Reallocating Innovative Resources Around Growth Bottlenecks
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The Video Game Industry an Industry Analysis, from a VC Perspective
The Video Game Industry An Industry Analysis, from a VC Perspective Nik Shah T’05 MBA Fellows Project March 11, 2005 Hanover, NH The Video Game Industry An Industry Analysis, from a VC Perspective Authors: Nik Shah • The video game industry is poised for significant growth, but [email protected] many sectors have already matured. Video games are a large and Tuck Class of 2005 growing market. However, within it, there are only selected portions that contain venture capital investment opportunities. Our analysis Charles Haigh [email protected] highlights these sectors, which are interesting for reasons including Tuck Class of 2005 significant technological change, high growth rates, new product development and lack of a clear market leader. • The opportunity lies in non-core products and services. We believe that the core hardware and game software markets are fairly mature and require intensive capital investment and strong technology knowledge for success. The best markets for investment are those that provide valuable new products and services to game developers, publishers and gamers themselves. These are the areas that will build out the industry as it undergoes significant growth. A Quick Snapshot of Our Identified Areas of Interest • Online Games and Platforms. Few online games have historically been venture funded and most are subject to the same “hit or miss” market adoption as console games, but as this segment grows, an opportunity for leading technology publishers and platforms will emerge. New developers will use these technologies to enable the faster and cheaper production of online games. The developers of new online games also present an opportunity as new methods of gameplay and game genres are explored. -
Inside the Computer Microcomputer Minicomputer Mainframe
Inside the computer Microcomputer Classification of Systems: • Personal Computer / Workstation. – Microcomputer • Desktop machine, including portables. – Minicomputer • Used for small, individual tasks - such as – Mainframe simple desktop publishing, small business – Supercomputer accounting, etc.... • Typical cost : £500 to £5000. • Chapters 1-5 in Capron • Example : The PCs in the labs are microcomputers. Minicomputer Mainframe • Medium sized server • Large server / Large Business applications • Desk to fridge sized machine. • Large machines in purpose built rooms. • Used for distributed data processing and • Used as large servers and for intensive multi-user server support. business applications. • Typical cost : £5,000 to £500,000. • Typical cost : £500,000 to £10,000,000. • Example : Scarlet is a minicomputer. • Example : IBM ES/9000, IBM 370, IBM 390. Supercomputer • Scientific applications • Large machines. • Typically employ parallel architecture (multiple processors running together). • Used for VERY numerically intensive jobs. • Typical cost : £5,000,000 to £25,000,000. • Example : Cray supercomputer 1 What's in a Computer System? Software • The Onion Model - layers. • Divided into two main areas • Hardware • Operating system • BIOS • Used to control the hardware and to provide an interface between the user and the hardware. • Software • Manages resources in the machine, like • Where does the operating system come in? • Memory • Disk drives • Applications • includes games, word-processors, databases, etc.... Interfaces Hardware • The chunky stuff! •CUI • If you can touch it... it's probably hardware! • Command Line Interface • The mother board. •GUI • If we have motherboards... surely there must be • Graphical User Interface fatherboards? right? •WIMP • What about sonboards, or daughterboards?! • Windows, Icons, Mouse, Pulldown menus • Hard disk drives • Monitors • Keyboards BIOS Basics • Basic Input Output System • Directly controls hardware devices like UARTS (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) - Used in COM ports. -
Microcomputers: NQS PUBLICATIONS Introduction to Features and Uses
of Commerce Computer Science National Bureau and Technology of Standards NBS Special Publication 500-110 Microcomputers: NQS PUBLICATIONS Introduction to Features and Uses QO IGf) .U57 500-110 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act ot Congress on March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides; (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau's technical work is per- formed by the National Measurement Laboratory, the National Engineering Laboratory, and the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology. THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY provides the national system of physical and chemical and materials measurement; coordinates the system with measurement systems of other nations and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform physical and chemical measurement throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce; conducts materials research leading to improved methods of measurement, standards, and data on the properties of materials needed by industry, commerce, educational institutions, and Government; provides advisory and research services to other Government agencies; develops, produces, and -
Estimating Surplus in the Computing Market
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: The Economics of New Goods Volume Author/Editor: Timothy F. Bresnahan and Robert J. Gordon, editors Volume Publisher: University of Chicago Press Volume ISBN: 0-226-07415-3 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/bres96-1 Publication Date: January 1996 Chapter Title: From Superminis to Supercomputers: Estimating Surplus in the Computing Market Chapter Author: Shane M. Greenstein Chapter URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c6071 Chapter pages in book: (p. 329 - 372) 8 From Superminis to Supercomputers: Estimating Surplus in the Computing Market Shane M. Greenstein 8.1 Introduction Innovation is rampant in adolescent industries. Old products die or evolve and new products replace them. Each new generation of products offers new features, extends the range of existing features, or lowers the cost of obtaining old features. Vendors imitate one another’s products, so that what had been a novelty becomes a standard feature in all subsequent generations. Depending on the competitive environment and the type of innovation, prices may or may not reflect design changes. The computer industry of the late 1960s and 1970s experienced remarkable growth and learning. At the start of the period several technological uncertain- ties defied easy resolution. Most knowledgeable observers could predict the direction of technical change, but not its rate. Vendors marketed hundreds of new product designs throughout the 1970s, and a fraction of those products became commercially successful. In time the industry took on a certain matu- rity and predictability. By the late 1970s, both buyers and sellers understood the technical trajectory of the industry’s products. -
2 CLASSIFICATION of COMPUTERS.Pdf
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS Computers can be classified in the following methods: I . Computational Method I. Size and Capability I. Classification based on Computational method: Based on the way a system performs the computations, a computer can be classified as follows: • Digital • Analog • Hybrid Digital computer: A digital computer can count and accept numbers and letters through various input devices. The input devices convert the data into electronic pulses, and perform arithmetical operations on numbers in discrete form. In addition to performing arithmetical operations, they are also capable of:- 1. Storing data for processing 2. Performing logical operations 3. Editing or deleting the input data. One of the main advantages in the use of digital computers is that any desired level of accuracy can be achieved by considering as many places of decimal as are necessary and hence are most suitable for business application. The main disadvantage is their high cost, even after regular reductions in price and the complexity in programming. Example: To calculate the distance travelled by a car in a particular time interval, you might take the diameter of the tyre to calculate the periphery, take into consideration the number of revolutions of the wheel per minute, take the time in minutes and multiply them all to get the distance moved. This is called digital calculation. A computer using the principle of digital calculations can be called a digital computer. Analog Computer: Analog computers process data input in a continuous form. Data such as voltage, resistance or temperature are represented in the computer as a continuous, unbroken flow of information, as in engineering and scientific applications, where quantities to be processed exists as waveforms or continually rising and falling voltages, pressure and so on. -
Digital and System Design
Digital System Design — Use of Microcontroller RIVER PUBLISHERS SERIES IN SIGNAL, IMAGE & SPEECH PROCESSING Volume 2 Consulting Series Editors Prof. Shinsuke Hara Osaka City University Japan The Field of Interest are the theory and application of filtering, coding, trans- mitting, estimating, detecting, analyzing, recognizing, synthesizing, record- ing, and reproducing signals by digital or analog devices or techniques. The term “signal” includes audio, video, speech, image, communication, geophys- ical, sonar, radar, medical, musical, and other signals. • Signal Processing • Image Processing • Speech Processing For a list of other books in this series, see final page. Digital System Design — Use of Microcontroller Dawoud Shenouda Dawoud R. Peplow University of Kwa-Zulu Natal Aalborg Published, sold and distributed by: River Publishers PO box 1657 Algade 42 9000 Aalborg Denmark Tel.: +4536953197 EISBN: 978-87-93102-29-3 ISBN:978-87-92329-40-0 © 2010 River Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publishers. Dedication To Nadia, Dalia, Dina and Peter D.S.D To Eleanor and Caitlin R.P. v This page intentionally left blank Preface Electronic circuit design is not a new activity; there have always been good designers who create good electronic circuits. For a long time, designers used discrete components to build first analogue and then digital systems. The main components for many years were: resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors and so on. The primary concern of the designer was functionality however, once functionality has been met, the designer’s goal is then to enhance per- formance. -
Chapter 1. a Chronology of Game Programming
This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register it. Thanks . [ Team LiB ] Chapter 1. A Chronology of Game Programming "In the beginning the Universe was created. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move." —Douglas Adams KEY TOPICS Phase I: Before Spacewar Phase II: Spacewar to Atari Phase III: Game Consoles and Personal Computers Phase IV: Shakedown and Consolidation Phase V: The Advent of the Game Engine Phase VI: The Handheld Revolution Phase VII: The Cellular Phenomenon Phase VIII: Multiplayer Games In Closing The art and science of game development have experienced a huge progression since the early days. Hardware has improved by orders of magnitude, whereas game complexity and richness have simply exploded. To better understand how games are coded today, and why, it is essential to look back and review the history of game programming. I have divided that lengthy narration into what I consider the eight most defining moments that shaped the current industry. Let's time warp ourselves to those moments and take a look at how things were done back then. This way the reasons behind today's practices will become obvious. I will avoid the trivial and focus on programming practices. Because raw data is useless without perspective, it's also important to provide some context in which to interpret the data and to understand how today's programming practices were developed. [ Team LiB ] This document was created by an unregistered ChmMagic, please go to http://www.bisenter.com to register it. -
Willy Loman and the "Soul of a New Machine": Technology and the Common Man Richard T
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Maine The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine English Faculty Scholarship English 1983 Willy Loman and the "Soul of a New Machine": Technology and the Common Man Richard T. Brucher University of Maine - Main, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/eng_facpub Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Repository Citation Brucher, Richard T., "Willy Loman and the "Soul of a New Machine": Technology and the Common Man" (1983). English Faculty Scholarship. 7. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/eng_facpub/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. a Willy Loman and The Soul of New Machine: Technology and the Common Man RICHARD T. BRUCHER As Death of a Salesman opens, Willy Loman returns home "tired to the death" (p. 13).1 Lost in reveries about the beautiful countryside and the past, he's been driving off the road; and now he wants a cheese sandwich. ? But Linda's that he a new cheese suggestion try American-type "It's whipped" (p. 16) -irritates Willy: "Why do you get American when I like Swiss?" (p. 17). His anger at being contradicted unleashes an indictment of modern industrialized America : street cars. not a The is lined with There's breath of fresh air in the neighborhood. -
Selection Between Unix in Minicomputer Setup and Lan
SELECTION BETWEEN UNIX IN MINICOMPUTER SETUP AND LAN CONFIGURATION FOR A MEDIUM-SIZED COMPANY CONSIDERING COMPUTERIZATION by LEUNG WAI-MING, RAYMOND ( -f 体 ) AND CHANG CHE SON (張 ) MBA PROJECT REPORT Presented to f. y . The Graduate Scfeol In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THREE-YEAR MBA PROGRAMME THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG May 1991 (DR. STAN HU) Advisor . cC 乏 . 、 3 2s ^fj: .-if".〜— . ^^ ;::\,」一 H I,ft t, , 一 :湖.. 广 ...v., M r 5 ?, „ — / r, . 二 i/ . L I >(多 • i .二, , / f .、/ \ l .> . --- , 1•1 • ABSTRACT With the evolution of VLSI and the microcomputers, the cost of computerization dropped tremendously in recent years. The application of computer systems in medium-sized companies in Hong Kong became a necessity in order to gain the competitive edge over the rivalries. However, the widely accepted configurations of Personal Computers (PC) in Local Area Network (LAN) environment and the UNIX Operating System under minicomputers puzzled many Electronic Data Processing (EDP) managers and Management Information System (MIS) managers when considering computerization of their own companies. Our project aimed to study the advantages and disadvantages of computerization in a medium-sized company under Unix/Minicomputer and LAN/PC environments in Hong Kong. This report included the study on the requirements of computerization process of these companies and the pros and cons of both the Unix/Minicomputer and the LAN/PC configurations. An attempt was made to provide some recommendations and guidelines for those companies that might want to and decide to employ computers in their business arenas so that they could maximize their return on the investment on the computerization. -
The Impact of Converging Information Technologies. Proceedings of the CAUSE National Conference (Monterey, California, December 9-12, 1986)
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 283 430 HE 020 404 TITLE The Impact of Converging Information Technologies. Proceedings of the CAUSE National Conference (Monterey, California, December 9-12, 1986). INSTITUTION CAUSE, Boulder, Colo. PUB DATE Dec 86 NOTE 586p.; Photographs may not reproduce well. PUB TYFE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021) Viewpoints (120) EDRS PRICE MF03/PC24 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *College Administration; College Planning; *Computer Oriented Programs; *Data Processing; Higher Education; Information Networks; *Information Technology; *Management Information Systems; *Microcomputers; Telecommunications; Users (Information) ABSTRACT Proceedings of a 1986 CAUSE conference on the impact of converging information technologies are presented. Topics of conferenco papers include: policy issues in higher education, planning and information technology, people issues in information technology, telecommunications/networking, special environments, microcomputer_issues and applications, and managing academic computing. Some of the papers (with the authors) are: "Distributed Access to Central Data: A Policy Issue" (Eugene W. Carson) "Distributed Access to Central Data: The Cons" (Katherine P. Hall);_ "Overselling Technology: Suppose You Gave a Computer Revolution and Nobody Came?" (Linda Fleit); "Selling the President on the Computing Plan: Strategic Funds Programming" (John L. Green); "A Preliminary Report of Institutional Experieace_with MIS Software" (Paul J. Plourde); "Policy Issues Surrounding Decisions to Use Mainframe or Micros" (Phyllis A. Sholtysi; "Alternative Models for the Delivery of Computing and Communications Services" (E. Michael Staman) "Converging Technologies Require Flexible Organizations" (Carole Barone); "Student Computing and Policy Issues" (Gerald McLaughlin, John A. Muffo, Ralph O. Mueller, Alan R. Sack); "Strategic Planning for Information Resources Management: Putting the Building Blocks Together" (James I. Penrod, Michael G. Dolence); "Planning for Administrative Computing in a Networked Environment" (Cynthia S. -
The Shaping of the Personal Computer
9780813345901-text_Westview Press 6 x 9 5/15/13 9:26 AM Page 229 10 THE SHAPING OF THE PERSONAL COMPUTER NO HISTORIAN HAS yet written a full account of the personal computer. Per- sonal computing was perhaps the most life-changing consumer phenomenon of the second half of the twentieth century, and it continues to surprise in its ever-evolving applications and forms. If we consider an earlier invention, domestic radio, it took about fifty years for historians to start writing really satisfactory accounts. We should not expect to fully understand the personal computer in a lesser time scale. There has, of course, been no shortage of published accounts of the develop- ment of the personal computer by journalists. Much of this reportage is bad his- tory, though some of it makes for good reading. Perhaps its most serious distortion is its focus on a handful of individuals, portrayed as visionaries who saw the future and made it happen: Apple Computer’s Steve Jobs and Microsoft’s Bill Gates figure prominently in this genre. By contrast, IBM and the established computer firms are usually portrayed as dinosaurs: slow-moving, dim-witted, deservedly extinct. When historians write this history, it will be more complex than these journalistic ac- counts. The real history lies in the rich interplay of cultural forces and commercial interests. RADIO DAYS If the idea that the personal computer was shaped by an interplay of cultural forces and commercial interests appears nebulous, it is helpful to compare the develop- ment of the personal computer with the development of radio in the opening decades of the twentieth century, whose history is well understood. -
1. Types of Computers Contents
1. Types of Computers Contents 1 Classes of computers 1 1.1 Classes by size ............................................. 1 1.1.1 Microcomputers (personal computers) ............................ 1 1.1.2 Minicomputers (midrange computers) ............................ 1 1.1.3 Mainframe computers ..................................... 1 1.1.4 Supercomputers ........................................ 1 1.2 Classes by function .......................................... 2 1.2.1 Servers ............................................ 2 1.2.2 Workstations ......................................... 2 1.2.3 Information appliances .................................... 2 1.2.4 Embedded computers ..................................... 2 1.3 See also ................................................ 2 1.4 References .............................................. 2 1.5 External links ............................................. 2 2 List of computer size categories 3 2.1 Supercomputers ............................................ 3 2.2 Mainframe computers ........................................ 3 2.3 Minicomputers ............................................ 3 2.4 Microcomputers ........................................... 3 2.5 Mobile computers ........................................... 3 2.6 Others ................................................. 4 2.7 Distinctive marks ........................................... 4 2.8 Categories ............................................... 4 2.9 See also ................................................ 4 2.10 References