A Interpretação De Uma Estrofe Da Canção “Breathe

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A Interpretação De Uma Estrofe Da Canção “Breathe 1 A INTERPRETAÇÃO DE UMA ESTROFE DA CANÇÃO “BREATHE”, DO U2, COMO UMA EXPERIÊNCIA RELIGIOSA E EM BREVE DIREÇÃO À DOUTRINA ESPÍRITA THE INTERPRETATION OF A VERSE OF THE SONG “BREATHE”, U2, LIKE A RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE AND SOON TOWARDS THE SPIRITIST DOCTRINE Rogério Duarte Fernandes dos Passos1 Resumo: O trabalho objetiva considerar uma das estrofes da canção “Breathe”, do grupo de rock irlandês U2, e, superando o mero deleite e o comumente visível na cena pop musical, proceder a uma análise e interpretação consoante à da Doutrina Espírita, especialmente, em um de seus fundamentos básicos, justamente a reencarnação. Palavras-chave: U2, canção “Breathe”, cultura pop e religiosa, Doutrina Espírita, interpretação de música, rock Abstract: The study aims to consider one of the stanzas of the song “Breathe”, from the Irish rock group U2, and, overcoming the simple delight and the commonly visible in the music pop scene, make out an analysis and interpretation according to the Spiritist doctrine, especially in one of its fundamentals: the reincarnation. Keywords: U2, song “Breathe”, pop and religious culture, Spiritism, music interpretation, rock INTRODUÇÃO Objetiva-se com o presente texto trazer a interpretação de uma estrofe da canção “Breathe”, do grupo de rock irlandês U2, acrescentando uma análise não tradicional ou eurocêntica, de forma a alcançar a ótica e os fundamentos da Doutrina Espírita – ou o Espiritismo, e/ ou mesmo, simplesmente, Doutrina –, dentre eles, notadamente a reencarnação. Para tanto, resgataremos brevemente a história da trajetória musical e pessoal dos integrantes da banda, bem como os elementos principais da Doutrina Espírita e a própria canção citada em análise, culminando na conclusão que a mesma possui referenciais aptos à permissão da leitura sugerida no artigo, e mesmo, de outras não triviais ao universo corriqueiro da indústria do entretenimento. 1 Mestre em Direito Internacional pela Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP). Doutor em Educação pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Docente em escolas técnicas do Centro Estadual de Educação Tecnológica Paula Souza (CEETEPS), em Hortolândia e Campinas, no Estado de São Paulo. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 1. UMA BREVE TRAJETÓRIA DO U2 COM ÊNFASE NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS: RISCOS, ÊXITOS E, FINALMENTE, AS VISITAS AO BRASIL Não é tarefa simples reconstruir a trajetória do U2, uma das mais importantes bandas de rock da história da música e os artistas de maior projeção popular irlandesa em todos os tempos, no que atentar-nos-emos, sobretudo, aos seus anos iniciais, assim tomando o período que se localiza entre o surgimento do grupo, em 1976, até à consolidação definitiva no mercado norte-americano e mundial, consubstanciada no álbum “The Joshua Tree”, lançado no ano de 1987. Outrossim, como dito, o marco inicial do grupo remonta ao ano de 1976 – período na história da banda conhecido como “early years” –, quando alunos da “Mount Temple Comprehensive School”, na Malahide Road, em Clontarf, Dublin, Irlanda, responderam a um anúncio do baterista Lawrence Joseph Mullen Junior para a formação de uma banda. Naquele cenário pós-punk, dos jovens que compareceram para o primeiro e caótico ensaio na cozinha da casa do fundador, restaram o próprio Lawrence – adquirindo o nome artístico “Larry Mullen Junior” –, Paul David Hewson –, vocalista, assumindo o nome artístico de Bono (sendo que no começo de carreira ficou conhecido também como “Bono Vox”) –, David Howell Evans – nome artístico “The Edge”, o guitarrista –, e Adam Charles Clayton – nome artístico “Adam Clayton”, o contrabaixista –, que conseguiu entrar no grupo especialmente por possuir um instrumento. Os músicos ainda detinham uma formação musical precária e faziam “covers” de outras bandas até alcançar a coesão necessária para sustentar a convicção da arriscada, incerta e difícil carreira musical do universo pop rock, em especial para artistas que gravam na Língua Inglesa e que são oriundos de um país então periférico neste cenário. 3 Figura 1. O U2 no palco em seus primeiros anos de carreira (na história da banda, os chamados “early years”). Fonte: U2BR (2018). Disponível em <http://u2br.com/u2br-entrevista-brian-boyd/>. Acesso 25 Dez. 2018. Após os provisórios nomes de “Feedback”, entre 1976 e 1977, e “The Hype”, entre 1977 e 1978, surge a denominação “U2” – nome do famoso avião de espionagem norte- americano abatido sobre a União das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas em 1960 ou mesmo um possível trocadilho com a expressão “you too” (você também, em inglês) –, com Bono assumindo a liderança do grupo com entusiasmo e personalidade, ainda que toda a banda engajasse-se no seu aperfeiçoamento técnico-criativo e igualmente pela busca por oportunidades de divulgação de suas canções na mídia e à possíveis gravadoras. Desse período é curiosa (e famosa) uma carta assinada pelo executivo Alexander Sinclair, em 10 de Maio de 1979 à frente da gravadora “RSO Records Limited”, de Londres. Nela, em resposta a Bono – à época ainda residindo na casa de seu pai, localizada no notório (e agora turístico) endereço da Cedarwood Road, nº 10 (na correspondência provavelmente datilografada de forma equivocada como “Cobewood Road”), em Dublin –, ele gentilmente recusa o pedido de gravação de um álbum, ainda que tivesse ouvido a fita cassete com o material do U2 (FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO, 2014). 4 Figura 2. Carta de resposta do executivo Alexander Sinclair rejeitando a proposta do U2 para a gravação de um álbum no ano de 1979. Fonte: FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO (2014). Disponível em <https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/ilustrada/2014/03/1422401-carta-em-que-gravadora-recusa-u2-e-colocada-na- internet.shtml>. Acesso 25 Dez. 2018. Nesse ínterim inicial, o U2 entregava-se ao palco de forma visceral, com performances muito intensas – inclusive com Bono jogando-se sobre a plateia –, em exemplo do que se deduz da audição do disco “Another Time, Another Place: Live at the Marquee London”, rara e incompleta gravação de 29 de Setembro de 1980 (e cujo original formato físico em vinil encontra-se restrito a colecionadores e assinantes do “site” oficial do grupo), obtida no “The Marquee Club”, lendária casa de música que existiu na capital inglesa entre 1958 e 2008. Os shows prosseguiam também em turnês pela Europa feitas em vans velhas, cujas viagens eram pausadas pelo descanso em surrados sacos de dormir (PASSOS, 2017a, p. 181). Ao lado da divulgação europeia, a popularidade na terra natal era crescente, a ponto do U2, mesmo sem um álbum de estúdio gravado, registrar em apresentação no estádio nacional de Dublin um público de cerca de duas mil pessoas, igualmente revelando a proximidade dos 5 fãs com os integrantes da banda no momento em que mais de trinta pessoas da plateia sobem ao palco para com eles dançar, expondo o grupo ao interesse de produtores musicais (U2. A BIOGRAFIA ILUSTRADA, 2013, p. 26). Com a ajuda dos familiares, a deambulação pelo êxito global não se revelou longa, uma vez que a gravação do primeiro álbum, “Boy”, também ocorre já em 1980, disparando a escalada crescente – com significativa participação a partir de 1978 do empresário Paul McGuinness, que ficou com o grupo até 2013, quando, então, vendeu sua participação nos negócios da banda e foi substituído por Guy Oseary –, em que capítulos de destaque podem ser mencionados em álbuns como “War”, de 1983 – sublinhado pelo período da Guerra Fria (1945-1991) –, “The Unforgettable Fire”, de 1984 – inaugurando novas sonoridades, o tema dos direitos humanos e a contemplação da natureza –, “The Joshua Tree”, de 1987 – celebrando a experiência existencial com a música popular norte-americana –, e “Achtung Baby”, de 1991, este último parcialmente gravado no icônico “Hansa Studios”, de Berlim, apropriando-se da profusão de reunificação alemã (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) e da redefinição geopolítica mundial, simbolizada pela queda do Muro de Berlim a partir de 09 de Novembro de 1989. Porém, a trajetória do U2 não foi construída sem a assunção de riscos, no que o projeto de internacionalização da banda apostou quase que exclusivamente no aspecto performático do grupo, como se viu no show “Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood-Red Sky” – gravado em 05 de Junho de 1983 no expressivo “Red Rocks Amphitheatre”, em Morrison, localidade próxima a Denver, capital do Colorado, nos Estados Unidos da América. Na ocasião, em data da turnê do álbum “War”, embora com intensa chuva e lotação incompleta, Bono, The Edge, Larry Mullen Junior e Adam Clayton, cientes do imenso volume de recursos investidos na empreitada – que contaria com a direção de Gavin Taylor (1942-2013) e produção de Jimmy Iovine –, decidiram ir adiante com o evento, notabilizando-o com um dos grandes momentos do rock na década de 1980, a ponto do magazine “Rolling Stone”, publicação especializada em música e cultura pop, incluí-lo no rol dos cinquenta épicos e maiores álbuns gravados ao vivo em todos os tempos (MENCONI, 2015), tendo a apresentação da canção “Sunday Bloody Sunday” – na qual Bono se destaca por pendurar-se em equipamentos de som e fincar junto ao público uma bandeira branca, enunciando um libelo pacifista – como uma das imagens icônicas da união entre música, religiosidade, política e direitos humanos que afirmaram o grupo daí em diante. Por sinal, nesse período, sem receio de investir nas letras temas políticos e religiosos, ao modo de “New Year’s Day”, reconhecida pelo “riff” de contrabaixo – em grande 6 desenvoltura de Adam Clayton – e piano, “Sunday Bloody Sunday” torna-se marcante pela introdução assinalada por uma bateria de compasso militar – em originalíssima contribuição de Larry Mullen Junior – que a faz notória em todas as apresentações da banda, trazendo referência ao domingo de 30 de Janeiro de 1972 no qual, no bojo do conflito religioso que marcou a história da Irlanda e Irlanda do Norte, em um protesto pacífico na cidade norte- irlandesa de Derry (conhecida também como Londonderry), soldados britânicos reprimiram os ativistas e alvejaram manifestantes católicos, deixando quatorze mortos e vinte e seis feridos.
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