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Introducing Phonology
Introducing Phonology Designed for students with only a basic knowledge of linguistics, this leading textbook provides a clear and practical introduction to phonology, the study of sound patterns in language. It teaches in a step-by-step fashion the logical techniques of phonological analysis and the fundamental theories that underpin it. This thoroughly revised and updated edition teaches students how to analyze phonological data, how to think critically about data, how to formulate rules and hypotheses, and how to test them. New to this edition: • Improved examples, over 60 exercises, and 14 new problem sets from a wide variety of languages encourage students to practice their own analysis of phonological processes and patterns • A new and updated reference list of phonetic symbols and an updated transcription system, making data more accessible to students • Additional online material includes pedagogical suggestions and password-protected answer keys for instructors david odden is Professor Emeritus in Linguistics at Ohio State University. Cambridge Introductions to Language and Linguistics This new textbook series provides students and their teachers with accessible introductions to the major subjects encountered within the study of language and linguistics. Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, each book is written and designed for ease of use in the classroom or seminar, and is ideal for adoption on a modular course as the core recommended textbook. Each book offers the ideal introductory material for each subject, presenting students with an overview of the main topics encountered in their course, and features a glossary of useful terms, chapter previews and summaries, suggestions for further reading, and helpful exercises. -
Observations Report (Rodley 1997)
UNITED NATIONS E Distr. Economic and Social GENERAL Council E/CN.4/1998/38/Add.1 24 December 1997 Original: ENGLISH COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Fiftyfourth session Item 8 (a) of the provisional agenda QUESTION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF ALL PERSONS SUBJECTED TO ANY FORM OF DETENTION OR IMPRISONMENT, IN PARTICULAR: TORTURE AND OTHER CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OR PUNISHMENT Report of the Special Rapporteur, Mr. Nigel S. Rodley, submitted pursuant to Commission on Human Rights resolution 1997/38 Addendum Summary of cases transmitted to Governments and replies received CONTENTS Paragraphs Page Afghanistan ....................... 1 2 4 Albania ......................... 3 4 Algeria ......................... 4 8 4 Argentina ........................ 9 5 Armenia ......................... 10 13 5 Austria ......................... 14 17 6 Azerbaijan ....................... 18 20 7 Bahrain ......................... 21 24 7 Bhutan ......................... 25 28 8 Bolivia ......................... 29 9 Brazil ......................... 30 34 9 Bulgaria ........................ 35 39 10 Burundi ......................... 40 43 11 GE.9714648 (E) E/CN.4/1998/38/Add.1 page 2 CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs Page Cameroon ........................ 44 48 11 Chad .......................... 49 63 12 Chile .......................... 64 66 14 China .......................... 67 78 16 Colombia ........................ 79 19 Cuba .......................... 80 82 19 Cyprus ......................... 83 84 19 Democratic Republic -
Ofic. 501 Pucallpa, Perú Telf. 51 (61) 571713
PALMAS DEL PERÚ Abril 17, 2016 Ms. Sasikia Ozinga Co-Chair of the Board Forest Peoples Programme 1c Fosseway Business Centre, Stratford Road Moreton-in-Marsh, GL56 9NQ England We are responding to your letter dated March 4th, 2016 and confirming our serious commitment to sustainable entrepreneurship in Peru, respecting their laws and operating with social inclusion and environmental care, especially with respect to the original cultures close to the areas where we are carrying out our activities. 1. In order to maintain a relationship of reciprocal treatment with your organization, it is necessary for us to receive a satisfactory clarification on the part of FPP for that which was irresponsably expressed in the fourth paragraph of your online press release issued on November 18th, 2015 regarding alleged death threats to Mr. Washington Bolivar insinuating that this was supposedly carried out by the company and its principal director Mr Dennis Melka. Freedom of expression is in no way an acceptable pretext for desseminating slanderous allegations through the media, which without objective evidence unjustly attempt to skew information and the perceptions of people and institutions with the presumed intention of damaging their respective reputations. We wish to remind you that the rights of one person end where the rights of another begin. In the letter we sent on November 23rd, 2015 we had specifically requested from you objective evidence proving the above claims made by the FPP. Up to this point in time we still have not received any response 2. We reiterate that our agricultural activities are NOT being carried out on property owned by the Shipibo community of Santa Clara de Uchunya , demonstrated not only in the field of pure national and international law and binding agreements , but also with full respect for customary laws of Indigenous peoples , through the following considerations : • The Regional Government of Ucayali , according to its competence, by Regional Executive Resolution No. -
Shiwilu (Jebero) Pilar Valenzuela Chapman University, [email protected]
Chapman University Chapman University Digital Commons World Languages and Cultures Faculty Articles and World Languages and Cultures Research 2013 Shiwilu (Jebero) Pilar Valenzuela Chapman University, [email protected] Carlos Gussenhoven Radboud University Nijmegen Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/language_articles Part of the Anthropological Linguistics and Sociolinguistics Commons, Language Description and Documentation Commons, Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, and the Phonetics and Phonology Commons Recommended Citation Valenzuela, Pilar M., and Carlos Gussenhoven. "Shiwilu (Jebero)." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 43.01 (2013): 97-106. DOI:10.1017/S0025100312000370. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the World Languages and Cultures at Chapman University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in World Languages and Cultures Faculty Articles and Research by an authorized administrator of Chapman University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Shiwilu (Jebero) Comments This article was originally published in Journal of the International Phonetic Association, volume 43, issue 1, in 2013. DOI: 10.1017/S0025100312000370 Copyright Cambridge University Press This article is available at Chapman University Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/language_articles/1 ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE IPA Shiwilu (Jebero) Pilar M. Valenzuela Chapman University, Orange, CA [email protected] Carlos Gussenhoven Radboud University Nijmegen & Queen Mary University of London [email protected] Shiwilu (a.k.a. Jebero) is a critically endangered language from Peruvian Amazonia and one of the two members of the Kawapanan linguistic family. Most of its nearly 30 remaining fluent speakers live in and around the village of Jeberos (District of Jeberos, Province of Alto Amazonas, Loreto Region), at approximately 5° S,75° W. -
The Poetics of Recapitulative Linkage in Matsigenka and Mixed Matsigenka-Spanish Myth Narrations Emlen, Nicholas Quinn
University of Groningen The poetics of recapitulative linkage in Matsigenka and mixed Matsigenka-Spanish myth narrations Emlen, Nicholas Quinn Published in: Bridging constructions DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2563680 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2019 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Emlen, N. Q. (2019). The poetics of recapitulative linkage in Matsigenka and mixed Matsigenka-Spanish myth narrations. In V. Guérin (Ed.), Bridging constructions (pp. 45–77). Language Science Press. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2563680 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 24-09-2021 Chapter 2 The poetics of recapitulative linkage in Matsigenka and mixed Matsigenka- Spanish myth narrations Nicholas Q. Emlen John Carter Brown Library, Brown University In a small community in the Andean-Amazonian transitional zone of Southern Peru, speakers of Matsigenka use recapitulative linkages in myth narrations. -
Rethinking Fuelwood: People, Policy and the Anatomy of a Charcoal Supply Chain in a Decentralizing Peru
Article Rethinking Fuelwood: People, Policy and the Anatomy of a Charcoal Supply Chain in a Decentralizing Peru Aoife Bennett 1,2,*, Peter Cronkleton 2 ID , Mary Menton 3 and Yadvinder Malhi 1 1 Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK; [email protected] 2 Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR-Peru), Av. La Molina 1895, La Molina 15024 Peru; [email protected] 3 SEED (Solutions & Evidence for Environment & Development), 163 Howard St, Oxford OX4 3BA, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 5 July 2018; Accepted: 24 August 2018; Published: 31 August 2018 Abstract: In Peru, as in many developing countries, charcoal is an important source of fuel. We examine the commercial charcoal commodity chain from its production in Ucayali, in the Peruvian Amazon, to its sale in the national market. Using a mixed-methods approach, we look at the actors involved in the commodity chain and their relationships, including the distribution of benefits along the chain. We outline the obstacles and opportunities for a more equitable charcoal supply chain within a multi-level governance context. The results show that charcoal provides an important livelihood for most of the actors along the supply chain, including rural poor and women. We find that the decentralisation process in Peru has implications for the formalisation of charcoal supply chains, a traditionally informal, particularly related to multi-level institutional obstacles to equitable commerce. This results in inequity in the supply chain, which persecutes the poorest participants and supports the most powerful actors. -
"Amazónicas" Son Las Lenguas Kawapana? Contacto Con Las Lenguas Centro-Andinas Y Elementos Para Un Área Lingüística Intermedia*
¿Qué tan "amazónicas" son las lenguas kawapana? Contacto con las lenguas centro-andinas y elementos para un área lingüística intermedia* Pilar M. Valenzuela Chapman University "…las conexiones entre las tierras altas y bajas son longevas, dinámicas, fluctuantes y multidireccionales. Captarlas en toda su complejidad es una tarea que está por hacer en buena cuenta". (Kaulicke 2013: 25). RESUMEN La familia lingüística kawapana del nororiente peruano está conformada por los idiomas shiwilu y shawi, también conocidos como jebero y chayahuita respectivamente. Por lo común, se suele categorizar a las lenguas kawapana como entidades lingüísticas "amazónicas". No obstante, el presente estudio demuestra que estas comparten semejanzas gramaticales apreciables con las familias centro-andinas quechua y aimara, así como con otros idiomas de las tierras bajas relativamente cercanos. Dicha convergencia sería el resultado de cambios lingüísticos inducidos por el contacto o la difusión indirecta. Además de develar el complejo perfil gramatical de las lenguas kawapana, el presente estudio proporciona evidencia en favor de un área lingüística intermedia entre la Amazonía y los Andes, de la cual los idiomas kawapana formarían parte. Palabras clave: kawapana/cahuapana, quechua, aimara, contacto lingüístico, área lingüística. ABSTRACT The kawapana linguistic family of northeastern Peru is formed by shiwilu and shawi languages, also known as Jebero and Chayahuita respectively. Ordinarily, it is usually categorize kawapana languages as "Amazonian" linguistic entities. However, this study shows that they share significant grammatical similarities to the central-andean quechua and aymara families, as well as other languages of the relatively nearby lowlands. This convergence would be the result of linguistic changes induced by contact or indirect dissemination. -
Typological Differences in Morphological Patterns, Gender Features, and Thematic Structure in the L2 Acquisition of Ashaninka Spanish
languages Article Typological Differences in Morphological Patterns, Gender Features, and Thematic Structure in the L2 Acquisition of Ashaninka Spanish Liliana Sánchez 1,* ID and Elisabeth Mayer 2 ID 1 Department of Spanish and Portuguese, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 15 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA 2 School of Literature, Languages and Linguistics, Australian National University, 110 Ellery Crescent, ACT 2601 Acton, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-848-932-6953 Received: 15 January 2018; Accepted: 1 June 2018; Published: 11 June 2018 Abstract: It has been widely argued that morphological competence, particularly functional morphology, represents the bottleneck of second language acquisition (Jensen et al. 2017; Lardiere 1998, 2005; Slabakova 2008, 2009, 2013). In this study, we explore three challenging aspects of the morphology of Spanish among advanced L1 Ashaninka—L2 Spanish speakers: (i) the acquisition of proclitics and enclitics with inflected verbs; (ii) the distribution of accusative clitics according to the thematic role of the direct object in anaphoric and doubling structures; and (iii) the distribution of clitic forms and their association with gender features. Our results show evidence of the L2 acquisition of clitic structures in L2 Spanish speakers, and no difference between native and L2 speakers regarding sensitivity to thematic roles. However, there are statistically significant differences between groups in the distribution of the gender specification of the clitic antecedents or doubled determiner phrases (DPs). We take these results as evidence in support of the view that morphological patterns can be acquired (proclitics vs. suffixes) as well as preferences for mapping thematic roles onto clitics, but subtle differences in the continuum of preferences for mapping gender features are more difficult to acquire. -
A SYNTACTIC STUDY on SPOKEN TAMIL Thesis Submitted for the Ph
A SYNTACTIC STUDY ON SPOKEN TAMIL Thesis submitted for the Ph.D. degree of the University of London hy Rama Subhiah Department of Phonetics and Linguistics School of Oriental and African Studies January 1965 ProQuest Number: 10731347 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731347 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This thesis presents a syntactic descrip tion of spoken Tamil, hased on the auth or's own speech. The introductory first chapter describes briefly some characteristics of Tamil and gives a note on the methodology. This is followed by a chapter which deals with the transcription used and with fea tures of junction. The structure and system of the sentence, the clause, the nominal group, the verb al group and the adverbial group are des cribed in the next five chapters. s. The last two chapters deal with the mor phology of the nominals and the verbals. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My thanks are due to my supervisor ?Mr.R.H.Robins who guided me with great enthusiasm and encourage ment • I am grateful to Mrs.E.M. -
The Grammar of Bisa
1 THE GRAMMAR OF BISA - a Synchronic Description of the Lebir Dialect Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London by Anthony Joshua Naden Department of Phonetics and Linguistics School of Oriental and African Studies 1973 ProQuest Number: 10672949 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672949 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT % (This thesis sets out a description of the Grammar of the Bis a language of West Africa, and particularly the Lebiri Dialect thereof. An introductory chapter (Chap. 1 p. 12 ) describes the people and their back ground, and explains the research on which the thesis is based and the hierarchical mode in which the Grammar is presented.. A section of this chapter (l»5 » PP- 6 l ff0 gives a sketch of the phonology as an explanation of the transcriptions used in the citation of Bisa examples. Chapters 2 to 7 present the main matter of the analysis, viz. the Syntax of Lebiri Bisa in a Syntagmatic presentation. -
ARAWAK LANGUAGES” by Alexandra Y
OXFORD BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN LINGUISTICS “ARAWAK LANGUAGES” by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald © Oxford University Press Not for distribution. For permissions, please email [email protected]. xx Introduction General Overviews Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters North Arawak Languages Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Reference Works Grammatical and Lexical Studies Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Specific Issues in the Grammar of North Arawak Languages Mixed Arawak-Carib Language and the Emergence of Island Carib Language Contact and the Effects of Language Obsolescence Dictionaries of North Arawak Languages Pre-andine Arawak Languages Campa Languages Monographs and Dissertations Articles and Book Chapters Amuesha Chamicuro Piro and Iñapari Apurina Arawak Languages of the Xingu Indigenous Park Arawak Languages of Areas near Xingu South Arawak Languages Arawak Languages of Bolivia Introduction The Arawak family is the largest in South America, with about forty extant languages. Arawak languages are spoken in lowland Amazonia and beyond, covering French Guiana, Suriname, Guiana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, and Bolivia, and formerly in Paraguay and Argentina. Wayuunaiki (or Guajiro), spoken in the region of the Guajiro peninsula in Venezuela and Colombia, is the largest language of the family. Garifuna is the only Arawak language spoken in Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala in Central America. Groups of Arawak speakers must have migrated from the Caribbean coast to the Antilles a few hundred years before the European conquest. At least several dozen Arawak languages have become extinct since the European conquest. The highest number of recorded Arawak languages is centered in the region between the Rio Negro and the Orinoco. -
Chamicuro Data: Lateral Allophones Datos Del Chamicuro: Alófonos Laterales
Chamicuro data: lateral allophones Datos del chamicuro: alófonos laterales Steve Parker Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics, University of North Dakota, and SIL International SIL Language and Culture Documentation and Description 7 ©2010 Steve Parker, and SIL International ISSN 1939-0785 Fair Use Policy Documents published in the Language and Culture Documentation and Description series are intended for scholarly research and educational use. You may make copies of these publications for research or instructional purposes (under fair use guidelines) free of charge and without further permission. Republication or commercial use of Language and Culture Documentation and Description or the documents contained therein is expressly prohibited without the written consent of the copyright holder(s). Series Editor George Huttar Copy Editors Betty Philpott Mary Ruth Wise Compositor Judy Benjamin Abstract In this paper I present a 402-item wordlist that illustrates the occurrence of the phoneme /l/ in Chamicuro, an extinct Arawakan language of Peru. Both the instructions (metadata) and the glosses for the actual linguistic forms are given in Spanish as well as in English. Introduction In this article I present a 402-item wordlist that illustrates the occurrence of the phoneme /l/ in the Chamicuro language of Peru. This introductory section of the paper describes the following Chamicuro data, including the purpose of presenting them in this way at this time, and metadata explaining the circumstances surrounding their collection. After these instructions are given in English, a corresponding Spanish translation is also included. The following fonts are used in this article: in the original Word document from which this file was created, I use the default Times New Roman font for the prose explanations in this introductory section; for all of the phonetically transcribed Chamicuro data forms, on the other hand, I use the Doulos SIL unicode-compliant font.