleben Sie Die Wege Der Geschichte Im Languedoc-Roussillon
Sud de France Historische Routen im Languedoc-Roussillon Erleben Sie die Wege der Geschichte im Languedoc-Roussillon DIE VIA DOMITIA DER CANAL DU MIDI JAKOBSWEGE Die Genialität Ewiges Schauspiel am Heilige der Römer Wasserlauf Pfade Aumont Aubrac Saint-Alban sur Limagnole Javols Nasbinals Mende Lanuéjols VIA DOMITIA Banassac Sehenswürdigkeit JAKOBSWEG Chemin du Puy Alès Chemin d’Arles Chemin du Piémont pyrénéen Villeneuve les Avignon TEILE DES CANAL DU MIDI Pont du Gard Canal du Midi Nîmes Beaucaire Nages et Solorgues Canal de la Robine Saint-Michel de Grandmont Saint-Guilhem le Désert Canal du Rhône à Sète Lodève Saint-Gilles Lunel Montpellier Murviel les Montpellier Lattes Béziers Les 9 écluses de Fonséranes Le pont-canal sur l'Orb Valmagne Villeneuve Montferrand Villa Loupian Nissan lez lès Maguelone Le seuil de Naurouze Homps Ensérune Aigues Mortes Ancien Le tunnel du Malpas Sète La Cité carrefour Béziers Villelongue commercial Foncaude Saint-Papoul Caunes Minervois Agde Amphoralis Écluse ronde Castelnaudary Carcassonne Ensérune Musée La Cité de l'Ephèbe Fanjeaux Narbonne Fontfroide Lagrasse Saint-Hilaire Sigean Perpignan Cabestany Marcevol Ille sur Têt 0 10 50 km Elne N Saint-Michel de Cuxa Serrabonne Saint-Genis des Fontaines Saint-Martin du Canigou Les Cluses Arles sur Tech Font Romeu EDITO rleben Sie die Wege der Geschichte im Languedoc-Roussillon. Als ewiger Kreuzungspunkt zwischen Mittelmeer und Atlantik, zwischen der iberischen und der italienischen Halbinsel und dem nördlichen Europa wird das Languedoc-Roussillon von großen historischen Wegen durchzogen, an denen sich Menschen angesiedelt und Gesellschaften entwickelt haben. Die Via Domitia, die Jakobswege und E der Canal du Midi bilden das Gerüst dieser Region mit ihrem reichen geschichtlichen und kulturellen Erbe. -
PAMÁTKOVÉHO SBORU Hll\V. MĚSTA PRAHY
- 80- 1353 a 1361 mezi konšely Starého Města a byl také držitelem r. 1361 domu za sv. Mikulášem v Zlaté ulici (č. 30). Jiný z příbuzenstva, Prokop (1364-1382), měl v držení od r. 1364 mimo jiné dvůr řečený Stenhof (Steinhof?), o němž dí Tomek (str. 457) »polohy nám neznámé«. PRAVY Máme tedy.u Benešovských jisté vztahy ku kostelu sv. Mikuláše a jeho. okolí. Erb s břevnem na děleném poli má Jan zvaný Železný, biskup litomyšlský, na PAMÁTKOVÉHO SBORU HLl\V. MĚSTA své biskupské pečeti z r. 1413 (Nejedlý; Dějiny města Litomyšle, Tab.), a erb ten nachází se při jeho osobě v Richentálově kronice koncilu kostnického. V tištěném vydání z r. 1483 jest kombinován se znakem biskupství litomyšlského (kříž zlatý PRAHY v černém poli). Znak označen jménem Dns Johannes episcopus liidinschionensis in Moravia (!). V kolorovaném exempláři universitní knihovny (XLE 24) jest břevno modré v bílém a černém poli j leč. tyto pigmenty nemusejí býti správny. Rovněž RAPPORTS DE LA COMM/SS/ON v Richentálovi vyobrazen znak Jana arcibiskupa Ostřihomského (Herr Johannes erzbischoff strigenensis nennt man von Oranen in Ungern) - křídlo s pazourem. POUR LA SAUVEGARDE DES MONUMENTS . Úloha, jakou hrál biskup Jan Železný. na koncilu kostnickém ave válkách husitských, jest s dostatek známá. Narodil se v Praze; dle mínění Sedláčkova po~ DE LA V/LLE DE PRAGUE. cházel, jak uvedeno, z rodu Beneschauerů j r. 1392 stal se biskupem litomyšlským, r. 1416 jmenován administratorem arcibiskupství Olomouckého a za válek husitských působí hlavně na Moravě. (tím. by vysvětlil se omyl u Richentála) a zdržuje se při POŘÁDAJÍ dvoře Sigmundově. Zemřel 9. -
Saturargues /// Saussines /// Vérargues Commune Entre-Vignes /// Villetelle # 145 /// Décembre 2019
# 145 /// DÉCEMBRE 2019 MENSUEL D'INFORMATION DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ DE COMMUNES DÉVELOPPEMENT ÉCONOMIQUE TRANSPORTS ENVIRONNEMENT Un nouveau trophée On fait le point Chaudière à 1 € pour les moins de 50 salariés sur les travaux du PEM affaire ou arnaque P. 5 P. 7 P. 9 Programme COMPLET P14-15 Boisseron /// Campagne /// Galargues /// Garrigues /// Lunel /// Lunel-Viel /// Marsillargues Saint-Christol commune Entre-Vignes /// Saint-Just /// St-Nazaire De Pézan /// Saint-Sériès www.paysdelunel.fr Saturargues /// Saussines /// Vérargues commune Entre-Vignes /// Villetelle # 145 /// Décembre 2019 Les échos du conseil de Communauté > Soutien aux victimes des inondations de l’Hérault • La construction de la nouvelle déchèterie de Villetelle, À la suite de l’épisode méditerranéen qui a frappé le • La création de la nouvelle voie verte Lunel-Marsillargues. département de l’Hérault au cours des 22 et 23 octobre … tout en continuant à maîtriser la pression fiscale. derniers, il a été proposé au conseil communautaire d'apporter Ces orientations budgétaires ont fait l’objet d’une présentation un soutien aux sinistrés en votant une contribution de 2 000 €. et d’un débat en conseil et serviront de base à l’élaboration du Cette aide d’urgence sera versée à l'Association des Maires Budget Primitif 2020 qui sera présentés dans le Mag de janvier, de l’Hérault (AMF34). après le vote du budget. > Installation de nouveaux conseillers communautaires > Lancement d’un Plan Global de Déplacements Suite à la démission de conseillers municipaux de la Ville de Le défi de la mobilité est dans l’esprit de tous les élus locaux et Lunel, 8 sièges de conseillers communautaires sont devenus occupe une place centrale dans le champ des préoccupations vacants. -
Il Rinvenimento Del Ponte Postumio Nel 1891. Contributo Alla Ricerca Archivistica Delle Fonti Archeologiche (*)
ANDREA BRUGNOLI IL RINVENIMENTO DEL PONTE POSTUMIO NEL 1891. CONTRIBUTO ALLA RICERCA ARCHIVISTICA DELLE FONTI ARCHEOLOGICHE (*) ABSTRACT - Following a major flood in 1882 the course of the river Adige through Verona was altered by a flood prevention scheme which involved backfilling secondary channels and the construction of large stone embankments. During this project a number of archaeological discoveries were made, including evidence of a Roman bridge (the Postumio), which crossed the Adige at the northern end of the principle Roman road through the town (the decumano massimo). The planning department of Verona City Council produced accurate documentation of these findings including a number of drawings with appropriate levels, and a written report on the discovery of foundations and other elements of the Postumio. Most of this information has remained unpub- lished, and can now be reviewed and reconsidered as part of the present discussion of the Postumio’s structure and location. KEY WORDS - Roman Period, Verona, Postumio bridge. RIASSUNTO - In seguito all’alluvione del 1882 il tracciato dell’Adige all’interno di Verona venne ridefinito con l’interramento dei tratti secondari e la costruzione dei muraglioni. Questi interventi furono l’occasione di importanti scoperte archeologiche, tra cui il rinvenimento delle tracce del cosiddetto ponte Postumio, che attraversava l’Adige in prosecuzione del decumano massimo. L’ufficio tecnico del Comune di Vero- na produsse un’accurata documentazione che rimase sostanzialmente inedita. Alcuni disegni e una relazione relativa al ritrovamento delle fondazioni e di alcuni elementi del ponte Postumio, inviati alla Commissione Consultiva di Belle Arti e Antichità, sono tuttora conservati presso l’Archivio di Stato di Verona. -
Provence‐Cycling.Com, Surf for Pedal Power P
Page | 2 Leaving Mount Ventoux to the more athletic visitors, the Vaucluse saves its small country roads for families and nature lovers in search of discoveries. A real policy for developing cycling has been set up in this Provencal region. No fewer than 3 cycle paths and 35 routes are offered throughout the region. Contents Managed by local networks, over 242 professionals (hotels, guest houses, campsites, wine merchants, I. Map and access p. 3 restaurants, bike hire companies, etc.) belonging to II. Ventoux, an icon for competitive cyclists p. 6 the “Accueil vélo” (“Welcome Cyclists”) charter line the routes and offer specialist services for cycle III. A calendar for cycling buffs p. 8 tourists. IV. The Vaucluse, the ultimate cycling region p. 10 V. Cycle paths, cycling in peace p. 11 VI. 1550 kilometres of sign‐posted circuits p. 14 Looking for information or contacts? Missing a photo? Want to come to the Vaucluse? VII. A network of 242 approved “Welcome cyclists” partners p. 24 Vaucluse Tourism VIII. Cycling excursions and original ideas p. 26 Communication & Media Department Your contacts: IX. Independent travel or package holidays p. 29 Valérie Biset ‐ Manager X. www.provence‐cycling.com, surf for pedal power p. 34 valerie‐[email protected] XI. Useful contacts p. 35 T. +33(0)4 90 80 47 06 Valérie Gillet v‐[email protected] T. +33(0)4 90 80 47 08 Daniela Damiani The photos featured in this press pack are copyright‐ d‐[email protected] free (except when occasionally specified otherwise) T. +33(0)4 90 80 47 07 Teresa Storm storm‐[email protected] T. -
Download E-Guide
Discover VERONA BY THE LOCALS Top 10 THINGS TO DO 1 ARENA & DETAILS Arena Amphitheatre, opening times: Tuesday-Sunday 8.30 am - 7.30 pm Monday 8.30 am - 7.30 pm (only June, July and September) PIAZZA BRA’ Ticket € 10,00 Opera Lyric Festival: starting at 9.00 pm only during summer (late June to late August) veryone knows about Colosseum in Rome, but he origin of the name of this square comes from E how many people know about Arena in Verona? Tthe Longobards’ word ‘braida’, which means ‘large’. This Roman theatre is still used, nowadays, for many Even if nowadays this is a very central place, in the performances and shows. With a circular shape this past it was mainly used for building works. On the Amphitheatre was originally composed by three rings; west side of the square there is the famous ‘Liston’, nowadays only one remained, and from the external which is represented by ‘700 Palaces with expensive circle just the ‘Ala’ (wing) is the original piece left; in restaurants or bars located under the arcades. This the following centuries the theatre has been renewed area became used as a square only from 1600 when many times due to maintenance. on the southern side Teatro Filarmonico was built, which is the closest indoor theatre of the area, located uring the Romans domination this monument just next to the big clock walls of Corso Porta Nuova. Dwas setting for games, ship battles and gladiators During winter this theatre hosts many classical music fights; in modern times, instead, the main purpose concerts, while Arena is setting for music shows, but became the Opera Lirica, which is set almost every not for the Opera.