Annual Report 1999–2000

National Humanities Center

Report 1999–2000 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES

The founders of the National Humanities Center shared a conviction that the humanities embody the historical, cultural, and intellectual contexts in which we live as individuals, communities, and nations. They believed that we turn to the record of the past, the great achievements of literature and the arts, and the enduring insights of philosophical, moral, and religious thought in order to attain a more profound understanding of the human condition. In pursuit of this goal, the National Humanities Center is guided by the following principles:

EXCELLENCE The Center identifies outstanding individuals from all fields of the humanities. It encourages those whose work displays a commitment to assid- uous research, intellectual fairness, respect for evidence, logical argument, and clear expression. The excellence of the individual scholar is fundamental to the Center.

COMMUNITY The Center creates an intellectual community of the best scholars in order that the vigorous exchange of ideas might strengthen the work of all. It provides a forum where individuals engage as colleagues, freely present their own views, and refine their assumptions through the continual examination of one another’s thought. The Center’s community of scholars rests upon a foundation of civility and mutual respect.

RESPONSIBILITY The Center provides a distinctive environment for humanistic inquiry in the belief that excellent scholarship not only increases knowledge and strengthens teaching, but also informs public discourse and there- by elevates our national vision. The Center endeavors to extend the influence of the humanities as widely as possible. Table of Contents National Humanities Center Annual Report from the President and Director 1 report Work of the Fellows, 1999-2000 16 July 1, 1999 – June 30, 2000

Statistics 26

Books 29

Financial Statement 32

Supporting the Center 35

Staff 43

Board of Trustees 44

The National Humanities Center does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, national and ethnic origin, handicap, sexual orientation or preference, or age in the administration of its selection policies, educational policies, and other Center-administered programs.

Editor: David B. Rice Photographs: Jennifer Horney Ron Jautz Kent Mullikin Design: Lesley Landis Designs

The National Humanities Center’s Report (ISSN 1040-130X) is printed on recycled paper by McCain Printing.

Telephone: 919-549-0661 Facsimile: 919-990-8535 E-mail: [email protected] www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080 Annual Report from the President and Director

On June 30, 2000, the National Humanities Center completed a $22 million endowment campaign, two years early and $2 million over our goal. On the same date, we concluded a ﬁscal year during which the Fellows, Trustees, and friends of the Center exceeded the once undreamed-of ﬁgure of more than $500,000 in annual giving.

As friends and foundations fulfill their commitments to the Campaign for the National Humanities Center during the next three to five years, the annual income Fellowships Named and Endowed during the Campaign for the National Humanities Center from $22 million in new endowment will November 1997 to June 2000 provide stipends and library, computer, Senior Fellowships ($1.5 million endowments) John P. Birkelund Senior Fellowship editorial, and other support for 16 Fellows. Archie K. Davis Senior Fellowship William C. and Ida Friday Senior Fellowship It will also provide additional income for Glaxo Wellcome Senior Fellowship the Center’s operations and for our Henry Luce Senior Fellowship Benno Schmidt Senior Fellowship education programs. Fellowships ($1 million endowments) This overnight success didn’t happen William J. Bouwsma Fellowship overnight, of course. Nor was it purely a Allen W. Clowes Fellowship Strachan Donnelley Family Fellowship response to the difficulties facing the fund- The Duke Endowment Fellowship ing of humanistic scholarship in the mid- John Hope Franklin Fellowship Robert F. and Margaret S. Goheen Fellowship 1990s. Strengthening the Center was, in my John Hurford Family Fellowship John G. Medlin, Jr. Fellowship Dr. Assad Meymandi and Family Endowed Fellowship Carl and Lily Pforzheimer Foundation Fellowship

1 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

mind, part of a vastly larger issue. In a small Examination of Liberal Tradition way, we were trying to build a civil society. Extended Just over 10 years ago the National “Liberal Cultures and Their Critics: The Humanities Center, reﬂecting on the Trials of a Transatlantic Tradition” is the latest in a series of seminars sponsored by The changes that were breaking up old regimes Andrew W. Mellon Foundation to honor and opening up vast new possibilities for Jack Sawyer, the late President of the Mellon Foundation and a Trustee of the Center. human beings everywhere, began a project “Liberal Cultures” has set before a group of on the concept of civil society. Leaders in diverse scholars the task of creating productive new avenues in a debate that has broad many parts of the world envisioned the implications for both the defenders and the critics of the liberal tradition. future of their countries through this con- This edition of the Sawyer Seminar is cast- cept, which has its roots in classical Greek ing a broad net. Topics for the 1999–2000 year included: “Liberal Conceptions of the and Roman ideas of freedom, was recon- Autonomous Self,” “Issues of Rights,” “Culture ceptualized in the European Enlightenment, and Communication,” “Equality and Authority,” “Aesthetics and Civility,” and and was given its most enduring expression “Nationalism.” in the American Revolution. Invited speakers included Martha Nussbaum of the University of Chicago Law The National Humanities Center’s efforts School, Todd Gitlin of New York University’s Media and Culture Center, and Alan Ryan, in advancing the understanding of civil the Warden of New College, Oxford. Fellows society were modest, but they clearly were and Trustees of the Center, including Anthony Appiah and Rochelle Gurstein, also presented deeply appreciated in many parts of the papers. (A paper from the seminar, “The world and had no small effect on individual Reshufﬂing of the Random: Divination and the Emergence of a Liberal Cosmos,” by lives and careers. Americans, to be sure, Jackson Lears of Rutgers University, tend to take civil society for granted and appears in the spring 2000 Ideas.) often have trouble understanding the term. It is, indeed, a phrase of many connotations

2 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

and meanings, but one aspect of it is very clear. If we are to have a truly civil society, here in the United States as well as in other parts of the world, we need strong institu- The stakes are high, according to Anthony La Vopa (Fellow 1983–84, ’98–99), the sem- tions, capable of standing up to outside inar’s director. “The future shape of American pressure. They must set their own agendas, society is likely to depend to a large extent on the understanding of liberal thought and its and serve as forums in which citizens come implications,” La Vopa contends. “A reassess- together not to do the bidding of the state, ment, grounded in history, political philosophy, and other humanities, is of no less but to advance their own goals and achieve importance for other parts of the contemporary world, especially those seeking new social their highest aspirations. and political forms after the overthrow of The importance of strong, independent statist regimes.” La Vopa organized institutions came home to roost in the mid- “Liberal Cultures” 1990s. The federal government, once the with members of the Triangle Seminar source of more than 20 percent of the and Graduate Program Center’s budget, suddenly had far less in European and American Intellectual money available for advanced study in the History, which includes faculty and students from humanities; when visiting foundations I Duke University, North found that words like “humanities” and Carolina State University, and the University of “scholarship” sometimes produced dismis- North Carolina at sive, even hostile reactions. Chapel Hill. The Sawyer Seminar ROCHELLE G URSTEIN The Center’s ﬁnancial future looked will reconvene in (1998–99 ANDREW W. M ELLON F ELLOW) fall 2000 to continue ADDRESSES THE cloudy. We had invited to North Carolina S AWYER S EMINAR. its ambitious work. scholars from around the world, who afﬁrmed the idea that the institutions of

3 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

civil society are crucial mediators between Lilly Collegium Focuses on Religion the power of the state and the privacy of the and the Humanities individual, and explored how these institu- The 1999–2000 fellowship year was tions might be established and encouraged the third of four years in which the Lilly Endowment has sponsored a collegium on in the states of the former Soviet Union religion and the humanities at the National and large areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin Humanities Center. Lilly’s grant, designed to encourage scholars who do not work in America. But what about the National departments of religion to address topics in Humanities Center itself? It had to be religious studies, supports several Fellows each year and periodic seminars and conferences. strong and independent to play its role The 1999–2000 Lilly Fellows in Religion and the Humanities were Bradley Bateman, in civil society. Stuart Clark, Bernard McGinn, Richard That was the point at which that pecu- Newhauser, and Eleonore Stump. Other Fellows and scholars from nearby universities, liarly American institution, the board of as well as invited guests from across the trustees, proved its worth. In the fall of country, regularly joined the seminar. Seminar topics included the social and 1996, a group of the Center’s Trustees con- theological implications of encounters between vened as the Committee on the Twenty- medieval saints and lepers; historical inter- actions of apocalypticism and mysticism; and First Century to plot the best way to per- the religious impulses behind the founding of the American Economics Association in 1885. petuate the institution’s mission and secure Raﬁuddin Ahmed (Jessie Ball duPont Fellow) its future. Over the next year, with the help and Michael Peletz (Andrew W. Mellon Fellow) were invited to discuss “Islamic of staff and outside counsel, our Board Responses to Europe in South and Southeast developed its recommendations into a Asia: Colonial Confrontation and Postcolonial Transformation.” strategic plan—if not the ﬁrst, then surely the most comprehensive in the Center’s history.

4 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

The Trustees did not blanch when they saw its implications. To thrive in the ap- proaching new century, the Center had to do two things simultaneously—dramatically For Bateman, whose book project is The Force of the River Itself: The Social Gospel increase its endowment and double annual and American Economics, the Lilly giving. The resources, moreover, had to be Collegium was invaluable. Because many of the men who made economics into a profes- focused on the core of our work, the sup- sional discipline were Protestant ministers port for scholarship through the residential animated by the Social Gospel, which aimed to ameliorate the worst abuses of the industri- fellowship program. We were not certain al revolution, Bateman came to the Center hoping to benefit from the insights of scholars at the outset of the magnitude of support who could contribute to his understanding of available for advanced study in the human- America, and especially religion in America, at the end of the nineteenth century. ities, but we became convinced that we Coming from Grinnell College to the would have to act boldly to preserve our Center, and benefiting from the wisdom of historians, literary scholars, philosophers, intellectual and financial independence. classicists, and others, Bateman says, has given If we were to have a center capable of living him the opportunity to write a book about economics that will appeal to a broader audience. “If I was on sabbatical this year in Grinnell, Iowa, I could go up to Madison ENDOWMENT GROWTH more easily to do archival work,” he says, 50 “but I would never be able to have this kind

40 of exposure and real scholarly interchange with people from other disciplines. For me, 30 that’s invaluable.”

20 DOLLARS IN MILLIONS

0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

5 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

up to its goal of extending the inﬂuence of the humanities as widely as possible, we had First Study Named to build an endowment and an annual fund For the last several years of her life, Susan that would enable the institution to thrive Emily Rose Warner was a regular guest at the National Humanities Center’s lectures, con- regardless of the largess of federal institu- certs, and “friends luncheons.” A retired high tions and foundations. school history teacher, Emily Warner under- stood the importance of providing a place The Board approved an ambitious plan where accomplished and promising scholars in November 1997. Then they put their could put aside other responsibilites and devote a year to research and writing — shoulders to the wheel to make it work. she was a 1992–93 recipient of a National So did many others, not least our Fellows, Endowment for the Humanities Teacher- Scholar Award, which allowed her to spend who recognized that if humanistic scholars a year researching the history of American women to 1920. do not support scholarship in the human- After Warner died of ovarian cancer last ities, we cannot expect others to pay our December, her husband, Seth, honored her memory by endowing one of the studies where way. A group of Fellows began a national the Center’s Fellows do their work. “We both lecture program, directing their personal always believed in supporting the intellectual life,” he says, “especially when it means support for scholars who need some time away.” ANNUAL GIVING The endowment will provide annual sup- $600,000 port for the library, technical, and other ser- Trustees Fellows Friends

$500,000

$400,000

$300,000

$200,000 PROJECTED PROJECTED

$100,000

0 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02

6 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

gifts and honoraria toward the creation of a “Fellows’ Fellowship.” Corporations and foundations followed the Fellows’ good lead—presidents and vices that allow the Fellows to get so much done in their studies. To commemorate the program ofﬁcers listened closely when we gift, the Center will place a plaque in Emily explained that our greatest need was for Warner’s memory on the door to one of the Fellows’ studies. Each year the Warner fami- endowed fellowships. Friends from near and ly—Seth and Emily’s son Lawrence, himself far were no less generous. I used to know a scholar of medieval literature, is also a supporter of the Center—will receive an almost all of our donors personally. Now we announcement of the Fellow who will occupy the study, and will have the opportunity to receive checks, large and small, from people meet him or her at luncheons, lectures, and I have never met but who share my convic- other events. tion that this institution is a city built on a hill, a symbol of hope as well as a source of strength for humane learning everywhere. The staff of the Center pitched in as well, combining their expertise in the care and feeding of scholars with warm-spirited welcome at every public event. The S USAN E MILY ROSE WARNER Communications and Development staff, restructured and slightly expanded in accord with our strategic plan, mastered the layout of airports around the country. When nature temporarily frowned on their efforts, they worked the phones and faxes of the

7 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

hotels where they were snowbound. The people who staff the other programs of the Spreading the Word Center—administration, fellowship, library, The final sentence of the National and education—renewed their efforts to Humanities Center’s Statement of Principles reads, “The Center endeavors to extend the ensure that the Center was physically and influence of the humanities as widely as possi- fiscally sound. Each year they become ble.” Throughout 1999–2000, the Center endeavored through multiple media to carry more effective at meeting the needs of the out this part of its mission. Fellows, the participants in the educational The public lecture series gave the Research Triangle community the opportunity to listen enrichment programs, and the public who to—and question—Fellows Stuart Clark, come to the Center for stimulating lectures, Robert Richardson, Tim Taylor, Sherry Ortner, Kim Rogers and Jerry Ward, Eleonore concerts, and exhibits. Stump, Claudia Tate, and Peter Bardaglio. Founding Trustee M. H. Abrams returned in Everyone did their jobs so well that in March to deliver a lecture, “‘This Green March 1999 we found ourselves with Earth’: The Vision of Nature in Romantic Poetry.” $16.3 million in pledges and payments The Center hosted three photography toward our $20 million goal. On March 26, exhibits: David Finn’s “Classical Sculpture”; Bill Wright’s “People’s Lives: A Photographic Journey”; and Jean Anne Leuchtenburg’s “Angles of Vision, Dances of Color.” Vol. 6, no. 2 and vol. 7, no. 1 of the Center’s mag- CAMPAIGN PROGRESS azine, Ideas, included a series of brief essays 25 from participants in the Sawyer Seminar on Achieved Identity, as well as an article based 20 on a paper presented to the latest Sawyer 15 Seminar, which is examining “Liberal

Cultures and Their Critics.” Stephen Pyne 10 provided the cover photograph to accompany DOLLARS IN MILLIONS his meditation on the role of the humanist in 5 the wider world in vol. 6, no. 2, and Bill 0 10/97 2/98 6/98 10/98 2/99 6/99 10/99 2/00 6/00

8 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

the day we publicly announced the Cam- paign, we were already 80 percent of the way there. After some hard thinking, the Trustees determined that rather than Wright’s photographs and an accompanying essay appeared in vol. 7, no. 1. Despite increase the goal, the best way to fulﬁll our fathering a third son and managing his newly strategic plan was to move it closer. Instead enlarged family’s move to his home state of Illinois, Joseph Parsons completed a second of 2002, we rescheduled the end date for stellar year as June 30, 2000. editor. Three issues of News of the National We passed $20 million in pledges and Humanities Center presented features about the Fellows and friends of the Center, as well commitments during March 2000. Securing as a running tally of the Campaign for the the 16th fellowship took a little longer, but National Humanities Center, which came to a successful conclusion on June 30. with a pledge received during the ﬁnal week Back issues of Ideas can be found of June, we completed an endowed fund on the Center’s World Wide Web site, http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080, which that will honor founding Trustee Bill Friday continues to evolve to serve the Center’s mis- and his wife Ida with a senior fellowship. In sion. Web administrator Linda Morgan has expanded TeacherServe® and added new information about the other education programs; updated the information on 23 years of Fellows and their books; created a stream- REVENUE SOURCES ing “News and Events” section; and otherwise 100 ensured that the Center is well represented in cyberspace. For tech-savvy donors, the 80 site has also added a secure server for on-line

60 gifts.

40 PERCENT OF TOTAL

0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Corporate, Foundation, and Other Institutions National Endowment for the Humanities Contributions from Individuals Endowment Draw

9 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

short, we did it—all of us, friends, Fellows, Summer Program Moves Scholarship Trustees, staff, people from many walks of Into College Classrooms life who want the humanities to be strong The Cotsen Scholars Program speeds the now and for generations to come. passage of new scholarship from the studies of the National Humanities Center to college The effects of our success are already classrooms. Funded by the Ahmanson Founda- on display throughout the Center. Six tion and named for past Trustee Lloyd Cotsen, Cotsen grants give Fellows extra time in the new fellowships will provide income toward Center’s studies to craft new scholarship into fellowships in 2000–2001, joining the nine effective teaching tools. In 2000, six “Cotsen Scholars” spent a endowed before the Campaign. The Center portion of the summer at the Center working on projects including Islam’s take on European will host a record-tying 42 Fellows, and we civilization, contemporary American medicine have ended several years of stagnation in and its consumers, and new technologies that improve our understanding of the human the stipends we can offer these outstanding mind. scholars. That is especially good news, Anthony La Vopa and Suzanne Raitt, both National Endowment for the because the climate for humanistic schol- Humanities Fellows in 1998–99, began arship, although surely improved in recent “Life Traces,” a project that had its genesis in a biography seminar organized by a group of years, continues to be unstable. Fellows. Raitt and La Vopa plan to launch a Web site by September 2001 that will use excerpts from biographies in a range of ﬁelds, FELLOWS IN RESIDENCE & STIPENDS as well as photographs, paintings, and other 50 visual aids, to encourage students to take a critical look at several aspects of biography. 40 “I would hope that the Web site would provide a week-by-week structure for a class that 30

20 PERCENT OF TOTAL 34 36 37 41 10 $27,384 $30,355 $29,629 $30,589

0 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000

Fellows in Residence Stipends

10 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

The greatest benefit of the Campaign, however, is the energy it releases and the confidence it has built for new initiatives. Throughout our endowment-building culminates in the section of the site where we talk about how to put together an actual bio- efforts, the Center has continued its long- graphical narrative,” Raitt says. “It would standing efforts to strengthen teaching as give students an understanding of the differ- ent choices they could make and then help well as scholarship—in fact, several them put together their own narrative.” Campaign donors specified that we dedicate The first Cotsen Scholars were two 1997–98 Fellows, George Saliba and Michele the income from their gifts to our education Longino, who returned to the Center in summer 1999 to develop “Visions of Islam in programs. Completing the Campaign and Renaissance Europe,” a guide to new knowl- building a strong foundation under our edge about the interaction between Arabic and European societies during the early mod- fellowship program frees us to explore new ern period. “Visions” can be found through ways for the Center to help teachers incor- the news and events section of the Center’s Web site, . The porate humanistic scholarship into the cur- Center will help the other Cotsen scholars post riculum and, as important, to inspire them and publicize their projects as they are completed. for work that remains as underappreciated as it is essential. A significant way in which we strive to strengthen teaching is to craft programs that make teachers partners in our mission. Teachers, we find—high school teachers in particular—are hungry for intellectual suste- nance. They are not getting it, they tell us, in most existing professional development

11 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

programs. In summer institutes at the High Marks for Center, during the academic year in schools Teacher Leadership Program around the country, and every day through The benefits of the Teacher Leadership for TeacherServe® on our Web site, we are Professional Development Program, according to the participants, include better relation- offering an alternative based on fresh schol- ships with colleagues and intellectual renewal. arship and access to scholars who are excited At Louisburg Elementary School in Louisburg, N.C., the students seem to be profiting as to engage these teachers as fellow intellectu- well. als. With the help of past Trustee Lloyd In 1996–97, according to North Carolina’s Department of Public Instruction, only Cotsen and the Ahmanson Foundation, 51.9 percent of Louisburg Elementary’s students were meeting the standards for their we have also started an effort to expedite grade level. By 1998–99, when Judy Stover the flow of fresh scholarship produced at and 26 of her colleagues began planning a yearlong professional development seminar the Center to college classrooms. called “Cultural Diversity: Understanding The studies we have commissioned tell Each Other through the Arts,” 59 percent of students were performing at grade level. us that teachers are excited to engage our In 1999–2000, the percentage jumped to Fellows and one another in spirited debate 66.5, Stover reports, “only one-tenth of a decimal point away” from exemplary status. on topics they find important to their own The Teacher Leadership Program is making a difference, says Louisburg Elementary intellectual development. The Center’s pro- Principal Lynn Henderson. “I have observed grams make them more excited about teach- an increase in staff morale, quality of instruction, and academic capabilities of all students ing, and better equipped to be good teach- through the end-of-grade test scores,” he ex- ers. Now we are beginning to hear from plains. “The Teacher Leadership Program has given my staff higher expectations for principals who believe that the Teacher all students as well as for themselves.” Leadership Program is behind renewed The program brings schools into partner- ships with the Center and with local colleges enthusiasm, better morale, and higher test and universities to develop seminars under the scores. (Please see the accompanying story

12 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

on the experience of the Louisburg Elementary School in North Carolina.) A group of Trustees has already begun looking at the Center’s existing education programs and ways that we can be even more effective in this area in the future. guidance of Fellows and other scholars. Stover We will have much more to report. and her colleagues worked with 1997–98 Fellow Joy Kasson and Ray Williams, Curator For the time being, simply let me of Education at the University of North say thank you. There were 55 endow- Carolina’s Ackland Art Museum, to plan and conduct “Cultural Diversity.” This year they ment donors during the Campaign, and will develop a new seminar for 2001–2002. 673 annual gift donors in 1999–2000. Funding for the Teacher Leadership for Professional Development Program comes Countless others helped the Center by from the William R. Kenan, Jr., Charitable giving lectures, donating books, organizing Trust. For more information on the program, visit the Center’s Web site at seminars, and providing wise counsel. .

THE CAMPAIGN FOR THE NATIONAL HUMANITIES CENTER STRATEGIC PLAN GOALS (11/97) VERSUS ACTUAL (6/30/00) Endowment & Income Expenses Gifts and Pledges

5,000 2,000 50,000

4,000 40,000 1,500

3,000 30,000

1,000

2,000 20,000 DOLLARS IN HUNDREDS DOLLARS IN HUNDREDS DOLLARS IN HUNDREDS 500 1,000 10,000

0 0 0 Annual Endowment Total Fellowship Scholarly Education Giving Draw Revenue Stipends Services Programs

Campaign Endowment Strategic Plan Goals Actual Net Asset Value Gifts & Pledges

13 A NNUAL R EPORT FROM THE P RESIDENT AND D IRECTOR

Collectively, you have helped an institution Leading the Way that is making a difference on many fronts, you have pointed it to an even more ambi- One of the architects of the Campaign for the National Humanities Center, John tious future, and you have as well helped to Hurford died in April 2000, leaving behind his wife, Hilge, and daughter, Jennifer. A strengthen civil society. graduate of Haverford College and Harvard In thanking all the Center’s many friends, University, Hurford was an international investment adviser and a philanthropist. John I must single out two Trustees for a special Whitehead, who served with Hurford on sev- expression of gratitude. During the eral boards of trustees, including Haverford’s and the Center’s, delivered the eulogy at his Campaign, John Hurford and John Medlin memorial service. An excerpt of his remarks served as Development Co-Chairs. From follows. John was a their home bases—John Hurford’s in New leader, a natural- born leader. He York, John Medlin’s in Winston-Salem, was a quiet leader N.C.— these two made the visits and phone and a thoughtful leader. He was a calls that turned a number of Campaign good listener, too, prospects into committed donors. John and he had the J OHN H URFORD: Hurford’s reputation and gentle, persuasive “…A QUIET LEADER AND A THOUGHTFUL LEADER.” style opened doors for the Center throughout the Northeast, while John Medlin’s standing as a leader among North Carolinians made it possible for the Center’s home state to achieve its campaign goal of $7.4 million. Sadly, John Hurford died in April, just two months before the Campaign came to

14 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

its successful conclusion. His passing tem- pers our celebration of the achievements he did so much to make possible, but I hope that his wife, Hilge, his daughter, Jennifer, ability, rather unusual, to listen carefully to the views of others and then to reach and the many friends who mourn his pass- conclusions which somehow encompassed ing will take comfort in the knowledge that everyone’s views. This quality was evident, not only in his successful business career, the National Humanities Center, like the but also in his later life as he became many other institutions he served as Trustee involved in a variety of educational and foreign policy organizations. and friend, is stronger for his advocacy and John died too soon. I simply could not believe it when I heard the news. He had so generous support. The Hurford Family much more to give. But he left behind an Fellowship is one of 16 new fellowships important and valuable legacy. He showed that an able person who has achieved great endowed during the Campaign; another success in one area can go on and achieve is named for John Medlin. I am pleased great successes and make great contributions in other areas. This is an important that their names and good work will live legacy which we all should appreciate and on through the Hurford and Medlin remember. Surely he did not die in vain and I am very proud to have been his Fellows who will join our intellectual friend. community in years to come.

15 Work of the Fellows, 1999–2000

Rafiuddin Ahmed (Jessie Ball Carla Antonaccio (National Peter W. Bardaglio (Jessie Ball duPont Fellow) completed three Endowment for the Humanities duPont Fellow) completed his chapters of Religious Symbols and Fellow) wrote an introduction and book, Daily Life in the South Political Mobilization: The Bengal two chapters, and drafted a third during Reconstruction, to be pub- Muslims, 1905–1947, a mono- chapter, of her forthcoming book lished by Greenwood Press, and graph accepted for publication entitled Excavating Colonization began writing another book on by Oxford University Press. He (under contract with the Univer- “Rape by Fraud: Men, Women, wrote an introduction for an edit- sity of Texas Press). She revised and Sexual Assault in the ed volume entitled Understanding an article entitled “Colonization Nineteenth-Century South.” He the Bengal Muslims: Interpretive and Acculturation,” to appear wrote an essay, “On the Border: Essays, of which he is the editor, in Ancient Perceptions of Greek White Children and the Politics of to be published by Oxford Uni- Ethnicity, edited by I. Malkin War in Maryland, 1861–1865,” for versity Press in December 2000, (Harvard University Press, in a volume entitled The Experience and an article entitled “Islamic press). She wrote an article enti- of War: Civilians in the American Response to Europe in Colonial tled “Warriors, Traders, Ancestors: Civil War, edited by Joan Cashin South Asia: Jihad against the The ‘Heroes’ of Lefkandi,” to be (Johns Hopkins University Press, ‘Inﬁdels’?” that will be included included in a forthcoming book, forthcoming), and an encyclope- in an anthology entitled The Images of Ancestors (Århus Studies dia entry, “Boys and the Civil Bengal Muslims in Transition: in Mediterranean Archaeology), War,” for Boyhood in America Essays in Social and Cultural His- and another article entitled (ABC-CLIO, forthcoming). In tory (Oxford University Press, “Siculo-Geometric and the Sikels: addition, he wrote reviews of forthcoming). Ahmed is Asso- Identity and Material Culture in several books for the Journal of ciate Professor of History, Elmira Eastern Sicily,” for a volume called Southern History, H-Net Reviews, College, and Adjunct Professor of Greek Identity in the Western and the American Historical History, Cornell University. Mediterranean, edited by K. Review. Bardaglio is Elizabeth Lomas (under contract with E. J. Conolly Todd Distinguished Brill). She reviewed several books Professor of History, Goucher for the Bryn Mawr Classical College. Review, the American Journal of Bradley W. Bateman (Lilly Archaeology, and the American Endowment Fellow in Religion and Journal of Philology. Antonaccio the Humanities) ﬁnished an article, is Associate Professor of Classical co-authored with Ethan Kapstein, Studies and Archaeology, entitled “Between God and the Wesleyan University. Market: The Religious Roots of the American Economic Asso- ciation,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 13 (fall 1999). He wrote “The End of Keynes and Philosophy?, part I” and “The End of Keynes and Philosophy?, LTOR D ANIEL S HERMAN, part II” (both translated by S. J OANNE M EYEROWITZ, AND T ERENCE M C I NTOSH Mizuhara) for The Keizai Seminar

* Support provided by an endowed fellowship 16 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

(May 2000), and “The Skills of Thomas Christiano (Frank H. and “Arguing for Equality of Freedom: The Liberal Education Kenan Fellow*) completed most Condition.” Christiano is of William J. Barber,” a chapter of his book project on the philo- Associate Professor of Philosophy, for a book on the lives of the most sophical foundations of democra- University of Arizona. prominent historians of economic cy. He wrote a number of essays, Stuart Clark (Lilly Endowment thought in the twentieth century, all of which have been accepted Fellow in Religion and the Human- edited by Warren Samuels and for publication, including ities) drafted three chapters of a Steven Medema (to be published “Waldron on Law and Disagree- monograph on “Visual Reality in by Routledge). He finished an ment,” for Law and Philosophy; Early Modern Europe,” and wrote essay, “The Force of the River “Knowledge and Power in the two essays: “Johannes Althusius Itself: The Social Gospel and Justification of Democracy,” for and the Politics of Witchcraft,” American Economics,” for the Australasian Journal of Philosophy; for a Festschrift in honor of Benut Center’s journal, Ideas (forthcom- “Cohen on Incentives, Inequality Ankarloo, to be published by the ing, fall 2000). His paper, “Make and Egalitarianism,” to appear in University of Lund, and a Righteous Number: Social Sur- Ethics and Economics, edited by “Demons, Natural Magic, and veys, the Men and Religion For- Julian Lamont, Christi Favor, and Virtual Reality: Illusion in Early ward Movement, and Quantifica- Gerald Gaus (Buffalo: Humanities Modern Europe,” for a volume of tion in American Social Science,” Press); “Is Democracy Merely a essays on the history of science, will appear in a special number Means to Justice?” as part of published by Sixteenth-Century of the journal History of Political Papers on Philippe Van Parijs’s Studies. He wrote the introduction Economy, to be titled The Age Political and Economic Thought, and edited a collection of essays of Measurement. Bateman is edited by Andrew Williams entitled Languages of Witchcraft: Professor of Economics, (MacMillan Press); and an entry Narrative, Ideology and Meaning Grinnell College. on “Democracy,” for the Inter- (Routledge, 2000). Clark is national Encyclopedia of Social Jodi Bilinkoff (Andrew W. Mellon Professor of History, University and Behavioural Sciences (Elseviers). Fellow) wrote an essay, “Francisco of Wales, Swansea, and British He drafted two other essays: Losa and Gregorio López: Academy Reader. “Rawls’s Argument for Toleration,” Spiritual Friendship and Identity Formation on the New Spain Frontier,” and a book chapter, tentatively titled “Whose Life Is This Anyway? Confession and Collaboration in the Making of Early Modern Hagiography.” Bilinkoff is Associate Professor of History, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

LTOR C LAUDIA TATE, MICHELLE M ASSÉ, E LEONORE S TUMP, NANCY TOMES, AND G ÜVEN G ÜZELDERE

17 LTOR Jonathan M. Hess (Sawyer R AFIUDDIN A HMED, KIM L ACY ROGERS, AND J ERRY WARD, Seminar Fellow) completed one chapter and finished the research for and began writing another Laura Gowing (Research Triangle chapter for his book, Colonizing Foundation Josephus Daniels Diaspora: Debating Jewish Eman- Fellow*) drafted three chapters of cipation in Germany, 1781–1815. her book on the reproductive He completed work on an article body and the social world in entitled “Johann David Michaelis seventeenth-century England. and the Colonial Imaginary: She also revised and completed Orientalism and the Emergence of a chapter, “Ordering the Body” Racial Antisemitism in Eighteenth- for a volume entitled Order, Century Germany,” forthcoming Hierarchy and Subordination in in Jewish Social Studies, and fin- Early Modern Britain, edited by ished an essay, “Memory, History Michael J. Braddick and John and the Jewish Question: Walter, to be published by Universal Citizenship and the Manchester University Press Susan Crane (National Endow- Colonization of Jewish Memory,” (2000). Gowing is Senior ment for the Humanities Fellow) that will be part of an anthology Lecturer in History, University drafted the introduction and three edited by Peter Fritzsche and Alon of Hertfordshire. chapters for her book, Court Confino on The Social Practices Performances of the Hundred Years Ruth Grant (John E. Sawyer of Memory in Germany. Hess is War. Crane is Professor of English, Fellow*) began writing her book Associate Professor of Germanic Rutgers University. project on “The Ethics of Incen- Languages, University of North Susan L. Einbinder (National tives: Persuasion, Bribery or Carolina at Chapel Hill. Blackmail?” Grant is Associate Endowment for the Humanities Samuel Kerstein (National Professor of Political Science, Fellow) spent the year working Endowment for the Humanities Duke University. on her book on the medieval Fellow) wrote a book entitled literature of Jewish Martyrdom. Güven Güzeldere (National The Derivation of the Categorical Einbinder is Associate Professor Endowment for the Humanities Imperative: On the Foundations of of Hebrew Literature, Hebrew Fellow) concentrated on his pro- Kant’s Ethics, which is now under Union College. ject, “The Last Hundred Years review. Kerstein is Assistant of Consciousness.” Güzeldere is Professor of Philosophy, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, University of Maryland. Duke University.

* Support provided by an endowed fellowship 18 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Susan Langdon (Allen W. Clowes Michelle A. Massé (Delta Delta Paula McDowell (Research Triangle Fellow*) researched and wrote Delta Fellow*) wrote two chapters Foundation Walter Hines Page Fel- three chapters of her book, pro- for her book entitled The Mirror low*) drafted three chapters and visionally entitled Gender and of Fashion: Critical Expectations did extensive research for six other Society in Early Iron Age Greece. and the Work of Louisa May chapters of her book, Fugitive She wrote two articles,“Inalienable Alcott. Her other writing included Voices. She drafted an introductory Possessions: Biographies from “Report on Faculty Ranks and essay for a volume she is editing, Early Greece” and “Trial by Reviews by a Commission at called Essential Works: Elinor Amazon,” and ﬁnished two oth- Louisiana State University and James, as part of the Early Modern ers, “Figurines and Social Change: A&M College” (with Ravi Rau, Englishwoman Series of Ashgate- Visualizing Gender in Dark Age Gene Wittkopf, and Ralph Scolar Press. She wrote several Greece” for From the Ground Up: Kinney), forthcoming in Academe: articles, including “The Beyond Gender Theory in Archae- Bulletin of the American Associa- Spectacular Failure of the ology. Proceedings of the Fifth tion of University Professors 86 Philadelphian Society” and Gender and Archaeology Conference (May/June 2000); “Melodramas “Fugitive Papers: The 76 (and and “Female Figurines on Greek of Beset (Real) Womanhood: Counting) Works of Elinor Geometric Bronze Tripods” for Women Narrating Feminism in James.” She prepared entries for Proceedings of the 13th Academia” for Concerns: A Publi- Andrew Sowle, Jane Sowle, Tace International Bronze Congress cation of the Women’s Caucus for Sowle, and Elinor James for the (Journal of Roman Archaeology the Modern Language Association New Dictionary of National Supplement). Langdon is Adjunct 27 (spring/summer 2000); “Time Biography (Oxford University Associate Professor of Art History in a Bottle: Narcissism, Aging, Press, U.K., forthcoming), and and Archaeology, University of and the Novel of Formation” for wrote a review for Modern Phil- Missouri-Columbia. a collection based on the 1999 ology. McDowell is Associate Obermann Seminar on Aging; Professor of English, University “Constructing the Psychoanalytic of Maryland. Child: Freud’s History of an Bernard McGinn (Lilly Endow- Infantile Neurosis for Studies in ment Fellow in Religion and the Romanticism; and “Reproducing Humanities) wrote ﬁve chapters Administration: Women, Power, on Meister Eckhart that will and Academia” (under review). appear in The Harvest of She wrote reviews of several books Mysticism, and an article on for Aging and Human Identity; “Apocalypticism and Mysticism,” Modern Fiction Studies; and Novel: published in Zeitspunge 3 (1999). A Forum on Fiction. Massé is McGinn is Naomi Shenstone Associate Professor of English, Donnelley Professor of Religion, Louisiana State University. Divinity School, University of Chicago.

S USAN L ANGDON AND S TUART C LARK

19 Terence McIntosh (Andrew W. Joanne Meyerowitz (National Carol Muller (National Endow- Mellon Fellow) drafted two Endowment for the Humanities ment for the Humanities Fellow) chapters for his book, under Fellow) completed a draft of her concentrated on her book, A the working title “The Church, book on the history of transsexu- Home Within: Cape Jazz Singing the Courts, and Illicit Sex in ality in the United States, tenta- in Exile, and an accompanying Germany, 1700–1830,” and tively titled How Sex Changed: compact disc. She revised a chap- wrote an article entitled “Urban A History of Transsexuality in the ter entitled “‘Written’ into the Demographic Stagnation in Early U.S., to be published by Harvard Book of Life: Nazarite Women’s Modern South Germany: A University Press. She also com- Performance Inscribed As Physical Simulation” for the Journal of pleted an article, “Sex Research Text in Ibandla lamaNazaretha,” Interdisciplinary History. He wrote at the Borders of Gender: Trans- which will be republished, with reviews of several books for the vestites, Transsexuals, and Alfred musical examples on compact American Historical Review, the C. Kinsey,” for the Bulletin of the disc, in Music and Ritual in Africa, Journal of Modern History, and History of Medicine, and drafted edited by Daniel Avorgbedor the Journal of Canadian History. part of a historiographic essay on (Edwin Mellon Press, forthcom- McIntosh is Associate Professor women in the postwar U.S., to be ing). She revised an article entitled of History, University of North published in Blackwell’s Compan- “Capturing the ‘Spirit of Africa’ in Carolina at Chapel Hill. ion to American Women’s History. the Jazz Singing of South African Meyerowitz is Professor of Born Sathima Bea Benjamin,” for Louise McReynolds (Andrew W. History, Indiana University, and Research in African Literatures, and Mellon Fellow) ﬁnished a draft of editor of the Journal of American prepared an article, “Translating her book, Russia at Play: Leisure- History. American Music, Rehearsing Time Activities in Late Imperial Global Citizenship: Magical Russia. She wrote an article enti- Technologies, ‘Cape Colo[u]red- tled “Spectacular Masculinity: Wrestlers As Icons in Turn-of-the- Century Russia,” and ﬁnished another article that will appear in a volume she is co-editing with Joan Neuberger of the University of Texas, entitled Melodrama in Russia (Duke University Press, forthcoming). McReynolds is Professor of History, University of Hawaii.

LTOR S USAN E INBINDER, T HOMAS C HRISTIANO, LOUISE M C R EYNOLDS, C HRISTOPHER S ELLERS, AND S AMUEL K ERSTEIN

* Support provided by an endowed fellowship 20 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Heuristik bedrohter Integrität in der Vormoderne, edited by P. von Moos, Norm und Struktur (Köln, Weimar, Vienna: Böhlau); “Inter scientiam et populum: Roger Bacon, Peter of Limoges, and the Tractatus moralis de oculo,” in After the Condemnations of 1277: The University of Paris in the Last Quarter of the Thirteenth Century, edited by K. Emery, Jr., and A. Speer, Miscellanea mediaevalia 28 (Berlin, New York: De Gruyter); and “The Parson’s Tale,” in Chaucer Sources and Analogues, vol. 1, edited by R. Correale et al. (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer). Newhauser is Professor of English LTOR J ONATHAN H ESS, HUGH T HOMAS, M ARJORIE WOODS, TIMOTHY TAYLOR, and Medieval Studies, Trinity E INAR T HOMASSEN, AND K ÄREN W IGEN University.

Sherry B. Ortner (Henry R. Luce ness,’ and Jazz Performance in Richard G. Newhauser (Lilly Fellow) completed a draft of her South Africa,” for the Journal of Endowment Fellow in Religion and book on social class in America in the American Musicological Society. the Humanities) wrote three chap- the second half of the twentieth Her article, “Sathima Bea ters for his book entitled Greed century, as viewed ethnohistorical- Benjamin Finds Cape Jazz to Be and Capital, and revised ﬁve chap- ly through the lives of her high Her Home Within,” was pub- ters of another book (co-authored school graduating class, the class lished in Sathima Bea Benjamin: with Edward Peters) entitled of 1958 of Weequahic High Embracing Jazz, edited by Lars Curiosity and the Limits to Inquiry School in Newark, N.J. She wrote Rasmussen (Copenhagen: The in the Western Tradition. In addi- a new preface for an Italian edi- Book Trader, 2000). She wrote tion, he wrote several articles that tion of Sexual Meanings (1981), liner notes for a compact disc: will be published in forthcoming which she co-authored with Sathima Bea Benjamin, Cape edited volumes, including: Harriet Whitehead. Ortner is Town Love (Cape Town: Ekapa “Zur Zweideutigkeit in der Professor of Anthropology, Records, 1999). She wrote reviews Moraltheologie. Als Tugenden Columbia University. for the University of Pennsylvania’s verkleidete Laster,” in Der Fehltritt Center for African Studies News- und die Diskurse über menschliche letter and for Ethnomusicology On Interaktions-kompetenz. Zur Line. Muller is Assistant Professor of Ethnomusicology, University of Pennsylvania.

21 Brenda Plummer (National Robert D. Richardson, Jr. (John Endowment for the Humanities P. Birkelund Senior Fellow*) began Fellow) wrote an essay, “Brown writing an intellectual biography Babies: Race, Gender, and Policy of William James. after World War II,” which will Kim Lacy Rogers (Rockefeller be published in a volume she is Foundation Fellow*) concentrated editing, tentatively called America’s on writing several chapters of a Dilemma: Race, Civil Rights, and book she is co-authoring with Foreign Affairs (University of Jerry W. Ward, Jr., entitled Delta North Carolina Press, forthcom- Narratives: Memory, Testimony, ing). She worked on a draft of a and Social Change, and con- book to be called Turbulent Era: ducted further research on cross- Afro-Americans and Foreign Affairs, S USAN C RANE AND cultural studies and theories of B RADLEY B ATEMAN 1954–1980, and an essay entitled trauma. Rogers is Professor of “The Power to Kill: Race, U.S. History and American Studies, Citizenship, and the Right to Bear Dickinson College. Arms.” Plummer is Professor of Michael G. Peletz (Andrew W. History, University of Wisconsin- Lars Schoultz (National Mellon Fellow) completed a draft Madison. Endowment for the Humanities of his book, tentatively titled Fellow) wrote two chapters and Bernard Reginster (National Sacred Texts, Contested States: completed outlines for the six Endowment for the Humanities Islamic Courts and Modernity other chapters of a book on the Fellow) revised an essay entitled in Malaysia, and began writing role of democracy in United States “Nietzsche’s ‘Revaluation’ of another book, tentatively titled foreign policy. Schoultz is William Altruism” (forthcoming in Sex and the State: Gender Cros- Rand Kenan, Jr., Professor of Nietzsche-Studien Jubiläumsband) sing, State Strategies, and ‘Asian Political Science, University of and wrote several others includ- Values’ in Southeast Asia. He com- North Carolina at Chapel Hill. ing: “The Problem of Perspect- pleted an article on “Ambivalence ivism” (forthcoming in Philosophy in Kinship since the Forties,” and Phenomenological Research); which will appear in Relative “Love, Shame and Alienation” Values: Reconfiguring Kinship (under review); and “What Is a Studies (Duke University Press, Free Spirit?” (under review). He forthcoming), and drafted an- completed a book chapter, other article titled “Reinscribing “Revaluation I: Perspectivism and ‘Asian Values’: Subject Making, Justification,” for his book, Nation Building, and Judicial Nietzsche. The Affirmation of Life. Process in Malaysia’s Islamic Legal Reginster is Assistant Professor of System.” Peletz is W. S. Schupf Philosophy, Brown University. Professor of Far Eastern Studies and Professor of Anthropology, Colgate University.

* Support provided by an endowed fellowship 22 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Christopher Sellers (National Daniel J. Sherman (Gould Claudia Tate drafted two chapters Endowment for the Humanities Foundation Fellow) engaged in for her book project under the Fellow) wrote drafts of the four research for his project on working title “Who’s That Lady?: core chapters of his book, now “De-Civilizing Mission: The Black Female Femininity, Subjec- tentatively titled Nature on the French Search for the Primitive, tivity, and Sexuality”; an article Edge: An Ecocultural History of 1945–1975.” He drafted an arti- entitled “The Enigma of Black the Modern American Suburb. cle that will become a book chap- Femininity in Kenneth He completed an essay, entitled ter on the development of an Macpherson’s Borderline (1930)” “Thoreau’s Body: Towards an ethnography of metropolitan (under review); and an introduc- Embodied Environmental France in the mid-twentieth cen- tion to Ann duCille’s “The Occult History,” for Environmental tury. His review article on “The of True Black Womanhood,” History; another one titled Arts and Sciences of Colonial- which will be included in “Environmentalist by Nature: ism,” will appear in French American Literary Methodologies, The Postwar America of Samuel Historical Studies. Sherman is edited by Claudia Stokes and Hays,” for Reviews in American Professor of French Studies Michael Elliott (Columbia History 28 (2000); and an intro- and History, Rice University. University Press, forthcoming). ductory essay for a volume of Tate is Professor of English and Eleonore Stump (Lilly Endow- Business History Review on African American Studies, ment Fellow in Religion and the “Business and the Environment,” Princeton University. Humanities) worked on her which he co-edited. Sellers is project, “Narrative and the Timothy Taylor (National Associate Professor of History, Knowledge of Suffering.” Stump Endowment for the Humanities State University of New York at is Robert J. Henle, S.J. Professor Fellow) completed a draft of his Stony Brook. of Philosophy, Saint Louis book, tentatively titled Techno University. Pop: Postwar Music, Technology, and Culture. Taylor is Assistant Professor of Musicology, LTOR C ARLA A NTONACCIO, PETER B ARDAGLIO, JODI B ILINKOFF, Columbia University. B ERNARD R EGINSTER, RUTH G RANT, AND PAULA M C D OWELL Hugh M. Thomas (National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow) spent the year working on two books, one tentatively titled The English and the Normans after the Norman Conquest, and the other tentatively titled Ethnicity, Identity, and the Revival of Englishness after the Norman Conquest. Thomas is Associate Professor of History, University of Miami.

23 Einar Thomassen spent his time Nancy Tomes (Burroughs Wellcome writing part of his book on The Fund Fellow) drafted the introduc- Spiritual Seed: The Church of the tion and six chapters of her book, “Valentinians.” His other writing Making the Modern Health Con- included a commentary on The sumer. She wrote a number of Interpretation of Knowledge (Nag articles including: “The Making Hammadi codex XI), to be pub- of a Germ Panic, Then and Now,” lished by Les Presses de l’Univer- which appeared in American sité Laval, Quebec; a chapter on Journal of Public Health 90 “Christianity in America, Africa, (February 2000); “Making the and Asia” for a volume entitled Modern Health Consumer,” and Kristendommen: En historisk “Beyond the ‘Two Psychiatries’: innfo/ring (Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, Jack Pressman’s Last Resort and 2000), which he co-authored with the History of Twentieth-Century Tarald Rasmussen, and an article, American Psychiatry,” both for “Christian Initiation in Antiquity: the Bulletin of the History of A Synopsis,” to be published in a Medicine; “We Die Differently collective volume. Thomassen is Now: Popular Perceptions of Professor of History of Religions, the Mortality Transition in the University of Bergen. Interwar United States,” commissioned for the Milbank Memorial Fund centennial volume, Health in America: The Past One Hundred Years, edited by Judith Sealander and Daniel M. Fox; “Dread LTOR M ICHAEL G. PELETZ, BRENDA P LUMMER, SHERRY O RTNER, R ICHARD N EWHAUSER, AND C AROL M ULLER Disease As Cultural Commodity,” scheduled to appear in Encounter- ing Microbes, a special issue of American Literary History, which she is co-editing; “The United States of Good Health: Medicine and Health Care in Twentieth- Century America,” commissioned by the Journal of American History; and “Madison Avenue Medicine” for the Center’s journal, Ideas 7, no. 1 (2000). Tomes is Professor of History, State University of New York at Stony Brook.

* Support provided by an endowed fellowship 24 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Jerry W. Ward, Jr. (Rockefeller (Nuovi Studi Storici); “Boys Will Foundation Fellow*) concentrated Be Women: Musings on Class- on writing several chapters of a room Nostalgia and the Chaucerian book he is co-authoring with Kim Audience(s),” in Speaking Images: Lacy Rogers, entitled Delta Essays in Honor of V. A. Kolve, edit- Narratives: Memory, Testimony, ed by Charlotte Cook Morse and and Social Change. Ward is Robert F. Yeager (Pegasus Press); Lawrence Durgin Professor and “Weeping for Dido: Epilogue of Literature, Tougaloo College. on a Premodern Rhetorical Exercise in the Postmodern Kären Wigen (Research Triangle Classroom,” in Latin Grammar Foundation Benjamin N. Duke and Rhetoric: Classical Theory and Fellow*) ﬁnished an article on Medieval Practice, edited by Carol “Teaching about Home: The Dana Lanham. Woods is Associate Global Politics of Local Studies Professor of English, University of in Interwar Nagano” for a special Texas, Austin. issue of the Journal of Asian Studies devoted to “Spatial Identities in Asia” (forthcoming) and drafted another article on the creation of the Japanese Alps for submission to the Journal of Historical Geography. Wigen is Jack H. Neely Associate Professor of History, Duke University.

Marjorie Curry Woods (Delta Delta Delta Fellow*) revised three chapters of her book, Rhetoric in the Medieval Classroom: The Commentaries on the ‘Poetria Nova’ and completed four essays, all of Photographer Ron Jautz made two trips to the National Humanities Center which are forthcoming: “The to take pictures of the 1999–2000 Fellows in and around the Archie K. Davis Teaching of Poetic Composition Building. Travel schedules and other obligations prevented (l to r below) in the Later Middle Ages,” in A Laura Gowing, Bernard McGinn, Robert Richardson, and Lars Schoultz from taking part. Fortunately, Deputy Director (and unofﬁcial Staff Photographer) Short History of Writing Instruc- Kent Mullikin captured them on ﬁlm for the Fellows and staff bulletin boards. tion: Antecedents of American Composition Practices, edited by James J. Murphy (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates); “Innocent III As a Rhetorical Figure,” in Innocenzo III; Urbs et Orbis

25 Statistics

Selection committee who Number of Fellows: 41 chose this year’s class Senior scholars ...... 29 Young scholars ...... 12 of Fellows (more than 10 years beyond Ph.D.) (10 years or less beyond Ph.D.)

Karen Halttunen Gender History, University of Male...... 21 Female ...... 20 California, Davis Ronnie Hsia Disciplines: 11 History, New York University Ancient History, Classics, J. Paul Hunter Archaeology ...... 2 Middle Eastern Studies ...... 1 English, University of Chicago Anthropology ...... 2 Modern Languages-German . . 1 Economics & Business ...... 1 Musicology ...... 2 James Olney English & American Literature 8 Philosophy ...... 5 English, Louisiana State University Government, Law, & Religion & Theology...... 2 Political Science...... 2 Richard Moran History ...... 15 Philosophy, Harvard University

Helmut Müller-Sievers Geographic Representation German, Northwestern United States: 38 from 19 states University Arizona...... 1 New York ...... 6 Erich Gruen Connecticut ...... 2 North Carolina ...... 8 Classics, University of District of Columbia...... 1 Ohio ...... 2 California, Berkeley Florida ...... 1 Pennsylvania ...... 1 Representing the Hawaii ...... 1 Rhode Island ...... 1 Center’s Board Illinois ...... 1 Texas ...... 3 Steven Marcus Iowa ...... 1 Wisconsin...... 1 Vice Chairman Louisiana ...... 1 Patricia Meyer Spacks Maryland ...... 2 Other Nations: 3 from 2 countries Chair of Scholarly Programs Mississippi ...... 1 Norway ...... 1 Committee Missouri ...... 2 United Kingdom...... 2 New Jersey ...... 2

26 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Institutions Represented United States: 30 Brown University ...... 1 University of Arizona ...... 1 Colgate University...... 1 University of Chicago ...... 1 Columbia University...... 2 University of Cincinnati . . . . . 1 Dickinson College ...... 1 University of Hawaii ...... 1 Duke University ...... 3 University of Maryland ...... 2 Elmira College ...... 1 University of Miami ...... 1 Goucher College...... 1 Univ. of North Carolina Grinnell College ...... 1 at Chapel Hill ...... 3 Hebrew Union College . . . . . 1 Univ. of North Carolina at Greensboro ...... 1 Louisiana State University . . . . 1 University of Pennsylvania. . . . 1 Princeton University ...... 1 University of Texas, Austin . . . 1 Rice University ...... 1 University of Wisconsin, Rutgers University, Madison ...... 1 New Brunswick...... 1 Wesleyan University ...... 2 Saint Louis University ...... 1 State Univ. of New York Other Nations: 3 at Stony Brook ...... 2 University of Bergen ...... 1 Tougaloo College ...... 1 University of Hertfordshire . . . 1 Trinity University ...... 1 University of Wales, Swansea . . 1 Unafﬁliated...... 1

27 28 Books by Fellows

Armitage, David (Fellow 1996–97). The Ideological Origins of the British Empire. Ideas in Context, 59. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Barber, Malcolm (Fellow 1998–99). The Cathars in Languedoc: Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Ages. The Medieval World. Harlow, England: Longman, 2000.

Bireley, Robert (Fellow 1998–99). The Refashioning of Catholicism, 1450–1700: A Reassessment of the Counter Reformation. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1999.

Bush, Jonathan A. (Fellow 1998–99), ed. Learning the Law: Teaching and the Transmission of Law in England, 1150–1900. Edited by Jonathan A. Bush and Alain Wijffels. London: Hambledon Press, 1999.

Campbell, Mary Baine (Fellow 1997–98). Wonder and Science: Imagining Worlds in Early Modern Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.

Chojnacki, Stanley (Fellow 1989–90). Women and Men in Renaissance Venice: Twelve Essays on Patrician Society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.

Crummey, Donald (Fellow 1992–93). Land and Society in the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: From the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000.

Donoghue, Denis (Fellow 1991–92; 1995–96; 1996–97; 1997–98; 1998–99). Words Alone: The Poet T. S. Eliot. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.

Ellis, David (Fellow 1991–92). Literary Lives: Biography and the Search for Understanding. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000.

Engelstein, Laura (Fellow 1997–98). Castration and the Heavenly Kingdom: A Russian Folktale. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.

Evergates, Theodore (Fellow 1994–95), ed. Aristocratic Women in Medieval France. Middle Ages Series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.

Fokkelman, J. P. (Fellow 1990–91). Reading Biblical Narrative: A Practical Guide. Tools for Biblical Study, 1. Leiden: Deo, 1999.

29 Freedman, Jonathan (Fellow 1994–95). The Temple of Culture: Assimilation and Anti-Semitism in Literary Anglo-America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Friedman, Edward H. (Fellow 1998–99). Wit’s End: An Adaptation of Lope de Vega’s “La dama boba.” Ibérica, vol. 32. New York: Peter Lang, 2000.

Hansen, Karen Tranberg (Fellow 1997–98). Salaula: The World of Secondhand Clothing and Zambia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

Honey, Michael Keith (Fellow 1995–96). Black Workers Remember: An Oral History of Segregation, Unionism, and the Freedom Struggle. The George Gund Foundation Imprint in African American Studies. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.

Jesseph, Douglas M. (Fellow 1993–94). Squaring the Circle: The War between Hobbes and Wallis. Science and Its Conceptual Foundations. Prizewinning Works Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.

The National Humanities Kasson, Joy S. (Fellow 1996–97). Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: Celebrity, Center has learned of the Memory, and Popular History. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000. following awards presented Klarer, Mario (Fellow 1995–96). An Introduction to Literary Studies. to Fellows for books written London: Routledge, 1999. at the Center. Krech, Shepard, III (Fellow 1993–94). The Ecological Indian: Myth James Olney (Fellow and History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999. 1980–81) is the recipient of the 1999 Christian Gauss Lycan, William G. (Fellow 1998–99). Philosophy of Language: A Award for his book Memory Contemporary Introduction. Routledge Contemporary Introductions and Narrative. Phi Beta to Philosophy. London: Routledge, 2000. Kappa offers the award annu- Marcus, Steven (Fellow 1980–81; 1981–82), ed. Complete Novels, ally for books in the ﬁeld of lit- by Dashiell Hammett. Library of America, 110. New York: Library erary scholarship or criticism. of America, 1999. Pamela Simpson (Fellow Moi, Toril (Fellow 1994–95). What Is a Woman?: And Other Essays. 1996–97) has received two Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. awards for the book she wrote at the Center, Cheap, Quick, Newhauser, Richard (Fellow 1999–2000). The Early History of and Easy: Imitative Greed: The Sin of Avarice in Early Medieval Thought and Literature. Architectural Materials, Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge 1870–1930. The ﬁrst is the University Press, 2000. Southeast Society of Architec-

continued…

30 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Ng, Wing Chung (Fellow 1996–97). The Chinese in Vancouver, 1945– 80: The Pursuit of Identity and Power. Contemporary Chinese Studies. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1999.

Oakley, Francis (Fellow 1990–91). Politics and Eternity: Studies in the History of Medieval and Early-Modern Political Thought. Studies in the History of Christian Thought, vol. 92. Leiden: Brill, 1999.

Patterson, Daniel W. (Fellow 1997–98). A Tree Accurst: Bobby McMillon and Stories of Frankie Silver. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.

Raitt, Suzanne (Fellow 1998–99). May Sinclair: A Modern Victorian. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000.

Ramusack, Barbara N. (Fellow 1986–87). Women in Asia: Restoring Women to History. By Barbara N. Ramusack and Sharon Sievers. Restoring Women to History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.

Rogers, Eugene F., Jr. (Fellow 1998–99). Thomas Aquinas and Karl Barth: Sacred Doctrine and the Natural Knowledge of God. Revisions. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1999.

Segal, Robert A. (Fellow 1997–98). Theorizing about Myth. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1999.

______, ed. Jung on Mythology. Encountering Jung. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998.

______. The Myth and Ritual Theory: An Anthology. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 1998.

Van Cleve, James (Fellow 1990–91). Problems from Kant. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. tural Historians Book Award, and the second, for chapter ﬁve Zhang Zhilian (Fellow 1990–91; 1991–92). Renewed Encounter: of Cheap, Quick, and Easy, Selected Speeches and Essays, 1979–1999. Beijing: Commercial Press, “Durable, Comfortable, and 2000. Decorative: Linoleum’s Rise and Fall from Grace,” is the Association for Preservation Technology’s Anne de Fort- Menares Award for best historical article published in the association’s journal in 1999.

31 Financial Statement

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION June 30, 2000 and 1999

Assets 2000 1999 Cash and cash equivalents $ 10,315,244 4,368,260 Pledged contributions receivable, net 5,354,142 5,050,753 Miscellaneous receivables and other assets 8,924 4,925 Investments 31,635,743 36,157,564 Property, furniture, and equipment, net 189,550 219,642 $ 47,503,603 45,801,144

Liabilities and Net Assets Accounts payable and accrued expenses 171,306 225,549 Deferred revenue ___ 28,200 Note payable 45,270 29,624 Total liabilities 216,576 283,373

Net assets: Unrestricted 14,403,364 15,821,256 Temporarily restricted 1,748,187 2,284,833 Permanently restricted 31,135,476 27,411,682 Total net assets 47,287,027 45,517,771

$ 47,503,603 45,801,144

Copies of the audited financial statements prepared by KPMG LLP, Certified Public Accountants, are available for reference in the Administrative Office of the National Humanities Center.

32 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

STATEMENTS OF ACTIVITIES Year Ended June 30, 2000

Temporarily Permanently Unrestricted restricted restricted Total Revenues, gains, and other support: Contributions and gifts $ 633,597 907,144 3,723,794 5,264,535 Grants 750,878 — — 750,878 Investment income 4,019,471 — — 4,019,471 Contribution – building and facilities 450,000 — — 450,000 Net assets released from restrictions 1,443,790 (1,443,790) — — Total revenues, gains, and other support 7,297,736 (536,646) 3,723,794 10,484,884

Expenses and losses: Fellowship programs 1,869,177 — — 1,869,177 Special programs 1,034,069 — — 1,034,069 Development 755,006 — — 755,006 Management and general 1,247,614 — — 1,247,614 Unrealized loss on investment 3,809,762 — — 3,809,762 Total expenses and losses 8,715,628 — — 8,715,628

Change in net assets (1,417,892) (536,646) 3,723,794 1,769,256

Net assets, beginning of year 15,821,256 2,284,833 27,411,682 45,517,771

Net assets, end of year $ 14,403,364 1,748,187 31,135,476 47,287,027

33 STATEMENTS OF ACTIVITIES Year Ended June 30, 1999

Temporarily Permanently Unrestricted restricted restricted Total Revenues, gains, and other support: Contributions and gifts $ 1,029,061 676,958 8,148,253 9,854,272 Grants 742,247 — — 742,247 Investment income 1,342,345 — — 1,342,345 Contribution – building and facilities 450,000 — — 450,000 Net assets released from restrictions 906,531 (906,531) — — Total revenues, gains, and other support 4,470,184 (229,573) 8,148,253 12,388,864

Expenses and losses: Fellowship programs 1,822,390 — — 1,822,390 Special programs 861,324 — — 861,324 Development 690,350 — — 690,350 Management and general 1,267,293 — — 1,267,293 Unrealized loss on investment 490,151 — — 490,151 Total expenses and losses 5,131,508 — — 5,131,508

Change in net assets (661,324) (229,573) 8,148,253 7,257,356

Net assets, beginning of year 16,482,580 2,514,406 19,263,429 38,260,415

Net assets, end of year $ 15,821,256 2,284,833 27,411,682 45,517,771

34 Supporting the Center

The National Humanities Center is an independent, privately incorpo- rated institute supported by grants and contributions from individuals, corporations, foundations, and universities and other institutions, as well as other public and private sources. The Center also has a perma- nent endowment, valued at $40.7 million on June 30, that provided expendable income covering approximately 37 percent of its annual operating costs.

Following is a summary of annual and endowment giving for 1999–2000, and a list of the individuals, corporations, foundations, and other institutions that provided annual or endowment support during the year. In addition to those individuals and institutions listed below, the Center would like to express its gratitude to those who made in-kind gifts, especially the Fellows who added books written at the Center to the Robert F. and Margaret S. Goheen Collection, the University of North Carolina Press for continuing gifts to the Center’s collection of books about North Carolina, and the anonymous donor who gave 14 volumes of the Loeb Classical Library. The Center is also grateful to Duke University, North Carolina State University, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for their library and technical assistance.

External support from corporations, foundations, and other organizations for programs and operations: ...... $2,277,979 Corporations, private foundations, and similar sources: ...... $1,682,117 National Endowment for the Humanities: ...... $485,862 Duke University, North Carolina State University, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: . . $110,000

Annual Giving by Individuals: ...... $510,655 Current, emeriti, and former Trustees: ...... $327,950 Fellows: ...... $46,641 Other friends: ...... $136,064 Total number of annual giving donors: ...... 673

35 Corporate, Foundation, and Annual Giving Donors, Endowment Giving Institutional Grants, 1999–2000 1999–2000 The following individuals, The following reflects The following reflects corporations, and foundations contributions for programs contributions for programs made endowment gifts from and general operations from and general operations from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000. July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000. July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000.

Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Benoliel The Ahmanson Foundation INDIVIDUALS Mr. John P. Birkelund The Barrington Foundation, Inc. The Clowes Fund, Inc. The Burroughs Wellcome Fund Chairman’s Council ($25,000 and higher) The Edward T. Cone Foundation Carolina Power & Light Mr. Lloyd E. Cotsen Company M. H. Abrams Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Couper Cummins Engine Foundation Mr. John P. Birkelund Josephus Daniels Charitable Fund The Gladys Krieble Delmas Strachan Donnelley, Ph.D. of the Triangle Community Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Ladislaus von Foundation Jessie Ball DuPont Fund Hoffmann The Arthur Vining Davis Exxon Corporation One Anonymous Gift Foundations Glaxo Wellcome Inc. The Gladys Krieble Delmas Florence Gould Foundation President’s Council Foundation William R. Kenan Jr. Charitable ($10,000 to $24,999) The Duke Endowment Trust Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Benoliel The Glaxo Wellcome Foundation Lilly Endowment, Inc. Mr. Edmund N. Carpenter II The Horace W. Goldsmith The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc. Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Edward E. Cohen The John D. & Catherine T. Blair and Cheryl Effron Mrs. Ann B. Goodnight MacArthur Foundation The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc. Moore Family Fund of The McGraw Hill Foundation The Triangle Community Mr. and Mrs. John G. Medlin, Jr. The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation RJR Nabisco Foundation Foundation Mr. and Mrs. John H. Mullin, III The Carl and Lily Pforzheimer Elbridge & Evelyn Stuart Mr. Benno C. Schmidt, Jr. Foundation Foundation Nicki Newman Tanner R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Wachovia Bank, N.A. Foundation Mr. Stephen H. Weiss The Rockefeller Foundation Mr. John C. Whitehead Mr. C. Dixon Spangler, Jr. Mr. Seth L. Warner (in memory of Susan Emily Rose Warner) Burton J. and Nan S. Weiss Fund of the Triangle Community Foundation Mr. Stephen H. Weiss Mr. John C. Whitehead One Anonymous Donor

* Fellow, National Humanities Center 36 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Scholars Council Director’s Council Member Mr. and Mrs. William W. Lewis ($5,000 to $9,999) ($1,000 to $2,499) Hilary J. Lipsitz Herbert L. Lucas Mr. John F. Adams and Ms. Mr. John C. Beck Professor Steven Marcus * and Shannon K. Hackett Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Professor Gertrud Lenzer * Professor John Hope Franklin * Blanchard Jason and Deborah McManus Dr. Eugene Garﬁeld Professor Vincent A. Blasi * and Mr. Alexandros P. Michas The Hon. and Mrs. Robert F. Ms. Nancy H. Gilmartin Goheen Dr. and Mrs. H. Keith H. Brodie Francis Oakley * Mr. William T. Golden Mr. Joseph M. Bryan, Jr. James Olney * Mr. and Mrs. Conrad A. Mr. and Mrs. Jack H. Campbell Professor Colin A. Palmer * Plimpton Professor Edward T. Cone Mrs. Beth Cummings Paschal Ms. Roxana Robinson and Mr. and Mrs. W. Robert Connor Josephine Patton Mr. Hamilton Robinson Lucy Daniels A. S. Perry Daniel and Joanna Rose Andrew H. Delbanco * Ms. Mary L. Porter Mr. John J. F. Sherrerd Professor Emilie P. de Luca Mr. and Mrs. L. Richardson One Anonymous Gift Preyer, Jr. Starke and Angela Dillard The Hon. L. Richardson Preyer, Sr. Mrs. Kathleen B. Edwards Director’s Council Patron Mr. Alfred L. Purrington and Dr. Mr. D. Wilson Ervin, Jr. ($2,500 to $4,999) Suzanne T. Purrington Mr. David Finn Betty Polisar Reigot Mr. James J. Burke, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. F. Owen Fitzgerald Sally and Russell Robinson Richard and Jeanne Fisher Kit Flynn Charles and Ann Sanders The Friendship Fund of Andrew and Carol Golden The Triangle Community Winthrop and Janet Short Ann B. Goodnight Foundation Eleanor and John Smith Dr. Vartan Gregorian Ms. Margaret E. Mahoney Lanty and Margaret Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Guthrie Mrs. John P. McGrath Mr. and Mrs. Sherwood H. Mr. and Mrs. John G. Medlin, Jr. Ms. Anna Ragland Hayes Smith, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. Assad Meymandi Professors Marianne Hirsch * Professor Patricia Meyer Spacks * and Leo Spitzer * Mr. and Mrs. J. Irwin Miller Harriet and Edson Spencer Fund Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin D. of The Minneapolis Foundation Mr. Carl H. Pforzheimer, III Holloway Lance Stell * One Anonymous Gift Dr. and Mrs. Albert M. Jenkins Mr. and Mrs. Seth L. Warner Gilbert M. Joseph * Burton and Nan Weiss Mr. Thomas S. Kenan III Professor John F. Wilson * Nannerl and Robert * Keohane Mr. Herbert S. Winokur, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. George Kozmetsky Mr. Robert E. Wright and Mr. and Mrs. Dan Lacy Mr. Lee A. Thomas The Hon. James T. Laney Mr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Wyman The Rt. Rev. Peter James Lee Mr. and Mrs. Paul M. Wythes William * and Jean Anne Three Anonymous Gifts Leuchtenburg

37 Benefactor ($500 to $999) Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Lawrence * and Joanna Lipking Winston John and Walker Mabe Anonymous 4 Fund of Mr. and Mrs. R. Peyton Mr. and Mrs. John D. Mack The Triangle Community Woodson, III Foundation Professor Russell McDonald Mr. Edwin M. Yoder Professor Edna G. Bay * Thomas * and Barbara * Metcalf Dr. and Mrs. Henry S. Zaytoun, Sr. Michael and Pamela Bless Mrs. Anne Morris Professor and Mrs. Herbert L. James J. O'Donnell Sponsor ($250 to $499) Bodman, Jr. Joseph S. Pagano, M.D. Molly C. Broad T. J. * and Lois Anderson Robert R. Palmer * Stanley Chojnacki * and Professor K. Anthony Appiah * Harold J. Perkin * Barbara J. Harris * Professor Mary E. Barnard * Mr. and Mrs. William Trent John H. D'Arms Mr. Robert L. Bartley Ragland, Jr. Ms. Anne Faircloth Henry and Sory Bowers Peter * and Trudi Riesenberg Ms. Paula J. Giddings * Francis and Margaret Bowles Sheila A. Rogovin, Ph.D. Professor Adolfo Gilly * Margaret S. Boyer David and Susan Rosenberg Mr. Lawrence K. Grossman John and Anastatia Bradley Mr. Donald H. Rumsfeld Rosalie Heffelﬁnger Hall Fund of Frederick and Anne Burkhardt Donald M. Scott * The Minneapolis Foundation Janet K. Byles * Gilbert T. Sewall * Professor Trudier Harris * R. Vincent Comerford * Stephanie J. Shaw * H. Clay and Nancy Hemric Richard and Marlene Daugherty David E. Shi * Professor David Hollinger Professor Linda Degh * George L. Shinn, Ph.D. Mr. and Mrs. Karl G. Hudson, Jr. F. Norton Dickman Professor Sydney S. Shoemaker * Mr. and Mrs. James B. Hurlock Robert C. Doherty Professor Harmon Smith * Ms. Susan B. King Mrs. Maria Bach Dunn George and Karin Stephens Kate S. Levi Jean Bethke Elshtain Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Taplin, Jr. Duke R. Ligon Professor Theodore Evergates * John * and Dorothy * Thompson Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Mitchell Dolores W. Frese Mr. and Mrs. Gerald M. Mr. and Mrs. Kent R. Mullikin Harry E. Groves Tierney, Jr. Professor Alexander Nehamas Joseph E. Harris * Alfred D. Van Buren, Jr. and Ms. Susan Glimcher Peter and Karen Hegener Helen H. Vendler Professor and Mrs. John F. Oates Joan T. Hemphill Mr. and Mrs. William D. Walsh Mr. and Mrs. David E. Pardue, Jr. Professor John Higham * Professor David W. Wills * Gary H. Pendleton, CLU Robert and Jean Hollander Mr. and Mrs. Wesley Wright, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. J. Gregory Poole, Jr. Charles and Annette Kahn Professor Alex Zwerdling * and Professor Diane Ravitch Ms. Florence E. Elon Edmund Keeley Rickenbacker Fund of the Three Anonymous Gifts Triangle Community Ms. Linda Kornberg Foundation Professor Jonathan Lamb * Associate ($100 to $249) The Rev. Dr. Kenneth B. Smith Mr. and Mrs. W. Loeber Landau Mrs. Lyman Spitzer, Jr. Gladys * and Kurt * Lang Fund J. Allen Adams Mr. and Mrs. James T. Tanner of the Fidelity Investments Wye J. Allanbrook * Charitable Gift Fund Mr. John Voss Professor Judith H. Anderson * Mr. and Mrs. John M. Latimer Emeritus Professors Charles M. Mr. and Mrs. S. Wyndham and Shirley F. Weiss Mr. and Mrs. Edward G. Lilly, Jr. Anderson

* Fellow, National Humanities Center 38 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Yehoshua Arieli * Jiwei Ci * Professor Lilian R. Furst * Dr. and Mrs. James I. Armstrong Professor Elizabeth A. Clark * Mr. Frank R. Gailor Mr. and Ms. Richard T. Arndt Mr. and Mrs. Hiram S. Cody, Jr. Ronald N. Giere * and George E. Ashley Sophia S. Cody Barbara A. Hanawalt * Mr. * and Mrs. Herbert S.Bailey, Jr. Professor Edward H. Cohen * Ms. Cilla Golas Lynne Rudder Baker * Seymour S. Cohen * Professor Eugene Goodheart * Professor Allen B. Ballard * Susan G. Cole * Professor Emily Grosholz * Auguste J. Bannard Mr. and Mrs. Alan Cone Professors Madelyn * and Marcel * Gutwirth James M. Banner, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Couper Professor George Mills Harper * Professor Malcolm Barber * Paul B. Courtright * Professor J. William Harris * Professor Evelyn Barish * Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. Professor William V. Harris Dr. and Mrs. Robert C. Bast, Jr. Coxe, III Robertson Hatch Professor Christopher Baswell * Thomas R. Cripps * Elizabeth * and Howard Helsinger Professor Judith M. Bennett * Professor Edwin Curley * and Ms. Cynthia B. Herrup * Professor Cathy N. Davidson * Mrs. George Watts Hill, Sr. Professor Paul Berliner * E. Lawrence and Sandra Davis Dr. and Mrs. Marcus Hobbs Mark and Louise Bernstein Mr. and Mrs. Holbrook R. Davis Bertha M. Holt Professor Doris W. Betts John W. Davis, III Joseph and Barbara Horney Robert J. Bliwise Andrew P. Debicki * Alfred Hornung * John and Jean Boehm Mr. and Mrs. Kinsley Dr. Menard Ihnen Ms. Susan Ehringhaus and Van R. Dey, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Jaffin Dr. Stuart Bondurant Professor Denis Donoghue * Peter Jelavich * Marcheta Bowdle Richard M. Eaton * Larry E. Jones * Ms. Betsy W. Brennan Morris Eaves * Mr. and Mrs. John R. Jordan, Jr. Professor Alan Brinkley * Professor Robert R. Edwards * Temma Kaplan * Harvey Brooks Dr. and Mrs. Merril Eisenbud John * and Joy * Kasson Ms. Margaret R. Bryant James A. Epstein * G. R. Kastner, Ph.D. Professor James J. Buchanan George and Blair Evans Nicholas de B. Katzenbach, Ms. Elizabeth F. Buford and Murphy and Helen Evans Esquire Professor Donald G. Mathews Dr. Irene Eynat-Confino * and Dr. Mary J. Kilburn and Professor Richard M. Burian * Professor Michael Confino * Mr. Andrew Drozda Scott G. Burnham * Beatrice Farwell * Mr. and Mrs. William R. Kress Richard * and Claudia Bushman Stanley Fish * Mrs. Georgia Kyser James M. Buzard * Professor Samuel A. Floyd, Jr. * Professor Anthony J. La Vopa * Professor Caroline W. Bynum Winfried * and Brigitte Fluck Professor Sanford A. Lakoff * Mary B. Campbell * Thomas R. Flynn * The Rev. Ledlie I. Laughlin, Jr. Professor Nicholas P. Canny * Jaroslav T. Folda, III * Eleanor W. Leach Professor Charles Capper * Mr. John A. Forlines, Jr. Samuel and Rebecca Leager Mr. Anthony M. Carey V. P. Franklin * Patricia Leighten * Professor Annemarie W. Carr * The Rev. and Mrs. Monroe Mr. and Mrs. Mitchel R. Levitas Betsy I. Chamberlin Freeman, Jr. Robert * and Nerys Levy Dr. and Mrs. Julius L. Chambers Mr. William C. Friday Quentin and Marjorie Lindsey Professor * and Mrs. George C. Ernestine Friedl Dr. William F. Little Christie Edward H. Friedman * Peter F. Lynch *

39 Joseph * and C. Lynne Henry Petroski * Professor Gordon Teskey * Loewenstein Richard W. Pfaff * Mr. Max Thelen, Jr. C. Townsend Ludington * E. K. Powe Eugene M. Tobin Mr. and Mrs. Roland M. The Hon. and Mrs. David Mr. and Mrs. Alexander C. Machold E. Price Tomlinson Maynard * and Florence Mack Professor Jill Raitt * Professor Richard C. Trexler * Professor Sara Mack * Professor Andrews Reath * Mr. and Mrs. James B. Turner, Jr. Professor Lucinda Hardwick Professor Kenneth J. Reckford Dr. and Mrs. Felix H. Vann MacKethan * and Ms. Charlotte Orth Professor Richard B. Vowles Dr. and Mrs. H. Raymond Claude G. Reichler * Patricia Waddy * Madry, Jr. Mr. David B. Rice and Mr. and Mrs. Monte J. Wallace G. P. and Ruth Manire Ms. Barbara B. Smith Mr. Timothy D. Warmath Arna M. Margolis Mark * and Barbara Richard Christopher M. Waters * Ms. Genevieve Marjoribanks Harriet N. Ritvo * and Dr. Lawrence Warner Hugh A. West * David L. Robb Dr. and Mrs. Morris M. Martin Robert and Marina Whitman Lorraine Hale Robinson Thomas R. Martin Mr. and Mrs. John A. Wilcox Martin and Jane Rody Professor Martin E. Marty Mr. and Mrs. Van Zandt Professor Richard M. Rorty Williams, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Michael S. Mathews Roger Rosenblatt Professor Margery Wolf * Sarah C. Maza * Norman Ross Harold D. Woodman * Mr. and Mrs. Thomas J. McCarty Professor Thomas D. Rowe, Jr. Carl R. Woodring * Edward F. McClennen * Professor Ashraf H. Rushdy * Doris E. Wright James and Edith McEntire Mrs. Harriet H. Savage and The Hon. William P. Wright, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Mr. Arthur V. Savage McGlynn Perez Zagorin * Michael and Elizabeth Schoenfeld Claude and Mimi McKinney Thirty-Five Anonymous Gifts John Beldon Scott * Dr. and Mrs. Lovick Miller Professor Bernard Semmel * Craig A. Monson * Friend (up to $99) The Rev. and Mrs. Robert Dr. Genevieve H. Moore E. Seymour, Jr. Susan and Marshall Adesman Brenda Murphy * David and Patricia Smalley Michael C. Alexander * Philip and Georgia Nelson Leonard V. Smith * Dr. John J. Allen * Professor William S. Newman * Mr. and Mrs. William D. Snider The Rev. Nancy J. Allison Helen F. North * Peter J. Solet Mr. George M. Aman, III Josiah Ober * Richard A. Soloway * Ms. Mary S. Andersen Marshall and Peggy Orson Professor Richard E. Spear * Quentin Anderson * Gregory K. Oyler, Esquire Philip * and Lucia Stadter Professor David Armitage * Katharine Park Ms. Caren V. Sturges Professor Carl A. Auerbach Mr. and Mrs. Byron L. Parry Mrs. Benjamin F. Swalin Paul August Professor Robert L. Patten * Katherine H. Tachau * Professor James Axtell Mr. and Mrs. John Pearce Charles J. Tanenbaum Professor Katharine T. Bartlett * Linda Levy Peck * Mr. and Mrs. Michael S. Tanner Professor Nicola K. Beisel * Frances E. Pensler Professor George B. Tatum Professor Janet L. Beizer * Ms. Patricia H. Petersen John * and Neomi TePaske Professor Philip Benedict *

* Fellow, National Humanities Center 40 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Professor Robert L. Bireley, S.J. * Ms. Roselyn Gurlitz Professor Michèle Longino * Professor Phyllis Pray Bober Professor Rochelle F. Gurstein * Professor Robert M. Longsworth * Professor M. Evan Bonds * Jacquelyn Dowd Hall * Ben Luberoff, Ph.D. Dr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Jerome S. Handler * Sheila M. Lund Buckwalter Mr. and Mrs. Richard E. Heitman Stevenson Lupton, Jr. Professor O. Vernon Burton * Robert and Virginia Hellenga Deborah J. Lyons * Mr. and Mrs. Donald J. Campbell Mr. Robert L. Hesse Victor H. Mair * W. Bliss and Brigitte Carnochan Janet W. Hessling Dr. and Mrs. Thomas F. Malone Dr. * and Mrs. Vincent A. Abraham and Eva Hirsch Harry C. Martin Carretta Fred Colby Hobson, Jr. * Mr. Thomas M. Massengale Ms. Lois P. Carson Professor David Hounshell Ms. Michelle Masson Paul and Elizabeth Carter Dr. Dionissios T. Hristopulos Ms. Elizabeth Matheson Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence C. and Dr. Lisa Radinovsky Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Chambers Mr. David B. Hudnut McCallum Ms. Catherine Chandler Ms. Nancy S. Hurd Professor Paula J. McDowell * Thomas L. Clark Mr. Robert P. Hyatt Professor Elizabeth A. McHenry * Grayson and Jean Clary Mr. William K. Ince Mr. and Mrs. George McLellan Ms. Eloise Cofer David A. Jaffee Robert and Eva Metzger Joel Colton Richard C. M. Janko * Mr. Robert L. Milks Lester M. Corliss Dr. and Mrs. William J. Jasper Dr. Gail Minault * Dr. and Mrs. W. Paul Cowgill Mr. Paul Joffrion Robert S. Nelson * John E. Crowley * Vincent Joyce Mr. and Mrs. David H. Neunert John Cuddy Jeffrey R. Kennedy, D.D.S. Ms. Huston Paschal Ms. Charlotte E. Davidson Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kennedy, Jr. Miss Mary Paschal Professor Sarah Jane Deutsch * Mr. William L. Keogan Professor James L. Peacock, III Professor Morris Dickstein * Professor John King * William and Jane Pease Professor Marie Drew-Bear * Professor Judy L. Klein * Marta Petrusewicz * Mr. Sidney L. Eaton, Jr. Professor Ulrich Knoepﬂmacher * Helaine K. Plaut Dyan H. Elliott * Professor David Konstan * Professor G. P. Points R. Anthony Elson Dr. Ewa Kuryluk * Mr. Warren H. Pope Judith Evans Grubbs * Dr. and Mrs. George R. Herbert S. Posner Gabrielle C. Falk Lamplugh Professor Wilfrid R. Prest * Professor Norman Fiering * Paul S. Leavenworth, Jr. Professor Robert O. Preyer Mrs. Iris F. Flournoy Edwin B. Lee, Jr. Professor Stephen J. Pyne * Ms. Jane Fredrick T. Carlton and Emily Lee Professor Suzanne Raitt * Professor Rachel L. Fulton * Jonathan Levin * Donald J. Raleigh * and Mr. J. P. Brown Richard L. Levin * Professor Barbara N. Ramusack * Mr. and Mrs. George B. Girton Richard M. Lewis Professor William E. Ray * Mr. Phillip E. Gladfelter Robert H. Lewis Professor * and Mrs. John Shelton Mr. Robert H. Goetz Professor Michael Lienesch * Reed, Jr. Suzanne L. Graver * Dr. Elizabeth H. Locke Ms. Anne D'O. Reeves Dr. John C. Graves Mr. and Mrs. Frank M. London Claude and Melba Reeves Ms. Catherine M. Green Ms. Rachael E. Long Professor Tom Regan *

41 Marilynn J. Richtarik * Professor Stephen G. Vlastos * Professor Steven Marcus * Melvin Richter * John * and Terry Wall Professor Toril Moi * Mr. Allan G. Rodgers Professor Aileen Ward * Professor Richard Newhauser * Mr. Burke R. Rogers Ms. Rae C. Weaver Professor Wing Chung Ng * Eugene F. Rogers, Jr. * Mr. and Mrs. R. Beverly R. Webb Professor Francis Oakley * W. J. Rorabaugh * James M. A. and Bette Weiss Professor Daniel W. Patterson * Irene Rosenfeld Mr. Robert T. Williams Professor Suzanne Raitt * Mr. and Mrs. David N. Rusch Ronald * and Mary Ann Witt Professor Barbara N. Ramusack * Mr. and Mrs. Francis C. Ryder Mr. and Mrs. Harry Wolin Professor Eugene F. Rogers, Jr. * Neal E. Salisbury * Joanna Woods-Marsden * Professor Robert A. Segal * Doreen Saxe Dr. and Mrs. W. Carl Wooten, Jr. Professor James Van Cleve * Richard and Tamara Schenck Professor Bertram Wyatt-Brown * Professor Zhang Zhilian * Jeffrey T. Schnapp * Ms. Maria A. Young University of North Carolina Claire Scholz Professor John W. Zarker and Press Mrs. Aleksandar Sedmak Vesic Mrs. Katherine L. Zarker One Anonymous Gift Professor Charles Segal * Professor Hong Zhu * Ronald A. Sharp * Sixteen Anonymous Gifts Mrs. Rose B. Shields MATCHING GIFT Professor Robert L. Simon * COMPANIES Professor John E. Sitter * Gifts-in-Kind to The Robert F. The Burroughs Wellcome Fund Kathryn K. Sklar * and Margaret S. Goheen Cummins Engine Foundation Collection or the Center's Dale and Barbara Smith Exxon Corporation Reference Library Professor David Lionel Smith * Glaxo Wellcome Inc. and Ms. Vivian Cooke-Buckhoy Professor David Armitage * The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc. Mr. Jerome Snyder Professor Malcolm Barber * The McGraw Hill Foundation Jack and Diane Sommer Professor Robert L. Bireley, S.J. * RJR Nabisco Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Professor Jonathan A. Bush * Pﬁzer Foundation Matching Gifts Spearman Professor Mary Baine Campbell * Program Dale O. Stouch, Jr. Professor Stanley Chojnacki * Professor Sharon T. Strocchia * Professor Donald Crummey * Professor S. Cushing Strout * Professor David Ellis * Thomas E. Sullivan Professor Laura Engelstein * Eben and Nancy Tilly Professor Theodore Evergates *

Sylvia Tomasch * Professor J. P. Fokkelman * Kate Douglasˆ Torrey Professor Jonathan Freedman * Oldrich Tuma˚ * Professor Edward H. Friedman• Mr. and Mrs. John B. Turner Professor Karen Tranberg Hansen * Mr. and Mrs. William Turner Professor Michael K. Honey * Kirk and Diane Unruh Professor Douglas M. Jesseph * Richard A. Urquhart, III Professor Joy S. Kasson * James L. Van Cleve * Professor Mario Klarer * Mr. Milos Velimirovic Professor Shepard Krech III * Dr. Joan E. Vincent * Professor William G. Lycan *

42 Staff

Administration W. Robert Connor Linda Morgan President and Director Coordinator of Technical Services Sarah Woodard and Web Site Administrator Executive Assistant to the Director Jennifer Horney (to May 2000) Assistant Director for Barbara J. Mormile Development (to April 2000) Executive Assistant to the Director Joseph P. Parsons (beginning June 2000) Editor, Ideas Robert L. Savage, Jr. David B. Rice Vice President for Business Associate Director for and Finance Communications Lynwood Parrish Controller (beginning May 2000) Fellowship Program Teresa W. Lysinger Kent Mullikin Financial Ofﬁcer (to May 2000) Vice President and Patricia Schreiber Deputy Director Operations Manager Karen Carroll Linda C. Godowsky Coordinator of Editorial Services Assistant Controller Lois Whittington Michelle Weeks Coordinator of Fellowship Program Staff Assistant and Receptionist Marie Jordan Library Administrative Assistant Walter Alan Tuttle Corbett Capps Director of the Library Building Engineer Jean Houston Dot Browne Assistant to the Librarian and Dining Room Manager Circulation Supervisor Sue Boyd Eliza Robertson Dining Room Staff Associate Librarian

Communications and Education Programs Development Richard R. Schramm Robert E. Wright Director of Education Programs Vice President for Communications and Development Marianne D. Wason Assistant Director of Susan E. Adesman Education Programs Administrative Assistant for Communications and Development Crystal Waters Coordinator of Education Programs Debbie Herz-Midler Network Administrator (starting February 2000)

43 Board of Trustees

John P. Birkelund* Denis Donoghue Assad Meymandi, M.D., Ph.D. CHAIRMAN Henry James Professor in Raleigh, North Carolina Former Chairman and English and American Letters, Chief Executive Officer, New York University William M. Moore, Jr. Warburg Dillon Read LLC Chairman, Trident New York, New York Blair Effron* Financial Corporation, TREASURER Raleigh, North Carolina W. Robert Connor* Managing Director, Warburg PRESIDENT Dillon Read LLC, John H. Mullin Director, National Humanities New York, New York Ridgeway Farm, LLC Center, Research Triangle Park, Brookneal, Virginia North Carolina Jean Bethke Elshtain Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor Alexander Nehamas John F. Adams* of Social and Political Ethics, Edmund N. Carpenter II SECRETARY The University of Chicago Professor in the Humanities, General Partner, Schiff Hardin Princeton University & Waite, Chicago, Illinois Ann B. Goodnight Co-founder and Board Member, Francis C. Oakley* K. Anthony Appiah Cary Academy, Edward Dorr Griffin Professor of African-American Cary, North Carolina Professor of the History Studies and Philosophy, of Ideas and President Harvard University David A. Hollinger Emeritus, Williams College Chancellor’s Professor of History, Peter A. Benoliel* University of California at Berkeley James J. O’Donnell VICE CHAIRMAN Professor of Classical Studies Chairman, Executive Committee, John B. Hurford*• and Vice Provost for Information Quaker Chemical Corporation, Managing Director, Systems and Computing, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania Credit Suisse Asset Management, University of Pennsylvania New York, New York William J. Bouwsma Colin A. Palmer Jane K. Sather Professor of History, Nannerl O. Keohane Distinguished Professor of History, University of California, Berkeley President, Duke University City University of New York Graduate School Molly Corbett Broad The Honorable James T. Laney President, The University President Emeritus, Emory Katharine Park of North Carolina University, and Former U.S. Samuel Zemurray, Jr. and Doris Ambassador to South Korea Zemurray Stone Radcliffe Caroline Walker Bynum Professor, Harvard University Morris A. & Alma Schapiro Steven Marcus* Professor of History, VICE CHAIRMAN Carl H. Pforzheimer, III Columbia University George Delacorte Professor Managing Partner, in the Humanities, Carl H. Pforzheimer & Co., John H. D’Arms Columbia University New York, New York President, The American Council of Learned Societies, Claude E. McKinney Conrad Plimpton New York, New York President, Triangle Universities President, Plimpton & Company, Center for Advanced Studies, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey Andrew H. Delbanco Research Triangle Park, Julian Clarence Levi North Carolina The Hon. L. Richardson Preyer Professor in the Humanities, Former Member of Congress, Columbia University John G. Medlin, Jr.* Greensboro, North Carolina Chairman Emeritus of the Strachan Donnelley Board, Wachovia Corporation, Director, Humans and Nature Winston-Salem, North Carolina Program, The Hastings Center, Garrison, New York

44 N ATIONAL H UMANITIES C ENTER A NNUAL R EPORT 1999–2000

Founders Diane Ravitch Meyer H. Abrams William J. Bennett David Levering Lewis Research Professor of Education, Morton Bloomfield • Director, 1979–81 W. Arthur Lewis • New York University, and Frederick H. Burkhardt Doris W. Betts Sol M. Linowitz Non-Resident Senior Fellow, Charles Frankel • Charles Blitzer • Herbert L. Lucas Director, 1983–88 The Brookings Institution, First Director, 1977–79 Robert Lumiansky • Daniel J. Boorstin Washington, D.C. The Honorable Margaret Mahoney Robert F. Goheen Kingman Brewster • Mary P. McPherson Steven Marcus H. Keith H. Brodie Roberto G. Mendoza Wyndham Robertson Henry Nash Smith • Harvey Brooks Toni Morrison Former Vice President, Gregory Vlastos • Paula P. Brownlee Jaroslav Pelikan Communications, The University Louis W. Cabot Richard Reiss, Jr. of North Carolina John T. Caldwell • Lois Dickerson Rice Jerry D. Campbell Barbara Bellows Emeriti Trustees Edmund N. Carpenter II Roxana Robinson Rockefeller Edward W. Carter • Richard M. Rorty Author, Katonah, New York Nancy B. Faircloth John Hope Franklin John Chancellor • Daniel Rose William C. Friday Edward E. Cohen Roger Rosenblatt Sally Dalton Robinson William T. Golden Jill Ker Conway Vermont Royster • Lloyd E. Cotsen Charlotte, North Carolina Caryl P. Haskins Donald H. Rumsfeld Theodore L. Cross Gertrude Himmelfarb Charles A. Sanders Warner N. Dalhouse Robert B. Hollander Terry Sanford • Benno C. Schmidt, Jr. Archie K. Davis • Dan Lacy John E. Sawyer • President and Chief Executive Charles T. Davis • William E. Leuchtenburg William Schuman • Officer, Edison Schools, Inc., Gaylord Donnelley • Mary D.B.T. Semans Edward H. Levi • New York, New York Hedley C. Donovan • George L. Shinn Martin E. Marty Hanna H. Gray Sherwood H. Smith, Jr. J. Irwin Miller James M. Gustafson C. Dixon Spangler, Jr. Kenneth B. Smith John F. Oates John W. Hanley Frank Stanton President Emeritus, Anne Firor Scott Louis J. Hector Darwin T. Turner • Chicago Theological Seminary John R. Searle Roger Heyns Helen H. Vendler Isaac Shapiro C. Hugh Holman • Ladislaus von Hoffmann Patricia Meyer Spacks* John Voss Gerald Holton Thomas J. Watson, Jr. • Edgar F. Shannon Professor of Lynn A. Hunt Luc Wauters English, University of Virginia James B. Hurlock Harold M. Williams Past Trustees The Honorable William Julius Wilson Robert S. Ingersoll C. Vann Woodward Estelle Tanner Robert McCormick Adams Akira Iriye Edwin M. Yoder, Jr. Oral Historian and Director of Thomas Boylston Adams Nicholas de B. Katzenbach Institutional Oral History, Robert O. Anderson William J. Kennedy III UJA Federation of Jewish Annette C. Baier Hilton Kramer Philanthropies, William M. Batten Juanita Kreps New York, New York

Stephen H. Weiss* Managing Partner, Weiss, Peck & Greer New York, New York

John C. Whitehead* Chairman, AEA Investors, Inc., New York, New York

* Member, Executive Committee • Deceased 45

7 Alexander Drive P.O. Box 12256 RTP, NC 27709-2256

919-549-0661 tel 919-990-8535 fax [email protected] e-mail www.nhc.rtp.nc.us:8080