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TABLE OF CONTENTS MAJOR THEME 1: MAN IN A CHANCHING SOCIETY SUB – THEMES: LIVING IN A CHANGING SOCIETY …………………. 2 WORKING IN A CHANGING SOCIETY ……………… 29 LEISURE IN A CHANGING SOCIETY ………………… 46 MAJOR THEME 2: ORDER AND FREEDOM IN SOCIETY SUB – THEMES: JUSTICE IN SOCIETY ……………………….…………. 65 SERVICE IN SOCIETY ………………………….……… 87 LOYALTY TO SOCIETY ………………….…………… 108 MAJOR THEME 3: LIFE SUB – THEMES: HAPPINESS ……………………………….……………. 125 UNENDING LIFE ……………………….……………… 144 SUCCESS ………………………….……..………………161 MAJOR THEME 4: MAN AND WOMAN SUB – THEMES: FAMILY LIFE ………….…………………….…………. 174 SEX DIFFERENCES AND THE PERSON ……………. 194 COURTISHIP AND MARRIAGE ………………….…… 210 MAJOR THEME 5: MAN’S RESPONSE TO GOD THROUGH FAITH AND LOVE SUB – THEMES: MAN’S QUEST FOR GOD ………….………………… 238 MAN’S EVASION OF GOD ………………….………… 255 CHRISTIAN INVOLVEMENT IN THE WORLD ……… 270 1 LIVING IN A CHANGING SOCIETY. What is change? The word change can be used to mean the following: Making something or a situation appear difference from its original stage. This may be positive or negative. Change means altering the state or quality of something or a situation form what it originally used to be. It is to bring a difference in something, a situation or someone either positively or negatively. Change involves something entering a new phase which may either be positive or negative. Change is a fact of life or a reality that can never be avoided. It is irresistible and therefore one is forced to accept to it. Quite often, any change comes with a new experience. This requires that one must make choice either to accept or reject the change. Positive changes are always accepted and they tend to bring joy to the people. However, people tend to hate, resist and resent negative changes. This is because such changes are associated with emotional and physical pain. Change in itself is neither good nor bad. It is what man does about change in himself and in nature that makes him more or less human. REACTIONS OR ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHANGE TODAY. As already pointed out, any change comes with a new experience in life. For this reason, it tends to attract different reactions before, during and after its occurrence. 1. There is always a feeling of uncertainty for the unknown. What the future holds becomes unclear and at the end one is caught up with the feeling of insecurity. This is what prevents an individual from enjoying what ought to be enjoyed. 2. Some people do not care much about changes unless their own lives are affected. Such people simply sit back and watch the changes take place until they are personally touched. 3. To some people, tension tends to build up when changes are expected. For example, sudden examinations, or being told to travel to a place one has never been to is associated with such a high level of emotional instability. 4. Some people experience nostalgia after change has occurred. They long for the good old days, which unfortunately belong to their past. This is always marked by the common phrase that “I wish”. 5. Other people accept change as a fact of life. To this people, change viewed as a normal aspect of human life. 2 6. Some people resist changes in life. This is the case with the conservatives. Who want things to be done the way they are used to. 7. Some people experience anxiety. They become nervous and are uncomfortable with themselves. 8. Other people accept and welcome everything new as being good. These are the people who are not always bothered of the new development even when it may be negative. 9. There are some people who are always filled with excitement or joy for positive changes. 10. Other people are motivated after experiencing change especially if it is good. They are encouraged to work harder such that they may benefit more from the new change. 11. Some people experience and sorrow at the same time. They are overwhelmed by the changes and are therefore caught up in tears of joy. 12. There are some people who look at changes as all bad and upsetting. This is the case with people having extreme views. They tend to have negative attitude towards anything new. 13. Some people are caught up with feelings of fear and insecurity of any new development. This may be caused by the previous past experiences, which could have been bad. 14. Some people experience depression. These people are always sad or gloomy for most of their time. This comes as a result of losing hope in the new development. They may even choose to keep quiet without associating with others freely. 15. In other cases, people tend to blame each other and look for excuses even when the changes are genuine. Such people are interest in avoiding taking the blame, especially if they accept something negative. 16. Some people tend to avoid change. This is especially if they had been happy with the present state. 17. Some people feel stressed before and after the change. They experience great pressure and worries almost all the time. This may be as a result of over thinking about the outcome of the change. 18. Some people find it difficult to change even if it is good. These are people who cannot give reasons for their feelings or reactions. 19. Some people tend to withdraw from the changes that have taken place. They tend to resign and give up whatever they may be doing. This mostly happens when the outcome of the change is negative. Revision exercise. Qn.1. What could be a Christian attitude towards change. 3 REASONS WHY SOME PEOPLE FEAR CHANGE Because change comes with new experiences, it’s difficult to predict the outcome. This tends to create tension and consequently fear among people. This is because of the following: 1. Change tends to disrupt or interfere with the old order. This make it difficult for some people to accept change easily. 2. Contentment with the current state of affair makes people to fear change. Such is the case with the people satisfied with whatever could be going on. Therefore, calling for change would make them unstable and settle. 3. Unpleasant past experiences can also cause the fear of change. This is particularly true when the individual had some similar frustrating encounter before. Because of this some people tend to associate any change with suffering. hence causing fear. 4. Some people fear to bear the responsibility of change, especially if it would affect people negatively. They fear being blamed for causing changes that could eventually disrupt the normal life in the society. 5. Other people have fear for the unknown. This comes from failing to predict the outcome of the change. 6. Some people fear change because of conservatism. These are people who believe that things should always be the way they are even without any reason. 7. Some people fear losing friends or families as a result of change. Such an individual may feel that the change would break the already existing relationship. 8. Change is at times feared because of low level of education or ignorance. This is the case with people who may not be aware that change can be for the better. 9. Change is also feared because of the need to preserve the existing culture. This is the case in situations where the change is expected to come with a new and different way of life, affecting the existing culture negatively. 10. Some people fear getting stuck half way in the course of the change. This is caused by the fear of shame that may be associated with change. 11. Change is feared if it requires a lot of resources from people like time and money. This makes the new change appear costly for an individual to handle. 12. Some people tend to associate change with a lot of work. This creates fear because of the expected much work load but the individual is not used to. 13. Change is feared because of laziness. This is the case with inactive people who could have been failing to perform the task at hand. Therefore, bringing something new would cause more panic than the usual. CHANGE IN PRESENT SITUATION. The world has continued to evolve. In the same way, man has continued to experience changes in life. The changes are even taking place at a much faster rate and with far reaching effects. 4 TYPES OF CHANGE. This is about the different kinds of change in society. They describe the general characteristics of change in a given situation. Change can therefore be noticed in the following forms; 1. Spiritual Change: This involves man’s response to God which changes over time throughout the world. People of different spiritual views choose to change their spiritual conviction in order to protect the interest they share with their colleagues. This is possible in business, politics, intermarriages, etc. 2. Biological Change: This is associated with people’s growth which involves bodily changes, which causes change in the values of life. It is an established fact that every person keeps on growing with time, most particularly during the adolescence stage. 3. Social Change: This type of change concerns the relationship between people and their communities. That is why with time, people change their friends, jobs, countries of residence, marital status, leisure activities, among others. 4. Economic Change: This type of change concerns the economic status of a person and their communities. In the event of hard work to get money therefore, people’s economic status change into development. It leaves them with an improved standard of living and richer. 5. Technological change: As man interacts with his environment in the process of extracting his basic needs out of the little resources the world can offer.

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