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Okręty Wojenne Nr 73 W NUMERZE Dwumiesięcznik Maciej S. Sobański Vol. XV, Nr 73 (5/2005) Z życia flot 2 ISSN-1231-014X, Indeks 386138 Redaktor naczelny Jarosław Malinowski Maciej S. Sobański 4 Kolegium redakcyjne Lato 2005 – czarne dni rosyjskiej floty Rafał Ciechanowski, Michał Jarczyk, Maciej S. Sobański Współpracownicy w kraju Mariusz Borowiak, Jarosław Cichy, Andrzej Danilewicz, Maciej Szopa Przemysław Federowicz, Maciej K. Franz, Jan Front, Doggerbank 1915 9 Michał Glock, Tadeusz Górski,Tomasz Grotnik, Krzysztof Hanuszek, Marek Herma, Jerzy Lewandowski, Andrzej Nitka, Grzegorz Nowak, Grzegorz Ochmiński, Jarosław Palasek, Radomir Pyzik, Jan Radziemski, Marcin Schiele, Maciej Szopa, Marek Supłat, Tomasz Walczyk Maciej S. Sobański 17 Japońskie krążowniki ciężkie typu Współpracownicy zagraniczni BIAŁORUŚ Furutaka i Aoba, część II Igor G. Ustimienko BELGIA Leo van Ginderen, Jasper van Raemdonck, Maciej S. Sobański CZECHY René Greger, Ota Janeček Brytyjskie slupy lat 1926-1946, część IV 25 FRANCJA Gérard Garier, Jean Guiglini, Pierre Hervieux HISZPANIA Alejandro Anca Alamillo HOLANDIA Aleksandr Mitrofanov Robert F. van Oosten 32 IZRAEL Ewakuacja Hanko – tryumf i tragedia Aryeh Wetherhorn LITWA Aleksandr Mitrofanov MALTA Joseph Caruana Jarosław Palasek NIEMCY Amerykańskie okręty dowodzenia, 36 Siegfried Breyer, Richard Dybko, Hartmut Ehlers, Jürgen Eichardt, Zvonimir Freivogel, Bodo Herzog, część IVa Werner Globke, Reinhard Kramer, Peter Schenk, ROSJA Siergiej Bałakin, Borys Lemaczko, Nikołaj W. Mitiuckow, Przemysław Federowicz Konstantin B. Strelbickij STANY ZJEDNOCZONE. A.P. 43 Operacja „Ostfront”, część I Arthur D. Baker III UKRAINA Anatolij N. Odajnik, Władymir P. Zabłockij WIELKA BRYTANIA Ralph Edwards Zvonimir Freivogel WŁOCHY 47 Maurizio Brescia, Achille Rastelli Ramb III – Kiebitz – Galeb Niewiarygodna historia pewnej jednostki Adres redakcji Wydawnictwo „Okręty Wojenne” Krzywoustego 16, 42-605 Tarnowskie Góry Przemysław Federowicz Polska/Poland tel: +48 (032) 384-48-61 57 Niemieckie okręty desantowe www.okretywojenne.pl e-mail: [email protected] w Głogowie Skład, druk i oprawa: DRUKPOL sp. j. Kochanowskiego 27, 42-600 Tarnowskie Góry Zvonimir Freivogel tel. (032) 285-40-35, www.drukujemy.pl Typ Wespe i Seelöwe – pierwsze pełnomorskie 60 trałowce Bundesmarine, część I © by Wydawnictwo „Okręty Wojenne” 2005 Wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone. All rights reserved. Przedruk i kopiowanie jedynie za zgodą wydawnictwa Redakcja zastrzega sobie prawo skracania i adjustacji Maciej S. Sobański tekstów. Materiałów nie zamówionych nie zwracamy. Redakcja nie ponosi odpowiedzialności za treść 66 Marynarka Wojenna publikowanych artykułów, które prezentują wyłącznie Socjalistycznej Republiki Wietnamu opinie i punkt widzenia ich autorów. Nakład: 1500 egz. Tomasz Grotnik Uniwersalny okręt desantowy Dok-do 76 Na okład ce: Recenzje Japoński krążownik ciężki Kinugasa 80 sfotografowany w październiku 1928 roku. fot. zbiory Shizuo Fukui Z życia flot z attachatów wojskowych w Tehera- okres 12 miesięcy okręt podwodny nie, wskazujące, że miniaturowy okręt Gotland wraz z załogą i niezbędną eki- podwodny nie nadaje się raczej do bez- pą obsługi technicznej, który trafił do pośredniego użycia bojowego, a może bazy U.S. Navy w San Diego, gdzie bę- służyć jedynie do przerzutu grup dywer- dzie przedmiotem szczegółowej anali- syjnych czy rozpoznawczych. zy technicznej w związku z zastosowa- Zgodnie z wszelki prawdopodo- niem na nim napędem niezależnym od bieństwem nowe irańskie miniaturowe powietrza atmosferycznego. okręty podwodne stanowią rozwinię- Gotland (typ A-19) został zbudowa- cie jednostek typu Yugo produkowany ny w stoczni Kockums w Malmö w la- Nowy algierski okręt szkolny zbudowany w Chinach. fot. Internet w KRL-D, których od 3 do 9 zostało za- tach 1992 – 1996. Wyporność nawod- ALGIERIA 6,2 m i zanurzeniu 5,8 m. Napęd kla- kupionych przez Iran w okresie wojny na 1384 t, a podwodna odpowiednio Nowy okręt szkolny syczny stanowią 4 silniki wysokoprężne z Irakiem w latach 1980 – 1988, o na- 1494 t przy długości całkowitej 60,6 Stocznia Qiuxin w Szanghaju ukoń- MTU współpracujące z silnikiem elek- stępujących parametrach taktyczno- m, szerokości 6,1 m i zanurzeniu 5,6 czyła budowę dużego okrętu szkolne- trycznym, układ ten ma zapewnić mak- -technicznych: wyp. 90/110 t, 20 x 3,1 m. Napęd klasyczny – 2 silniki wyso- go dla marynarki wojennej Algierii, wzo- symalną prędkość podwodną powyżej x 1,6 m, 350 KM pręd. 10,5/ 8 w., za- koprężne VA 185 o łącznej 2600 KM rowanego na zbudowanym w latach 20 węzłów oraz zasięg nawodny 6500 sięg naw. 550 Mm/10 w i podwodny 50 +2 generatory elektryczne Jeumont- 1986-1987 dla floty ChRL Zhenghe Mm przy 8 węzłach, a podwodny 550 Mm/4 w., załoga 4 ludzi + 5-7 grupa Schneider o mocy 1520 kW z silnikiem (81). Wyporność normalna jednost- Mm przy 4 węzłach. desantowa. elektrycznym ASEA oraz 2 generatory ki wynosi 4500 t, a pełna odpowiednio Uzbrojenie okrętu stanowi 6 dzio- Warto także pamiętać, że Iran za- Stirling VA-275R Mk II o mocy po 75 5448 t przy długości całkowitej kadłu- bowych wyrzutni torpedowych kal. kupił również 3 rosyjskie okręty pod- kW do pracy niezależnie od powietrza ba 132,1 m, szerokości 16,4 m i zanu- 533 mm, które pozwalają na wystrzeli- wodne typu Kilo zbudowane w latach atmosferycznego. Prędkość nawod- rzeniu 5,3 m. Napęd stanowią 2 silniki wanie z nich nie tylko torped, w tym kie- wysokoprężne SEMT-Pielstick o łącznej rowanych przewodowo „Black Shark”, mocy 7800 KM, które zapewniają mak- ale również pocisków rakietowych prze- symalną prędkość 20 węzłów. Zasięg ciwokrętowych Aerospatiale SM-40 5000 Mm/15 węzłach. „Exocet”. Jednostka ognia na pokładzie Okręt posiada zapewne uzbrojenie, okrętu składa się z 18 torped i rakiet. które w przypadku chińskiego proto- Nie jest w tej chwili jeszcze wiadomo typu składało się z 2 podwójnie sprzę- czy wszystkie okręty powstaną w stocz- żonych dział plot. kal. 57 mm L/62 Typ ni francuskiej, czy też jak to jest w indyj- 66, 2 podwójnie sprzężonych dział plot. skiej tradycji w stoczni krajowej przy kal. 30 mm Typ 69 (AK-230) oraz 2 pię- znaczącym współudziale Francji. ciorurowych miotaczy bomb głębino- wych. Nie są znane szczegóły dotyczą- IRAN ce uzbrojenia okrętu budowanego na Budowa okrętów podwodnych Okręt podwodny Gotland wydzierżawiony Amerykanom zamówienie Algierii, należy jednak są- W dniu 10 maja 2005 r. telewi- na jeden rok. fot. U.S. Navy dzić, że jest ono podobne (co najwyżej zja irańska pokazała stojący przy na- zastosowano nowsze modele) brzeżu w porcie Bandar Abbas mi- 1991-1994, jednak obecnie z uwagi na na 10 węzłów, podwodna na chrapach Jednostka z uwagi na swój charak- niaturowy okręt podwodny. Wg słów zły stan techniczny co najmniej 2 z nich 10 węzłów, a podwodna swobodna 20 ter posiada bogate wyposażenie elektro- kierującego zakładem budującym jed- znajdują się w bazie Bandar Abbas węzłów. niczne, obejmujące radary nawigacyjne, nostki adm. Mohammad Reza Zahedi, w stanie nie operacyjnym. Uzbrojenie stanowią 4 dziobowe wy- radar obserwacji powietrznej oraz kiero- Iran, a konkretnie Organizacja Przemysłu rzutnie torpedowe kal. 533 mm z za- wania ogniem artylerii plot., a także so- Obronnego, podjął już seryjną produkcję SZWECJA pasem 12 torped Tp 613 i Tp 22 oraz nar kadłubowy. takich okrętów, które mogą być uzbro- Wypożyczenie Gotlanda 2 rufowe wyrzutnie torpedowe kal. 400 Etatowa załoga liczy 190 marynarzy jone w torpedy i rakiety. Doniesieniom Szwecja w maju 2005 roku „wy- mm z zapasem 4 torped Tp 422 i Tp 45 i oficerów oraz dodatkowo 30 instrukto- tym przeczą informacje pochodzące pożyczyła” Stanom Zjednoczonym na pop. Na zewnątrz kadłuba okrętu można rów i 180 kursantów. również przytwierdzić 22 miny morskie Piąty japoński duży niszczyciel z systemem AEGIS na pochylni Tp 42. Załoga Gotland liczy 23 maryna- stoczni Mitsubishi w Nagasaki. fot. „Ships of the World” INDIE rzy i oficerów. Kontrakt stulecia Innym prawdopodobnym celem W dniu 12 września 2005 r. przy amerykańskich prób ze szwedzką jed- okazji wizyty w Paryżu premiera Indii nostką jest opracowanie taktyki i środ- Manmohan Singh został podpisany ków zwalczania niewielkich klasycz- nowy „kontrakt stulecia” przewidują- nych okrętów podwodnych na wodach cy budowę przez Francję za kwotę 2,4 przybrzeżnych. mld Eu 6 nowych okrętów podwodnych typu Scorpéne, a drugiej części również URUGWAJ zakup 43 samolotów pasażerskich typu Zaopatrzeniowiec z Niemiec Airbus. Władze Urugwaju zakupiły w Niem- Przypomnijmy wyporność nawodna czech wycofany ze służby okręt za- jednostek typy Scorpéne wynosi 1668 t, opatrzeniowy A 1413 Freiburg, zbu- a podwodna odpowiednio 1908 t przy dowany w Hamburgu w latach 1965 długości całkowitej 66,4 m, szerokości – 1968, który otrzymał nazwę General 2 Nr 73 (5/2005) • OKRĘTY WOJENNE Z życia flot portowcu desantowym LPD­‑18 New Crombie, Londyn i Durham, został uro- Orleans. Wg zapewnień dowódcy jed- czyście definitywnie wycofany ze służ- nostki kmdr Johna B. Skillman, okręt do by brytyjski lotniskowiec Invincible. służby w roku 2006 i trafi do bazy San W uroczystościach opuszczenia bande- Diego w Kalifornii, skąd po dalszym ry uczestniczył Pierwszy lord Morski sir przeszkoleniu załogi prawdopodobnie Alan West, dowódca floty adm. Jonthon do Sasebo w Japonii. Band, Drugi Lord Morski wiceadm. W trakcie budowy znajdują się kolejne James Burnell-Nugent oraz ponad 500 jednostki serii – Mesa Verde (LPD-19). dawnych oficerów lotniskowca. Który został wodowany 15 stycznia 2005 Przypomnijmy Invincible R 05 został w Pascagoula oraz Green Bay (LPD-20) zbudowany w stoczni Vickers w Bar- i New York (LPD-21)
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