CAV [398] CAV

to is [To CAVE in, v. n. To submit, yield.] 3. By Rudd. cavillis not only translated lots, " but responses of oracles." To CAVE over, v. n. To fall over suddenly, S. And quhilis, he says, the cauillis of Licia, down a he caves back over "Sitting [on] bedside, And quhilis fra Jupiter sent doun alsua so that his feet stack out stiff and dead." Melvill's The messingere of goddis bryngis throw the skyis MS., 32. Sa fereful and command on wise. " p. charge thys But the hot & the with the stark ale 55. rowing stoup " Doug. Virgil, 112, hard beside him made him at once to cave over asleep. 4. B. Ibid., p. 115. Stateappointed, allotmentinProvidence,S. "Let ilka ane be content with his ain kaoel ;" Ram- To v. a. To from the CAVE, separate grain say's S. Prov., p. 58. after S. B. broken straw, threshing, -I should be right content For the kind cavel that to me was lent. It has nearly the same sense in S. A., beingdefined by " Ross's Helenore, 128. Sibb., to separate corn from the chaff." This indeed p. I dacker'd wi' him seems the original idea ; Teut. kav-en, eventilare paleas ; by mysel', Ye wish't it to kavel. and this from kaf, leave, chaff. my Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 10. Perhaps this v., both as signifying to toss, and to from the be viewed as the separate grain straw, may 5. A division or share of which has i property; same with Isl. kaf-a, volutare ; kafa heyi, foenum received this its volutare, to toss or cave hay. It appears to have been denomination from being used in the same sense in O. E. "I caue corne Je- ; originally determined by lot, S. B. scoux le B. iii. F. b. grain." Palsgr. 183, ' ' In this sense it is particularly applied to the part a field which falls to one on a division lots." CAVE, s. A deficiency in understanding, of by Aberd. Gl. Surv. Moray. "The Town and Bishop feued out this fishing in Isl. kef-ia, supprimere, and kaef, interclusio animae, shares, six of them called the King's cavil, and the might seem allied. But they properly denote bodily other six the Bishop's cavil." State, Leslie of Powis, suffering. Teut. keye, stultus, insanus. &c., vers. Fraser of Fraserfield, p. 17. E. lot is used in the same sense. s. state of or CAVE'E, A commotion, per- "The half tend siluer of bayth the cavnllis of the turbation of Fr. furdis." Aberd. A. 1538, V. 16. mind, Aberd.; perhaps q. " Reg. They got about 40 chalders of victual and silver cas vif, a matter that gives or requires ac- rent out of the bishop's kavil, consisting of three cobles like S. PaxiL tivity ; on the water of Don, and other rents out of the samen " water, to help to make up this furnishing. Spalding, KAVEL, KEVIL, s. CAVEL, CAUIL, CAFLE, i. 230, 231. '' " 1. Expl. a rod, a pole, a long staff." This then was the lot of the tribe of the children &c. 1. The Kenyie cleikit to a cavel of Judah," Judges, xv. It is true of this Chr. Kirk, st. 7. surprising that the origin word it should hitherto have been overlooked ; especially as Callander says that it should be written kevel or occurs both in its primary, and in its metaph. sense in ijfvel; erroneously deriving it from Goth, gafflack, a our old Rudd. thinks that it be from of the ancient Goths A.-S. writings. may kind javelin among ; gafe- A.-S. cavel, calathus, because lots might be thrown litcas ; whence S. gavelok, an iron crow. : " Tytler says ' ' into a basket, as among the Greeks and Romans into Probably a cudgel or rung. If this be the sense, it an urn. But he considers, as its most natural origin, is unquestionably the same word with Su.-G. kafle, L. B. cavilla, talus, the joint by which the leg is bacillus, rotundus usus, Ihre ; pertica, cujuscunque foot as of this united to the ; bones description seem Germ, keule, a club. But as in other copies, it is, the to have been anciently used for lots. Sibb. gives no cavel, it may perhaps denote "a sorry fellow," as expl. other derivation. Lye refers to C. B. kyvlwr as also by Mr. Chalmers. V. KAVEL. denoting lots, Jun. Etym. But cavel is Su.-G. Isl. which 2. A lot, S. keul, S. A. Hence, "to cast merely kafle, pri- marily means a rod, and is transferred to a lot in cavels," to cast lots. Cavel, id. Northumb. general. Verelius gives the following definition of pi. Gl. Grose. Kaflar, which points out the reason of the transition. ' ' sticks or each of which the lot of an Lat ws cheyss v off this gud cumpany, Small rods, on Syne cafiis cast quha sail our master be. heir, in the division of an inheritance, is inscribed. Wallace, vii. 378, MS. These rods are thrown together into a lap or vessel, that And they cast kemls them amang, and afterwards drawn out by the heirs, each And kevils them between, may take that lot for his inheritance which is in- And they cast kevils them amang, scribed on the rod." Hence this phrase is used Wha suld gae kill the king. both by the Isl. and Sw. Hkipta med lut oc kafle; Minstrelsy Border, ii. 81. Tactu bacilli et sortitione hereditatem dividere. In Sometimes by our writers, the phrase, to cast in cavyll Sw. this transaction is denominated luttkaflar. is used. The language of our old laws is quite analogous; ' ' Thir prudent men returnit the fourt moneth efter "Ane stallanger at na time may haue lot, cult, nor to Argyle, quhare kyng Fergus was resydent for the cavel, anent merchandice with aue Burges, but only tyme. In quhais presence all the landis of Scotland within time of ane fair." Burrow Lawes, c. 59. war cousin in cavyll amang the nobyllis thairof." Bel- I observe, that this very passage, and a parallel lend. Cron. F. 9, b. one from Stat. Gild. c. 20, have been quoted in " ' ' To deliuer him thre thairof [blak bonattis] be ane proof that both kevil and lot originally meant only cawill." Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, V. 15, p. 727. a portion, or share of any thing," Minstrelsy, ii. 90. "Happy man, happy kevel," S. Prov.; "jocosely This, however, as has been seen, is only a secondary spoken when people are drawing lots, of when it has and metaph. sense. It is added, "In both these laws, fallen out well with us, or our friend." Kelly, p. 159. lot and cavil signify a share in trade." These terms, CAV [399] C A W

" indued, may be thus expl., in a loose or general sense. That the said Dauid Male vile sail brouke and joyse But, in their strict and appropriate signification, as the tane half of the gaide laudis, eftir the forme of the here used, they refer to what seems to have been a first kaveling and de/in:/ made betuix him & the said " very ancient custom at fairs in S., a custom which still Thomas quhen the said Dauid enterit to his tak. Act. prevails, in the North at least. As multitudes of Dom. Cone. A. 1480, p. 61. c/iapmfH have been accustomed to repair to these fairs Teut. kavelinyhe, sortitio, sortitus, Kilian. This from various parts of the country, and to erect stalls, word does not seem to have been incorporated into or temporary booths, in the street, or wherever the L. B., unless we view cavelicium as a derivative, 0. Fr. fair for sale in was held, exposing their goods to ; caveliche. But, from the connexion, it seems rather to order to prevent the broils, and even bloodshed, which have denoted some sort of tax. Omnes tenentur re- often resulted from their struggles to obtain the best spondere ad conventum in censibus, in caveliciis, et in situations, it was reckoned necessary that all, who aliis reditibus. Vet. Chart, ap. Du Cange, vo. Capitate meant to erect stalls, should give in their names, and 5. col. 251. Perhaps it signified a poll-tax, as, in bar- cast cavils, or draw cuts, as to the place that each was barous language, Fr. cavesche is the head. V. Cotgr. to occupy. The learned Du Cange, indeed, was so much a stranger Now, it is evident that the passage from the Burrow to our term Cavil, as occurring in Stat. Gild., that he refers to this it it Lawes very circumstance ; as regards says seems to be the same with Cavelicium, which he and fairs stallanyers. The other (Gild. e. 20) must be expl., Census capitis, aut aliud tributi genus. understood in the same sense: "Na man sail buy or bot he is ane brother of our Gild. s. like sell, quha Except CAVER, KAVEB, [pron. E. brave.'] A he be ane stranger mere/land, [i.e. one who means to gentle breeze, a term used on the western erect a stall], quha sail not haue lott, nor cavell, with " coast of from the v. to any of our brother. The meaning obviously is, that S.; probably Cave, who came to a should not be allowed strangers, fair, drive, q. one which drives a vessel forward to cast lots in common with the The gild-brether. in its or as the idea latter were to after course, perhaps including have the preference ; and they had of cast lots for their places, strangers might do it among tossing ; synon. Sawr. themselves for those that were unoccupied. CAVIE, s. 1. A hencoop, S. G. Used to denote a of corn, ridge growing Truth maun own that mony a tod especially where the custom of run-rig is re- To roost o' hen-house never ventnr'd, " Nor duck, nor turkie-#m' enter'd. tained. It is common to say, there's a ' Rev. J. Nicol's Poems, ii. 90. cavel o' Perths. V. KILE, a guid corn," Teut. kevie, id. aviarium, Lat. cavea. chance. Croose as a cock in his ain cavie, This phraseology might take its rise from the cir- Wha shou'd be there but Hinny Davy ? Siller 66. cumstance of such land being originally divided by Mayne's Gun, p. lot lot ; q. a or portion of land covered with grain. 2. In former times the lower part of the Ihre views kajte as a dimin. from kaepp, a rod. This is or was thus undoubtedly the origin of Teut. kavel, a lot, kavel- aumrie, meat-press, denominated. i n, to cast lots ; although Kilian considers it as a This often stood at a little distance from the sense of a secondary kabel, rope, q. funis sortis, funicu- and was the where lus distributions. wall, place courtship was carried on. Hence the phrase cavie keekbo- CAVEL, CAVILL, . A low fellow. ing. Ane cavell quliilk was never at the schule Will rin "There wad be as muckle cavie ktek-bo-in, an' to lionie, and keip ane bischopis mule : smirkin, as wad the dow in a' And syne cum hame with mony colorit crack, pauntrie gar dawpetest With ane burdin of benefices on his back. the Saut Market o' Glasco cour her face wi' her tern- Chalmers's Lyndsay, it 60. ming apron." Ed. Mag. April, 1821, p. 351. Mr. Chalmers views it as used in the passage quoted To above from Christ's Kirk. CAVIE, v. n. 1. To rear, or prance, as a The Kenyie cleikit to a cavel. horse, Aberd., Mearns.

But this supposes the introduction of a third com- Aulil Hornie cavie't back and fore, batant, in to the narrative contained in the And flapt his sooty wings. opposition " stanza. He views the term as probably borrowed Anderson's Poems, p. 126. from or a capel cap/iel, signifying sorry horse ; from the 2. To toss the or to Gael, capul, 0. Fr. canal." It seems more natural, head, walk with an airy and as to to view it fully agreeable analogy, as merely and affected step, ibid. a use of the metaph. term already explained as in its A diminutive from Cave, Keve, v. primary sense signifying "a pole, a long staff." To this the call day vulgar a raw-boned fellow a lang ; rung *. A convent like E. cave. a stiff old man an aukl stock. An old woman is con- CAVIN, ; pron. temptuously denominated an aidd runt. That this was anciently in use, appears from the name still given to a burial-place in Aberbrothick, the To v. a. To divide lot, S. B. i.e. the CAVELL, by cavin-kirkyard, of the convent ; " churchyard That the heritors of Don pron. q. Caivin. met every fortnight after the of O. E. couent B. iii. ravelling the water in April, in the house of John ; Palsgr. F. 26. Dow, at the bridge." State, Leslie of Powis, &c., ISOo. s. p. 123. V. the . CAVINGS, pi. The short broken straw from which the has been KAVELIXG AND DELING, lots and di- grain separated by casting means of the the barn-rake, Loth. V. CAVE, i: viding property according as the lot falls, dividing by lot. To CAW, v. a. To drive. V. CALL. CAW [400] CEL

CAWAR SKYNNIS. "Lamskynnis & cawar CAWMYS, s, A mould. Aberd. calf skins. ' ' That merchande sail hame as oft as skynnis" Reg. ; apparently every bring he salis or sendis his gudis at euery tyme twa hagbutis Su.-G. kalfivar, calves. " with powder and cawmys for furnessing of the samin, &c. Acts Ja. Ed. 346. CAWAWD, part. pa. Fatigued, wearied of V., 1540, 1814, p. The term is written calmes in the title of this act. anything to disgust, Loth. V. CALMES. Perhaps an allusion to the fatigue of cattle, when s. an or driven far, from Caw, to drive, and Awa', q. driven CAZARD, Apparently, emperor, is away. Caesar ; as the latter sometimes written Caser. CAWF, s. A calf, S. Of : This orthography is nearly three centuries old. It Fortune, Montgomerie says occurs in Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, V. 16. Sho counts not Kings nor Cazarda mair nor cuiks. Chron. S. P., iii. 499. CAWF-COUNTKY, CAWF-GRUND. V. under s. sort of sack or net made of CALF. CAZZIE, A straw, S. B. V. CASSIE. C A s. A lot. V. and To WILL, CAVEL, Sw. cassa, a fish net. COUTCH BE CAWILL. " CEA, s. A small tub ;" Gl. Surv. Nairn s. The act of CAWYNG, driving, S. and Moray. " wedderis in The cawynrj of grit [in flocks] furth of Pron. like E. Sea. Thus it is evidently the same the Aberd. A. V. 19. schyir." Reg. 1545, with Say, Saye, q. v.

s. S. A. Bor. GAWK, Chalk, caulk, CEAN KINNE', a Gaelic designation, used Wallace commaunde a burgess for to get to denote the chief of a clan, Highlands of Fyne cawk eneuch, that his der nece mycht set S. C as k. On ilk yeit, quhar Sotheroun wer on raw. pron. hard, Wallace, vii. 408. MS. "Here's a bit line frae ta Gean KinnR, tat he bad A.-S. cealc, Alem. calc, Dan. Belg. kalck, Isl. kalk, me gae [gie] your honour ere I came back." Waverley, C. B. calch, Lat. calx. ii. 107. Gael, ceann, head, cine, a race, tribe, family, the same s. 1. The hinder of a CAWKER, part with A.-S. dim, genus, Isl. kin, id. horse-shoe sharpened, and turned downward, CEDENT, s. The person who executes a so as to prevent slipping on ice, S. It is deed of a forensic term Lat. also written CAULKER. resignation ; ; ced-ere. 2. used to denote mental Metaph. acrimony. "That na assignatioun or vther euident alleagit, ' ' People come to us with every selfish feeling, newly maid in defraud of the creditour, salbe a valiable title and turn down the caulkers to or defend it salbe than instantlie pointed grinded ; they very persew with, gif of their animosities and prejudice, as smiths do with venfiet be wreit that the cedent remanis rebell and at horses' shoes in a white frost." Guy Mannering, ii. the home for the same caus vnrelaxt." Acts Ja. VI., 325. 1592, Ed. 1814, p. 574. " and he Cedent is he who grants an assignation ; 3. A a of ardent S. dram, glass spirits, who receives it is termed Cessioner or Assigny." wi' The magistrates loyal din, Spottiswoode's MS. Law Diet. Tak aff then- cau'kers. Siller 89. Mayne's Gun, p. To CEIRS, SEES, v. a. To search. " "Gl. ibid. Bumpers, The reuthful Eneas I can form no as to the if it be not conjecture origin, Dressit him furth to spy and haue ane sicht recurvi as to the Isl. keikr, recurvus, keik-a, ; referring Of new for till ceirs and knaw term placis, form of the caulker, or as analogous to the Sw. To quhatkin coistis he with the wind wes blaw. for a horse-nail, ishake, i.e. an ice-hook. It seems to Doug. Virgil, 22. 36.

admit the second sense ; because a dram is metaph. Fr. cherch-er, Ital. cere-are, id. falsely supposed to fortify against the effects of intense confirms that the term is used cold. It this, frost-nail CELDR, CELDRE, s. A chalder, or sixteen in the same sense. figurative bolls of Scots measure. Could we view what is given as the secondary sense, as the primary one, the term might seem allied to Lat. "Alswa he taks of Litill Dunmetht part fra the as a calix, Su.-G. kalk, Isl. kaleikr, a cup. Tode stripe to Edinglasse, that is, alsmekill land celdr of aits will schawe." s. name for a CAWLIE, A contemptuous "George of Gordoun occupeis a celdre of atis man. sawyne pertenand to Dunmetht and of the Bischoppis land be properte." Chart. Aberd. Fol. 140. Our Glasgow Provost, its told to us, .L. B. celdra is used in the same sense, Reg. Mag. With his new acts will quite undo us, C. 67. Pistor habeat ad lucrum de That hagish-headed Cawlie sure Leg. Burg. quali- hominibus videatur . Hath done to break us, to his power. bet celdra, secundum quod probis Cleland's Poems, p. 41. To v. a. To to secret. This is undoubtedly the same with Coulie, q. v. CELE, conceal, keep " I sail be lele and trew to you my liege Lord and To v. a. To to calm, CAWMER, quiet, Soverane, Schir N. King of Scottis, and sail not sie with v. nor heir bot I sail let it at all Upp. Clydes.; synon. Chammer, q. your skaith, it, my CEL [401] CES

and warne thairof. Your counsall celand t>. i. power, you To CERSS, To search ; Fr. cerch-er. that the best counsall that I can to ye schaw me ; gif ' ' Als at the hienes deput & ordand certain- to you, quhen ye charge me. In verbo Dei." Form. kinjjis cesouris [cersourisj in euirilk toun, quhilk is ane port, Jurameut. Balfour's Pract., p. 23. quhilk sal haue power to cerss the salaris [sailors] & Fr. cel-tr, Lat. eel-are. passaris furth of tne Realme for furth of hautfing money" be sumeuir or CELATIOUNE, s. Concealment. quhat persoune spirituale temporale, &c. Acts Ja. IV., A. 1503, Ed. 1814, p. 242. "Neuirtholes he come to the said burght at the '' CERCIOUR, s. A searcher. Cerciouris, sahle tyme accumpaniit with fivetene hundreth men, the &c. Aberd. to effect he mycht performe his vickit purpoiss vesiaris," Reg. foirsaid and in occultatioun celatioune of the ; & pre- CERT. For cert; with a a missis," &c. Acts Mary, 1567, Ed. 1814, p. 572, 573. certainty, beyond doubt, Fife. V. CERTE. celestial. CELICALL, adj. Heavenly, Fr. a to eerie, id. Furth of bis palice riall ischit Phebug, CERTIE, s. & kind of Defoumlaud from his sege etheriall CERTY, By my certy, Glade iutlueut celicatt. aspectis oath equivalent to troth, S. Doug. Virgil, Prol, 399. 47. " fa' Fair ye, my teddy Dutchesa ! by my certy ye shake your fit wi' the youngest o' them. Saxon and CELT, . 1. The longitudinal and grooved Gael, i. 80. instrument of mixed metal often found in S. It is sometimes used without the " preposition. "On a shelf were disposed one or two of the Eat ? and ale, Mr. Henry ? My certie ye 're ill to serve !" Tales of brazen implements called Celt*, the purpose of which my Landlord, ii. 104. certie/ few ever has troubled the repose of many antiquaries." The "My wrought for siccan a day's an it be Pirate, iii. 4. wage ; but say the tenth part o' the size o' the kist No. I., it will double its value, being filled wi' instead of 2. Stone Celt, the name given to a stone hatchet, goud silver." Antiquary, ii. 256. S. It is probable that Fr. certe, had been anciently pro- nounced certe. "There was found among the bones three flint stones, one resembling a halbert, another of a circular CERTAINT, adj. Corr. of E. certain, the and the third The first is form, cylindrical. supposed mode of pronunciation in the northern coun- to be the ancient called the stone the other weapon celt, ties of S. were two kinds of warlike instruments." Notes to Pennecuik's Descr. Tweedd., p. 203. "It is most certaint his crowner Gunn deceived This refers to the contents of a stone coffin opened Aboyne, by persuasion of the admiral, as was said, a in the parish of Kirkurd, county of Peebles. great favourer of the covenant. Spalding, i. 177. No good reason has been given for these instruments Certified. being called Celts. It has probably originated from its CERTIONAT, part. pa. that were first used being supposed they by Celts. But "The party defendar aucht and suld be warnit of it is not unlikely that they were introduced by the the said contmewatioun, and certionat of the last day Gothic nations. Many of them have been found in the alii x it be vertew thairof." Acts Mary, 1558, Ed. 1814, Shetland where the isles, Celts never had any settle- p. 522. ment while ; none are found, as far as I can learn, in L. B. certum-are, securum reddere. the Hebrides. Besides, the stone axes have ancient Gothic names it does not . The ; although appear that they CESSIONAR, CESSIONARE, person were denominated in the Gaelic. to an of whom assignment property is legally It would seem that they were used by the Scandina- made ; with vians so late as the eighth century. For in an ancient synon. Assignay. prose Romance in the Saxon dialect of the Teutonic, "Gif ony makis ane uther cessionar and assignay written about this time, the MS. of which is preserved general to all reversiounis perteuing to him, and he in and has been thairefter mak ane uther in re- Cassel, published by Eccard in his assignay special to ane versioun Comment, de Rebus Franciaa Orientalis, stone-axes are pertenand to him, the samin special assigna- as tioun is of naue in mentioned instruments used in battle. The Teu- avail, respect of the general assig- tonic term natioun of befoir." staimbort, from stein, stone, and barte, a hand- maid Balfour's Pract., p. 488. axe, whence hellebarte, our halbert. V. North. Antiq "That Charlis Brown sail pay to Walter Oly- pp. 215-220. phant burges of Perth as Cessionare & assignay to We learn from Eccard, that they were commonly Schir Andrew Purves, persone of Kynnell, the some of called thre skore ten merkis vsuale of Scotland Streithammer, i.e., hammers used in battle ; money aucht to the said Schir Germ, streit, A.-S. strit/i, signifying pugua, and ham- Andro for the teyndis & froitis of the said mer, malleus. De Orig. German., p. 79. kirk." Act. Audit. A. 1491, p. 158. "It is apunctit & accordit betuix William Coluile . * cessionare for Wauss of CENCRASTUS, A serpent of a greenish procuratour Margaret lady Corswell & Robert Charteris of Amysfelde," &c. Act. colour, having its speckled belly covered with Dom. Cone. A. 1488, p. 93. millet-seeds. " spots resembling His assignay, cessionar & donatour." Aberd. Reg. Thair wes the serpent cencrastui, A. 1565, V. 26. A beist of filthy braith. L. B. cetsionar-ius, qui jure suo vel aliqua posses- Watson's Coll, ii. 21. sione cedit ; is etiam cui ceditur. Du Cange. It is Fr. used in the latter sense cfnchrite, Lat. cenchrus, id., from Gr. xeyxpos, obviously here. milium, millet. CEST, CESSIT, pret. Seized. CENSEMENT, . Judgment. V. SEN'SE- Lord Persye said, Quhat nedis wordis mor ? MENT. But he be cest he sail do gret merwaill. Wallace, in. 29. MS. In edit 1648. A3 CH [402] CHA

But he be fast, &c. Ce#x is also used Wallace xi. The latter may be allied to Teut. schoft, a meal for cease as ceis V. 2. taken four times a 1371, ; by Doug. GRETE, day ; pastio diurna quatuor vicibus, Kilian. CH. of Goth, whether S. or The former to Words, origin, seems be merely the E. ., q. a check with are to for that restrains it. E., beginning c/i, sounded hard, hunger, something be traced to those in the Germ, or Northern FAMILY-CHACK, s. A family dinner, without languages that have k, and in A.-S. c, which ceremonious preparation, S. has the same power with k. "He seasoned this dismission with a kind invitation ' to come back and take a part o' his family-chock at C/tachand the ' " CHACHAND, part. pr. gait, ane preceesely. Rob Roy, ii. 240. pursuing his course. It is also pronounced check. '"Twixt the fore and afternoon's worship, he took Sa come thair ane cant carll chachand the gait, his check of dinner at the manse." Ann. of the Par., With ane capill and twa creillis cuplit abufe. 127. Rauf Coilyear, Aij. b. p. 0. FT. chach-ier, to chaae, to pursue. CHACK, CHECK, s. The Wheat-ear, a bird, To CHACK, v. n. To check, S. Hence, Orkn. Motacilla oenanthe, Linn. "The White here denominated the is CHACK-REEL, CHECK-REEL, s. The common Ear, chack, a with us the sum- reel for migratory bird, remaining through winding yarn. mer and harvest, in the end of which it departs." It is thus denominated, because it is constructed Barry's Orkney, p. 308. with a check ; or perhaps from its clacking noise, when "To this list must be added, the snow flake, the the quantity of yarn legally required for a cut has been rail or corn-crake, the wren, the check, the linnet, and the wound on it, S. sparrow." P. Kirkwall, Statist. Ace. vii. 547. This is nearly the same with the last part of its To v. n. To to make a clink- CHACK, clack, Germ, name, stein schwaker, Perm. Zool., p. 383. V. STANE-CHACKER. ing noise, S. Some's teeth for cold did chock and chatter, CHACK-A-PUDDING, s. A selfish fellow, Some from plaids were wringing water. at seizes what is Cleland's Poems, p. 35. who, meals, always best, Ett. For. To CHACK, v. a. 1. To cut or bruise any of the a sudden stroke as The first part of the word may be from Chack, v. as part body by ; signifying to gnash, like a snatching at and when the sash of a window falls on the dog grind- ing a piece of meat with his teeth. I am doubtful, fingers, S. however, if notwithstanding the change of the sense, it be not a mere corr. of E. 2. jack-pudding. To job ; synon. Prob, Stob, Dumfr. s. some 3. To give pain in a moral sense, S. CHACKARALLY, Apparently, kind of checkered or variegated cloth. 4. To lay hold of any thing quickly, so as to No proud Pyropus, Paragon, give it a gash with the teeth, Ettr. For. Or Chackarally, there was none. Watson's i. 28. V. DRAP-DE-BERRY. For chasm' cats, an' craws, an' hoodies, Coll., An' chackin' mice, and houkin' moudies, Fr. eschecquer, Belg. schaakeer-en, Ital. scaccare, to made His match was never checker. A species of cotton cloth, imported from Hogg's Scot. Pastoral, p. 23. India, is in Fr. called chacart. Espece de toile de This seems to be the same with E. check. Teut. coton a carreaux, de differentes couleures. Elles vien- S. nent des kack-en, kek-en, increpare ; synon. B. Chat, q. v. Indes Orientates, particulierement de Surate. V. also CHAK. Diet. Trev.

CHACK (in a road), s. A rut, the track of CHACKART, CHACKIE, s. The stone- a wheel, Loth. Hence, chatter, a bird, Buchan. 1. a chackie Death trailt him aff i' his dank car, CHACKIE, adj. Unequal ; as, As dead's a chackarl. one full of or with in- road, ruts, many Tarras's Poems, p. 10. V. STANE-CHAKER. in Loth. equalities it, CHACKE-BLYND-MAN, s. Blind man's 2. Applied to ground that has much gravel in buff.

it, South of S. "He will haue us to seeke after the church, as children, at Cliacke-blynd-man, after their Probably from the idea of a rut checking the motion groape fellowes. hee would out our or as the v. to is For, first, pick eyes, of a carriage ; check pronounced chack, us from : and, then, set vs S. For the same reason, ground that abounds with syle seeing forsooth, Bp. Forbes's Eubulus, p. 37. be denominated chackie land, because it a-searching." gravel may to or It seems equivalent buffet, strike, the blind -man ; checks the steady motion of the plough. perhaps from the v. chack used somewhat obliquely. For it can be viewed as a corr. of the ancient CHACK, CHATT, s. A slight repast, taken hardly Goth, name of this still retained in S. game Iceland, hastily, kraekis blinda. This game, in Angus, is known by no "We came out of the Castle, and went to an inn to other name than that of Jockie-blind-man, which seems get a chock of dinner." Ayrs. Legatees, p. 105. merely a corr. of this. "I got a chack of dinner at the hotel, and a com- s. The fortable tumbler of excellent old double-rum toddy." CHACKIE-MILL, death-watch, The Steam-Boat, p. 69. Ang. V. DEDECHACK. CHA [403] CHA

CHACKIT, part. adj. Chequered, S. Fr. CHAFRON, s. Armour for the head of a eschequd. war-horse. Gowden his like starns his een " a of locks, inirky ; With chafron steel on each horse's head, His chackit the outvies. plaid speckl't spink and a good knight on his back." Antiquary, iii. 222. Tarras's Poems, p. 1. V. CHEVEEON.

CHACKLOWRIE, . Mashed cabbage, CHAFTIS, CHAFTS, s. pi. Chops, S. A. mixed amongst barley-broth, Aberd. Bor. chafts. Thair men micht heir sc'ariken of CHAD, s. Gravel, such small stones as form chaftii, Quhen that thai went thair way. the bed of S. B. rivers, PeMis to the Play, st. 26. In the north of S. this term always denotes com- "Within few dayis efter ane immoderat flux of pacted gravel. When it yields to the tread, or is caterre fel in his throte & chaft'u, and causit hym to loosened in it is called or the of his realm to Aidane." " digging, ehinyle. gravel. resigne governance Chad, compacted gravel ;" Gl. Surv. Moray. Bellend. Chron. B. ix. c. 15.

Teut. or rather 1 it schadde, cespes, gleba ; kade, us, "Notwithstanding of this gret variance of opinioun Kilian the beach which ora, ; q. generally consists of quhilk euir hes bene amangis al hcrctykis in all aegis,

a small bank. & : thair is ane gravel. Belg. kaade, Hence, yens, tymes yit graceles grace quhilk t iiaini followis al, quhilk is, that thay aggre vniuersalie CHADPY, ctiaddv 'adj. Gravelly; as, ground, in ane opinioun, to cry out with oppin chaftes on the that which chiefly consists of gravel, S. halie consales, euin as the Jowia cryit al with ane voce to crucifie Christ." Kennedy (of Crosraguell) To CHA' FAUSE, v. n. "To suffer;" G. Compend. Tractiue, p. 93. "The piper wants meikle, that wants his nether Eoss., Ang. chafts;" Ferguson's S. Prov., p. 30. Gin he has as doubtless but he gane, has, Su.-G. kiaeft, kaeft, Isl. kiaft-ur, the jaw-bone. -A. He'll shortly gar us ane and a' clia'fause: Bor. chafts, chefIs, id. Hence also E. chaps, chops. Wi' draught on draught by ilka Holland mail, He'll eat a' faster up than tongue can tell. CHAFT-BLADE, s. The jaw-bone, S. Ross's Oelenore, p. 35. C7i' is to chew but if evidently chaw, ; fame signify CHAFT-TALK, s. Talking, prattling, Aberd. "falsely," the phrase seems very odd and malapropos. from and talk. It is most probably very ancient, and ought to have chaft been chaw i.e. chew hair or written, fosse, ; chew For as far as I him excel! the sinews of animals, called maiden-hair. tough In toulyies fierce an' strong, Thus it refer to of animal food might scarcity ; As far in chafl-taak he exceeds or denote that sort of feeding which tries the Me wi' his sleeked tongue. teeth without giving any sustenance, or as giving Poems in. the Buchun Dialect, p. 2. very little. V. FASSE, and FIX-FAX. It may, how-

ever, ; Teut. s. A S. signify gristle fas, vouch, vaese, cartilago ; CHAFT-TOOTH, jaw-tooth, also, libra, capillamentum, festuca. s. E. CHAIP, Purchase, bargain ; cheap. To v. n. To chatter, to be CHAFF, loqua- "Settis it bettir chaip to ony wyis." Aberd. Reg. cious, Loth. A. 1538, V. 16. This is undoubtedly allied to Teut. kef-en, gannire, To v. n. To latrare, q. to bark. CHAIPE, escape. haiff the the it be We rycht, happyar may CHAFFER, 3. The round-lipped whale, That we sail cnaipe with grace out of this land. Shetl. Wallace, iv. 595, MS. Of trew Scottis na creatur. " chapyt Delphinus Orca, (Lin. Syst.) Chaffer-whale, Gram- Ibid., \. 96. MS. Edmonstone's li. 300. pus." Zetl., To chape or chaip, still signifies to escape, Upp. It have received may this name from a circumstance Clydes. mentioned this writer : by ingenious Fr. eschapp-er, Ital. scapp-are, id. "When this whale follows a boat, and alarms the the fishermen have a crew, practice of throwing a coin CHAIPES, CHAPIS, *. pi. Price, rate, of kind towards it, and that the whale any they allege established value of disappears in search of the coin, and ceases to molest goods. them." Ibid. " The chaipes of the country," the ordinary rate, the average customs, To v. n. To chaffer or price; erroneously expl. "shapes, CHAFFLE, higgle, fashions, forms of the country," Gl. Sibb. also, to wrangle. "It is ordanit, that thair be ordanit hostillaris ' and that men find with thame bread and aill, and all "While they were thus chafftin' back an' for'a't,' as vther fude, alsweill to hors as men, for resonable Angus would have described their conversation, the efter the of the countrie." Acts Ja. princess and her pretty attendant arrived at the ar- price, chapis I., c. 24. Edit. 1566. c. 24. bour." Saint Patrick, iii. 197. 1424, Chaipes, Murray. A.-S. ceap, price ; from ceap-an, to buy, CHAFFRIE, *. Refuse, Lanarks. This seems To v. a. To chastise. formed from E. chaffer, merchandize, CHAISTIFIE, from A.-S. " ceap-an, Alem. chauph-cn, Moes.-G. kaup- Heirfor to dant thir attemptatis of Inglismen, I to jan, purchase. Viewing this as the origin, we must find na thing sa expedient as to be confident with consider the term as having received an oblique sense, the pepil that may chaistifie thame maist esaly." in allusion perhaps to the most insignificant wares. Bellend. Cron. B. x. c. 3. Castigare, Boeth. CHA [404] CHA

imitations a. This probably means, of singing birds, CHAK, lark dulci- from Fr. calanare, a species of ; calaudrus schowit to schore Schipirdis ; sonans in myrica, Diet. Trev. Teut. kalander. And Fergy Flitsy yeid befoir, Chiftane of that chef chak, CHALDRICK, CHALDER, s. The name A ter stoup on his bak. in to Colkelbie Sow, F. 1. v. 233. given the Orkney Islands the Sea-pie, Perhaps from A.-S. ceace, exploratio, tentamentum, Hoematopus ostralegus, Linn. "a trial! or or chak re- " proof," Somner; may signify The wild fowl of these islands are very numerous. straint, stop. Among these we may reckon the scarf, and the seapie or chaldrick." P. Kirkwall, Stat. Ace. vii. 546. To CHAK, v. a. To check, probably to in- Called kielder, Feroe Isles ; Isl. tialldur, Pennant's spect. Zool. II. 482. To chock the wach Wallace and x had beyn According to G. Andr. tialldr is the sea-thrush, and has tliair Turdus 238. Elsewhere he that the Rydand about, cummyng seyn. marinus, p. says Wallace, viii. 816. MS. sea-pie (pica manna) is vulgarly called ritskegla, vo. Ritur, p. 200. s. The act of V. CHAK, checking, stop. This is evidently the same with the chalder of Shet- CHAR. land. The of the answers " description sea-pie exactly ; for, it lives on lempots, which it separates from the *. Check-watches. [CHAK-WACHIS, pi. rock very dexterously with its long red bill. P. North- Abovyn thame apon the wall. maven, Shetl., Ibid. xii. 365. N. The chak-ieachis assemblit all. s. a chaffern. Earbour, x. 613. MS.] CHALFER, Apparently, " Item, a grete round ball, in maner of a chalfer, of To CHAK, v. n. 1 . To to snatch at an gnash, silver ouregilt." Collect, of Invent., p. 10. object with the chops, as a dog does, S. Fr. eschauff-er, to chafe, to heat. [It also means to chatter, as one does when CHALLENGE, s. Removal by death, sum- cold. it '' very V. CHACK, v. n.]. Properly mons to the other world has ; as, He got- expresses the sound made, "when he misses ten a hasty challenge" i.e. a sudden call, his aim," Rudd. Aberd. The rynnyng hound dois hym assale in threte, With chaftis at makis ane snak to hys wycle hym ; CHALLENGEABLE, adj. Liable be The bit oft failzeis for he do pcht mycht, called in And chakkis waist his question. togiddir wappynnis wycht. " Doug. Virgil, 439, 35. All these who have been accessory to the said en- are for their said 2. It the sound made gagement challengeable accession," expresses sharp by any &c. Acts Cha. I., Ed. 1814, VI. 352. iron substance when its socket entering ; s. Chamber. as of the latch of a it is CHALMER, door, when shut ; To me is to S. displeasant click, Genyus chalmer, or matrymonye to hant. Doug. Virgil. 99. 53. 3. To chak to to, shut with a sharp sound. CHALMER-CHIELD, s. A valet of the chamber. "The cais chakkit to suddenlie but ony motion or treasurer David in werk of mortall creaturis." Bellend. Cron., B. xiv. c. "The paid Rizzio, April 1562, 11. 15, as cltalmer chield, or valet of the chalmer." Chal- mers's Mary, i. 75, N. V. CHIEL, CHIELD. CHAKER, s. A chess-board. " CHALMER-GLEW, . Chambering, secret "Ane auld chaker with the men of tabillis thairto." wantonness," Gl. Sibb. V. GLEW. Aberd. Beg. A. 1541, V. 17. CHALMER or DEIS. CHAKIL, 8. The wrist. " Item, in the chalmer of dels ane stand bed of eist- Gold bracelets on thair chakils hings, land with ruf and pannell of the same." In- Thair fingers full of costly rings. tymmer ventories, A. 1580, p. 301. V. CKAMBRADEESB. Watson's Coll., ii. 10. V. SHACKLE-BONE. s. Chamberlain. CHAKKIR, s. The exchequer; Aberd. CHALMERLANE, "The cluilmerlane and his sail knaw and Reg. A. 1538, V. 16. V. CHEKER. deputis execute the said thingis." Acts Ja. I., 1425, Ed. 1566, c. 60. Ed. 10. CHALANCE, CHALLANCE, s. Challenge, Chawmerlane, 1814, p. exception, used in a forensic sense. CHALMERLANRIE, s. The office of a chamber- " The lordis decretis & deliueris that the said Schir lain, chamberlainship. William of Striuelin is quite of the clame & chalance The maiestie declaris all officis of kingis heritable of the said Patrik auent the said malis." Act. Audit. c7ialmerlanreis, with all feis, casualiteis or priuilegis A. 26. 1473, p. pertening thairto to be null," &c. Acts Ja. VI., 1597, Aberd. A. V. 20. Challance, Keg. 1548, Ed. 1814, p. 131. CHALANDRIE, . CHALMILLETT, s. The stuff called cam- In tapestries ye micht persaue blet. wrocht like lawrell treis Young ramel, ; of ane With syndrie sorts of chalandrie, "Ane bodyes gowne but slevis of quheit In curious forms of carpentrie. champit chalmlllett of silk pasmentit with gold and Burel's Entry Quene, Watson's Coll., ii. 2. silver." Collect, of Inventories, A. 1578, p. 229. CHA [405] CHA

to to In old E. chamlet, Fr. camelot; being supposed To CHAMMER, v. a. To quash, silence, be made of the hair of the camel. " heard I wad to settle ; as, If I had him, hae chammer'd his talk till him," Roxb. CHALOUS, Sir Gawan and Sir Gal. i. 11.

retinere arrestare ; V. CHOLLE. Tout, kommer-en, manus injicere, ; kamer-en, in cella condere, q. to confine, to restrain. CHAMBERERE, s. A chamberlain; Fr. To v. a. To to mash, S. chamlrier, id. CHAMP, chop, Lancash. to cut things small. Stude at the dure Fair calling hir vschere. Chomp, in " That coude his office doon conyng vise. As for truth, clip not, nor champ not my words And Secretee hir chamberere, worst thrifty (as some have done elsewhere) and I beleeve the That was in to do seruyse. besy tyme affected will not charge me with lying." Hume's Hist. King's Quair, ill 24. Doug. To the Reader, p. 2. id. of it Sw. Icamerer, Germ. Belg. kapp-en, id. By the insertion m, differs from all the other dialects. . 1. A a CHAMBRADEESE, parlour; Braw butter'd nibbits ne'er wad fail old Fife. To a o' kail. name still used by some people, ; grace cog champit Picken's 63. dais. Poems, 1788, p. properly, chamber of This word was formerly used in E. "I champr a I am informed that the designation is used in some Je thing smaUe bytwene my tethe ; masche," Palsgr. of France. It is to be q. Fr. ehambre parts supposed B. iii. F. 185, a. ou ils the chamber in which conversation is disent, The Isl. term, however, signifying to chew, more from to held ; as for the same reason, parler : parlour, nearly resembles it, kamp-a, mastigare, Haldorspn rather ehambre au a chamber speak. Perhaps dais, and indeed chewing and chopping are nearly allied, with a the room of state. V. DEIS. canopy, q. chewing being merely the act of the teeth employed as chopping instruments. Johns, derives E. champ from 2. Sometimes, the best bed-room. Fr. champayer. But it thus appears that it is, origin- " ally at least, a Goth. word. The chamber where he lay was called the Chamber The term is often applied to mashed vegetables, as Deese, which is the name given to a room, where potatoes, cabbages, turnips, &c., S. tli'ie Laird lies when he comes to a Tenant's house." o' them weel Memoirs Capt Creiehton, p. 97. A wally dish champit, "The Erie of Huntlie beand deid thus on Setterday In time o' need, How we'll see them ! at ewin, Adam immediatlie causit bier butt the deid glibly up gainpit On Potatoes, A. Scott's Poems, p. 154. corps to the chalmer ofdavice." Bannatyne's Journal, p. 486. s. A mire "That's a Davice is evidently a corruption. CHAMP, ; perfect champ" is still in the south what is trodden down or mashed "The phrase common [of S.]; Tweedd.; q. to the best and, I think, chiefly applied sleeping-room ; by the feet of animals. originally, perhaps, that in which there was a bed with a dais or canopy." Note from Sir W. S. CHAMPIES, s. pi. Mashed potatoes, Berwicks. I had overlooked some proofs of the use of thia term, which evidently confirm the latter etymon. "The old man gave Sir Godfrey to understand, that [CHAMPIT, adj. Mashed, beat.] he resided under his habitation, and that he had great reason to complain of the direction of a drain, or com- CHAMP, s. The figure that is raised on dia- mon sewer, which emptied itself directly into the cham- " per, silk, &c. ber of dais." The best chamber was thus currently denominated in Scotland, from the French dais, sig- "Item ane coit of quhite dammes with the champ of that of the ancient halls which was elevated Inventories, 36. nifying part gold."" p. above the rest, and covered with a canopy." V. Item ane pair of hois of crammesy velvett champit Minstrelsy Border, ii. 229. like dammes [damask] cuttit out on claith of gold, the champ of it of silvir." Inventories, A. 1539, p. 44. s. The office of chamber- Fr. champ, is applied to work of the same kind, as, CHAMLANRIE, d'une But the term seems to have lain. champ tapisserie. been changed in its signification, when introduced by our ancestors. For Fr. to its "The D. of Queensberrie has also undertaken to get champ, according primary denotes the area, or field, on which the him a gift of the Chamlanrie of Ross, which hes a sense, figures in &c., are raised. Le d'une tapis- thousand pounds Scots of sellary annexed to it : in tapestry, champ le Area. II faut rembrunir le which case he will undoubtedly cause the fewers pay serei, o'est fonds, de cette en relever da les the bolls, without regard to the exchequer fiers, as the champ tapisserie pour vantage &c. former chamerlans did." Culloden Pap., p. 334. couleurs, From 0. Fr. chamettan, a chamberlain. V. CHAL- MEBLANE. CHAMPIT, adj. Having raised figures, em- bossed, diapered. s. Camelot or CHAMLOTHE, CHAMLET, I saw all claith of gold men might deuise, camlet from Fr. a this Saline figures champit with flouris and bewis. ; ehameau, camel, Police of Honour, i. 46. cloth being made of camel's hair. " Item ane gowne of crammasy velvet, champit like "Of chamlothe of sylk to be ane velicotte, and ane dammes with ane braid pasment of gold, lynit with xvii elle and half." Chalm. i. 207. furuist with hornis of Inventories, A. vasquine," Mary, luterris, gold." Chainlets, unwatered, the elne, xxiii s." Rates, 1539, p. 32. A. 1611. Teut. schamp-en, radere, scalpere. CHA [406] CHA

s. Field rent that This refers to the absurd idea entertained CHAMPARTE, ; portion by super- stitious people, that their fortune in a journey, or in of the fruits of the soil paid by a tenant to any undertaking, will be good or bad, as the first fit, his lord. or first person they meet with, is supposed to be lucky or unlucky. "Nee terram seu aliquam rem aliam capiat, ad Sin' that I thrave sae ill, I fancy, Champarte, ad defendendum, differendum, seu prolon- Some fiend or fairy, nae sae very chancy, gandum jus alterius extra formam Stat. Prim. juris." Has driven me, by pawky wiles uncommon, Roberti I. R. Scot. c. 22, sect. 2. To wed this fiiting fury of a woman. This Skene the French term, observes, among signi- Fergusson's Poems, ii 2. fies campi partem, that is, the portion of the fruits of This term is very commonly applied to one who is the soil which he who farms it in part pays to his lord. conversant in arts, S. Hence the is deduced magical metaphor ; for in courts of law "Elspeth was unco clever in her young days, as I it is used to denote a quota of the subject under con- can mind right weel, but there was aye a word o' her troversy, which a corrupt judge receives from the liti- no being that chancy." Antiquary, iii. 237. gant. V. Not. in loc. That is, exposing to danger from necromancy. L. B. campipars, corresponds in the primary signifi- cation. Fr. or "field rent 3. in a literal sense but used champar, champart, ; halfe, Safe, ; commonly or part, or the twelfth part of a crop due, by bargaine, with the negative prefixed, no or not chancy, or custome unto a landlord, and taken off the ground that not to S. for him before the farmer lead is, safe, dangerous approach ; any ;" Cotgr. " L. B. is with in its His Grace as near as campiparticeps synon. champartt was me I am to you ; and he defined metaphorical sense, and by Du Cange nearly in said to me, 'Tak tent o' yoursel, my bonnie lassie, the words of Skene. (these were his words) for horse is not " very my very chancy.' Tales of my Landlord, ii. 160. s. CHANCELLARIE, Chancery. [The term is also used in the E. sense of risky, " hazardous.] The gritest nowmer of the vassellis, &c. of the landis to the and tempprall pertening archiebishoprie CHANDLER, CHANLER, . A candlestick, of and priorie Sanctandrois, to the archbishopric of o. Glasgw, ar of sa mene rent and qualitie, that thai ar " out the navayis able to make the expensis vpoun the resigna- They took stately insight and plenishing, tioun of thair landis in our souerane lordis handis, and sic as bedding, napery, vessels, cauldrons, chandlers, enteressis thairto be his hienes chancellarie." Acts fire vessels, whereof there was plenty, kists, coffers, trunks and other and whilk Ja. VI. 1597, Ed. 1814, p. 146. plenishing armour, they could Fr. id. : Johns, that E. chan- get carried on horse or foot," &c. ii. chancelerie," conjectures Spalding, cery, has been probably chancellery, then shortened." 198. Fr. chandelier, a branch for holding candles, used CHANCELLOR of a Jury, the foreman of obliquely. Grose mentions chaundler, id. Gl. Have you any or it, S. pots pans, Or any broken chandlers t "The called in Scotland the chancellor of foreman, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 286. V. RAXES. the jury, usually the man of best rank and estimation s. among the assizers, stepped forward," &c. Heart of CHANDLER-CHAFTS, CHAN'LER-CHAFTS, pi. Mid Lothian, ii. 284. Lantern-jaws, thin cheek-blades, S. " Wae worth his chandler chafts," co' Kate, for " CHANCH, used change. For doing you sic wrang." " Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet., p. 125. Prouiding alwayis, that quha hes power to cheiss sons, wi" chan'ler chafts clerk is or notaris, that thai ma chanch or cheiss as thai My gape roun', To rive my gear, my siller frae me. pleiss." Acts Ja. V. 1540, Ed. 1814, p. 359. "Change A. Wilson's Poems, 1790, p. 75. or cheis ;" Ed. 1566, fol. 129, a. - CHANLER CHAFTED, adj. Lantern-jawed ; CHANCY, adj. 1. Fortunate, happy, S. having chops like a chandler or candlestick, Desyre to be chancy and fortunate, S. B. As vthir princis quhilkis mare happy bene. " Bot the thing that anger'd me warst ava was, to Doug. Virgil, 425, 25. be sae sair guidg'd by a chanler-chafted auld runk Before the altaris he slew in sacrifice, carlen." Journal from London, p. 4. To the God of tempestis ane blak beist, And to the windis ane chancy mylk quhite. CHANG, s. Apparently, reiteration of one Doug. Virgil, 71, 22. thing, Aberd. Chirmin' chang. i.e. the favourable winds, felicibus, Virg. Gin I live as "There were many that refused, because they knew lang Sir As nae to fear the chinning chang Andrew Wood to be such a captain upon the sea, Of gosses grave, &c. and so chancy in battle, that he oft times the gained Skinner's Misc. Poet. V. CHIKME. victory." Pitseottie, p. 100. This word seems to be used in a similar Fr. chanceaux, id. sense with Channerin allied to Isl. ; perhaps kiaenk, avium vox ; "a sound." 2. Forboding good fortune, S. Any person or crocitus, q. croaking viewed as is thing inauspicious, said to be no CHANGE, s. Custom, as denoting the prac- S. chancy, tice of buying from certain persons, S. Now when I mind me, I met Maggy Grim, But soon they see his eye indignant glance This at the o't word in morning just beginning ; On every friendship they advance ; She was never ca'd but chancy, canny and slim, And soon they find, that people to them strange. sae it has with And fared my spinning o't. Will use them much discreeter for their change. Jtoss's &ng, Hdenore, p. 134. Train's Mountain Muse, p. 95. CHA [407] CHA

CHANGE, CHANGE-HOUSE, CHAINGE- CHANNELLY, adj. Gravelly, S. s. small inn or " HOU8E, A alehouse, S. In some farms, they sow a good deal of what goes the The oldest example I have met with of the use of by name of grey oats, which are only valuable, because a the latter term, is the following : they yield pretty good crop upon our is channelly where other will "There a little kind of cTtainge-house close to it, ground, hardly any grain P. that provides meat for men and horses at their own grow." Blackford, Perths. Statist. Ace. iii. 207. "The soil and expenses, but you must lye within the convent." Sir being light, sandy channeUy, is much overrun with broom. Maxwell's Sel. A. Balfour's Letters, p. 52, 53. Trans., p. 91. This orthography approaches nearest to the pronun- CHANNEL, *. A gutter, a kennel. ciation, as the same sound is given to a or ai here, as "Gif thair be that has to t in E. line, mind, &c. ony persoun ony biggit land, sic as under the and "They call an ale-house a change, and think a man cellaris, yeird, the passage of of a thame furth farther than four f the c/iannel good family suffers no diminution of his gentility ute, stoppand to and Balfour's 388. keep it, though his house and sale are too incon- calsay," Pract., p. 387, Fr. Lat. id. This siderable to be mentioned without the appearance of chenal, Belg. kennel, canal-is, word has been borrowed from the burlesque." Hurt's Letters, i. 80. probably French, while "Item, taken by the said M'ilvorie from Allan Mac- residing in this country, during the reign of Mary. lauchlan, in the cliange-house of Calintrave, 20 merks CHANNEL-STANE, s. The name given worth of houshold plenishing, and ane standing-bed." to the stone in Depred. in Argyll. used the diversion of curlinc. "When the Lowlanders went to drink a cheer- Gall. to the house called the upping cup, they go public The vig'rons youth, and call for Cluinge-houae, a chopin of two-penny, which In bold contention met, the channelsfane, is a made of not The of a thin, yeasty beverage, malt ; quite so bracing engine Scottish arm, strong as the table beer of England." Smollett's H. To shoot wi' might and skill. Clinker. Davidson's Seasons, p. 158. Perhaps thus denominated, as they are generally s. who ale- CHANGE-KEEPER, One keeps an such as are taken from the bed of a river. house, or a petty inn, Perths., Lanarks. CHANNER, s. Gravel, often Charmers; "That went into the house but the three nobody with Aberd. brothers, and Nelson the change-keeper and the de- synon. Channel, himself." ponent Trials of Sons of Rob Roy, p. 130. CHANNERY, adj. Gravelly, ibid. CHANGE-SEATS, THE KING'S COME, a To v. n. To fret, to be in a well known in Loth, and in the South CHANNER, game S. of S. chiding humour, Probably in ridicule of the political The cock doth craw, the day doth daw, scramble for places. The channerin worm doth chide ; Gin we be mist out o' our In this game, as many seats are placed round a room place, A sair we maun bide. as will serve all the company save one. The want of pain a seat falls Minstrelsy Border, ii. 125. on the individual by a kind of lot, re- What sights, man, what gulated, as in many other games, by the repetition of frights, man, an old Are pedlars doom'd to thole, rhythm. All the rest being seated, he, who has no Ay channerin' and daunerin' seat, stands in the middle, repeating the words, In eager search for cole ! "Change seats, change seats," *,c., while all the rest A. Wilson's Poems, 1790, p. 235. are on the alert, to observe when he "The adds, king's Ir. to mutter or "or as cannr-an, grumble ; Gael. id. cann- come, it is sometimes expressed, "The king's ran, contention, grumbling. coming ;" as they must then all rise and change their To chanter, to or A. seats. The lies in the bustle made in grumble, mutter, complain ; sport consequence Bor. of every one's endeavouring to avoid the misfortune of being the unhappy individual who is left without a CHANGS, seat. adj. Gray. The principal actor often slyly says, '"The " Apoun his chin feil] chanos haris King's not come, when of course the company ought gray. to Doug. Virgil, 173. 44. V. CANOIS. keep their seats : but, from their anxious expecta- tion of the usual summons, they generally start up, CHANRY-KIRK, ,. Corr. which affords a CHANNERY-KIRK, great deal of merriment. of "Here's auld Chanonry, or S. ordering and counter-ordering. But Canonry-kirk, patience ! ! we ae "The of Ross used the patience may day play at Change bishop service book peace- the within the seats, king's coming." Rob Roy, iii. 153. ably chanry kirk of Ross each sabbath day This the of game, although childish, is evidently meant to by space two years." Spalding, i. 64. ridicule the political scramble for places on occasion of "This college or channery kirk wanted the roof a of or in the since the reformation." 288. change government, succession. " Ibid., p. At the mouth of Ness is Chanonry, so called from s. S. CHANNEL, Gravel, (synon. chad) a rich college of canons, while the church continued in from the bed of a river a prosperous state, in which is the see of the of perhaps channel, ; 1 bishop this Ross.' Camden's Brit., iv. 183. being generally composed of gravel. V. CHINGLE. CHANTER, t. The drone of a bagpipe, S. "The moorish of See the proud on the staple the fourth branch having pipers bow, sand And mark the streamers flow only and channel below it, the same cannot reason- gaudy From their loud chanters down, and ably admit of any diminution." Maxwell's Sel. Trans. sweep The furrowed bosom of the p. 109. deep, As, rushing through the lake, amain "A great part of it is a channel or sandy gravel" They plied the ancient Highland strain. Ibid., p. 119. Lady of the Lake, p. 66. CHA [408] CHA

Gael, chanter a cantair, (Shaw), apparently singer ; 2. Like chield, it is also applied to a female, primarily applied to the person, hence perhaps to the drone. S. 13. And for her temper maik she cou'd hae nane, CHANTERIS, s. pi She'd gar twa paps cast out on ae breast-bane : And yet, say what I liked, nought would do, For sum ar sene at serraonis seme sa lialye, But I maun gang, that boniiy chap to woo. Singand Sauct Davidis psalter on thair bukis, Moss's Helenore, p. 35. And ar bot biblistis fairsing full thair bellie, This seems the same with Su.-G. Backbytand nychtbours, noyand thame in nuikis, radically kaeps, and raifand kirk-rentis ruikia kieps, kaebs, homo servilis couditionis, Isl. Bugging up lyke ; kieps-ir, As werrie waspis aganis Godeis word makis weir : Edd. Saemund. A aekki kiaepsir i barnum ; A servant Sic Christianis to kiss with chanteris kuiks hath no with the children S. has nae ; part ; "A chap God the this gif grace aganis gude new-yeir. aucht with the bairns ;" Leg. West-G. ap. Ihre. This 198. st. 16. Bannatyne Poems, p. learned writer mentions Germ, kebe, kebs, A. -8. cyfece, Lord Hailes gives this passage as not understood. as signifying a concubine. It may be supposed that Chcmterie, as Tyrwhitt expl. it, is "an endowment for koeps was originally applied to an illegitimate son. the payment of a priest, to sing mass agreeably to the Hence kebs-kind, A.-S. cyfece-boren, a bastard. Ihre as to this in appointment of the founder ; from Fr. chanter, to hesitates, however, origin ; because, the sing. By chanteris those lay-persons seem to be meant, Edda, kiepsir is given as a designation of servants. after the in S. the of who, Reformation , got gift livings endowed as mentioned formerly enjoyed by priests CHAPPIE, s. A little fellow, S. above. Cuiks does not seem to denote the cooks who made provision for chanters. The Christianis described "He was a clever chappie, and used to say if ever he cooked, or, as the term is still applied, used every art, made a fortune he would get me a kirk." Sir A. to kiss with chanters, i.e., to live in the greatest in- Wylie, iii. 229. timacy with them, if not, to get possession of such livings. This agrees with the rest of the stanza. To CHAP, v. a. 1. To strike with a hammer, Though in general backbiters of their neighbours, they or instrument of similar use, S. lived on the best terms with chanters, that they might any their bellies stuffed. A full seems get point requisite Teut. kapp-en, incidere ; Belg. schopp-en, to strike, at kuiks. Sewel. To chap hands, to strike hands, especially in con- s. to CHANTICLEER, A name given the cluding a bargain, S. Dragonet, a fish, Frith of Forth. Syn Lindy has wi' Bydby chapped hands, hae their at command. or They's gear again your "Callionymus Lyra, Dragonet; Chanticleer, Ross's First Ed. 120. Helenore, , p. Gowdie." Neill's List of Fishes, p. 4. In third Ed., join'd his hand. CHANTIE, CHANTY, s. A chamber-pot, a 2. to cut into small Teut. urinal a cant Fife. To chop, pieces, S. ; term, Roxb., Ayrs., conscindere minutim. The like has been, whan late at night, kapp-en, Ye're daun'ran hame right canty, To chap off, to strike off. Su.-G. kapp-a, to ampu- That on your pow an envoice light, tate ; Kappa afftogen, to cut the cables ; S. "to chap Het reekan frae some chanty. ojf the tows." Pickeris Foetus, 1788, p. 52. Nae sonsier dish was e'er o' plane-tree. 3. To to to S. B. Than thee, thou ancient pewter chantie. bruise, beat, break, MS. Poem. Bannocks of good barley-meal, Of thae there was right plenty, s. A a kail butter'd fn' weel CHANTIE-BEAK, prattling child, With chapped ; And was not that chatter-box, Roxb. right dainty? Herd's Coll., ii. 79. Apparently from Fr. chant-er, to warble (E. chant), " as expressive of cheerfulness, and bee, the bill or beak. v.n. 1. strike To CHAP, To ; The knock's V. BEIK, 8. chappin," the clock strikes, S. CHANTIN', adj. Loquacious, and at the "Colonel Mannering, after threading a dark lane or two, reached the then with same time pert, Roxb. High-street, clanging the voice of oyster-women and the bells of piemen, This seems to be an sense of the E. ' merely oblique for it had, as his guide assured him, just chappit eight and have been to a ' v., may originally applied lively upon the Tron. Guy Mannering, ii. 256, 257. person. Isl. kant-az, however, signifies altercari. 2. To chap at a door, to knock, to rap, S. CHAP, s. 1. A fellow; a contemptuous term, The doors were and to : either to a man or a Some- closed, put applied stripling. The lady chapped, and made undo. times, as denoting a boy, the dimin. chappie, Sir Egeir, p. 31. " or little is S. And when he came to Barnard's ha', chap," used, neither Would chap nor ca' ; I muckle doubt, my Sire, Bot set his bent bow to his breist, Ye've trusted ministration And lichtly lap the wa". To in a barn or chaps, wha, bvre, OH Morrice, Ritson's S. Songs, i. 160. Wad better fill'd their station She had na been i' that bigly bower, Than courts that days. Na not a night, but barely ane, Burns, iii. 94. Till there was Willie, her ain true love, Grose it in the same Class. gives sense, Diet, of the Chapp'd at the door, crying, "Peace within." vulgar language. Erlinton, Minstrelsy Border, iii. 235. CHA [409] CHA

And CHAP, CHAUP, CIIOPPE, s. 1. A stroke of belly-flaught o'er the bed lap she, Anil claucht Hab wi' and main : a S. might any kind, blow, "Hech, husto !" quo' Habbie, "I chapt ye; Then Burneioin comes on like death I thocht whare your tantrums wad en'." At ev'ry dump. Jamition's Popular Ball., i. 299. iii. 15. Burns, Belg. kipp-en, to choose. This seems only a se- sense Chop in used for a blow, in the language of pugilists, condary of Teut. kipp-en, as signifying to lay E.5. hold of Grose's Class. Diet. ; capere, excipere, excerpere, eximere, inter- Kilian. The town-sntor like Lowrie lap cipere, It have the same Three fit at ilka stend : may origin with Clitipg, q. v. He did na miss the ba' a chap. Christmas . The act of and Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet., p. 126. CHAP, choosing, chap choice, Su.-G. kaepp, baculus, a stick, has been viewed as great variety, S. B. allied, being the instrument often in no employed striking. Spare pains nor care ; Teut. ictus Dan. a kip, ; kiep, stick, kieppe slag, a For chap and choice of suits ye hae them there. cudgelling ; Moes-G. kaupat-jan, colaphos ingerere, Ross's ffelenore, p. 114. Mar. xiv. 65. To CHAP yont, v. n. To get out of the way, 2. A tap or rap, S. Aberd. ; apparently equivalent to E. chop Lie still, ye skrae, about, as to the of the wind. There's Water-Kelpie's chap. applied shifting Sae Minstrelsy Border, iii. 363. chap ye yont, ye filthy dud, Z. uses An' crib some docker's chuckie brood, &c. Boyd choppe in the game sense : To Aultl Tarras's 38. "O what a cry is in the dumb of the con- My Hat, Poems, p. " choppe science ! Last 181. Battell, p. CHAP AND CHOICE, great S. Gl. "At the word and the dumbe variety, preaching, without, Shirrefs. choppes of his conscience within could not moue him to do well." Ibid, p. 1203. CHAP, s. A shop. To CHAP v. a. out, To call out by a tap on Truth followed Vanity and bled him, When he was in a pane of the window, S. the Taylor's chap. Many's Truth's Travels, Pennecuik, p. 94. out is the used in Chappin phrase parts of is the many N Chop general pronunciation. Teut schai>, Scotland to denote the tirl on the or slight lozen, tap at promptuarium. the window, given by the nocturnal wooer to his mis- A.-S. sceoppa, gazophylacium. Hence, tress. She throws her cloak about says Lye, instantly her, and our The term occurs in the A.-S. ver- this shop. sceoppe obeys signal." Blackw. Mag., 1818, p. 531. sion; Luke xxi. 1. as denoting the treasury. The E. word indeed s. 1. An may have had this origin. Su.-G. skaap, CHAPPEK, instrument for bruising (pron. stop), armarium respositorium, is evidently potatoes, &c., Aberd. with BEETLE, Clydes. synon. A.-S. sceoppe; also Germ, schopf, schof, [2. A knocker of a tugurium, umbraculum, which has been derived from door.] Gr. SKfir-w, tego. Teut. schof is rendered claustrum ; CHAPPING-STICKS, s. Any instrument which Kilian. Yet from the hard sound of the S. term, it seems natural to that one uses for S. suppose the root may be A.-S. striking with, to to to ceap-an, buy, sell, make merchandise ; whence "Fools should not have " chapping sticks," 8. Prov ceap, venditio, which might easily be transferred to the when we take a spoken stick from a child, or when place where articles were bought and sold. others are harm with what " doing they have taken up : 101. Kelly, p. It is also often used metaph.: CHAPDUR, *. Chapter, Chart. Aberd. A. "My man, said he; but ye're no nice o" your 1588. /" Perils of chapping-sticks" Man, ii. 38. An' I but ance tak a up chappin-stick, I'd fain knap s. a S. a crown rnair CHAPIN, Chopin, quart, wi't, especially a rotten Papist's." Ten- nant's Gin he likes drink, 'twad alter soon the Card. Beaton, p. 117. case, And drunken bluther a' his To chapins face. CHAP, CHAUP out, CHAUPS, v. a. 1. To Shirrefs' Poems, p. 42. " fix The de'il at or selection other times gie's, it's said, his upon any person thing by ; agents a mutchkin o' a term mischief, but on this night [Hallowe'en] frequently used, especially it's among thought they hae a chappin." R. Gilhaize, ii. 217. children, when one wishes to prevent another from To Tak a Chapin, is a circumlocution claiming what he has chosen, S. Hence commonly the used to express an attachment to phrase, Chap ye, chuse intoxicating ye. S. You's hae at will liquor, to chap and chuse, " For few I To " things am scant in. Tak a Chapin, to be addicted to drinking. Ramsay's Poems, i. 48. Gl. Shirrefs. out as Chaup mony younkers frae the glen, As ilka horn and hoof of CH APIS, s. pi. Established and rates. yours may ken ; prices And we sail them a ready taiken gee, V. CHAIPES. That sail frae us let all their gueeds gae free Accordingly the lads were wiled and sent. CHAPYT. V. CHAIPE. Jtoss's ffelenore, p. 124. 2. to CHAPLING, s. A process of some- Suddenly embrace a proposal made in gagging times used at elections. order to a bargain; to hold one at the terms " For S. preventing mischiefs that may arise, concerts mentioned, and engagements that may be made & entered into CHA [410] CHA

a line. is by such of the Council as are merchants among them- This true ; but the transcript he has received selves, or such of the Council as are craftsmen among has made it more corrupt, entirely leaving out the line themselves, for influencing or carrying all or any part here printed in italics, which is in MS. of an election out of the regular way, known by the Fr. char, a waggon, a car. name of Chapling, whereby members are not at liberty to to their consciences, but To v. a. 1. To to proceed according according" CHAR, stop, oppose. to the of a were it never so opinion majority, wrong, Now hand to hand the dynt lichtis with ane swak, &c. of Sett., Burgh Dunf., 1724. Now bendis he vp his biirclouu with ane mynt, Su.-G. to bacillo os obturare ; from On he bradis for to eschew the Icaeppl-a, gag, syde dynt ; kaepp, baculus. He ettlis younder his awantage to tak, He metis him and charris him with thare, ane chak ; s. a CHAPMAN, A pedlar, a hawker, S.; He watis to spy, and strikis in all his micht, The tothir him on his burdoun wicht. merchant, O. E. keppis Doug. Virgil, 142. 5. The word is used, in the Scotch sense "Chapmen. It sufficis to se the us, palice blume ; of it, for an itinerant seller of wares." P. Preston- And stand on rowme quhair better folk bene charrit. pans, East Loth. Statist. Ace., xvii. 78. Palice of Honour, i. 19. From the severe exercise of a pedlar who travels on foot, the chapman's drouth is a phrase for hunger, prov. 2. To char by, to turn aside. S. as ane bull dois and rare A.-S. ceapman, Sw. kaepman, a merchant. Hence Lyke rummesing Quhen he escapis hurt one the altare, the name of Copenhagen, anciently Coupmanliouin ; And charris by the axe with his nek wycht, Knox's Hist., 20.; i.e. The merchant's Capmanhoven, p. Gif oue the forhede the dynt hittis not richt. or Chapman's Haven. Doug. Virgil, 46. 15. " Tall of clever A. Bor. "char the or turn CHAPPAN, adj. stature, ;" cow," stop her, Eay ; " from A.-S. to to turn divertere Gl. Picken, also lusty." Ed. cerr-an, turn, from, ; Ayrs., expl. Isl. Su.-G. vi 1813. keir-a, koer-a, pellere. This must be merely a Scottish modification of the CHAR. On char, to a side. E. used in the first sense. word chopping The day was dawing wele I knew, - Ane schot wyndo unschet ane litel on char, CHAPPED BY, pret. Persauyt the mornyug bla, wan and bar. he would be on him and "He thought revenged ; Doug. Virgil, 202. 24. so him the host a and at an outside chapped by little, Pallas than throw gird Bheteus the king, watched him." Fol. Ed. Edit. Pitscottie, p. 130; As he on cace glaid by on char fleing, 1768-201. Not in Ed. 1814. Ibid., 330. 31. I do not know if this be used in the sense of E. chop, This is certainly the same with E. a jar. A.-S. as when it is said that the wind chops about. V. CHAP cerre, turning, bending, winding; a bending of the yont. road, a side-way. CHAPTERLY, adv. A presbytery is said to To CHAR. Char doute. be chapterly met or convened, when all the Thynkis quhat gladschip ws abidis, members are present, S.; formerly written Gift that we may, as weil betydis, CJiaptourly. Haiff wictour of our fayis her. " For thar is nane than, fer na ner, On the 16th of January, 1554-5, he held a chaptour In all thys laud that ws char doute. of heralds, chaptmirly convened, in the abbey of Haly- Barbour, viii. 257. MS. roodhouse," &c. Chalmers's Lyndsay, i. 38. The term has been transmitted from the times of i.e. "There is none who, in this case, will dare to utter or popery; from chapter, cliaptour, "an assembly of the a complaint, murmur distrust concerning us. A.-S. to to clergy of a cathedral or collegiate church." cear-ian, complain, murmur; Su.-G. kaer-a, id., also, to accuse. In editions, gar doubt. s. of lead. CHAR, A certain quantity Perhaps A.-S. cear-ian, murmurare, is the true ori- " of the E. v. to For ane char of leid, that is to say, xxiiii fotmellis, gin jar. in this is of "thar" iiii d." Balfour's Pract., p. 87. ["Char" passage amis-reading =it it is both and Cowel expl. this phrase (referring to the Assise de needs, necessary ; meaning ety- are Ponder, Rob. III. Scot. c. 22.), as denoting "thirty mology wrong.] pigs, each pig containing six stone wanting two pound, " s. 1. carbuncle. and every stone being twelve pound. CHARBUKILL, A L. B. charr-us, Fr. charre, de plombe. Du Cange Chosin cltarbukill, cheif floure, and cedir tre. observes that charr-us sometimes occurs for carr-us, Doug. Virgil, 3. 10. Fr. char, a chariot. 2. An ulcer. It seems properly to signify a caj'i-load-full. V. CHAB, s. Carriages. The Kinkhost, the Charbucle, and worms hi the chieks. Polwart's Flyting, p. 13. V. CLEIKS. CHAR, s. Carriages. Lat. carbunculus, id. ; Fr. escarboucle, carboucle, "the Thai war sa fele quhar that thai raid, pestilent botch or sore, termed a carbuncle," Cotgr. And thair bataillis war sa braid, And swa rowme held thair gret char, CHARD, pret. V. CHIEK.

Than men that meikill ost mycht se, " Ner sa wald CHAR'D. Expl. leaning place." by quha be, " Ourtak the landis largely. You are like the dogs of Dunragget, you dow not Barbour, xi. 123. MS. unless bark you have your arse at char'd," S. Prov. ; ' ' " Mr. Pinkerton has observed that the MS. is here spoken to people when they scold with their back at corrupt," and that after char, a blank space is left for a wall, "Kelly, p. 383. C 1 1 A [411] CHA

this constellation was his symbol. Atlantic, ap. Ihre, s. chariot Fr. id. CHARE, A ; char, vo. Km-/. he Ane rial chare richely arrayit sent, It seems scarcely probable that it was denominated With twa sterne stedis tlierin yfere. yokit from Charles the Great ; as the name Charlewain 215. 29. Dmuj. Virytt, Currus, Virg. appears to have been unknown to the ancient Germans. They simply called this constellation, the wain ; Alem- CHARE, *. Care, charge. uuagan. Germ, wagen; or, according to Luther, wagen. Was the auld name ? Colin, say you, shepherd's stern, Amos, v. 8. Teut. waegen, arctos, plaustrum, s befallen blame ? Had he of what you ony tro simile plans ; Kilian. he chiel or chare I sydus Heard ye nae word, gin had Or he a that had the yellow hair < jo s. Ross's Helfnore, p. 73. CHARNAILL BANDIS, pi. Strong used for doors or i.e., "Had he any son or ward of his own, any one hinges massy gates, riveted, under his care f" Formed like E. from A.-S. of charie, and often having a plate, on each side the or solicitus. car, cura, cearig, E. are still called E. a a and Mr. gate ; centre-hinges. They char, signifies turn, job ; is, by Topke, is now derived from A.-S. cyr-an, vertere. He views it as charnell-bands, S., although the word to tern. Divers. 192. equivalent Purley, II., nearly obsolete. A wricht he the suttellast at thar was, s. tuk, CHARGES, pi. And ordand him to saw the burd in " twa, is to ministers of that our it Thir two sortes of men, that say, Be the myd streit, nane mycht ga ; it full fast and the word, and the poore, together with the schooles, On charnaill bandis nald sone, when order shall be taken thereanent, must be SUB- Syne fyld with clay as na thing had beyne done. of the kirk therefore Wallace, vii. 1152. MS. teyned upon the charges ; and must be made how, and by whom such Edit. 1648 and 1673, Cornell, bands. Fr. charniere, provision " summes must be lifted. First Buik of Discipline, c. "a hinge, a turning joint; also, a certain device or 8, 1. engine, whereby a wooden leg or arm is made to move ;" "Rents," Marg. Fr. charge, pension, rente; Diet. Cotgr. Chardonnereau, "the barre of a doore; the Trev. band, or that runnes on the hindge- peece, plate," along side of some doors; ibid. To CHARK, v. n. 1. To make a grating 8. Prob. a or noise, as the teeth do, when grinding any CIIARNALE, hinge turning gritty substance, accidentally mingled with joint. a with a with a charnale." one's food, Dumfr. Chirke, q. v., synon. "Item, ring paddokstane, Collect, of Inventories, p. 10. Gower uses charke to express the grating of a door. Corr. perhaps from Fr. charniere, a hinge or turning There is no dore, whiche charke may joint. In this sense charnaill had been used in S. as \Vher of an eye shulde vnshet, &c. early as the age of Henry the Minstrel. V. CHARXAILL Conf. Amantis, L. iv. F. 79, b. BANDS. 2. To be to be con- habitually complaining, CHARRIS. V. CHAR, v. stantly in a querulous humour, ibid. CHARTER-HOUSS, s. The name given to s. for ane barrell CHARKAR, Charkaris, ;" the monastery of the Carthusians. Aberd. A. V. 16. Reg. 1535, "And vtheris quhatsumeuir qnhilkis pertenit to Qu. if a metaph. use of Teut. karcker, prison, as the Freris, to the Blak Freris or Predicatouris, or to applied to the hoops which confine a barrel ? the Freris Minoris or Franciscane, or to the Quhite of with the Freris of the said burght Perth ; togidder *. or of the Charter-houss situat CHARKER, A cricket, Dumfr. yairdis, monasterie, place " beside the samin Acts Ja. VI., 1587, Ed. Probably from A.-S. cearc-ian, stridere, to create, burgh." 500. to make a noise, to charke, or chirke," Somner. 1814, p. It is not surprising that this should be, as it appears CHARLE WAN, CHARLEWATNE, s. The still to have been, the vulgar pronunciation. But it is that it should have had the sanction of Par- constellation Ursa also called the singular, Major, liament, and been continued such writers as S. by Plough, Spotswood. I need scarcely say, that this term has no charter-house in its The Pleuch, and the poles, the planettis began, connection with a common signifi- The Son, the seuin sternes, and the Charie wane. cation. It is evidently corr. from Fr. chartereuse, the b. Doug. Virgil, 239. 2. house in which the Carthusians resided ; Diet. Trev. took the name of Chartreux from a Rudd. thinks that it was so called, "q. Caroli They Chartreuse, in in which bishop of Grenoble, pktustrum, honour perhaps of Charlemagne, who village Dauphiny, Hugues, first began the and which continued gave to S. Bruno, the founder of this order, A. 1086. friendship league, " so long between the French and Scots. s. A for But tliis designation is by no means peculiar to S., CHARTOUR, place holding nor is there any reason to suppose that it originated writings. here. In A.-S. this constellation was called carleas- "Ane tyne [tin] chartour weyand four pund tua wagn, whence E. Charles's ttxiin Su.-G. Charlswain, ; vnsis. Aberd. Reg. Lat. chartar-ium, cnartophy- karlwar/n, Dan. karlvogn. Foreign writers have also lacium. supposed that the name was given in honour of Charle- magne, as the Romans had their Julium Sidus. But CHARVE, adj. Great, Orkn. this opinion, as Ihre has observed, is not supported by s. The of chess. any ancient authority. Rudbeck pretends that, in CHAS, game the early age, Northern deity Thor was called Karl; "Ane quhite polk of greit chas men of bane," i.e. and as " that, he was represented as sitting in a chariot, chess-men made of bone. Ane litel grene polk with and his exercising empire over the stars and thunder, sum rluu men." Inventories, A. 1578, p. 238. CHA [412] CHA

L. B. CHASBOL, CHESBOL, CHESBOAVE, s. Pop- However, castificare se signifies, se castum ex- hibere, servare, Du Cange. py; pi. chasbollis. "Aid Tarquine gef nay ansuer to the messanger, hot To CHASTIZE, v. a. To abridge. tuike his staf, and syne past throcht his and garclin, "Both these rooms were chastized of their length quhar that he gat ony chasbollis that greu hie, he towards the west, and the two galleries brought for- straik the heidis fra them vitht his staf, and did no wards," &c. Craufurd's Univ. Edin., p. 152. to the litil chasbollis." 146. thyng Compl." S., p. Evidently a metaph. use of the E. v. This word is spelled chesbollis in the parallel passage of Ballentine's Livy, MS." Gl. Compl. CHASUBYL, s. The same with CHESYBIL. To the walkryf dragoun mete gaif sche, That the in the To v. a. 1. To bruise S. kepiug goldyn appillis tre, CHAT, slightly, ; Strynkland to him the wak hony swete. synon. chack. And sleperye chesbowe sede to walkin his sprete. Doug. Viryil, 117. 7. 2. To chafe. Thus are said to be chatted The chesbow hedes oft we se goods in the or i.e. S. Bow down thare knoppis, sowpit in thar grane. carriage, by friction, chafed, Qulien thay are ohargit with the heuy rane. Ibid., 292. 7. CHAT THE. In both places Virg. uses papaver. Eudd. entirely Quod I, Churle, ga chat the, and chide with ane vthir. overlooks this word. Doug. Virgil, 239, a. 30. E. cheese bowls, papavera hort. according to Skinner, He wald haif lufit, scho wald not lat him, For all his lokkis from some supposed resemblance to the vessels used yellow ; by those who make cheeses. He chereist hir, scho bad gae chat him, Scho him not twa clokkis. In Gloss. Compl. Fr. ciboule, Ital. cipolla, are men- compt tioned as of the same Chr. Kirk, st. 4. meaning. But by mistake ; for This has his these words signify "a hollow leek, a chiboll." V. been rendered, to go about business, to take care of from Goth, curare Cotgr. The poppy is denominated in Belg. slaap-boll, himself, skot-a, ; from its resemblance of a the Callander. But the sense Rudd. is bowl, q. bowl causing " perhaps given by more natural Coles ; hang thyself." He adds from ; sleep. " " It is not improbable, however, that chesbol is formed Chat signifies the gallows in the canting language. Grose writes from Fr. chasse poulx, wild black hellebore, or bears- chates. Class. Diet. As A. Bor. chat foot from chasser and or a small Gl.) it be ; poulx pouls, to drive away signifies twig, (Grose's may equiva- the as lent to S. widdie, a a withe or pulse ; being accounted a poisonous herb. This halter, properly twig. to Chat is being the meaning of the Fr. name of hellebore, our According Shirrefs, "sometimes a cant name for the Gl. Aberd. forefathers might transfer it to poppy, because of the gallows," similiarity of its effects. How Doug, mentions it as " s. The given to "walkin the dragon's sprete," is not easily con- CHATON, CHATTON, beazill, collet, ceivable as the was to lull or ; design him. head, broadest part of a ring, &c., where- CHASE, s. in the stone is set," Cotgr. Fr. "The Lord Seytoun, without ony occasioun offered "A peril sett; four small diamantis sett in ane unto him, brak a chase upoun Alexander Quhytlaw, as pece. A chaton without a stane." Inventories, A. they came from Prestoun, and ceissit not to persew 1578, p. 265. him till he came to the toun of Ormistoun." Knox. "A chatton without ane emerald." Ibid., p. 267. p. 159. v. a. to a or as of a To To shatter, break Perhaps shaft, handle, whip ; or the CHATTER, barrel of a : for Fr. chasse is used in both senses into small to gun ; suddenly pieces, Aberd.; chasse-messe, a firelock. Shatter, E. CHASER, s. A ram that has only one tes- CHATTY-PUSS, s, A term used in calling ticle, Selkirks. to a cat, Roxb. Evidently of the same "I into Geordie at the West jinkit Allan's, Port, with v. where I had often been origin Cheet, q. afore, when selling my eild ewes and chasers." Brownie of ii. Bodsbeck, 26. To CHATTLE, v. n. To nibble, to chew s. condition. CHASS, Case, feebly, Ettr. For. The lordis was and weill blyth, welcummyt Wallace, This may be a diminutive from A.-S. ceow-an, or Thaukand God off this fair chass. gret happy Teut. kauw-en, kouw-en, id. mordere. Wallace, via. 414. MS. s. A blow, a To CHASTY, v. a. To chastise, to correct. CHAUDMALLET, beating, relic Aberd. ; a of ChaudmelU, v. Bot sen thow spekys sa rudly, evidently q. It is gret skyll men chftsly *. A sudden broil or Thai proud wordis, till that thou knaw CHAUDMELLE', The and it as thow rycht, bow aw. quarrel. ix. 751. MS. Barbour, is thus It expl. by Skene ; "InLatine Rixa ; ane Fr. chasti-er, Teut. id. leastij-en, hoat suddaine tuilyie, or debaite, quhilk is opponed as contrair to fore-thoucht fellonie." De Verb. To v. a. To make chaste. Sign. CHASTIFY, Fr. cliaude, hot, and meslee, melee, broil ; q. a broil thair be sum hes "Hesayis quha chastifeit thame arising from the heat of passion; L. B. chaudimelia, seluis for the kingdome of heauen, quhairbie he de- Calida Melleia, Du Cange. V. MELLE. claris that thay astrict tham seluis to perpetual con- tinencie and chastitie." Nicol Burue, F. 65, b. CHAUD-PEECE, s. Gonorrhoea. meant as like Perhaps strictly signifying emasculare, The snuff and the snout, the chaudpeece. Fr. chastr-er. Polwarfs Flyting. V. CLEIKS. CHA [413] CHE

" Fr. rliniule-pliuif, is thus defined, Diet. Trcv., Espece I'll maintain there's no such anither mistreSB in do makulic autremeut Le the whole if a I'se qu'on appclle gonorrhco. country ; and she has gien ye llyte, mot do cluMul-plsse a quolque chose d'obscene. warrant ye were cheap oft." Petticoat Tales, i. 281. It is borrowed from the idea of any kind of gooda, . Merchandize. CHAUFFRAY, considered as cheap at the price for which they have Then the to the in been coilyear wat charcoill by, purchased ; of being used for at. Thus, by a To mak his chanjfry reddy, singular figure, a person is said to be cheap, in relation Agaue the morne airly. to because something disagreeable that has happened ; Rauf Coilyear, B. y. b. it is believed that his conduct had been as it were a id. Chaucer from to Chqgare, ; A.-S. ceapian, buy, price already paid for something worse. also to sell. Wat, for went. CHEARY, CHEERIE, adj. Cheerful, S. . Roxb. CHAUKS, A sluice, ; synon. Flews; What and joy wad it gie, or pleasure perhaps q. what chacks, i.e., checks re- Were ye but as cheary as they ? Picken's 18. strains the water, when apt to overflow. Poems, 1788, p.

. 1. To CHAUM, v. n. To chew voraciously, to CHEATRIE, CHEATRY, Deceit, fraud, eat up, Ettr. For. S. "The Lords ordained to be carried to the Isl. kiammi, maxilla, tiams-a, buccas volutare, kiamt, them motio maxillarum. Trone, and both their lugs to be nailed to it, and to stand there till 12 with a paper on their breasts, bear- CHAUVE, adj. A term denoting that ing Tiheir cheatry, falshood, and unfaithfulness to their " trust." i. colour in black cattle when white hair is Fountainhall, 359. mixed with black pretty equally hair." Surv. 2. The act of cheating, fraud, deceit in mer- Nairn and Moray. cantile dealings, play, or otherwise, S. " " Thus old Satchels observes : 2. Also applied to a swarthy person when " In every science there is some cheatry. pale." Ibid. Hist. Same of Scot, p. 39. It is undoubtedly the same with Haw, Haave, q. v. For Chauoe is always pron. as if written with the CHEATRIE, CIIEATUY, adj. Fraudful, deceit- " Gr. x- ful a cheatrie to ; body," one addicted S. CHAVELING, SHAVELIN, . A tool used cheating, "It a by cartwrights and coachmakers, for smooth- was merry warld when every man held his ain wi' his ain and when the side hollow or circular wood, with gear grip, country ing S.; synon. wasna fashed wi' warrants and and Aberd. poindings appriz- Spokeshave, ings, and a' that cheatry craft." Rob Roy, ii. 258. "For the takin of his & strik- wranguss swerdis, 2. tharof on an Applied to the means used for S.; ing chaveling." Aberd. Keg. A. 1548. V. " deception, as in the old adage, Cheatrie game '11 aye A.-S. a instrument Teut. scafa, shaving ; schaiie, kythe," i.e. false play will shew itself sooner dolabra, planula, from schau-en, to smooth with a or later. plane. Schnueling and schaeffeling denote what is smoothed " off, a shaviny ; Belg. schaaveling, id. schaaf, Whatna fearfu' image is that like a corpse out o' a plane. a tomb, that's making a' this rippet for the cheatrie instruments o' pen and ink, when a dying man is at To v. a. To fret, to CHAW, gnaw. the last gasp?" The Entail, ii. 103. I am God hewit are not to seek the Tybris, wattry and haw, We origin, as Johnson conjec- as tliou with Quhilk, seis, mony iawp and jaw tures in regard to E. cheat, in escheat, because of the Bettis thir the bankis brayis, cluiwing donn. frauds frequently practised in procuring escheats; but Doug. Virgil, 241. 50. in A.-S. ceatt, circumventio ; Su.-G. kyt-a, mutare, Ihre dolose Seren. Cheatrie 2. To provoke, to vex, S. permutare, ; imponere, may indeed be viewed as compounded of A.-S. ceatt, Thus it is used frequently ; "That chaws him," it and dives in circumventio, ric, ; q. "rich deceit." frets or vexes him, Lanarks., loth. Fr. choiU, "disappointed, frustrated," Cotgr. CHEAT-THE-WUDDIE, adj. Defrauding Rudd. derives this from E. chew. But it is chaw, the of its S. allied gallows rightful prey, probably to O. Fr. chaloir, to put in pain. Ne cheat-the-wuddie here on m'eu chault ; it does not vex me. Rom. de la Rose. "You, ye rogue, you your venture in the tolbooth o' Glasgow ? What d'ye To o. a. 1. CHAW, To chew, S. as in E. think's the value o' your head?" Rob Roy, ii. 203. V. WIDDIB. 2. To fret or cut by attrition, Aberd. CHEATS, CHITS, *. The sweet-bread. Chits CHEAP O'T, a Scottish idiom and commonly ap- nears, a common dish in S., i.e. Kidneys plied to one who well deserves affront and sweet-breads. ^ any or misfortune he has met with Furthermore I have ; q. cheap of expended it. Vast sums, to wit, for washing, lodging, diet, For pauches, saucers, sheepheads, cheats, plackpyes. "And sure I am it's doing him an honour him or his Watson** Coll., i. 2. V. FOURHOCBS.

CHECK, s. A bird. V. CHACK. CHE [414] CHE

She never will come back! Waesucks ! I doubt s. A box on the ear, a blow CHECKSPAIL, You've hurt baudrans wi' wet clout. from poor your lang on the cheek or chops, q. cheek-play, Cheat I Cheat! waesucks, I doubt poor thing she's dead. Fife. Falls of Clyde, p. 169. Teut. spel, also spiel, ludus. Cheekspool, There seems to be little reason to doubt that this is from Fr. the name to this CHEDHER, s. Cliedher Male, an unintelligi- chat, given animal. ble Chart. S" Andr. V. CHUDEEME. phrase, CHEFFROUN, s. A piece of ornamental seem to denote the measure in S. called a It might head dress for ladies. V. SCHAFFKOUN. chauther or chaldron, L. B. celdra, did not Male itself, to the structure of the the according passage, regard CHEIF-SCHIMMEIS, s. A principal dwell- measure or weight. ing-place, or manor-house. CHEECKIE, CHEEKIE, CHECKIE, adj. Full "Ordinand the castell of Doune foirsaid the messuage and cheif-schimmeis of the said of cunning, Aberd.; also, bold, impudent. Erincipall>rdschip." Acts Ja. VI., 1581, Ed. 1814, p. 235. D'ye mind yon night ye measur'd snouts This is rather a tautology. V . CHEM YS. Wi' Nick himsel' ? Yet cheeckie slink't auld sittie Cloots CHEIFTYME, . Reign, q. the time of one's Wi' ? quick leg-bail or Tarras's Poems, p. 41. being chief sovereign. In the of Charlis that chosin Teut. kecke, fallacia, dolus. chieftyme chiftane, Thair fell aue ferlyfull flan within thay fellis wyde. To CHEEK, v. a. To flatter," Gl. Shifrefs, Rauf Coilyear, Aij. a. Aberd. To v. a. To divide CHEIM, equally ; espe- Teut. to manti- kaeck-en, signifies pilfer, suppilare, cially in cutting down the backbone of an Cheeckie. culari ; or from the same origin with animal, S. B, the the side of the Roxb. CHEEK of Fire, 6re, This, I suspect, is merely a corr. of the E. v. chine, used in the same from the Ingle-cheek, synon. sense, chine, backbone. Fr. eschin-er. CHEEK FOR CHOW, cheek by jole, S. To CHEIP, CHEPE, v. n. 1. To peep, to Gang cheek for chow, whare'er we stray, as birds in S. By sable night, or glare o' day, chirp, young the nest, Cheepe, Nor scoul ahint our backs. O. E. Macaulay's Poems, p. 146. V. CHOI/. "The garruling of the stirlene, gait the sparrou s. S. CHEEK-BLADE, The cheek-bone, cheip." Compl. S., p. 60. Some hungry tykes falls by the ears, Als fele, wrinkis and turnys can sche mak, tears As dois the swallo with her From others cheekUades collops ; plumes blak, About the licking of the looms, Gadderand the small morsellis est and west, Before the beast to shambles comes. To bere hir birdis chepand in thare nest. Cleland's Poems, p. 77. Doug. Virgil, 427. 5. " There is life in a mussel as as she To CHEEM, v. a. To knock one down, Orkn. lang cheeps." Ramsay's S. Prov., p. 71. it denoted a stroke on the Perhaps originally chops, Johnson defines chirp, as if it invariably denoted a maxilla. from Isl. kiammi, cheerful sound, q. cheer up. This idea, however, is not suggested by cheip. CHEERER, s. A glass of spirits and warm 2. To with a shrill and feeble S. water, South of S., Ayrs. squeak voice, "To themselves "D" you think I wad come and ask you to go to (the Scottish) the woods and hills of their were out the Bruce keep company with ony bit English rider, that sups on country pointed by great " as their safest bulwarks and the maxim of the toasted cheese and a cheerer of rum toddy ? Monas- ; that it was ' better to hear the lark tery, i. 18. Douglasses, sing than the mouse "This, and some other desultory conversation, served cheep,' was adopted by every border chief." Pref. LXXVI. V. also as a shoeing-horn to draw on another cup of ale and Minstrelsy Border, Hume's Hist. another cheerer, as Dinmont termed it in his Douglas, p. 259. " country of and water. ii. 46. phrase, brandy Guy Mannering, 3. " To mutter ; to man, S. When we had discussed one cheerer, I began, as applied metaph. Thair we were both birzing the sugar for the second, to speak wyfls hes maistery, That dar with a circumbendibus about my resignation," &c. thay nawayis cheip. Bannatyne Poems, p. 179, st. 7. The Provost, p. 351. 4. To creak. In this sense shoes are said to CHEESEHAKE, s. A frame for drying when retain the music of the cheeses when newly made, S. V. HAKE. cheip, they last. A door is also said to cheip, when the CHEESE-RACK, s. The same with Cheese- sound, occasioned by its motion, grates on hake, S. the ear, S. My kirnstaff now stands gizzen'd at the door, According to Sibb. this word is formed from the My cheese-rack toom that ne'er was toom before. sound. But I would rather refer it to to Fergusson's Poems, ii. 3. Belg. tjilpen, chirp; 'T getjilp Kan musschen, the chirping of spar- rows. Isl. used CHEET, interj. The call directed to a cat, keip-ar, to denote the causeless mur- of murs children, has considerable resemblance ; when one wishes her to approach, S. It is Puerorum vagitus et querelae sine causa, G. Andr., p. generally doubled. 142. CHE [415] CHE

Y him ther he CHEIP, s. This admits of the same various brought ches, He gave me ten schilling. as the v. significations Sir Trittrem, p. 36. st. 55. It is also used in a general sense, to denote noise of Bower gives the following advice, as expressed by any kind. "I did not hear a cheip ;" i.e. There was one in the vulgar language, concerning the conduct of not the least noise, S. Rehoboam, king of Israel. Kyngia state giff you will lede, s. A the Till CHEIF, CHEEP, whisper, slightest aid menms coniull tak gude hede : hint or innuendo, S. Roboam his kyngdam lesit, Yonge mennis consul! for he chesit. "The loons did na tell father, nor did young my Scotichron., Lib. xiv. c. 4. he hear a cheep o' the matter, till puir Drouthy was at the mou' o' the an' his skirliii' like mad." 2. used in an sense. cave, pipes To appoint ; oblique St. iii. 212. Kathleen, A tournament thai ches. Sir Trittrem. " CHEIPER, s. The bog Iris; so called, because i.e. They appointed a tournay," Gl. It is used in sense 1. by R. Brunne, p. 66. children make a shrill noise with its leaves, After Harald thei ches. Roxb. Saynt Edward, kyng Moes-G. ket-an, A.-S. ceos-an, cys-an, Alem. Belg. s. an insect denomi- kiit-en, Su.-G. kes-a,, id. Chauc., chtae. CHEIPER, The cricket, ; nated from the noise it makes, Loth. To CHEITLE, v. n. To chirp, to chatter or This is an insect of favourable omen. For when warble; applied to the sounds emitted by a come to a it betokens cheeper house, good luck, small birds when sit their Roxb. they upon young, or feed them, Kinross, Perths. CHEEPING, s. Shrill S. CHEIPING, squeaking, It must be viewed as radically the same with Teut. This occurs in one of old collec- Urquhart's strange quedel-en, garrire, modular! ; minutizare, gutturire ; tion of in while ne retains the of Alem. lamentari Armor, to whis- phrases, which, spirit ijuitil-on, ; chwitell-a, he far him in to Rabelais, outdoes variety. tle, also to hiss ; C. B. ccUhl-u, to sing, to chirp, " us also the of the He gave example philosopher, warble ; cathyl, a tonation, melody. who, when he thought most seriously to have with- himself far from drawn into a solitary privacy, the CHEITRES, Dunbar, Maitland Poems, p. 48. clutterments of the confused world, the better ruffling Read chekis, to improve his theory, to contrive, comment and ratio- his utmost endeavours to cinate, was, notwithstanding CHEK, s. 1. Cheek. Douglas. free himself from all untoward noises, surrounded and environ'd about so with the of barking currs, bawling 2. The post of a gate. of mastiffs, bleating of sheep, prating of parrots, tailing Oft with the ram the porte is schaik and duschyt, of jackdaws, grunting of swine, girning of boars, yelp- Doun bet yet chekis, and bandis all to fruschyt. of foxes, of cats, of mice, ing mewing cheeping squeak- Doug. Virgil, 55. 27. ing of weasils, clucking of moorfowls, cucking of i.e. gate-posts. In the same sense the posts of a cuckows, bumling of bees, rammage of hawks, chirming door are still called the door-cheeks, S. of linots, whicking of pigs, gushing of hogs, curring of of of pigeons, curkling quails, crackling crows, CHEKER, CHECKER, s. The exchequer. nuzzing of camels, wheening of whelps, buzzing of "All schirefs sould yearlie in thecheker: or dromedaries, mioling of tygers, bruzzing of bears, compeir of of ane sufficient depute for him : haueand power to sweare sussing [1. fulling] kitnings [killings], clamring for him : and in his saull : vnder the paine of ten scarfes, whimpring of fullmarts, boing of buffalos, punds, and tynsell of his office at the will." drintling of turkies, coniating of storks, frantling of Kings Stat. Rob. III., c. 26. Norm. Fr. eschequier. peacocks, fronting of cormorants, cigling of locusts, of of of charming beagles, gnarring puppies, snarling s. A kind of of of CHELIDERECT, serpent. messens, rantling rats, guerieting apes, snuttering Thair wes the and th' of monkies, piohng of pelicanes, quecking of ducks, Viper, Aspect, With the that he was much more troubled, than if he had been serpent Cheliderect, Quhois stink is felt afar. in the middle of the crowd at the fair of Fontenoy or SureFi Pilg., Watson's Coll., ii. 21. Niort." Rabelais, B. iii. p. 106, 107. The account given by Cotgr. of Chelydre, Fr., corres- Some of these words are Scottish ; others seem to with that of Burel : "A most venomous and have been made to serve the of the ponds purpose expressing or stinking snake, serpent ; rough-skaled, broad- sound emitted by the different animals, as nearly as " headed, and of a darke tawny colour, Lat. clielydrus, His in this is possible. ingenuity respect certainly Gr. testudo marina item venenatus Rabelais has nine \c\<-$i>fs, ; serpens ; unparalleled. only phrases ; Urqu- ex x e ^""> testudo, et vSap, aqua. hart has swelled the number to seventy-one. CHEMAGE'. Wallace, ix. 14. To CHEIPS, v. a. To buy or sell. Sobyr Luna, in flowyng off the se, The lairds that drank and guid wyn, ale, When brycht Phoebus is in his chemagi, AT now faine to drink smattis ; The bulys courss so takin had his place, the and the Thay top beir, cheips meil, And Jupiter was in the crabbis face. The ladie saw is the aittis. In edit. 1648, 1673, chemes hie, i.e., high dwelling. Maitland Poems, p. 189. This seems the true in MS. as A.-S. reading, although given ceap-an, emere, vendere ; whence E. cheap-en. above. The whole passage is obscure. V. CHEMYS. It is not improbable that this may be the origin of the v. chaups. V. CHAP, v. 3. CHEMER, s. A loose upper garment. A chemer for till hele his To CHEISS, CHES, CHESE. 1. To wed, CHEIS, his had he then Apon armour ; choose. And annyt weill, als war his men. CHE [416] CHE

With that he kest of his cJiemer, This sobir manys resauit him, but leis. in a And hynt hand stalwart sper. And saying this, the mychty gret Enee Barbour, xvi. 580. 601. MS. Within his narrow chymtncs ledis he. Edit. 1620, chimmer. V. CHYMOFR. Doug. Virgil, 254. 46. 54. V. HANTS. [Fr. Chamarre, "a loose and light gowne (and lesse s. pi. Canons to properly, a cloake), that may Be worn aswash, or CHENNONIS, belonging a cathedral. skarfe-wise ;" Cotgr.] Perfytelie thir Pik mawis as for priouris, s. CHEMYS, CHYMES, CHYMMES, CHYMIS, With thair partie habitis, present thame thair. chief as the All kin chennonis eik of uthir ordouris A dwelling ; manor-house of a ; All manor of the less and the mair. landed or the of a religioun, proprietor, palace prince. JJoulate, i. 15. MS. Fr. chanoine. It is that Baron-courts should be held at enjoined CHENYIE, CHENYE', s. A chain. the Chemys, as the residence of the Baron himself. " " Than he his sodiours serche and seike First and foremost, quhere court sould be halden, gart Bessus, vas in the and vas brocht and led their aucht to compeir at ane certaine place, within quha gottyn forest, in ane befor Alexander." the Baronie (tlie quhilk place is called the Chemys) the bundyn chenye kyng Compl. S. 188. Fr. id. V. YE. Baillie of the Baronie, with sufficient power, be letter p. chaine, term, and seale of the with his his Baron, Clerks, Serjand, Hanged in Chenyle, hung in chains. and lawfull and sufficient soytours." Baron Courts, c. " He was sentenced to be in on the 1, s. 1. hanr/ed chenyie till his rot." MS. Abst. Mac- The mychty grete Enee gallowlee corpse (1637) laurin's Crim. Within his narrow chymmes ledis he. Cas. XL. Doug. Virgil, 254. 54. Tectum, Virg. To CHEPE. v. n. To chirp. V. CHEIP. When the phrase, tecta pauperis Evandri, occurs a few s. lines before, it is rendered "Evandrus pure lugeyng." CHERITIE, CHERITE', But this was to owing the poverty of the prince him- "And to the minister serwing the cure at the said self. It was still the best residence he had. kirk of Halyruidhous, tua hundrcth merkis money and It denotes the of the Latin who thrie chalderis palace kyng ; wictuell, viz. ane calder quheit, ane Callis the cheif ledaris of his menye, chalder beir, and ane chalder aittis, with the cheritie." Chargeand thay suld in his police conuene, Acts Ja. VI., 1606, Ed. 1814, p. 332. Vnto the rial chymes. Ibid. 369, 28. "Tua chalderis of beir wyth dowbill cherite, the of the chalder " It is even used for the palace of Jupiter, Ibid. 317. price twelf poundis saxtene sh. Aberd. 40. 1543. V. 18. Reg." A., "The chemise or principall messuage sould not be Ane boll of bair [barley, or big] with the chereteis,' devidit nor gevin in name of dowrie or tierce to the ibid. but sould remane all and haill It is also used as a woman, undevydit with " participle. the air, quha thairfoir is oblist to big or give to hir ane Ane boll of beer chereteid stuff," ibid. Cheritie uther messuage." Balfour's Pract., p. 109. Meal is also mentioned in some old deeds,

derives it ; but the sense is lost. Rudd. from Fr. chemise, a shirt ; Sibb. Ayrs. It seem that the renders it "houses or cottages standing separately," might term had originally denoted it the or of the Fr. deducing from Teut. hammeys, Dan. hiemmes, Fr. driving carriage grain ; charretee, a hameaux, hamlets. wain-load, L. B. cherreta, id. Du Cange, vo. Carrada. The with the to As chemys has the form of a s. pi., I have thought phrase, cheritie, appears correspond that our word might be traced to Arm. chem, cham, with the language of a Chart. A., 1248. In quolibet thorn, choum, chemel, a habitation, whence Bullet de- homine tenente hospitium, imam quartam avenae, & in crastino rives Fr. chom-er, to rest, to stop. He observes that Nativitatis Domini unum panem panetariae & Heb. a wall et carretum. This is Du cliomah, signifies ; Chin, chom, a palace : gallinas, expl. by Cange, Praestatio carretti nostris Arab, chamet, a tent, chama, to cover, chamai, to pro- charette. Where there was no it was thus Chart. tect. Hence he derives Hisp. cama, a lodging. The carriage, expressed, A. 1185. latter seems immediately from L. B. cama, a bed, lee- Absque roagio, [a toll for supporting a road] messione, tus, Isidor. & carreto. Ibid. Since this I have observed that A arises, however, from the writing article, Mr. difficulty" following Pinkertou the same clause ; To & deliuer aucht firlottis of malt with- gives materially derivation ; from pay " " out chereties as well as the chom, Arm. to dwell. Hence," he adds, it would yierlie," Aberd. Reg. ; from seem is chum, a college word for co-habitant, chamber phrase, chereteid stuff, which would seem to refer to some and of companion." Maitland Poems, Note, p. 392. peculiar superior mode preparation or But there is reason to believe that the resemblance dressing at the mill. is merely accidental, and that the term is from 0. Fr. If this idea should be adopted, we might view the chesmez, the principal house on an estate, that which term as a modification of Gael, scaradh, a separation, is inhabited the lord or from to by proprietor. Du Cange, de- sr/artha, separated, scar-am, sgar-am, separate ; Mansura C. B. to out. fining Capitale, says ; Quod vulgo Caput Mansi, ysgariad, separation, ysgarth-u, purge nostris, Chefmez. Under the article Caput Mansi, he The chereteis, with the beir, might thus be the sittings, observes that chef mols occurs in the same sense in or what was separated from the pure grain. Norm. Fr. He also mentions Qiiiemez as a variation. v. n. To emit a As in S. is in some To sound, Kaims places the name of a village, CHERK, grating perhaps it may have originally been used as denoting South of S. the mansion-house which have stood there. might The croaking raven soar'd on high, Chef mez is the translation of merely caput mansi, Thick, thick the cherking weasels ran ; from 0. Fr. and chef, head, mez, mats, mois, which At hand she heard the howlets cry, seem corr. from mansus. Chef-mtts. Quelques uns An' groans as of a dying man. ecrivent Mountain 12. chef-mais, chef-mois. C'est le principal manoir ffoffff's Bard, p. V. CHJKK. d'une succession. Diet. Trev. CHERRY of Tay, the name formerly given It is worthy of observation, that Douglas uses chemys and as terms to a of sea-fish in the frith of manys perfectly synon. ; applying both species Tay. " to the residence of Evander. This our town of Dundee, situat on the river Tay, CHE [417] CHE

hath been ever famous for the abundance of that little Ten shillings in the year. fish termed for its excellencie the Cherry of Tay, Bumbaleery bizz : Round about the catched here. It is likcst (if not a species) to the wheat-stack, And in the so it in a delicious amang pizz (pease). Whyting ; but surpassing taste, that hardly it can be so called." Mercur. Caled. A. Fr. chasse, "that thing, or part of a thing, wherein another is enchased 10(31, p. 39. ;" Cotgr. This is supposed to be the smelt, S. fpirliny. Such was the of adulation that the s. A cheese-vat, S. O. Ches- spirit pervaded CHESSART, country after the restoration of Charles II. that this is Cheswirt, Fife. " " sirt, enumerated the state miracles that wel- " among After the curd has been continued in the or comed the blissful return of this boyn prince. vat, till it has become hard, it is put into the chetsart or cheese-vat." Agr. Surv. Ayrs., p. 453. Synon. with CHESBOW, . The V. CHASBOL. poppy. Kaisart, q. v. To v. a. To choose. V. CHEIS. CHESE, CHESSEL, s. A cheese-vat, the same with and Chessart Nithsd. CHESOP, s. Abbrev. of Cheswell, ;

CHESYBIL, CHESABILL, . An ecclesias- tical dress ; O. E. chesuble, chasuble, a kind mains of Nithsdale Song, p. 286. of cope, a short vestment without sleeves, which a wears at s. Popish priest mass ; CHESSFORD, CHEESEFOBD, The mould Phillips. in which cheese is made, Roxb. Synon., Ane-other chesybil he gave alsiia. Chizzard and Kaisart, S. B. Wyntown, ii 6. 156. Can this be corr. from A.-S. cysefaet, id. "Item, ane chesabill of purpour velvet with the &c. stoyle," Coll. of Inventories, A. 1545, p. 58. To CHESSOUN, v. a. To subject to blame, L. B. casula, casubla, casubula ; Belg. kasuyfet, Fr. to accuse. casuble, id. a little cope. He is sa ful of justice, richt and ressoun, I lufe him in CHESOP, *. An ecclesiastical dress; abbrev. not ocht that will me chessmm. Priest of PMis, Pink. S. P. Repr., i. 39. from Chesybil, q. v. i.e., that will subject me to an accusation. "Tua haill standis of claith of gold, that is to Fr. say, achoisonn-er, to accuse, to pick a quarrel against, tua four &c. Aberd. Cent. chesopis, tunnaklis," Reg. Cotgr. This seems to be formed from Lat. accuso.

. CHESSOUN, CHESOWNE, Blame, accusation ; CHESS, *. 1. The frame of wood for a exception. a sash, S. window, Thus be yow ay ane example men tais : Both the S. and E. word seem derived from Fr. as al And ye say than and sundrie sayis : id. chassis, If that ye think richt, or yit ressoun, To that I can, nor na man, have chessoun. 2. The iron frame which surrounds types, after And that ye think unressoun, or wrang, Wee al and sundrie the samin they are set for the press, S. sings sang. Priests of Peblis, S. P. Repr., i. p. 7. Fr. chassis also signifies a "printer's tympane ;" Efter this tail in us sal not taint Cotgr. ye ; Nor yit of our justice to mak ane plaint. And afterward sa did this CHESS, s. The quarter or smaller King but chessmm ; any On him micht na man of ressoun. division of an cut plenie apple, pear, &c., regularly Ibid., p. 15. into : "The chess or lith of an Mr. Pinkerton pieces orange," interrogatively renders it, opposition. one of the But it is evidently from Fr. achoison, which not divisions of it, Roxb. only signifies occasion, choice, election, but also, accusation. "In the same kind of measure are almost all the Thus the : meaning is "The king did as he had pro- which still continue to popular rhymes be repeated by mised, without accused of children in their being injustice by anyone." ring-dances ; such as, s. I've a cherry, I've a chess, CHEST, Frequently used for a coffin, S. I've a bonny blue glass, &c. " The marquis' friends lift his corps frae Dundee, to the notes here under the his chest covered generally sung placed with a black taffeta." Spalding, i. 52. Fragment of the genuine Caedmon." Sibbald's Chron. iv. LIX. To CHEST, v. a. To inclose in a S. An coffin, ingenious correspondent in the county of Roxb. V. KIST, s. and v. has transmitted to me this ancient rhyme, as common- ly repeated. CHESTER, s. 1. The name given to a cir- I've a cherry, I've a chess; cular fortification, in some of S. I've a blue parts bonny glass ; are I've a the "There several circular fortifications, called dog among corn ; Chester*, which bear evident marks of Blaw, Willy Buckhorn : great antiquity. I've I've are all similar to each and wheat, rye ; They other, much about I've the four and milk white same size ; 40 or 50 diameter. twenty kye ; being nearly yards The tane's broken-backit, The outer wall or enclosure for some of them have Tin' ivst's a' hackit. evident marks of smaller, but enclosures The and irregular leddy the red coat within consists of a rude mass of and small throw the large Coming ferry-boat ; tumbling stones, built without any regularity or order, The ferry-boat's o'er dear, and without mortar of any kind. Chester, in Gaelic, CHE [418] CHE

signifies a camp. And as the name of Gaelic original, worn by their nobility, not only of gold, but also orna- to for this as well as other reasons, I am disposed mented with precious stones. Chanfrons reaching only think that they are of greater antiquity than even to the middle of the face are called demy chanfrons." Agricola's wall, or Graham's dyke." P. Kilsyth, Stirl. "The chanfron," he adds in a Note, "is defined to Statist. Ace. xviii. 292, 293. be the fore part of the head, extending from under the I find no evidence, however, that this term is Gael. ears along the interval between the eyebrows down to It is evidently the same with the Lat. word castra, the nose." Gentleman's Dictionary. Perhaps from adopted into A.-S. in the form of ceaster, urbs, oppidum, champ and frein, the field or space for the bridle. a a a a castle : Milit. ii. 259. castrum, castellum, city, town, fort, Antiq., L. B. chamfrenum, Du Cange ; of "whence," as Somner remarks, "the termination Fr. chanfrain, chanfrein. the names of so many places in England in caster, Chester, and the like." V. K.EIR. CHEVIN, part. pa. Achieved, prospered, succeeded. 2. The designation of a number of places, such Than was he of as farm-towns in the south of S. either glaid this. by And thocht himself well chevin, or in with some other And hame he cam with blis itself, conjunction ; Thocht it was evin. word, as Manchester, White - lang quhill Highchester, Maitlana Poems, p. 363. Chester, Chesterhouse, Chesterha\\, &c. Given among words not understood, Gl. But in Wallace we find in the sense of achieved CHESTER BEAR, the name commonly chevit, chevyt, ; and A. Bor. to chieve is to succeed, which views as in and Perths. to as dis- Ray given Angus big ; derived, either from achieve, per aphaeresin, or from tinguishing it from Barley-bear, which de- Fr. chevir, to obtain. Thus "he thocht himself weil is called chevin," may signify, "he thought he had succeeded notes what in England strictly " " well, "or, come to a happy termination, as chevir Barley. also signifies to make an end. Allied to this is the " is less of farm used Chauc. : "Yvel mote he ver. Barley more or the produce every ; phrase by cheve," the kind generally sown is the Chester or rough bar- 16693. P. Perths. Stat. Ace., iii. 207. "I cheue, I bringe to an ende." Palsgr. B. iii. F. ley."" Blackford, Barley, so called, has two rows in the head like rye. 187, a. That which has more rows in the head than two is It is also used as a . in "God sende you yuell called Chester Barley. The Chester is that kind which cheuyng, whiche is a maner of cursing. Dieu vous has been most anciently sown here, and which is still met en malle sepmayne." Ibid., F. 354, b. vo. Sende. is most in request in the high grounds ; but barley thought the most advantageous crop in the low coun- CHEVISANCE, s. Procurement, means of P. Perths. Stat. xix. 351. try." Bendothy, Ace., acquiring. What the term Cheater refers to, I know not. It can be that it was from "Our lorde the sail sende his commissaris of scarcely supposed imported king " the city of that name in E. burovis in Flanderis to mak'this chevisance, &c. Acts Ja. I., A. 1425, Ed. 1814, Pref. xix. V. under Chewiss. CHESWELL, s. A cheese-vat. *. "He is gone out of the chesivell that he was made CHEVRON, A glove. ' ' who in ;" S. Prov. A reflection upon persons perk "Sir Gideon by chance letting his chevron fall to above their birth and station. Kelly, p. 141. V. the ground, the king, altho' being both stiff and old, KAISABT. stooped down and gave him his glove," &c. Scott's V. CHEWALRY. Staggering State, p. 50. CHEVELRIE,s. Cavalry. "My curse gae wi' ye, if ye gie them either fee or bountith, or sae muckle as a black o' cheeerons." CHEVERON, *. Armour for a horse's head. pair Heart of M. Loth., i. 196. In his cheveron biforne, The term was perhaps originally appropriated to a Stode as an unicorne glove made of kid leather, from Fr. chevreau, a kid. Als sharp as a thorne, An aulas of stele. To v. a. To stew, Lanarks. ; a cor- Sir Qawan and Sir Gal., ii. 4. CHEW, "It appears," says Mr. Pinker-ton, "to have been rupt provincialism. the ornament or defence of the head of a war-horse, in Distorted. the midst of which was an anlace, or sharp piece of CHEWAL, adj. steel, as is observable in miniatures and other monu- He chowis me his chewal mouth, and scheddis my lippis. ments of the times." He that it is from conjectures, Duribar, Maitland Poems, p. 48. 0. Fr. chef, as defending the head of the horse. " Chowis be either for chews or shows. V. Grose gives the following account of it : The chart- may SHEVBL, and SHOWL. fron, chamfrein, or shaffron, took its denomination from that part of the horse's head it covered, and was s. 1. Men in of what- a kind of mask of iron, copper, or brass, and sometimes CHEWALRY, arms, of jacked leather, enclosing the face and ears. Some ever rank. of these chanfrons seem to have been so contrived as ; gadryt gret chewalry, to hinder a horse from before him, seeing right perhaps Andid towart Scotland went in by. to his intimidated prevent being by any object against Barixmr, iv. 187. MS. which he might be directed, so as to cause him to start the of his From the aside, or lessen celerity charge. 2. Cavalry. centre of the forehead there sometimes issued a spike Emilius or horn, like that given by the heralds to the unicorn ; "The Romane senate create Mamercus he maid Aurelius Posthumus maister of but generally it was adorned with an escutcheon of dictator, and 342. armorial bearings, or other ornamental devices. In chevelrie." Bellend. T. Lav., p. Magister equi- several of the French historians we read of chanfrons tum, Lat. CHE [419] CHI

friends." is Dr. Johns, as 3. Courage, prowess in arms. This, however, given by illustrating the sense of "eminent, extraordinary." The croune that Ihu couth ber ; And off the croice a gret party, CHIEL, CHIELD, s. He wan throw his chemili >/. Harbour, iii. 462. MS. 1. A servant. Chamber-chiel, a servant who Fr. here transferred to armed chtvalerie, knighthood ; waits in a gentleman's chamber, a valet. men without distinction. It also signifies prowess, " He called for his chamber-chiels, and caused them illustria faciuora, Diet. Trev. to light candles, and to remain a while beside him, till he had recovered the fear and dreadour that he had CHEWALROUS, adj. Brave, gallant. taken in his sleep and dreaming. Pitscottie, 27. Throw his chewalyous p. chewalry "The Duke gave his cliamber-chiel command, that Galloway wes stonayit gretumly. he should drink no wine that but himself Barbour, ix. 686. MS. night, keep fresh, for he knew not what he had ado." Ibid., 84. This has undoubtedly been a mistake of the trans- p. criber for c/iewalrous. 2. A fellow; and, like this word, used either in O. Fr. chevaleureux, illustris, nobilis. a or bad sense com- good ; although more adv. CHEWALRUSLY, Bravely, gallantly. monly as expressive of disrespect, S. In a The King, full chewalrusly, it is He's a chield, i.e., Defendyt all his company. good sense, said, fine Barbour, iii. 89. MS. A good fellow. Chiels cloaks when 'tis To v. a. To to carry clear. CHEWYSS, compass, The fool when 'tis foul has Dane to wear. to achieve, accomplish. Ramsay's S. Prov., p. 21. In hy thai thocht thai suld him sla, In the following extracts, it is evidently used with And that thai giff mycht chewyss swa ; disrespect. Fra that thai the had king slayn. fools that and be They're slav'ry like, may free ; That thai mycht wyn the woud agayn. The chiels may a' knit up themselves for me. Barbour, viL 427. MS. V. CHEVIN. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 77. These ten lang years, wi' blood o' CHEWYSANCE, CHEWYSANS, . Acquirement, freins, The chid has paid his lawin. means of sustenance. provision, O. E. cheui- Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 27. We're sance. never out of sight for half an hour ! But some chield ay upon us keeps an ee. As I am her, at your charge, for plesance, Rosa's Helenore, p. 51. My lyflat is but honest cliewysance. Wallace, ix. 375. MS. 3. a " A stripling, young man. This sense is i.e. Supported by the of I do not bounty another, general through Scotland. But S. B. it is honourably provide for myself as I have done for- merly." applied indifferently to a young man or Quhen Wallace saw thir gud men off renown, woman. With almast hunger stad, mycht leyff no mar, Now Nory kens she in her was for thaim he guess right, Wyt he, sichit wondyr sar. But lootna that she had seen the wi't, knight ; Gud men. he said, I am the causs off this ; But at her speers, How far frae this away, At your desyr I sail amend this wyss, She thought the braes of Flaviana lay ? Or leyff you fre sum chewysans to ma. Nae near, my cheel, she says. Ibid., xi. 667, MS., also Barbour, iii. 402. Rosa's Helenore, p. 78. should be Perhaps wyss mysa. But now the gloamin coming on, And though he can so to a cloth, and can no better The chiels began to pingle. cheiiisance, Davidson's Seasons, p. 78. Nede anone winneth him vnder right mayneprise. i.e. the fellows to are P. young began quarrel. They Ploughman, Fol 107. b. V. the . distinguished, in the next line, from carln or old men. V. PLNGLE, v. CHIAK, s. A chair. The vulgar pronunci- ation resembles this S. 4. An nearly ; cheyr, appellation expressive of fondness, S. B.

The Scottis sail bruke that realme as But are the cows ? natyue ground, your am gin I may speer, weirdis (Geif fayll nocht) quhair euir this chiar is found. O never ane of them belangs to me. are the Bellend. Cron. F. it They laird's, well may his honour be : My ain gueed cheild, that sucked me full To v. n. sweet, CHICK, To make a clicking noise, And's ay kind to me, whan we chance to meet. as a watch does, S. Perhaps from Teut. Ross's Helenore, p. 78. Thia word be the same with kick-en, minimam vocem Kilian. may originally kullt, a mutire, edere, allied boy ; to which are kulla, a girl, and kulle, off- It CHICKEN W.OET,s. Chickweed,S. Alsine spring. is probable, however, that c/iiel in the first sense, is immediately a of and media, Linn. From and an corruption Child, q. v., chicken, wort, that the following senses are of later Dr. A.-S. origin. herb, wyrt, Belg. wort, q. the herb fed Percy says, he has been assured that the ballad of Oil Morice "is still on by chickens. current in many parts of Scotland, where the hero is known * universally by the name of Intimate Child Maurice, the common people CHIEF, adj. ; as, pronounced by They're very Cheild or wi' ChetldJ' Keliques, v. 1. chief ane anither," S. Synon. Grit, Thrang, Pack, Fre/, &c. CHIEL, s. Used in the sense of child, Aberd. Nearly allied to the sense of the term as used in "Chiel, child; W c/nW, with child;" Gl. Proverbs xvi. 28: "A whisperer separateth chief Shirrefs. CHI [420] CHY

the word in this form has more Perhaps affinity GUILDER, pi. 1. Children, S. Lancash. with Su.-G. hull, proles, than with A.-S. did, infans ; King Herodis thai playit into Scotland, as the Isl. us with the of both. part especially supplies origin Off yong childer that thai befor thaim fand. For we learn from Verelius, vo. Stradfiske, p. 246, that Wallace, i. 166. MS. kyll-a signifies gignere, parere. maun the childer, wi' a fastin mou', The use of this term throws on a of the Ay light phrase Grumble and greet, and make an unco mane. north of S. : Fergusson's Poems, ii. 57. This also occurs in 0. E. CHIEL or CHARE, one that a person takes a pi. Cassibalayn there uncle then was kyng, interest or to he acts as particular in, whom And founde his nephewes full honestly and wel, And nourtred them while were guardian, S. B., i.e. "a child of his own, or they chylder yong. F. a. a ward." Hardyng's Chron., 36, A.-S. cildru, pueri. Heard ye nae word, gin he had chiel or chare t "Scole, to lerne chyldre in ;" Palsgr. B. iii. F. 62, a. Ross's Helenore, p. 73. V. CHARE, s. 2. 2. Retinue, attendants. To v. a. To to wound. " CHIER, CHIER, cut, Than thai come with a flyrdome, and said that thai come for na ill of him ne his childer." Addic. He chesit a flane, as did affeir him, Through baith the chieks he thocht to chier him. Scot. Corn., p. 15. Chr. Kirk, st. 8. 3. Used to denominate servants on shipboard, Ed. Calland., Cheir, Chron. S. P. or common mariners in relation to their A.-S. scear-an, scer-an, tondere ; or ceorf-an, cearf- an, secare. Chard, which occurs in the same stanza, master. " as it agrees in signification, has been viewed as the Quhen ane master is readie with his ship to depart pret. of the v. and sail fra hame to ane uther port, and thair is sum of his childer auchtand silver in the town or countrey CHIERE, s. Chair. "Chiere of estate." quhair thay ar, the creditor may not tak the mariner Chair of state. that is his debtor furth of the said ship fra his master for the debt," &c. Balfour's Pract., p. 615. And in a chiere of estate besyde, With wingis bright, all plumyt, bot his face. CHYLD-GIFT, s. A present made to a child There sawe I sitt the blynd god Cupide. a godfather. King s Quair, iii. 21. by All the guidis, for justly thay ar thyne, Off storit throw s. thy chyld gift, grace devyne. CHIFFERS, pi. Cyphers. Colkdbie Sow, v. 889. ' ' Item, ane bed dividit equalie in claith of gold and s. of child- silvir, with drauchtes of violet and gray silk maid in CHILD-ILL, Labour, pains chifers of A, and enrichit with leiffis and branches of " bearing. holme, &c. Inventories, A. 1561, p. 136. It is also " It is the layndar, Schyr," said ane, written ibid. chiffres, That hyr child ill rycht now hes tane. a Fr. chifre, cypher. Barbour, xvi. 274. MS. " CHILD, CHYLD, *. A servant, a page. To CHIM, v. n, To take by small portions, to eat Ettr. For. Wallace sum part befor the court furth raid. nicely," With him twa that war in men douchtye deid, By the usual change of Goth, k into ch, this seems Our tuk the child Ranaldis sowme couth leid. Schyr to originate from Isl. keim-r, sapor : Saepius pro in- Wallace, iv. 24. MS. sumitur grato ; Haldorson. Dainty eating may well " be to i.e. the servant who led his baggage borne by a supposed proceed from a disagreeable taste in horse." the food. This term, in 0. E., denoted a youth, especially one s. A chief V. CHEMYS. of high birth, before he was advanced to the honour of CHYMES, dwelling. knighthood. CHYMER, CHYMOUR, s. 1. A light gown, Chyld Waweyn, Lotys sone, thulke tyme was E. Bot of tuelf yer, & the Pope of Rome bytake was cymar. Thair thair thair To Norys thoru the kyng Arture, & thulke tyme rygt, belts, broches, and rings, The Mak bair at hame pope hym tok armes, & ys owe honde made hym biggings ; Thau- thair thair knygt. R. Olouc., p. 182. hudes, chymours, garnysings ; For to agmeut thair fame. This Lot is the same with the Lothus of our historians, Maitland Poems, p. 188. of the Picts. Afterwards is called king Waweyn Syre, His goun was of a claith as quhyte as milk, i.e. Sir as in 209. Waweyn, p. His chymers were of chamelet purpure broun. sone, i. 186. The erl of oxenford he nom, and another erl al so, Henry Evergreen, And Syre Waweyn, ys syster soue, tho al was thys 2. A of dress worn and ydo. piece by archbishops when consecrated. This must certainly be traced to A.-S. did; as L. bishops Fr. all sail infans, enfant, BLisp. infant, have been, by a "They provide them selffis a chymer (that is, similar application, transferred to the heir apparent of a sattyn or taffetie gowne without lyning or sleeues) to a sovereign, i.e., one who had the prospect of advance- be worne over thair whytes at the tyme of thair conse- ment. I am inclined to think that child was occasion- cratioun." Acts Cha. I., Ed. 1814, V. 21. used as with in ally synon. squire. It seems unquestion- It also occurs 0. E., "Put of this chymer, it able that one who aspired to the honour of knighthood, mysbecometh you." Palsgr. iii. F. 361, a. before attained he had actually it, was called valet, "Fr. chamarre ; a loose and light gown (and lesse a of rank a although person and family. V. Du properly, cloak) that be worn skarfwise ; also, Cange, " may vo. Valeti. as tudded garment, Cotgr. Ital. ciamare, Belg. samare. CHI [421] CHI

Su.-G. xamaria; ita vocatur toga longior, inpnniis CHYNA,*. A chain. Bacerdotum, liaud dubie ab Hisp. zamarra, vestis pel- Stevin Lokhert for Robert lita; Hire. "Compcrit procuratour of of summond anent It may be supposed, however, that this term had its Cuninghaim Cuninghameheid oxen & ane irue &c. Act. Audit. A. 1478, origin from that superior kind of cloth, made in Ancyra, iij chyna," 73. a town of (iakitia, of the fine wool that grows on the p. the The term occurs also in 67. goats which feed near Mount Olympus. Of this p. a a &c. cloth is made, which the Latins called cymalilis, from "A pot, ij pannys, chyna, speite," [a spit] corr. o! C,r. Kvp.a, fluctus, unda, because it is waved. This is A Cheinyie. so highly esteemed by the Turks, that it is often worn s. The end of a or that by their Emperors. The Spaniards might become ac- CHINE, barrel, part with from their intercourse with the Moors the quainted it, of the staves which project beyond or Arabs. See a account of this and particular cloth, head S. chime as in E. of the wool of which it is made, as well as of the mode ; Turcic. I. " of manufacture, Busbequii Legat. Ep. p. 80, That they keep right gage, both in the length of 88. L. 81, 87, Ed. Bat. 1633. the staves, the bilg-girth, the wideness of the head, & deepness of the chine," &c. Acts Cha. II. 1661, c. 33. CHIMLEY, CHIMBLAY, CHIMLA, CHIMNEY, Nl. kani, prominula pars rei, that part of a thing s. 1. which also rostrum Haluorson. A grate. projects ; ; Chine, however, may be corr. from E. chime, cldmb, used in is ia used This the sense in which the word vulgarly the Teut. and same sense ; especially as kieme, kimme, in It is word de- S. always chimley. The dolii pronounced signify margo vasis ; and Su.-G. kim, extremum ; a is Lancash. noting chimney, pronounced chimley, Ihre. "moveabill we find mentioned, " Among heirschip," I find that, although in the edition 1814, from the ane to in, ane eulcruik, ane chimney, bag put money Records, chine occurs in the Act of Cha. II., chime is ane water-pot." Burrow Lawes, c. 125, 1. the term in the preceding act of Cha. I., Vol. V., p. And sin ye've ta'en the torn in hand, 506. See that ye do it right, Aud ilka chimly o' the house, CHYNE. V. CHOLLE. That they be dearly dight. Jamieson's Popular Batt., ii. 378. s. Gravel as the word is CHINGLE, ; pro- "In the chalmer there was a grit iron chimlay, nounced in some elsewhere cfiannel, vnder it a fyre ; other grit provisione was not sene." places, Bannatyne's Journal, p. 56. q. v. ' ' " Ane greit yrne chimblay in the hall. Inventories, "Chingle, I is the old Scotch word, A. 1578, p. 261. presume, synony- mous to the modern term channel. The name is 2. A fire-place, S. happily descriptive of the nature of the soil which is in general, a light thin earth, on a deep bed of sandy Corn, tschimbla, a chimney ; Pryce. gravel." P. Channelkirk, Berw. Statist. Ace. xiii. 384. 3. In the proper sense of E. chimney, as de- CHINGILY, S. noting "the turret raised for conveyance adj. Gravelly, ' ' of the smoke," S. In some parts it consists of a mixture of clay and loam, in some of a or kind of alto- Vernal's win's wi' bitter heavy light clay blout, in of a mixture of and a Out owre our chimlas blaw. gether, many parts clay light kind of moss, and in several it ia or Tarras's Poems, p. 63. parts gravellish sandy, or chingily." P. Halkirk, Caithn. Statist. Ace., s. 1. The S. si\., 4, 5. CHIMLEY-BRACE, mantle-piece, " The surface is not above a foot or 18 inches from 2. The beam which supports the cat-and-clay the chingle." P. Boleskine, Inverness. Statist. Ace., xx. 27. free from dirt Gl. Grose. chimneys in cottages; pron. chumla-brace, Chingle, gravel ; Teviotd. CHINK, s. A cant term for money, Gallo- CHIMLEY-CHEEKS, s. pi. The stone pillars at way. the side of a fire, S. Quoth John, "They ply their wily tools ButforthecAinfc 1 ' CHIMLA-LUG, s. The fireside, S. Davidson'* Seasons, p. 66. While frosty winds blaw in the drift, Denominated from the sound made by silver. Ben to the chimla-lug, I a wee the great folk's gift, the g]dge CHINLIE, adj. Gravelly, Moray ; same That live sae bien and snug. with and Burns, iii. 155. Channelly Chinglie. " The hard chinlie it "Dame Lugton set for him an elbow-chair by the beach at the east end, makes chimla-luy." R. Gilhaize, i. 152. probable that once the sea flowed into the loch." Shaw's Hist. Moray, p. 78. CHIMLEY-NEUCK, *. The chimney-corner, S. " CHINTIE-CHIN, *. A chin, a chin The evil spirit of the year fourteen hundred and long forty-frwa is at wark again as merrily as ever, and ilka which projects, Perths. auld wife in the chimlnj-neuck will be for knapping The first of this word seems of Gael, doctrine wi' doctors o' and the part origin ; divinity godly fathers from o' the church." probably suite, stretched, sinteach, straight, long. Tales of my Landlord, ii. 150. Chimley-miik occurs in Ben Jonson's Sad Shepherd, To CHIP, v. n. 1. A bird is said to as signifying the chimney-corner. CHYP, be when it cracks the shell. A. Where saw you her ? chipping, I' th' chimley nuik within ; shoe's there now. Bor. id. CHI [422] CHI

Chork is used to denote "the noise made the 2. To break forth from a shell or calix, S. by feet when the shoes are full of water." The rois knoppis, tetand furth thare hede, Aft have I wid thro' with Gan chyp, and kyth thare vernal lippis red. glens chorking feet, When neither nor kelt cou'd fend the weet. Doug. Virgil, 401. 19. plaid Ramsay's Poems, ii. 393. Bushes budded, and trees did chip, It is the same the And lambs by sun's approach did skip. evidently word, marked by pro- Colrnl's Mock Poems, P., ii. 3. vincial pronunciation of Loth. A.-S. cearc-ian, crepitare ; stridere, "to crash or Grain is also said to chip, when it begins to germi- to to make a to or in nate, S. gnash, creak, noise, charke, (as Chaucer's language) to chirke. Cearciend teth, dentes 3. It is metaph. applied to the preparation stridentes, chattering teeth. Cearcetung, a gnashing, or grinding crashing noise ; as of the teeth ;" Somner. necessary to the flight of a person. " Chirking, (old word) a chattering noise ;" Phillips. turned her round May Margaret about, The term is used by Chaucer in a general sense for wot a loud (I laugh laughed she) "a disagreeable sound." The egg is chipped, the bird is flown, " All full of chirking was that sory place. Ye'le'll see ua mair of young Logie.. ver. 2006. Minstrelsy Border, i. 248. Knightes Tale, Teut. circk-en, is undoubtedly allied, although in 4. The term, as to is originally referring birds, sense it more exactly corresponds to S. cheip. Circken transferred to a woman who is in the ala een mussche to as early ; titissare, pipilare ; cheip a spar- E. state of pregnancy, S. row, chirp. Sw. skiaer-a (tanderna,) to gnash the teeth, is most a term. 5. It is applied to ale, when it begins to fer- probably cognate This corresponds to the sense of the term by Pals- ment in the vat, S. O. " working grave. Chyrkyng of brydes, [Fr.] iargon ;" B. iii. F. Belg. kipp-en, to hatch, to disclose. Zo dra als de 24, a. "I chyrke, I make a noyse as myse do in a kuykens gekipt waaren ; as soon as the chickens were house." Ibid., F. 187, b. hatched. The radical idea seems to be that of breaking CHIRK, s. The sound made the or by means of a slight stroke, such as a chicken gives by teeth, the shell in from it Teut. hard bursting ; kipp-en, cudere, by any body, when rubbed obliquely icere ; kip, ictus. against another. s. snares. CHIPERIS, pi. Gins, To v. n. 1. To Roxb. CHIRL, chirp, ; synon. "Discharges all the slaying of wilde-fowl in other " Churl. menis boundis with gunnis, chiperis or other ingynes, &c. Acts Cha. Ed. Vol. I., 1814, V., 269. 2. To emit a low as birds Most allied melancholy sound, probably, gins, snares ; to Teut. perhaps do in or before a kip, decipulum, from kipp-en, capere. Fr. chepier, de- winter, storm, Clydes. notes a L. B. from the stocks. The barbs gaoler, cippus, This, as fairy were light and fleet ; well as cep-us, also signifies a net. The chirling echoes went and came. Hogg's Hunt of Eildon, p. 323. CHIPPIE-BURDIE, s. A term used in a 3. '' To warble promise made to a child, for the purpose of merrily," Clydes. The laverock chirl't his cantie sang, or it : Pll a pacifying pleasing gie you The cushat roun' them flew. chippie-burdie, Loth. Ballad, Edin. Mag., Oct. 1818, p. 327. to to Perhaps, a child's toy called a cheepie-lntrdie, from Sw. sorl-a, murmur, make a noise like running the noise made by it when the air is forced out. water, Seren. A.-S. cear-ian, ceorr-ian, queri, I have it murmurare. heard said, with considerable plausibility, that this ought to be viewed as a corr. of Fr. chapeau 4. To whistle Roxb. lorde, a cocked, or perhaps, an embroidered hat. shrilly,

s. CHIRL, s. The emission of a low melan- CHYPPYNUTIE, A mischievous spirit. single For Chyppynutie ful oft my chaftis quuik. choly sound, Clydes. Police of Honour, i. 58. V. SKBYMMORIE. CHIRLING, s. Such a sound continued, ibid. CHYRE, s. Cheer, entertainment. To v. n. To Go clois the burde and CHIRL, laugh immoderately, ; tak awa the chyre, And lok in all into almorie. Dumfr. -to kink yon ; synon. with lauchin. Duribar, Maitland 73. Poems, p. Perhaps in allusion to the sound made by a moor- fowl or when raised. CHYRE, s. A chair. partridge V. CHUBB, CHURL. Ihre, rendering the term kurra, murmurare, mentions "Sevin coverit with thairof of chyres velvet, thre Germ, kurrel-n, as synon. crammosie freinyeit with gold. Twa uther chyres coverit with blak velvet. Ane uther chyre coverit with CHIRLE, s. The double-chin; the wattles ledder." A. Inventories, 1578, p. 213. V. CHIAB. or barbs of a cock, Renfr. Wi' To CHIRK, JIRK, JIRG, CHOBK, v. n. To clippet feathers, kame an" chirle, The frae some aul' make a noise S. gamester's cock, barrel. grating ; Proclaims the morning near. A. Wilson's 82. V. CHOLER. The doors will chirk, the bands will cheep, Poems, 1790, p. The tyke will waken frae his sleep. CHIRLE, s. A small bit of Jamiesoris Popular Ball., ii. 338. any thing, espe- of edibles, Lanarks. allied to To chirk with the teeth, also actively, to chirk the teeth, cially ; perhaps to rub each them against other, S. Teut. sclrier-en, partiri. CHI [423] CHI

s. Pieces of coal of an inter- To v. n. To twitter as a CH1RLES, pi. CHIRPLE, swallow, S. B. mediate size between the largest and chows, This is which are the smallest, except what is called evidently a diminutive from the E. v. to chirp. But the of the latter is uncertain culm, Fife. origin quite ; its deduction from cheer up being unsatisfactory. The only words, that I have met with, which seem to have CHIRM, s. Chirms of grass, the early shoots the slightest resemblance, are Isl. karp-a, obgannire, to of Roxb. to grass, mutter, grumble ; and Belg. kirr-en, to chirp, Germ. This, it is supposed, has been corr. from E. germ, or girr-en, also kirr-en, gemere, murmurare. The Span- FT. germe, id. iards have preserved this Goth, term in chirr-tar, to give a false tone. To CHIRM, v. a. To warble, S. *. S. B. The zephyrs seera'd mair saft to play, CHIRPLE, A twittering note, The birds mair sweet to chirm their sang. To . n. Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 69. CHIRR, To chirp, Clydes. 0. E. id. Germ, To chirre, ; kirr-en, girr-en, to coo as a CHIRME, v.n. 1. As applied to birds, dove ; also to emit a shrill sound. it denotes the mournful sound emitted by To v. a. 1. To to them, especially when collected together, be- CHIRT, squeeze, press out,S. I saw that cruell eik but fore a storm, JS. feynd thare, dout, Thare lymmes rife and eit, as he war wod, Sa bustouslie Boreas his bugill blew, The youstir tharfra chirtand and blak bind. The dere full derne doun in the dalis drew ; Doug. Virgil, 89. 33. Small birdis flokand throw thik ronuys thrang, In and chirmynge, with cheping changit thare sang, 2. To act in a griping manner, as, in making a Sekaud hidlis and thame to hirnys hyde to ; also, or extor- Fra ferefull thuddis of the tempestuus tyde. bargain squeeze practise Doug. Virgil, 201. 20. tion. A chirting fallow, a covetous wretch, Here is used as with chirmynge synon. cheping. an extortioner ; S. 2. To without Is allied to Fr. chirp ; necessarily implying the this serr-er, id. ? I can scarcely think that it is from cherti, because idea of a melancholy note, S. dearth, scarcity ; although this implies the idea of pressure, it is not The kowschot croudis and on the pykkis ryse, natural to that the sense would The diuers suppose figurative give Stirling changis steuynnys nyse, birth to the one. The chirmis in the simple sparrow wallis clyft. " Ibid., 403. 29. 3. To squirt, or send forth suddenly," Gl. Cou'd lav'rocks at the dawning day, Sibb., Roxb. Cou'd Unties chinning frae the spray, Seren. deduces the E. . to from Sw. Compare wi' Birks of Invermay. squirt squaett-a, squaettr-a, audita effundere. Ihre renders the Fergusson's Poems, ii. 25. former, " to liquida effundere. Chirm, mutter discontentedly ;" Gl. Picken. In this sense cherme is O. E. " used, To CHIRT, v. n. To press hard at stool, S. I cherme as do whan byrdes they make a noyse a Ne'er frae thy soundin" shell again, noumber Je great togyther ; igergonne. These byrdea We'll hear thy chirtan vot'ries grane. cherme B. goodly." Palsgr. iu. F. 187, a. Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 181. 3. To fret, to be to be com- peevish, habitually To CHIRT in, v. n. To press in, S. O. S. plaining, Lads an' laughing lasses free Chirt in Bat may be, gin I live as lang to hear thy sang. A. As nae to fear the chirmin' chang Wilson's Poems, 1790, p. 205. Of gosses grave, that think nae wrang, . 1. S. And even say't, CHIRT, A squeeze, I may consent to lat them " gang, An we cou'd but get ae meenit o' him i" the wud And tak' their fate. here, it wadna be ill dune tae gi'e his craig a c/u'rt." Skinner's Misc. Poet,, 180. p. Saint Patrick, iii. 45. Fris. kriem-en, conqueri, querulum ease ; Dan. harm- er, to grieve or fret. 2. A squirt, Roxb. Rudd. derives this v. from charm, from Lat. carmen. Sibb. comes much 3. A small a chirt nearer, when he mentions A.-S. quantity ; as, of gerss, a cyrm, clamor. Junius, from C. B. Arm. garm, clamor. small of a chirt quantity grass ; of water, But the true origin is to lament lamen- Belg. kerm-en, ; to little Kilian. applied very water, Roxb. tari, quintan, Perhaps we may view as a cog- nate Isl. vox jarmr, avium, garritus. To CHIRT, v. n. Expl. in Gl. to "confine s. 1. Note to CHYRME, ; applied birds. laughter," Galloway. Around the hood-wink'd swain a' run gentill Troiane dinyne interpretoure, hooting That His fav'rite wi' vnderstandis the cours of euery ster, nymph, glad uplifted heart, Stands chirtin in a much And chyrme of euery byrdis voce on fer. corner, longing To feel his fond embrace. Doug. Virgil, 80. 12. Davidson's Seasons, p. 88. 2. A S. single chirp, As the v. to chirt signifies to press, and this conveys A chirm she heard wi' the idea of it be an use of ; muckle speed, suppression, may oblique Out o' a the hole, she shot her head, former u. But I hesitate as to this origin, in con- An' a hemlock of pushing yont shaw, sequence observing that C. B. chwerthin, signifies to Thus spoke, when she poor saw. titter Philip ; W. Richards. Owen expl. it as simply signi- Train's Poetical Reveries, p. 79. fying to laugh. CHI [424] CHI

the act of or Some CHIRURGINAR, s. Surgeon. tearing peeling. might perhaps prefer Isl. jodl-a, mfirmiter mando; G. Andr., p. 133. "Francis Deglay, chirurginar ;" Aberd. Reg. Edentuli infantis more cibum in ore volutare, Haldor- son foetus. To CHISELL, CHIZZEL, v. a. To press in ; fromjod, proles, a cheese-vat, S. O. To CHITTLE, v. n. To warble, to chatter, "Here's some ewe milk cheese, milked wi' my ain Dumfr. ; synon. Quhitter. hand, pressed and chiselled wi' my ain hand, and The lintie chittles sad in the tower fatter or feller never kitchened an honest man's cake." high wa', The wee bird's blythe whan the winter's awa. Blackw. Mag., July, 1820, p. 379. Remains of Nithsdale Song, p. 119. CHIT, *. A small bit of bread, or of any kind Shall we view this as derived from Isl. qued-a, canere, like brevis cantilena? C. B. of food, S. quedling-r, chwedl-a, is also to chatter, evidently from a common source ; as to whistle and Armor, To CHITTER, v. n. 1. To shiver, to tremble, chwythell-u, ; chwitel, sibilum, which is mentioned Ihre as a of Su.-G. S. Hence are wont to call that bit of by cognate boys quittr-a, garrire. which for after bread, they preserve eating CHIZZARD. V. KAISAKT. bathing, a cluttering piece, S. O. " Oh ! haste ye open, fear nae skaith, To CHIZZEL, v. a. To cheat, to act deceit- Else soon this storm will be my death." S. B. E. I took a light, and fast did rin fully, Chouse, To let the infant in. chittering Belg. kweezel-en, to act hypocritically; Su.-G. kius- i. 145. Ramsay's Poems, a, kos-a, to fascinate, which Ihre and Seren. view as and and look sae wan ? What gars ye shake, glowre, the origin of E. chouse and cozen. Kosen is the Sw. Your teeth hair like bristles stand. they chitter, part, pa., fascinatus. Ibid., ii. 168. s. in the west of Whare wilt thou cow'r thy chittering wing, CHOCK, A name given S., An' close e'e ? thy to the disease called the croup. Burns, iii. 150. commonly Perhaps from its tendency to produce suffocation. 2. To chatter. The teeth are said to chitter, s. A S. when they strike against each other, in con- CHOFFER, chafing-dish, Fr. to chafe a sequence of extreme cold, or of disease, S. eschauff-er, ; esclumff-ure, chafing. Belg. sitter-en, Teut. tsitter-en, tseter-en, titter-en, CHOFFING-DISH, s. The same. Germ, schutt-ern, to ; Sw. tulr-a, id. Sereu. vo. quiver "Make balls, which ye shall put on coals, in a Shiver ; Isl. titr-a, tremere, Verel. choffing-dish, and the party is to receive the fume," &c. views the Germ, word as a Wachter frequentative St. Germain's 223. motitare Royal Physician, p. from schutt-en, Belg. schudd-en, ; observing that schuddebol signifies a tremulous head. To CHOISE, CHOYSE, CHOYCE, v. a. 1. To to S. To CHITTER, v. a. To warble, to chatter, choose, elect, "We haue power till choyse a cheplaine till do divyn Galloway. " service, and till choyce an officer, &c. Seal of Cause, Wi' flutt'ring speed A. 1505. Blue Blanket, p. 57. Unto the tiled roof and chimney-tap "Heallowis not of man because he is able to do The journeying multitude in haste repair, good, but because God allowes of him, therefore, he is There to the sun's departing rays they spread made meet and able to do : when God choised thee Their little wings, an' chitter their farewell. good before all eternitie to what saw he in thee ? He Davidson's Seasons, p. 129. glorie, predestinate us in himself, Eph., i. 5." Rollock on 1 This be viewed as an sense perhaps may only oblique Thess., p. 55. v. the of the neuter ; q. to make voice to quiver in But Germ, zwitcher-n denotes the singing. chirping or 2. To prefer, S. chattering of birds. "Let such as chaise straw, be sure to put it on thick, and cause it to rise in form of a piramid, CHITTER-LILLING, s. An opprobrious pretty high " for if it lies flat it will not so well defend the rain. term used D in his address to by unbar, Maxwell's Bee-master, p. 21. Kennedy. CHOKKEIS, pronounced chouks, s. pi. The ChiUer-lilling, Buck-rilling, Lick-schilling in the Mill- the under house. Evergreen, ii. 60. st. 25. jaws ; properly, glandular parts Perhaps the same as E. chitterlin, the intestines, as the jawbones, S. Thus he who has the the next appellation is borrowed from the coarsest " king's evil, is vulgarly said to have the kind of shoes. It might indeed be compounded of cruells in his chouks." chitter and another Belg. word of the same sense, lillen, to tremble. in the choice of these But, terms, so much Kerle beheld on to the bauld Heroun, is to the sound, that we have as he was lukand doun regard paid scarcely any Vpon Fawdoun ; in data to proceed on judging of the sense. A suttell straik wpwart him tuk that tide, Wndir the chokkeis the grounden suerd gart glid, To CHITTLE, TCHITTLE, v. a. To eat corn By the gud mayle bathe halss and hys crag bayne In straik thus that sondyr ; endyt cheftayne. from the ear, off the husk with the putting Wallace, v. 148. MS. teeth, Dumfr. In Perth edit, it is chekkis, for cheeks ; in edit. This would seem allied to an Isl. v. expressive of the 1648, cloak. of birds in or Isl. the action shaking, tearing off, peeling with kalke, kialke, kialki, maxilla, jaws ; kuok,

bills : vel used with their Tvtl-a, rostro quatere, avellere ; tutl, gula, faux bruti. The term chafts, greater OHO [425] CHO

is from another latitude, as including the jaw-bones, To CHOOWOW, v. n. To grumble, to A.-S. and seem to have denoted, origin. ceac, ceoca, Fife. not only the cheek, but the jaw. V. C'HUKIS. grudge,

*. act of or CllOK-BAND, s. The small strip of leather by CHOOWOWIN', The grumbling which a bridle is fastened around the jaws grudging, ibid. of a horse, S. The form of this word is so singular, that it is not easy to trace it, one being uncertain whether to search for its under the letter K. or T. Teut. betuwe CIIOL, CHOW, s. The jole or jowl. cognates and kouwe signify fauces, whence keeuto-cn, mandere. -How and holkit is thine Ee, Now, it may possibly refer to that motion of the jaws Thy cheik bane bair, and blaikint is thy blie, which is often expressive of dissatisfaction. C. B. tuch chop, thy chol, gars niony men live chaste, Thy a and to to Thy gatie it gars us mind that we maune die. signifies grunt, tuch-aw, grunt, grumble. Or see v. Evergreen, ii. 56. st. 15. CHAW, Dr. Johns, erroneously derives E. jole from Fr. CHOPE, CHOIP, s. A This is gueule, the mouth, the throat, the gullet. Our word, CHOP, shop. while it more nearly retains the primary sound, points the vulgar pronunciation generally through- out the A.-S. the origin ; ceolf, faucis, ceolas, fauces, out S. jaws, Somner. The I is now lost in the pronunciation. "The merchandes of the earth, thayar the brutish Cheek for chow, S. cheek by jole. preastes that know not those thinges that apperteane Our laird himsell wad aft take his advice. in the out- to God ; sensuall preasteg that ar placed E'en cheek chew he'd seat him them for 'mang a', ward court that thai may eat the sinnes of the people, And tank his mind 'bout kittle points of law. sel for the who prayers and messes money ; macking Poems, ii. 12. Ramsay's house of p[r]ayer ane chop of merchandize." Tyrie's It should be chow, Refutation, Fol. 48, b. Then to a sowtar's chope he post, C s. 1. HOLER, CHULLER, CHURL, A And for a pair of schone he ast. Bot or he to double-chin, S. spent the price pay them, " His thovmbis was ou the soillis to say them. The second chiel was a swown thick, setterel, pal- Legend Bp. St. Androis, Poems Sixteenth Cent., p. 334. wi' a lach, great chuller oner his cheeks, like an ill- " " The choip under his stair." The keis [keys] of scrapit haggis." Journal from London, p. 2. the said It is in all these is chop." Aberd. Reg. A. 1543, V. 18. V. pronounced ways ; and perhaps CHAP. merely a figurative use of E. choler, because passion often appears by the inflation of the double chin. To CHORK. V. CHIRK. Hence it is also called the Flyte-pock, q. v. Or, shall we rather derive it from A.-S. ceolr, guttur, Lye? In To CHORP, v. n. To emit a creaking sound. Su.-G. this is called isterhaka, a fat chin. literally, My shoon are chorpin, my shoes creak in con- A.-S. ceol-r, (guttur), the throat. sequence of water in them, Loth. 2. the of a Chollers, pi., gills fish, Upp. Perhaps from the same origin with E. chirp (as a which Junius seems to deduce from Clydes., Roxb.; Chullers, Dumfr.; perhaps sparrow) Teut. circk-en. V. CHIRK. from some supposed resemblance between the inflation of the lungs and that of the CHOSS, *. Choice. And that thajm war set in double-chin, especially under the influence giff choss, To or to of dey, leyff cowartly, anger. Thai suld erar dey chewalrusly. CHOLLE. Barbour, iii. 264. MS. Edit. 1620, chose. V. CHOKKIS. Hathelese might here so fer into halle, CHOUKS. How chatered the cholle, the chalous on the chyne. . A Shetl. Sir Gawan and Sir Oal., i. 11. CHOUSKIE, knave, Cholle and chalous are evidently birds. For in the Apparently from Su.-G. Isl. Icusk-a, pellicere, as it is verses immediately preceding the business of a deceiver to entice others. Hire gives kounka as the Norw. form of the v. E. chouse is un- The birdes in the bowes a and most cozen. " doubtedly cognate term, probably are described as ekryking in the skowes." To v. a. To S. Cholle may be used poetically for chough. Cotgr. CHOW, chew, mentions Fr. chaulsepot as "a certain little bird." CHOW, *. 1. A mouthful of Chalous may have some affinity. Chyne seems to be CHAW, any thing from Fr. cheme, an oak. that one chews, S.

CHOOP, CHOUP, s. The fruit of the wild 2. Used, by way of eminence, for a quid of briar, Rubus tobacco, S. major ; synon. Hip, Dumfr., He took aff his bannet in his Roxb., Ayrs. and spat dune, He dightit his gab and he pried her mow. Ball. Afuirland Willie. ment o' ane Mae CHOW'D MOUSE. A worn-out person, one Nov. 201. 1820, p. whose in the shews The only terms to this are A.-S. appearance morning approaching heope, he and hiope, id. But although A. -S. c assumes the form of that has spent the night riotously. Roxb. ch in E. I do not recollect any example of this being The metaphor seems to be borrowed from the feeble the case as to h. appearance of a mouse, to which her ruthless foe has D3 CHO [426] CHU

given several gashes with her teeth, before condescend- "The great coal sold per cart, which contains 900 ing to give the coup de rjrace. weight, at 3s. 6d. The choios or smaller coal, at 2s. 9d." Statist. Ace. P. Carriden, i. 98. CHOW, s. 1. A wooden ball used in a game To v. n. To chew played with clubs, Moray, Banffs. CHOWTLE, CHUTTLE, feebly, as a child does, when its jaw-bones 2. The itself is hence denominated The game are weak, or as an old person, whose teeth are Chow. to S. gone ; mump, This be viewed as the same with what is game may Isl. jodla, infirmiter mandere ; G. Andr. He also elsewhere called shinty. The players are equally mentions/orf, jadl, as signifying, detrimentum dentium, divided. After the chow is struck off by one party, q. the failure of the teeth, p. 129. the aim of the other is to strike it back, that it may not reach the limit or goal on their side, because in this CHRISTENMASS, s. Christmas, Aberd. case lose the as soon as it crosses the they game ; and line the other party cry, Hail ! or say that it is hail, CHRISTIE, CRISTIE, s. 1. The abbrevi- as that have the In the denoting they gained victory. ation of Christopher, when a man is referred beginning of each game they are allowed to raise the S. ball a little above the level of the that they to, ground, " " may have the advantage of a surer stroke. This is Christie Armstrong." Crutie, Archie and Willie called the Deil-chap, perhaps as a contr. of devil, Batyis" [now Beattie.] Acts 1585, iii. 393. in reference to the force expended on the stroke. 2. The abbreviation of if the name of It may, however, be q. dule-chap, the blow given at Christian, the dule or goal, but in the northern man- a more S. pronounced woman ; commonly pron. q. Kirsty, ner, being changed into ee or ei. As this term is not known in that part of the country, it has been deduced CHRYSTISMESS, s. Christmas. a from Teut. deel, part, portion, or partition, q. the This Wallace Chrystismess ramaynyt thar ; blow which each has a to at the commence- party right In Laynrik oft till sport he maid repayr. of the ment play. Wallace, v. 561. Ma I hesitate, whether from the customary change of k i.e. the mass of Christ ; Cristes the A.-S. should view this as the beiiig into c!i, we originally same Cristes genitive ; as hoc, the gospel. with Dan. kolle, Teut. kolue, a bat or club ; or trace it to Isl. kwj-a, Dan. kite, cogere. CHRISTSWOORT, CHRISTMAS FLOWER, names in S. to Black Helle- CHOW, s. The jowl. V. CHOL. formerly given bore. To ch in v. " CHOWL, CHOOL, (like church}, It is said that the herb Christswoort, or Christmas n. one's to one's 1. To chowl chaffs, distort jflower, in plain English Slack Helcbore, (so called from its about this mouth, often for the purpose of provoking springing time) helpeth madnesse, dis- traction, and dulnesse. This last another to make ridiculous S. purgeth melancholy ; faces, expression minds me to caveat the Reader, not to be Most probably corr., because of the distortion of the angry at Helebore because it's called Christmas flowre ; face, from Shawl, q. v. for it, poore thing, hurts no body that lets it alone, and Herbalists are to be shent, not it spoyled, for that 2. To emit a mournful to or cry ; applied dogs name, as was the harmlesse Hawthorn tree near Glas- children. Fife. As regarding children, it senbury in Sommerset-shire in England, which being always observed to bloom so neare to this time, that always includes the idea that have no they it was reported first to budde this day, other Haw- proper reason for their whining. thorns about it remaining dead and naked, King James jestingly concluded therefrom, our old stile to be more s. A of the kind descri- CHOWL, CHOOL, cry regular than Rome's new, but others of later years bed above, a whine, ibid. more seriously concluding the thorn guilty of old super- stition, grubbed it up by the roots, and burned it to ashes which to the ears of honest CHOWPIS, pret. v. ; coming Christmas, fearing her own fate, from that of her harbingers (re- Of Caxtoun's translation of the ^Eneid Doug, says : ceiving notice by a public order), quietly retir'd, and His ornate versis mare than goldin gylt, her self alive oy the fire side of more charitable I for to se thame keep'd spitte disspite spylt Christians, accounting it more honourable to ly by a With sic ane wicht, quhilk treuly be myne entent name then dy in one. But this Bush hath almost put Knew neuir thre wordis at all quhat Virgill nient, " me from my path, &c. So fer he chmopis, I am constrenyt to flyte, This extract affords a curious of the in- The thre first bukis he has ouerhippit quyte. specimen struction communicated in the Tolbooth Church of Virgil, 5. 47. Edinburgh on Christmas or Yule-Sunday, 1670. V. Rudd. renders this "talks, prattles," as when "we Annand's Mysterium Pietatis, p. 24, 25. say, to chop logic." He views it as synon. with the "to the phrase, clip king's language," S. To CHUCK, v. a. To toss or throw any thing But this seems equivalent to the sea phrase, to chop out of the S. V. v . about, applied to the wind. The use of fer, far, and smartly hand, SHUCK, seem to fix this as the sense ouerhippit, ; perhaps CHUCK, s. A marble used at the game of from Su.-G. koep-a, pennutare, Alem. cltouft-un, id. taw, Dumfr. s. A kind of CHOWS, pi. particular coal, CHUCKET, s. A name given to the Black- smaller than the common kind, much used Island of Low's Faun. bird, Hoy, Orkney ; in S.; from Fr. choit, the forges, perhaps Oread., p. 58. name of coal. general "In winter it has only a squeaking voice, like the CHU [427] c II r

word chuck, chuck, several times whence repeated, He adds, that in Prompt. Parv. choffe or chuffe is the Hoy name." Ibid. rendered rusticug. This is certainly the same with Cufe, CHUCKIE, a. 1. A low or cant term for a q.v. hen, S. CHUFFIE-CHEEKIT, adj. Having full This may either bo from Belg. kui/l-en, a chicken, and flaccid cheeks, S. from kin/k-rn, to hatch, whence E. chick, chicken; or from chuck, rlntck, the imitative cry used in S. in CHUFFIE-CHEEKS, . A ludicrous designation fowls calling dunghill together. given to a full-faced child, S. V. CHUITV, "Awcel, aweel, that hen was na a bad ane to be bred at a town-end, though it's no like our barn-door '/iiifkies at Charlies-hope.'" Guy Maunering, iii. 102. To CHUG, v. n. To tug at an elastic sub- 2. Used in the sense of chicken. stance, Upp. Clydes. Till the chitcky leave the shell " To Chug, to Clydes. Edin. Oct. 1818, Whar it was tug," Mag., hidden, 327. It ran mi souu' the morning bell p. This seems to be the v. in a Upo' your midden. merely pronounced pecu- if liar manner, as followed t, from the double Macaulay's Poems, p. 199. perhaps vowel, as in A.-S. teog-an, Moes-G. tiuh-an, id. It thus CHUCKIE-STANE, CHUCKIE, CHUCK, s. A resembles Germ, zug, zuge, the act of drawing out, from small Alem. zeoh-an, Germ, zieh-en, trahere, attrahere. pebble, S.; a quartz crystal rounded attrition on the beach. by CHUK, s. Asellus marinus Squillam molli- This be from Teut. a may keyk-en, small flint, par- orem referens, nisi quod quatuor tantuni vus silex, Kilian. But rather, I suspect, from the pedes habeat. An qui Dumfrisiensibus the circumstance of such stones being swallowed by domestic fowls. Chuk dicitur ? Sibb. Scot., 34. " p. Quartzy nodules, or chuckle-stones, as they are vulgarly called, are very common, and are of various CHUKIS, s. pi. A disease mentioned in colours." Ure's Hist, of 268. Rutherglen, p. Roull's Cursing, MS. [CHUCKIE-STANES, CHUCKS,*. A game played The chukis, that haldis the chaftis fra chowing, at the hairt by girls. A number of pebbles are spread Golkgaliter growing. Gl. C'ompl., p. 331. on a flat stone one of them is tossed ; up, and This undoubtedly means a swelling of the jaws. The a certain number must be and the term allied gathered, seems elliptical ; probably to A. -S. ceacenn faucium the falling one caught by the same hand.] sieyle, tumor, ceac, ceoc, signifying cheek or jaw. V. CnoKKfiis. This disease is called the CHUCKLE-HEAD, s. A dolt, Aberd. buffets, Ang. Fr. bouffe, a swollen cheek.

CHUCKLE-HEADED, adj. Doltish, ibid. CHUM, s. Food, provision for the belly, This is a cant E. word Grose's Class. ; Diet. Can Clydes. Scop, synon. it have any affinity to Germ kuyghel, kugel, globus, as we Bullet-head ? sphaera ; say CHUN, s. The sprouts or germs of barley, in the process of malt; also, the shoots CHUDREME, CUDREME, . The designa- making of to in the tion of what is called a stone weight. potatoes beginning spring heap, Iste Gall., Dumfr. Pronounced as ch in cheese. sunt antique prestationes et canones, quas pre- fate ecclesie solvebant antiquitus, sciz. triginta panes v. a. To CHUN, To chun potatoes, is, in turn- deeoctos, cum antiqua mensura farine ibi apposita, them to to off triginta Caseos quorum quilibet facit Chudreme, ct ing prevent vegetation, nip octo male de Braseo, et Derchede male, et Chedher the shoots which break out from what are male. Chart. Sti Andr. Crawfurd's Officers of State, called the or Koxb. 431. een, eyes, ibid., Also p. " The Mr. Chalmers has used in in the same sense. " Chudreme," justly observed, Upp. Clydesd. is the Irish Cudthrom, the (th) being which quiescent, This is undoubtedly a very ancient word. Moes-G. signified Shaw's Diet. MacFarlane's weight. Vocab., Alem. id. 85 kein-an, us-kein-an, germinare, chin-en, To p. [r. 58.] So, Clac/i-ar-cudrim means, literally, a these verbs we ought certainly to trace, A.-S. cyn, stone-weight, punt-ar-cudrim, a pound-weight. Mac- propago, gcnimen, and Alem. ehind, kind, films, in- donald's Gael. 120. David I. to Vocab., p. granted fans. It is not ' improbable that C.B. egin, the first the monastery of Cambuskenneth viginti cwlremos ' shoot, and egin-aw, to germinate, have had a common caseis, out of his rents in Chart. Canibus. Strivling. traces to a No. 54 origin. Owen, indeed, egin tin, covering, ; Nimmo's Stirling. App. No. I. Alexander II. " what extends over. In a later age kein-a, or chin-en, made an exception of the said Cudreme, &c. Cale- seems to have received the form of Germ, keim-en, donia, I. 433, N. kiem-en, germinare, by the change of a single letter. CHUF, s. Pink. Wachter, vo. Kiem-en, refers to Lat. gemmare, Gr. "Clown," moveri ad that Kiv-clffffai, germinandum. Quhen the eA/wad me chyde, with gyrnand chaftis, 1 wild him cheik and and chereis him so ehuk, chyn, meikil, CHURCH AND MICE, a game of children, That his cheif chymmis he had I wist to my sone. said to be the same with the Sow in the Maitlana 1'oenw, p. 55. Fife; In Note, p. 392, this is rendered churl. Mr. Pinker- Kirk, q. v. V. KIRK THE GUSSIE. ton also mentions that in an old song in Pepys' Coll. 1. " Ball, it is said, To CHURM, r. a. To tune, to sing."

Soon came I to a Comishe cliu/e. Gl. CHU [428]

Let me on the rather, heathy hill, used for receiving what works over from the Far frae the busy world, whereon ne'er stood or barrel, Loth. A cottage, walk, an' churm my Lallan lays. masking-vat Davidson's Seasons, p. 55. "The air sail have ane masking-fat, ane great This seems merely the Gall. pron. of Chynne, q.v. stand, ane tub, ane gyle-fat, ane cymming, ane laid- gallon, ane wort disch, ane pitcher." Balfour's Pract., 2. To or emit a grumble, humming sound, p. 234, 235. "Ane flasche ane ane &c. Ayrs. fat, fysche fat, cumyeone," Aberd. A. 1538, V. 10. " A cuckoo-clock chicks atone side of the chim- Reg. We find what is undoubtedly the same word, in a ney-place, and the curate, smoking his pipe in an more primitive form, in several northern dialects. A. -S. elbow-chair, churms at the other." Sir A. antique Gloss, cimbing, commissuras, Schilter; Su.-G. kim, ex- Wylie, i. 209. extremitas tremum dolii ; Teut. kime, kimme, kieme, Apparently the same with CHIKME, sense 3. " of vasis, dolii, cupae, Kilian : E. chime, id., the end a barrel or tub ;" Chaucer, chinibe, expl. by Tyrwhitt, CHURME, s. Used to denote a low, murmuring " the prominent part of the staves beyond the head of and mournful conversation, ibid. a barrel." " about We all fell into a kind of religious churme Almost all empty is the tonne, the depths and wonders of nature, and the unfathom- The strerue of lif now droppeth on the chivibe. able sympathies of the heart of man." The Steam- Ver. 3893. Boat, p. 138. Hence Mod. Sax. kymer, one who refits barrels or the with the also Evidently same Chirm, Chyrm, only tubs that have been loosened ; Lsl. afkime, kimpell, of vasis pron. Ayrs. the handle of a portable vessel ; manubrium por- 144. writer tatilis sustinens ; G. Andr. This gives To v. n, 1. To CHURR, CHURL, CHIRLE, kime, as primarily signifying cymba. We still give the coo, to murmur. Sibb. writes chirle, render- name of boat to a small tub. '' it to like a South of S. Fife ing chirp sparrow," 2. A small tub or wooden vessel, Ang., ; The churlin moor-cock woes his valentine, used as synon.. with Bowie. Couring coyish to his sidelin tread. Davidson's Seasons, p. 9. CYNDIRE, s. A term denoting ten swine. Some delight to brash the heathy fells "This is the forme and maner of the pannage : for At early dawn, among the churring pouts. ilk that is, for ilk ten swine, the King sail Ibid., p. 107, cyndire, haue the best swine : and the Forester ane nog." O. E. to chirre. Junius observes that goldfinches Forrest La c. 7. Lat. cindra. tur- we, copy, are said to chirre. He renders it, gemere instar Du Cange gives no explanation of cindra, but merely it as chirnie. That it has turum ; viewing synon. with in quotes the passage. I do not find that this word been used in in the same sense with chirp, seems con- England any other language signifies a decade. The only probable from churr-worm being the name given to the jecture I can form is, that it is Gael, ciontire, tribute, fen-cricket. V. Phillips. which being first applied in the sense of pannage, as denoting the tax paid for the liberty of feeding swine 2. Used to denote the noise made cackling by in a forest, was afterwards improperly used to denote the moorfowl when raised from its seat, ten swine, as this was the number for which the duty was to be Dumfr. specified by the law paid. a cat of three as of Cimbr. kur, murmur; A.-S. ceor-ian, murmurare ; CYPRUS CAT, colours, Teut. instar turturis aut co- kor-ien, koer-ien, gemere black, brown, and white, S. Tortoise-shell lumbae ; Su.-G. surr-a, susurrum edere. cat, E. CIETEZOUR, s. A citizen. " CIRCUAT ABOUT, encircled, surrounded. The cietezmtris of Teruana in Flanderis (to quhom " said Schir thir ambassatouris first come) rycht desyrus to recouer Ffor the quhilk soume the vmquhill laide in to the said Robert ane thair lyberte, refusit nocht thir offeris." Bellend. Williame plege gar- circuat about with rubeis and diamontis, Cron. F. 30, b. nissing^ perllis, " pertenmg to our souerane lordis darrest mother, &c. CYGONIE, s. The stork. Acts Ja. VI., 1581, Ed. 1814, p. 279. For circuit ; Fr. id ; Lat. circuit-us. The Cygonie that foul so whyte, Quhilk at the serpents hes despyte, adv. Aberd. to the CIRCULYE, Circularly; Reg. Come granen ground ; And Mamuks that euer byds man*, To v. n. To agree to, or And feids into the cristal CIRCUMJACK, air, a term most Deid on the fields wer found. correspond with, W. Loth.; Burel's Pile/., Watson's Coll., ii. 27. from law-deeds Lat. probably borrowed ; Fr. cicoigne, cigogne, Lat. ciconia, id. or about. circumjac-ere, to lie round s. The or lower of a CYLE, foot, part, couple To CIRCUMVEEN, v. a. 1. or rafter Roxb. CIRCUMVENE, ; synon. Spire, To environ. This, I suppose, should be sounded q. sile. A.-S. "Thus war the enemyis sa circumvenit in the middis syl, syle, syll, basis, fulcimentum. Su.-G. sytt, funda- of Romanis, that naue of thame had eschapit, war mentum cujusvis rei. This has been traced to Moes-G. nocht the king of the Volschis began to reproche sul-jan, fundare. thame," &c. Bellend. T. Liv., p. 348-349. s. 1. CYMMING, CUMYEONE, GUMMING, 2. To circumvent. of a A large oblong vessel, square form, "Our souerane lorde annullis expreslie & dischargis about a foot or eighteen inches in depth, the effecte & tenour of the charter of Clerkland, &c. CYS [420] CLA

maid to Mungo Muire of Rowallanc, becauss his graioe In Chaucer's description of the statue of Venus, it was circumrenit thariiitill." Acts Ja. V., 1520, Ed. is said : 1814, 311, 312. A cilole in hire hand hadde she. " p. right He sayes, Let no man oppresse, oucrcome, our- Knightes Tale, ver. 1961. haile, or cireumveen another man, or defraude his brother The musyke I might knowe iu any matter." Bollock, 1 Thes., p. 173. For olde men, which sowned lowe Immediately from Lat. circumven-ire, like FT. cir- With harpe, and lute, and with cytolf. eonven-ir, which are used in both those senses. (fower, C'onf. Am., F. 189, a. Sir John Hawkins, in his History of Music, "sup- CYSTEWS, s. pi. Cistercian monks; Fr. poses it to have been a sort of Dulcimer, and that the Cistaws. name is a corruption of Lat. cintella ;" Tyrwhitt. But ciitella signifies a coffer. L. B. citola is used in the Scho in -to fowndyt Gallaway same sense with Fr. a term which occurs aue citholis, citole, Of Cystews onlyre abbay ; A. 1214. V. Du Cange. Some have supposed that ci- IMUce-cvr scho gert thaiin all, tole is corr. from Lat. Diet. Trev. That is Sweet-Hart, that Abbay call. cithara, "The instruments are Wyntcwn, viii. 8. 45. shalms, clarions, portatives, or monycords, organs, tympane drum, cymbal ; cythol, Pink. Hist. ii. 426. CITEY AN, CIETEYAN, a. A citizen, Fr. psaltery." Scotl., In the passage here referred to, the word is printed citoyen. sytholl; Palice of Honour, Scot. Poems, 1792, i. 74. "He gaiff ocoasioun to the cietet/anis thairof to s. citizen. ische out of the toun." Bellend. T. Liv., p. 26. V. ClTINER, CITINAB, A ClTINER. "Oure souerane lord disponis to ane reuerend father in God Petir bischope of Dunkeld, and to the citinerig a. The CITHARIST, harp. of the towne of Dunkeld, the privilege and liberties All thus thai with and our Ladye lofe, lyking list, grantit to the bischoppis of Dunkeld and citineri thairof and mo than I mene : Menstralis, musicians, may of befoir,"&c. Acts Ja. VI., 1606, Ed. 1814, p. 313. The Psaltry, the Citholis, the soft CUhariat, Than to ane citinar he yeid, The Croude, and the monycordis, the gythornis gay ; his to feid Quhilk send him furth swyne ; The rote, and the recordour, the ribus, the rist, For fault of fuile was full fant. The and the the but he trump, taburn, tympane tray ; Forlorne Sme, Poems Sixteenth Cent., p. 34. The lilt pype, and the lute, the cithill in fist, Fr. The dulsate, and the dulsacordis, the schalin of assay ; citoyen, id. ; citoyennerie, citizenship. full The amyable organis usit oft ; Clarions loud knellis, CIVIS, s. pi. A misnomer for an old English and Portatives, bellis, penny. Cymbaellonis in the cellis That soundis so soft. "I wadna that his name were Gordon for a hundred Ifoulate, iii. 10. civis." Perils of Man, ii. 350. As the I have given the whole passage from the Bannatyne bearing legend of Civitas, London, Eboraci, MS. in Italics the variations Ac. , marking from the printed copy, which is here very incorrect. List is printed CLAAICK, CLAUICK, CLAYOCK, s. 1. Pro- l\ft, citharist, atharift; croude, cronde; rist, rift; in the state of all the corns on a fist, and fist ; assay, affay ; portatives, portatibis ; soft, perly having oft. farm reaped, but not inned, Aberd., Banffs. Citharist is immediately, although improperly, formed from Lat. a from 2. citharieta, harper ; cithara, The entertainment given to the reapers, the Gr. KiOapa. The word as here used, however, may Aberd. have denoted the in harvest-home, guitar common with the harp ; as A.-S. cithara both this feast was made after all was cut cytere, is, by Somn. and Lye, Formerly, down. It is now most till the rendered a guitar. Germ, cither, Belg. cyter, Sw. zitra, commonly delayed whole is and covered. also all signify a guitar. The similarity of the words, crop brought home, When the harvest is it is used to denote these instruments, shews that they early finished, called the Maiden Claaick were viewed as nearly allied. And, indeed, what is a ; when late, the Carlin Claaicle. V. MAIUKN and guitar but a harp of a peculiar structure ? The Fr. CARLIN. In some parts of the north, this feast is then called the word cythariser would suggest the idea of what we now Winter, because about this time call " winter is to commence. an /Eolian harp. For it is rendered, to sing or supposed whizz as the As far as I can this word is unknown in wind ; Cotgr. learn, Gael. unless we should it to be formed from It may be added, that the Gr. name of the harp has ; suppose been supposed to originate from the resemblance of glaic, a handful, q. the last handful of the corn that is this instrument, in its full structure, to the human cut down, whence the same feast derives its name of breast, and from the emission of sound in a similar Maiden. I have met with one of this introduced manner. Juxta opinionem autem Graecprum citharae etymon term, usus fuisse ab an writer when of the Kirn. repertus Apolline creditor. Forma by" ingenious speaking In later times this feast been called a citharae initio simills fuisse traditur pectori humano, has maiden, if the harvest is finished before if quod veluti vox de pectore, ita ex ipsa cantus ederetur, Michaelmas, and after a Carlin. In some it is called the appellataque eadem de causa. Isidor. Orig. lab. 2., a. it, places Clay- ock, which is a corruption of the Gaelic Cailoch, i.e. an old woman, and is synonymous with the before-men- CITHERAPES, s. pi. The traces by which tioned Carlin." Huddlestou's Notes to Toland's Hist, a is drawn in of the Druids, p. 283. plough Orkney; Theets, thetes, It seems, however, fatal to this etymon, that in the synon. S. V. Surv. 51, 52. Agr. Orkn., p. district of Buchan, where this term is chiefly used, they not only speak of the Carlin Claaick, which would s. A musical instrument. CITHOLIS, be a gross tautology, but the term is only conjoined The Psaltery, the Citholis, the soft Citharist. with Maiden. Now, the Maiden Claaick would lite- Uoulate, iii. 10. V. CITHARIST. rally mean "the young old woman." Besides, the CLA [430] CLA

entertainment was more earlier in the for their of is still used to this as anciently given place worship, day ; season. the Highlanders more frequently say, Will ye go to the The word ia pron. Claik in Garioch. stones ? or, Have you been at the stones ? than, Will you Belg. kluchte, signifies pastime, a play or interlude. go to, or have you been at church ? Mankind, in this But I can scarcely suppose any affinity. instance, as they do in many others, retain the ancient name, while the thing signified by that name is entirely CLAAIK - CLYACK - s. The SHEAF, SHEAF, forgotten, by the gradual influence of new habits, new Maiden or last handful of corn cut down by manners, and new modes of living." P. Callander, Perths. Statist. Ace., xi. 581, N. the reapers on a farm, Aberd. Thus the origin must be Gael, clach, a stone. It is that the name in some CLAAICK-SUPPER, CLYACK-SUPPER, s. The evident, indeed, is, still to what is otherwise called a Druidi- feast about on the places, given given, thirty years ago, cal temple. of the corn on a farm " Within a few of the one cutting down ; now, yards [the Druidical monu- at there are clear of a circular that the entertainment is deferred till the ment] Borve, vestiges building, which has either been a temple adjoining this be inned, rather transferred crop inaccurately clachan, or the residence of the officiating Druids. P. to the feast of Harvest-home, ibid. Harris (Island) Statist. Ace., x. 374. There is a singular phrase commonly used in the s. A. wooden vessel. Highlands, which may perhaps claim affinity. CLAAR, large " ' She hastily exclaimed, Thus did he look whose "The smoking potatoes were emptied into a claar, name on that sad ! to tlte you bear, morning ; but oh round which one and " every promiscuously ranged, stones be it told! not so looked Glen Albin.' partook of a social, if not luxurious meal." Clan " When relating any thing calamitous, instead of Albin, i. 74, 75. a direct address to the person with whom they are eon- Gael, clar, a board, trough, &c. versing, the Highlanders tell it as an apart, exclaiming, ' To the stones be it told.'" Clan ii. 239. CLACHAN, CLAUCHANNE, CLACHEX, s. Albin, Most probably this, in Druidical times, was a in A small village which there is a parish- solemn asseveration of the an to the " truth, by appeal church, S. A village of this description is consecrated circle of stones" around which the Celtic thus denominated in on the nations worshipped, or to the deity who was supposed places bordering to reside there. or where the Gael, has " Highlands, formerly Gael, clachan, "a village, hamlet, burying-place. been spoken. Elsewhere, it is called the Shaw. kirk-town. CLACH-COAL, s. The name given to "Of lait there is croppen in amangis sum Noble- in the district of called Candle-coal, Kyle ; men, Prelates, Barronnes, and Gentil-men, in certaine Parrot-coal in Carrick and elsewhere. pairts of thisrealme, being of gude livinges, great abuse contrair the honour of the realtne, & different from the I can scarcely view this as from Gael, clach, a stone, honest frugalitie of their Fore-beares, passing to Bur- q. stone-coal, like Belg. steen-koolen. Perhaps it is rows, Townes, Clauchannes & Aile-houses with their rather allied to C. B. clec-ian, Teut. klack-en, Isl. klak-a, in thair usis to the it in houshaldes, and sum abiding awin places, clangere, as referring noise makes burning ; to buird themselves and uthers to their awin servands, as it seems, for the same reason, to be designed Par- as in hostillaries." Acts Ja. VI., 1581. Parl. 7. c. 116. rot-coal. Murray. CLACHNACUIDIN. To drink to Clachna- The first time that he met with me, Was at a Clachen in the West to drink to the town of ; cuidin, prosperity Its name, I trow, Kilbarchan be, Inverness Clachnacuidin a stone at Where Habbie's drones blew many a blast. ; being Watson's Coll., i. 11. the well in the market-place of that burgh. It must be that Gael, observed, however, clachan, The term literally signifies, "a stone to set cuids," or has beenexpl. "a circle of stones." It has been asser- "tubs, on." ted that churches were erected in the same places, which, in times of heathenism, had been consecrated To CLACHER, CLAGHER, v. n. To move to Druidical worship. onwards or get along with difficulty and "The same term is when [clachan] used, speaking in a loose manner, of many other places of worship, both in the Highlands slowly, clumsy, trailing, and low country, places where it is probable that such Loth. circles did, or do still, exist." P. Aberfoyle, Perths. * " slanderous or Statist. Ace., x. 129. CLACK, s. Expl. imperti- was called Clachan Dysart, discourse Aberd. "Glenorchay formerly" nent ;" Gl. Shirrefs, a Celtic word, signifying, The of the " Temple High- est. The place, where the parish church stands, was CLACK, s. The clapper of a mill, S.; thus the site of or of probably the Clachan, "Circle Stones," it denominated from the noise makes ; Teut. of the Druids. Dysart means The Highest properly sonora God. The founders of a church, designed for a more klack, percussio. enlightened worship, in order to induce the pagan s. Talk. V. CLEITACH. inhabitants to attend the institutions of revealed re- CLADACH, ligion, were naturally led to make choice of a situation, CLAES, pi. Clothes. V. CLAITH. the more revered by them, as being the place where had formerly been accustomed to their they perform CLAFF, s. Cleft, or part of a tree where rites of devotion." P. Glenorchay, Statist. Argyles. the branches Ace., viii. 335, 336. separate ; Galloway. " We shall leave the Druids, by only remarking, There, in the claff that the same expression, which the people then used 0' branchy oak, far frae the tread o' man, CLA [431] CLA

The has her unsocial liinl ! ring-dove nest, viscous, glutinous, sticky; which from the sense af- To woods ami wilds her she makes, cooing cry fixed to the marks the of And echo back her moan. adj. claggy, certainly origin rocks, responsive, the S. v. Davidson't Seaaont, p. 43. " Su.-G. ; Isl. fceraoruin iuturca- a. a klofii-n, ruptura kluf, CLAG, A clot, coagulation, S.; as, There from to cleave. pedo ; klyfw-a, was a great clag o' dirt sticking to his shoe." Disordered I hesitate whether this ought not to be viewed as CLAFFIE, adj. ; as, claffie hair, the sense of the dishevelled Berwicks. primary s. clog, as signifying an in- hair, ; perhaps q. cumbrance having ; also, impeachment of character. In both one lock or tuft these separated from another; instances, the transition is natural. For what is Isl. an incumbrance on property, or an as af- klyfy findo, diffindo, klafin, fissus. impeachment fecting character, but something that is burdensome, or which CLAFFIE, s. A slattern, ibid. contaminating, adheres to the one or to the other ?

. 1. Isl. massa rei CLAGr, CLAGG, An incumbrance, a bur- kltggi, compacta alicujus ; Haldorson. den on a forensic lying property ; term, S. CLAGGY, adj. Unctuous, adhesive, bespotted "And to the which judge arbitrator both the saids with mire, S. V. the v. parties have submitted, and by thir presents submite all claggs, claims, debates and contraveraiea standing . Adhesiveness in betwixt them, and specially that debate and contra- CLAGGINESS, moist or miry versie," &o. Dallas of St. Martins' Styles, p. 813. substances, S. Dear bairns o' mine, I quickly man submit to *. fate, CLAGGOK, A dirty wench, a draggle-tail, And leave you three a good estate, one whose clothes are or Which has been honourably won, clogged covered Au' handed down frae sire to son, with mire, Lyndsay. But dag or claim, for ages past. Sibb. refers to Tent, da&legat, sordida. This Ramsay's Poetns, ii. 544. puella is the form in which Binnart gives the word. But Clog and claim, although generally combined, seem with Kilian it is kladJer-gat, from to convey different ideas. The former denote a kladd-en, maculare, may and gat, perhaps in the base sense of But the claim or be podex. legally sustained, which cannot disputed ; S. word is evidently from the v. to dag, with the ter- the latter, one that may be, or has been, made, mination marking a diminutive. V. Oc, OCR. although the issue be uncertain. Bot I haue maist into More probably from the same with E. despyte origin clog ; Pure cled the E. term used in the same "a on Claggokis roiploch quhyte, being sense, doij Quhilk hes scant twa markes for an estate." their feis, Will haue twa ellia beueth thair kneis. Lyndsay's 1592. 2. of character Warkis, (Syde Taillis). p. 308. Charge, impeachment ; fault, From, the same origin with the two preceding words. or imputation of one, S. He was a man without a dag, s. "Clan or His CLAHYNNHE', CLACHIN, heart was frank without a flaw. tribe of people living in the same district Ritsm's S. Songs, i. 271. under the command of a chief." Gl. "He has nae till clag his tail," is a vulgar phrase, Wynt. Tha thre score ware signifying that there is no stain in one's character, or clannys twa, that no one can exhibit a Clahynnhl Qwhewyl, and Clarhin Yha. justly charge against him. Teut. Wyntoion, xi. 17. 9. Iclaghe, querela, accusatio. Germ, klage ; erne suit As Gael. Ir. dan denotes a Mr. gerichUicke klage, a at law ; Dan. a clan, Macpherson has klage, observed that complaint, a grievance, klage i retten kiermaal, an ingeniously A.-S. dein, Germ, klein, Belg. action or suit at klein, klain, Moes-G. klahaim all law, an accusation : Teut. klagh-en, (dat. plur.), signify small, or and in queri, accusare, Germ, klag-en. Dan. klag-er, id. Su.-G. young, children, the application to Isl. the tribes infer the klag-a, queri, conqueri, sive id sit privatim sive Highland whole clan to be descen- ante Ihre. dants of one common ancestor. He judicem ; This ingenious glossarist thinks might have added, that Gael, clam that it properly denotes the lamentation made by expressly signifies children ; Su.-G. Isl. who l.'li'n, infantulus. infants, by Ulph. are designed klahai, Luke x. 21, that and h are observing g letters of great affinity. Some derive the CLAYCHT, s. Cloth. Goth, word from Gr. itXaf-K, clamare. " It that it Ane appears was not unknown in A.-S. For coyt [coat] of claycht." Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, Hickes mentions clagles, as denoting one, qui sine est querimonia ; Gram. A.-S., p. 150. CLAYERS, CLYERS, s. pi. A disease in To v. a. To to cover with CLAG, obstruct, cows similar to Glanders in horses, Roxb. mud or any thing adhesive, S. E. This is the same " Clog, evidently with Clyre ; for, I am in- the hole in formed, that the fat in the middle Clag up the wa' wi' glaur." of the thigh of mut- " ton or beef, known the name of the The wheels are a' wi' dirt." by Pope's Eye, is claggit also " called the Clyre of the the," ibid. The name is The man kest off his febill weid of gray, obviously transferred to the in And Wallace disease, consequence of his, and payit siluer in hand. its the Pass affecting glands of the throat. V. CLYEKS. on, he said, thou art a proud merchand. The and gowii hoiss in clay that claggit was The hud CLAYIS, s. l. S. V. CLAITH. heklyt, and maid him for to pass. P Clothes, Wallace, vi. 452. MS. To In Perth edit, it is CLAIK, CLACK, v. n. 1. To by mistake claggat. CLAKE, Johns, after Skinner derives E. make a as a clog, from log But clucking noise, hen does, espe- it is evidently far more nearly allied to Dan klaey cially when provoked, S. CLA [432] CLA

The alludes to 2. To and for Zool., p. 578. designation, anatifera, cry incessantly, impatiently, any the this fancy ; literally signifying goose-bearing lepas. this sense it is often used with thing. In Even the E. name, bernacle, has been viewed as re- from wood. ac- respect to the clamorous requests made by ferring to the supposed origin For, cording to Junius, it is probably formed from barn, children, S. a son, and ac, an oak. Whatever may be in this, the in the darker availed themselves of the 3. To talk a deal in a trivial way, S.; to clergy ages great of these birds. For Bromton, E. supposed vegetable origin clack, in his Cln-onicle, when describing Ireland, says : ' ' Here there are also birds, called bernacks, which, as 4. To tattle, to stories, such espe- report silly as it were against nature, are produced from fir trees. as tend to the characters of the feed their fasts because cially injure On these religious during ; are not from coition, nor from flesh. others, S. they procreated Col. 1072, ap. Jun. " Ye needna mind comin' there's nae in, ill-tongued This word does not seem to be of Celtic origin. If iii. to ken o't, an' dock about it." Glenfergus, 17. body Lhuyd's conjecture be right with respect to Ir. gidhran, It is difficult to which of these should be determine, the word claik is most probably unknown in that lan- as first viewed as the primitive sense. The word, used, ? guage. An q. d. gedhchraln, anser arborigena is allied to Isl. avium vox ; G. klak-a, clango, propria It seems to have been supposed, in former ages, that Andr., 146. I also find Isl. klack-a, mentioned, as p. this species of goose received its name from its claik, to As used in the last sense, it is signifying prattle. or the noise it made. Hence the office of Censor illustrated Su.-G. subitus by klaek, reproach ; klaecka, General of the church is allotted to it by Holland. is to tell et levis susurrus ; Ihre. Belg. klikken, again, Corrector of Kirkine was the Clake. to inform against. clepit Houlate, i. 17. S. CLAIK, s. 1. The noise made by a hen, When the Cleck Geese leave off to clatter, And to flietch and flatter, Isl. klak, vox avium. parasites And priests, Marias to pitter patter,

And thieves from thift refrain ; 2. An idle or false ; S. report Then she that sum right thankfullie Ane by your cracks may tell, Should pay them hame again. Ye've mair than ance been at sic tricks yoursel' ; Watson's Coll., i. 48, 49. And sure if that's nae sae, the country's fu' Ket and Wi' lees, and claiks, about young you. CLAYMORE, s. 1. A two handed sword. Morison's Poems, p. 187. "See here Talisker] a Cly-more, or great two- female addicted to [at CLAIK, s. A tattling, handed sword, probably of the same kind with the in- Tacitus : Aberd. gentes gladii of the Caledonians, mentioned by an unwieldly weapon, two inches broad, doubly edged ; S. three feet seven inches of the CLAIKRIE, s. Tattling, gossiping, the length of the blade ; of a transverse handle, fourteen inches ; plain guard, v. a. bedaub or with one foot the six and a half. These To CLAIK, To dirty ; weight pounds Aberd. " long swords were the original weapons of our country, any adhesive substance, Claikit, the as appears by the figure of a soldier, found among Shirrefs. besmeared;" Gl. ruins of London, after the great fire, A. D. 1666, and is a vast preserved at Oxford : his sword of length." s. A of adhesive iv. CLAIK, quantity any dirty Pennant's Voy. Heb., p. 332. V. Montfauc. Antiq. substance, ibid. 16. Tab. x. The word is here improperly spelled. ibid. CLAIKIE, adj. Adhesive, sticky, dauby, 2. The common basket-hilted broad-sword worn s. The bernacle CLAIK, CLAKE, ; Bernicla, S. Linn. by Highlanders, Gesner ; Anas Erythropus (mas), This has long been the appropriate signification. V. Penn. Zool., p. 577. And Caddell drest, amang the rest, this of was bred in According to Boece, species goose With gun and good claymore, man, been carried about worm-eaten trees, which had by On gelding grey he rode that way, the sea. With set man. " pistols before, Restis now to speik of the geis generit of the see Tranent-Muir, Ritsoris S. Songs, ii. 80. namit clakis." Bellend. Descr. Alb., c. 14. Gael, claidamh mar, literally, "the great sword." a description of this fowl, similar to that Lesly gives Claidamh is evidently the same word with Ir. cloid- of Boece. et Ins. Scot. Descr., 35, 36. Reg. p. C. B. Armor, id. Hence also Fr. accord- heav, kledhyit, kledh, Douglas alludes to this animal, describing it anc. glaive and E. glave. Su.-G. glafwen, glaef, lancea, ing to the opinion adopted in that age. as well as Alem. must be viewed as radically the same ; All water foullis war swemand thair : L.B. gude speid glef, glev, Teut. glavie, Germ, glefen, glevtge, Alse out of treis thair saw I had a common grouand breid, glavea, id. Lat. glad-ius has obviously Fowlis that hingand be thair nebbis grew. that the root be origin. Some have supposed might Police of Honour, Hi. 88. also Su.-G. glo-a, to shine, whence glad, a burning coal, birds that about as most of the to a sword, "These, "says Pennant, "are the splendid ; designations given are borrowed from the two hundred years ago were believed to be generated in the northern languages, out of wood, or rather a species of shell that is often brightness of this weapon. found sticking to the bottom of ships, or fragments of them and were called Tree-geese. The shell here s. of a mill. ; CLAIP, The clapper meant is the lepas anatifera, Lin. syst., 668. Argen- and Cart. Priorat. de ville Conch., tab. 7. The animal that inhabits it is "Lie mylne claip happer." An. 1552. furnished with a feathered beard ; which, in a credul- Pluscarden, of the bird." V. i. A flat instrument of iron, &c. ous age, was believed to be part young CLAP, CLA [433] CLA

1. Distinct, S. B. CLAIR, adj. exact, Clayis, claise, claes, pi. Claiihs, claise, West- In Flaviana ! quo she, dwell yc there ? morel., Cumb. That of their dwelling ye're so very clair t Hir subtyll wylis gart me all floss's IleUnore, p. 67. spend my gud, Quhill that my clayis grew threid bair on my bak. Fr. clair, evident, manifest, from Lat. clar-us; Chron. S. P., iii. 237. ktaar, Su.-G. Germ, klar, id. 1 Belg. We never it to ca a thought wrang prey ; Our auld forbeers practis'd it all their days, 2. S. clar is used in the Ready, prepared, B.; And ue'er the warse, for that did set thair claite. same Dinner is i.e. Ross's Belenore, p. 122. sense, Orkney ; clar, The twa appear'd like sisters twin, ready. Dan. klar, id. In feature, form an' claes. I will Vanity sayes gae look, Burns, iii. 29. If I can a chamber get clair; A.-S. clath, cloth ; clatha, Isl. Su.-G. klaede, clothes. I am acquainted with the cook, I trow we shall get honest fair. CLAITH or WAITH. V. s. 1. PennecuiKs Poems, 1716. p. 87. V. CLARE. WAITH,

. This seems to have been To CLAIR, v. a. To beat, to maltreat. CLAITHMAN, the old for a clothier or woollen- Yell, knave, acknowledge thy offence, designation Or I and so clair thee as in a list grow crabbed, ; draper ; long of names in Eskdale, Ask mercy, make obedience, " we find that of Will claith- In time, for fear lest I forfair thee. &c., Grahame, Polwart, Watson's CM., iii. 3. man." Acts 1585, iii. 394. Clearings is used both for and for metaph. scolding To CLAIVER, v. n. To talk or beating, Clydes. q. clearing accounts. idly foolishly. In this sense it is still a common 1'U V. CLAVER. phrase ; gi'e you your clearings, S. CLAM, adj. 1. Clammy, S. Belg. Mam, id. To CLAIR, v. n. To search by raking or 2. Moist. Ice is said to be clam, or rather scratching, Berwicks. To clair for, and to claum, when beginning to melt with the sun clair out, are used ib. V. synonymously, or otherwise, and not to be slid S. CLART, and CLAT. easy upon, Teut. klam, tenax ; et humidus. CLAIRSHOE, *. A musical instrument CLAM, CLAME, s. 1. A the CLAM-SHELL, scollop resembling harp. shell, S. Ostrea Linn. " opercularis, O. much in They delight musick, but chiefly in harpes Subrufus of Pennant. and clairshoes of their owne fashion. The of strings sorts the clairshoes are made of brasse "Many of fishes are caught on the coast; wire, and the strings of the lobsters, crabs, clams, and harps of sinews." Monipennie's Scot. Chron., limpits, periwinkles." P. Banffs. Statist. iii. 46. p. 5, 6. Fordyce, Ace., Auritae valvis the It is this perhaps that is called the Clarche dissimilibus, Pectines, Clames. Pipe ; Sibb. 27. q. v. V. also CLARESHAW. Scot., p. Pecten tenuis subrufus. Our fishers call them Clams. Sibb. 135. Pecten Red s. V. CLART. Fife, p. subrufus, Scallop, N. CLAIRT, Because now Scotland of thy begging irks, Thou in clothes. V. CLAITH. shaips France to be Knicht of the feild CLAISE, Thou has thy clam shells and thy burdoun keild Ilk way's unhonest, Wolrun, that thow works. s. 1. CLAISTER, Any sticky or adhesive Kennedy, Evergreen, ii. 70. st 23. composition, Roxb. Here there is an evident allusion to the accoutre- ments of a Pilgrim. The burdoun is the pilgrim's staff. 2. A person bedaubed with mire, ibid. In the same poem we have another allusion to the from a scallop as a necessary badge. Undoubtedly, common origin with Isl. klislr, Dan. lutum Tak thee a fiddle or a flute to klister, gluten, ; most probably a term bor- jest, clouted rowed from the Danes of Northumberland, for it does Thy cloak, thy scrip and dam-schells, not seem to occur in A.-S. Cleik on thy cross, and fair on into France. Su.-G. klieter, id., klintr-a, P. 74. st. 33. glutine compingere ; Germ, kleiss-en, adhaerescere. "The scallop was commonly worn by pilgrims on To v. a. To their or the CLAISTER, bedaub, ibid. hat, cap of their coat, as a mark that they had crossed the sea in their way to the Holy Laud, or some CLAITH, CLAYTH, s. Cloth, S. Westmorel. distant object of devotion." Encyclop. Brit. vo. " Ane Pecten. Another idea has been thrown out on this tailyeour can nocht mak ane garment, bot of " head : Like the of with the clayth. A masone can nocht ane bot of pontifical usage sealing byg wall, lyme fisherman's and stane. Bot God maid rin, it was probably in allusion to the almychty heuin and erd former and all occupation of the apostles, that such as went in creatouris thairin, of nathing, quhilk he did be to the shrine of St. Peter at or hia almychty powar." Hamiltoun's Catechisme pilgrimage Rome, to Abp. that of ht. James at 1552, Fol. 89, a. Compostella, were distinguished by escallop-shells." Brydson's View of Ben Jonson introduces claithed Heraldry, as the language of p. SL. one of his characters of the vulgar north countree : These were called St. James's [or Jamie'>} heU: And here he comes, new claithed, like a prince Sanct Jameis schells on the tothir Of swme'ards ! syd sheis, sike he seems ! dight i' the spoiles As as Of those he feedes. pretty ony partane Sad Toe, Shepherd. On Symmye and his Bruder. CLA [434] CLA

clam or is to snatch or : to thay Sanct Jameis schells [To glam, grasp eagerly Syne clengit in the of treis claum or is to or grasp as dark.] And pecis palm ; glaum, grope To see best the pardoun spells ; quha a I sohrew thame that ay seiss CLAMANT, adj. 1. Having powerful plea Bot lauchter. of "This is a clamant Chron. S. P., i. 360, 361. necessity; as, very seea. seems S. Sheis, shews, i.e. appear ; seisx, Clengit case, it be that the the Reverend Mr. has q. clangit, rung. Thus, may supposed, My learned friend, Todd, struck their shells one if it an E. word the fol- pilgrims occasionally against claimed this as were ; giving if had been another. These are described as they lowing quotation from Thomson : itinerant venders of indulgences. Instant o'er his shivering thought to their It would seem, that they were wont paint Comes winter unprovided, and a train be more con- scallops and staffs red, that they might Of clamant children dear. when he Seasons; v. 351. spicuous. To this custom Kennedy alludes, Autumn, But did not con- says that Dunbar had his keild. they By what he adds, however, it appears that he is not this colour as from the fine themselves to ; appears satisfied with the justness of his claim. For he says, them. account that Warton gives of "A word perhaps coined Thomson." in our old by Speaking of these dramas, which writings I can find no evidence, indeed, that this word has to are called Clerk- Playis, he observes that, according ever been used by E. writers. And the use of it by in France from the Boileau, they had their origin " Thomson is no more a proof that it is an E. word, than " he who ancient pilgrimages. The Pilgrims," says, that of some which have been quoted by Johnson, and other esteemed returned from Jerusalem, places affords a similar proof, because he found them em- adventures ; holy, composed songs on their intermixing another S. writer, Dr. Arbuthnot. of ployed by recitals of passages in the life of Christ, descriptions Although I have not marked any example of the use of miracles and his crucifixion, of the day of judgment, of clamant, in this sense, before the last century, it is which were recommended martyrdoms. To these tales, very commonly used with respect to any case of great and a of the by a pathetic chant, variety gesticulations, necessity, in the language of our country, and especially of Visions. of the multitude gave the name in and credulity and petitions representations. These itinerants travelled in companies ; pious Thus all the earth's claims on man, tho' loud and strong, stations in the most streets, and taking their public Tho' forcible and clamant, are repell'd. in their and their hats singing with their staff's hands, Macaulay's Poems, p. 6. and em- and mantles fantastically adorned with shells formed a sort of blems painted in various colours, 2. aggravated, so as to call aloud for II. 373. Highly theatrical spectacle." Hist. Poet., been denomi- One might suppose that this shell had vengeance. internal sur- fill the measure of our nated from the peculiar smoothness of the "I see courses taken to up it is called or kam- there is a of our mouths as face (V. Clam) ; as in Germ, kam, iniquity, while wiping that maustur, from its resemblance to a comb, Lat. pecten. if we had done nothing amiss -at least, nothing of it has received this name from and horrid heinousness as I suspect, however, that hateful nature, indispensably use to which it was by pil- calls for a clear and continued testimony against the the peculiar appropriated " their mantles. For 0. wickedness thereof. M 'Ward's grims, especially for adorning clament Contendings, cloake to Fr. esdamme, is "a long and thicke riding p. 2. R. clamant. cloake or Lat. out. bear off the raine ; a Pilgrim's mantle," Cotgr. Fr. clamant, damans, crying " 2. In a wild sound to be made pi. supposed CLAMANCV, s. Urgency, arising from neces- by goblins in the air." sity, S. "The uncoest soun' cam' doun the cleugh ye ever heard. I was for thinking at first it was the clawm- s. 1. wha wad CLAMEHEWIT, CLAW-MY-HEWIT, shelh, or the houlets an' the wullcats tryin' A stoke, a S. mak the loudest scraigh." Saint Patrick, i. 167. drubbing, of Frae a stark Lochaber aix This denomination is given, in the upper ward in the with a He a clamehewit Lanarks., to a spirit, heard flying air, gat Fu' sair that night. rattling similar to that of shells. Fergusson's Poems, ii. 29. to action be sae as middle wi' the CLAM, adj. Mean, low; applied any "Thinks I, an' I sou'd gnib did nae brak some o' the chiels which is reckoned This is a thing that my taes, unworthy. very clamiheuit to lat a raught at me, an' gi' me a common school-term in might from Edinburgh. snib me free comin that gate agen." Journal it have As being properly a school-boy's word, may London, p. 8. as originated in the use of the Lat. clam, primarily ap- A dammy-heuit fell'd him or plied to any thing which was clandestinely done, Hauf dead that day. their Misc. 131. which the pupils wished to hide from preceptor. Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Poet, p. But V. CLEM. 2. A misfortune, Ang. To v. n. To or head an CLAM, CLAUM, grope grasp Qu. claw my heved, or load, scratch my ; ineffectually, Ayrs. ironical expression. had not lain in that when I felt, "I long posture, . 1. like CLANJAMFKIE, as I thought, a hand claming over the bed-clothes CLAMJAMPHRIE, of to denote worthless a temptation, and it was past the compass my power A term used low, people, it could be." The Steam-Boat, 301. to think what p. or those who are viewed in this light, S. be a of This may merely provincial variety glaum, the co- "But maun help me to catch v. It however, be allied to Isl. klemm-a, now, hinny, ye q. may, maun on behind for we maun off whence klaumb-r, contorquens beast, and ye get me, arctare, compingere ; be Teut. like whittrets before the whole clanjamfray down aut tenendas, G. Andr. ; klemm-en, comprimenda rest will no be far off." " bed-clothes as if us the of them Guy arctare, q. grasping the pinching upon them." Mannering, ii. 29. CLA [436] CLA

" 'And what will if I carcna to thraw the ye do, keys, CLAMPER, s. 1. A piece of metal with or draw the bolts, or the to sic a open grate clanjam- vessel is which a mended ; also, that which frief said the old dame scofhngly." Tales of my is thus Landlord, i. 173, 174. patched up, S. "A gang of play-actors came. They were the first 2. Used as to of that cliiiij'inifi-ii/ who had ever been in the parish." metaph. arguments formerly Annals of the Parish, p. 292. answered. "Clnnjiiiii/i-iii/, mob. Anglic^, Tag-rag and bob- " They bring to Christ's grave, or such a meeting as tail." Gl. Antiquary. this, a number of old clampers, pat [patched ?] and clouted and vexes a with what 2. Frequently used to denote the purse-proud arguments, meeting Christ solved to the ministers Si Christians of Scotland S. In this sense it vulgar, conveys nearly since is it ? 20 years ; and why Christ fashed with now the same idea as E. trumpery, when contemp- Christ takes it ill in such a day, for ministers or pro- fessors to be him with such old that tuously applied to persons. troubling clampers, he dang the bottom out of 30 years ago." M. Brace's 3. Clamjamfry is used in Teviotd. in the sense Lectures, &c., p. 27, 28. *' Isl. fibula, subscus ; klombrur, subscudes ; of Did till the klampi, trumpery ; as, you stop " " klambr-a, qtiam rudissime cumulare vel construere, sc. was done ? A' was sell'd but the roup parietem ; Haldorson. clamjamfry." 3. A patched up handle for crimination. " 4. Nonsensical talk, West of Fife. Nowe he supposed he had done w h his advcrsaryes for ever : but his were restless, and sc As this term is not only pron. clanjamphrie, but adversaryes " found out a newe this occasion. Mem . clamjamphrie, it has been supposed that this may be a clamper uppon of Dr. Spottiswood, p. 61. corr. of clam-gentry, a term which might be applied to As Germ, klemper-n signifies to beat metal, the idea the pilgrims, in former ages, who wore clams, or scallop- " seems to be to hammer at." shells, as their badge. But perhaps it is rather allied something to Jamph. v. CLAMPERS, s. pi. A sort of pincers used Clanjamph is sometimes used in the same sense with in the of for bulls and other clanjamphrie Lanarks. ; as if it castrating quadrupeds, higher parts " were compounded of clan and the v. tojamph, to spend Roxb. Clams, synon. Clamps, andirons. time idly, or jampher, q. "the clan of idlers." The Northumb. ;" Grose. termination may be viewed as expressive of abundance. V. JAMPH, and EIE, RY, termination. Teut. klamp-en, harpagine apprehendere, unco de- tinere Kilian. ; klampe, uncus, harpago, compages ; CLAMYNG, climbing, Aberd. Reg. s. A of iron worn on the To CLAMPET, piece CLAMP, CLAMPER, r. . 1. To make a forepart of the sole of a shoe, for fencing it. noise with the shoes in walking, especially Roxb. when are they studded with nails, S. Teut. klampe, retinaculum ; or klompe, so lea lignea. 2. To crowd things as of wood- together, pieces CLAMP-KILL, s. A kill built of sods for en with a Dumfr. furniture, noise, Clackmannans. Lazie- burning lime, ; synon. Isl. a clot of Hamper, ice. This, however, may per- haps be viewed as the same with the kill, Clydesd. radically pre- " ceding. Both may originally refer to the noise made When the uncalcined lime stone is imported, the in beating metals. farmers burn it in what is called clamp-kilns, which are built round or oblong with sods and earth, and situated s. CLAMP, A heavy footstep or tread ? upon or near the fields that are to be manured." Agr. Speak, was I made to dree the ladin Surv. Clackm., p. 311. O Gaelic chairman heavy treadin, Qu. a kill clamped up in the roughest manner. Wha in my tender buke bore holes Wi' s. 1. sort of waefV tackets i' the soals CLAMS, pi. A strong pincers 0' broggs, whilk on my body tramp, used for large nails, And wound like death at ilka 1 by ship-wrights, drawing clamp B. Fergusson'a Poems, ii. 68, 69. S. To CLAMP v. UP, CLAMPER, a. 1. To 2. Pincers of iron employed for castrating to make or in patch, mend a clumsy man- horses, bulls, &c., Roxb. ner, S. 3. kind of made of wood A vice, generally ; Syne clampit up Sanct Peter's keiss, of different for Bot of ane auld reid gartane. used by artificers, classes, Symmye and his Chron. S. i. 360. Bruder, P., holding any thing fast, S. 2. to accusations. Industriously patch up 4. The term seems used metaph. to denote the instrument, resembling a forceps, employed in 1 bishopp. weighing gold. Dr. Spottiswood, p. 71. The brightest gold that e'er I saw Germ. metallum Was in the clams. klempern, malleo tundere ; klfm- grippet pener, one who for Shirrcfa' Poems, p. 860. patches up toys children ; Isl. Idampuslegr, rudis et G. Andr. to in inartificiosus, Sw. Belg. klemm-en, stringere, arctare, pinch ; dm klamp, of let any shapeless piece wood, klampiy, clumsy ; Tclem zyn, to be at a pinch ; de Idem quyt rtmken, to Isl. klimpa, massa, Verel. go one's hold ; Sewel. CLA [436] CLA

Dan. a of or His clansmen are Iclemme-jern, pair nippers pincers ; from slaughtered or taken, to like all to be free. klemm-er, pinch ; Sw. klaemm-a, to pinch, to squeeze. For, him, they fought Ibid., ii. 422. Lan- CLANGLUMSHOUS, adj. Sulky, To CLAP THE HEAD, to commend, rather arks. to the clan of those who ; q. belonging as implying the idea of flattery, S. glumsh, or look sour. V. GLUMSH. May rowth of pleasures light upon you lang, Till to the blest bow'rs Elysiau ye gang, s. blow that CLANK, A sharp causes a Wha've clapt my head sae brawly for my sang. ii. 321. noise, S. Ramsay's Poems, Some ramm'd their noddles wi' a s. stroke clank, CLAP, A ; Dedis clap, the stroke E'en like a thick-scull'd lord, of death. On posts that day. i. 280. He the suerd his Ramsay's Poems, eschapit by hap ; Bot not at this time so the dedis Probably from Teut. klanck, clangor, because of the clap. 326. noise it occasions. V. CLINK. Doug. Virgil, 53. Belg. klap, & slap, a box on the ear. To CLANK, v. a. 1. To a S. give sharp stroke, s. in CLAP, A moment ; a clap, instantane- He clanked ower the head Piercy It often the idea of unex- A deep wound and a sair. ously. conveys iit 20 21. Minstrelsy Border, ; also, p. pectedness. 2. take a "If reinforce them not with men and To seat hastily, and rather noisily, S. quickly you honest ministers, in a clap you have the King and all Lat's dank oursel' ayont the fire, the north of England on your back." Baillie's Lett., An' bang up sonnets o' the lyre. ii. 100. Tarras's Poems, p. 130. To Sit still and rest you here aneth this tree, CLANK DOWN, v. a. To throw down with And in a clap I'll back with something be. Ross's Helenore, 66. shrill, sharp noise. p. The idea is, a clap of the hand : for handclap is "Loosing a little Hebrew bible from his belt & used, S. B. clanking it down on the board before the King & Chau- There instructions & cellour, is, sayes he, my wan-and, CLAP of the Ifass, the vulgar designation for let see which of you can judge thereon, or controll me the S. the hass. therein that I have past by my injunctions." Mell- uvula, ; synon. pap of vill's 97. MS., p. This is sometimes denominated the clap of the Teut. klanck, clangor, tinnitus, from klincken, clan- throat : 0. Su.-G. gere, tinnire, klink-a. "If a be thrown dead into the water, when person " the clap of his throat is shut, the water cannot enter. To CLANK v. n. To sit down in a DOWN, Trial of Philip Standifield for the murder of his father; hurried and noisy way, S. printed at Edin., 1688. And forthwith then a" down dank they CLAP a a of wood that strikes Upon the green. of Mill, piece The Har'st Rig, st. 15. and shakes the hopper during grinding, S.; E. CLANK, s. A catch, a hasty hold taken of clapper, The S. heapet happer's ebbing still, any object, Clauglit, synon. And still the clap plays clatter. Just as he landed at the other bank, Burns's Works, iii. 114. Three fellows of him a dank : lusty gat This appears to have received its name from the And round about him bicker'd a' at anes. sound which it for as clacking makes ; Sw. klaepp sig- Ross's Helenore, 47. p. nifies a this is used, V. CLINK v. clapper, proverbial phrase Klaeppa UP, en som quernskruf, to make a noise like a mill-clack ; Seren. vo. Clack. Fris. klappe, Belg. kleppe, crotalum, adj. the force of CLANNISH, Feeling crepitaculum. family or national ties, S.; from clan. CLAP AND the of investiture "Your Grace kens we Scots are clannish bodies." HAPPER, symbols Heart M. Loth., iv. 32. in the property of a mill, S. "His sasine is the of the Of or be- null, bearing only symbol CLANNIT, CLANNED, part. pa. tradition of earth and stone, whereas a mill is distinc- to a clan or longing tribe. tum tenementum, and requires delivery of the clap and happer." Fountainhall, i. 432. "That quhensoeuer ony heirschippis sal happin to " The for land are earth and for be committit be ony captane of clan or be ony vther symbols stone, mills and Ersk. Inst. B. iii. Tit. iii. sec. 36. clannit man aganis ony of our souerane lordis leill and clap happer." trew subiectis, ordanis him first to require or caus To CLAP, v. a. 1. To press down. require redress thairof," &c. Acts Ja. VI., 1587, Ed. Clappit, to a horse or other 1814, p. 464. Claimed, Ed. Glendoick. part. pa. ; applied animal that is much shrunk in the flesh through s. One to some " CLANSMAN, belonging He's sair " fatigue ; as, clappit" His particular Highland clan, S. cheeks were clappit," i.e. collapsed, as it is Sound the trumpet, blaw the horn, medical S. Let ilka kilted clansman gather. expressed by men, Jacobite Relics, ii. 410. 2. To clap down claise, to linen clothes My chief wanders lone and forsaken, prepare the hills where his wont to be for or S. Mong stay ; being mangled ironed, CLA [437] CLA

elltr to beat the out of Sw. klapp-a klaeder byke, lye we should presse to trie our enemie agaiiie." Monro's linen ; Wideg. Exped. P. II. p. l.VJ. Belg, klap, a ship, a 1x>x on the ear. To v. n. 1. To to lie down CLAP, couch, ; * To v. n. To at generally applied to a hare in its form or CLAPPERCLAW, fight seat and the idea of the arm's length, to strike a blow as a at ; conveying purpose spider a Aberd. of concealment, Perths. V. CUTTIE-CLAP. fly, This be may merely an oblique use of the E. v., as CLAPPERS, s. A thing formed to make a in S. the fiat of in primarily signifying position objects noise a collision of its consequence of their being beat down with the hands. rattling by parts, Aberd. Although it has a pi. termination, 2. To lie flat, S. it is used as if singular, a clappers. "A sheep was observed to be affected with braxy. Teut. klapper-en, crepitare. The wool was not clapped, but the eye was languid." Prize Essays, Highl. Soc. Scot., iii. 420. CLAPPERS, . pi. Holes intentionally made To v. n. To to to for rabbits to burrow in, either in an CLAP, stop, halt, tarry ; open a and for a little warren, or within an enclosure. The term as, clap gliff, step in, stop ; Fife. occurs in E., although overlooked by John- son. Apparently elliptical for clap down, a phrase com- used for a or monly taking seat, resting. Clapers is used by Chaucer in the same sense : Connis there were also playing, CLAP, CLAPPER, CLAPPIR, a. A flat instru- That comen out of her clapers, Of sundry colours and mailers, ment of iron, a with a resembling box, And maden many a tourneying tongue and handle, used for making procla- Upon the fresh grass springing. Romaunt Rose, Fol. 116, a. mations a town, instead of a drum through seem to have been sometimes formed or S. They merely hand-bell, of heaps of stones thrown loosely together. This was The origin seems to be incidentally pointed out in probably the common mode in an open warren. When

of Creseide there it is : a of was walled in for a the Henrysone's Complaint ; clappir piece ground warren, to have been interstices left in the Thus shalt thou go beggand fra hous to hous, clappers appear inside With cuppe and clappir, like ane Lazarous. of the wall, or small nests of boards. Hence Go lerne to clappe thy clappir to and fro, they are described in different ways. And lerne aftir the law of lepers lede. "And sidyke the provest, bailies, &c. sal gif libertie Chron. S. L 168. P., 171. to the said archiebischop [of Sanctandrois] to plant and and within the linkis of This passage, like other parts of the poem, contains place conyngis clappers the said as his had libertie of be- a curious trait of ancient manners. As, by the Mosaic cietie, predicessouris fore." Acts Ja. VI., 1612, Ed. 517. law, lepers were obliged to give warning of their 1814, p. of B. iii. approach, by proclaiming their uncleanness; it "Clapper connys, [Fr.] clappier," Palsgr. appears F. 24. that formerly in Scotland, where, it is well known, the Sw. klapur, klapper, "round rough stones of a lax leprosy was more common than in our day, the patient texture ;" Wideg. was under the necessity of going about with a clapper, Maceria seu murus intra to warn others to keep at a distance. The same cus- Clapers, lapidens quern multae seu nidi tom must have in speluncae, cuniculorum sunt ; Skinner, prevailed the Low Countries ; hence Etym. Voc. Antiq. the Belg. phrase, Een Lazarus Iclap, a leper's clapper; Fr. clapier, "a clapper of conies ; a of stones, and by allusion to this custom, Met de klap loopen, to heape &c., whereinto retire themselves ; or (as our go begging, literally, to run with the clapper. they clapper), a court walled about and full of neasts of The immediate origin may be Teut. klepp-en, pulsare, boords, or stone, for tame conies ; also, a rabbits sonare ; Belg. to toll as a bell, whence a klep, clapper. neast " ; Cotgr. The following words are nearly allied : Germ. Idopf-en, L. B. hara cuni- to beat; Su.-G. klaept-a, to strike a bell with a claper-ia, claper-ium, claper-ius, cularia, ubi nutriuntur cuniculi et ; Du hammer ; klaepp, E. the clapper of a bell. But it is multiplicantur not Cange. improbable that our term might originally be Skinner seems to think that it lie from Lat. derived from A.-S. clep-an, cleop-an, to call. We may lapiaria pro lapidaria. Some have derived it from may, indeed, suppose that the term clep, as used in Gr. K\cirT-eu>, furari, because the rabbits are as it were the phrase, clep and call, referred to the use of this instrument in carried away by theft, when they retire to their making proclamations ; or, vice versa, from that this clappers ; Menage, lepus, a hare ; Du received its name from its being used by Cange, from clapa, an instrument or machine in which rabbits public criers. V. CLEP, v. 1. and . are catched. Does he refer to Teut. kleppe, decipula, CLAPMAN, s. A public crier, S. laquous capiendis bestiis comparata? (Kilian). But the is origin certainly Teut. kleppe, rapes, petra ; Belg. klapperman, a watchman with a clapper, walk- clappers being formed of stones. Su.-G. klapper, ing the rounds in the night, Sewel. V. CLAP. lapides minuti et rotundi. On this word Ihre refers CLAPDOCK BREECHES, small clothes to Fr. clapier, acervus lapidum, as allied. made so as to close to the breech tight clap ; CLAPPIT, adj. Flabby, collapsed, Aberd. a term in letters of the of occurring reign V. CLAP, v. a. 1. To press down. Cha. II. CLAPSCHALL, s. Apparently corr. from *. A stroke a discomfiture. CLAPPE, ; Knapzkall, a head-piece. "It is when an armie necessarie, doth get a clappe, "Ane clapschall & bonat tharof." Aberd. Reg. A. as we did then here, incontinent and with all diligence 1538, I. 16. V. KNAPSCHA. CLA [438] CLA

I'll leave some to kin CLARCHE PIPE. heirships my ; A skeplet hat, and plaiden hose, Viols and Virginals were heir, A jerkin darted a' wi' brose, &c. The Seistar and the Sumphion, Jacobite Relics, i. 118. With Clarche Pipe and Clarion. "If it's but a wee there's no ill ii. darted, sae mickle Watson's Coll. , 6. done." Cottagers of Glenburnie, p. 181. the sense of the term is to bedaub CLARE, adv. entirely, S. Perhaps original Wholly, with mire. For gif thou wenys that al the victorye Of the and chancis and battall, by by CLAIRT, . 1. A of be alterit CLORT, quantity any dirty May reducit, and dare ; agane or Ane mysbeleue thou fosteris al in vane. defiling substance, Aberd. Doug. Virgil, 341. 4. 2. to a woman who is and E. clear is used in the same sense. Applied habitually extremely dirty, ibid. CLAREMETHEN, CLARMATHAN. A term 3. Any large, awkward, dirty thing, ibid. used in the S. law. According to the law To v. n. To be in of claremethen, any person who claims stolen CLAIRT, employed any Aberd. cattle or goods, is required to appear at dirty work, certain for this places particularly appointed To CLAIRT, v. a. To dirty, to besmear, ibid. purpose, and prove his right to the same. " CLARTS, s. pi. Dirt, mire, any thing that de- This Skene calls the Lawe of Claremethen concern- files, S. Hence, ing the warrandice of stollen cattell or gudes." De Verb. Sign. CLARTY, adj. 1. Dirty, nasty, S. Clorty, Skinner inclines to view it as of Ir. origin. But it is from Perths. evidently dare, clear, and meith, a mark ; q. distinct man be buskit marks, by which the claimant must prove that Thay up lyk brydis ; Thair heidis heisit with siokin saillis the cattle or goods are his property. Met/ten seems to ; With clarty silk about thair taillis. be pi. A.-S. nouns in a have the pi. in an. Thus Maitland Poems, p. 185. mytha, meta, must have mythan for its pi. V. MEITH. On this great day the city-guard, Gang thro' their CLARESCHAW, CLERSCHEW, s. A harp. functions, By hostile rabble seldom spar'd O' "Anent the accioune persewit be Finiane Ban- clarty unctions. of Necowale his Fergusson's Poems, ii. 15, 16. nachtyne Camys aganis Agnes gude- " moder, for the spoliacioune & takin fra him of ane Clart, to spread or smear. Clarty, smear'd, sticky. pailyoune, a brew caldrone of xvij gallonis, ane mas- Bedarted, besmeared or bedaubed. North." Gl. kin-fat, and ane clareschaiv, & certane stuff & insicht Grose. of houshald pertening to him be ressoun of areschip of Clairty, Aberd. vmquhile Thomlyne of Bannachtyne his faider," &c. Act Dom. Cone. A. 1490, p. 172. 2. Clammy, dauby, adhesive, Aberd. This is called "a demckew," and valued at "xx'Js." Clart and clarty may perhaps be corr. from clatt and in reference to the same persons. Ibid. A. 1491, p. clattie. But I dare assert not that they have no affinity 204. V. CLAIRSHEW. to Su.-G. lort, filth. K may have been prefixed, or From the connexion with a caldrone and g, maskinfat, q. ge-lort. V. CLATTIE. it might seem to refer to some utensil used in brewing for the from Fr. to v. n. settling liquor, esclairc-ir, clarify, To CLASH, 1. To talk idly, S. The to fine. But as we have many proofs in this register prep, with is often added. that the good clerks of that age paid no regard to the I will not to clash and classification of articles, I prefer viewing it as denoting stay quibble. About I'll a musical from Gael, a your nignayes, not nibble. instrument, clarseach, harp ; Cleland s Poems, p. 98. V. NIGNAYES. especially as the place referred to is in the isle of Bute, But I where Gael, is still spoken. laigh my qualities bring, To stand up clashing with a thing, A the like of thee. CLARGIE, CLERGY, s. Erudition; more creeping thing, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 477. strictly that which fitted one for a being 2. To tittle-tattle, to tell tales, S. clergyman. id. Germ, klatschen, ; klatcherey, babling, idle talk, To I can not count nor grit clargie clame ; Hence, Nor yit I am not travellit, as ar ye. Priests s. 1. Tittle-tattle, Peblis, Pink. S. P. Repr., i. 4. CLASH, chattering, prattle; idle The word occurs in this O. E. discourse, S. sense, " I asked hir the came that in familiar high way where that dergie dwelt. They length discourse with P. Ploughman. the foul thief, that they were no more afraid to keep the clash with than to In the same sense it is him, to one another ; still said : "An ounce of up speak in this him for he desired no better mother-wit is worth a pund of clergy," S. Prov. they pleased well, than to have sacrifices offered to Fr. dergie, id., from Lat. dericw. him." Sinclair's Satan's Invisible World, p. 43. To v. n. To act as a scribe or CLARK, 2. Vulgar fame, the story of the day, S. S. ; from clerk. V. CLERK. Some a neebor's to lash amanuensis, rhyme name ; Some for needfu' rhyme (vain thought !} cash ; Some to court the countra To CLART, v. a. To dirty, to foul, S. rhyme dash, An' raise a din. Clort, Perths. Burns, iii. 85. CLA [439] CLA

'' In this sense the plur. is often used : 4. A blow, a stroke. A clash on the side HetUrink, fresli ImttiT'il calks, and cheese, of the head," S.; a box on the ear. Germ. Wi' aft wi' clashes, mingled lees, id. Drave aff the hale forenoon. klatch, Ramsay's Poems, i. 274. It properly denotes one that is not hard, a stroke

" with the open hand ; most from Dan. Iclatslc, For the calumnies did find little belief, and in short probably a dash, a pat, a flap. time dwindled into contempt : standing only on the clashes of some women, and a few seditious whisperers." To CLASH, v. n. To emit a sound in of 88. striking, Cromarty's Conspiracy Kestalrig, p. South of S. 3. learned and Something by rote, repeated But December, colder, comes in far bolder, a mere S. My boughs clad over with (leaks of snow, carelessly ; pater-noster ; " And heavy dashes against me clashes, ! a ane of these Presbyterian wretched Erastian, Of sleet and rain that most fiercely blow. cannot bark tell ower a clash, of dumb dogs that ; they A. Scott's Poems, p. 178. V. the v. a. terror, and a clatter of comfort in their sermons, with- CLASH, . The sound caused the fall of out ony sense or life." Waverley, ii. 197. by a a S. clank body ; properly sharp sound, ; s. A a S. CLASHER, tattler, talebearer, synon. --As tales are never held for fack " Here he was interrupted by something which fell That dashers tell. with a heavy clash on the street before us. What's Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 114. this mair o't ? If it isna the keys !" Rob Roy, ii. 221. Germ, cum sono Wachter klatsch- CLASHING, part. adj. Given to tattling, S. klatsch-en, ferire, ; en die auf backen, to give one a slap on the chops ; That he lives very near Eastmiln, and has heard the nearly the same with the in S., "I'll " vulgar phrase clash your chafts for you.

To CLASH up, v. a. To cause one object to adhere to of or CLASH-MARKET, s. A tattler, one who is another, by means mortar, much to one who otherwise. It the idea of given gossiping ; q. keeps generally implies on the of the ad- a market for clashes, Loth. rejection part object E S. ering ; s. Aberd. CLASH-PIET, A tell-tale, ; apparently " In the middle of a vast and terrible rock, there is from the of the chattering propensity magpie, a great cave where St. Maria Magdalen did penance as for this reason it was by the Latins called for many years before her death : it's now upon that consideration turned into a with some few garrulus. chapell, rooms clacht up against the face of a rock, like a bird cage upon the side of a wall, where some men, To v. a. 1. To to throw religious CLASH, pelt, dirt, I think the serve the cure (as Jacobins) keep place, and S. in the chapel, every day receiving confessions, & giving the sacraments to such as Sir Bal- Sum clashes thee, sum clods thee on the cutes. require them." A. four's Dunbar, Evergreen, ii. 59, st. 23. Letters, p. 52. This is undoubtedly meant for clasht. Flandr. klesa- 2. To strike with the Fife. et open hand, Loth., en, affigere adhaerere, adhaerescere ; Kilian. Isl. rudis klase, nexura, quasi congelatio ; G. Andr. 3. To a door or shut it with violence; bang as, Thus, Eija klase, is a string of islands, insularum "I clasnd the dore in his face," Roxb. Slam, nexus. A. Bor. CLASH, s. 1. A heap of any heterogeneous Teut. resono ictu verberare ictus klets-en, ; klets, substances. It is to what Kilian. to generally applied resonans, Dan. klattk-er, flap, to clash ; is foul or S. Germ, klatsch-en, id. Or perhaps Teut. klos, klotte, disorderly, gleba, massa. 2. A large quantity of any thing; as, "a clash of CLASH, s. LA quantity of any soft or moist porrridge," "a clash o' siller," Clydes. substance thrown at an object, S. "The cow has gi'en a clash o' milk," Teviotd. " Poor old Mr. such a clash of on Kilfuddy got glar 3. Clash o' weet, any thing completely drenched, the side of his face, that his eye was almost extin- guished." Annals of the Parish, p. 12. Ayrs. "The wind blew, and the rain fell, and the wig, 2. A the act of a soft or moist dash, throwing when I took it out on the Saturday night, was just a clash o' body, S. weet." The Steam-Boat, p. 296. Dan. klase, a bunch, a cluster. C. B. clasg, a heap 3. In this used or to to sense, although figuratively, we collection, clasg-u, heap, aggregate ; Owen. are to understand the term in the following CLASH, s. A cavity of considerable extent passage : in the of a hill Clash acclivity ; as, The of "When the Pharisees heard of trail him it, they Wirran, in Angus. Sometimes the phrase from this court to that court, and at last they give him used The clash a hill. a clash of the Kirk's craft, they cast him out of the is, of Tak tent of synagogue. that, Sirs, it may be some of I have also heard it expl. as signifying the interstice a clash of the Kirk's craft that's a business I hill you get ; between a large and a smaller one adjacent to it, warrand Mich. Brace's you." Soul Confirm., p. 14. and intervening between it and the plain. CLA [440] CLA

to the latter it have According explanation, may 4. What is scraped together by niggardliness, S. the same origin with the preceding word, as denoting She has gotten a coof wi' a claute o' siller. the neck which conjoins the one hill with the other. Burns, iv. 54. V. KITH. Claisch occurs in this sense, in an account of the Marchis of Kincoldruin in Angus : 5. What is in whatever " scraped together way ; And fra thyne to the pwll of Monboy, that is to often applied to the of mire collected say, the yallow pwlle, and swa wp the claische, that is heaps to say, the reyske, haldand eistto the Corstane. Syne on a street, S. eist the north of Carne Cathla to the vattir of " part 'You might have gone to the parish-church as I &c. F. Prossyne," Chart. Aberbroth. 84, (Macfarl.) did, Andrew, and heard an excellent discoui'se.' This would favour the derivation from Gael, ' ' clais, Clauls o' cauld parridge, replied Andrew, with a most das, a furrow, a pit, as a " especially CTais/mamoyll, supercilious sneer, 'gude aneugh for dogs.' Rob word of Gael, occurs in this deed. evidently formation, Boy, ii. 70. As the Swedes give the name kladd to clumsy work, . The same with CLASHMACLAVEK, they use the same term to signify a common place- Clish-ma-claver, Aberd. book or Adversaria, "in quae," says Ihre, "annota- tiones tumultuarie conjicimus." CLASPS, s. pi. An inflammation of the ter- To CLATCH, v. a. 1. To daub with lime, mination of the sublingual gland, which S. ; harle, synon. furnishes the saliva a disease of ; horses, 2. To close with or adhesive generally occasioned by eating bearded for- up any glutinous substance "to clatch a with age. Northumb. and Border. ; as, up hole," &c. slime, clay, ; Clem, Clay, synon. The cords, and the cout-evil, the clasps, and the cleiks. Watson's Coll. hi. 13. Isl. G. , V. CLEIKS. kleose, k'este, lino, oblino, collino, glutino,

Andr., p. 147. Teut. kless-en, kliss-en, adhaerere ; *. Used as with clod. CLAT, CLOIT, synon. whence Sw. and Teut. klister, paste, glue. Kladde, "What are all men on earth, but a number of inepte pingere, seems allied. wormes and a clat or clod of The more probable origin is Isl. klae-a, to patch up, " crawling creeping vpon ? also centones to cobble rudis sutura clay Z. Boyd's Last Battell, p. 35 ; p. 343. consuere, ; klas, ; rudissime rudis com- Teut. klotte, kluyte, id. gleba, massa. klantr-a, opus peragere ; klast-r, pactio; Haldorson. To CLAT, CLAUT, D. a. 1. To rake together " CLATCH, s. thrown for the dirt or mire. To clat the to act Anything purpose streets," of as '' a clatch of as daubing ; lime," much the part of a scavenger, S. as is thrown from the trowel on a wall, S. 2. in To rake together, a general sense, S. Isl. klessa, litura, any thing that bedaubs. A bur in Teut. is klesse, denominated from its of adhesion. As this v. primarily relates to dirty work, it seems power to be formedjd from Su.-G. filth. See the kladd, cognate To SKLATCH, v. a. To finish words under CLATTIE. CLATCH, any piece of workmanship in a careless and 3. To to scratch scrape, anything together. hurried way, without regard to the rules of -Or the was I day done, trow, art. In this sense a house or wall is said to The laggen they hae clautet Fu' clean that day. be clatclied up, when the workmen do it in Burns, iii. such haste, and so carelessly, that there is A moorland cock little of its Fidges sair that he's sae dowie, prospect standing long,.S. Wi' clautit kit an' emptie bowie. This may be radically the same with the preceeding; Tarras's Poems, p. 20. although it bears considerable resemblance to Isl. kleik-ia, colloco in lubrico; also khtka, res levis et 4. To accumulate by griping, or by extortion, S. labiliter exstructa, collocata; G. Andr., p. 147. "We hae heard about this sair distress. Here is four pound. May it do nae guid to him who clawts it CLATCH, s. 1 . Any piece of mechanical work out o' the widow's house." M. Lyndsay, p. 65. done in a careless way. Thus, an ill-built Teut. kladd-en not only signifies maculare, to defile; " is said to like to house be a mere clatch" S. but, af-kladd-en, wipe, abstergere sordes ; Kilian. But as A. Bor. daut is "to to expl. scratch, claw," 2. The mire raked into on it induce a together heaps Ray ; might suspicion that the term had streets or the sides of clatted been introduced in S. from the idea of scratching or roads; q. the raking together mire. together, Loth.

*' s. 1. 3. a drab She's a CLAT, CLAUT, CLAUTE, An instrument A dirty woman, ; as, nasty" for raking together dirt or mire. This re- or "dirty clatch" Perths., Roxb. sembles a common hoe, S. 4. Used also as a contemptuous personal desig- 2. The term is also used for a as to hoe, employed nation, especially referring loquacity ; as, '' in the labours of husbandry, S. a claverin' clatch," a loquacious good-for- nothing person, Roxb. 3. The act of raking together, as applied to In this sense it may be originally the same with property. Of a covetous person it is said, " Clash, v., as signifying to tittle-tattle. If so, it retains He taks a claut quharever he can get it." the Germ, form, as given in the etymon. Thus, klat- CLA [441] CLA

a babbler. as not con- fchnft signifies Or, necessarily 2. To be loquacious, to be talkative, S. nected with the idea of babbling, it may be a figurative " all honest of uae of this word as used in sense 1. Apperit thus, vassalcge young lusty left aiie men banist ; and, in thare placis, cumpany of CLATCH, s. A sudden grasp at any object, clatterand tribunis, sedicious limmaris, saweris of dis- and with mair odius Fife S. corde, regnaud empire abone the ; synon. Claucht, pepill than did evlr the kingis." Belleud. T. Liv., p. 234. semina Lat. CLATCH, s. The noise caused by the fall of Loquaces, seditiosos, discordiarum, something heavy, Ettr. For. 3. To chat, to talk familiarly, S. It is fre- Teut. klets, kletse, ictus resonans, klets-en, resono ictu quently used in this sense in addition to that verberare. which is common to E., to be loquacious, "to CLATH, CLAITII, s. Cloth, S. V. CLAITH. talk fast and idly." Johns, refers to A.-S. clatrunge, a rattle. But we CLATS, s. pi. The layers of Cat and Clay, have a more direct origin in Teut. kleltern, fragorem of allied to B. South S.; perhaps C. clawd, edere, retonare, concrepare. a thin a or Isl. massa board, patch ; kletti, CLATTER, s. 1. An idle or vague rumour, S.; compacta. in often used the pi., tittle-tattles. To CLATT, v. a. To bedaub, to dirty, S. He neuer sold, within the wrangling barre, Deceitful clatters, causing clients Jarre. Clate, to daub, A. Bor. Gl. Grose. Hudson's Judith, p. 53. here of General with CLATTIE, CLATT Y, adj. 1. Nasty, dirty, de- "They speak King's landing 6 or 7000 Danes in the mouth of Thames, near London : filed, whatever S. by means, Claity, id., we it so wish were ; but we take it, and many things Cumb. Gl. Grose. more you will hear, for clatters. Baillie's Lett., i. 215, 216. "If a lord should giue to one of his seruants some cottage house of clay, with some little piece of ground 2. Idle talk, frivolous loquacity, S. for colewort or cabbage for to liue vpon, saying, This will I for life-time if Sou'd then name bespatter. giue thee thy ; but afterward this Envy my Or Critics rive me to a tatter Lord should say, Fetch mee my good seruant out of his ; The Muse I'd for a' their clatter. clattie cottage, and bring him to my palace, that he hug Rev. J. tficol's Poems, i. 119. eate at mine owne table for euer tell if may ; me, by the change that seruant hath lost?" Z. Boyd's Last 3. Free and familiar conversation. Battell, p. 23. They'll nae be angry they are left alane, Atweesh themselves best can ease their 2. Obscene, Clydes. they pain ; Lovers have ay some clatter o" their ain. which seems to be more ancient than Clotty, darty, S/nrre/s' Poems, p. 33. has many cognates in other dialects. Besides Su.-G. 4. HI uncivil Aberd. kladd, sordes, inquinamenta, we find kladd-a siy ned, clatter, language, se suas vestesque inquinare, kladderi, sordes ; Teut. s. A kladde, macula lutosa ; Belg. kladd-en, to daub, to foul, CLATTEEAR, CLATTERER, tale-bearer, kladdig, dirty ; De straaten zyn heel kladdig, the streets k/

are ; een a slut very dirty kladdig vrouwmensch, nasty ; Pamlaris, pykthankis, cnstronis and datteraris, Mod. Sax. filth kladde, ; Isl. klatr, rcjectanea res, Loupis vp from laddis, sine lichts amang Lardis. klatra, operam perdere, G. Andr. Gael, cladach, dirt, Lyndsay'a Warkis, 1592, p. 198. is probably borrowed from the Goth. CLATTERN, s. A tattler, a babbler, Loth. adv. 1. in a man- CLATTILIE, Nastily, dirty That clattern Madge, my titty, tells sic flaws, Whene'er our her cankart humour ner, S. Meg gaws, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 117. 2. Obscenely, Clydes. CLATTER-BANE, s. 1. From all that I 1. S. CLATTINESS, Nastiness, can learn, a bone hitherto unknown iu ana- 2. Obscenity, Clydes. tomy. " Your like the clatter-lane o' a Dan. kladd-er, to blot, to blur, to daub ; klad, a blot, a tongue gangs goose's blur arse," S. Prov. ; kladderie, daubing ; Belg. kladdegat, a nasty girl, a slut. Kelly uses goose and clatter-bone; adding, "Spoken to that talk much and to little 387. people purpose,"" p. It is otherwise expressed in : Your To CLATTER, v. a. 1. To prattle, to act Angus tongue like the claik-bane in a duke s backside.'' as a gangs [duck's] tell-tale, S. terms the Both convey same idea ; claik-bane, q. Sum : flyrds. Sum fenyeis and sum natters. clack-bane, being evidently allied to Teut. clack-en, Sum playis the full, and all owt clatters. verberare resono ictu. Maitland Dunbar, Poems, p. 102. [Prob. arse is a corrup. for hast. The proverb then At ony time he clatters a man to death. " becomes very expressive, Your tongue gangs like the Ramsay's Poems, i. 365. " clatter-bane o' a goose's hats."} I thinke, since this crime [witchcraft] ought to be so seuerely punished, judges ought to beware to con- 2. Clatter-banes, two pieces of bone or slate demne but such as are any, they sure are guiltie, held between the which neither should the fingers, produce clattering report of a carling serue in so a noise, similar to that from weightie a case." K. James's Daemouologie, clattering 134. p. castanets, Teviotd. CLA [442] CLA

from the sound or to Su. -G. which Perhaps clattering ; immediately ponding klaa, conveys this very idea ; from Teut. klater, defined by Kilian, Crotalum, crepi- unguibus veluti fixis comprehendere, manum injicere. sistrum tacnlum, ; from klater-en, strepere, fragorem Hence the Prov., Tket aer saa ogorligt, som att klaa, edere crotalum Lat. crotalum is thus ex- ; pulsare. maanen; Aeque impossibile eat, ac lunam unguibus "An instrument of musick made of two brass plained: apprehendere ; Ihre. The v. is evidently, as this or a plates, bones, which being struck together make writer observes, from Su.-G. Isl. klo, a nail, a claw, kind of music a Cic." a talon. also ; castenet, Hence klo-as, Isl. klo-ast, unguibus cer- tare. . Meadow CLATTERMALLOCH, trefoil, It may indeed be supposed that this is the pret. of Wigtonshire. the v. CLEIK, q.v.

s. catch or CLAUCHANNE, *. A village in which CLAUCHT, CLAUGHT, A seizure there is a church. V. CLACHAN. of anything in a sudden and forcible way. When one lays hold of what is falling, it is To CLAUCHER up, v. n. To use both hands " said that he a claucht of S. and feet in to stand or walk gat it," rising ; also, My een grew blind, the lad I cou'd nae see : to scramble with upwards difficulty, Upp. But ane I kent na took a claught of me, Lanarks. And fuish me out, and laid me down to dreep. Ross's Helenw-e, p. 42. To v. a. snatch to CLAUCHER up, To up ; as, Claut seems be used in the same sense: " Ther's scarce a He olaucherit up the siller," he snatched pah- of shoes among us, And for blew bonnets leave the with covetous ibid. they none, money eagerness ; That they can get then: cUmts upon. The v., as used in both senses, is nearly allied to Clelaiid's Poems, p. 38. It however Belg. klaauwier, a hook, only without the guttural, may signify clutches. It has evidently a common origin with Claucht, To v. a. snatched, q. v. This ia Su.-G. klaa, or Teut. klauw, CLAURT, To scrape, Dumfr. unguis. It may be remarked, indeed, that a number of terms, which denote the active use of the hands, CLAUKT, s. What is thus scraped, ibid.

claim this : as the E. v. obviously origin claw, clamber, "Saw ye ever sic a supper served up a claurt o' S. to Teut. all clever, climb, klaver-en, id., &c., expres- caul comfortless purtatoes?" Blackw. Mag., Nov., sive of the act of hold means of the nails or laying by 1820, p. 159. V. CLABT. talons. s. inclosure. To to v. a. CLAUSURE, An CLAUCHEK or till, To move t "Reservand forwards to seize an as a old alwayis and exceptand to all archi- object, weak, thair man Lanarks. bischoppis, &c., principal! castles, fortalices, does, houssis and mansionis, with the biggingis and yairdis Thus, when one laments to another the enfeebled thairof, as thay ly and ar situat within the precinctis state of a third person, the auditor, who views the and clausurin of thair places," &c. Acts Ja., VI. 1587, Ed. lamentations aa unwarrantable, retorts : "For a' sae 1814, p. 433. he to L. B. in animalia custodi- weak, claucherit his parritch though," i.e., not- cliiiisura, septum quo untur vel vel arva muniuntur withstanding his debility, he made a good breakfast. ; quo vineae, prata, ; clausus Du Speaking of an infirm man who has married in his old ager sepibus ; Cange. age, a Lanarkshire peasant would be very apt to say, " v. a. Though his mouth be fast gaiiu to the mools, yet the To CLAUT, CLAWT, To rake together, body has claucherit till a wife." &c. V. CLAT, v. To v. a. To hold of CLAUCHT, lay forcibly CLAUTIE -SCONE, . 1. A species of and formed from the of suddenly ; preterite coarse bread, made of oatmeal and yeast, CLEIK. Kinross. Then was it dink, or was it douce, To claucht my daddy's wee bit house, 2. It is applied to a cake that is not much And the o't 1 spoil hamely triggin kneaded, and put to the fire in a very wet Jacobite Relics, i. 58. state, Lanarks. pret. Snatched, laid hold of CLAUCHT, Teut. kloet, kloot, globus, massa. eagerly and suddenly. s. for With spedy fute so swiftly rinnis sche, CLATJTS, CLATTS, pi. Cards teasing the hors and furth can fle By past renk, wool. Two short wooden handles, in which Before him hi the feild wyth grete disdene, fixed at And claucht auone the coursere by the rene. iron teeth were right angles with the Doug. Virgil, 390. 33. before the introduction of handles ; used, A huntyn staff in till his hand he bar, machinery, by the country people, in tearing Tharwith he smat on Willyham Wallace thair : Bot for his tre litell sonyhe he maid, the wool asunder, so as to fit it for being Bot be the coler claucht him with baid. outyn on the little Roxb. Wallace, it 98. MS. spun wheel, Auld sleeldt Lawrie fetcht a wyllie round, To v. a. 1. To talk or in a And claught a lamb auoner Nory's care. CLAVER, idly, Ross's ffelenore, p. 14. nonsensical manner, S.; pronounced ({.claiver. As this word seems to express the violence manifes- Ne'er brag of constant clavering cant, ted by a ravenous bird in laying hold of its prey, it is And that you answers never want. most probably a remnant of some antiquated v. corres- Ramsay's Poems, ii. 458. CLA [443] CLE

* 2. To chat or converse in an easy, unreserved To CLAW, v. a. To scratch. This term is manner, to gossip, S. used in various forms which seem peculiar Ac sunny morn for recreation. toS. hats slow cantation Twa began a ; " "I'll gar ye daw whar ye dinna youk," or whar They frae a skelf began to da-oer ; ye're no youkie ;" the language of equi- The taue was woo', the tither beaver. " threatening," 1. valent to I will a or a blow, S. Morison's Poems, p. " give you beating," Ye'll no daw a tume kytu ;" spoken to one who Germ, klaff-en, inconsiderate loqui, klajfer, garrulus. has eaten a full meal, 8. Ihre views Su.-G. klaff-a, calumniari, as a cognate term. Hence klaffare, calumniator. Our i>. in the second To claw an auld man's pow, a vulgar phrase sense is very nearly allied to Teut. kalaberen, inter se to live to old age. It is often in utramque partem de variis rebus otiose suaves jucun- signifying addressed to one who lives hard, tlosque sermones conferre ; Kilian. negatively Gael, a fellow Shaw. C. B. clabaire, babbling ; Ye'll never claw, &c., S. debar, silly idle talk, or clack, from cleb, a driveller ; I've seen o' late fu' mony a howe, clebren, a or tattler ; Owen. gossip An' daw, owre soon, an auld man's poio. Pic/em's Poems, ii. 140. CLAVER, CLAIVER, . 1. Frivolous talk, To CLAW v. a. To eat with rapidity prattle, S. a/, and S. Delighted with their various ctaver, voraciousness, While wealth made all his wits to waver, And thrice he cry'd. Come eat, dear Madge, He cast his look beneath the board, Of this delicious fare ; Where stood ane that ne'er a it most " spake word, Syne clavfd off cleverly, what art thou stands there ?" Till he could eat nae mair. Pray " speechless the I Reply'd bird, think the mair." Watty and Madge, Herd's Coll., ii. 200. The Parrot, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 517. To one's Mittens. V. MITTENS. I mind it weel in early date, CLAW up When first amang the yellow corn v. a. To a hole or A man I reckon 'd was, To CLAY, CLAY UP, stop Still shearing and clearing chink by any unctuous or viscous substance, The tither stocked raw, Wi' claivers, an' haivers, S.; clem, synon. the Wearing day awa'. In this sense Fergusson uses the phrase, day the iii. 377. Burns, elungest ; Poems, ii. 61. 2. A vague or idle report, S. It nearly resembles Teut. klev-en, klijv-en, figere,

adhaerere ; kleoe, viscus, Our term "I have kend mony chapmen, travelling merchants, glutinare, gluten. have from the use of in and such like, neglect their goods to carry clashes and may originated merely day chinks. Teut. however, clavers up and down, from one countryside to another." stopping Icleye, argilla, clay, has been deduced from because of its adhesive The Pirate, ii. 180. klev-en, quality. V. Kilian. CLAVER, s. A person who talks foolishly, s. The secundines of a S. Roxb. in other CLEAN, cow, ; counties, Claverer. A.-S. daen, mundus. Hence, CLAVEREE, s. An idle talker, S. . The off of the secun- "He meanes of idle bodies that are out of all CLEANSING, coming of S. calling, and are not labouring, but are busie bodies, dines a cow, and here and clauerers, pratlers, looking there, making Grose renders A. Bor. degning, the after-birth of a that a mean to win their : as dron-bees enters lining by cow. Most probably there is an error in the ortho- in the skeppes and soukes vp the honey of the elsewhere he as labouring graphy ; as gives csw-deaning synon. bees so ; they souke the meate that others hes win vp " Lancash. deeoning, id. Tim Bobbins, a cowe-deening, with the sweate their of browes. Rollock on 2 Tlios., id. Clav. Yorks. Dial. A.-S. daens-ian, mundare, 140. p. purgare. s. S. CLAVER, CLAUIR, Clover, CLEAN BREAST. To mak a clean breast In battil the banwart gers burgeouns, wyld, 1. To make a full and con- The clauir, catcluke, and the cammomylde. of. ingenuous Doug. Virgil, 401. 11. fession, S. For Phetanissa hes he " send, She had something lay heavy on her heart, which With sorcerie and incantationes. she wished, as the emissary expressed it to make a And, in principle, sought out syne, dean breast of, before she died, or lost possession of That under ane alter of stane had lyn<>, her senses." St. Konan, iii. 296. Sanct Jhones nutt, and the for'<= levit daver. Sixteenth Legend Bp. St. Androis, Poems Cent., p. 818. 2. To tell one's mind roundly, S. Nutt, I suspect, should be wurt or wort. V. JOHN'S "To speak truth, I'm wearying to mak a dean breast (St.) NUTT. wi' him, and to tell him o' his unnaturality to his own A.-S. daefer, Belg. klaver, id., from A.-S. cleafan, to dochter." The Entail, iii. 101. cleave, because of the remarkable division of the leaves. For the same reason Trefoil had the name of Cat-duke, CLEAN-FUNG, adv. Cleverly, Aberd. Gl. from its resemblance to the cloven foot of a cat. V. Shirrefs. GLAMER. Isl. fofntj is rendered facilitates. CLAW, s. A kind of iron spoon for scraping * CLEAR, adj. 1. Certain, assured, confi- the bake-board, Ang. dent, Aberd.; clair, synon., Ang. Isl. frico positive, klaa, ; Teut. klauw-en, scalpere, klauwe, rastruin. 2. Determined, decided, resolute, A berd. CLE [444] CLE

CLEAR, adv. Certainly, used in affirmation, 3. Used obliquely, to denote the putting on of ibid. armour.

"It is statute, that nane of our souerane Ladyis CLEAR-LOWING, adj. Brightly burning, liegis presume, pretend, or tak vpone hand to make S. oniy priuie conuentiouuis nor assembleis within Burgh, on cleith thame selfis with or "I have gone some dozen times to Lesmahago for put armoure, wappinnis, mak sound of or without the the clear-lowing coals." Lights and Shadows, p. 215. trumpet Talberone, licence of our said souerane Acts V. Low, v. special! Lady." Marie, 1563, Edit. 1566, c. 19, Murray, c. 83. CLEARINGS, s. pi. A beating. V. under from. v. 4. To shelter, to seek protection GLAIR, " He had quitted the company of the Gordons, and CLEARY, s. Apparently, sharp or shrill cled himself with the earl Marischal his near cousin, sound. and attended and followed him South and North at his pleasure." Spalding, i. 232. March ! march ! down with supremacy, And the kist fu' o' whistles, that niaks sic a deary. 5. To A cled bow, the measure of a boll Jacobite Relics, i. 6. heap. Roxb. V. CLED SCORE. Teut. klaer-luydendf, clarisonus, conveys the same heaped, idea. forensic- 6. Cled with an husband, married ; a CLEAVING, s. The division in the human phrase. from the os S. " body pubis downwards, Ane beand ane sail remane in the " woman, heretrix, if tha in Ye wad ferly mair, craws bigged your keiping of hir over-lord, until scho be maryit and cled flew the cleaving, and away with nest ;" Ramsay's S. with ane husband." Balfour's Pract., p. 254. Prov., p. 87. This corresponds to the Fr. phrase used in the E. Isl. femorum Eliz. c. 3. klof, interfoemineum, intercapedo ; law, femme covert ; (Stat. 27 ) ; in which G. Andr. V. CLOFF. sense a married woman is said to be under coverture. V. Jacob's Law Diet., vo. Baron and Feme. To CLECK, v. a. To hatch. V. CLEK. 7. Cled with a richt, legally possessing a title CLECKER, s. A hatcher, S. V. CLEK. vested with it. CLECKEN-BRED, s. A CLECKIN-BROD, "Thay aucht and sould be simpliciter assoilyeit, board for with at Loth. and sufficientlle that the striking hand-ball, gif thay alledge preive princi- tenant, with quhais richt thay ar clad, and be J3aw-brod, i.e. ball-board, synon. pall quhais titil thay bruik and joise the samin landis, was one time is to be seen in the hands of "At nothing callit by the persoun persewar in the samin cause," the but cleckenbrods." Blackw. boys Mag., Aug., 1821, &c. Balfour's Pract., p.,340. p. 34. The common pronunciation cleid is more consonant Cumb. a shuttle-cock Gl. Grose. Cleckins, , signifies ; to the other cognate terms, than to A.-S. clathian. Isl. leviter verbero G. Andr. 147. Klok- klecke, ; , p. Isl. Su.-G. klaed-a, Germ, kkid-en, Belg. kleed-en, to be struck with force struck. tia, great ; af-klaukku, Dan. klaed-er, id. A brawler or striker is called klekkingr madr ; liti- Some, as Ihre mentions, have derived this word alicui Verel. Ind. Teut. giosus, qui alapas impingit ; from C. B. clyd, crafty ; others, from Su.-G. lod, klicke, a stroke, a also a club ; verberare others from to blow, klaek-en, hlod, wool ; and again loda, hloda, resouo ictu Kilian. ; adhere. It is surprising that none of the Northern have taken notice of a term which seems s. 1. the time of etymologists CLECKIN-TIME, Properly, to have at least a far better claim than any of these. hatching, as applied to birds, S. This is Isl. kliaae, kliade, telam expedio et laxo. Kliadr er ofan sa vefur ; "This web is finished." 2. The time of birth, as transferred to man, S. V. G. Andr. As this denotes the finishing of a web it out of the when it receives the "'Perhaps,' said Mannering, 'at such a time a and taking loom, ' ' denomination of the idea that stranger's arrival might be inconvenient ? Hout, na, clait/i, naturally pre- be blate about their house is sents itself is, that the proprietor will cleid himself with ye needna that ; muckle " whether viewed as the of enough, and cleckin-time's aye canty time.' Guy it. Isl. klaede, indeed, pres. the v. or as the noun seems to be Mannering, i. 12. signifying clothin/j, merely the pret. of kliaae. We find something strictly s . stone that to sense in Isl. for herklaede CLECKIN-STANE, Any analogous _3, ; signifies ; herklaedast, anna induere. separates into small parts by exposure to the arma, q. army-clothes Roxb. atmosphere, CLEED, CLEAD, s. Dress, Buchan. Teut. findi cum Germ. klack-en, fragere ; Meek-en, That canty knap, tho' in its brawest dead, hiare rimosus fissum. agere rimas, ; kleck, ; klage, lignum Goups infant proud abeen the decent mead. Tarras's Poems, p. 4. To CLEED, CLEITH, v. a. 1. To clothe, S. As lang's in simmer wadders cast their dead, K********* lang may grunt and grane, That name is sacred, and that name is dear ! An* cleed her bairns, man, wife, an' wean, Ibid., p. 7. V. CLEEDINQ. In mourning weed. Burns, iii. 118. to CLEADFU', adj. Handsome, in regard 2. Metaph. applied to foliage. dress, Buchan. Simmer rains bring simmer flow'rs, Compar'd to you, what's peevish brag, And leaves to cleed the birken bow'rs. Or beaus wi' deudfu' trigginiggm ?s Fergiisson's Poems, ii. 40. Tarras's Poaiis, p. 48. OLE [445] OLE

. 1. CLEEDINO, CLEADING, Clothing, ap- CLEIDACH, a. Talk, conversation. V. S. Germ, Isl. CLEITACH. parel, kleidung, klaede, id., Teut. kleed, vestes. CLEIK, adj. Lively, agile, fleet, Loth. V. I ever hated bookish reading, And musical or dancing breeding, CLEUCH, adj. And what's in either face or deciding, To v. a. 1. Of painted things. CLEIK, CLEK, CLEEK, To catch Ramsay's Poems, i. 30. as by a hook, S. 2. A complete suit of clothes, Clydes. If I but ettle at a sang, or speak, dit their CLED a They lugs, syne up their leglins cleek. SCORE, phrase signifying twenty-one Ramsay's Poems, ii. 66. in number, S. [Literally, a heaped or full 2. To lay hold of, after the manner of a hook. score. V. To CLEED, s. 5.] " "I cleekit my arm in his," I walked arm in He was four times had children all his married, by arm with S. wives, and at the baptism of his last child, which hap- him, pened not a year before his death, [when above 90] 3. To seize, to take possession of in whatever with an air of complacency expressed his thankfulness to his for last whether force or fraud S. as Maker having at sent him the ded score, way, by by ; i.e. 21." P. Kirkcudb. Statist. i. Parton, Ace., 187. equivalent to catch, snatch, or snatch away. The word literally means clothed, the score having Oppressioun clikit Gude Rewle by the hair. one additional to cover it ; E. clad. Dr. Johns, is at a Duncan Laider, V. Wartmi's Hist. E, P., ii 327. loss to find a v. for this participle. But it is preserved And quhen the vicar hard tell was in the S. v. deed. my wyfe deid, The third kow than he cleikit be the heid.

Lyndsay, Pink. S. P. ii. 66. CLEEKY, . A cant term for a staff or R., Than drew he furth ane crooked at the Loth. scharp dagair, stick, top, And did him cleik be the collair. "Frae that day to this my guid aik deeky has never Lyndmy's Squyer Meldrum, A. iiii. a. been tell mair heard o'." Blackw. Mag., Nov., 1820, Sum caiises clek till him ane cowl, 201. Ane convent fra to p. grit syu tyce ; And he himself of Apparently from being used as a sort of hook or cleek exampil vyce. Afaitland for laying hold of anything. V. CIJKIK. Dunbar, Poems, p. 110. An' I confess, I ill can brook *. 1. A severe blow To cleek in or CLEEPIE, CLEEPY, ; coin, by hook crook. a blow or Rev. J. Nicol's Poems, i. 181. stunning fall, Tweedd., Ang. " Cleikit is used to signify, caught in the Gl. 2. A stroke on the head, Orkn. fact," Nor his bra targe, on which is seen This aeem allied to Teut. a The the the lift might kleppe, klippe, yerd, sin, ; a rock as Can well wi' stone, ; denoting the injury received from a agree his cair cleuck, hard substance or to That cleikit was for thift. ; Alem. dob-en, which signifies to strike Poems in the Buchan ; verberare, Schilter. But, as the term not only Dialect, p. 12. denotes a is in blow, but the effect of it, Isl. klyp-ur bids Cleche used this sense, O. E. fairest for the radical term. This is being defined by Ich habbe walked wyde, Duriore Verel.; compressione laedit, ut livor inde By the see side, existat 142. ; Ind., p. In this definition, we have the Ne might ich him never cleche, full of our With nones kunnes import own term ; as it exhibits both the speche ; Ne ich of him cause and the effect, the injury done, and the livid (or may here, as Verel. renders it in Sw. the In londe fer no ner. ) blae appearance of the Geste Horn, ver. 963. part affected. Norw. klype, klipe, is rendered by Kyng Hallager, in Dan. knibe, klemme, "a severe pressure 4. To Cleik to or or up, snatch, pull up hastily, S. squeeze, pain, torture." V. CLYPE, v., to fall. And up his beggar duds he cleeks, &c. CLEETIT, part. pa. Emaciated, lank, in a Jacobite Relics, i. 84. state of Lanarks. 5. To Cleik decay, up, obliquely used, to raise, applied to a CLEG, CLEG, . A gad-fly, a horse-fly. It song. is S. He cleikit up ane hie ruf sang, pronounced gleg, B.; cleg, Clydes." The Thairfure ane man to the holt. latter seems more ancient. A. Bor. id. PeMis to the Play, st. 6. " He earthly dust to lothly lice did change. A. Bor. cleek "to catch at a signifies thing hastily ; And dimd the with such a cloud so ayre, strange, Gl. Grose. "To clkk, to catch or snatch away;" ibid. Of flyes, grasshoppers, hornets, clegs and Junius mentions clocks, 0. E. kKck as signifying, apprehendere, That day and night through houses flew in flocks. as rapere; viewing it contr. from A.-S. ge-laecc-an, id. Hudson's Judith, p. 20. But it has greater resemblance of ge-diht. V. CLEPCK. The unlatit woman It may be questioned, however, whether it be not more Mare than a wily fox, pungis as the cleg. nearly allied to the Isl. V. the . tordun. Scolichron. ii. " 276. V. LAIT, v. To click to catch up, up, Lincolns. ; celeriter corri- Dan. klaeg, id., tabanus. To to pere ;" Ray. Cleek, snatch any thing from the hand, Orkn. CLEG-STUNG, adj. Stung by the gad-fly, S. Where'er they come, aff flees the To CLEIK THE a throng CUNYIE, vulgar phrase, sig- O' country billies, to hold on the S. Like cattle brodit with a prong, nifying, lay money, Or " cleg-stung fillies. Donald Bean Lean, being aware that the bride- Siller 73. was in Mayne's Gun, p. groom request, and wanting to cleik the cunyie CLE [446] CLE

to hook the he carried off (that is, silver), cannily To CLEISH, v. a. To whip, Koxb.; synon. Gilliewhackit one night when he was riding dovering the Skelp ; Clash, Fife, Loth. hame, (with malt rather above the meal, ) and with the help of his gillies he gat him into the hills with Hence, it is supposed, the fictitious name of the the speed of light, and the first place he wakened in author of the Tales of my Landlord, Jedidiah Clei&h- was the cove of Vaimh an Ri. So there was old to do botham, Teut. klets-m, resono ictu " q. flog-bottom. about ransoming the bridegroom. Waverley, i. 278, verberare. 279. CLEISH, s. A lash from a whip, ibid. CLEIK, CLEK, s. 1. An iron hook. s. A cot-house Aberd. "And of the samyn wyse thair be ordanit thre or CLEIT, ; Reg. foure to the commoun vse, and vi. or cleikis a says may Gael, ch wattled work ; cleite, a penthouse, of irin to draw downe timber ruiffis ar and that fyrit." also, the eaves of a roof. Acts Ja. I., 1426, c. 73. Edit. 1566. To CLEITACH, CLTTACH, CLYDIGH (gutt), 2. A hold of any object, S. v. n. 1. To talk in a strange language ; 3. The arm, metaph. used. particularly applied to people discoursing in If Dame had her Cyprus up cleek, Aberd. I'll be her tool. Gaelic, A. Nicol's Poems, 1739, p. 22. V. CLEUCK. 2. To talk to chatter like inarticulately, ; a Isl. Idakr, ansa clitellarum, qua onus pendet, G. Andr. when to Aberd. ; the p. 146. ; hleck-er, an iron chain ; hleik-ia, a- child, beginning speak, hleck-ia, to bind with chains, vincula nectere etstruere; sense transmitted with the word in the form ibid., p. 114. H and K are frequently interchanged of Clydigh. in the Northern languages. G. Andr. particularly mentions the 100. It is not im- Norwegian ; ibid., p. s. discourse CLEITACH, CLEIDACH, Talk, ; probable that klak-r, as denoting something hooked, is used as ibid. radically from klo, unguis, because of its resemblance especially above, to the claw of an animal. " discourse of Cleidach, any kind, particularly ap- to the Gaelic Gl. Shirrefs. CLEIK-IN-THE-BACK, s. The or rheu- plied language." lumbago This is word undoubtedly Gothic ; Isl. klida, conveys Teviotd. what takes hold of one matism, ; q. an idea perfectly analogous. Avicularum more easdem as a hook does. voces continue itero. Slid, also klidan, vox in eadem oberrans chorda. Gudm. Andr., p. 147. CLEIKY, adj. Ready to take the advantage, CLEITCH, s. A hard or fall, inclined to circumvent ; S. CLEITE, heavy Ettr. Cloit. Ken ye whare cleekie Murray's gane ? For.; synon., He's to dwell in his lane &c. " name, For etymon see Clatch, s., the noise caused by the Remains JYithsdale 165. Song, p. fall of something heavy." This may be merely from cleik, q. lying at the catch. v. a. 1. to But, both in form and signification it so nearly resem- To CLEK, CLEKE, To hatch, pro- bles Isl. klok, callidus, vafer, crafty, that I can scarcely duce young by incubation, S. think that there is no affinity. " Rauinnis, kayis, & piottis, clekit thair birdis in CLEIKS, s. pi. A cramp in the legs, to which wynter, contrar the nature of thair kynd." Bellend. Cron. B. xv. c. 16. horses are subject; so denominated, because it cleiks, or as it were hooks up, their hinder- 2. To bear, to bring forth, S. legs. Nouthir was ane goddes thy moder, as is said, They bad that Baich should not be but Nor yit King Dardanus cheif stok of thy kyn, The Glengore, Gravel, and the Gut, Thow treuthles wicht, bot of ane cauld hard quhyn, And all the plagues that first were put The clekkit that horribil mont, Caucasus hait. Into Pandora s purse : Doug. Virgil, 112. 35. The Coch, & the Connoch, the Collick & the Cald, 3. as The Cords, and the Cout-evil, the Clasps, and the Cleiks, To hatch, applied to the mind; to invent, The the and the Hoist the Hunger, Hartill, still, Hald ; S. The and the and the Breicks Botch, Barbies, Cannigate ; Thus one of the characters With Bock-blood and Benshaw, Spewen sprung in the Spald, given to the priests of The the Evil that feels freiks an of the is Fersie, Falling many ; Rome, by application eighty-third Psalm, Overgane with Angleberries as thou grows aid, the following : The Kinkhost, the Charbucle, and Worms in the chieks, The Amalikis that leissings weill can cleke. The Snuffe and the|Snoit, the Chaud-peece and the Canker, Spec. Godly Sallatis, p. 2. With the Blaids and the Belly-thraw, Rattling chiels ne'er stand The Bleiring Bats, and the Bean-shaw, To and the lies With the Mischief of the Melt and Maw. deck, spread grossest aff-hand. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 88. Montgomerie, Watson's Coll., iii 13. 4. To to have the CLEYNG-. Left for explanation by Mr. Pink. feign, appearance without the Al glowed as a glede, the goste there ho glides, reality. with a cloude of unclere. Umbeclipped him, cleyng Gif ye be blythe, your lychtnes thai will lak. Sir Gawan and Sir i. 10. Gal., Gif ye be grave, your gravity is clekit. The only idea I can form of this phrase is, that it Maitland Poems, p. 158. denotes a dark or substance from A. -S. opaque ; dyne, i.e., others say that it is all mere pretence. which not but a mass in only signifies metal, general ; Rudd. and Sibb. derive this word from A. -S. cloccan, Isl. rudis et res male G. klunne, fabrica, compacts; the latter conjoining Teut. klock-en, glocire. But the 148. Andr., p. proper meaning of the A.-S. word is, to cluck, or cry should be a [Prob. cleyng cleihlng, clothes, covering.] as a hen does, when she calls together her chickens. CLE [447] CLE

to our Su.-G. klaeck-a, Isl. Tclek-M, exactly correspond CLEMEL, CLEMMEL, . Expl. steatite, Orkn. excludere Isl. klaekia, klek-ia, word, signifying, pullos; soft named and fit for oc "A stone, commonly Clemel, id. Hence the phrase, Daer tier hona klaekt " There moulds, is also among those which this island affords. ; Ibi est natale ejua solum ; literally, klutlagil P. Unst, Stat. Ace., V. 186. was he cleckit and laid in clouts, S.; i.e. swaddled. vo. Klutr. Verel., Ind., CLEMIE. s. The abbreviation of Clementina, CLECKIN, *. 1. A brood of chickens, S. S.

2. a of children, S. V. CLEK. Metaph. family To CLENCH, v. n. To limp; the same with Clinch. CLEKANE-WITTIT, adj. Feeble-minded, Brookie, at this, threw his hammer, childish. hy Clench'd out of doors. Meston's Poetns, p. 126. " Of na ressoun culd I be induceit efter to credit and *. A Mearns. reverence thaim mair thairfor, as mony than (bot fy on CLENCHIE-FIT, club-foot, the ckkane wittit in the cause of God) of a marvelus v. 1. facilitie did, bot to esteme thame rather at that present To CLENGE, a. Literally, to cleanse; without all to be the samin self men, quhome thai Aberd. Reg. schame confessit thame to hef bene afore." N. Win- Keith's Hist. 219. of yet's Questionis, App., p. 2. Legally to exculpate, to produce proof Could we the term to those who are suppose regard innocence; a forensic term corr. from the E. here represented as deceivers, it would signify crafty- be viewed as akin to Isl. Su.-G. v. to cleanse. minded ; and might callidus Tout, whence is klok, prudens, ; kloeck, id., "The lordis of parliament being the greit assyis alacris. But it seems evi- compounded kloeck-sinnigh, of the cuntrie of the daylie practique, quhatsumeuir to those who are said to be deceived ; dently respect persone clengis not of certane knawlege the personis and be viewed as to E. feeble-minded, may equivalent accuait, he fyles thame ; and the commoun notorietie wtt or of a childish, as having only the understanding of this fact and tressoun, and contumacie of the defen- or brood or no more wit than at the time cleckin, young ; " daris, is sufficient to mak na man to clengt thame." of as in the S. Ye hae na decking ; proverbial phrase, Acts Ja. VI. 1592, Ed. 1814, p. 531, 532. the wit o' a hen-bird." Isl. klok-r, however, signifies et vultum mollis, infirmus, ktockn-a, animum, vocem, CLENGAR, s. One employed to use means for demittere Haldorson. ; = the recovery of those affected with the [Clekane-wittit is similar to the term Tien-Keadit silly, not uncommon in Ayrs.] plague. "He his wif and thair clengar, quhilk ar now *. tricker of an CLEKET, The engine. inclosit for this pest." Aberd. Keg. A. 1545, V. 19. In hy he gert draw the cleket, And smertly swappyt out a stane. To CLEP, CLEPE, . a. To call, to name. Barbour, xvit 674. MS. Edit. 1620, deikit. Wallace a lord he may be clepyt weyll, id. E. clkket, the knocker of a door, Fr. cliquet, Thocht ruryk folk tharoff haff litill feill, Na deyme na lord, bot lanclis be thair part. 1. a Wallace, vii. 397. MS. CLEM, adj. Mean, low, scurvy ; as, a fellow Loth. It commonly occurs in this sense, O.E. clem man, paltry ; A.-S. cleop-an, clyp-ian, vocare, clamare ; as Teut. 2. Not trustworthy, unprincipled, Roxb. klepp-en, Germ, klapp-en, are used in a more general sense, pulsare, sonare. There are different northern terms to which this, from its be traced. Isl. general acceptation, might CLEP, s. A call, a more solemn form of cita- kleima, macula, kleim-a, maculare, q. having a charac- tion, used in criminal cases ; a ter that lies under a stain ; klam, obscosnitas, klaem-a, especially obscoene loqui. forensic term. "In of and and 3. Used by the High-school boys of Edin- pleyis wrang vnlaw, clepe call, was used as ane certaine solemnitie of wordes pre- in the sense of a burgh curious, singular ; scrived be the Law, and observed in the practick, as clem fellow, a queer fish. Scot's Mag., May, quhen the persewer did clep and call the defender with wouth, wrang, and vnlaw, in harming and skaithing of 1805, p. 351. V. CLAM. him of sik ane thing, or of sik ane summe of silver mair " or to his harme and skaith." Verb. To CLEM, v. a. 1. To stop a hole by com- lesse, great Skene, S." Callender's MS. Notes on Sign." pressing, It is to wit, that this the forme in his dischargeine Ihre. of poynds : that the debtour sail haue his cattell poynded, or auie other poynd, restored to him, and 2. a hole of or To stop by means lime, clay, by probation readie at hand, with clep and call." Stat. viscous substance to Rob. I. Tit. 2, c. 20. 7. This phrase is used in the using any ; also, clem Lat. as well as in the Translation. V. CLAP, a. 4. up, S. E. clamm is used in a sense nearly allied, although To CLEP, v. n. 1. To tattle, to act the tell- not the same, as rather to to precisely signifying clog, tale, S. bedaub to ; cleam, to glue Lincoln*. ; from together, When men o' mettle thought it nonsense A.-S. cleam-ian, id. As Su.-G. klen-a signifies linere, To heed that clipping thine ca'd conscience ; to besmear. Ihre remarks that the A. -Saxons have Then Duniwhistle worn wi years, n into changed m. But he does not seem to have Commanded his three sons to come, observed that in Isl. kleim-a is used in the same sense, And wait upon him in his room. aa well as klijn-a ; allino, maculo. Rmnnay's Poena, ii. 543. OLE [448] OLE

2. To to as "The haven of Brough, close by the Head, is well chatter, prattle ; especially, imply- sheltered from wind, but the N.W. ; and a small the idea of S. every ing pertness, expense might render it secure against it too, by Teut. blaterare land to a or out- klapp-en, garrire, ; klapper, garrulus, throwing a pier from the large clett, etiam to is 100 the delator ; Kilian. Belg. klapp-en, tattle ; also, standing rock, which about yards from to betray. shore." P. Dunnet, Statist. Ace., xi. 248. This term, however, seems to have been of general This is precisely the sense of Isl. klett-ur; rupes use, as common to Goths and Celts. For C. B. dep-ian mari imminens, Verel. Ind. Su.-G. klett is used with signifies to babble, and depia, also clepiivr, a talkative greater latitude, denoting a mountain or hill. Hence climb gossip, a babbler ; Owen. Su.-G. hlettra, Dan. Iclettrer, Germ. klettern, to ; est eniti vo. Klett. hoc per loca ardua ; Ihre, s. S. CLEF, Tattle, pert loquacity, synon. gab, Hire, who views klett as radically the same with Mint the term as allied to gash, clash, clatter. Belg. ydele klap, idle (S. Clint, q. v.) considers chat. klifw-a, to cleave. [CLETHLNG, s. Clothing, clothes. CLEPIE, s. A tattler, generally applied to a With vittalis and ek purvians, female " She's a clever but a ; as, lass, great And with clething and armyng. Harbour, iv. 398. MS.] clepie ;" Teviotd. This is merely Teut. klappeye, garrula, lingulaca, CLEUCH, CLEUGH (gutt.) s. 1. A preci- mulier dicax ; Kilian. pice, a rugged ascent, S. B. Heuch, synon. CLEPIE, adj. Tattling, pert, chattering, S. A clench thar was, quharoff a strenth thai maid With thuortour treis, bauldly thar abaid. CLERGY. V. CLARGIE. Fra the ta side thai mycht ische till a playne, Syn throuch the wode to the strenth pass agayn. To CLERK, CLARK, v. n. 1. To act as a Wallace, iv. 539. MS. bink bink was clerk or amanuensis to another, S. Up thro' the cleughs, where on set, Scrambling wi' hands and feet she taks the gate. 2. To compose, S. Ross's Helenore, p. 25. Rudd. defines "a rock or a clift or "Twa lines o' Davie Lyndsay wad ding a' he ever this, hill, cliff, from A.-S. Dan. Teut. clerkit." Rob Roy, ii. 159. dif, cliof, klippe, Belg. klif, klippe, scopulus, rupes." Junius adopts the same CLERK-PLAYIS, s. pi. Properly, those explanation. The editor of Compl. S. observes that the is different from that theatrical representations the subjects of popular signification quite to it Junius and Ruddiman Gl. This which were borrowed from assigned by ; Scripture. is true as to the southern parts of S. But he has not the sense In an Act of the General Assembly 1575, it is said had opportunity of observing that given by that "the playing of Clerk-playis, comedies or trage- Rudd. is that which is stifl retained in the North; dies upon the canonical parts of the Scripture, induceth and, if I mistake not, the only one in which the word and bringeth in with it a contempt and profanation of is there used. the same." It would seem, indeed, that this is the very sense in Clerk-playis are here described as composed on scrip- which it is used, Compl. S : tural subjects, in distinction from those afterwards "There brutal sound did redond to the hie skyis, mentioned, "which are not made upon authentick quhil the depe hou cauernis of cleuchis & rotche craggis parts of Scripture ;" Calderwood's Hist., p. 82. ansuert vitht ane hie not, of that samyn sound as thay Although this was the proper meaning of the term, beystis hed blauen ;" p. 59. it seems doubtful if it was not occasionally used in a The phrase, rotche craggis, or rocky craggs, is synon. in cleuchis. laxer sense ; as a poem composed by Sir R. Mait- with land "on the Quenis Maryage to the Dolphin of As used in this sense, the word seems radically the France," 1558 : same with Ir. cloiche, a rock. All everilk man burrowstownis, yow prayis 2. A hollow between banks, To maik bainfyris, fairseis, and clerk-playis; straight precipitous And, throw your rewis, carrels dans, and sing : or a hollow descent on the side of a hill, S. rin And at your croce gar wyn sindrie wayis : It occasionally occurs as to glen : As was the custome in our eldars' dayis, equivalent all bad Quhen that thai maid triumphe for ony thing. Then the yonkers him yield, Or doun the to Maitland Poems, p. 284. glen gang ; Sum cryd the couard suld be kield, Mr. Pinkerton justly observes that "these were mys- Sum doun the cleuch they thrang. teries first acted the clergy." Ibid., N. 430. From by Evergreen, ii. 184, st. 18. the proofs exhibited by Warton, there can be no doubt "The Bruce's booke calls him John de Richmond, that this was the case in England. The play of St. and he slew him in Jedward forrest ; Sir James Catherine was performed at Dunstable Abbey, by the sayes having very few with him, not above fiftie horse, and novices, in the eleventh century ; and the exhibition some archers, in a strait cleuch or valley, betweene two of the Passion, by the mendicant Friars of Coventry hills, which he had of purpose taken as a place of and other places. V. Hist. E. P., ii. 374. advantage." Hume's Hist. Doug., p. 36. CLET, CLETT, s. A rock, or cliff in the sea, The herd, wi' danderin tir'd enough, broken off from the rocks on the Had ludg'd his hirsel in the cleugh. adjoining Rev. J. Nicol's Poems, ii. 84. shore Caithn. ; E. dough is evidently the same word, thus defined

"There are here also some rocks a little off : "a kind of breach down the side lying by Verstegan " along the land, from which they are broken, and disjoynted, of a hill;" Restit. Dec. Intell. Clough, a valley in hills which they call Clets, the same with the Holms between two ; Northumb." Gl. Grose. A.-S. vel Orkney and Zetland : these Clets are almost covered dough, rima quaedam vel fissura ad mentis clivum with sea-fowls." Brand's Orkn. & Zetl., p. 152. declivum ; Sunnier. He views Dan. klof, incisura, as