TOOL STEELS Cold Work Tool Steels

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General Catalog of TOOL STEELS Cold Work Tool Steels

Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC

Hot Work Tool Steels

Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series

Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series

Plastic Mold Steel CENA1

High Speed Tool Steels Cold Work Tool Steels YSS Cold Work Tool Steels

Types of YSS cold work tool steels

Grade Chemical composition（％）

Color JIS equivalent AISI DIN WNr. C Si Mn Cr W Mo V Co Others

Free-cutting Original steel SLD-MAGIC High-performance cold work tool steel elements added

SLD SKD11 D2 1.2379 １．５０．３０．４１２．０ ― ０．９０．３ ―

SLD10 8% Cr steel １．０１．００．４７．５ ― ２．８０．４ ―

ARK1 Original steel 0.7 0.3 ０．４７．５ ― １．００．３ ― S：0.05

SGT SKS3 O1 1.2510 １．００．３１．００．７０．７ ― ― ―

YCS3 SKS93 W5 １．００．４０．９０．４ ― ― ― ― Cold work tool steels ACD37 Original steel A4 ０．９０．３２．０１．１ ― １．３ ― ―

HMD5 Original steel ０．７１．０１．０１．２ ― ０．２ ― ―

HI-PM MAGIC Original steel 40HRC pre-hardened steel

YXM1 SKH51 M2 1.3343 ０．９０．３０．４４．２６．５５．０２．０ ―

YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 ０．９０．３０．３４．２６．５５．3 1 ．9 5 ．０

YXR7 ０．８０．８０．３４．７１．３５．５１．３ ―

YXR3 Matrix high ０．６１．５０．４４．３ ― ２．９１．８ ― speed steel High speed tool steels YXR33 ０．５０．２０．５４．２１．６２．０１．２ ―

HAP5R ０．９０．８０．３４．３２．０３．０３．０ ― P/M high speed steel HAP10 M3：2 １．４０．６０．３５．０３．０６．０３．８ ―

HAP40 SKH40 1.3244 １．３０．３０．４４．２６．０５．０３．１８．０

P/M high HAP72 speed steel ２．１０．４０．３４．２９．５８．３５．０９．５ P/M High speed tool steels

Applications in cold work dies

Recommended YSS steel Standard Application hardness For mass production use (HRC) For general use For abrasion resistance For impact resistance

Blanking dies (small, progressive) 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R For general sheet use 55-60 HMD5 SLD, SLD-MAGIC ARK1 Blanking dies For general heavy plate use 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R For general sheet use 58-62 SLD SLD-MAGIC ARK1

Cold press die Cold press Bending and Swaging dies For general heavy plate use 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40 YXM1 Male die 58-63 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40, YXM4 YXR7, YXR3, HAP10 Foging dies Female die 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP10 YXR7, YXR3, HAP5R Male die 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40, YXM4 YXM1, YXR7, YXR3 Heading dies Female die 55-60

Cold foging dies YSM SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, YXR7, YXR3 Thread forming dies 58-64 SLD YXR7, YXM1, SLD10 Cold working rolls ≥80HS SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40

Types of YSS cold work tool steels

Grade Characteristics Main Application

High-performance cold work tool steel attaining both Cold work dies for high-tensile steels, SUS, mass SLD-MAGIC extended die life and easy die fabrication. production, and general use. Cold work die steel with high abrasion resistance for general SLD use, excellent harden-ability and minimal quench stress. Cold work dies for general use, forming roll, shear blade.

Extreamly high hardness with excellent toughness in die SLD10 steels, 62-64HRC. Rolling dies.

Cold work die steel with high toughness and improved Dies for printed circuit board, die plates, stripper plates. ARK1 machinability. Cold work die steel with superior machinability for general use; SGT Special care is required for quenching large-size dies or wire Dies for deep drawing, gauges. electric discharge machining. Carbon tool steel for small production to be quenched in oil. YCS3 Press forming dies, jigs and tools, gauges. Improved SK105 grade for its hardenabillty. Cold work tool steels Vacuum quenched and air quenched steel. Improved SGT grade ACD37 for its hardenability and wire electric discharge machinability. Dies for deep drawing, gauges. Steel for ame hardening, resulting in high hardness and HMD5 small strain even with air quenched; good weldability. Dies for deep drawing.

HI-PM MAGIC 40HRC pre-hardened steel. Press forming dies for small production, jigs and tools.

High speed steel with high abrasion resistance and YXM1 toughness for general use. Cold forging dies, cold heading dies, slitter.

YXM4 High speed steel to prevent from abrasion, seizure and Cold forging dies, drawing dies. deformation under high pressure Matrix high speed steel, extremely highest toughness in Rolling dies, cold forging dies, roll, cold forging panches, YXR7 62-65HRC. Available for vacuum quenching. blanking panches.

YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for general use, extremely highest Dies to be used for cracking or chipping resistance. toughness in 58-61HRC. High speed tool steels YXR33 Matrix high speed steel highest toughness in high speed Cold forging dies, warm forging dies. steels. Standard hardness 54-58HRC.

HAP5R Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, ne blanking dies.

HAP10 Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, ne blanking dies.

HAP40 P/M high speed steel with high abrasion resistance and Press forming dies for mass production, roll. toughness for general use.

HAP72 P/M high speed steel with high hardness and highest Cold plastic working dies of long life, high performanced IC

P/M High speed tool steels abrasion resistance. molds.

Applications in cold work dies

Recommended YSS steel Standard Application hardness For mass production use (HRC) For general use For abrasion resistance For impact resistance

For sheet use 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 YXR3, YXR7 Trimming dies For heavy plate use 50-55 DAC, DM Cold hobbing dies 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1 Drawing dies 57-62 For plastic forming SLD, YXM1 HAP40 For sheet service 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3 Shearing blade For medium plate (straight tooth) 53-58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1, ACD8 YXR33 For heavy plate 48-53 DM, ACD8 Rotary shear slitters 54-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 Thicknesses 50mm and under 50-55 DM, ACD8 Machine cutter Billet shear Thicknesses over 50mm 48-53 DAC, DM, ACD8 Gauges 60-64 SGT, ACD37, YCS3

Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels Characteristics of steels

HAP72 : Standard steel (JIS equivalent)

: Original steel P/M high speed steel

YXM4 HAP40

Wear resistance HAP10 YXM1 Toughness HAP5R YXR7 SLD-MAGIC Matrix high speed steel SLD Excellent machinability YXR3 Toughness Air hardening steel ARK1 ACD37 Wear resistance, Strength YXR33 SGT HMD5

Flame hardening steel YCS3 For small production 40HRC pre-hardened steel HI-PM MAGIC

Toughness

Comparison of characteristics

Distortion by Standard Grade Wear Pressure Toughness Hardenability heat Machinability Weldability hardness resistance resistance treatment (HRC) SLD-MAGIC A A A－ A＋ A＋ A－ B 58 - 62 SLD A A B A＋ A＋ B C 57 - 63 SLD10 A－ A A－ A＋ A B－ C 59 - 65 ARK1 B＋ A A A＋ A A－ B 58 - 60 SGT C B＋ B C D A B 57 - 63 YCS3 D C C D D A＋ B 57 - 63 ACD37 B A－ B A＋ A A B 55 - 60 HMD5 C B B ─ ─ A A 55 - 60 HI-PM MAGIC D－ D A＋＋ ─ ─ A－ A＋ 40 YXM1 A A＋ A－ B B B C 58 - 64 YXM4 A＋＋ A＋ B B B B－ C 62 - 66 YXR7 A A＋ A A B B C 61 - 65 YXR3 A－ A A＋ B B B＋ C＋ 58 - 61 YXR33 B B＋ A＋＋ A B B＋ C＋ 54 - 58 HAP5R A A A＋ A A B C 58 - 62 HAP10 A＋ A＋ A A A B－ C 62 - 65 HAP40 A＋＋ A＋＋ A－ B A C＋ C 64 - 67 HAP72 A＋＋＋ A＋＋＋ C A－ A C－ D 68 - 71 (A is the uppermost level and + indicates higher performance)

Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels Wear resistance

3 2 -7 Hardness Speci c abrasion volume（mm /mm ・mm）×10 Grade (HRC) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 SLD-MAGIC 62.0 SLD 60.0 ARK1 59.0 SGT 60.0 YCS3 60.0 ACD37 60.0 YXM1 65.5 YXM4 66.0 YXR7 65.0 YXR3 59.0 YXR33 58.0 HAP5R 60.0 HAP10 64.0 Ohgoshi-method wear test Work material : SCM415 HAP40 67.0 Friction distance : 400m Friction speed : 0.76m/s HAP72 70.0 Load : 67N

Toughness

2 2 Bending strength (N/mm ) (kgf/mm ) 6,000 YXR3 600

ARK1 YXR7 HAP10 5,000 500 YXM1 HAP5R 4,000 HAP40 YXM4 400 SLD-MAGIC SLD 3,000 HAP72 SGT V60 300

Bending Strength V50 V40 2,000 Cemented carbide 200

1,000 100 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 Hardness（HRC）

2 2 Charpy impact value (J/cm ) (kgf-m/cm ) 200 20 YXR33

150 15

YXR3 HAP5R 100 10

ARK1 60 6

HAP10 SLD-MAGIC 40 HAP40 YXR7 4

10mm R-notch Charpy impact value SLD YXM1 YXM4 2 20 HAP72

0 0 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 Hardness（HRC）

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 5 YSS Cold Work Tool Steels Characteristics of YSS cold work tool steels Compressive strength Tensile strength

（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2）（N/mm2）（kgf/mm2） 2,600 5,000 260 500 2,400 240

2,200 YXM1 220 SLD 2,000 SLD 200 4,000 Compressive Tensile strength 400 strength 1,800 180

SLD 1,600 160

1,400 0.2％Proof 140 3,000 0.2％Proof stress stress 300 XVC5 1,200 HAP40 120 YXM4 Tensile strength 1,000 100 Compressive strength SLD SLDSLD520○） YXM1 0.02％Proof 800 80 stress 2,000 YXR7 0.02％Proof 200 600 stress 60

YXR3 400 40

200 20

1,000 100 0 0 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Hardness（HRC） Hardness（HRC）

Fatigue strength

（N/mm2） 1,400

HAP5R（62HRC）

1,200

HAP10（65HRC） YXR33（58HRC）

1,000 Stress

YXR7（62HRC） 800

SLD（58HRC） SLD-MAGIC （61HRC） YXM1（65HRC） Rotating bending fatigue test 600 104 105 106 107 Number of test cycle

Physical properties

Thermal expansion coefficient Thermal conductivity Young’s modulus Grade ×10−6/℃ 20 - 200℃ W/（m・K） 20℃ GPa

SLD-MAGIC 12.2 16.5 209 SLD 11.2 20.6 211 SGT 13.6 23.3 201 YCS3 14.3 25.9 207 YXM1 11.2 21.0 216 YXR3 11.3 18.7 212 HAP40 10.3 19.3 227

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

Hardening * Please refer to the standard heat-treatment condition of each grade for hardening and quenching condition.

Alloy tool steels, Carbon tool steels High speed tool steels

Quenching temperature Quenching temperature

750 - 800℃ 850℃

Holding time Holding time 500 - 600℃ T 500 - 600℃ T 450 - 550℃ Slow cooling Refer to Refer to (Y×R: rapid cooling) T×2 T×1 the table 30min/25mm T×2 the table 30min/25mm Tempering

About 80˚C First Second Austenitization First Second Austenitization pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating

Holding time at austenitizing temperature Holding time at austenitizing temperature Thickness Thickness ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300 Heating (mm) 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 (mm) furnace Time

Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495 Holding time 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100 Salt bath (min) Magni cation (Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5

Note: If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.

Tempering

Tempering temperature Note1: This standard is applicable to tempering at 500ºC or more. When tempering at 250-500ºC, holding time must be increased to 1.5 times longer and at lower than 250ºC, 2 times longer than the standard. Note2: Tempering is required no less than two times for grades containing no cobalt and at least three times for grades containing cobalt to improve toughness when high temperature tempering is done. T Note3: Because toughness deteriorates, tempering higher than 600ºC must avoid for high-speed tool steels.

Refer to the table

Thickness (mm) ≦25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499

Holding time for tempering (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Annealing

1. All material is delivered as spheroidized annealed condition. 2. After reforging, spheroidizing is to be done before hardening. Please refer to the standard heat treatment conditions. 3. Stress relief annealing is to be done to remove stress caused by cold working such as drawing and rolling and to soften or reduce distortion caused by subsequent hardening. • Heating temperature : 650-700℃ • Holding time : 1h/25mm thickness

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels Standard heat treatment conditions

Heating temperature Grade Hardness as Tempered hardness delivering (HRC) Annealing Hardening Tempering

SLD-MAGIC ≦255 1,010 -1,040 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 250 Air cool ≧60 830 - 880 Slow cooling

SLD ≦248 1,000 -1,050 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 200 Air cool ≧58 830 - 880 Slow cooling

SLD10 ≦248 1,020 -1,070 Air cool 520 - 550 Air cool ≧62 830 - 880 Slow cooling

ARK1 ≦248 1,010 -1,040 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 250 Air cool ≧58 830 - 880 Slow cooling

SGT ≦217 800 - 850 Oil quench 150 - 200 Air cool ≧60 750 - 780 Slow cooling

YCS3 ≦212 790 - 850 Oil quench 150 - 200 Air cool ≧63 750 - 780 Slow cooling Cold work tool steels ACD37 ≦235 830 - 870 Air cool 150 - 200 Air cool ≧58 750 - 800 Slow cooling

HMD5 ≦235 Flame hardening 940 - 1100℃ ─ 825 - 875 Slow cooling （1）1,200 -1,240 Oil quench 550 - 570 Air cool ≧63 800 - 880 Slow cooling YXM1 ≦255 （2）1,160 -1,200 （1）1,230 -1,250 YXM4 Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧64 800 - 880 Slow cooling ≦277 （2）1,210 -1,230 （1）1,160 -1,180 YXR7 Oil quench 540 - 580 Air cool ≧62 800 - 880 Slow cooling ≦241 （2）1,120 -1,160 （1）1,150 -1,170 Oil quench 560 - 590 Air cool ≧57 800 - 880 Slow cooling YXR3 ≦241 （2）1,130 -1,150

High speed tool steels YXR33 ≦241 1,080 -1,140 Oil quench 550 - 600 Air cool ≧54 800 - 880 Slow cooling

HAP5R ≦269 1,120 -1,160 Oil quench 530 - 580 Air cool ≧58 820 - 870 Slow cooling （1）1,170 -1,190 Oil quench 550 - 580 Air cool ≧63 820 - 870 Slow cooling HAP10 ≦269 （2）1,120 -1,170 （1）1,190 -1,210 Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧66 820 - 870 Slow cooling HAP40 ≦277 （2）1,120 -1,190 HAP72 ≦352 1,180 -1,210 Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧68 820 - 870 Slow cooling P/M High speed tool steels

(1) Simple shape tools (2) Tools of complicated shape, requiring toughness in particular * Specimen size is 15mm squire or round by 20 mm long in accordance with JIS standard hardness test.

Hardenability

The maximum diameter of a round bar stock that obtains 60 HRC hardness at Half temperature time : Time required for cooling from quenching temperature to its center by quenching. {(quenching temperature + room temperature) / 2} 70

Cooling Air cool Oil quench 60 Grade YXR7（1,180℃） SGT（850℃） SLD-MAGIC φ170 φ550 50 YXM1（1,180℃） SLD φ170 φ550 SLD（1,025℃） ACD37 φ120 ─ 40 SGT φ８ φ7 0

YXM1 φ２０ φ180 （HRC） Hardness 30 YXR7 φ１７０ φ550 HAP10 ─ φ180 20 8φ※ 2 0φ※ 170φ※ 7 0φ☆ 180φ☆ 550φ☆ 10 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1,000

Half temperature time (min) 〔※：Air cool, ☆：Oil quench〕

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels

Quenched and tempered hardness curves SLD-MAGIC SLD SGT YCS3

70 70 70 70

1,050℃ Oil quench 820℃ Oil quench 65 65 1,050℃

1,030℃ 850℃ 1,025℃ 60 60 60 60

1,000℃ 800℃ 55 55

825℃ 1,010℃ Hardness （HRC） Hardness Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness 50 50 50 50

45 45

40 40 40 40 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）

YXM1 YXR7 YXR3 YXR33

68 68 66 62 1,240℃ 1,180℃ 1,220℃ 64 60 66 66 1,160℃ 62 58 1,140℃ 1,140℃ 1,200℃ 64 64 60 1,175℃ 56 1,150℃ 1,125℃ 1,120℃ 58 54 62 62 1,080℃ 56 52 1,180℃ 1,120℃ Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness 60 60 54 50

1,160℃ 52 48 58 58 50 46

56 56 48 44 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 550 600 700 500 550 600 650

Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）

HAP5R HAP10 HAP40 HAP72 68 70 70 72 1,200℃ 1,180℃ 66 68 1,180℃ 68 1,160℃ 1,140℃ 70 1,160℃ 1,120℃ 1,160℃ 1,140℃ 66 1,180℃ 64 1,160℃ 1,120℃ 66 68 1,200℃ 1,140℃ 62 64 64 1,220℃ 66 60 62 62 Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness （HRC） Hardness Hardness （HRC） Hardness 64 58 1,120℃ 60 60

62 56 58 58

54 56 56 60 500 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600 Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃） Tempering temperature（℃）

Heat treatment of YSS cold work tool steels Dimensional change after heat treatment Dimensional changes after heat treatment of cold dies steel

0.10 SLD longitudinal direction Radial direction 0.25 SLD-MAGIC longitudinal 0.05 direction Longitudinal direction 0.20

0.00 SLD-MAGIC width direction 0.15

－ 0.05 0.10 SLD width direction

Dimensional changes rate (%) － 0.10 0.05 Dimensional changes rate (%)

－ 0.15 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 SLD-MAGIC SLD SGT YCS3 YXM1 YXR3 HAP40 Tempering temperature 2hr, twice (℃). Specimen： 50T×100W×200L Quenching temperature 1,030℃ 1,030℃ 825℃ 800℃ 1,200℃ 1,150℃ 1,130℃ Rolling direction 200L Tempening 500℃ 510℃ 200℃ 200℃ 575℃ 570℃ 570℃ temperature Quenching ： 1030℃ Tempering ： 2hr., twice

The retained austenite

30 YXM1 1260℃ quenching

25 SLD-MAGIC 1030℃ quenching 20 SLD 1030℃ quenching

10 SGT 825℃ oil quenching 5

Volume ratio of retained austenite (%) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering temperature, twice（℃）

Secular change and stabilizing treatment Secular change and sub-zero treatment on cold work tool steel

0.10 0.10 Stabilizing： 400℃×2hr. Stabilizing： 400℃×2hr.

0.08 0.08 SLD Tempering only Tempering only 0.06 0.06 Sub-zero treatment (−75ºC) -tempering SLD-MAGIC 0.04 0.04 Tempering only

0.02 0.02

0.00 0.00

SLD-MAGIC SLD Sub-zero treatment(−75ºC) -tempering+stabilizing Tempering + stabilizing Tempering + stabilizing －0.02 －0.02 Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%) 460 480 500 520 540 Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%) 460 480 500 520 540

Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃） Tempering temperature 2hr, twice（℃）

Improvement processes of YSS cold work tool steels in terms of hardness and dies for various applications Flowchart to improve die life of cold work tool steels

Countermeasure SLD-MAGIC YXM1 HAP40 HAP72 for wear （61～62）（62）（64）（68）

YXR7 （62） HAP10 Countermeasure for SLD-MAGIC （64） HAP40 HAP72 plastic deformation （）（）（61～62） YXR7 66 68 YXM1 （64）（62） SLD （60） In case sinking and wear YXR3 resitance is not at issue YXR3 YXR33 （60） in mold life （58）（58） Countermeasure for crack YXR7 In case sinking and wear （60） resistance is critical HAP5R in mold life SLD-MAGIC （60）（60）

SLD-MAGIC YXR3 YXR33 HAP5R Low cycle （60）（60）（57）（60） Countermeasure for fatigue failure

High cycle SLD-MAGIC YXR7 HAP40 （60）（62～64）（64）

Remark : (HRC: rough standard hardness)

Flowchart to reduce die cost of cold work tool steels

Reduction of SLD-MAGIC ARK1 machining cost （60）（59） SLD （60）

Reduction of heat SLD-MAGIC HMD5 HI-PM MAGIC treatment cost （60）（60）（40）

Decrease of dimensional Flame hardening Pre-hardened changes after heat treatment

Isotropy tool steels are so named becase the difference in mechanical properties between its longitudinal (forging or rolling direction) and transverse directions is reduced, thus overcoming a weak point of ordinarily processed steels. This technological concept, which is highly evaluated by users of tool steels, is applied for the production of all our steels and contributes signi cantly to stabilizing their characteristics and enhance their service life.

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11 High Quality Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC

SLD-MAGIC is the high performance cold work die steel attaining both improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication. SLD-MAGIC Features Wear resistance High hardness of 62HRC improves wear resistance by approximately 35%* Surface treatment Adherence between the coating layer and steel after surface treatment (CVD and other methods) is improved by approximately 30%* Heat treatment Minimal deformation during heat treatment for a reduction of approximately 40%* in dimensional changes Machinability Machinability improved by approximately 35%*

*Hitachi Metals comparison: Comparison against 8%Cr steel (Hitachi Metals product name:SLD8), a modi ed steel of SKD11 Concept Relationship Good

SKD11 SLD-MAGIC SLDTM

8%Cr Steel Wear resistance Wear 10%Cr Steel ARK1

Machinability Good

Effect Comparison of Properties

Reduces reworking man-hours through minimal SLD- Grade 8%Cr 10%Cr SKD11 heat and surface treatment deformations. MAGIC Steel Steel

Prevents scuffing of high-tensile steels during Hardness (HRC) 60-62 61-63 59-61 58-60 bending and drawing. Wear resistance A B B A Improve mold lifespan. Surface treatment** A C C B Shortens mold processing time via enhanced machinability. Toughness B B C C Reduces direct purchasing cost by + improvement lifespan of cutting tool. Machinability B C B D

Dimensional change by heat treatment A C C B

Weldability B B C C

Excellent “A” Poor “D” **Surface treatment properties are based on adherence between the coating layer and steel after surface treatment.

8%Cr steel and 10%Cr steel offer improved machinability for better processing that reduces the volume of hard carbides within steel, but are inferior to SKD11 in terms of wear resistance and galling. The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 2 YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC

Wear resistance Ohgoshi-method wear test Wear resistance SLD-MAGIC increases wear resistance by is improved. SLD-MAGIC 62HRC approx. 35% compared with 8%Cr steel due to the control of carbide morphology. 8%Cr steel 62.5HRC

10%Cr steel 60HRC

SKD11 60HRC Work material: SCM415 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Friction distance: 400m (mm3/mm2.mm) Friction speed: 0.76m/s Speci c wear volume Load: 67N

Scufﬁng resistance Scufﬁng Observation

SLD-MAGIC shows less scuf ng on Mold surface Work Surface Hat Testing simulating practical mold wear phenomena.

SLD-MAGIC Less scuffing

SKD11 Scuffing

Scufﬁng Test Scuf ng Test Conditions Press : 80ton Cranck Press Initiation point and Velocity V : 40-75spm(19.2-36m/min) 2 Bead direction of scufﬁng Holding Pressure Ps : -2.4ton/cm Length of Stroke : 60mm Lubricant : Anti-rustoil applied and wiped away

Observation Work : High-tensile-strength steel direction (590MPa) Punch Thickness 1.6mm (No plating) Appearance of Die Surface Roughness of the mold: work Sample Holding Polished by #1000 (Ra=0.04mm) Pressure Work

Schematic of test conditions

Toughness 10R-notched Charpy impact value SLD-MAGIC is superior to SKD11 in toughness. Low temp.: 200ºC It can be used as a countermeasure to chipping Low temp. Toughness High temp.: 510-520ºC SLD-MAGIC tempering is higher and cracking with low temp. tempering. High temp. tempering

8%Cr Steel

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

0 10 20 30 40 10R-notched Charpy impact value (J/cm2)

Surface treatment Coating Layer by CVD method SLD-MAGIC can be treated with hard coating (CVD, TD treatment etc.) under the same conditions as SKD11. Thickness : around 8μm

50μm

SLD-MAGIC shows improved adherence Adherence between the coating layer and steel after between the coating layer and steel after 3-time CVD treatment. 3-time surface treatment by approx. 30% when Scratch test Index (SKD11=100) compared with 8%Cr steel, due to optimum SLD-MAGIC Improved adherence alloy design. 8%Cr Steel

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

60 70 80 90 100 110 Adherence Index

Fatigue strength Rotating bending fatigue test 2 SLD-MAGIC shows improved fatigue strength (N/mm ) 1100 in comparison to SKD11 due to the control of SLD-MAGIC carbide morphologies. 1000 (61HRC)

900 8%Cr Steel ( ) Stress 800 62HRC

700 SKD11 600 (60HRC)

500 103 104 105 106 107 Cycles

Physical Properties

20-100ºC 20-200ºC Room temperature Thermal expansion Thermal coefﬁcient conductivity ×10-6/ ºC 11.7 12.2 W/m·K 16.5

Annealed Quenched and tempered Young's modulus Speciﬁc gravity GPa 209 7.77 7.76

Ac1 Ms temperature Transformation temperature 850ºC 166ºC

Heat Treatment Standard Heat Treatment Conditions It is possible to heat treat SLD-MAGIC Annealed Hardening Tempering Hardness under the same conditions as SKD11. Hardness (HRC) 480-530ºC 255HBW 1010 -1040ºC Air cooling or 60HRC or under Air quenching 150-250ºC or over Air cooling

Quenched and tempered hardness (HRC) It is possible to obtain maximum SLD-MAGIC hardness (60-62HRC) with tempering at 66 SKD11 around 500ºC where dimensional change 64

is near to zero, achieving both high 62 8%Cr Steel hardness and less dimensional change. 60

Hardness 58 10%Cr Steel 56

54 Quenching 1030ºC 52 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 (ºC) Tempering temperature 2hr, twice

Dimensional change after heat treatment

(%) Secular change of SLD-MAGIC after high SKD11 temp. tempering is almost equivalent to 10%Cr Steel that of SKD11, and smaller than 8% Cr 0.10 steel. It is possible to reduce secular 8%Cr Steel change via low temp. tempering, subzero SLD-MAGIC 0.05 *A treatment or stabilizing*.

*Heat treatment process to add middle temp. tempering after high temp. tempering for the 0 purpose of reducing seculer distortion. *A Dimensional change rate Quenching 1030ºC *B -0.05 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering temperature 2hr, twice (ºC)

*A: Minor dimensional change *B: Minor dimensional change with maximum hardness

Secular change / Dimensional growth

Low temp. tempering SLD-MAGIC High temp. tempering

8%Cr Steel

10%Cr Steel

Size of test pieces: 45T × 90W × 200L SKD11 Austenitizing: 1030ºC Low temp. tempering: 180ºC × 2times High temp. tempering: 520ºC × 2times -0.005 0 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 Measure: 200mm direction Dimensional change rate (%) Dimensional change after 6 months posterior heat treatment

Heat Treatment The difference of quenching temperature

(HRC) SLD-MAGIC shows stable both high Quenching temperature hardness and very little dimentional 64 change at around 1020-1030˚C 62 hardening temperature. 1000℃ 60

58 Hardness 1030℃ 56 1050℃ 54

50 As 100 200 300 400 500 600 quenched (˚C) Tempering temperature 2hr, twice

The subzero treatment and hardness To add subzero treatment, SLD-MAGIC (HRC) can achieve high hardness (62HRC) by 62 both high and low temp. tempering. To with subzero combine subzero and stabilizing 60 treatment is very effective for reducing 58 secular distortion. without subzero Hardness 56

54 Quenching 1030˚C ⇒ subzero -75˚C 52 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 (˚C) Tempering temperature 2hr, twice

The retained austenite SLD-MAGIC shows almost the same (%) 23 decomposition behavior of the retained 20 austenite, as that of conventional SKD11. 15 SLD-MAGIC 10 SKD11 5 8%Cr Steel

The retained austenite The retained 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 (˚C) Tempering temperature 2hr, twice

Heat Treatment Secular change / Dimensional change Small difference SLD-MAGIC shows smaller in dimentional between L and W direction change difference in the longitudinal, SLD-MAGIC width and thickness directions, compared to SKD11 or 8%Cr steels. Upper L (Longitudinal) 8%Cr Steel Lower W (Width)

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

-0.05 0 0.05 0.1 Dimensional change ratio (%)

Deviation comparison of dimensional changes of actual mold after heat treatment. SLD-MAGIC shows narrow deviation of dimensional changes by heat treatment, as SLD-MAGIC SKD11 Standard deviation : 0.021 Standard deviation : 0.042 a result, the better dimensional tolerance Number of measurement : 70 Number of measurement : 70 can be attained. -0.1 -0.1 Narrow deviation Wide deviation

0 0 Dimensional change by heat treatment (%) by heat treatment 0.1 0.1 0 5 10 15 0 5 10 15 Frequency Frequency

Example of dimensional change for insert type mold. For example, in case of separation type molds, mold set up time was largely Original Dimensional Dimensional Mold set up Grade Direction dimension change change ratio time decreased because of narrow dimensional (mm) (mm) (%) deviation. W 295 -0.030 -0.010 54% reduction 46 of mold SLD-MAGIC ajusting time L 250 +0.010 +0.004 after heat treatment

W 295 -0.090 -0.031 SKD11 100(Index) L 250 +0.130 +0.052

Width

Longitudinal

Machinability SLD-MAGIC improves machinability on ø125 Face Mill face mill by over twice that of SKD11 and Work: Annealed condition by approx. 35% compared to 8%Cr Machinability Tool: Coated carbide chip, SLD-MAGIC is improved 1chip only steel. Cutting speed: 120m/min, Dry It also demonstrates superior 8%Cr Steel Feed: 0.13mm/blade machinability using other tools. Depth of cut: 2Z × 90Wmm, Cutting distance: 4m Mold processing time is expected shorten due to good machinability. 10%Cr Steel The direct purchasing cost of tools is expected reduce by improvement SKD11 lifespan of cutting tools. 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Tool wear (mm)

End Mill Work: Annealed condition Tool: End mill ø8 (Co-HSS) SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 30m/min, Down- cut, Wet Feed: 0.05mm/tooth Z W 8%Cr Steel Depth of cut: 15 × 0.5 mm, Cutting distance: 5m

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Tool wear (mm)

Drill Work: Annealed condition Tool: Drill ø5 (Co-HSS) SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 20m/min, Wet Feed: 0.05mm/rev Depth of hole: 25mm, 200Holes 8%Cr Steel

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Tool wear (mm)

ø63 High feed cutter Work: Annealed condition Tool: Coated carbide chip SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 150m/min, Dry Feed: 1.3mm/tooth Depth of cut: 1mm, 8%Cr Steel Cutting distance: 60m

10%Cr Steel

SKD11

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 Tool wear (mm)

Machinability SLD-MAGIC can enhance tool lives because of lower cutting tool temperatures. Cutting tool temperature comparison CEPR6080 (ultra ne particle WC) (ø8 × 6NT TiAIN)

200 Color of chips SKD11 180

160 10%Cr steel 140 8%Cr steel Gold SLD-MAGIC 120

100 SLD-MAGIC 80 n=3981min-1(V=100m/min) 60 Ap=12mm Ae=0.4mm OH=25mm 40 Dry with Air Blow KITAMURA M/C 11kw

Blue at tool surface ( ºC ) Temperature 20 (Tempered color) 0 1 2 3 4 (m)

SKD11 Cutting length

Grindability comparison as a function of Grindability diffenent grinding wheels Grindability of SLD-MAGIC is better than ①Grinding Test Conditions those of SKD11 and 10%Cr steel, and a • Work 50 × 90 × 200L SLD-MAGIC b (Heat treated condition) almost equivalleut to 8%Cr steel. c • Machine: Reciprocal Type • Grinding Wheel 8%Cr Steel ②Grinding Conditions • Wet Traverse Grinding 10%Cr Steel • Velocity of Wheel 33m/sec Grinding Wheel • Table velocity 0.33m/sec a: Alumina Single Crystal • Undercut 5μm/pass • Cross Field 5mm/lap b: Alumina • Spark out 1lap SKD11 c: Alumina + Other ceramics • Total undercut 0.1mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ◇ Grinding ratio: Ground off Grindability ratio amount/wear of wheel ◇ Grinding ratio is higher the better

Application Examples By achieving both improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication, SLD-MAGIC will contribute to reducing total cost and shortening delivery times of the automobile and mold industries.

Present condition Evaluation

01 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC

Hardness 59-61HRC 60-62HRC Bending die for Scuf ng automotive parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering Inner parts Work 440MPa (t3.2) Surface treatment CVD (TiC) CVD (TiC) Lifespan 1,300 pcs 156,000 pcs Mold lifespan signi cantly Cause Severe galling Less galling improved

Present condition Evaluation 02 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC

Blanking die for Hardness 58-60HRC 58-60HRC automotive parts Heat treatment 170ºC Tempering 170ºC Tempering Function parts Work 590MPa (t7.0) Machinability Bad Good Chipping Lifespan 15,000 pcs Max. 40,000 pcs carrying on Mold lifespan more than doubles Cause Severe chipping Less chipping

Present condition Evaluation 03 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC

Hardness Blanking die for 58-60 HRC 58-60 HRC electrical Heat treatment 530ºC Tempering 530ºC Tempering appliances Machinability Bad Good Electrical appliances Work Film Lifespan 650,000 pcs 1,020,000 pcs Mold lifespan around 50% up Cause Early wear out Less wear

Present condition Evaluation 04 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC

Blanking die for Hardness 60-62HRC 60-62HRC electrical Heat treatment 200ºC Tempering 480ºC Tempering appliances Machinability Bad Good Optical parts Work SPCC (t0.8) Lifespan 100,000 pcs 100,000 pcs carrying on Mold lifespan almost doubles Cause Burr (Wear out) Reduce wear by half

Present condition Evaluation 05 Grade 8%Cr Steel SLD-MAGIC

Blanking die for Hardness 60-62HRC 60-62HRC electrical Heat treatment 505ºC Tempering 480ºC Tempering

appliances Dimensional change within 0.05% -0.01-0.02% Liquid crystal panel parts Work SUS304 (t0.3) Lifespan 30,000 pcs 40,000 pcs carrying on Mold lifespan around 30% up Cause Burr (Wear out) Less wear

Note: The above-listed data is for application examples only and this data does not assure performance. It is not suited for molds with EDM nished surface that require a high degree of mirror nish such as plastic molds.

06 Present condition Evaluation Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC Die for Hardness 56HRC 58HRC hydroforming Exhawst pipe Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering Work Steel tube Distortion by Very hard to adjusting the upper Reduction of adjusting time of Mold adjusting time is reduced heat treatment and lower die blocks clue to the upper and the lower die because of small dimension large dimensional changes blocks change of upper and lower die blocks by heat treatment Machinability Bad Improved. Adjusting is nished only by one chip used.

Present condition Evaluation

07 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC Die for cold press Hardness 58~60HRC 60-62HRC Automobile parts High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering Heat treatment Large dimensional Deviation is reduced to 1/2. Work Hight-tensile change Ajusting time is reduced -strength steel Surface treatment TD TD

Ball End Miuing The number of exchanged chips is Cause Exchanging chips quite reduced to 1/5-1/10 compared to SKD11. Small dimension deviation offen Feed rate is increased to 1.7 times.

Present condition Evaluation

08 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC Die for cold press Hardness 58-60HRC 60-62HRC Inner parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering Work 440MPa (t2.3) Surface treatment TD Dimensional Changes by TD is within 5/100 Lifespan 5,500 pcs Continuing beyond 15,000 Mold Iifespan is improved by almost 3 times. Problem Scuf ng

Present condition Evaluation

09 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC Die for cold press Hardness 59-61HRC 60-62HRC Inner parts Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering Work 780MPa (t2.3) Dimensional Changes Surface treatment TD by TD is small The life of chips used is 10 times Machinability Bad Small dimension changes longer than SKD11 cases. after TD treatment Machinabiliry and Problem dimension change

Present condition Evaluation

10 Grade SKD11 SLD-MAGIC Die for cold press Hardness 59-60HRC 59-60HRC Insert blocks Heat treatment High temp. Tempering High temp. Tempering

Deformation of All 26 pieces deformed Only 1 piece out of 26 pieces datum plane over 0.02mm deformed 0.02mm. Adjustment time is reduced because of redaced the number Adjustment time 100 min. 0 min. of deformed blocks.

Chemical compositions of YSS hot work tool steels

Grade Chemical composition (%)

JIS equivalent C Si Mn Ni Cr W Mo V Others

DAC SKD61 0.4 1.0 0.4 － 5.2 － 1.3 0.9

DAC-MAGIC SKD61 modiﬁed Original steel

DAC10 SKD61 modiﬁed 0.3 0.3 0.6 － 5.2 － 2.7 0.9

Other special DAC55 SKD61 modiﬁed 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.6 5.2 － 2.2 0.8 elements added

DAC3 SKD61 modiﬁed 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 5.1 － 1.6 0.7

DAC40 SKD7 modiﬁed 0.4 0.5 0.5 － 4.3 0.7 2.1 0.9

Other special YEM-K SKD7 modiﬁed 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.9 3.4 － 2.5 0.6 elements added

Other special MDC-K SKD8 modiﬁed 0.4 0.3 0.5 － 4.4 2.0 1.6 1.7 elements added

FDAC SKD61 free cutting 0.3 1.0 0.7 － 5.2 － 1.3 0.4 S：0.1

DM SKT4 0.5 0.3 0.9 1.8 1.3 － 0.4 0.2

YXR33 Matrix HSS 0.5 0.2 0.5 － 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2

※Impurities such as P and S are controlled below the levels speciﬁed in JIS by using Hitachi Metals' own high-qualtity raw materials.

●Toughness of Isoropy DAC Isotropy tool steels are so named becase the diﬀerence in mechanical properties between its longitudinal (forging or rolling direction) and L transverse directions is reduced, thus overcoming a 1 T weak point of ordinarily processed steels. This L technological concept, which is highly evaluated by users of tool steels, is applied for the production of notch Charpy I-Value all our steels and contributes signiﬁcantly to - T stabilizing their characteristics and enhance their 0.5 service life. Index of 2 mm U

Hardness ：47HRC L：Longitudinal direction T： Transverse direction Isotropy DAC SKD61

Applications of YSS hot work tool steels

Recommended YSS steel Application Standard hardness for general use for mass production use

ｆor Aluminium alloys DAC DAC-MAGIC, DAC10 41- 51HRC ｆor Magnesium alloys FDAC（38 - 42HRC） DAC55 ｆor Zinc alloys 41- 49HRC DAC, FDAC（38 - 42HRC）ｆor Copper alloys 41- 49HRC MDC-K 40 - 50HRC DAC − Core pin for die casting 52 - 58HRC −

or die casting YXR33 ｆ Sleeve Nitriding ＞64HRC DAC Goose neck for Magnesium 35 - 45HRC AHD32 for Aluminium 45 - 49HRC DAC DAC3, DAC40 Dies for Copper 45 - 49HRC DAC, MDC-K HRD10（56 - 60HS） for Aluminium 44 - 50HS DM DAC, DAC3 Container tyre for Copper 44 - 50HS DM DAC for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3 Outer sleeve for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC YEM-K for Aluminium 60 - 69HS DAC, DAC3 YEM-K Inner sleeve (Liner) for pure Copper 46 - 60HS HRD20（46 - 51HS） HRD10（56 - 60HS） for Brass 46 - 51HS HRD20 for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3、YAG300（69 - 75HS） Stem for Copper 60 - 69HS DAC DAC3 for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3

or extrusion tool Die holder

ｆ for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC, DAC3 HRD10（56 - 60HS） Die backer for Aluminium or copper 60 - 65HS DM, DAC DAC3 for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3 Mandrel for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC YEM-K for Aluminium 60 - 65HS DAC DAC3 Dummy block for Copper 60 - 65HS DAC, DAC3 HRD10（56 - 60HS） Mandrel holder for Aluminium or copper 60 - 65HS DM, DAC DAC3 Bolster for Aluminium or copper 55 - 60HS DM, DAC DAC3 for small size dies 55 - 65HS DAC, DAC3 YEM-K, MDC-K ｆor press forging for middle size dies 52 - 62HS for large size dies 46 - 56HS DAC DAC3 for small size dies 55 - 59HS ｆor hammer forging for middle size dies 53 - 57HS DM for large size dies 50 - 55HS or forging die

ｆ Warm forging dies 50 - 59HRC MDC-K YXR3, YXR33 Header dies*1 45 - 49HRC YEM-K MDC-K Upset tool 46 - 50HRC DAC YEM-K Shear blade*2 37 - 45HRC DAC, DM ─ Glass molds 28 - 45HS HI-PM38 ZHD11, SUS310S Glass shear ＞80HS YXM1 ─ *1 Use for bolt hot forming *2 Use for thick billet shearing

Types and features of YSS hot work tool steels

Grade Features JIS equivalent

Standard grade for general use with good balance of toughness, strength at DAC SKD61 elevated temperature and with excellent hardenability.

High performance die steel for die casting with well balanced strength and DAC-MAGIC SKD61 modiﬁed toughness and strength at elevated temperature. Excellent heat crack and stress corrosion crack resistance.

Excellent heat crack and wear resistance at elevated temperature. Steel for DAC10 SKD61 modiﬁed precision die casting and hot press die.

DAC55 SKD61 modiﬁed Die casting die steel with excellent heat crack resistance and toughness.

Hot work tool steel with higher toughness than DAC for Al extrusion dies with high DAC3 SKD61 modiﬁed hardness or hot forging press dies with good crack resistance.

Al extrusion die steel with higher strength and better softening resistance at DAC40 SKD7 modiﬁed elevated temperature than DAC.

Hot work tool steel with higher toughness and strength at elevated temperature YEM-K SKD7 modiﬁed than SKD7 for forging die of mass production use such as hot former.

High strength hot work tool steel with higher toughness than SKD8 for high heat MDC-K SKD8 modiﬁed load applications such as Cu extrusion and Cu alloy die casting dies.

Free cutting hot work tool steel (supplied in prehardened condition) for dies of FDAC SKD61free cutting small production use or dies associated parts requiring good machinability.

Hot work tool steel with excellent toughness, used for hammer forging dies, DM SKT4 Aluminium forge dies, forging bolsters and extrusion die backers, etc.

Matrix-type high speed steel with high toughness. Excellent strength and wear YXR33 Matrix HSS resistance at elevated temperature and excellent erosion resistance. Steel for warm and hot precision forging dies and insert pins for die casting.

Characteristics of YSS hot work tool steels Characteristics of hot work tool steels

YXR33 Warm forging ： Standard steel (JIS equivalent) ： Original steel

MDC-K Precision hot forging SKD8 high SKD5 SKD4 YEM-K SKD7 Hot former DAC40

DAC10 DAC-MAGIC

DAC55 Aluminium extrusion Hot press/forging dies Die casting DAC3 DAC

Strength at high temperature FDAC (SKD61) Prehardened steel

DM Hammer forging, (SKT4) Extrusion auxiliary tool

Toughness high

Comparison of properties

Strength at elevated Grade Softening resistance Toughness Wear resistance Hardenability temperature

DAC C C A C A DAC-MAGIC B B A＋ B A

DAC10 B B A B A

－－－ DAC55 B B A＋ B A DAC3 C＋ C＋ A＋ C＋ A+

DAC40 B＋ B＋ B＋ B＋ B+

－－－－ YEM-K A A B A A

MDC-K A A C A B

FDAC C C C C ─ DM D D A＋＋ D B YXR33 A＋ A＋ C A＋ B

Ratings: AーBest CーOrdinary DーPoor (Remarks) Please use above ratings only for general reference.

Properties of YSS hot work steels

Work material flow direction Hot forging die wear mechanism "microstructure" and influencing Surface oxide film Loss by plastic flow White layer Crack opening Spalling off from factors. re-hardened boundry layer Re-hardend layer Heat affected Heated up above A1 layer （ transformation point ）

Black layer

Lower hardness layer Progress of crack into the inside Progress and conﬂuence of cracks

Extent of impact on die damage Properties Inﬂuencing factors Sliding wear Softening to abration Minor crack → Catastrophic crack

Area ratio of carbides Slinding property of die surface (Friction property) ○

A1 point Anti-rehardenability ○ △

Strength at elevated temperature Deformation resistance ○ ○

Toughness Catastrophic crack resistance ○

DAC DAC3 48HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 51HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1 A1 point 840 800 A1 point 840 800 （℃）（℃） 20 300 400 500 600 20 300 400 500 600 40 Tensile strength 40 Tensile strength 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) High -temperature strength 80 High -temperature strength 80 100 100 (Index of charpy impact value) (Index of charpy impact value)

Toughness Toughness

YEM-K YXR33 50HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 57HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)

4 4

3 3

2 2

Toughness Toughness

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 6 YSS Hot Work Tool Steels Properties of YSS hot work steels

Tensile strength at elevated temperature Tempering parameter

2,400

2,200 YXR33 600 MDC-K 2,000 YEM-K DAC（50HRC） DAC 1,800 DM ） 2 1,600 YXR33 500 （58HRC） 1,400 YXR33 1,200 （55HRC） DAC（44HRC） 400 1,000 DAC（40HRC） YEM-K （44HRC） Hardness （HV） 800 Tensile strength （N/mm Tensile strength 600 300 400 P=T (20+log t) /103 200 T : Temperature（K） t : Time（h） 0 200 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 17 18 19 20 21 22 Testing temperature（℃） Tempering parameter

Charpy impact value at room temperature Quenching speed vs charpy I-value

J/cm2 kgf・m/cm2 80 70 8

DAC-MAGIC 70 7 ）

2 60 Oil quench Half temperature time 60 6

（J/cm 15min 50 30min DAC3 50 5 40 45min 60min DAC 40 4

30 YEM-K 30 3

20 20 2 Quenching temperature： YXR33 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value

2mm U-notch Charpy impact value 10 1,020℃（YXR33；1,080℃） Oil quench 10 1 Material：DAC Quenching temperature：1,020℃

0 0 0 40 45 50 55 60 40 44 48 52 Hardness（HRC） Hardness（HRC）

Half temperature time :Time required for cooling from quenching temperature to (Quenching temperature + Room temperature)/2

Fatigue strength (Rotating bending fatigue test by Transition property of charpy impact value Ono method) N/mm2 2 J/cm kgf-m/cm2 800 kgf/mm2 80 Quenching temperature：1,020℃×30min 80 8 750 75 70 7 Oil quench

Hardness：44HRC 700 Room temperature 60 6 70 400℃ HTT(Half temperature time) 30min

50 5 650 65

40 4 Stress 600 60 500℃ 30 3 HTT 60min 550 55 20 2 2mm V-notch Charpy impact value 500 Heat treatment 50 Quenching : 1,030℃ Air cool 10 1 Tempering : 580℃×1H×2 Material：DAC Hardness : 50HRC Material：DAC 450 0 0 45 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 105 106 107 108 Testing temperature（℃） Number of rotations till fracture (times)

Standard heat treatment conditions for YSS hot work tool steels

Quenching and Heat treatment condition（℃） Annealed Hardness tempering hardness Grade Annealing condition（℃） HBW Quenching Tempering HRC

1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC Air cool (Oil quench) Air cool 1,010 - 1,030 550 - 640 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC-MAGIC Air cool (Oil quench) Air cool 1,010 - 1,030 550 - 650 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC10 Oil quench (Air cool) Air cool 1,010 - 1,030 550 - 650 241 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC55 Oil quench (Air cool) Air cool 1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC3 Air cool (Oil quench) Air cool 1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650 229 MAX 50 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling DAC40 Oil quench Air cool 1,000 - 1,050 550 - 650 229 MAX 46 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling YEM-K Oil quench (Air cool) Air cool 1,050 - 1,140 600 - 700 241 MAX 48 MIN 820 - 870 Slow cooling MDC-K Oil quench Air cool

38 - 42 FDAC Prehardened steel (Delivery in hardened condition) －

830 - 880 400 - 650 248 MAX 42 MIN 740 - 800 Slow cooling DM Oil quench Air cool 1,080 - 1,140 550 - 600 241 MAX 54 MIN Slow cooling YXR33 Oil quench Air cool 800 - 880

Quenching and tempering time of YSS die steels 1. Holding time at quenching (1) Preheating time First stage: 500-550℃×quenching holding time×2 Second stage: 750-800℃×same length of quenching holding time

(2) Holding time at quenching

Furnace Thickness (mm) ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300

Vacuum furnace, Salt bath Holding time (min) 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100

Notice : If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.

2. Holding time at tempering

Thickness (mm) ≦25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499

Holding time (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Notice : Tempering is needed more than 2 times.

Quenched and tempered hardness curve

DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55

60 60 60 60

50 50 50 50

Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,030℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ （ HRC ） 40 （ HRC ） 40 （ HRC ） 40 （ HRC ） 40 Hardness Hardness Hardness Hardness

30 30 30 30

20 20 20 20 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃）

DAC3 DAC40 YEM-K MDC-K

60 60 60 60

50 50 50 50

Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,020℃ Quenching temp.：1,070℃ （ HRC ）（ HRC ）（ HRC ）（ HRC ） 40 40 40 40 Hardness Hardness Hardness Hardness

30 30 30 30

20 20 20 20 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃）

DM YXR33 Continuous cooling transformation curves of DAC

60 60 1,100 Quenching temp.：1,030℃ 58 1,000

1,140℃ 900 50 56 Ps 800 1,120℃ ） 54 700 （ ℃ Quenching temp.：850℃ □300mm 600 （ HRC ）（ HRC ） 1,080℃ 40 52 500 Quenching temp.： Temperature

1,080℃, 1,120℃, 1,140℃ Hardness Hardness 400 Bs 50 Ms 300

30 48 200

100 46 0 －60 －20 －10 －5 －3℃/min 1 10 100 1,000 20 44 500 550 600 650 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Time（ min） Tempering temperature（ ℃） Tempering temperature（ ℃）

Guide for selecting YSS die materials (Example)

Hot forging dies

Temperature rising; DAC MDC-K YXR33 600 degrees or less （48 - 52）（50 - 53）（56 - 58） Countermeasures against wear

Signiﬁcant temperature rising; YEM-K MDC-K YXR33 around about （45 - 52）（45 - 53）（56 - 58） DAC 700 degrees （45 - 50）

General use Countermeasures against crack (Lower hardness and rapid quenching) Countermeasures DAC against heat cracks （48 - 52）

Extrusion dies

Anti softening after repeated nitriding DAC40 （45 - 49） DAC （45 - 49）

General use DAC3 Deﬂection, Large die （45 - 52）

Remark 1 : HRC hardness Remark 2 : By surface treatment such as nitriding, the wear resistance is improvable.

Comparison of various nitrided layers

TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D Nitriding property Nitriding depth and form ε phase Grain boundaries in Sulﬁde, oxide layer No compound layer 1,200 （In the case of nitrided （ Compound layer） the nitride layer YEM-K DAC SKD61） DAC3 1,000 YXR33 YEM-K

YXR33

800

0.1mm 0.2mm 0.2mm 0.05～0.1mm （HV） DAC 600 ＞1000HV ＞1000HV ＞1000HV 600～800HV Hardness Heat crack resistance 2 3 3 1 400 DAC3

Flaking resistance 2 3 3 1 200

Nitriding in salt bath 570℃×90min Wear resisitance 2 2 1 3 0 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 Erosion resistance 2 2 1 3 Distance from surface（mm）

Excellent“1”→ Good“2”→ Ordinary“3”

Sulfuration nitriding for hot work die

： Hitachi Improved Nitriding Treatment S-type The Hint-S is a surface treatment technique Sulﬁde layer (Mainly FeS) developed by Hitachi Metals which improves For improved galling and erosion resistance significantly wear and erosion resistance of a die by forming both sulfides and nitrides on its surface. Nitride layer (Mainly Fe2－3N) For improved erosion resistance

Nitrogen diﬀused layer For improved strength of base metal

Simulation test of hot galling resistance Simulation test of erosion resistance (On forging die) (On casting die) Load 250 1.5 Specimen No treatment Gas nitriding with (Nitriding depth 0.30mm) 200 surface Test pieces： treatment φ10×90L Base metal： 1.0 DAC55 （MPa） Friction 150 Hardness： Gas soft nitriding 45HRC (Nitriding depth 0.15mm) Molten metal: AC4C 100 Salt bath sulfuration nitriding Bobbing motion： Temperature: 0.5 90 cycle/min. 750℃ Stroke: 30mm

Work material Erosion ratio (%) 50 Gas soft nitriding SNCM439 Surface pressure （Temperature 600℃） Hint-S No treatment (Nitriding depth 0.30mm) 0 Evaluation method Evaluation method 0 10 20 30 40 0 200 400 600 Time till test piece galled (S) Testing time (min.)

Data sheet

1. Coeﬃcient of thermal expansion Average value from 20℃ to each temperature.（×10-6/℃） Grade HRC 200℃ 400℃ 600℃ DAC 45 11.3 12.2 12.8 DAC-MAGIC 45 11.3 12.3 13.1 DAC10 45 11.2 12.0 12.7 DAC55 45 11.3 12.1 12.8 DAC3 45 11.4 12.3 12.9 DM 42 12.2 13.1 13.4 YXR33 57 11.3 12.2 12.9

2. Thermal conductivity （W/（m・K ）） Grade HRC 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃ DAC 45 24.6 29.1 31.0 32.6 DAC-MAGIC 45 25.7 30.9 34.8 35.8 DAC10 45 26.1 31.1 33.0 34.5 DAC55 45 26.2 29.8 32.7 34.1 DAC3 45 25.2 30.2 31.8 33.7 DM 42 36.0 39.3 37.7 36.0 YXR33 57 25.0 32.4 34.8 35.5

3. Modulus of elasticity （GPa） Grade HRC 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃ DAC 45 210 200 190 170 DAC-MAGIC 45 210 200 190 ─ DAC10 45 210 200 190 170 DAC55 45 210 200 190 ─ DAC3 45 210 200 190 150 DM 42 210 200 190 140 YXR33 57 210 200 190 170

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11 Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series

Characteristics of Diecasting Die Steels In compliance with diversi cation of diecasting technology, variety of steel grades is prepared in order to best t for each individual application.

YXR33 High For insert pins

Advanced Die Steel

DAC10 DAC-MAGIC High strength at Improve both of DAC55 elevated temperature die life and productivity Strength and toughness

Isotropy FDAC SKD61 DAC DAC-S For small lot production Prehardened Steel Standard die steel High quality DAC (Superior H13) HI-PM7 For small lot production HI-PM MAGIC To keep stability of die life Prehardened Steel Strength at elevated temperature Strength

Toughness High

Applications of YSS Die-casting Die Steels and Their Features

Applications YSS Grade Features

Die for Aluminium/Zinc Alloy DAC, DAC-S Strength at elevated temperature and toughness are well balanced. in general use equivalent to JIS SKD61 Good machinability and less deformation after heat treatment 0.4C-5.2Cr-1.3Mo-V High performance die steel which balanced high strength at Advanced Die Steel for DAC-MAGIC elevated temperature and high toughness. Excellent heat crack Die Casting Original steel resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance and better machinability

High performance die, DAC55 Good heat crack resistance Squeeze die 5.2Cr-2.2Mo-V-Ni Higher toughness enables initial hardness of dies much higher.

DAC10 Higher strength at elevated temperature and excellent heat crack For Precision Die Casting 5.2Cr-2.7Mo-V resistance

YXR33 Longer pin life, insert Highest strength at elevated temperature die parts Matrix HSS Excellent erosion resistance 4.2Cr-1.6W-2.0Mo-1.2V

FDAC 40HRC prehardened steel 5.2Cr-1.3Mo-V-S Free cutting steel Die for small lot production, low cost die HI-PM7 Prehardened to 32HRC(HI-PM7), 40HRC(HI-PM MAGIC). Good HI-PM MAGIC machinability and toughness. Least difference of hardness P20 modiﬁed between surface and center of large die.

Heat Crack Appearance

Heat crack Appearance Cross Section

Diecast in general use On the surface of dies Network Temperature of molten material 680℃ 0.1mm 0.1mm

Precision/Hi-Si Al-alloy Diecast On the edge of dies Crack opening Temperature of molten material

760℃ 5mm 0.1mm

Diecast in SQ use At the corner of dies Stress concentration Temperature of molten material 720℃ 0.4mm

Results of Heat Crack Generation Test ＊Number of cycles of heat crack generation and cross section Specimen: φ 90 mm Test procedure: repeated induction heating and cooling by spray water on end face

No. of test cycle cycle Cross section after test cycles YSS Grade HRC 1000 2000 3000

DAC 43

DAC 47

0.5mm heat crack Observation of generation heat crack

DAC 51

DAC55 50 0.5mm

DAC55 53 0.5mm

Mechanical Properties

Tensile Strength at elevated temperature

（MPa）（kgf/mm2） 1,800 Tempering Hardness Quenching：1,020℃×30min 180 50HRC 1,700 Half Temperature Time 30 min 170 Oil Cooling 1,600 160 44HRC 1,500 Tensile Strength 150 1,400 140 1,300 40HRC 130 1,200 120 1,100 110

1,000 100

Tensile Strength 900 90

800 80

700 70

600 60

500 50

400 40

300 30 20

100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Testing Temperature（ ℃）×10min

Tempered hardness vs Yielding Strength at elevated temperature Tempered hardness vs Charpy I - Value

) 500 60 ） Heating：650℃ 2 Quenching : Half temperature time 40min MPa ( 450 （ J/cm DAC-MAGIC DAC10 400 40 DAC55 DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC55 350 DAC DAC10 300 20

250

200 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value 0 Yielding strength at elevated temperature at elevated temperature strength Yielding 42 44 46 48 50 42 44 46 48 50

Hardness（ HRC） Hardness（ HRC）

Physical Properties

Thermal expansion coefﬁcient（ ×10-6/℃） Thermal conductivity Average value from 20℃ to each temperature （W/m･K） Youngs ’modulus YSS Grade （GPa） 200℃ 400℃ 600℃ 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃ DAC 11.3 12.2 12.8 24.6 29.1 31.0 32.6 210 DAC-MAGIC 11.3 12.3 13.1 25.7 30.9 34.8 35.8 210 DAC55 11.3 12.1 12.8 26.2 29.8 32.7 34.1 210 DAC10 11.2 12.0 12.7 26.1 31.1 33.0 34.5 210 YXR33 11.3 12.2 12.9 25.0 32.4 34.8 35.5 210

Standard Quality for Aluminium Diecasting

DAC (JIS SKD61) Quenched and tempered hardness

60 DAC is most widely used as Die for Aluminium and Zinc Diecasting. DAC is hot working tool steel with good balance of strength, toughness and heat 50 resistance. DAC （Quenching 1,020℃ HTT 30min） With introduction of Isotoropy technology DAC has 40

become tougher and more isotropic to help life of （ HRC ） dies longer and stable. 30 Hardness Features 20 *Good balance of both strength at elevated temperature and toughness *Good machinability with less distortion after heat 10 as quenched 400 500 550 600 650 700 treatment Tempering Temperature（ ℃） Applications *General die for Aluminium Diecasting Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value *Die for Zinc Diecasting （J/cm2（）kgf・m/cm2） *Die for low pressure casting 80 8 (Remarks) Both forged and cast steel available for low pressure casting Quenching: 1020 ℃ die in prehardened condition of 30-40HRC. 70 7 Oil cool Half Temperature time 60 6 Hardend hardness 15min 30min *45-48HRC general size dies 50 5 45min *43-46HRC big size dies 60min 40 4

（× ） Quench cooling speed and Microstructure 400 30 3

Oil cool Half Temperature Time

（30min） 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value 20 2

10 1

0 0 40 44 48 52 Hardness（ HRC）

Half Temperature Time Toughness of Isoropy DAC （60min）

Quenching Temperature 1020℃ L Hardness 44HRC 1 T L

T 0.5 I ndex of 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value Hardness：47HRC L：Longitudinal direction T：Transverse direction Isotropy DAC SKD61

Advanced Die Steel for Die Casting

DAC-MAGIC Quenched and tempered hardness of DAC-MAGIC 60 The range of applications of diecast products for weight saving and recycling is expanding while awareness of environmental protection is increasing.

This fact requires bigger diecast products to be 50 produced with higher quality in short cycle. In order to meet such needs, DAC-MAGIC is one of the best

materials for diecasting which has not only good heat （ HRC ） crack resistance but also good toughness and machinability. 40 Hardness Hardness

Features Quenching temperature：1,030℃ *High strength at elevated temperature and excellent Oil Cooling 30 heat crack resistance Half Temperature Time 40 min *High toughness prevents gross crack of die 25 *Improved stress corrosion cracking resistance reduces 300 400 500 600 700

crack problem from cooling channel Tempering Temperature（ ℃） *Better machinability than conventional SKD61 improved steel (high toughness type) possible to reduce manufacturing time and total cost Resistance to stress corrosion cracking Applications 1,100 *Die casting in general use *Squeeze die casting 1,000 *Precision die casting

（ MPa ） 900 Standard Heat Treatment *Quench: 1010-1030℃ rapid cooling Stress SKD61 *Temper: 550℃-640℃ 800 DAC55 Hardness：45HRC

700 Recommended hardness 10,000 50,000 100,000 *45-52HRC small/medium size dies *42-46HRC large size dies Number of crack generation cycles

Heat crack resistance

Number of heat crack generation cycle YSS Grade HRC 1000 2000 3000 (cycle)

DAC-MAGIC 45

DAC55 45

SKD61 45

Specimen: φ 80 mm Test procedure: repeated induction heating and cooling by spray water on end face

For High Performance Diecasting

DAC55 Quenched and tempered hardness 60 DAC55 has been developed in responding to the needs for a longer die life or a steel with good Quenching temperature 55 hardenablity as well as heat crack resistance and 1040℃ toughness for large and medium size dies. 1020℃ 50

1000℃

Features 45

*Good heat crack resistance （ HRC ） *Higher service hardness of 50-53HRC *Higher resistant to crack propagation 40 Hardness Hardness *Higher strength at elevated temperature *Good hardenability 35

Applications 30 *Precision die casting

*Large and medium size dies for die casting 25 *Squeeze die casting as quenched 400 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering Temperature（℃）

Standard Heat Treatment Recommended hardness *Quench 1010 - 1030℃ rapid cooling Hardness *Temper 550℃ - 640℃ Application （HRC） *Hardness 43 - 53HRC Small Die, Squeeze Die 50 - 53 （Anti-Heat Crack） 46 - 50 General Use Die 43 - 46 Large Die（ Priority:Toughness） Quench cooling speed and Microstructure（×400） (Remarks) Recommended hardness may not apply depending on projection or casting conditions Half Temperature Time Oil cool （15min） Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value

5 DAC55 ）

2 4 40 ） 2

m/cm 3 Half Temperature Time ・（30min） 2 DAC 20

Quenching Temperature 1

1020℃ 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value J/cm （ 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value kgf （ 0 46 48 50 52 Hardness Hardness（ HRC） 44HRC

Quench Cooling Speed vs Charpy I-Value （Test Result of 250mm Qubic Block）

40 DAC55 （50HRC））

2 30

20 DAC （45HRC） 10 T-Direction 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value J/cm （

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Half Temperature Time（ min）（1,020℃→520℃ Cooling Time）

For Precision Diecasting

DAC10 Quenched and tempered hardness 60 As material of die for diecast products which requires higher level of surface, heat crack resistance has been intensiﬁed. 50 Most useful for small and medium size dies of their longer life. 40 （ HRC ）

Features 30 *Higher strength at elevated temperature and excellent Hardness heat crack resistance 20 *Good erosion resistance （Quenching 1,020℃ HTT 15min） 10 400 500 550 600 650 700 Applications as quenched *Small / Medium size dies of which O-ring grooves Tempering Temperature（℃） require heat crack resistance *Medium dies for products like headcover which Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value requires good appearance （J/cm2（）kgf・m/cm2） 80 （1,020℃ Quenching） *Small dies for OA components which require erosion 8 resistance 70 7 Oil cool Half Temperature Time Standard Heat Treatment 60 *Quench 1,010-1,030℃ rapid cooling 6 15min *Temper 570℃-610℃ 50 5 *Hardness 44-51HRC 30min 45min 40 4 60min

30 3

Quench cooling speed and Microstructure（×400） 20 2 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value

Oil cool Half Temperature Time (15min) 10 1

0 0 40 44 48 52 Hardness（HRC） *Oil Cool Test Piece Size:10×10×55mm

Half Temperature Time Quench Cooling Speed vs Charpy I-Value （30min）（J/cm2（）kgf・m/cm2） 80 （1,020℃ Quenching） 8 Quenching Temperature 1020℃ 70 7 Hardness 44HRC 60 6

40HRC 50 5

44HRC 40 4 48HRC 30 3 52HRC 20 2 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value

10 1

0 0 Oil cool 15 30 45 60 Half Temperature Time (min)

High Quality DAC (Superior H13)

DAC-S Index of Charpy impact value 700 DAC-S has higher toughness than general-purpose 43HRC DAC-S 600 diecasting die steel DAC, which has excellent resistance to gross crack generation of die. 500

400 DAC 300 Features *Higher toughness than general-purpose diecasting die steel 200 SKD61

DAC Index of Charpy impact value 100 *DAC-S meets a minimum Charpy impact value speci cation 0 of the NADCA 207 - 2003 Superior. 100 200 300 *DAC contributes to the stability of die life Test temperature（℃） *Normalizing DAC as to 100 Applications *Large and medium dies for die casting Fatigue strength of DAC-S 1,400 45HRC Standard Heat Treatment 1,200 *Quench 1,000℃ -1,050℃ rapid cooling 1,000 *Temper 550℃ - 680℃ *Hardness 45- 48HRC (general size dies), 43-46HRC (large size 800 DAC-S dies) 600 DAC Stress （ MPa ） 400

200

0 103 104 105 106 107 108 Number of fracture cycle（Times）

For High Performance Insert Pin YXR33 Specimen after Erosion test by molten casting metal

YXR33 is a HSS with higher toughness which solved breakage problem often existed in SKH51. Fitted for insert Weight loss 46.8％ pin or other inserts exposed to critical wear due to erosion. DAC（48HRC）

Features *Highest strength at elevated temperature among HSS and DAC (48HRC) with Nitriding 14.8％ Alloy Tool Steel. *Toughness is more than 5 times as big as SKH51 YXR33(52HRC) with Nitriding 0.8％ *Excellent nitridability

Erosion test by molten casting metal Applications （Specimen and Testing Condition） *Erosion resistant insert pin *Insert die parts 90rpm Standard Heat Treatment Test 2h Quench 1080℃ -1140℃ oil cool Heater Temper 550℃ - 600℃ Molten Al-Alloy 700℃ Hardness 52 - 58HRC 90mm 10mm 10mm Specimen

FDAC, HI-PM7, HI-PM MAGIC For small lot production

These materials whose strength and toughness are Heat Crack Test（0.5R ditch） less than those of general die-casting die steels (ex. DAC) can be used for dies for small lot production or holding blocks. FDAC is based on chemical composition of DAC with the addition of some Sulfur for machinability. As delivered pre-hardened to 38-42HRC, direct cavity making is possible. HI-PM7 is prehardened to 29-33HRC and has good machinability. HI-PM MAGIC is prehardened to 37-41HRC and has good machinability and toughness. HI-PM7（32HRC） DAC（44HRC） 2,000 Shots 5,016 Shots

Features *Good machinability Mechanical Properties（Reference） *As delivered prehardened, farther heat treatment is necessary YSS Grade Hardness 0.2% Yielding Tensile Elongation Reduction Strength of Area →Possible to reduce manufacturing time and total cost Strength （HRC）（MPa）（MPa）（％）（％）

Applications DAC 40 1,070 1,250 12 58 Die for small lot production, low cost die, holding block FDAC 40 1,060 1,240 11 20 FDAC: priority heat resistance HI-PM7 and HI-PM MAGIC: high toughness and good HI-PM7 32 860 980 20 55 machinability HI-PM MAGIC 40 1,020 1,200 18 45

2mm U-notch Charpy I-Value (Reference)

YSS Grade Hardness Longitudinal direction Transverse direction （HRC）（J/cm2）（J/cm2） DAC 40 58 39 FDAC 40 19 10 HI-PM7 32 65 40 HI-PM MAGIC 40 60 35

Size of Raw Material：280×640 Position of Specimen：w/2×t/4

Machinability of FDAC Cutting condition Face milling Drilling Cutter φ63 Tool HSS Co φ4 Drilling Coated cemented Cutting speed 20m/min Insert carbide Feed 0.1mm/rev

Number of inserts 1 Depth 40mm Blind Face milling Cutting speed 130m/min Coolant Water-Soluble FDA（39HRC） Feed 0.15mm/Tooth DAC（38HRC） Life Number of cutting hole Depth 0.5mm

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Coolant Dry Index of tool life（DAC（38HRC）=1） Life VB=0.3mm

Actual Performance

Die Clamping Comparison of Actual Performance Diecast Products Force Effect YSS Grade (die size mm) Current Application

800 ton DAC（44HRC） DAC（48HRC） Autoparts surface 1.35 times priority 120×210×300 Primary heat crack at 37K shots Primary heat crack at 50K shots

Autoparts DAC-MAGIC 2,500 ton DAC（43HRC） DAC-MAGIC（44HRC） More than Insert heat cracks Less heat cracks 1.5 times

1,250 ton Life span of DAC55, DAC10, material DAC-MAGIC（46HRC） About Autoparts DAC-MAGIC WJ Insert A and material B are 20K- 50K shots Still on service after 100K shots 2 times

Life span of other company material DAC-MAGIC（47-48HRC） More than Autoparts DAC-MAGIC 1,600 ton (46-47HRC) is 29K shots Still on service after 62K shots 2.1 times

Autoparts surface （）（） 2,000 ton DAC 47HRC DAC55 50HRC More than priority DAC55 Heat crack at 60K shots Still on service after 100K shots 1.6 times

Autoparts (thin insert) DAC DAC55 n.a. 2 times DAC55 Breakage at 20K shots More than 40K shots

DAC DAC10 OA Components 250 ton Primary heat crack at 15K Primary heat crack at 24K shots, More than (precision die) DAC10 80×200×300 shots, repair at 30K shots, no griding repair, 1.6 times scrap at 80K shots scrap at 120K shots

DAC DAC10 650 ton OA Components Primary bite at 1K shots, No bite at 10K shots More than (precision die) DAC10 90×215×380 scrap at 30K shots 3 times

DAC YXR33 3 times Autoparts YXR33 Insert Pin Meltdown and galling at 3K Still on service after 10K shot shots

High melting point SKH51（60HRC） YXR33（54HRC）＋ TiN Al-alloy autoparts Insert Pin 10 times Breakage at 2K shots Meltdown at 20K shots YXR33

Machinability

Comparison of machinability by High feed Comparison of machinability by radius milling (annealed) Ball end milling (45HRC) 100 100 Cutting speed Cutting speed：200m/min

80 ：180m/min 80 ： 90m/min 60 60

40 40 Macinability index Macinability index 20 20

0 0 DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55 DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55

φ63 High feed radius mill φ6-R3 Cutting speed = 90,180m/min Coated carbide ball end mill Feed = 2.0mm/tooth Cutting speed = 200m/min Cutting depth = 1.0mm Feed = 0.1mm/tooth Cutting width = 42mm Cutting depth = 0.6mm Cutting width = 0.6mm

Simulated Die Machining Example High feed radius milling

Work State of tool wear Cutting chips

DAC-MAGIC 〈Cutting conditions〉 Tool: ASR4050-4 (Hitachi Tool Engineering) Wear width：0.13 mm TB6045 (φ50-4 teeth) Protrusion = 200mm Cutting speed = 96m/min Feed =1mm/tooth Cutting depth = 0.7mm Rotation = 610min-1 Feeding speed = DAC55 2440mm/min Cut width = 36mm Air blow Wear width：0.25 mm Work = Annealed condition

Ball end milling

Work DAC-MAGIC DAC55

〈Cutting conditions〉 Tool: EPBT2100 (Hitachi Tool Engineering) State of TH coated (φ10-R5) tool wear Protrusion = 200mm Cutting speed = 110m/min Feed = 0.15mm/tooth Cutting depth = 0.5mm Rotation: 3500min-1 Feeding speed = 1050mm/min Cut width = 0.5mm Wear width：0.03 mm Wear width ：0.05mm Air blow Work = Heat treated condition (45HRC)

Repair Welding Followings show standard repair welding method in build-up welding due to design change or repair welding due to heat crack. Material involved : DAC, DAC-MAGIC, DAC55, DAC10, FDAC.

Welding Welding Temp. between State of Die Welding Welding Process Chart Method Condition weld layers

Welding Annealing 680 - 730℃ 350 - Furnance 400℃ Cooling or DAC 300 - Ash Cooling Annealed State ℃ 250℃ Above or 400 After-heating same steel Pre-heating ○Welding bar 100-150℃ 1.6 - 4.0φ Anneal 2 times in case of Large block. ○Current TIG 80 - 200A

○ Flux of Ar gas Welding Below Tempering 8 - 15ℓ/min Temperature of Die Hardened State YAG 350 - 250℃ Above 300 - 400℃ Air Cooling 400℃ After-heating Pre-heating 100 - RT 150℃ - 100℃

（Remarks） 1. YAG is a brand name of Hitachi Maraging Steel used for various applications including high grade welding rod. Using YAG welding rod remarkably decreases such welding defects as "bead crack" or "pin holes".

2. TIG Welding Method (Tangsten Inert Gas Welding Method) is to make arc between tangsten electrode covered by argon gas and objects to be welded, and then wire is inserted into the heat pool generated by the arc.

3. Use lower current and ﬁner welding wire in order to get better efﬁciency of welding metal. In order to prevent crater cracks, avoid an overlap of the crater of backward pass on the crater of foregoing pass. To avoid an overheat of mother material, conduct an interrupted welding with short bead.

4. Keeping time of Temper and Anneal after welding should be 1h/25mm in thickness.

5. A careful attention is to be paid of crack during grinding.

Heat Treatment Standard Heat Treatment Process

Quenching 1,000 -1,050℃ Tempering

550- 680℃ 750 - 800℃ Forced Air Cooling, Holding time High Pressure Gas, Holding time T Cooling, etc. Air Cooling 500 - 550℃ 300- 350℃ T

Refer to Refer to the table the table 100 -150℃ Room Temperature To Tempering Pre-heating Tempering First Second Quenching Furnace Pre-heating Pre-heating *Tempering is required at least two times or more.

Holding time for quenching Holding time for tempering

Thickness（mm） ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300 Thickness（mm） ≦25 26-35 36-64 65-84 85-124 125-174 175-249 250-349 350-499

Holding time (min) 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100 Holding time (h) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Quenching Method to Reduce Distortion As the cooling rate of quenching becomes faster, the heat-treated microstructure becomes ﬁner and the toughness is improved. However, the distortion after heat treatment increases. By optimizing the quenching pattern, Hitachi Metals Group has established heat treatment method which not only reduce distortion but also improve toughness.

Examples of measuring impact values of Examples of distortion of heat-treated products heat-treated products（ DAC10/160×400×500） Longitudinal direction Longitudinal direction 200 30 （％） Air 25 Method 1 150 20 Method 2 Oil 100 15 10 50 5

0 die Number of heat-treated 0 Air Method 1 Method 2 Oil ＜0.05 ＜0.10 ＜0.15 ＜0.20 ＜0.25 ＜0.30 Index of Charpy Impact Value Index of Charpy Impact Value Quenching method Distortion rate (“bend” versus “length”)

Nitriding Comparison of various nitrided layers Properties and characteristics TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C TYPE D of the nitrided layer vary ε phase (white layer) Grain boundaries in the Sulﬁde, oxide layer No compound layer depending on nitriding methods nitride layer and conditions. Please choose Nitriding depth and form (In the case of the type of nitriding according nitrided SKD61) to the right gure. 0.1mm 0.2mm 0.2mm 0.05 - 0.1mm ＞1000HV ＞1000HV ＞1000HV 600 - 800HV

Heat crack resistance B C C A Flaking resistance of the nitrided layer B C C A Melting Resistance B B A C

Type of Nitriding General nitriding Deep nitriding Sulfurizing and nitriding Shallow nitriding

Excellent “A” → Good “B” → Ordinary “C” The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 14 High Quality Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series Mold Material and Application

Hardness Group Employed (HRC) Grade Material Type Application Example

Mold required good weldability and machinability (Autoparts, HI-PM7 P20 improved Home electronics, House equipment)

29 - 33 HI-PM38 420 improved Flame retardant resin, Transparent parts, Rubber

HI-PM77 420 improved and Corrosion resistant mold bases, Rubber mold resulpherized

(Round Bar) 38 - 42 (Flat Bar) PSL 630 improved Mold for polyvinyl chloride, Frothy resin, Rubber 33 - 37

Cr contained NiAl Rust resistant mold with sensitive surface as mirror 37 - 42 CENA1

Prehardened precipitation grade polishing, creping, EDM, Weldless Mold

General Mass-Production Mold (Autoparts, OA equipment, HI-PM MAGIC P20 improved Home Electronics)

Parts associated with automobile headlamp production, P21 improved 37 - 41 HI-PM PRO Exterior of cellular phone

P21 improved and HI-PM1 Mold for general use (Home electronics etc), Plate and holder resulpherized

H13 improved and 38 - 42 FDAC Engineering resin, Slide core resulpherized

Mold for Anti-corrosion / Mirror polish (Medical instruments, HI-PM38 420 improved Food container, etc) 50 - 55

HI-PM38S 420 improved Mold for super mirror polish (Optical disc / Aspheric lens)

Wear resistant mold for engineering resin HI-PM31 D2 improved (Gear, Connector, IC） 56 - 62 Mold required high toughness and high hardness P/M HSS HAP5R (Core pin, Thin wall)

60 - 63 ZCD-M D2 improved IC mold For Quench and Temper

Reinforced and ame retardant engineering resin, IC mold, 60 - 65 ZDP4 P/M Cold Die Steel Slide parts, Cutter required exceptional wear resistance

High hardness, non- 35 - 45 HI-PM75 Molding in magnetic eld (Plastic magnet) magnetic, resulphurized

Mold required exceptional toughness (Core pin, Thin wall), YAG Maraging Steel For Aging 52 - 57 Super mirror polish (Optical lens)

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 2 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series Resin Types and Grade Selection

Required Life and Grade Recommended Resin Required Properties SHORT MEDIUM LONG MASS PRODUCTION for Mold ＜100,000 ＜500,000 ＜1,000,000 ＞1,000,000 HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM MAGIC CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC General Machinability HI-PM7 + Nitriding CENA1 HI-PM PRO FDAC HI-PM PRO FDAC

Engineering HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM38 Resin Wear Resistivity HI-PM7 HI-PM MAGIC + Nitriding + Nitriding FDAC FDAC HI-PM31

HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM31 + Plating Thermo- HI-PM MAGIC Reinforced High Wear Resistivity HI-PM PRO + Nitriding HI-PM31 ZDP4 plastic FDAC Plating FDAC, HI-PM1 HAP5R, HAP40

HI-PM38 Flame (Prehardened) HI-PM38 Retardant Corrosion Resistivity HI-PM38 HI-PM38 + Plating CENA1 PSL

CENA1 Transparent Mirror Polishability CENA1 HI-PM38 HI-PM38 HI-PM38

HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM MAGIC General Wear Resistivity HI-PM PRO HI-PM PRO + Plating HI-PM31 HI-PM31 FDAC, HI-PM1 FDAC Thermo- set HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM31 Reinforced High Wear Resistivity + Nitriding HI-PM31 + Plating ZDP4 + Plating FDAC ZCD-M

General Resin : PS, PE, PP, AS, ABS etc. Engineering Resin : PC, PPE, PA, POM, PBT, PET etc. Advanced Engineering Resin : PPS, PI, PES, PEEK etc.

Properties Comparison Table

Dimensional change EDM/Creping Mirror Rust Wear Material Machinability Weldability Toughness Cost by heat treatment texture polishability resistance resistance

HI-PM7 A − C C A D D B B HI-PM77 B − D D C B D C C PSL D − B C A A D B D CENA1 C − A B C C D C D HI-PM MAGIC B − B C+ A D D B C HI-PM PRO B ー A B B D D C D HI-PM1 A − D D D D D D C FDAC C − D D C D C C C HI-PM38 C A A A C B C C D HI-PM38S C A A A+ C B C C E HI-PM31 C B A B D C B C D HAP5R C C A B D E B B E ZCD-M D C A D E C B D D ZDP4 E D B B E C A E E HI-PM75 E B D D E B C C E YAG D B A A A D C A E S55C A − C E C E E C A SCM440 C − C D D D D C B Ratings : A--Best C--Ordinary D, E--Poor (Remarks) Please refer above as general concept.

Properties Comparison

Polishing Property 60 HI-PM31 (Schematic Diagram) YAG HI-PM38 HI-PM38S 50

CENA1 40 HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM PRO

30 HI-PM7

20 Hardness (HRC) Hardness

S55C Super mirror nish 10 General products Transparent products Optical disc, Optical lens

2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 Better Mirror Polishability (Grain Mesh)

Texturing Properties General Texturing Fine Texturing Better (Schematic Diagram of Uniformity by CENA1 Etching) HI-PM PRO HI-PM38 DAC-S

(Remarks) HI-PM MAGIC This diagram does not show etching eﬃciency. (Etching eﬃciency is inversely proportional to the HI-PM7 Single melt FDAC corrosion resistance.) Texturing Properties HI-PM77 Double melt HI-PM1

3,000 5,000 8,000 14,000 Free Machining Grade Grades for Polish (Grain Mesh No.) Better

Machinability Grade Hardness Cutting Speed (Tool Life : Cutting Length 1m) Better (HRC) 0 10 20 30 40 50

Drilling S55C 13 Tool： SKH51 φ10 SCM440 28 Feed： 0.15mm/rev HI-PM7 32 Depth： 30mm HI-PM38 32 Dry HI-PM77 32 PSL 35 HI-PM MAGIC 40 HI-PM1 40 FDAC 40 SKD11 A HI-PM31 A HI-PM75 （ST）

Corrosion Resistance Weight Loss by Corrosion (mg/cm・2 h) (5%Sulfuric Acid Solution) Grade Better 0 5 10 15 20 25

PSL HI-PM75 HI-PM38 SUS440C SKD11 HI-PM31 CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC SCM440

Properties Comparison

Wear Resistance Wear Ratio (mm3/mm・2 mm)×10-7 Ohgoshi-method Wear Test Grade Hardness Better (HRC) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Work Material SCM415 Load 67N SKD11 60 Friction Distance 400m Friction Speed 0.78m/sec HI-PM31 59

ZDP4 65

SUS440C 57

ZCD-M 63

SKH51 63

HAP40 67

Mechanical Properties Tensile 0.2%Yield Reduction of Hardness Elongation Grade Strength Strength Area （HRC）（N/mm2）（N/mm2）（%）（%）

HI-PM7 32 975 855 20 55 HI-PM38 52 1,910 1,620 13 35 HI-PM77 32 990 845 16 41 PSL 39 1,170 1,100 11 34 CENA1 40 1,225 1,150 15 50 HI-PM MAGIC 40 1,200 1,020 18 45 HI-PM PRO 40 1,200 1,020 17 45 40 L 1,225 1,030 18 40 HI-PM1 40 T 1,215 1,010 10 25 HI-PM75 42 1,305 1,110 11 28 YAG 53 2,010 1,910 10 48

Physical Properties

Thermal Expantion Coef.（×10-6/℃） Thermal Conductivity（W/m・K） Grade Averaged value from 30℃ to each temp.

100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃ 20℃ 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃ HI-PM7 11.6 12.2 12.8 13.4 34.3 38.3 39.8 40.4 40.6 HI-PM38 10.4 11.1 11.5 11.8 22.1 25.5 26.7 28.5 29.6 HI-PM77 10.1 10.7 11.1 11.5 22.3 24.9 26.3 27.9 29.5 PSL 10.6 11.1 11.9 12.1 15.8 20.0 22.2 24.2 25.5 CENA1 10.8 11.5 12.0 12.4 20.5 22.9 25.9 28.2 30.5 HI-PM MAGIC 11.5 12.3 12.9 13.4 31.4 34.1 37.7 40.2 41.1 HI-PM PRO 12.7 13.0 13.3 － 28.3 31.9 35.4 38.3 － HI-PM1 11.4 11.8 12.3 12.8 31.5 36.6 38.4 39.4 40.1 HI-PM31 12.4 13.1 13.6 14.1 26.5 － 34.4 － 39.8 ZCD-M 10.5 10.8 11.5 11.9 16.4 19.4 22.0 25.3 24.4 HI-PM75 16.1 17.2 18.0 18.6 12.3 14.5 16.4 18.7 20.4 YAG － 10.8 －－ 20.9 － 25.5 － 27.6

40HRC Prehardened Grade

Prehardened： 37- 41HRC Precipitation Hardening, CENA1 Rust-Resisting Grade for Precise Mold

CENA1 is a high performance plastic mold with rust resistivity and excellent machinability. CENA1 has exceptional high purity and suits for critical surface ﬁnish.

Features

● No heat treatment is necessary. Uniform hardness distribution. （37- 42HRC） TV Glossy Frame ● Higher rust resistivity compared with P21 type grade. (Weldless Molding) ● Excellent mirror polishability, crepe- and EDM ﬁnishability. ● Good weldability with least hardness elevation. ● Good nitrinding hardenability and can be used for wear resisting application.

Application Non-glare Treatment Sample ● Most suitable for weldless molding. ● Countermeasure against corrosion by gas generated from resin. ● Other critical surface ﬁnish molds. Engineering resin products.

Creping Sample

Prehardened: 37- 41HRC HI-PM Toughness Precipitation Hardening Grade 50 for Precise Mold Thickness 140mm ） PRO 2 40 J/cm

HI-PM PRO is the steel for plastic molds which precise pursues 30 consistency in production to meet requirement for elaborately designed products. 20

Features （ 10 Charpy impact value

●“Hardness” (37 to 41HRC) which is suitable for mass production of 0 resin products by precision molding. HI-PM PRO P21 Improved steel ●“Excellent machinability for high quality appearance” supports excellent Comparison of 2mmU notch mirror polishability, creping, EDM surface (thanks to the special Charpy impact values melting method). ●“Toughness and machinability” supports stable mold making and productivity.

Application

● The parts associated with automobile headlight production ● The exterior of cellular phone

40HRC Prehardened Grade

Prehardened： 37-41HRC HI-PM Advanced Plastic Mold Steel MAGIC for general purposes

HI-PM MAGIC is a newly developed grade which has both high durability and excellent processability. Easy weldability will make setup of the new products of home electronic, OA equipment or Auto parts smoother.

Home electronics, OA equipment, Auto parts Features ）

● No heat treatment is necessary (37- 41HRC) 2 80 ● Stable polishability Thickness 140mm

● Steady machinability. Fits for high-speed high feed cutting （J/cm 60 ● Higher toughness compared with conventional 40HRC grades ● Easy Weldability 40 ● Good EDM ﬁnishability

● Excellent nitriding properties Charpy Impact Value 20 ● Satisfying Cost Performance 0 HI-PM MAGIC P21 P20 Improved Steel Ni Steel Comparison of 2mmU notch Charpy impact values Application (example of measurement by our company) ● General resin products for home electronics, equipment OA Auto and so on.

Prehardened： 37-41HRC Free Machining Precipitation HI-PM1 Hardening Grade for Precise Mold 50

HI-PM1 is free machining plastic mold steel prehardened to 40HRC. With superb machinability, HI-PM1 is tted for genaral applications. CENA1, HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM1 40

HI-PM7, HI-PM38, HI-PM77

Features 30 Hardness（HRC） ● No heat treatment is necessary.（37-41HRC） SCM440 ● Excellent machinability among 40HRC prehardened grades. 20 S50C

Application 150 100 50 0 50 100 150 Distance from Center（ｍｍ） ● General Plastic Products Cross Section Hardness Distribution ● Precise Rubber Mold, etc. For Smooth Cut Surface. （300mm Square Size）

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 7 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series 32HRC Prehardened Grade

Prehardened: 29 - 33HRC For Medium and Large Mold HI-PM7 for General Application

HI-PM7 is a plastic mold steel prehardened to 29- 33HRC ﬁtted for medium and large size mold, having good machinability and weldability. In addition, it has good mirror polishability and EDM machinability to make itself one of the best steel in this class grade. Inner Panel

Features

Tail Lamp ● Uniform hardness distribution even in large crosssection. (29-33HRC) ● Machinability is better than P20 or free machining steel. ● Excellent weldability with least hardness elevation. Endmill： Co-HSSφ3 Stable mirror polishability. V=22.5m/min ● f=0.0552mm/Blade ● Less streak texture and least hardness elevation on EDM a=2w×10H Wet surface make ﬁnishing easier. 0.4 ● Excellent toughness. ● Excellent nitriding property. SCM440 0.3 P21 improved (free cutting) （ｍｍ） 0.2 Application HI-PM7 Tool Wear Wear Tool ● Auto parts: Headlamp, Tail lamp, Inner panel, etc. 0.0 ● Home electronics, OA equipment, House equipment: TV cabinet, Air conditioner, etc. 0 ● Other large daily goods, Large container, Pipe, Rubber 2 4 6 B 10 Cutting Length（ｍ） Machinability Comparison

HI-PM7 No crack

SCM440 Crack has occurred

y-groove Weld Crack Test JIS Z 3158 TIG Welding No pre-heating / No post-heating

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 8 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series Stainless Steel for Quench and Temper

Prehardened： 29-33HRC Hardenable to： 50-55HRC HI-PM38 For Anti-Corrosion and Mirror Polish Mold

HI-PM38 is Mo contained 13Cr martensitic stainless steel prehardened to 29-33HRC, manufactured by consumable CD, DVD electrode remelting method, further hardenable to 50-55HRC. It is ﬁtted for molds which require corrosion resistance and superb mirror polishability. In addition, it suits for precise heat treatment. Excellent corrosion resistance also makes mold storage easier.

Features Food Container ● Excellent mirror polishability ● Better corrosion-resistivity than 420. Chromium plating is not necessary. ● Least heat treatment deformation, best ﬁtted for precise mold. ● As HI-PM38 is supplied as prehardened condition, it can Specimen： 65T×100W×150L Quench ： 1,030℃(VQ) be used without further heat treatment also. N2gas Cooling

0.10 Application 0.05 Width 0 ● Transparent items： Lense, Container for cosmetics, etc. -0.05 Length ● Flame retardant resin products： Home electronics, OA Dimensional Distortion （％） Dimensional Distortion equipment ● For omitting plating： Food container, Medical instruments 56

54 52 Heat Treatment 50

● Quenching ： 1,000-1,050℃ Air Cooling （HRC） Hardness 48 ● Tempering ： 200-500℃ Air Cooling as Quench 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature（℃） Heat Treatment Properties of HI-PM38

Prehardened： 29-33HRC Hardenable to： 50-55HRC HI-PM38S For Super Mirror Polish Mold

Features 100

● Superior mirror polishability to below 0.01μm surface roughness. ● Other features are same as HI-PM38. ● CD, DVD, and optical lens. 50 Nonmetallic Inclusion Quantity (Index Number)

SUS420J2 HI-PM38 HI-PM38S Purity of HI-PM38S

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series Prehardened Stainless Grade Prehardened： 33-37HRC（Flat bar） 38-42HRC（Round bar） PSL For Higher Grade Anti-Corrosion Mold

PSL is precipitation hardening stainless steel which shows superior corrosion resistance as used for corrosive gas yielding resins or resins with ﬂame retardant additives without plating.

Features PVC Extruded Products ● Best corrosion resistance among plastic mold steels. Plating is not needed. ● Least hardness elevation on EDM or welded surface and 〈Test Condition〉 easier ﬁnishing jobs. Solution： 10％HCL Temp.： 40℃

SKD11（58HRC） 2.0 Application SCM440 ＋ Cr plating 1.5 ● Polyvinyl chloride : Pipe ﬁttings, Pipe, Sash, etc. ● Resins with ﬂame retardant additives 1.0 SUS420J2（30HRC） ● Precision mold for rubber 0.0 SUS304 PSL（40HRC） 0 0 10 20 30 40 50

Weight Loss by Corrosion （％） Weight Loss by Corrosion Dipping Time（hr） Corrosion Resistivity Comparison

Prehardened： 29-33HRC Free Machining Martensitic HI-PM77 Stainless Grade for Mold Base

Features

● Good corrosion resistance and well ﬁtted for rust protection of water cooling holes or surface of mold base. ● Excellent machinability Water Leve ● Prehardened and good mechanical properties

Application

● Holder for compact disc mold or lens mold. S55C HI-PM77 ● Holder for food or medical container mold and precise Rust after 1month dipping in water engineering resin mold. ● Mold for rubber ● Anti-corrosive support tools

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 10 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series High Wear Resistance Grade

Hardenable to： 55-60HRC High Wear Resistant Grade HI-PM31 for Mass Production

HI-PM31 is wear resistant plastic mold steel with ﬁne carbide uniformly distributed by means of appropriate alloy design and consumable electrode remelting process. Least heat treatment distortion, it suits for precise heat treatment.

Features Engineering Resin Gear

● Wear resistance is as high as JIS SKD11. ● Much better machinability and grindability than JIS SKD11. ● Least heat treatment deformation, best ﬁtted for precise mold. ● Good mirror polishability crepe and EDM ﬁnishability ● High hardness and toughness, enough against chipping or breakage

IC Mold Application

● Engineering resin products and thermosetting resin products ● Precise mold： IC mold, Connector, Watch parts, Camera parts Specimen： 16T×46W×60L Quench ： 1,030℃(VQ) N2gasCooling

Heat Treatment 0.15 Width Thickness ● Quenching ： 1,000-1,050℃ Air Cooling 0.05 ● Tempering ： 200-550℃ Air Cooling 0 -0.05

Dimensional Distortion （％） Dimensional Distortion Length

62 60 58 56 54 Hardness （HRC） Hardness

as Quench 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering Temperature（℃） Heat Treatment Properties of HI-PM31

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11 YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series Aging Grade

Hardenable to： 52-57HRC Super High Toughness YAG Maraging Steel

Ejector pin As YAG is delivered as solution heat treated condition, you are advised to conduct aging at 480-520℃ in order to get hardness between 52-57HRC after engraving cavity.

(Remarks) This product might correspond to the Export Trade Control Order. When you export this product, you might need apply for export Optical Lens licenses to the authorities in your country.

Features 3000

● Excellent toughness and mechanical properties under high

） YAG hardness and best ﬁtted against breakage 2 ● Super mirror polishability 2000 ● Hardness of 55HRC is obtainable by aging at 500℃ with least distortion

SKD61 1000 Application （N/mm Notch Strength

SCM440 ● Optical lens 0 ● Thin core pin 20 30 40 50 60 ● Ejector pin, either of small diameter or of long length Hardness（HRC） Relationship between Hardness and Notch Strength

Hardenable to： 35-45HRC Non-Magnetic High Hardness HI-PM75 Free Machining Plastic Mold Steel

Features

● Permeability(μ) is 1.01, equally non-magnetic as 304 ● 35-45HRC is obtainable by aging of 700℃×5h and has higher wear resistance. ● Good nitriding properties

(Remarks) Slower machining recommended as it is easily hardened by machining.

Application Plastic Magnet ● Plastic magnet ● Wear resistant, non-magnetic supportive tools

Higher Grade Polishing Method of Plastic Mold

Polish procedure Example

● Polish by oil grinding stone (use kerosene) #180→#240→#320→#400→#600→#800 ● Polish by oil sand paper (use kerosene) #600→#800→#1000→#1200→#1500 ● Finish Polishing by diamond compound (use felt cloth) #1800→#3000→#8000→#14000 （9μm）（6μm）（3μm）（1μm）

Important points of polishing

1. Each procedure is to be strictly kept. 2. When changing from one number to another, check if there are remained scratches by changing polishing direction. (move 45-90 degrees) 3. When changing numbers, wash and remove last polishing grains completely. 4. Polishing by diamond compound needs to be done in short times. Excessive polish can produce pinholes or orange peel. 5. Avoid alumina and chromium oxide as the polish capabilities are lower than diamond. 6. During long interruption, the object must be protected from the rust.

Remarks: A. For superior polishing use diamond compound. Don't use alumina nor chromium-oxide compound.

Diamond Compound Finish Aluminium Oxide Finish Not Good Chromium Oxide Finish Not Good

B. Load for polishing should be kept the lowest possible. C. Foregoing polish should be done prudently. D. Rust proof measures must be taken in any interruption of jobs.

Scratch remains due to Seam and pinhole texture at Pinhole texture by inapropriate overload. crossing by less foregoing polish rust proof.

Welding of Plastic Mold

Attentive points 1. Preparations before welding A. Form of location to get welded should be made smooth as Figure 1. B. Cracks and treated surface (nitrided or plated) must be eliminated. C. Oil, dust, moisture and scale must be removed thoroughly.

≧5C W＞4D W R＞D 45° ≧5R R D

Edge Overlaying Corner Overlaying Groove/Hole Overlaying

Figure 1. Standing shapes for build up welding

2. Welding rod A. Welding rod of similar composition as mold is to be used so that welding may not bring about unevenness of mirror ﬁnish or creping surface. When the mold is made from HI-PM MAGIC, use welding rod made from HI-PM MAGIC-W. Likewise, in case fo TIG welding there are T-HTM-31 and T-HTM38 in the market for welding for mold made from HI-PM31 and HI-PM38.

B. In case of using coated electrode, weldling rod should be dried by heating to 250-300℃ before using.

C. For cavity welding, TIG welding should be applied. (TIG : Tungsten Inert Gas)

3. Welding A. Figure 2 shows example of actual welding jobs of representative grades.

B. Tempering should be conducted soon after welding in case of prehardened steel or hardened and tempered steel according to Figure 2. Tempering is eﬀective to protect mold from crack and to stabilize mirror ﬁnish and creped surface by having uniform hardness and structure.

Mold Steel Welding Welding Rod Condition Heat Cycle Grade

●TIG Welding （Stress relieﬁng for correcting Rod Current Welding deformations and precise creping） Post-heat HI-PM MAGIC 2.4φ………… 80-160A Pre-heat 450-550℃ HI-PM MAGIC TIG 150-300℃ 150-300℃ -W 3.2φ………… 110-200A

Flow Rate 10-15ℓ/min （Cool Slowly） Air Cooling

●Shielded Metal Ark Welding Welding TIG HI-PM7-W Tempering Rod Current Post-heat Pre-heat 500-600℃ HI-PM7 3.2φ………… 90-120A 200-300℃ 4.0φ 130-160A 100-150℃ 1hr/ Shielded ………… TH-50 25mm Metal Ark Cool Slowly Air Cooling

Figure 2. Welding procedure

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 14 Plastic Mold Steel CENA1 Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1

Concept of CENA1®

CENA1 is a high performance plastic mold with rust resistivity and excellent machinability. CENA1 has excellent purity and suit for critical surface ﬁnish.

Better HI-PM38

CENA1

Rust Resistivity HI-PM7

Machinability Better

Properties Comparison

Hardness Rust Mirror EDM Grade (HRC) Machinability Resistivity Polishability Crepability Finishability CENA1 37-42 B B A A A

HI-PMPRO 37-41 B C A A A

HI-PM7 29-33 A D C C C

HI-PM38 50-55 C A A B A

(excellent “A” ⇔ poor “D”)

Application • Weldless molds, Heat & cool molds (Molds that rust preventing) e.g. Glossy molding of TV bezel, Glossy molding , Molding for products with high quality surface of mobile equipments parts, OA equipments parts, auto parts. thick transparent parts for game machine , etc. • Mold requiring sensitive surface as mirror polishing, creping and EDM e.g. Mold of housing of mobile equipments, video camera, home electronics (ex. Vacuum cleaner, Air conditioner), auto parts (ex. Inner panel, Transparent cover), cosmetics case, bottle • General molds for long life: Making the maintenance easy by rust resistance increase • Mold of food container • Rubber mold

Rust Resistivity

CENA1 has improved rust resistivity compared with conventional 40HRC prehardened grade.

• Improvement of corrosion problem on mold surface by resins. • Decreased rust formation at cooling water hole makes cooling effect stable. • Fewer rust problem in storage, transportadion, or usage of mold • Much less rust formation on WEDM surface

Rust Resistivity of Polished Surface

Conventional P21 CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC P20Ni Improved Grade

【Condition】 Finished by #800 emery paper, Temperature: 80℃ Humidity: 90％ 2 hour hold

CENA1 increases mold durability against corrosion by gas generated from resin.

Gas generated from resin often becomes high temperature by injection pressure and corrode the mold. It brings cloudiness of mirror surface and burr of injected parts. CENA1 improves above gas-corrosion resistance by alloy combination.

Accelerated Gas-corrosion Tests: Change on Mirror-Finished Mold Surface after Injection Molding Tests

Resin POM Flame Retardant ABS Steel Grade

CENA1

Conventional P21 Improved Grade

5 mm 50μm 5 mm

Accelerated gas-corrosion tests by a mold that is made to shut gas intentionally. Observation results of mirror- nished mold surface after 3000 shots of POM and ABS ame retardant grade.

Machinability

CENA1 decrease tool wear in endmilling and promote cutting efﬁciency.

• CENA1 can promote cutting efﬁciency • CENA1 can decrease tool-change frequency drastically. • Smooth cut surface of CENA1 makes after-polishing easier.

Endmilling Example This sample was machined by one endmill for 22 hours. Machined surface roughness is very smooth.

L/D=250 0.12mm

Incline：1.5°

30mm Rz = 2.3 mm Ra75 = 0.26 mm

40mm 40mm Roughness curve (Longitudinal: × 2,000, Horizontal × 50) 1.69mm (μm) Tool: φ 3.0 2 teeth, 10 EPDR2030-30-05-TH (Hitachi Tool) 5 Machine: MAKINO V33 Cutting Verocity: 50 m/min (5300 min-1) 0 Feed: 0.06 mm/tooth (640 mm/min) −5 Cutting Depth: 0.06 mm Pick Feed: 0.12 mm −10 Dry (Air Blow) 0 1 2 3 (mm) Cutting time: 22 Hr Number of tool use: 1 Same condition cutting on conventional P21 steel needs 2 endmills.

Mirror Polishability

CENA1 has very low non-metallic inclusion content and excellent mirror polishability.

Mirror Polishability Comparison 60

HI-PM38 50

CENA1 40 HI-PM MAGIC HI-PM PRO Hardness (HRC)

30 HI-PM7

#3000 #8000 #14000 Polishing Grain size No.

Crepability EDM Finishability

CENA1 has good EDM Finishability. CENA1 has homogenized micro As surface hardened layer is much structure and good crepability. less than conventional grades, CENA1 CENA1 is suitable for precise creping. is able to be polished easier after EDM machining.

CENA1 100×100×50 (mm)

Photo Etching Sample Non-glare Treatment Sample EDM Finished

*EDM surface Etching ... Sand blasting treatment is needed 【Condition】 before etching. Machine : HQSF(MAKINO), EDGE2S #108 Solution : Paraol 250 *Welded Surface Etching ... Post-heating ( ≧ 200 ℃ ) after Additive : μSC (0.8-1.0g/L) welding is needed before etching. Electrode : Gr 78.0mm (EDM depth 1.0mm) Cu 79.2mm (EDM depth 0.4mm) Cu 79.7mm (EDM depth 0.15mm)

Nitriding Property

By nitriding, 1000HV surface hardness is obtained easily on CENA1, that is effctive against wearing of slide core or reinforced resin mold.

Hardness Proﬁle of Nitrided Cross-section

1200 Vacuum Nitriding 510℃×10h 1000

800 CENA1

600 Conventional P21 Improved Grade Hardness (HV) 400

200

0 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 Distance from surface (mm)

*The care is necessary to avoid breakage by over-hardening especially for small dia. pin or sharp edge part. It is recommended to apply lower nitriding temperature or weak nitriding condition.

Weldability

As welded area hardness variety of CENA1 is less than conventional grades, mold is able to be repaired and ﬁnished easily.

500

Welding 400 Tempering Pre-heating Post-heating 450-550℃ 200-450℃ 200-400℃ 300 HAZ* HAZ* 1h/25mm Hardness (HV) Metal base Welded zone Metal base 200 ＞100℃ Air -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 Cooling (mm) Distance from Center

*HAZ: Heat-Affected Zone

Welding Procedure Example Measured Surface Hardness of Welded Area

Welding repair is recommended to be done by TIG welding with CENA1-W rod.

Mechanical Properties Representative value of at bar 50t×400W. Hardness Tensile Strength 0.2%Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area 2U Charpy impact value Grade (HRC) (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (%) (J/cm2)

CENA1 40 1,225 1,150 15 50 20

Physical Properties Speciﬁc Gravity 7.78

Thermal Conductivity W/（m・K） Grade 20℃ 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃

CENA1 20.5 22.9 25.9 28.2 30.5

Thermal Expansion Coefﬁcient Average value from 30˚C, ×10-6/˚C Grade 100℃ 200℃ 300℃ 400℃ CENA1 10.8 11.5 12.0 12.4

Young's Modulus 205GPa

Actual Performance

Rust Resistivity

Application Comparison of Actual Performance with Conventional Grade by Customers

Electronics Parts Least rusting during WEDM for 1 week. Rust removing process becomes unnecessary.

Mechanical Parts Resistant to corrosive gas generated by advanced engineering resins. Mold durability is improved.

Machinability and EDM Finishability

• Carbide endmill tool life is doubled. Acrylic Lens • Easy to mirror polish EDM surface.

• Many small pins were made by EDM machining. Better EDM surface has been obtained TV Speaker compared with conventional grade.

• Good machinability in ball endmilling. Auto Head-light • Smooth surface machined with 0.4R ball endmill makes polishing easy. Lens

CENA1 and Weldless Molds CENA1 is most suitable for weldless molds for which temperature control is required, because surface condition of heating and cooling holes comes to be less corrosive and more stable. CENA1 is widely used for the products such as TV frame and video camera for better surface condition.

Weldless Molds

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 7 High Speed Tool Steels YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Chemical compositions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

(mass%)

JIS AISI/ASTM Grade equivalent W.Nr C Cr W Mo V Co DIN/ISO M2 YXM1 SKH51 1.3343 0.80-0.90 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 − HS6-5-2 − YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 0.85-0.95 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 4.50-5.50 HS6-5-2-5 Molybdenum − − HSS YXM27 1.15-1.25 3.80-4.50 4.80-5.80 5.80-6.80 2.60-2.80 − M42 YXM42 SKH59 1.3247 1.00-1.10 3.50-4.25 1.25-2.00 9.00-10.00 1.00-1.50 7.75-8.75 HS2-9-1-8

YXM60 − − 1.00-1.10 3.80-4.50 5.00-6.00 6.00-7.00 1.50-1.80 7.50-8.50

Vanadium − XVC5 SKH57 1.3207 1.20-1.30 3.80-4.50 9.00-11.00 3.00-4.00 3.20-3.70 9.50-10.50 HSS HS10-4-3-10 Tungsten T1 SKH2 1.3355 0.73-0.83 3.80-4.50 17.00-18.00 − 0.80-1.20 − HSS YHX2 HS18-0-1

Conventional High Speed Tool Steels Conventional High Speed Tool Matrix YXR3 HSS − 0.6 4.3 − 2.9 1.8 −

Matrix Matrix YXR33 − 0.5 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.0 or less HSS HSS

Matrix YXR7 HSS − 0.8 4.7 1.3 5.5 1.3 −

HAP10 − − 1.30-1.40 4.50-5.50 2.50-3.50 5.50-6.50 3.60-4.00 −

− HAP40 SKH40 − 1.27-1.37 3.70-4.70 5.60-6.40 4.60-5.40 2.80-3.30 7.50-8.50 HS6-5-3-8

HAP50 − − 1.54-1.64 3.70-4.70 7.50-8.50 5.50-6.50 3.80-4.30 7.50-8.50

HAP72 − − 2.02-2.32 3.70-4.70 9.00-10.00 8.00-8.50 4.80-5.10 9.00-10.00

P/M High Speed Tool Steels P/M High Speed Tool HAP5R − − 0.9 4.3 2.0 3.0 3.0 −

HSS: High Speed Tool Steel

YSS High Speed Tool Steels are used not only for cutting tools but also various forming tools which require higher wear resistance and toughness. Along with conventional type steels, there are some grades made by powder metallurgy process (HAP series) that has superb wear resistance and toughness because of higher alloy content and uniform ﬁne microstructure.

Yasugi (Kaigan) Works

Features of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Grade Features

YXM1 Standard Molybdenum high speed steel with superior toughness

YXM4 Standard Cobalt alloyed Molybdenum high speed steel with superior heat resistance

Molybdenum HSS YXM27 High Vanadium high speed steel with good wear resistance and grindability

YXM42 Super-hard high speed steel suitable for cutting for hard materials

YXM60 High-performance high speed steel with superior durability, toughness and grindability

Vanadium High-performance Cobalt alloyed Vanadium high speed steel with wear/heat resistance HSS XVC5

Tungsten YHX2 Standard Tungsten high speed steel HSS

Conventional High Speed Tool Steels Conventional High Speed Tool YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior toughness

Matrix YXR33 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with most superior toughness HSS

YXR7 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior strength/toughness

HAP10 Superior toughness effective to avoid chipping

HAP40 Most standard grade with good balance of hardness, toughness and wear resistance

HAP50 Higher hardness, good heat and wear resistance

HAP72 Good heat wear resistance and highest obtainable hardness of 70HRC

Toughest P/M high speed steel P/M High Speed Tool Steels P/M High Speed Tool HAP5R

Outstanding Features; ・High toughness ・High wear resistance ・Stabilized heat treatment property ・Stable performance due to uniform and ﬁne carbide distribution ・Good mechanical properties coming from ﬁne and uniform grain size ・High purity with least inclusions and gases

Characteristics of YSS High Speed Tool Steels Characteristics of steels

HAP72 For high performance : stnadard steel (JIS equivalent) service : original steel XVC5 P/M high speed steel Strength HAP40 YXM4 CRD HAP10 YXM1 Toughness Strength HAP5R Wear resistance YXR7 SLD-MAGIC Matrix high speed steel SLD YXR3

ARK1 Toughness Air hardened steel ACD37 Wear resistance, Strength Excellent machinability YXR33 SGT HMD5

Flame hardend YCS3 steel 40HRC pre-hardened steel Simpliﬁed small production HI-PM MAGIC

Toughness

Properties Comparison Table

Strength at elevated Quench and tempered Grade Wear resistance Machinability Toughness temperature hardness

YXM1 A C C C B YXM4 A C B C B YXM27 B C B C B YXM42 A B A B C YXM60 A B A B C XVC5 A C A D D YHX2 A C C B C YXR3 D D D A A YXR33 C D D A A YXR7 D C C C B HAP10 D C A B B HAP40 B B A C B HAP50 B B A B B HAP72 B A A D D HAP5R D D C B A

Excellent “A”→ Ordinary “C”→ Poor “E”

Characteristics of YSS High Speed Tool Steels Wear resistance (Ogoshi method) Wear resistance (Abrasive Wear)

Grade Hardness（ Speciﬁc wear（mm3（/ mm2・mm）x10-7） Grade Hardness（ Wear(Volume loss; YXM1=1) HRC） HRC） 0.5 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0

YXM1 65.5 YXM1 65 Rotate Test picece(φ6)

YXM4 66.0 YXM4 65 Slide

YXM27 66.0 XVC5 67 Sandpaper

XVC5 67.0 YXR3 61

YXR33 58.0 YXR33 58

YXR3 59.0 HAP10 65

YXR7 65.0 HAP72 70

HAP5R 60.7 SKD11 59

HAP10 64.0 Test condition Sandpaper : Al2O3＃500 Revolution : 980rpm Friction length : 1000mm HAP40 67.2 Lubricant : dry Load : 49N (5kgf) HAP72 70.0

SKD11 60.5

SKD61 55.5 1.85

Test condition Co-friction material：SCM415 Friction length：400m Load：67N (6.8kgf) Friction speed：0.78m/sec

Charpy impact value Bending strength

) 6000 2 25 250 600 YXR3 HAP5R ) 2 ) m/cm 2 YXR7

・ ARK1 20 200 500 HAP10 5000

(J/cm YXM1 )

YXR33 YSM 2 YXM4 HAP40 150 15 400 4000 SLD HAP5R YXM27 (N/mm ARK1 YXR3 100 10 XVC5 HAP72 3000 300 SGT 6 60 V6 HAP10 V5 SLD8 YXR7 YXM1 ( kgf/mm Bending Strength 200 2000 4 40 CRD V4 SLD cemented carbide (kgf 10R Charpy Impact Value HAP40 2 HAP72 20 YXM4 XVC5 0 100 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 1000 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 0 Hardness (HRC) Hardness (HRC)

Continuous Cutting test by turning tool Grindability

1,800 HAP10 1,500 HAP40 1,200 HAP50 900 Cutting condition Work : SKT4(357HB) HAP72 Surface grinder Tool life (s) Tool Wheel : PA80K74 600 Machine : Automatic lathe Wheel speed :1,820m/min Tool tip shape : 8-15-6-6-20-15-0.5R SKH51 Cutting speed : 25m/min Infeed : 5μm/Pass 300 Depth of cut : 1mm Total infeed : 0.5mm Feed : 0.3mm/rev SKH57 Wet grinding 0 Dry cutting 50 100 150 Index of grindability (SKH51=100) Grade YXM1 YXM4 YXM42 YXM60 XVC5 YHX2 HAP40 HAP50 HAP72

Recommended grade by application of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Cutting tools （）shows standard employed hardness/HRC.

Recommended Grade Application For general use For hard material cutting For high speed heavy duty cutting

Tool bit XVC5（65-68）, HAP72（69-71）

YXM60, YXM42（66-68） Drill YXM1（63-66） HAP40, HAP50（66-68） HAP50（66-68）, HAP72（68-70）

YXM27（65-67）, HAP10 Tap YXM1（63-66） YXM27（65-67）, HAP40（65-67） HAP40（65-67）, HAP72（68-70）

Reamer YXM1（63-66） YXM4, YXM60（65-67） YXM4（64-67）

YXM42, YXM60（65-67） YXM4, XVC5（65-67） Milling cutter YXM1（63-66） HAP40（66-68） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）

YXM1, YXM4（64-66） XVC5（66-68）, HAP50（66-69） End mill YXM60（67-69）, HAP72（69-71） YXM60（67-69） HAP72（69-71）

YXM60（66-68）, HAP10 YXM27（65-67）, HAP10 Broach YXM1（63-66）, YXM4（64-67） HAP40, HAP50（66-68） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）

Hob YXM4, YXM1（64-66） YXM60（67-69）, HAP50（67-69） HAP40, HAP50（66-68）

Pinion cutter YXM1, YXM4（63-65） HAP40（65-67） HAP10, HAP40（64-66）

YXM27（65-67） Shaving cutter YXM1（64-66） YXM42, YXM60（66-68）

Rack cutter YXR7, YXM1（63-66） YXM4（65-67） YXM4（65-67）

Chaser YXM1（62-65） YXM27（65-67）, HAP10（65-67） YXM4, YXM27（65-67）

Metal saw YXM1（63-66）

Hack saw YXM1（62-65） YXM42（66-68）, HAP40（66-68） YXM42（66-68）, HAP40（66-68）

Metal band saw YXM42（66-68） HAP50（66-68）

YXR3（58-61） Wood cutter YXM42（66-68） YXM4（65-67） YXM1, YHX2（62-65）

Recommended grade by application of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Cold working tools （）shows standard employed hardness/HRC. Recommended Grade Required Application hardness range For mass production use （HRC） For general use For abrasion resistance For impact resistance

Blanking die 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R

Sheet use 55 - 60 HMD5 (ﬂame hardening type) SLD, SLD-MAGIC ARK1 Blanking die Die for cold press Heavy plate, high-tensile steel 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R

Sheet use 58 - 62 SLD SLD-MAGIC ARK1 Bender swaging dies Heavy plate, high-tensile steel 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC XVC5 YXM1

Male die 58 - 63 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40 YXR7, YXR3, HAP10 Cold working dies Female die 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP10 YXR3, YXR7, HAP5R Cold working dies Male die 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, YXR3 Cold heading dies Female die 55 - 60 YSM SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1,YXR7, YXR3

Thread rolling dies 58 - 64 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXR7, YXM1, SLD10

Rolls Cold rolling mill rolls 80HS Min SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP50, HAP40

Thin material (under 3 mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 YXR3, YXR7 Triming Other dies Thick material (3 mm or over) 50 - 55 DAC, DM

Drawing dies 57 - 62 YXM1, CRD XVC5

Cold hobbing dies 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1

Thin material plate (under 3mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3 Shearing blades (Straight Medium material plate (3mm to 9mm) 53 - 58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXR33 Machine blades) cutlery Heavy material plate (10 mm or over) 48 - 53 DM

Rotary shear, slitters 54 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40

Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Temperature（℃） Hardness

Grade Quenched and Annealing Quenching Tempering Annealed (HBW) tempered (HRC)

800-880 (1)1,220-1,240 550-570 YXM1 255 Max 63 Min Slow cooling (2)1,200-1,220 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

800-880 (1)1,230-1,250 560-580 YXM4 277 Max 64 Min Slow cooling (2)1,210-1,230 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

800-880 1,180-1,210 550-580 YXM27 255 Max 64 Min Slow cooling Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

820-880 (1)1,190-1,210 520-590 YXM42 285 Max 66 Min Slow cooling (2)1,170-1,190 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

820-880 (1)1,190-1,210 560-590 YXM60 285 Max 66 Min Slow cooling (2)1,170-1,190 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

820-880 (1)1,230-1,250 550-580 XVC5 285 Max 64 Min Slow cooling (2)1,210-1,230 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

820-880 (1)1,270-1,290 560-580 YHX2 248 Max 62 Min Slow cooling (2)1,250-1,270 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

Conventional High Speed Tool Steels Conventional High Speed Tool 800-880 (1)1,150-1,170 560-590 YXR3 241 Max 57 Min Slow cooling (2)1,130-1,150 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

800-880 1,080-1,140 550-600 YXR33 241 Max 56 Min Slow cooling Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

800-880 (1)1,160-1,180 540-580 YXR7 241 Max 62 Min Slow cooling (2)1,130-1,150 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

820-880 (1)1,170-1,190 550-580 (1) 65-66 HAP10 269 Max Slow cooling (2)1,050-1,170 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling (2) 58-65

820-880 (1)1,180-1,210 560-580 (1) 66-68 HAP40 277 Max Slow cooling (2)1,120-1,190 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling (2) 64-66

820-880 (1)1,200-1,220 560-580 (1) 67-69 HAP50 293 Max Slow cooling (2)1,180-1,200 Oil(hot bath) Air cooling (2) 66-67

820-880 1,180-1,210 560-580 HAP72 352 Max 68-70 Slow cooling Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

P/M High Speed Tool Steels P/M High Speed Tool 820-880 1,120-1,160 530-580 HAP5R 269 Max 58-62 Slow cooling Oil(hot bath) Air cooling

Remarks (1) Tools required for high strength at elevated temperature (2) Tools required for higher toughness

Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels

Annealing

1. All material is delivered as spheroidized annealed condition. 2. When used after reforging, spheroidized annealing is to be done before hardening. 3. Stress relief annealing is to be done in order to remove stress occured by cold working such as cold drawing, cold rolling or cutting and machining. • Heating temperature : 650-750˚C (to aim higher temperature when softening is required) • Holding time :1h/25mm thickness

Holding time of austenitizing Preheating time 1st stage : 30 minutes for every 25 mm of the tool at 500-550˚C 2nd stage : (Ta × 2) at 850˚C Preheating is (Ta × 2) at 900˚C for small thickness (50 mm max.) and simple shape tools, and wherever facilities are limited. 3nd stage : (Ta × 2) at 1,050˚C The rst stage can be omitted for small tools.

Tools of ordinary shape

Austenitizing temperature

Holding time T 2nd stage preheating Refer to 850˚C the table

1st stage preheating (Remarks) As for simple gure tools, 1st Holding time quenching × 2 Tempering 500-550˚C 450-550˚C Slow cooling stage preheating can be skipped and oil quenching can 30min/25mm be applied instead of hot salt 30min/25mm bath quenching. About 80˚C For complex gure tools, 3rd stage preheat (1,050˚C) applying is preferable.

Holding time at austenitizing temperature (Ta) Thickness Heating furnace (mm) 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Time

Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495 Salt bath Magnication(Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5

(Remarks) Holding time in salt bath = dipping time

Holding time at tempering temperature (Tt) Thickness (mm) ≦ 25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499

Tempering holding time (hour) 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

(Remarks) Tempering is needed more than 2 times for grades containing no cobalt and needed more than 3 times for grades cobalt alloyed in order to make it tough enough.

Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels Conventional High Speed Tool Steels

YXM1 YXM4 YXM27 YXM42 70 70 70 70

68 68 1,220℃ 68 69 1,260℃ 1,210℃ 1,200℃ 1,240℃ 66 1,240℃ 66 1,220℃ 1,180℃ 66 1,220℃ 68 1,190℃ 64 64

64 1,170℃ 67 62 1,200℃ 62 1,200℃

Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 1,160℃ （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 62 1,180℃ 66 1,160℃ 60 60 1,180℃ 1,160℃ 60 65 58 58

58 56 56 64 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ）

YXM60 XVC5 YHX2 70 68

70 1,300℃ 1,280℃ 68 66 1,260℃ 1,260℃ 1,200℃ 1,240℃ 68 66 64 1,180℃ 1,220℃

1,200℃ 64 62

1,240℃ 66 1,180℃ 1,220℃ Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 1,160℃ 62 （ HRC ） Hardness 60

1,160℃ 1,200℃ 64 60 58 1,180℃

62 58 56 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ）

YXR3 YXR33 YXR7 66 62 70

64 60 1,125℃ 68 62 1,150℃ 58 1,140℃ 1,180℃ 1,175℃ 60 56 66 1,160℃

1,120℃ 58 54 64 1,080℃ 56 52 1,140℃ Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 54 50 （ HRC ） Hardness 62

52 48 1,120℃ 60 50 46

48 44 58 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 520 540 560 580 600 Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ）

Standard heat treatment conditions of YSS High Speed Tool Steels P/M High Speed Tool Steels

HAP10 HAP40 HAP50 68 70 70 1,200℃ 1,200℃ 1,180℃ 1,200℃ 1,180℃ 1,220℃ 66 1,160℃ 1,160℃ 68 1,140℃ 1,140℃ 68 64 1,120℃ 66 1,180℃ 62 66 64 1,160℃

60 1,120℃ 64 62 58 Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 1,100℃ 1,100℃ 1,075℃ 60 62 56 1,075℃ 1,050℃ 1,050℃ 58 54 1,025℃ 1,025℃ 60

52 56 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600 Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ）

HAP72 HAP5R 72 66

1,200℃ 70 1,180℃ 64 1,160℃ 1,220℃ 68 62 1,180℃ 1,160℃ 1,140℃

66 60

1,120℃ Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness Hardness （ HRC ） Hardness 64 58

1,100℃

62 56

60 54 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600 Tempering temperature（ ℃ ） Tempering temperature（ ℃ ）

The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data, it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11 Head Ofﬁce SEAVANS North Building, 1-2-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tel. +81-3-5765-4410 Tokyo 105-8614, Japan Fax. +81-3-5765-8317 High-Grade Metals Company

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