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The Beauty of Magistracy ' It Discovering That Ordinance of God, Magistracy, in Its Genuine Beauty and Lustre

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The Beauty of Magistracy ' It Discovering That Ordinance of God, Magistracy, in Its Genuine Beauty and Lustre THE BMUTY OF MAGISTRACY. By THOMAS HALL, B.D. VOL. IV. [This Treatise, or Exposition, is inserted among Swinnock's WoEKS, because it is contained in the original edition of them, and it is desired that this rejwint shoidd not contain less than that edition contains, —Ed.] I — THE EPISTLE DEDICATORY. To all the pious, prudent, zealous, and magnanimous, Magistrates, Judges, Justices, and Gentry, in England, Scotland, and Ire- land, Grace and peace preservation here, and happiness for ; ever. My Lords and Gentlemen,—The dedication of this treatise was intended for the Parliament, but that being dissolved, it most pro- perly falls to 3^ou, who are, under God, the pillars of the state. Such is the corruption of the times we live in, that we are put to dispute every inch of ground with the enemies of truth, —magis- tracy, ministry. Sabbaths, sacraments, Trinity, Scriptures, &c., all things are now questioned, nothing believed or practised by many. Formerly I have vindicated baptism, learning, and the ministry, now I am come to a vindication of the magistracy. Many are the affronts and discouragements which faithful magistrates meet with from an ungrateful world, as well as ministers. i You are now cried down by those levelling libertines, the fifth monarch-men, as antichristian and beasts, by those brutish men, Jude 10, as well as we. These are their words : The beast and false prophet are the wicked, bloody, antichristian magistracy, ministry, and law- yers. 2 We are all here shipped together in the same bottom, and must sink or swim together, when these monsters of Munster reign. One while we are troubled with church-levellers, and anon with state-levellers ; but God hath, and will level all such as go about to level his ordinances, and to destroy that order which he hath set up in the world, as you may see in the treatise itself. 1 Satan planteth his strongest batteries against the royal forts of magistracy and ministry ; whoever are spared, David and Peter shall be sifted, knowing that he gains a double advantage by their miscarriage—viz., example and scandal, by which two wings it will soar higher, and fly much further. Sioinnoch. ' Vide Standard of the Fifth Monarch-men, p. 20. — — 148 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORY. The sons of Belial may as soon pull tlie stars out of the firma- ment, as totally root up magistracy and ministry. They are the two great standing ordinances of God, which must stand so long as the world stands. Mat. xxviii. 20 ; 1 Cor. xv. 24. They are the pillars of church and state ; they are like the two pillars in the porch of Solomon's temple, called Jachin and Boaz, i.e., straightness and strength, 1 Kings vii. 21.1 These are two special properties of a good pillar, it must be straight and strong ; and when supe- riors are such, then are they supporters indeed, Ps, Ixxv. 3 ; Gal. ii, 9. The Hebrews have a saying, that the world is upheld by three things—viz., by justice, religion, and gratitude; and when these three fail, the world, say they, decays. But a better than they hath told us, that when the judge and the prophet are taken away, then comes confusion and ruin, Isa. iii. 2, 5.2 When Sam- son would destroy the Philistines, he took hold on the two pillars, and brought the house upon their heads. Judges xvi. 25-27. Take away these two pillars of magistracy and ministry, and you destroy both church and state. The devil bears an inveterate hatred against these ; they are the two butts that he specially shoots at, because by them God doth especially batter his kingdom.3 Where Moses and Aaron, the word and the sword, go hand in hand together, there Satan's king- dom falls like lightning from heaven, suddenly, universally, and irresistibly. I have experimentally found a greater visible refor- mation in one year, when we had an active, prudent, pious justice in the parish,* than in twenty before, notwithstanding all my preach- ing and assisting of the officers. There should, therefore, be a sweet harmony and mutual assist- ance between magistrates and ministers, since the one helps to up- hold the other, and they are ordained by God for the mutual aid of each other. The minister wants the aid of the magistrate in tem- porals, and the magistrate wants the minister's aid in spiritual and eternal blessings. The minister hath need of the magistrate's sword to defend him against unreasonable men, and the magistrate hath ^ Nee Hesperum, nee Luciferum, forinosiorem esse justitia, dixit Aristoteles. Non est major thesaurus, non eleemosj'na opulentior, non bonum excellentius, non rea hominibus utilior, post ipsum verbi ministerium, quam magistratus suum facientes ofScium. — Luther. - Neeessarise res sunt in republica bene munitaj arces, muri, turres et arma; at nihil sunt hcec prtesidia pras uno pio principe, publictc pacis studioso. Luther. ^ Pius et magnanimus magistratus est vere Gygas, qui conatibus improborum se audet opponere; hie enim non Hectorem, non Achillem, sed ipsum prosternit Satanam. Luther in Ps. Ixxxii. * Col. Greayis. — ; THE EPISTLE DEDICATORY. 149 need of the minister's aid to maintain his authority in the con- sciences of men, Titus iii. 1. This made a learned magistrate to say, Were it but for ourselves, viz., for the upholding of magis- tracy, we had need to uphold the ministry. It is state policy and ministers may live commo- church policy so to do ; for without men diously, but not piously ; and without magistrates men may live piously, but not peaceably and commodiously. Like stones in an arch, these two help to uphold each other. Hence good Jehosha- phat joined princes and Levites together, the better to promote and countenance religion in the land, 2 Chron. xvii. 8. It is a great mercy to magistrates when they have good ministers to assist and king Uzziah did when he instruct them ; it makes them prosper, as had a good Zechariah, who had understanding in the visions of God, to counsel him, 2 Chron. xxvi. 3-5, 7, 8. Hence it is that David had his seers, Asa his Azariah, Jehoshaphat his Jehu, Heze- kiah his Isaiah, Josiah his Huldah, and Zerubbabel his Joshua. These are, or at leastwise ought to be, the magistrate's best friends by their praying, preaching, and example, they help to keep oflf sin and judgment from a land. Hence it is that the prophet Nathan is called the friend of David, 1 Kings iv. 5 ; and Jehoshaphat calls the Levites his sons, 2 Chron. xxix. 11 ; and King Joash calls Elisha his father, as King Joram had done before him, 2 Kings vi. 22, and xiii. 14. Such reverence did the great ones of the world of old shew to Grod's ambassadors. In the late troubles, we see how those places that had faithful ministers to instruct them, were ready to venture their lives and estates for the public good, when the igno- rant Welsh and Irish, and those dark corners of the earth, were habitations of cruelty. An untaught people are always an untoward people. Let there be no dissension then between us, for we are brethren. Si coUidiinur, fra'Mfimur ; if we dash one against an- other, we destroy one another. Let there be no interfering or en- croaching on each other's offices ; but let each keep within the bounds of that sphere and station, wherein his God hath set him. Magistracy and ministry are two distinct callings, as I have shewed in the treatise itself, i And since the discouragements are many which magistrates meet withal in the faithful discharge of their duty, I have therefore set before you the dignity of your calling, and shewed how sensible ^ Magistratus est ordinatio Dei Creatoris, et ad omne genus hominum spectat ; sed ministerium ecelesiastieum est donum et ordinatio Christi Mediatoris, ideoque non proprie et jure ordinario spectat nisi ad illos qui de ecclcsia Christi. Ames. Medid., lib. ii. cap. 17, sec. 48. — — — 150 THE EPISTLE DEDICATOEY. God is of any indignities that are done unto you. Yet, lest any should be puffed up with his honours, the Holy Ghost presently adds the mortality of magistrates, and tells them, though they be earthly gods, yet they must die like men; and though they have been judges of the world, yet at last they must be judged them- selves and lest any should pretend ignorance of their duty, in this ; psalm, which I may fitly call the magistrates' directory, is set forth, 1. Negatively, what magistrates must not do; 2. Affirma- tively, what they ought to do, with many reasons dispersed through the psalm to quicken them to their duty. So that I do not know a more lively psalm for this purpose, all things considered, in the whole Book of Psalms ; so sharp and searching it is, that the bare singing of it at Westminster, the Sabbath before the judges were to vote concerning ship-money, brought the man into question that caused it to be sung ; and yet the psalm was composed, as the learned conceive, that it might be sung either at the creation of new magistrates, or else before the old ones, before they went to the judgment-seat. I have the rather been induced to this work, because I have ob- i served that such as rulers are, such usually are the people ; if they ' be erroneous, the people will quickly follow them : Isa. iii. 12, my people, they which lead thee cause thee to err.' 2 One sinner, especially in authority, destroys much good, Eccles, ix.
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