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Memoirs on the History, Folk-Lore, and Distribution of The
' *. 'fftOPE!. , / . PEIHCETGIT \ rstC, juiv 1 THEOLOGICAL iilttTlKV'ki ' • ** ~V ' • Dive , I) S 4-30 Sect; £46 — .v-..2 SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/memoirsonhistory02elli ; MEMOIRS ON THE HISTORY, FOLK-LORE, AND DISTRIBUTION RACESOF THE OF THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES OF INDIA BEING AN AMPLIFIED EDITION OF THE ORIGINAL SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF INDIAN TERMS, BY THE J.ATE SIR HENRY M. ELLIOT, OF THE HON. EAST INDIA COMPANY’S BENGAL CIVIL SEBVICB. EDITED REVISED, AND RE-ARRANGED , BY JOHN BEAMES, M.R.A.S., BENGAL CIVIL SERVICE ; MEMBER OP THE GERMAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY, OP THE ASIATIC SOCIETIES OP PARIS AND BENGAL, AND OF THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIBTY OP LONDON. IN TWO VOLUMES. YOL. II. LONDON: TRUBNER & CO., 8 and 60, PATERNOSTER ROWV MDCCCLXIX. [.All rights reserved STEPHEN AUSTIN, PRINTER, HERTFORD. ; *> »vv . SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES. PART III. REVENUE AND OFFICIAL TERMS. [Under this head are included—1. All words in use in the revenue offices both of the past and present governments 2. Words descriptive of tenures, divisions of crops, fiscal accounts, like 3. and the ; Some articles relating to ancient territorial divisions, whether obsolete or still existing, with one or two geographical notices, which fall more appro- priately under this head than any other. —B.] Abkar, jlLT A distiller, a vendor of spirituous liquors. Abkari, or the tax on spirituous liquors, is noticed in the Glossary. With the initial a unaccented, Abkar means agriculture. Adabandi, The fixing a period for the performance of a contract or pay- ment of instalments. -
Shah-I-Hamadan Institute of Islamic Studies University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006
VOL. 17 ISSN: 0975-6590 2017 Shah-i-Hamadan Institute of Islamic Studies University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 ------------- ------------- VOL. 17 ISSN: 0975-6590 2017 UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR, SRINAGAR-190006 The Director S. H. Institute of Islamic Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 Price: Rs. 500 Foreign: $50 Published by: The Director, S. H. Institute of Islamic Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 ISSN: 0975-6590 Designed by: Al-Khalil DTP Centre Sir Syed Gate Hazratbal Srinagar, Kashmir Contact: +91-9796394827, 9797012869 Printed at: Haqqani Printing Press Fateh Kadal, Srinagar, Kashmir. Contact: +91-9419600060, +91-9596284995 ---ooo--- ---ooo--- VOL. 17 ISSN: 0975-6590 2017 Chief Editor Prof. Abdul Rashid Bhat Editor Prof. Manzoor Ahmad Bhat Assistant Editor Dr. Nasir Nabi Advisory Editorial Board 1. Prof. M. Yasin Mazhar Siddique, Former Chairman, Institute of Islamic Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. 2. Prof. Akhtar al-Wasey, Vice Chancellor Maulana Azad University, Jodhpur. 3. Prof. Syed Abdul Ali, Former Chairman, Institute of Islamic Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. 4. Prof. S. Fayyaz Ahmad, Department of Tourism and Management, Central university of Kashmir, Srinagar. 5. Prof. S. M. Yunus Gilani, Department of General Studies, International Islamic University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 6. Prof. G. R. Malik, Former Head, Department of English, and Dean, Faculty of Arts, University of Kashmir, Srinagar. 7. Prof. Naseem Ahmad Shah, Former Dean, School of Social Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar. 8. Prof. Ishtiyaque Danish, Former Head, Department of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. 9. Prof. Hamidullah Marazi, Head Department of Religious Studies, Central university of Kashmir, Srinagar. Information for Contributors Insight Islamicus, is a peer reviewed and indexed journal (indexed in Index Islamicus, UK) published annually by Shah-i-Hamadan Institute of Islamic Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar. -
A Kachin Case Study
MUSEUMS, DIASPORA COMMUNITIES AND DIASPORIC CULTURES A KACHIN CASE STUDY HELEN MEARS PHD 2019 0 Abstract This thesis adds to the growing body of literature on museums and source communities through addressing a hitherto under-examined area of activity: the interactions between museums and diaspora communities. It does so through a focus on the cultural practices and museum engagements of the Kachin community from northern Myanmar. The shift in museum practice prompted by increased interaction with source communities from the 1980s onwards has led to fundamental changes in museum policy. Indeed, this shift has been described as “one of the most important developments in the history of museums” (Peers and Brown, 2003, p.1). However, it was a shift informed by the interests and perspectives of an ethnocentric museology, and, for these reasons, analysis of its symptoms has remained largely focussed on the museum institution rather than the communities which historically contributed to these institutions’ collections. Moreover, it was a shift which did not fully take account of the increasingly mobile and transnational nature of these communities. This thesis, researched and written by a museum curator, was initiated by the longstanding and active engagement of Kachin people with historical materials in the collections of Brighton Museum & Art Gallery. In closely attending to the cultural interests and habits of overseas Kachin communities, rather than those of the Museum, the thesis responds to Christina Kreps’ call to researchers to “liberate our thinking from Eurocentric notions of what constitutes the museum and museological behaviour” (2003, p.x). Through interviews with individual members of three overseas Kachin communities and the examination of a range of Kachin-related cultural productions, it demonstrates the extent to which Kachin people, like museums, are highly engaged in heritage and cultural preservation, albeit in ways which are distinctive to normative museum practices of collecting, display and interpretation. -
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StudyontheInteractionoftheSinicizationofChristianityand theReconstructionofCrossＧborderEthnicMinoritiesƳCulturesinYunnan〔１〕 ZhiyingGAOandDongleiWANG (YunnanUniversityandYunnanUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,Kunming,YunnanProvince,P．R．China) Abstract :TheSinicizationofChristianity,whichisthedevelopingstrategyandpracticeto makeChristianityadaptto Chineseculture．ItcorrespondstotheChristianizationofChineseethnic minoritypeoplewhobelievedinChristianity． Fromtheperspectiveofculturalinteraction,borrowingandblending,thestudyexploresthe motivation,processand characteristicsoftheinteractivedevelopmentbetweenthelocalizationandcontextualizationofChristianityin Yunnan ethnicminorities ‘areasandtheChristianizationofethnic minorities’culturesbyhistoricalcombingandsynchronic comparison．Mostly between Christianity and ethnic minoritiesƳ traditional cultures had experienced from the estrangement,andcoexistedwitheachotherandblendingprocess,andfinishedtheChristianfrom “in”tothetransitionof “again”,soastorealizetheSinicizationalcharacteristicsoftheregional,national,butalsomaketheborderethniccultural reconstruct． KeyWords :Yunnanethnicminorities;Sinicization;Christianization;Interactivedevelopment Author :GaoZhiying,Professor,PhD,CenterforStudiesofChineseSouthwestƳsBorderlandEthnicMinoritiesofYunnan University．Tel:１３８８８０７２２２９Email:２２９６０５４８９１＠qq．com WangDonglei,ViceProfessor,PhD,SchoolofInternational LanguagesandCulturesofYunnanUniversityofFinanceandEconomics．Tel:１５８８７０１５５８０Email:１６０９７６６８７８＠qq．com Ⅰ．TheOriginoftheTopic JustasZhuoXinpingsaid,ItisnecessaryforforeignreligionssuchasBuddhism,Christianity -
Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau
IPP740 REV World Bank-financed Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Ethnic Minority Development Plan of the Yunnan Highway Assets Management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau July 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Summary of the EMDP A. Introduction 1. According to the Feasibility Study Report and RF, the Project involves neither land acquisition nor house demolition, and involves temporary land occupation only. This report aims to strengthen the development of ethnic minorities in the project area, and includes mitigation and benefit enhancing measures, and funding sources. The project area involves a number of ethnic minorities, including Yi, Hani and Lisu. B. Socioeconomic profile of ethnic minorities 2. Poverty and income: The Project involves 16 cities/prefectures in Yunnan Province. In 2013, there were 6.61 million poor population in Yunnan Province, which accounting for 17.54% of total population. In 2013, the per capita net income of rural residents in Yunnan Province was 6,141 yuan. 3. Gender Heads of households are usually men, reflecting the superior status of men. Both men and women do farm work, where men usually do more physically demanding farm work, such as fertilization, cultivation, pesticide application, watering, harvesting and transport, while women usually do housework or less physically demanding farm work, such as washing clothes, cooking, taking care of old people and children, feeding livestock, and field management. In Lijiang and Dali, Bai and Naxi women also do physically demanding labor, which is related to ethnic customs. Means of production are usually purchased by men, while daily necessities usually by women. -
Study on Traditional Beliefs and Practices Regarding Maternal and Child Health in Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai and Tibet
CDPF Publication No. 8 Study on Traditional Beliefs and Practices regarding Maternal and Child Health in Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai and Tibet Research Team of Minzu University of China April 2010 Study on Traditional Beliefs and Practices regarding Maternal and Child Health in Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai and Tibet Research Team of Minzu University of China April 2010 Acknowledgments The participants of this research project wish to thank Professor Ding Hong for her critical role guiding this research project from its initiation to completion, and to Associate Professor Guan Kai for his assistance and guidance. This report is a comprehensive summary of five field reports in the targeted areas. The five fields and their respective reporters are: 1. Guizhou province: Yang Zhongdong and Jiang Jianing in Leishan, Ma Pingyan and Shi Yingchuan in Congjiang 2. Yunnan province: Yuan Changgeng, Wu Jie, Lu Xu, Chen Gang and Guan Kai; 3. Qinghai province: Xu Yan, Gong Fang and Ma Liang; and 4. Tibetan Autonomous Region: Min Junqing, Wang Yan and Ma Hong. We wish to acknowledge Yang Zhongdong, Min Junqing, Xu Yan,Yuan Changgeng and Ma Pingyan for preparing the first draft of the comprehensive report, and Yang Zhongdong and Min Junqing for preparing the final report. We thank the following persons in the six targeted areas for their contributions: Guizhou: We thank Professor Shi Kaizhong; Li Yanzhong and Wang Jinhong; Wu Hai, Yang Decheng and Wu Kaihua; MCH Station in Leishan and Congjiang counties and Guizhou University for Nationalities. Yunnan: We appreciate the following friends and colleagues: Chen Xiuqin, Professor Guo Rui, Professor Liu Fang, Dehong Prefecture official Lin Rujian, Yunnan University for Nationalitie, and Yunnan University of Finance and Economics. -
Ethnic Minority Development Plan
ETHNIC MINORITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN April 2010 Yunnan Provincial Department of Transportation (YPDOT) i CONTENTS DEFINITION OF TERMS 1 SUMMARY EMDP 2 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5 2 EMDP JUSTIFICATION AND OBJECTIVES 5 2.1 Justification for the EMDP 5 2.2 EMDP Objectives 6 3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK 6 3.1 Government Policies on Ethnic Minorities 6 3.2 ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement and Indigenous People’s Principles 7 4 ETHNIC MINORITY PROFILE 8 4.1 The EMDP Area 8 4.2 Ethnic Minority Groups and Their Cultural Traits 8 4.2.1 Dai Group 9 4.2.2 Jingpo 11 4.2.3 De'ang 12 4.2.4 Lisu 13 4.2.5 A'chang 14 4.3 Socioeconomic Characteristics of the Ethnic Minority Groups 15 4.3.1 Poverty and Landholding 15 4.3.2 Road Accessibility 17 4.3.3 Non-farm Skills and Migrants 18 4.3.4 Education and Literacy 19 4.3.5 Access to Other Social and Economic Services 20 4.4 Gender Profile 20 4.4.1 Education and Non-farm Skills 20 4.4.2 Decision Making by Gender 21 4.5 Target of this EMDP 21 5. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 22 5.1 Stakeholder Analysis and Consultation 22 5.1.1 Stakeholder Analysis 22 5.1.2 Stakeholder Consultation and Information Disclosure 23 5.1.3 Summary of Key Findings of the Stakeholder Consultation 28 5.1.4 Attitudes of the Affected Minorities Toward the Project 29 5.2 Existing and Future Management Measures 29 5.2.1 Government Management Measures 29 5.2.2 NGO Management Measures 34 5.2.3 Programs in Northern Myanmar 34 5.3 Key Findings of the Social Impact Assessment 34 5.3.1 Direct Benefits 37 5.3.2 Indirect Positive Impacts 38 i 5.3.3 Negative Impacts 39 -
Impacts of Governance, Institutions and Culture on Resource Management
Land-Use Issues and the Sustainable Development of the Jingpo Communities of Yunnan, China: Impacts of Governance, Institutions and Culture on Resource Management Abstract The Jingpo ethnic minority is located almost entirely in Dehong Prefecture in the west of Yunnan. This Prefecture borders Myanmar, shares a number of natural characteristics with it, and is dissected by rivers which form the upper reaches of the Irrawaddy River. Its climate is influenced by monsoons originating in the Indian Ocean. The total population of this minority is about 118,000 and they are mainly located in hilly areas. This paper examines the rural economy of the Jingpo people, traditional factors influencing their management of local forest resources such as their religious beliefs, and local means of governance. The Jingpo people possess valuable indigenous knowledge about their local forest resources which should be taken into account in the quest for the sustainable economic development of this community. Today, slash-and- burn agriculture is causing economic sustainability problems for the Jingpo. In addition, land ownership problems and conflicts about property rights threaten their conservation of forests and entail economic sustainability problems as explained in this paper. Whether or not improved access to markets and the use of more productive techniques will relieve the situation and reduce poverty among the Jingpo remains to be seen. Currently the incidence of poverty among the Jingpo is high, they obtain little education and pursue mainly a subsistence lifestyle. This situation is not dissimilar to that for many hill tribes in parts of India and in Southeast Asia. Introduction Since 1950, the major forest resources of China have been controlled and managed by governments at various levels. -
Kachin Internal Displacement at the China-Myanmar Border
Interfaces and the politics of humanitarianism: Kachin internal displacement at the China-Myanmar border Elaine Lynn-Ee Ho [email protected] Post-print version Published in Journal of Refugee Studies https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fey017 Abstract: Studying interfaces directs attention to the processes through which an array of social actors and regimes come into a constellation of relations and create webs of connection that impact humanitarian intervention and the lives of displaced people. This paper illuminates the politics of humanitarianism evinced during Kachin internal displacement at the China-Myanmar border. Since 2011 conflict between the Myanmar (Burma) military and Kachin separatists has precipitated internal displacement in northern Myanmar. Apart from the Kachin struggle for autonomy, a resource war is also fuelling the conflict. Many IDPs flock to the China-Myanmar border for safety but those that try to cross the border into China are barred by the Chinese police. The interfaces examined here reveal the constraints posed during the delivery of humanitarian aid, but also signal the connections that bring displaced populations and an array of social groups together, while keeping in view the global power geometries through which such connections are forged. Introduction As a large bowl of steaming white rice was served for dinner, the conversation between my dining companions switched spontaneously from English to the Jingphaw language. Curious, I enquired about the topic of their conversation. They explained, ‘we are discussing the quality of the rice at this restaurant’. The two Kachin men stood up and went to the kitchen doorway where unopened gunny sacks of rice laid. -
Appendix 1. a Brief Description of China's 56 Ethnic Groups
Appendix 1. A Brief Description of China’s 56 Ethnic Groups Throughout history, race, language and religion have divided China as much as physical terrain, political fiat and conquest.1 However, it is always a politically sensitive issue to identify those non-Han people as different ethnic groups. As a result, the total number of ethnic groups has never been fixed precisely in China. For example, in 1953, only 42 ethnic peoples were identified, while the number increased to 54 in 1964 and 56 in 1982. Of course, this does not include the unknown ethnic groups as well as foreigners with Chinese citizenship.2 Specifically, China’s current 56 ethnic groups are, in alphabetical order, Achang, Bai, Baonan, Blang, Buyi, Dai, Daur, Deang, Derung, Dong, Dongxiang, Ewenki, Gaoshan, Gelao, Han, Hani, Hezhe, Hui, Jing, Jingpo, Jino, Kazak, Kirgiz, Korean, Lahu, Lhoba, Li, Lisu, Manchu, 1 The text is prepared by Rongxing Guo based on the following sources: (i) The Ethnic Minorities in China (title in Chinese: “zhongguo shaoshu minzu”, edited by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (SEAC) of the People’s Republic of China and published in 2010 by the Central Nationality University Press, Beijing) and (ii) the introductory text of China’s 56 ethnic groups (in Chinese, available at http://www.seac.gov.cn/col/col107/index.html, accessed on 2016–06–20). 2 As of 2010, when the Sixth National Population Census of the People’s Republic of China was conducted, the populations of the unknown ethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship were 640,101 and 1448, respectively. -
Prayer Cards | Joshua Project
Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Agariya (Muslim traditions) in Pakistan Ager (Muslim traditions) in Pakistan Population: 1,300 Population: 7,200 World Popl: 16,300 World Popl: 7,200 Total Countries: 2 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: South Asia Muslim - other People Cluster: South Asia Muslim - other Main Language: Sindhi Main Language: Sindhi Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: 0.00% Evangelicals: 0.00% Chr Adherents: 0.00% Chr Adherents: 0.00% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Complete Bible www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Ahmadi in Pakistan Ansari in Pakistan Population: 76,000 Population: 4,032,000 World Popl: 151,500 World Popl: 14,792,500 Total Countries: 3 Total Countries: 6 People Cluster: South Asia Muslim - other People Cluster: South Asia Muslim - Ansari Main Language: Punjabi, Western Main Language: Urdu Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: 0.00% Evangelicals: 0.00% Chr Adherents: 0.00% Chr Adherents: 0.00% Scripture: New Testament Scripture: Complete Bible www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Asma Mirza Source: Biswarup Ganguly "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Arab in Pakistan Arain (Muslim traditions) in Pakistan Population: -
Master of Pliilosopiiy Islamic Studies
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SUHRA WARDI ORDER IN KASHMIR Dissertation SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF TliE DEGREE OF Master of Pliilosopiiy Pi t Of <f. ff Islamic Studies V V- 9i KS*^ '.' MOHAMMAD IRFAN SHAH UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. SAYYID AHSAN ,lK^^ot^ DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES X^ ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH, INDIA 2014 0^ ^ .J J v^^ 01 JAN 20;A-t,' 5 DS4401 Phones: Ext. 0571-2701131 Int. 1365, 1366 Fax : 0571-2700528 Email : [email protected] DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY CHAIRMAN ALIGARH-202002, U.P., INDIA 03/11/2014 To WHOM IT MAY CONCERN This is to certify tiiat Dissertation entitled "Historical Development of Suhrawardi Order in Kashmir" is the own work of Mr. Mohd Irfan Shah working under my supervision. Further certified that the work is fit for submission to be evaluated for the award of the degree of M.Phil. (Islamic Studies). (Prof. Sayyid Ahsan) Chairman & Supervisor -J^rom tfie Core of My ^eart- ^ea^ca^^eafK^o^ My (Late) (grand Tarents & 'BeCovedTarents <Pa0e !Nb. Dedication A.cknowledgemeiits u-vi Transliteration Table Introdnction 01-23 Chapter 1: Emergence of Islam in Kashmir: Religions, Political and Cultural Perspective 24-64 Chapter 2: Origin of Suhmwardf Order and Its Development , ^ ,, ^ . „ - . 65-112 mKashnur Chapter 3: Makhdum Shaykh Hamzah: ' 113-170 Pioneer of Suhrawardt Order in Kashmir Conclusions ^_^ ^_, 171-174 BibUography ^^^_^^^ "AcknowiedgmBntS" Allah Almighty says, "And those who strive in Our (cause) We will certainly guide them to Our paths: for verily Allah is with those who do right" (Holy Qur'ah, Al- Ankabut, 29:69}.