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Hydrogeological Maps a Guide and a Standard Legend

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Hydrogeological Maps a Guide and a Standard Legend International Association of Hydrogeologists Wilhdm F. Struckmeier A Guide and Volume 17 a Standard Legend 1995 International Contributims to Hydrogeology Ewnded by G. Catany, E. Groba, E. Romijn International Association of Hy drogeologists Wilhelm F. Struckmeier Jean Margat Hydrogeological Maps A Guide and a Standard Legend Volume 17 / 1995 International Contributions to Hydrogeology Founded by G. Castany, E. Groba, E. Romijn Series Editorial Board E. Groba, M. R. Llamas, J. Margat, J. E. Moore, I. Simmers Verlag Heinz Heise Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Struckmeier, Wilhelm F.: Hydrogeological maps : a guide and a standard legend / Wilhelm F. Struckmeier ; Jean Margat. International Association of Hydrogeologists. - Hannover : Heise, 1995 (International contributions to hydrogeology ; Vol. 17) ISBN 3-922705-98-7 NE: Margat, Jean:; GT Financially supported by UNESCO as a contribution to the International Hydrological Programme IHP-IV, Projects M-1.2 (a) and M-1.3 and by the Federal Republic of Germany in the Framework of its contribution to IHP/OHP Series Editorial Board: E. Groba, Germany M.R. Llamas, Spain J. Margat, France J.E. Moore, USA I. Simmers, The Netherlands This book was prepared by members of the IAH/IAHS/IHP Joint Working Group as part of IHP-IV Project M-1.3 W.F. Sturckmeier, Germany, Chairman J. Margat, France J.B .W. Day, United Kingdom G.B. Engelen, The Netherlands W.H. Gilbrich, Unesco, France J. Khouri, Syria K.D.W. Krampe, Gelmany J. KrBsny, Czech Republic E. Romijn, The Netherlands M. Safar-Zitoun, Algeria A. hrin, Croatia Soetrisno S., Indonesia G.S. Vartanyan, Russia P. Winter, Germany Volume 17, 1995 International Contributions to Hydrogeology Founded by G. Castany, E. Groba, E, Romijn ISSN 0936-3912 ISBN 3-922705-98-7 Printed by R. van Acken GmbH, JosefstraBe 35, D-49809 Lingen Copyright by Verlag Heinz Heise GmbH & CO KG P.O.B. 610407, D-30604 Hannover Hydrogeological Maps A Guide and a Standard Legend by Wilhelm F. Struckmeier and Jean Margat with contributions by Wilfried H. Gilbrich, Klaus D. W. Krampe, Mohamed Safar-Zitoun, Ante Sarin and Peter Winter edited by John B.W. Day prepared and published with the assistance of the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (CGMW) I Sub-Commission for Hydrogeological Maps the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH) I Commission for Hydrogeological Maps the International Association for Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) I Commission on Ground Water the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) I Division of Water Sciences the National Committee of the Federal Republic of Germany for the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and the Operational Hydrological Programme (OHP) ADDRESSES OF THE AUTHORS Wilhelm F. STRUCKMEIER Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover Jean MARGAT Bureau de Recherches Gkologiques et Minikres (B.R.G.M.) BP 6009, F-45060 Orlkans-Cedex Wilfried H. GILBRICH UNESCO, Division of Water Sciences 7, Place de Fontenoy, F-75352 Paris 07-SP now: 2, Avenue du Vert Bois, F-92410 Ville d'Avray Klaus D.W. KRAMPE Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) AuBenstelle Berlin Invalidenstr. 44, D-l0115 Berlin Mohamed SAFAR-ZITOUN GEOSYSTEM-Consult Palais des expositions, Pins maritimes Moharnmedia-Alger Ante SARIN Institute of Geology Sachsova 2, CR-41000 Zagreb Peter WINTER Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR) AuBenstelle Berlin Invalidenstr. 44, D-10115 Berlin Page CONTENTS FOREWORD xiii PART I Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION l Purpose of the guidebook 1 Defining the scope of hydrogeological maps 2 - Position in geoscience and water science 2 - Position in the field of graphical representation 3 - Role in the treatment and display of hydrogeological data 4 Justification for hydrogeological maps 6 The overall evolution of hydrogeological maps 9 Chapter 2. BASIC INFORMATION FOR HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAPS l l Basic requirements for hydrogeological maps 11 Topographic base map 12 Topographic base maps as a source of information for the hydrogeologist 12 Auxiliary information 15 Remote sensing 15 Geological maps and reports 16 Interpretation of lithological data 16 Interpretation of structural information 17 Meteorological and hydrological information 20 Hydrogeological data 2 1 Hydrogeological field inventory 2 1 Chapter 3. CARTOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION AND SCALE 27 Cartographic principles Rules for representation Decision on scale Chapter 4. COMPONENTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAPS Features and content Particular characteristics Degree of interpretation Reliability of data and information Page Chapter 5. TYPES AND CLASSIFICATION OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAPS Introduction General, comprehensive hydrogeological and groundwater resources potential maps Hydrogeological parameter maps Groundwater systems maps Special purpose or aspect hydrogeological maps Explanatory notes for hydrogeological maps Chapter 6. TECHNIQUES FOR PREPARATION AND PUBLICATION OF HYDROGEOLOGICALMAPS General remarks Major stages of hydrogeological map preparation and publication The author's stage Outline of explanatory notes The role of an editorleditorial board for a hydrogeological map The technical preparation of a hydrogeological map Essentials for systematic, general hydrogeological mapping Chapter 7. DEVELOPMENTS IN HYDROGEOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION CAD versus GIS CAD in hydrogeology Geographic information systems GIS in hydrogeology BIBLIOGRAPHY References Selected list of important methodic papers ANNEXES A: Selected list of hydrogeological maps B: Documentation form for hydrogeological maps C: Criteria for classification of hydrogeological maps Page PART n A STANDARD LEGEND FOR HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAPS 111 Introduction Definitions Background topographical information (A) Thematic areal information (B) Additional areal information, e.g. lithology (C) Representation of detailed hydrogeological data and information (D) Stratigraphy (chrono- and biostratigraphy) Climatology Vertical sections and perspective diagrams Inset maps and explanatory notes INTERNATIONAL STANDARD LEGEND (English) 120 Section I General and special hydrogeological maps 120 I A Background information I B Groundwater and rocks I C Lithology I D Representation of detailed data Section I1 Special legend for aquifer and groundwater systems maps 146 11 A Background information 146 I1 B Areal colours for aquifer or groundwater systems maps 148 I1 C Type of system and conditions of groundwater flow 150 I1 D Special signs and symbols 152 Section 111 Special legend for groundwater vulnerability maps 156 III A Background information 156 I11 B Area1 colours for groundwater vulnerability 156 111 C Nature of aquifer and ornament (see Vrba and Zaporozec 1994, Table A2) 158 111 D Man-made activity 158 I11 E Current quality state of groundwater bodies and areal pollution hazards 166 LEGENDE INTERNATIONALE MODELE (Franqais) 121 Section I Cartes hydrogeologiques genkrales et speciales 121 TA Fond I B Eau souterraine et roches I C Lithologie I D Representation de donnees sp6cialisees Page Section I1 Lkgende spiciale pour cartes des systkmes aquifkres 147 IIA Fond I1 B Couleurs pour les systkmes aquifkres I1 C Type de systkme aquifkre et caractkristiques du flux I1 D Signes et symboles spkciaux Section I11 Ligende spkciale pour les cartes de vulnkrabiliti I11 A Fond I11 B Couleurs pour la vuln6rabiliti (voir tableau 11-1) I11 C Nature de l'aquifkre et ornement (voir Vrba and Zaporozec 1994, tableau A2) I11 D Artefacts et objets anthropiques I11 E Composition chimique de l'eau souterraine et pollutions potentielles itendues INTERNATIONALE MUSTER-GENERALLEGENDE (Deutsch) Teil I Hydrogeologische ~bersichts-und Spezialkarten I A Hintergrundinformation I B Grundwasser und Gesteinseinheiten I C Lithologie I D Spezielle Darstellungen Teil 11 Speziallegende fur Karten der Grundwasser-Fliefisysteme I1 A Topographie und Hintergrund I1 B Flachenfarben fiir Karten der Grundwasser-Fliefisysteme I1 C Typ des Systems und Charakteristika des Grundwasserflusses 11 D Spezielle Symbole Teil I11 Speziallegende fur Karten der Grundwasserverschmutzungs- empfindlickkeit 111 A Hintergrundinformation I11 B Flachenfarben fur die Grundwasser- verschmutzungsempfindlichkeit (S. Tabelle 11- 1) I11 C Grundwasserleiter und Sichtraster (s,Vrba und Zaporozec 1994, Tabelle A2) I11 D MaBnahmen des Menschen I11 E Chemische Beschaffenheit der Grundwasservorkornmen und flachenhafte Verschmutzungsgefahrdungen Page FIGURES (Part I) Fig. 1 Hydrogeological maps in the system of earth sciences maps Fig. 2 The complex system "Water e rocks", its input and output Fig. 3 The system of graphical representation for use in the field of earth sciences Fig. 4 The most characteristic graphical representations in geoscience Fig. 5 Elements of a thematic (hydrogeological) map Fig. 6 Relations between elements and ways of treatment and expression of hydrogeological information Fig. 7 Evolution of hydrogeological maps Fig. 8 Types of runoff regimes on hydrographic and hydrologic maps Fig. 9 Stream network controlled by geology (lithology and structure) Fig. 10 Hydrogeological map and block diagram of a typical geological setting in flat platform areas Fig. 11 Scheme for the treatment of hydrogeological data Fig. 12 The cartographic preparation of a hydrogeological map Fig. 13 Variations of graphical elements Fig. 14 Relation between map scale and area covered, for different map formats Fig. 15 A system of specialized hydrogeological maps for planning
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