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MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: Kurzübersicht Über Vorfälle Aus Dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Zusammengestellt Von ACCORD, 29 MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: Kurzübersicht über Vorfälle aus dem Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) zusammengestellt von ACCORD, 29. Juni 2020 Anzahl der berichteten Vorfälle mit mindestens einem Anzahl der berichteten Todesopfer Todesopfer Staatsgrenzen: GADM, November 2015a; Verwaltungsgliederung: GADM, November 2015b; Grenzstatus Bhutan/Chi- na: CIA, 2012; Grenzstatus China/Indien: CIA, 2006; Geo-Daten umstrittener Grenzen: GADM, November 2015a; Natural Earth, ohne Datum; Vorfallsdaten: ACLED, 20. Juni 2020; Küstenlinien und Binnengewässer: Smith und Wessel, 1. Mai 2015 MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 29. JUNI 2020 Inhaltsverzeichnis Konfliktvorfälle nach Kategorie Anzahl der berichteten Todesopfer 1 Anzahl der Vorfälle mit Anzahl der Anzahl der Anzahl der berichteten Vorfälle mit mindestens einem Todesopfer 1 Kategorie mindestens Vorfälle Todesopfer einem Konfliktvorfälle nach Kategorie 2 Todesopfer Entwicklung von Konfliktvorfällen von 2010 bis 2019 2 Kämpfe 731 176 1247 Proteste 447 1 4 Methodologie 3 Explosionen / Fernangriffe 243 53 85 Berichtete Konfliktvorfälle nach Provinz 4 Gewalt gegen Zivilpersonen 240 87 132 strategische Entwicklungen 123 1 1 Lokalisierung der Konfliktvorfälle 4 Ausschreitungen 15 1 25 Hinweis 7 Gesamt 1799 319 1494 Die Tabelle basiert auf Daten von ACLED (verwendete Datensätze: ACLED, 20. Juni 2020). Entwicklung von Konfliktvorfällen von 2010 bis 2019 Das Diagramm basiert auf Daten von ACLED (verwendete Datensätze: ACLED, 20. Juni 2020). 2 MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 29. JUNI 2020 Methodologie Die beiden oben dargestellten Karten dienen dazu, die Anzahl berichteter Todes- opfer (die Schätzungen beinhalten kann) mit der Anzahl an Vorfällen mit mindes- Die Daten, die in diesem Bericht verwendet werden, stammen vom Armed Conflict tens einem berichteten Todesopfer zu vergleichen. Location & Event Data Project (ACLED). ACLED sammelt Daten über berichtete Konfliktereignisse in ausgewählten afrikanischen und asiatischen Ländern, unter Die geographischen Kartendaten basieren hauptsächlich auf GADM, fallweise anderem Myanmar. Das ACLED-Team greift dabei auf verschiedene Quellen ergänzt durch weitere Quellen. Die Vorfälle werden den von ACLED genannten zurück und klassifiziert die Daten nach Ort, Datum, AkteurInnen und Art. Provinzen zugeordnet (Provinznamen und -grenzen können sich zwischen ACLED und GADM unterscheiden, die vorliegenden Karten verwenden GADM). Vorfälle, die nicht zugeordnet werden konnten, werden ignoriert. Daher können die Zahlen Der Großteil der von ACLED gesammelten Daten basiert auf öffentlich zugäng- im vorliegenden Bericht von jenen der ACLED-Datensätze abweichen. Zudem ist lichen Sekundärquellen. Die Daten können daher das Ausmaß an Vorfällen un- es möglich, dass ACLED andere Provinzgrenzen verwendet als GADM. ACLED tererfassen. Insbesondere Daten zur Anzahl an Todesopfern sind der Gefahren verwendet verschiedene Stufen der Präzision bei den Ortsdaten der Vorfälle, der Verzerrung und der ungenauen Berichterstattung ausgesetzt. ACLED gibt abhängig davon, wie detailliert die Quellen berichten. So kann eine Stadt für eine an, konservative Schätzungen zu verwenden. ACLED verwendet den Kontext der größere Region stehen, oder es wird die Provinzhauptstadt als Ort angegeben für jeweiligen Berichte, um die Anzahl der Todesopfer für jene Vorfälle zu schätzen, Vorfälle, bei denen nur die Provinz bekannt ist. bei denen keine exakte Anzahl berichtet wird (“10” für “mehrere” Todesopfer, “100” wenn “hunderte” erwähnt werden, usw.). Für weitere Informationen zu ACLED und Die Vorfälle umfassen folgende Kategorien: Kämpfe; Errichtung von Hauptquar- für den Zugang zu den vollständigen Datensätzen, siehe www.acleddata.com und tieren oder Basen; gewaltlose strategische Entwicklungen; Ausschreitungen/Pro- Raleigh; Linke; Hegre und Karlsen, 2010. teste; Gewalt gegen Zivilpersonen; gewaltlose Gebietseinnahme; Fernangriffe. Für Details zu diesen Kategorien, siehe: Basierend auf diesen Daten erstellt das Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD) Übersichten zu Konfliktvorfällen • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict und veröffentlicht sie auf ecoi.net, um einen weiteren Zugang zu den ACLED- Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook (2019), 10. April 2019 Datensätzen zu bieten. https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/10/ ACLED_Codebook_2019FINAL_pbl.pdf Es wird empfohlen, Zahlen zu Todesopfern mit äußerster Vorsicht zu verwenden. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Für Beurteilungen der Sicherheitslage sind Analysen von Vorfallsdaten quantitati- Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) User Quick Guide, April 2019 ver Natur nicht ausreichend. https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/ General-User-Guide_FINAL.pdf Bitte beachten Sie ACLEDs besondere methodischen Hinweise zu Myanmar: ACLED, 14. November 2019 3 MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 29. JUNI 2020 • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: FAQs: ACLED Fatality Berichtete Konfliktvorfälle nach Provinz Methodology, 27. Jänner 2020 https://www.acleddata.com/download/17979/ Anzahl Vorfälle Anzahl Provinz Anzahl Vorfälle mit Todesopfern Todesopfer Ayeyarwady 30 0 0 Bago 28 0 0 Chin 100 20 124 Kachin 43 3 3 Kayah 25 1 2 Kayin 38 6 17 Magway 14 1 25 Mandalay 71 2 5 Mon 18 3 3 Naypyitaw 13 0 0 Rakhine 803 198 1102 Sagaing 63 5 29 Shan 396 80 184 Tanintharyi 23 0 0 Yangon 134 0 0 Lokalisierung der Konfliktvorfälle Hinweis: Die folgende Liste stellt einen Überblick über Ereignisse aus den ACLED-Datensätzen dar. Die Datensätze selbst enthalten weitere Details (Orts- angaben, Datum, Art, beteiligte AkteurInnen, Quellen, etc.). Die Präzision der Ortsdaten der Vorfälle variiert: Eine Stadt kann für eine ganze Region stehen, die Provinzhauptstadt kann als Ortsangabe verwendet werden, wenn außer der Pro- vinz keine näheren Ortsangaben bekannt sind. In der Liste werden für die Orte die 4 MYANMAR, JAHR 2019: KURZÜBERSICHT ÜBER VORFÄLLE AUS DEM ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) ZUSAMMENGESTELLT VON ACCORD, 29. JUNI 2020 Namen in der Schreibweise von ACLED verwendet, für die Verwaltungseinheiten In Magway wurden 14 Vorfälle mit 25 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten jedoch jene der GADM-Daten, auf welchen die obigen Karten basieren (in beiden lokalisiert: Chauk, Magway, Minbu, Ngape, Pakokku, Seikphyu, Taungdwingyi, Fällen handelt es sich ggf. um englische Transkriptionen). Yenangyaung. In Ayeyarwady wurden 30 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten In Mandalay wurden 71 Vorfälle mit 5 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten lokalisiert: Danubyu, Hinthada, Kangyidaunt, Labutta, Lemyethna, lokalisiert: Amarapura, Aung Tha Pyay, Aungmyaythazan, Bagan, Myaungmya, Ngapudaw, Nyaungdon, Pathein, Pyapon, U To, Yegyi, Zalun. Chanayethazan, Chanmyathazi, Chaung Gyi, Kyaukpadaung, Kyaukse, Mahaaungmyay, Mahlaing, Mandalay, Meiktila, Mogok, Myingyan, Myittha, In Bago wurden 28 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten lokalisiert: Natogyi, Patheingyi, Pyawbwe, Pyigyitagun, Pyin Oo Lwin, Shan Ka Lay Kyun, Bago, Gyobingauk, Letpadan, Minhla, Monyo, Nyaunglebin, Okpho, Tada-U, Taungtha, Yae Kyi, Yae Laung. Paungde, Phyu, Pyay, Taungoo, Thayarwady, Thegon, Yit Kan Lay, Zigon. In Mon wurden 18 Vorfälle mit 3 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten lokalisiert: Kun Hlar, Kyaikto, Lamaing, Mawlamyine, Ngar Kalay Chaung, In Chin wurden 100 Vorfälle mit 124 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten Thanbyuzayat, Ye. lokalisiert: Ah Daung Wa, Bapi, Doe Chaung Wa, Falam, Hakha, Hna Ma Dar, Hnone Bu Gyi, Hnone Bu Nge, Hta Run Aing, Kha Maung Wa, Kha Yu Chaung Phyar, Kon Pyin, Kyaung Chaung, Kyee Lay (Lower), Matupi, Maung Hna Ma, In Naypyitaw wurden 13 Vorfälle mit 0 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten Mee Zar, Mindat, Mun Daunt, Myeik Wa, Pa Kar Wa, Paletwa, Pwee Wone, lokalisiert: Lewe, Nay Pyi Taw, Oke Ta Ra Thi Ri, Pyinmana. Seint Sin Wa, Tha Hpan Chaung Wa, Than Taung, Thar Yar Kone, Ton Ma Wa, Tonzang. In Rakhine wurden 803 Vorfälle mit 1102 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten lokalisiert: Ah Htet Myat Hle, Ah Lel Chaung, Ah Myet Taung, Ah Nauk Hka Maung Seik, Ah Ngu Maw, Ah Ngu Maw (Kone Tan), Ah Pauk Wa, Ahr Kar In Kachin wurden 43 Vorfälle mit 3 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten Taung, Ann, Ann Thar, Athay Kar La, Auk Thar Kan, Aung Ba La, Aung Ma lokalisiert: Bhamo, Chipwi, Hpakant, Laiza, Lone Khin, Maing Nawng, Mansi, Kyaw, Aung Myay Kone, Aung Seik, Aung Taing, Aw Ra Ma, Baw Di Kone, Mogaung, Mohnyin, Momauk, Myitkyina, Nam Sang Yang, Puta-O, Tanai, Buddhaw, Buthidaung, Chaung Nar, Chaung To, Chay Yar Taw, Chein Kar Li, Waingmaw. Chut Pyin, Daing Thar, Dar Let, Daung Taw Yoe, Day Wun, Ga Nan Me, Goke Pi, Gwa Son, Hin Kha Yaw, Hpa Yar Oke, Hpa Yar Paung, Hpar Hpyo (Chin), In Kayah wurden 25 Vorfälle mit 2 Toten erfasst und an folgenden Orten Hpon Nyo Leik, Htaung Laung Pun, Htee Swea, Hteik Wa Pyin, Htone Bu, lokalisiert: Demoso, Hpasawng, Hpruso, Loikaw, Mese, Shadaw. Htun Ya Wai, Ka Htee Hla, Kan Htaunt Gyi, Kan Ni, Kan Pyin, Kan Sauk, Kan Thit, Kar Di, Kat We, Kha Maung, Kha Yay Myaing, Khaung Laung Ywar In Kayin wurden 38 Vorfälle mit 17 Toten
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