2016 Annual Report 02 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Table of Highlights Contents

03 About ECI The European Copper Institute (ECI) and its network of national associations in Europe, collectively part of the Copper AllianceTM, bring together the copper industry to 04 Chairman’s Message develop markets for copper, ensure fair market access for copper products and support the copper industry’s 06 Chief Executive’s Message license to operate. This report presents our association’s main activities 08 Funding in 2016 and describes, where appropriate, how they fit into the European legislative agenda. Key 2016 items 09 The Copper Industry included advocacy efforts towards the new “Clean Energy for All” package, copper sector technical inputs into in Europe the development of the post 2020 Emissions Trading System (ETS), plus the provision of significant scientific and socio-economic data into multiple chemicals 10 Supporting the Copper management issues, including REACH. Industry’s Licence As part of our commitment to transparency, ECI has to Operate been listed in the EU Transparency Register since 2009. Each year we publish the funding from our member 12 The Benefits of Using companies and project partners and present openly our key strategic partnerships. Copper ECI is relatively unique in the Brussels landscape, since its members also provide a mandate to help grow and 13 Sustainable Energy defend copper and copper alloy markets across the EU. Through integrated marketing communications, 16 Heat Exchange Systems intelligence and technical support, in the key areas of Sustainable Energy, Building Construction, Heat Exchange 17 Building Construction Systems and Transportation, we engage with many downstream industry value chains that rely on copper 18 Antimicrobial Copper for their business growth and future innovations.

20 Communications If you are interested to learn more, please visit www.copperalliance.eu 22 Technical and Market Support

23 ECI and the Copper Alliance across Europe European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 03

The European Copper Institute (ECI), headquartered in Brussels since 1998, represents the copper industry About ECI in Europe.

A Copper Alliance™ Member

The Copper Alliance is a global platform whose mission is to bring together the global copper industry to develop and defend markets for copper and to make a positive contribution to society’s sustainable development goals.

Professional Network Finland

United Kingdom Years in Brussels, European Offices 18 maintaining industry’s 10 Belgium/EU Poland Germany market access and licence to operate France Hungary

Employees from various Annual European Italy 38 disciplines 10M€ budget Spain Greece

Direct employees in the Value Chain Companies 28 45,000 European copper industry Representation

Leading manufacturers Downstream companies Producers of copper of semi-fabricated exploiting innovative copper products copper-based products and technologies

What We Do Provide valuable technical Lead industry efforts support and advice to the in human health and copper value chain environmental science

Manage the REACH Copper Demonstrate the benefits Ensure copper’s fair Consortium to maximise of leading edge copper position in codes and industry’s efficiency and technologies to end-use standards at national cost-effective compliance sectors and EU levels with the regulation 04 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

“All these external factors impacting the copper industry underline the active role ECI has to play in ensuring license to operate and fair market access are maintained or, even better, improved.“ European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 05

Chairman’s Message In this context, the upcoming revision of the CO2 Emissions Trading Scheme should integrate the price- taker characteristics of the copper sector and provide full compensation for both direct and indirect emissions. Copper – a Occupational Exposure Limits, also being reviewed in Europe, have to be based on solid and extensive scientific evidence combined with pragmatic risk assessment Solid Industry methodology. Furthermore, the harmonised classification of copper-containing products needs to be strictly limited to the very few presenting potential concerns to health Moving Ahead or the environment, without unnecessarily burdening the vast majority of harmless copper uses through inadequate in a World of substance categorisation. Regulatory challenges are also appearing on a global scale, with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Change requiring corrosion tests on bulk materials transported by sea, which applies to sizeable quantities of copper ore and concentrates. The suitability of the current tests required by IMO calls for further scientific analysis, The world of commodities, to which copper belongs, is an under the stewardship of the International Council for ever-shifting landscape of increasingly fast-paced change. Mining and Metals (ICMM), with active support from After a sluggish 2015, slight improvements in global the Copper Alliance. economic conditions led to the International Copper Study 1 Group estimating the global apparent usage of refined Another upcoming trend affecting the copper industry is copper at 23.5 million tonnes by the end of 2016—a 2.1% rising concern about responsible sourcing, led by the OECD. increase versus 2015. In the EU, this indicator also showed As a consequence of increased focus on conflict minerals, a 1.5% increase during 2016, reaching 3.3 million tonnes. new guidelines for due diligence on the part of suppliers are being prepared, emphasising respect of human rights Global refined copper production increased by 3% in 2016, and protection of the environment. ICMM and the Copper driven by Asian demand and new mining capacities opened Alliance are actively taking part in consultations with the in Latin America. Year-end inventory on the main metal OECD, to ensure pragmatism leads in the definition of these exchanges (excluding China) went up by 12% to peak at new guidelines. 540,000 tons, or 1.2 weeks of end-use demand. All these external factors impacting the copper industry The decline of copper prices observed in 2015 continued underline the active role ECI has to play in ensuring license into 2016, with an annual average London Metal Exchange to operate and fair market access are maintained or, even price of 4,863 USD/tonne, showing a further 11.5% drop better, improved. I wish to take this opportunity to thank all compared with the 2015 average. This trend reversed in the of ECI’s member companies, ECI staff and the International last quarter of 2016, with end-year prices already reaching Copper Association for their continuous contributions to 5,659 USD/tonne. pursuing this objective.

Beyond working in a competitive and globalising market, European copper producers and fabricators also face a continuously growing regulatory environment, driven by EU initiatives to improve protection of health and the Gonzalo Cuadra environment, and to address climate change challenges. Chairman While the industry certainly recognises the fundamental European Copper Institute need to build a healthier and more sustainable world, in line with UN Sustainable Development Goals, it also advocates a balanced approach by regulators, to ensure the competitiveness of the European industry is maintained in the world marketplace.

1 The International Copper Study Group (ICSG) is an inter-governmental organisation, based in Lisbon, which publishes copper production and demand statistics. Visit www.iscg.org for more details. 06 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Chief Executive’s Message and sustainable development, so as to make constructive input into the definition of EU policies and promote the competitiveness of the European copper sector within the European economic space. As an example, the Clean Energy Copper – a Package published by the EU Commission in November 2016 constitutes a major item on ECI’s agenda for 2017.

Bright Future in Promoting the European copper industry is not only a matter of data, science and analysis—we need to ensure the voice of copper reaches the right stakeholders at the Europe with the right time. For this reason, in 2016 ECI jointly decided with the International Copper Association to increase its efforts in public affairs, actively developing skills in advocacy and Support of ECI strategic communications.

To achieve success in ECI’s mission, continuous and efficient interaction between member companies and ECI One of the most ancient metals used by mankind, copper staff is crucial, so that the right priorities are set on issues still plays a leading role in society today. Its superior to be addressed. Building a strong network of partnerships electrical and thermal conductivity makes it a key material is the second key factor of success, since it enables us in power and heat distribution, in transport and in buildings. to capture synergies and increase our share of voice. So it is that more than 70% of copper use is in energy To this end, alongside being part of the International applications which generate, distribute or consume Copper Association, ECI is an active member of Eurometaux, electricity, such as wind turbines, wires and cables, the Electromobility Platform, the International Federation electrical motors and HVAC (heating, ventilation and air for Safety of Electricity Users, the Renewable Heating conditioning) systems. and Cooling Technology Platform and numerous other federations. As the EU actively pursues major sustainability themes such as energy and resource efficiency, reduction of Focus, expertise and agility are the three drivers that carbon emissions, increased share of renewables in power will guide ECI’s activity in 2017 and beyond, with the goal generation and a 20% target contribution of industrial of maximising the value it brings the European copper activity to GDP, the copper industry can definitely play industry and the broader Copper Alliance. a significant role in the realisation of these objectives. What could appear to be a threat in the form of increased I sincerely thank all our member companies, our partners regulations, norms and standards can actually be and the ECI team for their continued commitment to transformed into a broad spectrum of opportunities for building a bright future for the European copper industry. copper producers and fabricators: electrical vehicles, building energy management and high efficiency cables, to name a few.

This is where ECI enters the stage, ensuring copper is the Bernard Respaut material of choice in solutions developed to address these Chief Executive sustainability challenges, while safeguarding the industry’s European Copper Institute license to operate and fair access to markets.

To fulfil this role, ECI initiates and manages a full range of market development programs that capture growth opportunities with a commercially-neutral approach based on solid data, reliable science and sound economic analysis. Such expertise is complemented by technical and marketing support to member companies.

ECI’s second playing field relates to building a balanced and qualified opinion in the domains of health, environment European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 07

“Focus, expertise and agility are the three drivers that will guide ECI’s activity in 2017 and beyond.” 08 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

ICA European 2016 Funding Strategic Total Funding Industry Initative Funding

Building $1.800 $800 $2.600 ECI, plus its network of national Copper Alliance partners, Construction Non-Electrical operated with a 2016 budget of €10 million ($11.5 million) (BCNE) to develop and carry out promotional and regulatory Wire and Cable $1.700 $100 $1.800 affairs activities. (W&C) Energy Policies $1.400 $100 $1.500 and Effi ciency While the International Copper Association, representing Standards the world’s leading mining companies, independent (EPES) smelter/refi ners (metal producers) and semi-fabricated Heat Exchange $700 $0 $700 product manufacturers, provided 80% of this budget, Systems (HXS) Health, $800 $500 $1.300 European member staff devoted signifi cant time and Environment, contributed much-needed value chain intelligence into and Sustainable program design, regulatory issue management and Development Technical and $1.100 $500 $1.600 national authority advocacy. Market Support Communications $1.000 $100 $1.100 Over 100 partners, including the United Nations, national Governance and $700 $200 $900 energy agencies, academic institutions, consultancies and Administration industrial companies, continue to provide strong support for ECI’s Leonardo ENERGY program, which broadly promotes the sustainable generation, distribution and use Grand Total $9.200 $2.300 $11.500 of electrical energy. ($000)

Copper Alliance Members Operating in Europe in 2016

Member companies listed here are those that have assets or operations, employ people and pay taxes within the EU. They include members of the International Copper Association. For the full list of members of the International Copper Association, please visit www.copperalliance.org.

EUROPE European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 09

The Copper Industry in Europe

Keeping a Comprehensive Value Board of Directors Chain Approach (at December 31st, 2016)

ECI’s members include the EU’s top six copper producers, Gonzalo Cuadra (Codelco Services) - Chairman Europe’s leading manufacturers of semi-fabricated copper Oriol Guixà (La Farga) – Vice Chairman products, and downstream companies which exploit copper’s Joel Adams (Glencore) performance in multiple end-use applications. The front Stefan Boel (Aurubis) end of the copper value chain, which employs around Augenija Di Bucci (BHP Billiton) 45,000 persons, is made up of three very distinct sectors: Jürgen Geise (Diehl Metall) Jussi Helavirta (Luvata) • Mining companies who extract naturally occurring Sven Hjelmstedt (Boliden) ores and convert them into concentrates, which are Krzysztof Kaczmarczyk (KGHM) composed of roughly equal quantities of copper, plus Evangelos Moustakas (Halcor) sulphur and iron containing materials. Italo Romano (KME Group) • Copper producers, usually referred to as smelters Javier Targhetta (Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold) and refiners, who convert concentrates, imported Werner Traa (Wieland-Werke) intermediate materials and end-of-life scrap into copper metal (cathodes). • Semi-fabricators then convert this metal, along with clean scrap, into products, such as wire-rod, tubes, sheet and strip, that are used and drive innovation down the value chain.

EU Supply Sources

In order to supply the copper required to produce the annual demand for semi-fabricated products of around 3.3 million tonnes, the EU copper industry obtains its raw materials from four sources:

25% Value chain and end-of-life scrap from within the EU 43% Imports of concentrates 25% 43% Mining operations within the EU 20% Metal imports 12% 20%

12% 10 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

ECI Sets Industry Science Plan to Actively Tackle Copper Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) Supporting Occupational exposure to metals is commonplace in a variety of industrial settings and it is imperative that exposures are regularly controlled to contain the risks of adverse health effects in workers. To this end, Occupational the Copper Exposure Limits (OELs) have been established for copper and copper compounds within EU member states. Values for these OELs are currently set at 1 mg/m3 of Industry’s copper for dusts and mists and at 0.1-0.2 mg/m3 for fumes, as average exposure values measured on an 8-hour work shift. Most recently this matter has been under review and License to led to recommendations by the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK-Commission) and by the European Operate Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL) to reduce OELs to 0.01 mg/m3 of respirable copper. This would place copper and copper compounds under more To support the copper’s industry stringent conditions than some fibrogenic and carcinogenic particulates. Furthermore, in early 2016, the German Federal license to operate, as well as Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, inspired by the to secure fair market access MAK and SCOEL recommendations, introduced additional assessment factors and considered an even lower OEL for for its products, ECI researches respirable copper. and advocates on a range of While significant challenges remain in setting an issues mainly related to Health, Occupational Exposure Limit for copper, the core issue Environment and Sustainable in this matter relates to a scientific controversy on the interpretation of the results of a 28-day rat inhalation study: Development (HESD). This section are the observed changes adverse or adaptive in nature? presents the main topics on the Industry experts raised serious concerns on the adequacy of the selected point of reference taken by this study to HESD agenda of ECI in 2016. measure the effects of exposure to copper. These experts underlined the apparent discrepancy between the calculated OEL of 0.01 mg/m3 (respirable copper) and the absence of observed health effects in German facilities. This led the German health authorities to postpone the setting of the OEL until this controversy is settled.

The need for a sound evidence base prior to modifying the copper OELs has led ECI and the Copper Compound Consortium (CCC) to establish a new expert peer review panel. The purpose of this independent scientific panel is to review the information that led to the OEL values proposed by SCOEL and by the MAK-Commission and to identify the need for further research to allow the definition of a more balanced OEL value for copper, with such indicative value to then be finally incorporated into the Chemical Agents at Work Directive 98/24/EC. The first meeting of this scientific panel occurred in December 2016 and led to the definition of an industry science research plan that will generate a fact-based recommendation for a realistic workplace exposure limit. European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 11

Product Environmental Footprint Category Sweden, will have an impact on copper’s national water Rules Successfully Submitted to the status classification. The guidance will confirm generic European Commission dissolved guideline values for copper in fresh waters - 2.4 µg/l for streams and 3.3 µg/l for lakes - which will ECI continued its efforts in 2016 to finalise the Product be used when water qualities are out of the validation Environmental Footprint (PEF) pilots for copper tube and range of the Bio Ligand Model (BLM), a tool that the sheet, ensuring a fair treatment of copper in the PEF industry developed to assess metal bio-availability. A fact methodology. The project technical secretariat included sheet on copper is in the pipeline and industry has been comments from the stakeholders’ public consultation into requested to contribute by submitting water monitoring the final draft of the Product Environmental Footprint data from pristine areas and calculated bioavailable copper Category Rules and ECI submitted this document to the background values for Sweden. European Commission at the end of 2016. Through this process, ECI convinced the European Commission to modify ETS Reform in Full Swing the methodology to better incorporate end-of-life (i.e. recyclability) aspects in the assessment of the environmental Back in July 2015, the European Commission submitted a footprint of specific products. Hence the PEF study for both proposal to reform the CO2 Emission Trading Scheme for the pilots is currently being reviewed, with a final decision on post 2020 period. The legislative review process of this PEF Category Rules expected in mid-2017. ECI will further proposal by the European Parliament and Council entered develop advocacy initiatives to ensure that these rules allow its peak phase in 2016. ECI and its members fully engaged for a fair comparison among products within the scope in the Eurometaux advocacy campaign aimed at getting the of the PEF, so as to bring further evidence of the positive sector’s priorities and specificities tabled in the Parliament’s contribution of copper to the circular economy. review Committees. The copper industry requested full and predictable compensation for indirect costs, plus automatic Water Framework Directive – Prioritisation recognition that globally priced industries (e.g. LME based and Implementation at National Level commodities such as copper) are at risk of carbon leakage. The stricter CO2 cap proposed by the European Commission The Water Framework Directive aims to protect EU surface from 2020 onwards, together with a decreased level of water qualities in Europe. During a recent review by the compensation for indirect costs, will seriously impact the Commission, through its Joint Research Centre (JRC), of the competitiveness of the sector’s best performers within list of priority substances affecting water quality, copper energy-intensive industries. Hence ECI will maintain its was flagged as one of the highest substances of concern, efforts, together with its members and Eurometaux, to bring an assessment likely to lead to further investigations. enough visibility in the ETS discussions to the price-taker ECI submitted comments on inconsistencies in the database nature of the industry, together with the potential damage and on issues in the methodology used by the JRC (among the current EU proposal could cause to resource efficiency others, no consideration of bio-availability and background and recycling. levels). ECI also presented the summary results of a compliance check that includes bio-availability, demonstrating Katrien Delbeke Retires after Guiding that in eight EU regions under study, more than 95% of the Health, Environment & Sustainable the copper contained in surface water poses no risk to the Development Program for 18 Years aquatic environment. A major success was achieved in 2016, concluding a five-year effort by the industry, when the river At the end of 2016, the European Copper Institute bade Rhine commission, with active experts from the Netherlands, farewell to Dr. Katrien Delbeke, ECI’s HESD Director, who France, Germany and ECI, agreed to step-wise implement retired after leading the industry’s Health & Environment the bio-availability concept for assessing water quality research program for more than 18 years. Katrien’s key role compliance at river Rhine monitoring stations. during the Copper Voluntary Risk Assessment resulted in the most authoritative and scientific repository of copper’s Furthermore, the Scandinavian Copper Development impact on human health and the environment. Through her Association (SCDA) provided assistance to the Swedish transparent and constructive approach, Katrien was able to Water Authority in determining Natural Background Values build strong relationships with the European Commission, for Water Status Classification. The participation in a national the European Chemical Agency (ECHA), many member states water co-operation meeting between industry represen- and key scientific academia. Following Katrien’s retirement, tatives and water authorities in Sweden allowed the SCDA Katia Lacasse, formerly Regulatory Affairs & REACH manager to draw attention to the assessment guidelines document, at ECI, has taken over the leadership of the HESD activities which will be published in the near future. These guidelines, as of October 1, 2016. March 2016 saw Dr. Stijn Baken, an designed to define a bio-availability concept for metals in environmental toxicologist, joining the Brussels HESD team. 12 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

The Benefits of Using Copper

Partnering with the EU’s Downstream Used for its superior electrical and thermal conductivities, Industries its ability to be alloyed with other metals in order to enhance performance, plus its durability and strong The EU copper industry employs 45,000 people and had recycling credentials, copper is an important enabler for an estimated turnover, which is highly dependent on global innovation in sectors including renewable energies, energy efficiency, sustainable buildings, transport systems metal prices, of about €45 billion in 2015. However, what is far more important is the breadth of industrial and and healthcare. service sector employment that is based on the added value achieved through the use of copper products (e.g. energy This chapter provides an overview of ECI’s main activities utilities, electricians, automotive companies, electronic to sustain and grow demand by promoting the benefits of equipment manufacturers, plumbers and roofers). using copper and copper alloys across the EU. These “downstream” sectors represent a very substantial part of the EU’s industrial base.

Use of Refined Copper, by Sector, within EU 28 (Source: IWCC / ICA, 2015):

Building Construction 35.1% 25.7% 35.1% Other Equipment 25.7% Industrial 14.7% Transport 14.5% 14.7% Infrastructure 10.0% 10.0% 14.5% European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 13

Sustainable Energy renewable energy infrastructure might look like in the year 2050 (the “21st Century Energy Infrastructure”). Although there are some differences in the power generation profile between the two simulations, the conclusion for copper Demonstrating is clear: using these scenarios, ECI has calculated that the 21st Century Energy Infrastructure will require 16 to 18 million tonnes of copper in addition to the currently that Copper installed base of 50 million tonnes in the electricity system. A key reason for this significant additional need is the much higher copper intensity in renewable systems compared is “The Metal with conventional generation sources – e.g. offshore wind requires 10 times the amount of copper per MWh produced of the Energy than does conventional energy. In addition to this increasing use of copper in power generation, end use applications are also becoming Transition” increasingly copper intensive - electromobility, home automation, heat pump technologies to name but three, require higher quantities of copper per unit. Of these applications, electromobility shows the biggest potential in Europe, representing about 8 million tonnes of additional The transition to greater energy efficiency and to a copper demand by 2050: to build high copper containing higher share of renewables in the energy mix are among electric vehicles (a battery-driven electric vehicle has about the key challenges for Europe in the coming decades. twice the copper content of a standard combustion vehicle, The European Union is leading the way in energy adding about 30 kg of new copper demand per unit) as well sustainability and ECI has taken a prominent role in this as for installing the required charging infrastructure. sphere through the Leonardo Energy initiative, a platform that advocates for copper solutions to facilitate this Meeting this increased demand for copper will not energy transition. Leonardo Energy brings strong evidence constitute an issue, according to the U.S. Geological Survey to regulators that copper is “the metal of the energy (USGS): in 2014, they estimated the worldwide copper transition”: copper is unavoidable in the shift from reserves to amount to 690 million tonnes, while copper low-efficiency and conventional power generation to resources are estimated to exceed 5,000 million tonnes, efficient energy consumption, and in developing renewable to be compared to an annual primary copper production energy sources. of around 18.7 million tonnes. Besides, the USGS numbers do not include vast copper deposits found in deep sea Through this platform, numerous activities have been nodules and submarine massive sulphides. initiated by ECI to support the copper industry in capturing this significant market opportunity.

21st Century Energy Infrastructure Will Require 16-18 Million Tonnes of Copper

To address stakeholders’ concern about copper availability, two representative energy transition scenarios have been reviewed by ECI – one developed by the European Union, one by Greenpeace. Both describe what a nearly 100% 14 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Sustainable Energy Ensuring Reliable and Efficient Transmission of Electricity from Production to End-use

An important component in energy efficiency pertains Developing to the transmission of power to final consumers through electricity grids. This is where power transformers, overhead Solutions for lines and cables come into play. To promote reliable and efficient transmission and distribution of electricity from production to end-use, the Energy ECI recommends that transformer stations are designed in an energy-efficient way and works to develop standards and regulations for cable sizing. ECI’s work on power Transition grids also includes the development of new technologies, such as copper overhead lines that can be used either for increasing capacity in congested corridors or for reducing in Europe transmission losses. Such transmission lines can be very performant in harsh weather conditions. Last but not least, they provide a great solution for the circular economy since, at the end of its life, the copper conductor can easily be recycled into a new conductor.

Once power reaches its final users, the latter need to Although the European regulations to promote energy be able to use electricity in a safe, reliable and efficient efficiency and renewables constitute a needed starting manner and this is again where copper comes in. point, effective implementation of such policies is equally In this area, the pivotal field of action for ECI pertains important for optimising copper use. Therefore, ECI is to electrical installations in buildings, a major end-use active in technical standardisation, develops application market for copper. ECI actively promotes the development notes where standards are missing and helps introduce of standards on energy efficiency and on smartness of new technologies where copper can support innovation. electrical installations, on earthing practices, on wiring The standardisation work focuses on the working principles configurations, on fire cable sizing and other safety services of the International Electrotechnical Commission and hence in buildings. is globally relevant. Close coordination on this front occurs with our Copper Alliance colleagues in other regions, As far as industrial end-users are concerned, most of the to ensure a common copper view. electricity is consumed to drive motor systems, a major user of copper. ECI contributes to the definition of efficiency An area of focus in standardisation concerns photovoltaic classes for rotating machines and of test protocols to (PV) power plants. Together with wind energy, this market measure this efficiency, as both factors directly affect the represents a new demand for copper of 20 tonnes per use of copper in industrial electric motors. hour. Typically, these are outdoor installations subject to severe weather conditions and hence reliability and lifetime performance are important – two criteria that copper The Energy Transition is in Progress and definitely fulfils. ECI ensures that copper plays its role here, Irreversible for example in power collection from the vast PV farms that are currently being installed. The question with Energy Transition is not how far but how fast we will move on this route. No doubt this transition will But energy efficiency does not stop with efficient com- present challenges which will require creative thinking and ponents. It is important that systems are being designed, pragmatic solutions. Through alliance building, advocacy, installed, commissioned and operated with energy standardisation, market intelligence and innovation, ECI is efficiency in mind. This is where energy management comes ready to guide its members through a transition which will in. Through its partnerships with the Sector Forum for be as positive for the copper industry as it is for society. Energy Management and the Clean Energy Solution Center, ECI made a significant contribution to the introduction of Of the top three opportunities for copper created by ISO 50001 in Europe. the Energy Transition (electric vehicles, renewables and European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 15

electricity networks), renewables are already developing on a major scale, to the extent that ECI expects power generation to soon become the third most important market for conductivity applications. To build a well- functioning energy system with such vast amounts of variable power generation (wind, solar), fluid market access for demand response and electricity storage capacity are crucial factors of success. This is why ECI focused in 2016 on assisting policy makers in developing a long-term, sustainable vision of how to organise the energy market, putting forward the principles of life cycle costing and “efficiency first”, together with paying specific attention to cost effectiveness and risk containment.

In conclusion, from high-level policy to technical standardisation, ECI develops solutions for the energy transition in Europe, and makes sure that copper plays its part. 16 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Heat Exchange Systems MicroGroove® is an umbrella brand for the promotion of small diameter copper tubes into the heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) market. The MicroGroove® campaign provides insights, manufacturing Creating know-how and technical back up to HVAC&R actors: participation in trade fairs (AHR Expo in Orlando and ACREX in Mumbai), advertising in trade publications, print and bonus Opportunities editorials in mainstream HVAC journals, technical conferences and webinars. Application case studies were promoted in the “In the Spotlight” section of the MicroGroove® Update for Small (MGU) newsletter.

A Viable Technology for Large Commercial- Diameter Copper sized Heat Exchangers

In 2016, MicroGroove® was promoted as a viable technology Tubes through for large commercial-sized heat exchangers based on several new application case studies. Modelling of airside heat transfer around smaller diameter tubes with unprecedented Increased Energy accuracy constituted a key element in this positioning campaign. Thanks to ICA, the Center for Environmental Energy Engineering (CEEE) at the University of Maryland Performance and Optimized Thermal Systems, industry designers can now optimise coil designs with CoilDesigner®, a highly customisable software tool that allows to simulate and Associated optimise the performance of heat exchangers. To further encourage take up by technical decision makers, metho- dological papers were delivered at the Purdue conference on Refrigeration and Air Conditioning and at the ATMOsphere with New America conference in Chicago, leading to a significant awareness raising opportunity for MicroGroove® in the September issue of ACHR News. Throughout the year Refrigerants emphasis was placed on how MicroGroove® tubes facilitate adoption of low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, referencing research from the University of Padova, the University of Tokyo, the University of Marine Science and Technology and Kyushu University, notwithstanding ongoing performance research from Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

New Opportunities for Small Diameter Copper Tubes

Over 150 country delegates met in Kigali (Rwanda) in October 2016 for talks on hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and reached a deal to limit the use of harmful Green House Gases. More than 100 developing countries, including China, will start taking action by 2024 and developed countries, including the United States, agreed to a gradual process beginning in 2019. The Kigali deal is perhaps more significant than the Paris Agreement since it is legally binding as an amendment to the Montreal Protocol. This evolution unlocks opportunities for small diameter copper tubes, through the need for the reduction of refrigerant use and for increased energy performance associated with new refrigerants. European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 17

Building Construction relations, web-based outreach and events. 200 million opportunities to see were delivered through visual images and emotional messages. Whether used in architecture, in interior design, or in gas, heating and water distribution Copper Products systems, copper was seen as long lasting, beautiful and safe – benefits highly relevant for a more sustainable and are Readily comfortable living environment. Activities were carried out by the Copper Alliance’s network in France, Germany, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Available, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK, with supporting activities carried out in Greece and Scandinavia.

Durable and In 2016, ECI published two editions, in both print and on- line formats, of the Copper Architecture Forum magazine. Covering 14 languages, copies were distributed by industry Continue to members and the Copper Alliance network to architects and building professionals throughout Europe, showcasing the growing diversity of innovative designs which make Offer Real Value the most of copper’s incomparable performance capabilities and its sustainability credentials. for Money Continuing to Inspire Architects The 17-language www.copperconcept.org website seeks to inspire architects by featuring the best examples 2016 activity in the European construction market may of international architecture using copper, or its alloys. not have been as buoyant as hoped following the recovery This platform also hosts an online library of past issues curve signposted in 2015. However, building construction of the Copper Architecture Forum magazine, as well as activity remained slightly up on 2015 and pent up demand the Copper in Architecture Awards. References are given from under investment in buildings since 2007 still exists to geographical tags and can be searched for interesting sustain the rise, as flows from other sectors of the economy features including solar shading, award winning green which are recovering are diverted into the building stock. buildings and dynamic facades.

The European construction sector increased 2.3% in Supporting the Industry on Building production (in construction) in the 28 Member States in Regulations February 2016 vs February 2015. Among Member States, the highest increases in production (in construction) ECI continues to plays a key role in coordinating were recorded in Slovakia, Spain and Sweden. The largest industry inputs on EU building construction regulatory decreases were found in Slovenia, Hungary and Poland. developments and on technical issues. In 2016, ECI has In France construction SMEs activity grew by 1% in the coordinated the industry’s scientific testing and advocacy first quarter of 2016, breaking a continuous downwards into issues associated with the use of copper and copper cycle since 2012. Central and Eastern European countries’ alloy products in drinking water systems. growth mainly relied on EU funds from the previous programming period. Several partnerships have also been put in place to defend the position of copper in the building industry. ECI is a For a more Sustainable and Comfortable founding member of Metals for Buildings, an alliance Living Environment dedicated to promoting the economic, sustainability and recyclability benefits of metals used in buildings to the Against the resulting market conditions, ECI’s Copper in European institutions. ECI is also a member of the Product the Built Environment campaign highlighted that copper Environmental Footprint technical secretariat for Hot and products are readily available, durable and continue to offer Cold Water Supply pipes led by the European Commission. real value for money. The campaign’s benefit messages Lastly, ECI is an active participant in the working group on targeted private and public building owners, professionals, Buildings Information Modelling (BIM) in the association and influencers, through a range of focussed online media Construction Products Europe. 18 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Antimicrobial Copper Copper alloys provide durable, attractive and recyclable components suiting many different interior applications. With inherent antimicrobial properties, they also offer a useful secondary benefit: reducing microbial contamination Growing and improving hygiene. There is growing evidence for and adoption of antimicrobial copper touch surfaces to improve hygiene, particularly in healthcare facilities as part Evidence Drives of a bundle of infection control measures including hand washing, cleaning and disinfection.

Adoption of Copper’s Role in Fighting Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial Infection control has taken on broader significance, forming a key pillar of the World Health Organization’s Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance to address Copper Touch the threat of dwindling effective antibiotics. Copper can reduce the risk of infections and prevent the transfer of resistance between bacteria that may create new resistant Surfaces to superbugs. Copper Alliance promotes the evidence for copper’s role in helping to tackle antimicrobial resistance, in program materials, conference presentations, Improve on www.antimicrobialcopper.org and via a sustained media campaign.

Hygiene Recognition in Guidelines and Rating Schemes

Copper is being included in infection prevention and control guidance, healthcare accreditation schemes and green, hygienic and ‘well building’ schemes around the world. In Europe, a Polish Government agency (CMJ) recognised copper in its hospital accreditation programme, awarding a higher rating for installations with copper touch surfaces. The Finnish Building Information Foundation issued draft indoor hygiene guidelines, covering all building types and including antimicrobial materials for the three highest hygiene levels. Copper was noted as the most effective and well-known antimicrobial material.

Efficacy Test Standardisation

Emerging guidelines are driving new efficacy test standards as current standards are deemed inappropriate. ECI and the Copper Alliance work to support their development, drawing on the expertise of its clinical and laboratory research network.

Partners

Copper Alliance supports the growing Cu+ supply chain by maintaining the global website, providing technical, marketing and regulatory support and a commercially neutral platform for co-exhibitors at events. European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 19

Events

The Copper Alliance network participated in key national and international events, disseminating the evidence base to decision makers and influencers via presentations and exhibition stands. Some examples follow:

• 4th International Conference on Disaster and Military Medicine, Düsseldorf—High-ranking military medical and public health professionals. • Patient First Conference, London—Senior patient safety representatives from public and private healthcare, Clinical Commissioning Groups. • Salmed International Fair for Medical Equipment and Instruments, Poznan—Healthcare managers, regional health authorities, medical staff. • 1st Med Point Conference, Athens—Healthcare and medical business professionals.

Installations – Beyond Healthcare

Leading Cu+ partners are actively marketing and gaining regular business from copper ranges, achieving installations in and beyond healthcare. Two high visibility projects are the Francis Crick Institute, London, and the Solaris Bus, equipped with antimicrobial copper handrails and awarded Bus of the Year.

Media Campaign

A media campaign promoting program and market developments reached an audience of 200 million, raising awareness among decision makers and the general public of copper’s antimicrobial properties. Highlights include research on copper and MRSA—picked up by the BBC and leading websites such as Medical News Today and Science Newsline—and the Solaris Bus, reaching a new market sector. Articles appeared in European titles including ICU Management and Health Business as well as many national titles.

Global Information Portal

The multilingual website has been updated and strengthened with messages relating to antimicrobial resistance, receiving 145,000 page views in the year. 20 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Communications

New Campaign Unveils the Role Copper Plays Under the hashtag #gocopper, the campaign kicked off in When Things Get Tough 2016 and was updated every month with a new case study.

Copper has been interwoven with the story of humanity’s Discover the case studies of the campaign at progress for centuries. Essential to modern living, it www.copperalliance.eu/tough and let us know what you delivers electricity and clean water into our homes and think about it through our Facebook page. cities, and makes an important contribution to sustainable development. More than that, it is essential to life itself. “When the going gets tough, Copper’s unique properties also make it the material of choice for many professions seeking to create solutions copper gets going …” for applications in extreme environments.

In a new campaign “When the going gets tough, copper gets going …”, designed for a public curious to understand the secrets behind the innovations required to operate successfully in such environments, ECI has selected a series of case studies unveiling the roles that copper plays when things get tough.

Launch of Free Science Education Resources an in-depth exploration of copper and electricity and a look at copper in wind power. Copper Development Association in the UK has launched a collection of free education resources spanning Biology, Each resource includes questions to test understanding Chemistry and Physics. Divided into content for ages 11–14, and many offer classroom or homework activities. 14–16 and 16–18, the resources have been developed in Some extension materials are also included. To access conjunction with, and reviewed by teachers for the national the resources, and download section as PDF bundles, curriculum. They are available online and as printable PDF visit www.copperalliance.org.uk/resources. downloads for offline use.

Based around copper, the resources include general topics introducing the metal’s properties and applications – including coinage and sculpture – its historical roles and its modern recycling and long-term availability.

Biology resources cover copper as an essential trace element, with a focus on haemocyanin, its uses in the human body, copper alloys in aquaculture and the metal’s inherent antimicrobial properties that are being harnessed to combat the spread of infection in hospitals, schools and public spaces. Chemistry resources address copper mining and extraction (sulphide and oxide ores) and copper’s reactivity. Physics resources include electromagnets, electric motors, density and resistivity of copper, European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 21

01 02 03 When the going gets tough, When the going gets tough, When the going gets tough,

copper gets going copper gets going copper gets going

#gocopper #gocopper #gocopper

Photo credit: G. Tiraboschi Photo credit: CDAA, Advance Africa and the operator of the site, Mozambezi Photo credit: LaFarga

The Capanna Osservatorio Regina Margherita – Monte Rosa, Italy Copper fish cage, Mozambezi Tilapia Farm – Cahora Bassa, Mozambique Micro-alloyed copper overhead lines withstand severe ice storms – El Teniente Copper Mine, The Andes, Chile

copper Going to the peak copper Going on the attack copper Going to the outer limits Copper has literally reached new heights – 4,554 metres to be exact! That’s the altitude Imagine a crocodile viciously attacking a cage: not a scene from a horror movie, but a The Chilean Andes – known for their extreme weather and desolation – is a place for gets going of the Capanna Osservatorio Regina Margherita, or Queen Margherita Observatory gets going daily reality for the Mozambezi Tilapia Farm in Mozambique. How can they protect the gets going die-hard adventurers, hardened locals… and copper. In August 2015, micro-alloyed to the summit and Hut, making it officially the highest building in Europe. This unique copper-clad to stand up fish in their cages from predators? Somewhat surprisingly, with copper! to take on copper overhead lines were installed in the Andes mountains, and have proven that structure is perched on Punta Gnifetti, one of the peaks of the Monte Rosa Massif in this extreme location is a perfect match for their ultra-tough capabilities. of Europe the Italian Alps. to predator Going up against predators the icy Andes The fish farm had a major problem with predator attacks from crocodiles and otters. Going to icy extremes Going to the extreme attacks The usual solution was to install additional predator nets to protect the holding nets challenge These overhead lines, critical to the country’s high-altitude mining operations, must The Capanna Low oxygen, extreme cold, wind and weather are commonplace at altitudes above from damage. The holding nets were prone to intense biofouling, affecting the health withstand four to six ice storms each winter. Excessive ice on the lines can lead to a 4,000 metres. However, this shelter, clad with 5.5 tonnes of copper sheet, has got it of fish and their mortality. The nets also had to be cleaned weekly after first removing shutdown (due to conductor clashing or arc flash). When a major snowstorm swept Osservatorio covered: the copper exterior acts as a giant Faraday cage, which insulates and protects Copper fish the fish – stress inducing for the fish and their two-legged care-providers alike. Copper across the region in October 2015, the new copper conductors as well as an existing the interior from lightning and atmospheric phenomena. Tough copper can stand up to conductor were put to the test. The copper lines, on the left, showed far less ice build- Regina these extreme conditions – resisting corrosion and electrical discharges – thus keeping cages in Going for strong copper overhead up and ‘sag’ and no arc flash, compared to the traditional lines. An ice-cold winner! the hut and all inside safe from the elements. Margherita Mozambique Copper alloy aquaculture cages were installed at the fish farm – no additional predator power lines nets were required. The fish are protected from predators and the cages themselves Going high capacity Going the alpine route are resilient against attacks. Additionally, as copper has high resistance to biofouling, in Chile With its smaller cross section and hydrophobic coating, the new micro-alloyed copper Originally constructed in 1893 and rebuilt in 1980, this three-level shelter and the fish are healthier and their mortality rates much lower. Copper is a clear winner, conductor sheds ice more quickly and resists wind load – while boasting a 30% @Go_Copper @Go_Copper scientific research centre can host 70 mountaineers and alpine skiers in summer. no contest. increase in the circuit’s current carrying capacity. Many of copper’s characteristics Requiring an enduring and extremely challenging glacial trek, or Alpine climb, it is @Go_Copper pull together to master the icy and windy elements: higher electrical conductivity, not for beginners or the faint of heart! The hut is also uniquely positioned to conduct Going fierce on crocodiles significantly lower energy losses and corrosion resistance. Plus, its mechanical high-elevation medical research, plus environmental and climate studies. strength eliminates the need for an internal steel core reinforcement. Tough enough to take on crocodiles – copper alloy cages come out on top compared to traditional nets. With its high resistance to corrosion and biofouling and much easier Going 360 degrees maintenance, copper is in its element. Going for top marks With stunning views spanning 360 degrees, the Capanna Osservatorio Regina This shows that, in challenging atmospheric environments, micro-alloyed conductors 03/12 Year 2016 02/12 Year 2016 Margherita is a copper-covered beacon – anchored on a 2,000 metre precipice of rock 01/12 Year 2016 are an excellent alternative to steel reinforced aluminium conductors for high voltage and ice. Not merely a summit to be conquered, but a destination in itself. overhead lines. They came to the Andes, they stood the test of severe ice storms, and came out on top.

04 05 06 When the going gets tough, When the going gets tough, When the going gets tough,

copper gets going copper gets going copper gets going

#gocopper #gocopper #gocopper

Photo credit: NASA

Transnet’s Phelophepa I and II mobile healthcare trains equipped with copper – South Africa Kamaz truck with CuproBraze® radiator – Sahara desert, The Dakar Rally Copper rocket combustion chamber liner made with 3D printing – NASA, USA

copper Going on track for health copper Going rough and rugged copper Going to 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit South Africa’s ‘Miracle Trains’ – Transnet’s Phelophepa I and II – provide healthcare The Dakar Rally is the ultimate off-road rallying event. With rugged terrain, extreme NASA engineers achieved a milestone in rocket manufacturing by 3D printing the gets going to rural communities across the country. These 19-coach, primary healthcare facilities gets going heat and a harsh schedule, the race has been testing the endurance of drivers – and gets going first full-scale, rocket engine part made of copper. The combustion chamber liner must to spread on rails are fitted with Antimicrobial Copper, essentially stopping the spread of germs on extreme their vehicles – since 1978. It doesn’t get rougher than this. Just the place to put destination withstand extreme hot and cold conditions, as inside gas temperatures can soar to over in their tracks, while the trains themselves deliver safer healthcare to millions of copper’s performance to the test. 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Not your everyday copper, this is a copper alloy on a mission. healthcare people. After all, ‘Phelophepa’ means ‘good, clean health’. off-road Red Planet Going the distance Going to revolutionise rocket building to rural areas Going to deliver local access conditions The 2-week event challenges over 300 drivers on a 9,400 km trek from Paris, France, Copper is extremely good at conducting heat, making it an ideal material for lining a The trains function as one-stop health facilities, bringing much needed care, medication through Spain and the Sahara Desert, ending in Dakar, Senegal. Only true off-road NASA’s first combustion chamber. It took over 10 days for the part - made from a special copper and education outreach to rural areas that don’t have local access to healthcare. vehicles (cars, motorbikes and trucks) can take the heat: crossing dunes, mud and alloy created by NASA scientists - to have 8,255 layers of copper powder fused into its South Africa’s Travelling 36 weeks a year, the trains serve over 300,000 people annually. Copper is Kamaz truck rocky surfaces, and covering distances up to 900 km a day. The route varies year by 3D-printed 200 intricate cooling channels by a laser machine. This groundbreaking manufacturing one of the key infection control initiatives to the project – spreading good health year and, since 2009, the rally has taken place in South America. process will guide future 3D-printed rocket engines – to space and beyond. ‘Miracle Trains’ whilst helping to prevent the spread of infection. at Dakar Rally copper rocket Going for high performance copper heat exchangers engine part Going to get fired up Going to harness the power of copper For many years, Kamaz has dominated the truck category in this gruelling race. After the part was manufactured, a nickel super-alloy jacket was deposited onto the @Go_Copper Antimicrobial Copper door handles, table and countertops and cupboard doors are a @Go_Copper The Kamaz truck relies on a Shaaz radiator made from advanced CuproBraze® heat exterior surface. Next, the copper liner was tested under simulated conditions to ensure first-line defence against germs, helping to provide a more hygienic environment for exchanger technology. Its advantages are the strength and reliability of the core, its it could handle the extreme temperatures and pressures inside the rocket engine during @Go_Copper patients and staff. With powerful inherent antimicrobial efficacy, solid copper touch smaller size and higher heat exchange rate compared to aluminium. Copper-alloy heat flight. 3, 2, 1 – copper is ready for blast off. surfaces are proven to reduce the spread of bacteria and viruses. These trains truly exchangers rev up the performance and put vehicles in high gear! harness the germ-killing power of Antimicrobial Copper. Going on future space endeavours Going extreme durability This is not a one-off. The goal is to reduce the time and cost of making rocket parts, Going on a path for healthy communities Copper is right at home in this punishing world of off-road rally racing. A cool and create a repeatable process for manufacturing advanced designs. Such revolutionary Copper makes an important infection control contribution to these unique ‘miracle contender, under the challenging conditions of high temperatures and rough terrain, technologies are bringing NASA closer to a journey to Mars. The red metal is bound for trains’ – protecting the health of millions of people and countless communities across a copper heat exchanger is tough and durable to the extreme. the Red Planet! 04/12 Year04/12 2016 06/12 Year 2016 rural South Africa. 05/12 Year 2016

07 08 09 When the going gets tough, When the going gets tough,

copper gets going copper gets going

#gocopper #gocopper

Photo credit: CERN Photo credit: © Fabianamorosini via Twitter Photo credit: NASA/Chris Gunn

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator – Geneva, Switzerland The monumental bronze statue ‘Flight in mind’ by Olivier Strebelle before the March 22 attacks – Brussels Airport, Zaventem, Belgium Testing of the MIRI thermal shield for the James Webb Space Telescope – NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA

copper Going to explore the nature of matter copper Reopening of the airport departures hall copper Going on a magnified space mission Unlocking the unsolved mysteries of the universe... That’s what the CERN particle After the devastating March 22 terror attacks at Brussels Airport, the departures hall Due to be launched in October 2018, the James Webb Space Telescope will follow up gets going to accelerators aim to achieve. By recreating the conditions right after the Big Bang, gets going was reconstructed and reopened in time for the busy summer season. Those familiar gets going NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope. This new observatory the origin of scientists are studying the building blocks of matter and forces of nature. And right as a symbol with the airport, however, may find that the renovated area looks a little different will feature a larger 6.5-metre diameter mirror – compared to Hubble’s 2.4-metre mirror at the heart of this powerful construction are superconductor strands made of now. The iconic statue ‘Flight in mind’, which greeted millions of travellers over the to observe – making it the most powerful telescope ever built. The expectations for the Webb are the universe high-tech copper-based filaments. of hope and years, has been removed. distant also larger: to shed light on the formation of our own solar system, and even the origins of the universe. Going to collide at the speed of light strength The iconic statue endures galaxies Super- The Large Hadron Collider is the largest science apparatus ever built. Located in a Although it withstood the attacks and remained standing amidst the rubble, the statue Going to use pioneering technologies 27-kilometre tunnel between France and Switzerland at CERN (the European Organisation was scarred by the impact of projectiles used in the bombs. According to airport A collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space conducting for Nuclear Research), the particle accelerators project particle beams to near the ‘Flight in mind’ sources, a decision was made not to fully repair the work of art, in consultation with copper wire Agency, this large infrared telescope features some groundbreaking technologies, speed of light. When the particles collide, the scientific magic happens, giving its creator, Olivier Strebelle. The scars on the robust bronze surface will be left as including 18-segment, ultra-light beryllium mirrors that unfold after takeoff; wire for physicists clues to the formation of the universe. by Olivier a reminder; however, the artist confirmed the statue would otherwise be restored, in thermal hypersensitive cameras and spectrometers that record images undetectable to the cleaned and polished to its original lustre. human eye; and a tennis court sized 5-layer sunshield in order to protect the extremely the CERN Going to the moon and back – 684 times Strebelle shield for delicate equipment from intense heat and light. particle Luvata Group provided the superconducting wire for the dipole and quadrupole at Brussels A monumental piece of art Webb magnets, which steer and speed the light-speed particles around the tunnel to their The monumental sculpture was a popular meeting place in the airport. Depicting a bird Going to keep it cool accelerator collision. It required 2,280 kilometres of superconducting cable, with 36 strands Airport opening its wings, the bronze statue had ornamented the departures hall since 1995. Telescope Copper wires are very important to help control the temperature of the Mid-Infrared per cable and 6,400 filaments per strand. That’s over 525 million kilometres of For centuries, bronze has been the first choice of material for sculptors, due to its ease Instrument under the shield. The equipment has to perform in the extreme cold of outer superconducting filament delivered to exact specifications – equalling 684 return trips of casting, strength, corrosion resistance and attractive surface patina. In addition space, and must be kept at temperatures under −250 °C to avoid being overwhelmed @Go_Copper to the Moon! @Go_Copper to the statue ‘Flight in mind’, renowned Belgian sculptor Olivier Strebelle has created by its own infrared radiation. And it’s the telescope’s infrared capabilities that can more than 300 contemporary works - many in bronze - located in public settings @Go_Copper potentially observe the dim glow of the very first galaxies. Going beyond the boundaries of science #GOCOPPER around the world and in private collections. CERN and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) continue to search for answers to unsolved Going back to the Big Bang questions of the cosmos. The next discovery of rare physics phenomena might just be In commemoration For the next decade, astronomers all over the world will get a glimpse of never-before 09/12 Year 2016 08/12 Year 2016 07/12 Year 2016 powered by LHC’s copper niobium-titanium wires. At a later point in time, the statue will likely take a new position at the airport, as a seen images of far-away planets, stars and solar systems – a window all the way back to memorial to the victims - and as a symbol of strength, recovery and hope. the Big Bang. And copper will have played its part in understanding our cosmic history! 22 European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report

Technical and Market Support Twofold Approach

Technical Support to industries as diverse as the makers Supporting of equipment for renewable energies to automotive OEMs and their suppliers or healthcare equipment manufacturers helps these companies make optimal use of the outstanding combination of conductivity and mechanical properties of Industries in copper and copper alloys.

Over the past six years the Copper Alliance in Germany Optimising (Deutsches KupferInstitut - DKI) has built a growing network of industrial customers for such services and broadened its internal and external equipment resources Products by and competences to serve such needs. This includes leading edge equipment for compositional and structural investigations of components. Optimisation of products, Using Copper enhancement of efficiency of manufacturing processes and prevention of equipment failure are the core tasks commissioned with DKI. Beyond this hands-on support for and Copper specific issues, a general professional formation around properties, processing and usage of copper and copper alloys is covered by more than 12 public seminars organised Alloys annually in Germany and by in-house seminars provided to individual companies in English, French and German. A toolbox of available topics enables customers to draft their own in-house seminar schedule according to their needs. These are increasingly commissioned by companies in various European countries. Regular scientific symposia are organised covering material sciences, energy efficiency applications and material usage.

Market Development Projects are run by ECI across Europe, leveraging local expertise among others in Poland, UK and Germany and covering such diverse topics as energy efficiency, maritime applications and antimicrobial hardware. These projects promote the use of copper’s excellent conductivity in all kinds of electric and electronic applications, its outstanding corrosion resistance for offshore windfarms or oil and gas exploitation and its inherent antimicrobial properties for reducing microbial contamination and improving hygiene in healthcare environments and beyond. European Copper Institute - 2016 Annual Report 23

ECI and the Copper Alliance across Europe

European Management Team 2016 Through our offices in Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom, some of which have over eighty years of John Schonenberger* experience in advocating the many uses of copper, Chief Executive we employ thirty-eight professionals from many different [email protected] disciplines. The value of our services to our members, the market and society is built upon the skills, expertise Hans De Keulenaer and cultural diversity of these people. Program Director, Sustainable Energy [email protected]

Nigel Cotton Program Director, Building Construction & Heat Exchange Systems [email protected]

Katrien Delbeke** Program Director, Health, Environment and Sustainable Development [email protected] Finland

Katia Lacasse Manager, REACH and Regulatory Affairs nited [email protected] ingdom Irina Dumitrescu Program Manager, e/ Poland Communications and Public Affairs ermany [email protected]

France Angela Vessey ungary Program Manager,

Antimicrobial Copper Italy [email protected]

Spain reece Anton Klassert Program Manager, Technical & Market Support [email protected]

* Retired in December 2016. Bernard Respaut appointed new Chief Executive as of January 1st, 2017 **Retired in December 2016. Katia Lacasse appointed HESD Program Director as of October 1st, 2016 European Copper Institute EU Transparency Register: Avenue de Tervueren 168, b-10 04134171823-87 1150 Brussels Belgium @Go_Copper Tel: + 32 (0) 2 777 70 70 2017©European Copper Institute E-mail: [email protected] www.copperalliance.eu

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