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PUB DATE 93 NOTE 127P. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) DOCUMENT RESUME ED 370 406 FL 022 180 TITLE Language Issues in Distance Education. Dunford Seminar Report (16th, England, United Kingdom, 1993). INSTITUTION British Council, London (England). PUB DATE 93 NOTE 127p. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Cognitive Style; Comparative Analysis; Costs; *Distance Education; *Educational Technology; Educational Television; Elementary Secondary Education; *English (Second Language); Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Inservice Teacher Education; Instructional Materials; *Language Role; Media Selection; Multimedia Instruction; Nontraditional Education; Open Universities; *Program Administration; Teacher Educotion; Teaching Methods; Teleconferencing IDENTIFIERS Mauritius; Open University (Great Britain); Zimbabwe ABSTRACT A collection of articles from a 1993 British seminar on language issues in distance education includes: "The End of Distance Education" (Iredale); "The Logistics of Distance Language Teaching" (Turner); "The Open University and Language Issues" (Floyd); "Language Issues in Distance Education at Tertiary Level" (Graddol); "Textual Strategies for Diverse Audiences" (Graddol); "In-Service Teacher Training: The Rotary Foundation Litraid Project in Zimbabwe" (Louw and Trewby); "Teacher Education and Empowerment" (Edge and Ellis); "Mauritius College of the Air" (Smith and Morrison); "Distance Learning for Non-Formal Education" (Dodds); "The Potential for Distance Education: The Linguistic Challenge, and Meeting that Challenge" (Slaven); "Language Issues in English Medium, Tertiary Level Distance Education Courses for ESL Learners" (Creed, Koul, and Parrott); "The Opportunity Cost of Distance Education" (Boyle); "The Practicalities of Running a Distance Learning Programme" (Walsh); "The Costs of Distance Education" (Morrison and Taylor); "Cognitive Styles and the Design of Instructional Materials" (Smith); "The Role of Computer Conferencing in Distance Education" (Pincas); "The Multimedia Teleschool: Telematics and Language Learning" (Jeuning); "The Use of Satellites in Distance Education" (Brockley and Germaine); "BBC WSTV Presentation" (Ruddiford); "BBC English Workshop" (Farum, Norbrook, and Cox); "Appropriacy of Distance Learning Technologies for Particular Groups of Learners and Countries" (Moore); "What Have We Learned and Where Are We Going?" (Webber). Session summaries, a seminar schedule, and a list of participants are also included. (MSE) Dunford Seminar Report 1993 Language issues in distance education , - v. Kel4 _ ;41*. r7.4k, 41. U.S. DEPKKTMENT OF EDUCATION Office or Educational Research and Improvement - EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION REPRODUCE THIS CENTER (ERIC) "PERMISSION TO BY MAT RIAL HASBEEN GRANTED flhis document has been reproduced as eceived Irom the person or organization originating it C Minor Changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions slated in this docu- ment do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy TO THE EDUCATIONALRESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER(ERIC)." 0000 0 00000 0 0 0 IP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0000 2 BESTCOPY AVAILABLE _ Dunford Seminar Report 1993 Language issues in distance education 3 The British Council promotes Britain abroad. It provides access to British ideas, talents and experience in education and training, books and periodicals, the English language, the arts, the sciences and technology All enquiries to: Overseas Services Group English Language Division The British Council Med lock Street Manchester M15 4AA Published by The British Council © The British Council 1993 Designed by The British Council Printed in Britain by Crown Press Registered in England as a charity no. 209131 Acknowledgements The English Language Division of The Editorial Board British Council would like to thank the staff of Alston Hall, notably the Principal Julie Bird and the Domestic Bursar, for their Overseas Services Group unstinting efforts to ensure the smooth running of the seminar and the comfort of Joan Hewitt the participants. Manchester Typing Services We are also very grateful to the following John Hilton publishers for their very generous contri- Assistant Director, ELD butions to the ELT book exhibition at the seminar: George Morrison Overseas Services Group BBC English Cambridge University Press Helen Powell Harper Collins Overseas Services Group Heinemann ELT Language Thaching Publications Gordon Slaven MacMillan Overseas Services Group Oxford University Press Penguin English Richard Webber Simon & Schuster International Overseas Services Group Thomas Nelson & Sons The Dunford Seminar This is an annual seminar run by the English Language Division of the British Council. It focuses on ODA-funded ELT projects and serves as a forum for the exchange of ideas and experi- ence through the participation of ELT professionals involved in various areas of project delivery These include British Council career officers, British Council contract English Language leach- ing Officers (ELT0s) who are funded by the ODA, UK Higher Education ELT specialists and representatives from private sector institutions. The seminar functions as a think-tank on the design, implementation and evaluation of ELT projects. The report is distributed to a wide readership in the profession in the UK and throughout the developing world. Previous seminar topics 1978ESP course design 1979ELT course design 1980Communicative Methodology 1981Design, evaluation and testing in English language projects 1982leacher training and the curriculum 1983 Design and implementation of teacher-training programmes 1984 Curriculum and syllabus design in ELT 1985 Communication skills training in bilateral aid 1986Appropriate methodology 1987ELT and development: the place of English language teaching in aid programmes 1988ELT in development aid: defining aims and measuring results 1989Managing ELT aid projects for sustainability 1990Training for sustainability of ELT aid projects 1991 The social and economic impact of ELT in development 1992Communication skills in development: the role of ELT CONTENTS Page i. Preface - Richard Webber 1 2. The end of Distance Education - Roger Iredale 3 3. The logistics of Distance Language teaching - John 'Rimer 11 4. The Open University and language issues - Ann Floyd 17 5. Language issues in Distance Education at tertiary levelDavid Graddol 6. Thxtual strategies for diverse audiences - David Graddol 26 7 Rapporteur's summary - David Hall 29 8 In-Service Thacher Training: The Rotary Foundation Litraid project in Zimbabwe - Bill Louw and Richard Trewby 30 9. Thacher education and empowerment Julian Edge and Melanie Ellis 32 10 Mauritius College of the Air Mike Smith and Jim Morrison 37 11. Distance learning for non-formal education - Ibny Dodds 40 12. Rapporteur's Summary - Joh. Burke 43 13. The potential for Distance Education: The Linguistic Challenge, and Meeting that Challenge - Gordon Slaven 46 14. Language issues in English medium, tertiary level Distance Education courses for ESL learners - Charlotte Creed, Badri Koul and Martin Pan-ott 48 15. The opportunity cost of Distance Education - Ron Boyle 53 16. The practicalities of running a Distance Learning Programme - Gillian Walsh 57 17. Rapporteur's summary David Taylor 63 18. The costs of Distance Education - Jim Morrison and David Taylor 64 19 Cognitive styles and the design of instructional materials Eugene Smith 68 20. Rapporteur's summary Robinyah Kyeyune 77 21. The role of computer conferencing in Distance Education Anita Pincas 79 22. The Multimedia Thleschool: Thlematics and language learning - Charles Jenning 81 23. Rapporteur's summary - Winnifred Hall 87 24. The use of satellites in Distance Education Ibrry Brockley and Kevin Germaine 88 6 25. BBC WSTV presentation - Luisa Ruddiford 95 26. Rapporteur's summary - Moses Mukabeta 97 27. BBC English workshop - Chris Farum/Hamish Norbrook/Frances Cox 99 28. Rapporteur's summary - Liu Dailin 100 29. Appropriacy of Distance Learning technologies for particular groups of learners and countries - Caroline Moore 102 30. What have we learned and where are we going?- Richard Webber 105 31. Seminar programme 110 32. List of participants 114 7 PREFACE This, the sixteenth Dunford seminar to date, broke new ground in at least two ways. Firstly it focused on a topic, Distance Education, which had not been dealt with in previous Dunford seminars and secondly it sought to address general 'language issues' within that topic rather than concerns relating solely to the English Language. The success of the seminar in addressing these topics fully and effectively was very largely due to the extremely high quality of presentations made and to the quality of debate that these presentations stimulated. Participants were evidently excited by the possibilities that Distance Education offers and concerned to exploit to the full potential for language learning and for education in general. The seminar was given direction and purpose by the four keynote speakers who addressed it on the first morning. Professor Turner's, Dr Floyd's and Professor Iredale's papers follow this Preface. Dr Roger Bowers of the British Council began the seminar by setting Distance Education in its general educational context and then by outlining some issues relating specifically to Distance Education. Dr Bowers mane clear the need to understand the strengths and weaknesses of Distance methods as compared to non-distance methodology. He emphasised the importance
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