Cold War Infrastructure for Air Defense: the Fighter and Command Missions

COLD WAR INFRASTRUCTURE FOR AIR DEFENSE: THE FIGHTER AND COMMAND MISSIONS Prepared for Headquarters, Air Combat Command Langley Air Force Base, Virginia November 1999 Table of Contents Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................v List of Acronyms .............................................................................................................................vii Introduction......................................................................................................................................ix Chapter 1: Cold War Events and the Operational Infrastructure of the Air Force.....................................1 1946-1950......................................................................................................................................1 The Germans ..............................................................................................................................1 The Major Commands and First Generation Infrastructure .............................................................3 ADC and ANG........................................................................................................................4 SAC .......................................................................................................................................5 The 1950s.......................................................................................................................................6 Evolution of the Directorate of Civil Engineering ..........................................................................6 Achieving Standardized Design ................................................................................................7 Prefabricated Structures, the Steel Industry, and Mobilization.....................................................8 The Major Commands and Second Generation Infrastructure .........................................................9 ADC and TAC ........................................................................................................................9 SAC .....................................................................................................................................11 After 1960.................................................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 2: Evolution of Key Property Types ......................................................................................19 First Generation Alert Hangars ...................................................................................................... 20 The Overseas, Mobilization Hangar............................................................................................24 The Gable-Roofed Anomaly.......................................................................................................26 Primary Buildout: the Strobel & Salzman Hangar........................................................................29 The Butler Alert Hangar ............................................................................................................40 First Generation Modified, and Second Generation, Alert Hangars................................................... 43 Modifications for the First Generation Hangars ...........................................................................43 Second Generation ADC Alert Hangar .......................................................................................48 TAC Hangars of the 1960s and 1970s............................................................................................. 54 Support Structures for Alert........................................................................................................... 62 The Readiness Crew Dormitory and Squadron Operations............................................................62 Flight Simulator ........................................................................................................................63 Readiness/Maintenance Hangars ................................................................................................63 Aircraft Shelters........................................................................................................................71 Electronics and Calibration Structures ........................................................................................72 Hardened Aircraft Shelters for Overseas .....................................................................................74 Weapons Checkout and Storage .................................................................................................74 First Generation: Small Arms Storage .....................................................................................75 Second Generation: FFARs and GARs....................................................................................75 Third Generation: The Nuclear-Tipped Genie ..........................................................................76 First Generation ADC Command and Control Structures................................................................. 79 Second Generation ADC Command and Control: SAGE ................................................................. 90 Third Generation ADC Command and Control: BUIC and Post-BUIC........................................... 104 Chapter 3: Character-Defining Features and National Register Integrity ............................................. 113 First Generation Alert Hangar...................................................................................................... 114 First Generation (Modified) and Second Generation Alert Hangars ............................................... 118 TAC Hangars ............................................................................................................................. 120 Support Structures for Alert......................................................................................................... 120 First Generation Command and Control........................................................................................ 122 i Second Generation Command and Control: SAGE ........................................................................ 127 Third Generation Command and Control: BUIC and Post-BUIC.................................................... 132 Chapter 4: Real Property Management of Historic ADC and TAC Infrastructure ................................ 133 Barksdale Air Force Base ............................................................................................................ 135 Beale Air Force Base .................................................................................................................. 136 Cannon Air Force Base ............................................................................................................... 137 Davis-Monthan Air Force Base ................................................................................................... 138 Dyess Air Force Base.................................................................................................................. 139 Ellsworth Air Force Base ............................................................................................................ 140 Holloman Air Force Base ............................................................................................................ 141 Langley Air Force Base .............................................................................................................. 142 Minot Air Force Base.................................................................................................................. 143 Moody Air Force Base................................................................................................................ 144 Mountain Home Air Force Base .................................................................................................. 145 Nellis Air Force Base.................................................................................................................. 146 Offutt Air Force Base.................................................................................................................. 147 Seymour Johnson Air Force Base ................................................................................................ 148 Shaw Air Force Base .................................................................................................................. 149 Whiteman Air Force Base ........................................................................................................... 150 Chapter 5: Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 151 Current ACC Installations: Issues of Inventory ............................................................................. 152 Fighter-Interceptor Alert Hangars............................................................................................. 152 Support Structures................................................................................................................... 152 Command and Control............................................................................................................. 152 Current ACC Real Property: Issues of Documents and Drawings 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