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REPORT on APPLES – Fruit Pathway and Alert List

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REPORT on APPLES – Fruit Pathway and Alert List EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 5 - REPORT on APPLES – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Wistermann A, Steffen K, Grousset F, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/107o25ccc1b2c DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background on apple .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Data on production and trade of apple fruit ................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Pathway ‘apple fruit’ ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.1 Presence of green parts .................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Harvest, sorting and packaging ......................................................................................................... 4 1.3.3 Duration of storage and conditions of transport ................................................................................. 4 1.3.4 Existing regulation ............................................................................................................................ 4 2. Methods for assembling lists of pests and selection system for the Alert List ...................................... 4 2.1 Step 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Step 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Selection system for the alert list ........................................................................................................... 5 3. Results: Pests listed at steps 1 and 2 and Alert list ....................................................................................... 6 3.1 Step 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 Step 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.3 Alert List ................................................................................................................................................. 6 3.4 Possible gaps in data and pests missing from the lists .......................................................................... 7 3.5 Other findings of interest during the preparation of the Alert List .................................................................. 7 4 Conclusions/Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 8 5 References .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 ANNEX 1. Detailed data on imports of apples to the EU .................................................................................. 10 A. Quantities (in 100 kg) of apples traded within the EU, imported from EPPO non-EU countries and from non-EPPO countries respectively between 2002 and 2012 .......................................................................... 10 B. Quantities (in 100 kg) of apples imported to the EU by regions and countries between 2002 and 2012.. 10 ANNEX 2. Categories of pests retained on the Alert List ................................................................................. 12 ANNEX 3. Organisms excluded from further consideration at Step 1 ............................................................ 13 ANNEX 4. List of pests remaining for consideration for the Alert List at step 2 ........................................... 28 ANNEX 5. Apple alert list .................................................................................................................................... 31 PART 1 – PESTS WITH HIGH ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND MORE LIKELY TO TRANSFER.................... 31 Pathogens ......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Colletotrichum fructicola (Ascomycota) ............................................................................................................. 31 Insects ............................................................................................................................................................... 33 Aegorhinus superciliosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)...................................................................................... 33 Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) .......................................................................................... 34 Phlyctinus callosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) ............................................................................................... 34 Proeulia auraria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ........................................................................................................ 35 Spilonota albicana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) .................................................................................................... 36 PART 2 – PESTS WITH LESSER ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND MORE LIKELY TO TRANSFER, OR HIGH ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE BUT LESS LIKELY TO TRANSFER ....................................................................... 37 Pathogens ......................................................................................................................................................... 37 Helminthosporium papulosum (Ascomycota) .................................................................................................... 37 Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens (Ascomycota) ....................................................................................................... 37 Insects ............................................................................................................................................................... 38 Archips argyrospilus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ................................................................................................. 38 Archips breviplicanus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ............................................................................................... 38 Archips fuscocupreanus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ........................................................................................... 39 Archips micaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ................................................................................................... 40 Archips pomivora (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ..................................................................................................... 40 1 Argyresthia assimilis (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) ........................................................................................ 41 Argyrotaenia citrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ................................................................................................. 41 Argyrotaenia pomililiana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ........................................................................................... 42 Argyrotaenia velutinana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ........................................................................................... 42 Bonagota cranaodes (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ................................................................................................ 43 Ctenopseustis obliquana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) .......................................................................................... 43 Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) ............................................................................................ 44 Dichocrocis punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) .......................................................................................... 45 Euzophera pyriella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) ..................................................................................................... 46 Lacanobia subjuncta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ................................................................................................. 46 Lygocoris communis (Heteroptera: Miridae) ..................................................................................................... 47 Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera: Miridae)
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