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On the Threshold of the Holocaust: Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms In
Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. of the Holocaust carried out by the local population. Who took part in these excesses, and what was their attitude towards the Germans? The Author Anti-Jewish Riots and Pogroms Were they guided or spontaneous? What Tomasz Szarota is Professor at the Insti- part did the Germans play in these events tute of History of the Polish Academy in Occupied Europe and how did they manipulate them for of Sciences and serves on the Advisory their own benefit? Delving into the source Board of the Museum of the Second Warsaw – Paris – The Hague – material for Warsaw, Paris, The Hague, World War in Gda´nsk. His special interest Amsterdam, Antwerp, and Kaunas, this comprises WWII, Nazi-occupied Poland, Amsterdam – Antwerp – Kaunas study is the first to take a comparative the resistance movement, and life in look at these questions. Looking closely Warsaw and other European cities under at events many would like to forget, the the German occupation. On the the Threshold of Holocaust ISBN 978-3-631-64048-7 GEP 11_264048_Szarota_AK_A5HC PLE edition new.indd 1 31.08.15 10:52 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 11 Geschichte - Erinnerung – Politik 11 Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Tomasz Szarota Szarota Tomasz On the Threshold of the Holocaust In the early months of the German occu- volume describes various characters On the Threshold pation during WWII, many of Europe’s and their stories, revealing some striking major cities witnessed anti-Jewish riots, similarities and telling differences, while anti-Semitic incidents, and even pogroms raising tantalising questions. -
Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared -
La Derecha Radical Europea En La Segunda Mitad Del Siglo Xx
NOTAS LA DERECHA RADICAL EUROPEA, EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XX Por JOSÉ LUIS ORELLA MARTÍNEZ SUMARIO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN.—II. ANTECEDENTES.—III. LA DF.RF.CMA RADICAL EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DE SIGLO.—IV. ALEMANIA, DEL III RF.ICII AI. NACIONALISMO CONSERVADOR: 1. NPD. prime- ra operación con éxito del nacionalismo alemán. 2. REP, la segunda consolidación del nacionalismo radical.—V. ITALIA, LA FORMACIÓN DF. LA DERECHA NACIONAL DEL MSI.— VI. FRANCIA, LA PLURALIDAD DE LAS DERECHAS: 1. El poujadismo y la guerra de Argelia. 2. El fenómeno del Frente Nacional.—VII. EL RESTO DE EUROPA.—VIII. BIBLIOGRAFÍA Y HEMEROTECA. INTRODUCCIÓN El término derecha resulta cada vez más confuso para poder definir diferentes actitudes políticas. En estos dos últimos siglos los términos derecha e izquierda han significado cosas tan distintas que en el desarrollo histórico de una vida ha podido algún político ser calificado de ambas formas sin abandonar su adscripción ideológi- ca. De todas formas, existe un consenso general para identificar a los progresistas sociales con izquierda y a los conservadores con la derecha. No obstante, en los ex- tremos la confusión es mayor. El nacionalismo, el cambio revolucionario, la protesta antisistema son cualidades esgrimidas por ambos extremos políticos provocando la confusión en la asignación de los términos. Sin embargo, aunque el término no es el acertado es el utilizado como tonel de Danaidas para incluir en él a los más variados prototipos políticos antiparlamenta- rios no vinculados al pensamiento marxista o anarquista. Desde los legitimismos monárquicos, integristas religiosos, conservadores autoritarios, hasta los neofascis- 137 Revisto Je Estudios Foüticos (Nueva ¿poca) Núm. -
Belgian Identity Politics: at a Crossroad Between Nationalism and Regionalism
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2014 Belgian identity politics: At a crossroad between nationalism and regionalism Jose Manuel Izquierdo University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Human Geography Commons Recommended Citation Izquierdo, Jose Manuel, "Belgian identity politics: At a crossroad between nationalism and regionalism. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2014. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2871 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Jose Manuel Izquierdo entitled "Belgian identity politics: At a crossroad between nationalism and regionalism." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Geography. Micheline van Riemsdijk, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Derek H. Alderman, Monica Black Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Belgian identity politics: At a crossroad between nationalism and regionalism A Thesis Presented for the Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Jose Manuel Izquierdo August 2014 Copyright © 2014 by Jose Manuel Izquierdo All rights reserved. -
A Report to the Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division, U.S
Robert Jan Verbelen and the United States Government A Report to the Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division, U.S. Department of Justice NEAL M. SHER, Director Office of Special Investigations ARON A. GOLBERG, Attorney Office of Special Investigations ELIZABETH B. WHITE, Historian Office of Special Investigations June 16, 1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS Pacre I . Introduction A . Background of Verbelen Investigation ...... 1 B . Scope of Investigation ............. 2 C . Conduct of Investigation ............ 4 I1. Early Life Through World War I1 .......... 7 I11 . War Crimes Trial in Belgium ............ 11 IV . The 430th Counter Intelligence Corps Detachment in Austria ..................... 12 A . Mission. Organization. and Personnel ...... 12 B . Use of Former Nazis and Nazi Collaborators ... 15 V . Verbelen's Versions of His Work for the CIC .... 20 A . Explanation to the 66th CIC Group ....... 20 B . Testimony at War Crimes Trial ......... 21 C . Flemish Interview ............... 23 D . Statement to Austrian Journalist ........ 24 E . Version Told to OSI .............. 26 VI . Verbelen's Employment with the 430th CIC Detachment ..................... 28 A . Work for Harris ................ 28 B . Project Newton ................. 35 C . Change of Alias from Mayer to Schwab ...... 44 D . The CIC Ignores Verbelen's Change of Identity .................... 52 E . Verbelen's Work for the 430th CIC from 1950 to1955 .................... 54 1 . Work for Ekstrom .............. 54 2 . Work for Paulson .............. 55 3 . The 430th CIC Refuses to Conduct Checks on Verbelen and His Informants ....... 56 4 . Work for Giles ............... 60 Verbelen's Employment with the 66th CIC Group ... 62 A . Work for Wood ................. 62 B . Verbelen Reveals His True Identity ....... 63 C . A Western European Intelligence Agency Recruits Verbelen .............. -
Gescande Afbeelding
Bruno De Wever UITERST RECHTS IN VLAANDEREN VOOR, TIJDENS EN NA DE TWEEDE WERELDOORLOG | Het Verdinaso Onlangs verschenen weer enkele boeken over de uiterste rechterzij- de in België. Nog net voor uitgeverij Soethoudt definitief over de kop ging, bracht ze een boek uit van Jan Creve over de geschiedenis van het Verdina- so en zijn milities (1). Creve zal wel niet gelukkig zijn met het feit dat hij wellicht kan fluiten naar zijn auteursloon, maar ik vermoed dat hij al evenmin heeft gejuicht toen hij zijn boek voor het eerst zag. Soethoudt is er nl. in geslaagd de talrijke en originele foto's die Creve bij elkaar heeft gezocht op een abominabele manier af te drukken. Overigens heeft de uitgeverij voor de vormgeving van het boek zich duidelijk geïn- spireerd op de reeks “Retrospectief van uitgeverij Lannoo. Jan Creve is een jong historicus, enkele jaren geleden afgestudeerd aan de RUG. Zijn boek is gebaseerd op zijn licentiaatsverhandeling over de milities van het Verdinaso. Vandaar dat hij in dit boek een ster- ke nadruk legt op deze formaties en minder op de andere geleding-en van het "Verbond van Dietse Nationaal Solidaristen". De structuur van het Verdinaso berust op vier peilers : het Verdinaso zelf a!s politieke beweging, de Dietse Militie die na de wet van 29 juli 1934 werd omge- vormd tot de Dinaso Militanten Orde (DMO), het Verbond van Nationa- le Arbeiders Syndicaten dat later werd omgevormd tot het Verbond van Dinaso Corporaties en tenslotte het Verbond van Dinaso Knapenven- dels (de Jong-Dinaso's). In 1936 werd ook nog het Verbond van Dina- sovrouwen en meisjes opgericht. -
Formation Des Choses Et Des Gens Fondée Sur L’Héritage
LA BELGIQUE ET SES DÉMONS Luc Beyer de Ryke LA BELGIQUE ET SES DÉMONS Mythes fondateurs et destructeurs édition mols François-Xavier de Guibert Ces pages ne sont pas disponibles à la pré- visualisation. de Versailles. Jusqu’en 1925, ils dépendirent du Ministère des Colonies tout comme le Ruanda-Urundi. C’est le lieutenant- général Baltia qui en exerça la tutelle militaire. Il y eut un plébiscite censé consulter les populations. Rares furent ceux qui osèrent se prononcer en faveur de l’Allemagne. 271 électeurs contre 33 726 le firent. En Belgique, seul le P.O.B. (Parti ouvrier belge) marque ses réserves et même son hostilité. Les grandes voix du socialisme belge, celle d’Émile Vandervelde, familièrement appelé par les siens le « Patron », celle de Louis De Brouckère se firent entendre. Après l’adhésion forcée apportée par le plébiscite, Louis De Brouckère dit ne pas voir « l’intérêt véritable de [son] pays de créer une petite Alsace à sa frontière ». Entre les deux guerres, l’irrédentisme pro-allemand fut important. Ainsi, lors des élections de 1936, le Heimattreue Front (le Front patriotique) prôna le vote blanc. Il fut majoritaire. Sans compter que les rexistes d’un Léon Degrelle, dont la collaboration avec le Reich se profilait, obtenaient plus de 26 % des suffrages. Lorsque la Seconde Guerre mondiale éclata, les cantons redevinrent allemands. D’autorité. Là, comme en Alsace, il y eut les « malgré nous ». Sur 8 000 hommes enrôlés, 3 400 ne revinrent pas. Ici aussi l’épuration eut la main dure. On soupçonna et accusa de collaboration un quart de la population. -
'With a Stretched Arm. Like Superman, Not Like
‘With a stretched arm. Like Superman, not like Hitler’. The Politics of Commemorative Irreverence in Astronaut van Oranje (2013) by Andy Fierens and Michaël Brijs ‘Met gestrekte arm. Zoals Superman, niet zoals Hitler’. De uitdagingen van het culturele geheugen in Astronaut van Oranje (2013) van Andy Fierens en Michaël Brijs Jan Lensen, Freie Universität Berlin Abstract. This essay offers an analysis of the aesthetical and political implications of the seemingly random use of names of figures from Belgian collaborationist history in the novel Astronaut van Oranje (2013) by Flemish authors Andy Fierens and Michaël Brijs. More specifically, it investigates the framing of the memory of World War II in Belgium by means of a satirical fantasy story that fuses elements from the dystopian imagination, science fiction, Gothic horror, and popular culture. Drenched in satire, hyperbole, absurdities, coarse humor, and blatant clichés, the novel eschews historiographical relevance and deliberately ignores the sensibilities that govern public and political discourses about this war past. By doing so, so I argue, it offers a provocative engagement with established practices in both Belgian and Flemish cultural memory, implementing what I will call a ‘politics of commemorative irreverence’. Keywords: Second World War, collaborationism, cultural memory, Andy Fierens, dystopia, science fiction, satire / Tweede Wereldoorlog, collaboratie, cultureel geheugen, Andy Fierens, dystopie, science fiction, satire Journal of Dutch Literature, 6.2 (2015), 37-58 Jan Lensen 38 Introduction The use of the comic in cultural representations of suffering and perpetration seems governed by a stringent ethical imperative. While the comical presentation of affliction is considered the privilege of those subjected to it (the insiders and, by extension, their descendants), the permission to laugh at perpetrators is tied to the condition of not being one (the outsiders, although this category is obviously much more difficult to demarcate). -
Synarchy Movement of Empire Book Ii
SYNARCHY MOVEMENT OF EMPIRE BOOK II THE MODERN SYNARCHY INTERNATIONAL by Pierre Beaudry LAVAL BEASTMAN OF VICHY LEESBURG, Va. June 20, 2005 1 DEDICATION This book is dedicated to the LaRouche Youth Movement (LYM) worldwide, and particularly to the French LYM, who deserve to know the truth about French history and world affairs. Previous generations of French citizens had settled their accounts with their immediate past history by either going to war, or by getting involved into absurd coups d'Etat, however, they never knew why they were doing so. My generation of Bohemian Bourgeois (BoBos) has not done that; it didn't care to do anything for history, nor for the future generations. It was only interested in lying and in taking care of "Me, Me, Me!" The problem that the youth of today are face with is that the truth about the French Revolution, about Napoleon Bonaparte, about the Synarchy, about the destruction of the Third Republic, or about Vichy has never been told. So, either the truth comes out now, and finally exorcises the French population as a whole, once and forever, or else the French nation is doomed to repeat the same mistakes of the past, again and again. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK II THE MODERN SYNARCHY INTERNATIONAL 1.1 SAINT YVES D'ALVEYDRE: THE SYNARCHY OF A ONE-WORLD EMPIRE …………… 8 ***** 1.2 INTRODUCTION 2.2 AGAINST THE PEACE OF WESTPHALIA AND AMERICA 3.2 A SYNARCHIST CONSTITUTION FOR EUROPE 4.2 SYNARCHIST ALLIANCE AGAINST ISLAM AND THE "TARTARS" 5.2 THE EXCLUSION OF ISLAM 6.2 SAINT-YVES D'ALVEYDRE, A VICTIM OF BIPOLARITY 7.2 THE HATRED OF PLATO AND OF {AGAPE} 8.2 THE CREATION OF THE {ORDRE MARTINISTE ET SYNARCHIQUE} 9.2 THE MYSTICAL ORIGINS OF THE SYNARCHY DOCTRINE 10.2 EISENHOWER INVITED TO HEAD THE AMERICAN SYNARCHY . -
Reconstructions of the Past in Belgium and Flanders
Louis Vos 7. Reconstructions of the Past in Belgium and Flanders In the eyes of some observers, the forces of nationalism are causing such far- reaching social and political change in Belgium that they threaten the cohesion of the nation-state, and may perhaps lead to secession. Since Belgian independ- ence in 1831 there have been such radical shifts in national identity – in fact here we could speak rather of overlapping and/or competing identities – that the political authorities have responded by changing the political structures of the Belgian state along federalist lines. The federal government, the Dutch-speaking Flemish community in the north of Belgium and the French-speaking commu- nity – both in the southern Walloon region and in the metropolitan area of Brus- sels – all have their own governments and institutions.1 The various actors in this federal framework each have their own conceptions of how to take the state-building process further, underpinned by specific views on Belgian national identity and on the identities of the different regions and communities. In this chapter, the shifts in the national self-image that have taken place in Belgium during its history and the present configurations of national identities and sub-state nationalism will be described. Central to this chapter is the question whether historians have contributed to the legitimization of this evolving consciousness, and if so, how. It will be demonstrated that the way in which the practice of historiography reflects the process of nation- and state- building has undergone profound changes since the beginnings of a national his- toriography. -
La Droite Belge Et L'aide À Franco
LA DROITE BELGE ET L'AIDE A FRANCO par Francis BALACE le PARTIE : L'INACTION ".. - Is there any point to which you would wish to draw my atten- tion ? - To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time. - The dog did nothing in the night-time. - That was the curious incident, remarked Sherlock Holmes..." A. CONAN DOYLE, Silver Blaze "...Les Espagnols avaient tout pour être heureux. Baignés d'azur, sans grands besoins, ils pouvaient rêver sous le soleil, vivre de leur industrie, se nourrir de leur sol, et jouer de la mandoline. Or, un jour, 60 juifs arrivent de Moscou. Il sont chargés de montrer à ce peuple qu'il est très malheureux : "Si vous saviez comme on est mieux chez nous!...' Et voici cette nation chevaleresque qui se met, pieds et poings liés à la domesticité d'une lointaine Russie [...I II y a, dans l'ombre, quelqu'un d'autrement puissant que la soixantaine de misérables juifs qui, il y a trois ans, passèrent la frontière espagnole pour le service de Moscou II y a celui dont le Christ disait à Pierre : "Satan m'a demandé de te cribler comme on crible le froment..." Il y a celui que l'Evangile appelle "Le prince de ce monde" et dont l'éphémère mais horrible succès est prédit dans l'Apocalypse [...] Derrière le prétexte de difficultés ouvrières, qui s'arrangeraient facilement dans une autre atmosphère, il y a le choc de deux doc- trines, qui se heurtent dans leur essentialité. Le temps des "flirts" est passé. Les partis de nuances n'existent plus. -
First Defense Extra Time
March 2018 ISSN 1864-3973 HYPER TENSION Diagnosis: The US president and his “America first” policies are a shock to the international system. What treatments should be prescribed? pages 10 / 11 Extra time First defense GERMANY The SPD has given the green light to the next It’s time for a real European security initiative IS GOOD grand coalition with Merkel’s Union to bridge the gulf between rhetoric and reality FOR THE UN scandal revealed that the country is also There are two dominant paradigms for BY THEO SOMMER far from meeting its goal of reducing BY MARK LEONARD pondering European defense: promoting EDITORIAL BY PUBLISHER toxic emissions. The future of work, integration and building capabilities. But DETLEF PRINZ ermany is back. Almost six education, pensions, healthcare and his is the hour of Europe – a by trying to pursue both goals within its months after the inconclu- elderly care all require much attention. unique opportunity to unite a first few steps, the EU risks achieving In summer 2018, the 72nd General Gsive federal elections last Sep- Rescuing the dilapidated public infra- Tdivided continent by showing neither. Assembly of the United Nations in tember, after tortuous negotiations structure – roads, bridges, schools and that unity is the first line of defense in a The launch of Permanent Structured New York will decide on Germany’s between five of the seven parties in the universities, railways and army barracks dangerous world. But thus far there is a Cooperation (PESCO) triggered a big application for a seat on the Bundestag and after heart-wrenching – from further decay, modernizing the continent-sized gulf between the Euro- debate between the pro-integration and Security Council in 2019 and 2020.