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Liste 6: Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste Zur Bestimmungsliteratur Für Coelomyceten

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Liste 6: Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste Zur Bestimmungsliteratur Für Coelomyceten Pilzgattungen Europas - Liste 6: Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste zur Bestimmungsliteratur für Coelomyceten Bernhard Oertel INRES Universität Bonn Auf dem Hügel 6 D-53121 Bonn E-mail: [email protected] 24.06.2011 Zu den Abbildungsangaben in dieser Datei: Darstellungen von Coelomyceten, wie sie draußen in der Natur anzutreffen sind, sind eher rar, daher wurden auch hier einige Abbildungswerke zitiert. Solche Standort-Darstellungen finden sich z.B. in Migula, Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Deutsch-Österreich und der Schweiz, Fungi Imperfecti, Bd. 4/1 1921 und Bd. 4/2 1934 (s. im Internet bei Biblioteca digital del Real Jardin Botanico Madrid, dort jedoch nur Band 4/1 eingescant) und in Saccardo (1877-1886), Fungi Italici Autographice Delineati (s. im Internet bei Cyberliber). Weitere Abbildungen finden sich meist auch in den angegebenen Literaturstellen, die in den Rubriken "Bestimm. d. Gatt." und "Lit." aufgelistet sind. Asco- und Basidiomycota-Phylogenie und der Fall der imperfekten Rostpilze Coelomyceten-Gattungen können ihren phylogenetischen Anschluss sowohl bei den Basidiomycota als auch bei den Ascomycota haben. Beide phylogenetische Gruppen sind hier gleichrangig und alfabetisch vermischt abgehandelt. In der Konsequenz sind auch die imperfekten Pilze mit Rostpilz-Phylogenie in jedem Fall aus den Dateien und Abhandlungen der perfekten Pilze herauszunehmen und in denen der imperfekten Pilze (Deuteromyceten) unterzubringen. Diese imperfekten Roste werden hier in der Coelomyceten-Datei abgehandelt, ungeachtet der Frage, ob sie formal den Hypho- od. Coelomyceten zugeordnet werden müssen; dies sind z.B. die Formgattungen Aecidium, Caeoma, Kunkelia, Lecythea, Milesia, Peridermium, Pomatomyces, Roestelia, Uredo und Wardia. Die imperfekten Brandpilze gehören generell den Hypho- oder Blastomyceten an und finden sich entsprechend in der Hyphomyceten-Datei. Spermatien-Stadien von Pilzen Längst nicht alle Spermatien-Stadien (Andromorfen) von Pilzen haben von den Mykologen einen eigenen Namen bekommen. Ist also ein Coelomycet mit sehr schmalen "Konidien" nicht in den Bestimmungsschlüsseln zu finden, könnte es sich also um solch einen Fall handeln. Das gleiche gilt besonders auch bei Flechten und Rostpilzen. Es sollte dann versucht werden, über den Wirt oder das Substrat oder auf Grund von äußerlichen Ähnlichkeiten die Zuordnung zur Teleomorfe zu ermitteln. Coelomyceten-Synanamorfen von Hyphomyceten Einige Hyphomyceten-Arten kommen z.T. auch in Form eines Coelomyceten-Fruchtkörpers vor. Normalerweise wird dann von Synanamorfen gesprochen, für die eine Formgattung der Coelomyceten als Heimat ausgewählt werden sollte. In einigen Fällen glaubt man ohne die Ansprache einer Coelomyceten- Synanamorfe auszukommen und verzichtet auf eine formale Benennung als Coelomycet. Eine Deuteromyceten-Art, die meist als Hyphomycet angetroffen wird, die aber ab und zu eine der Formen der Coelomyceten-Conidiomata wie z.B. Acervuli oder becherförmige Fruchtkörper (Excipulaceen-Typ) ausbildet, sollte besser aus der ursprünglichen Hyphomyceten-Formgattung herausgenommen und in eine geeignete Coelomyceten-Formgattung hineingegeben werden (sofern man nicht einfach zwei Synanamorfen anerkennen will). Diese Wuchsform mit Coelomyceten-Fruchtkörper-Ausbildung sollte dann namensgebend sein. Solche pleomorfen Arten gibt es z.B. in folgenden Hyphomyceten-Gattungen: Alternaria: Rhopalidium-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Cylindrocolla: Creothyrium-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Drechslera: Angiopoma-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe; hier in dieser Datei geführt Fusarium (selten mit Acervuli): Das seltene Auftreten der Acervuli entbindet nicht von der Suche eines geeigneten Formgattungsnamens; vgl. auch die "Fälle" von Trichofusarium rusci u. Botryocrea sclerotioides, s. beide hier in der Coelomyceten-Datei Fusicladium (Spilocaea): Basiascum-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Sarcopodium (Actinostilbe): Cyphina-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Tubercularia: Ollula-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Vermiculariopsiella: Oramasia-Coelomyceten-Synanamorfe? Nicht aufgezählt sind hier natürlich alle weiteren Fälle von Coelomyceten-Synanamorfen, die in der Coelomyceten-Datei als vollwertige Coelomyceten-Formgattungen erwähnt werden. Bei der zukünftigen "Ein-Pilz-ein-Name"-Strategie der Benennung sollte man immer die potentielle Fähigkeit eines Organismus zum höchst-organisierten Fruchtkörper-Aufbau anerkennen und den höherwertigen Fruchtkörpern die Priorität für die Namensgebung einräumen. Die Häufigkeit des Auftretetens der jeweiligen höherwertigen Organisationstufe sollte dabei keine Rolle spielen, da die höherwertige Organisationsstufe im Lebenszyklus eines Pilzes z.T. ziemlich selten ausgebildet wird. Liste der Form-Gattungen der Coelomyceten [zum Begriff Coelomycet s. Grove (1935), Bd. 1, S. XIII]: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1) Hauptliste 2) Liste der heute nicht mehr gebräuchlichen Gattungsnamen (Anhang) 3) Literatur 1) Hauptliste Abrothallus de Not. 1846 (als Coelomyceten wachsende Stadien): Lit.: Hawksworth (1981), 72 (doch s. auch unter Vouauxiomyces) Acaroconium Kocourkova & Hawksw. 2008: Lebensweise: Nicht-lichenisiert-lichenicol Typus (monotypisch): A. punctiforme Kocourkova & Hawksw. [Nachweis: Tschechien] Erstbeschr.: Kocourkova, J. u. D.L. Hawksworth (2008), Acaroconium ..., Lichenol. 40, 105-109 Acarospora (als Coelomyceten-Stadium): Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Smith, C.W. et al. (2009), Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland, 119 Acarosporium Bub. & Vleugel in Bub. 1911: Lebensweise: Z.T. nicht-lichenisiert-lichenicol Typus: A. sympodiale Bub. & Vleugel in Bub. [Teleomorfe: Pycnopeziza sympodialis White & Whetzel ex B. Sutton] [Anateleo-Rel. anerkannt von 4)] Weitere Anateleo-Relationen: Acarosporium quisquiliare, Anamorfe von Pycnopeziza pachyderma [Anateleo-Rel. anerkannt von 4)] Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Höhnel (1923), Nr. 290; Michaelides et al.-Schlüssel (1979); Sutton (1980) Abb.: Iconographia Mycol. 50, A1286; Hennebert u. Bellemère (1979), Rev. Mycol. 43, 288 (Abb. 4M,N) Erstbeschr.: Bubak (1911), Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 29, 384 Lit.: Nag Raj (1974), Icones Generum Coelomycetum 6, Univ. Waterloo Biol. Ser. 13, 3 Nag Raj (1993) Santesson et al. (2004), 14 (lichenicole Art) Sutton (1977), 5 (anerkannte Gattung) Sutton (1980) s. ferner in 1) Acleistia Bayl.-Ell. 1917: Typus: A. alniella Bayl.-Ell. [Teleomorfe: Calycellina alniella (Nyl.) Baral] [Anateleo-Rel. anerkannt von 4)] Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Grove-Schlüssel (1935/37), 1, XVII; 2, 125 u. 129; Sutton (1980) Erstbeschr.: Bayliss-Elliott (1917), TBMS 5, 417 (S. 420) Lit.: Berthet (1964), BSMF 80, 136 Sutton (1977), 5 (anerkannte Gattung) Sutton (1980) Actinopelte s. Tubakia Actinostilbe s. Sarcopodium Actinothecium Ces. in Rabenh. 1854 (non Flot. in Schuchardt 1855; ist Verrucaria): Typus: A. caricicola Ces. in Rabenh. Nachweis: S.-Europa etc. Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Clements u. Shear-Schlüssel, 189; Höhnel (1923), Nr. 213 Erstbeschr.(ersatzweise): Lindau (1900), 387 Lit.: Allescher, Rbh. Bd. 7 (1903), 346 Sutton (1977), 222 (erwähnt) NICHT in Sutton (1980) Actinothyrium Kunze in Kunze & Schmidt : Fr. 1823 (= Cylindrothyrium): Typus: A. graminis Kunze in Kunze & Schmidt : Fr. [die Beziehung zur in der Lit. angegebenen Teleomorfe Lophodermium apiculatum (Wormsk. in Fr. : Fr.) Duby halte ich für fraglich] Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Batista u. Ciferri-Schlüssel (1959), 6 u. 73; Diedicke (1915), 731; Grove-Schlüssel (1935/37), 1, XVII; 2, 162 u. 199; Höhnel (1923), Nr. 209 u. 546 Abb.: Iconographia Mycol. 40 A1006 Erstbeschr.(ersatzweise): Lindau (1900), 391 Lit.: Allescher, Rbh. Bd. 7 (1903), 386 Batista u. Ciferri (1959), 4, 73 u. 80 Grove (1937), 2, 200 [eine Art mit inversen Pycnothyrien] Maire, R. ("1906", p. 1907), Flore mycologique de L'Afrique du Nord, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53, S. CLXXIX (S. 189) (Cylindrothyrium) Mulenko, Majewski u. Ruszkiewicz-Michalska (2008), A preliminary checklist of micromycetes in Poland, 512 Sutton (1977), 222 (erwähnt) u. 226 (erwähnt) NICHT in Sutton (1980) s. ferner in 1) Aecidium Pers. in Gmelin 1792 : Pers. 1801 (imperfekte Formen von Rostpilzen ohne Anschluss an eine Teleomorfe, provisorisch hier in der Coelomyceten-Datei untergebracht) (vgl. Caeoma): Lebensweise: Phytoparasitisch wie alle Rostpilze Typus [Lectotypus durch Laundon (1965), Mycol. Pap. 99, 3]: A. berberidis Pers. : Pers.; Teleomorfe: Puccinia graminis Pers. : Pers. Europäische Beispiel-Arten ohne Anschluss an eine Teleomorfe: Ae. aconiti-napelli (DC.) Wint. Ae. aposeridis Namysl. Ae. belladonnae Paul & Poelt Ae. hepaticae Berk. Ae. isopyri Schröt. Ae. otitis Schlechtend. Ae. pardalianches Bergamaschi Ae. philippianum Scholler Ae. pseudocolumnare Kühn Ae. raciborskii Wroblewski Ae. ranunculi-acris Pers. Ae. rehderianum Magn. Ae. scabiosae (Dozy & Molkenb.) Wint. Ae. schroeppelianum Paul & Poelt Ae. senecionis-crispati Schröt. Ae. teodorescui O. & T. Savulescu Ae. tranzschelianum Lindr. Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Arx-Schlüssel (1987), 126; Cummins u. Hiratsuka (2003), 37; Laundon in Ainsworth et al. (1973), The Fungi 4B, 264 Abb.: Cummins u. Hiratsuka (2003), 3F Erstbeschr.(ersatzweise): Dietel in Engler u. Prantl (1928), 97 Lit.: Brandenburger (1985), 1040 Brandenburger (1994), 123 Braun (1982), Feddes Repert. 93, 310 Cummins u. Hiratsuka (2003), 37 Mulenko, Majewski u. Ruszkiewicz-Michalska (2008), A preliminary checklist of micromycetes in Poland, 263 Poelt u. Zwetko (1997) Rossman et al. (1987) Agyriellopsis Höhn. 1903: Typus: A. caeruleoatra Höhn. Bestimm. d. Gatt.: Clements u. Shear-Schlüssel (1931), 193; Höhnel (1923), Nr. 124; Sutton (1980) Erstbeschr.: Höhnel (1903), AM 1,
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