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Cold War Infrastructure for Air Defense: the Fighter and Command Missions
COLD WAR INFRASTRUCTURE FOR AIR DEFENSE: THE FIGHTER AND COMMAND MISSIONS Prepared for Headquarters, Air Combat Command Langley Air Force Base, Virginia November 1999 Table of Contents Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................v List of Acronyms .............................................................................................................................vii Introduction......................................................................................................................................ix Chapter 1: Cold War Events and the Operational Infrastructure of the Air Force.....................................1 1946-1950......................................................................................................................................1 The Germans ..............................................................................................................................1 The Major Commands and First Generation Infrastructure .............................................................3 ADC and ANG........................................................................................................................4 SAC .......................................................................................................................................5 The 1950s.......................................................................................................................................6 -
Defense - Military Base Realignments and Closures (1)” of the John Marsh Files at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 11, folder “Defense - Military Base Realignments and Closures (1)” of the John Marsh Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 11 of The John Marsh Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 31, 197 5 MEMORANDUM TO: JACK MARSH FROM: RUSS ROURKE I discussed the Ft. Dix situation with Rep. Ed Forsythe again. As you may know, I reviewed the matter with Marty Hoffman at noon yesterday, and with Col. Kenneth Bailey several days ago. Actually, I exchanged intelligence information with him. Hoffman and Bailey advised me that no firm decision has as yet been made with regard to the retention of the training function at Dix. On Novem ber 5, Marty Hotfman will receive a briefing by Army staff on pos sible "back fill'' organizations that may be available to go to Dix in the event the training function moves out. -
The Magazine of RAF 100 Group Association
. The magazine of RAF 100 Group Association RAF 100 Group Association Chairman Roger Dobson: Tel: 01407 710384 RAF 100 Group Association Secretary Janine Bradley: Tel: 01723 512544 Email: [email protected] www.raf100groupassociation.org.uk Home to Memorabilia of RAF 100 Group Association City of Norwich Aviation Museum Old Norwich Road, Horsham St Faith, Norwich, Norfolk NR10 3JF Telephone: 01603 893080 www.cnam.co.uk 2 Dear Friends The memories of our absolutely incredible Reunion weekend still form a lake of remembrance in my mind and a huge THANK YOU must go to everyone who not just made it possible, but created such a very special occasion. We’re so sorry you missed it, Richard (Forder), and that you are no longer part of our Committee. However, I’m sure you will still be there to share your knowledge when needed. One face amongst many to share our Reunion was Stephen Hutton. He joins our Committee for the future representing the 8 th Air Force which flew in partnership with RAF 100 Group, based in Norfolk. Stephen travelled from the States with his wife Pam to be our Guest Speaker and an introduction piece is included by him in this magazine. I would also share my unexpected pleasure and surprise in having my younger sister Gill join the Reunion all the way from the island of Mull in the Hebrides. By request, I have put her face next to mine in the photograph to introduce her to you. We have always been so close, and it was an absolute delight to have her share my world, with Kevan her partner joining us for a meal at The Plough on Friday evening, then seeing them again at the service at Horsham St Faith before the long ride home. -
Sir Frank Cooper on Air Force Policy in the 1950S & 1960S
The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society Copyright © Royal Air Force Historical Society, 1993 All rights reserved. 1 Copyright © 1993 by Royal Air Force Historical Society First published in the UK in 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. Printed by Hastings Printing Company Limited Royal Air Force Historical Society 2 THE PROCEEDINGS OFTHE ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY Issue No 11 President: Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Committee Chairman: Air Marshal Sir Frederick B Sowrey KCB CBE AFC General Secretary: Group Captain J C Ainsworth CEng MRAeS Membership Secretary: Commander P O Montgomery VRD RNR Treasurer: D Goch Esq FCCA Programme Air Vice-Marshal G P Black CB OBE AFC Sub-Committee: Air Vice-Marshal F D G Clark CBE BA Air Commodore J G Greenhill FBIM T C G James CMG MA *Group Captain I Madelin Air Commodore H A Probert MBE MA Group Captain A R Thompson MBE MPhil BA FBIM MIPM Members: A S Bennell Esq MA BLitt *Dr M A Fopp MA PhD FMA FBIM A E Richardson *Group Captain N E Taylor BSc D H Wood Comp RAeS * Ex-officio The General Secretary Regrettably our General Secretary of five years standing, Mr B R Jutsum, has found it necessary to resign from the post and the committee. -
911 Communicator Questions to Ask Of
911 Communicator Questions to ask of Severe Weather Spotters 1. Name, home address, and telephone number. 2. Is caller a trained severe weather spotter. 3. Time of call. 4. Time of severe weather event (may be different than call time). 5. Location of severe weather event, which may be different from location where spotter called from. (If spotter doesn’t say 1.2 miles southeast of Anytown, then request names of streets at nearest intersection). 6. Type of Weather Event – (most common to least common order) a. If it’s a wind report, ask if the reported speed is measured or estimated. b. If it’s a wind damage report, ask caller to estimate how many trees are damaged, uprooted, etc., or extent and severity of structural damage. c. If it’s a hail event, ask if the reported size is measured or estimated. (penny, nickel, quarter, golf ball, soft ball, etc.) d. If it’s a flood report, ask caller to estimate depth of water on roads or on lawns, ask if the water is stationary or moving, and extent or severity of damage. e. If it’s a “rotating wall-cloud” report, i. Persistent rotation (usually on backside of storm) = true rotating wall-cloud. ii. No rotation = scary-looking cloud (scud), or a non-rotating wall-cloud. f. If it’s a funnel-cloud report, ask caller if the funnel-shaped cloud is actually rotating. If the caller is too far away from the funnel-cloud they may not be able to see rotation. i. No rotation = just a scary-looking cloud (scud). -
Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory figures As of Sept
Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2014. By Aaron M. U. Church, Associate Editor I 2015 USAF Almanac BOMBER AIRCRAFT flight controls actuate trailing edge surfaces that combine aileron, elevator, and rudder functions. New EHF satcom and high-speed computer upgrade B-1 Lancer recently entered full production. Both are part of the Defensive Management Brief: A long-range bomber capable of penetrating enemy defenses and System-Modernization (DMS-M). Efforts are underway to develop a new VLF delivering the largest weapon load of any aircraft in the inventory. receiver for alternative comms. Weapons integration includes the improved COMMENTARY GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator and JASSM-ER and future weapons The B-1A was initially proposed as replacement for the B-52, and four pro- such as GBU-53 SDB II, GBU-56 Laser JDAM, JDAM-5000, and LRSO. Flex- totypes were developed and tested in 1970s before program cancellation in ible Strike Package mods will feed GPS data to the weapons bays to allow 1977. The program was revived in 1981 as B-1B. The vastly upgraded aircraft weapons to be guided before release, to thwart jamming. It also will move added 74,000 lb of usable payload, improved radar, and reduced radar cross stores management to a new integrated processor. Phase 2 will allow nuclear section, but cut maximum speed to Mach 1.2. The B-1B first saw combat in and conventional weapons to be carried simultaneously to increase flexibility. Iraq during Desert Fox in December 1998. -
Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S
Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Updated December 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS21513 Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Summary Kuwait has been pivotal to the decades-long U.S. effort to secure the Persian Gulf region because of its consistent cooperation with U.S. military operations in the region and its key location in the northern Gulf. Kuwait and the United States have a formal Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA), under which the United States maintains over 13,000 military personnel in country and prepositioned military equipment in Kuwait to project power in the region. Only Germany, Japan, and South Korea host more U.S. troops than does Kuwait. Kuwait usually acts in concert not only with the United States but also with allies in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman). However, Kuwait tends to favor mediation of regional issues over commitments of military force. Kuwait is the lead Gulf mediator of the intra-GCC rift that erupted in June 2017 when Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Bahrain moved to isolate Qatar. Kuwait hosts the operational command center for U.S.-led Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) that has combatted the Islamic State. Refraining from intervening in Syria’s civil war, Kuwait has instead hosting donor conferences for civilian victims of the conflict and providing aid to Jordan for its hosting of Syrian refugees. Kuwait is participating militarily in the Saudi-led coalition that is trying to defeat the Shiite “Houthi” rebel movement in Yemen. Kuwait generally supports U.S. -
Cambridgshire Memories of the Cold War Era
Cambridgshire Memories of the Cold War era Our mission: to research, record and archive the local history of the Cold War era working with Cambridgeshire residents to tell our stories and commemorate 30 years since the Fall of The Berlin Wall. SpyNet is a National Heritage Lottery Funded project, led by New International Theatre Company. Thanks to partners The Norris Museum, Ramsey Neighbourhoods Trust, Ramsey Youth Club (Crunch) and The Library Presents. Introduction The following texts are transcriptions of interviews from people who give a variety of personal perspectives on the Cold War. These are mainly from those serving professionally with RAF, USAFE, Civil Defence or the Intelligence services; but also included are the insights of a teenager growing up on a base, an artist who lived on the Soviet side of the Iron Curtain and the memories of people who protested at Molesworth. The memories begin in the '60s and cover the height of the Cold War in the '80s. The contributors all have a connection to Cambridgeshire, highlighting the importance of this period of history for the region. Today the activities have changed, USAFE U2 spy planes no longer fly from Alconbury and the RAF Nimrods no longer fly from Wyton, however cyber-espionage continues apace at undisclosed locations. The physical landscape is changing too with RAF Molesworth, Alconbury and Upwood all facing closure and re-purposing to housing development, but the memories stay with those who lived through a unique historical era. 1 2 contents 1. Alan Robson - RAF Wyton and RAF Gatow................................... 5 2. Anne Robson - RAF Gatow (Berlin) ........................................... -
Chapter 4 Atmospheric Moisture, Condensation, and Clouds
9/13/2012 Chapter 4 Atmospheric Moisture, Condensation, and Clouds. The sun’s electromagnetic spectrum and some of the descriptive names of each region. The numbers underneath the curve approximate the percent of energy the sun radiates in various regions. 0.4 μm = 400 nm 0.7 μm = 700 nm The daily variation in air temperature is controlled by incoming energy (primarily from the sun) and outgoing energy from the earth’s surface. Where incoming energy exceeds outgoing energy (orange shade), the air temperature rises. Where outgoing energy exceeds incoming energy (gray The hotter sun not only radiates more energy than that of the cooler earth (the area shade), the air under the curve), but it also radiates the majority of its energy at much shorter temperature falls. wavelengths. (The area under the curves is equal to the total energy emitted, and the scales for the two curves differ by a factor of 100,000.) 1 9/13/2012 The average annual incoming solar radiation (yellow line) absorbed by the earth and the atmosphere along with the average annual infrared radiation (red line) emitted by the earth and the atmosphere. Water can exist in 3 phases, depending Evaporation, Condensation, upon pressure and temperature. & Saturation • Evaporation is the change of liquid into a gas and requires heat. • Condensation is the change of a gas into a liquid and releases heat. • Condensation nuclei • Sublimation: solid to gaseous state without becoming a liquid. • Saturation is an equilibrium condition http://www.sci.uidaho.edu/scripter/geog100/l http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Che in which for each molecule that ect/05‐atmos‐water‐wx/ch5‐part‐2‐water‐ mistry/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/Phas phases.htm e_Transitions/Phase_Diagrams_1 evaporates, one condenses. -
Cold War Scrapbook Compiled by Frances Mckenney, Assistant Managing Editor
Cold War Scrapbook Compiled by Frances McKenney, Assistant Managing Editor The peace following World War II was short- lived. Soviet forces never went home, kept occupied areas under domination, and threatened free nations worldwide. By 1946, Winston Churchill had declared, “An iron curtain has descended across the conti- nent.” Thus began a 45-year struggle between the diametrically opposed worldviews of the US and the Soviet Union. In 1948, the USSR cut off land access to free West Berlin, launch- ing the first major “battle” of the Cold War: the Berlin Airlift. Through decades of changes in strategy, tactics, locations, and technology, the Air Force was at the forefront. The Soviet Union was contained, and eventually, freedom won out. Bentwaters. Bitburg. Clark. Loring. Soes- terberg. Suwon. Wurtsmith—That so many Cold War bases are no longer USAF instal- lations is a tribute to how the airmen there did their jobs. While with the 333rd Tactical Fighter Training Squadron at Davis-Monthan AFB, Ariz., in 1975, Capt. Thomas McKee asked a friend to take this “hero shot” of him with an A-7. McKee flew the Corsair II as part of Tactical Air Command, at Myrtle Beach AFB, S.C. He was AFA National President and Chairman of the Board (1998-2002). Assigned to the 1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Beale AFB, Calif., RSO Maj. Thomas Veltri (right) and Maj. Duane Noll prepare for an SR-71 mission from RAF Mildenhall, UK, in the mid- 1980s. Veltri’s most memora- ble Blackbird sortie: “We lost an engine in the Baltic, north of Gotland Island, and ended up at 25,000 feet, with a dozen MiGs chasing us.” Retired Lt. -
Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy
Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Updated December 4, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS21513 Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Summary Kuwait has been pivotal to the decades-long U.S. effort to secure the Persian Gulf region because of its consistent cooperation with U.S. military operations in the region and its key location in the northern Gulf. Kuwait and the United States have a formal Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA), under which the United States maintains over 13,000 military personnel in country and prepositions military equipment to be able to project power in the region. Kuwait is a partner not only of the United States but also of the other hereditary monarchies of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman). Kuwaiti forces are part of the Saudi-led coalition that is trying to defeat the Iran-backed “Houthi” rebel movement in Yemen, but Kuwait has also sought to mediate a resolution to that and other regional conflicts. Kuwait has been the main GCC mediator seeking to end the intra-GCC rift that erupted in June 2017 when Saudi Arabia and the UAE moved to isolate Qatar. Kuwait has refrained from intervening in Syria’s civil war, instead hosting several donor conferences for victims of the Syrian civil conflict as well as to fund Iraq’s recovery from the Islamic State challenge and ameliorate the effects of regional conflict on Jordan’s economy. Kuwait has not followed some of the other GCC states in building quiet ties to the government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Israel. -
America's Changing Mirror: How Popular Music Reflects Public
AMERICA’S CHANGING MIRROR: HOW POPULAR MUSIC REFLECTS PUBLIC OPINION DURING WARTIME by Christina Tomlinson Campbell University Faculty Mentor Jaclyn Stanke Campbell University Entertainment is always a national asset. Invaluable in times of peace, it is indispensable in wartime. All those who are working in the entertainment industry are building and maintaining national morale both on the battlefront and on the home front. 1 Franklin D. Roosevelt, June 12, 1943 Whether or not we admit it, societies change in wartime. It is safe to say that after every war in America’s history, society undergoes large changes or embraces new mores, depending on the extent to which war has affected the nation. Some of the “smaller wars” in our history, like the Mexican-American War or the Spanish-American War, have left little traces of change that scarcely venture beyond some territorial adjustments and honorable mentions in our textbooks. Other wars have had profound effects in their aftermath or began as a result of a 1 Telegram to the National Conference of the Entertainment Industry for War Activities, quoted in John Bush Jones, The Songs that Fought the War: Popular Music and the Home Front, 1939-1945 (Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2006), 31. catastrophic event: World War I, World War II, Vietnam, and the current wars in the Middle East. These major conflicts create changes in society that are experienced in the long term, whether expressed in new legislation, changed social customs, or new ways of thinking about government. While some of these large social shifts may be easy to spot, such as the GI Bill or the baby boom phenomenon in the 1940s and 1950s, it is also interesting to consider the changed ways of thinking in modern societies as a result of war and the degree to which information is filtered.