December 2, 19'7 5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38213 election contest in the 21st Congressional PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS lina, Gastonia, N.c., relative to the advertis­ District of the State of Ohio; tto the Com­ ing of alcoholic beverages; t o the Committee mittee on House Administration. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H. Res. 898. Resolution relating to an bills and resolutions were introduced and 327. Also, petition of Esther M. and Leon election contest in the Third Congressional severally referred as follows: E. Loftus, Jr., relative to redress of griev­ District of the State of Nebraska; to the By Mr. ARMSTRONG: ances; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on House Administration. H.R. 10961. A bill for the re11ef of Wojciech 328. Also, petition of Dorothy Shinder, San By Mr. MOSS (for himself and Mr. Konstanty Podleski; to the Committee on Francisco, Calif., relative to redress of griev­ DINGELL): the Judiciary. ances; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Res. 899. Resolution providing for the By Mr. DIGGS: appointment of a special counsel to represent H.R. 10962. A blll for the relief of Olive the House and the Subcommittee on Over­ M. V. T. Davies and her chlldren; to the sight and Investigations of the Committee on Committee on the Judiciary. Interstate and Foreign Commerce in certain By Mr. JACOBS: AMENDMENTS judicial proceedings; to the Committee on H.R. 10963. A blll for the relief of Ralph House Administration. W. Clayton; to the Committee on the Under clause 6 of rule XXIII, proposed By Mr. THOMPSON: Judiciary. amendments were submitted as follows: H. Res. 900. Resolution providing salary By Mr. WEAVER: H.R. 8631 adjustments for the official reporters of de­ H.R. 10964. A bill for the relief of Paul By Mr. JEFFORDS: bates and official reporters to committees; W. Williams; to the Committee on the to the Committee on House Administration. Judiciary. Page 7, line 12, strike out "1987" and in­ sert "1982" in lieu thereof. Page 7, line 15, strike out "1987" and in­ MEMORIALS PETITIONS, ETC. sert "1982" in lieu thereof. Under clause 4 of rule xxn, Page 7, line 20, strike out "1987" and in­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions sert "1982" in lieu thereof. 277. The SPEAKER presented a memorial and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk of the Legislature of the State of Michigan, Page 1'0, line 7, strike out "1987" and in­ relative to the dumping of taconite tallings and referred as follows: sert "1982" in lieu thereof. into Lake Superior; to the Committee on 326. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the Page 11, line 2, strike out "1983" and in­ Public Works and Transportation. Gaston Baptist Association of North Caro- sert "1981" in lieu thereof.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

JUSTICE DOUGLAS majority opinion overturni:lg the con­ I believe the NIC is genuinely living up viction of a provocative right-wing to its motto: "We Care.',. speaker, noting that- Recently, the Buffalo Evening News HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON A function of freedom of speech under our contained an article discussing the work OF MASSACHUSETTS system of government is to invite dispute. of this center, which was founded by Sis­ ter Mary Desponsata, a Felician nun. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Two years later, he reiterated the type of work being done by the Neigh­ Wednesday, November 19, 1975 theme on behalf of the 11 leaders of the borhood Information Center deserves U.S. Communist Party: Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, Jus­ imitation. In that spirit, I would like to The First Amendment makes confidence in tice William 0. Douglas always argued share with my colleagues the following the common sense of our people and in article from the Nov. 26, 1975 edition of that individual freedoms require pre­ their maturity of judgement the great postu­ ferred status in the matrix of constitu­ late of our democracy. Its philosophy is the Buffalo Evening News: tional priorities. By so doing, it seems to rarely, if ever, stopped by denying civil NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER OFFERS OPEN DOOR me, Mr. Justice Douglas himself attains liberties to those advocating resort to force. To SociETY's LoNERs a preferred position in the history of the (By Margaret Hammersley) Here, however, Justice Douglas was in A 19-year-old boy sleeping in drain pipes. Supreme Court. dissent-Dennis against United States. The Supreme Court weighs a variety of An old man bedded down in a storefront The wilderness of the Pacific North­ doorway. crucial interests in its decisions, includ­ west that Mr. Justice Douglas loves so ing the security of person and property, A dea.f-mute evicted from the home where well has become a symbol for his lon­ he lived for 40 years and his support checks the proper operation of governmental in­ gevity, consistency, and fundamental im­ gone astray. stitutions, and the maintenance of a portance to this Nation. I wish the sym­ A woman clogging her house with curbside healthy system of commerce. All these bol could be ext-en1ed to the philosophy junk. factors are considered relative to each The characters could have stepped from a fl.e has so eloquently espoused. For Wil­ Charles Dickens novel a century ago, but all other and, of course, to the Constitution. liam 0. Douglas was not served by the All are of vital importance to the Na­ belong to 1975 and to Buffalo. title "Justice." It was Justice that was tion's well being. But our civil rights All were discovered and are being served by served by him. the Neighborhood Information Center at must occupy a special place in Supreme 1170 Broadway. The center concentrates on Court decisionmaking, as the most frag­ the area east of FUlmore Ave. between Clin­ ile, the most crucial, and indeed the de­ ton and Sycamore Sts., but similar problems fining aspect of our democratic state. BUFFALO NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER may be found in other neighborhoods. The Supreme Court is our strongest de­ LIVES ITS MOTTO: "WE CARE" The aim of the center and its founder, Sis­ fender of individual freedom when it ter Mary Desponsata, is to help loners who wants to be. When thc Supreme Court have sifted to the fringes of society. Justices lean toward other interests in J. Lack of mental ab111ty complicates the HON. HENRY NOWAK problem for many, Sister Desponsata said. their decisions-as was often the case OF NEW YORK "Today in America if you don't have an during Justice Douglas' term of service­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IQ over 115, you're in trouble," said the FeU­ the solitary citizen is left with virtually Tuesday, December 2, 1975 clan nun. "Systems are so complicated." no other recourse within our political Sister Desponsata and Mrs. Patricia Court­ system. Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, earlier this ney, the center's assistant director, agree Justice Douglas never lost sight of the year I had the opportunity to visit the there is a segment of the population below singular importance of civil libert ies. Neighborhood Information Center, which normal intelligence but somewhat above the His decisions consistently protected the provides assistance to needy persons on retarded level which desperately needs help. Care of the intellectually slow is often in first eight amendments and especially the east side of Buffalo, N.Y. the hands of the operators of cheap boarding the first amendment, from the political During that visit, I was very impressed houses, they observe. and social pressures of the day. He never with the sheer determination of the Sister Desponsata characterizes some op­ sacrificed free speech upon the altar of many volunteers involved in the day-to­ erators as "both gods and devils." the prevailing viewpoint. In 1949-Ter­ day operation of this facility. The com­ "These people take tenants other people minello against Chicago--he wrote the munity it serves cries out for help and won't take," she said. "The tenants become 38214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 19 7.5 indebted for a junk bed and a roof over­ The bill will do neither much more nor of intelllgence and of economic planning. He head." much less than earlier price rises have al­ is an impressive personality and he holds a The center believes there is a need for a ready done to discourage oil consumption. doctoral degree in economics. He was in group of responsible citizens to protect the Oil producers will no doubt complain that it charge of the prisoner exchange for the Al­ mentally slow and to help them cope with lacks "incentives" for expanded production. lies in Laos in the spring of 1973. He himSelf welfare bureaucracy, bills and budgeting. Consumers will complain that fuel prices fled Laos in May of this year with his large For instance, the boy who slept in drain are still too high. family and has been residing in Bangkok pipes lost his welfare assistance because he But this measure should disappoint only until a few weeks ago when the Laotian Com­ forgot that as an employable adult he had those who expected that the government munists notified the Thai government he was to report monthly for an interview for a would somehow come through with quick persona non grata to them and demanded his possible job. relief and instant miracles. Such hopes were expulsion. Mrs. Courtney, a mother of six, took him not realistic. Congress has, in fact, done He has an intimate direct knowledge of home one weekend. nearly everything we can realistically de­ what Communists do to prisoners of war. He "He had been on his own since he was 14," mand of it, and its critics can no longer com­ also knows a great deal about the drug she said. "His parents were alcoholics and di­ plain that it has done nothing at all. traffic. vorced. I think he may have had his first Legislation alone will not curb this coun­ For instance, when he handled the ex­ family-type, home-cooked meal in years." try's runaway consumption of fuel. We the change of POWs in 1973, he turned back to Sister Desponsata added: "Perhaps it is the people must continue the healthy trend we the enemy all prisoners--Pathet ~ao, North first he ever had." have started through such means as turning Vietnamese and VietCong. Today the center Is staffed by eight work­ down our thermostats and buying more eco­ The Communists, in return, instead of ers paid through Comprehensive Employ­ nomical automobiles. doing the same, as agreed, turned back only ment and Training Act funds and an execu­ Much more must still be done, but with 40 of the 400 Thais they held, 400 of the 2,000 tive director, Daniel A. Swiatek, salaried by only a few exceptions it cannot be done by Laotians and only 3 of the 200 Americans Model Cities. Five of the workers began as Congress. The rest is up to us. that the General knew had come into Pathet volunteers. Sister Desponsata describes them Lao and then North Vietnamese hands. He as "people who don't count hours." is a parachutist by training. The 200 Ameri­ "In many situations the only thing we cans were almost all fiyers who were shot accomplish is to let them know there Is WHY THE BLACKOUT? down. The incidence of survival in such de­ someone who does care," said Mrs. Courtney. scents, the General points out, Is high. He The center believes this message registered makes a prima facie case against the Com­ with a 90-year-old illiterate man, living in a HON. LARRY McDONALD munists to produce the prisoners or account condemned house without a bathroom. Sis­ OF GEORGIA for their demise. ter Desponsata took him to the YMCA for a But there 1s no force in Washington-sur­ bath and then to a hospital. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES faced-that pursues these events. Everything Mrs. Courtney hopes to impart the message Tuesday, December 2, 1975 emanating from there reflects that we have to a retarded girl alone in a rooming house called off the campaign for liberty. where moral standards are questionable. Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. When our representatives visit the Chinese Speaker, it should be evident to every­ Communists who are participants in the cur­ one that all the so-called newsmakers­ rent crimes against humanity, they are New York Times, CBS et al. are ignor­ craven. This despite the fact that the latter NOW IT IS UP TO US ing Southeast Asia now. During the have killed and hold in bondage many times fighting there they made a career of more human beings than Adolf Hitler. reporting every little defect, real and The latest spectacle we read about Is our HON. JOHN D. DINGELL Secretary of State congratulating the Chinese imagined, of America's allies 1n South­ Communists for their long insurrectionary OF MICHIGAN east Asia. Now while the bamboo curtain march to Yenan where they waged war on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1s coming down over these countries and our loyal ally, the Republic of China, which Tuesday, December 2, 1975 refugees are reporting all sorts of in­ was carrying on the struggle against Jap­ credible barbarities by the Communists, anese imperialism. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, by per­ why is not the New York Times deploring These signals are unmistakable. They are mission previously granted, I insert in the lack of democracy there? Why is not recognized all over Asia. We are identifying the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at this point with the aggressors against the forces of CBS preparing a documentary on Com­ liberty. an editorial from the Hartford Courant munist atrocities in Southeast Asia. One Is Meanwhile, because of this posture, our in­ newspaper entitled "Now It Up To wonders? telligence agencies are being denounced and Us." Robert Morris, in his column "Around cannibalized. The primary responsibility for The article follows: the World" recently raised some of these this devolves more on Henry Kissinger even Now IT's UP To Us questions in a column released on Oc­ than on Senator Church and his allies. Congress and President Ford have at last tober 22 for publication. I commend it to If the intelligence agencies under Kiss­ reached all but formaJ agreement on a major the attention of my colleagues: inger's control are not allowed to expose the energy bill. This is a compromise measure serious infiltrations of the KGB and ration­ which hardly deserves the grand public-rela­ WHY THE BLACKOUT? alize and expound the revolutionary tactics tions title of "national energy policy." But it (By Robert Morris) of domestic Communists, naturally the im­ should serve the purpose. Rather tumultuous happenings are taking pression will grow that counterintelligence One must accept the fact that the energy place in Indochina and yet Congress and our agencies are not necessary. And 1f they are crisis cannot be cancelled by act of Congress. press, as well as the Executive branch of the not necessary, why the money? Then why the The current bill would do, in acceptable if government, are obscuring these events from countertactics? And so it all goes against not outstanding fashion, nearly everything the public. us-and human liberty. · we can reasonably expect of the federal gov­ There Is considerable evidence of mass ernment. arrests and disappearances of thousands of The bill's most important provision is a South Vietnamese leaders. Dispwtches that 40-month extension of crude oil price con­ reach us here through Australia report that CASE OF OVERPROTECTION trols. This is a sensible compromise between in one swoop alone 200 former regime per­ the extreme Congressional and Presidential sonalities disappeared and were never heard positions on an oil price policy, and the ini­ from again. When their wives protested, the HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO tial average price of $7.66 a barrel Is prob­ government announced that the ninety high OF CALIFORNIA ably close to that which a free market would officers among them "had been killed in an produce were it not for the distortions accident". IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES caused by the Arabs. The control system At the same time, these killings are arous­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 would thus serve its most legitimate purpose. ing the citizenry in their bondage and a sub­ Another important section establishes stantial resistance movement is developing. Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I some means of self-protection from future It is in the Mekong Delta region-and grow­ include the following editorial from the embargoes and shortages. It will set up a ing. Oxnard, Calif., Press-Courier in the strategic reserve supply to tide us over, and Why do we not hear of this? CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: provides the authority, if necessary, for gaso­ I encountered a good first hand source of [From the Oxnard (Call!.) Press-Courier, line rationing. intelligence when General Kham Boussarath Nov. 20, 1975) The b111 also sets efficiency standards for visited us a few days after he arrived from automobiles and appliances. Cost-conscious Bangkok. CASE OF "OVERPBOTECl'ION" consumers are demanding such efficiency in General Boussa.rath had been a cabinet of­ When Congress recently passed a. "ChUd any event. ficer for the Laotian government in charge Nutrition Act" that was really an overam- December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38215

bitious expansion of the school lunch sub­ decision which these diligent young the Rules Committee. He said he woul~ abide sidy program, it showed that bills with a people are trying to make. by the vote. Thelvis T. (Bo) Winieckie, faculty repre­ questionable purpose can get through Con­ The members of the Saginaw Con-Con gress mainly on the strength of an appealing sentative from Eisenhower, saw signs of a title. are experiencing some important lessons "power struggle." So it appears that is how the "Consumer in dealing with the personalities of the But he noted that "many feel sectionalism Protection Act" squeaked through the House other members and some of the admin­ should be abandoned ... even some smaller in spite of a widespread conviction that It istrators in this Bicentennial event. In schools are going for one-student, one-vote." would create a supertluous addition to the every group there must be a leader, and However, John E. Cuthbertson, principal federal bureaucracy. now these students are learning the ways of Swan Valley High, who said he entered Who wants to vote against consumer pro­ in which they must deal with leaders. discussions at the request of his students, called a unit vote "the best way." tection? We applaud 199 House members Mr. Speaker, I would hope that all who did so, even if 208 of their colleagues But Cuthbertson, Winleckei, Moore and went along with creating a new consumer of my colleagues will enjoy as thoroughly Fitzgerald all discounted earller reports that agency with duties that duplicate those al­ as I have the following recount in this larger schools may walk out If voting isn't ac­ ready assigned to other federal agencies. newest episode of the Saginaw Student cording to student population. President Ford has Indicated he would Constitutional Convention: "There were some conversations along this veto the blll, which ha,c:; also passed the Sen­ STUDENT CoN-CoN FAcEs SoME OLD line," said Cuthbertson, "but I think those ate, and he can do so without being "against" PROBLEMS were just conversations." "I don't think the big schools will walk consumer protection. He is very much for (By John A. Puravs) it, and has made the deregulation of busi­ out," agreed Moore. ness and industry to promote competition Some things don't change in 200 years. This debate was a major issue at the 1787 on the consumer's behalf a cornerstone of Like the Founding Fathers of the U.S. assembly. One history says the question of his domestic policy. Constitution, Saginaw County high school protecting the interests of all states "nearly That is the point which Congress ignores students writing a new model document are wrecked the convention," and was resolved in supporting the creation of a new con­ embroiled in debates involving voting powers, only by the Connecticut Compromise-which sumer agency. The network of regulatory and religion and leadership. assigned different representational methods watchdog agencies already active In the fed­ The students' Rules Committee plans a to the Senate and the House. eral government all have the ulttma te pur­ Monday meeting to try to resolve these dis­ The place of religion in the student con­ pose of protecting the interests of consumers putes before 150 delegates from all 19 coUOJty vention also has become a sore point, with in the marketplace. high schools assembled for the first time some adults, including Cuthbertson, entering Where they are failing to fulfill that pur­ Wednesde.y at Eisenhower High School to the debate. pose, the answer lies in reform of their organize for January's student Constitutional The student Rules Committee has haggled policies-not in creation of a new bureauc­ Convention. over whether to include an Invocation in racy to complicate the picture even more. In the meantime, both students and ceremonies Wednesday. faculty advisers have been caucusing to out­ A tentative schedule calls for a minute of Une battle plans. silence. Young Moore said he has no objec­ Again, like the 1787 convention, some In­ tions to that, but added, "I think religion dividual feathers have been ru1Hed, some and the state shouldn't mix at all." SAGINAW STUDENTS FACE INITIAL smaller schools feel domirul.ted by larger ones, In a letter distributed to the convention ENCOUNTERS WITH BASIC CON­ some personal beliefs have been put on the committee and to member schools, Cuth­ STITUTIONAL RIGHTS line. bertson protested that "many students and "If you think of the major Issues of 200 adults feel the national anthem, pledge to years ago," said Robert A. Fitzgerald, the the fiag and a time for a prayer are an in­ HON. BOB TRAXLER Douglas MacArthur High teacher serving as divisible part of the nation's heritage. OF MICHIGAN chairman or the faculty advisers, "those are "We don't Intend to exclude or debase this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES still with us today. heritage because of a person or handful of "This last week has been one of the most people who may not be familiar with that Tuesday, December 2, 1975 exciting times I've had since I've been in part of our heritage," Cuthbertson declared. Mr. TRAXLER. Mr. Speaker, as I education." "We just can't allow it to happen." Fitzgerald hiznself has been accused by "This may be the opening crucial point in have previously indicated to you and my some students of interfering with student the student convention," observed Fitzgerald. colleagues, I intend to share the develop­ prerogatives in preparing for the Con-Con. "The first confiict in the Con-Con is centered ment of the constitutional convention Without naming individuals, Rules Com­ on a very basic confiict in the founding of being held by high school students mittee Chairman Aaron Moore of Arthur Hill the nation. throughout Saginaw County, Mich. To­ said "some adults are getting Into it a little "There must have been some fist-fights on day I am continuing my recount of this more than we thought they would." the fioor of our original convention," Fitz­ Bicentennial celebration with another "I've heard about that," responded Fitz­ gerald said. "And now people are excited gerald. "I have to follow the line between article very capably written by Mr. John about it again." guidance and interference. I try to give them "We have Catholic and Lutheran schools Puravs on October 10, 1975, in the Sagi­ advice when I see things bogging down. Then Included in this convention," said Cuthbert­ naw News. they can take it or leave it." son, "whose very origin in our United States In this article, Mr. Puravs demon­ The central debate, however, involves stu­ history goes back to their faith." strates some of the problems that the dents theznselves. The issue was uppermost in the thoughts members of this convention have been Smaller high schools are predicting that of the Founding Fathers, If the Bill of Rights facing in their attempts to begin oper­ schools such as Arthur Hill and Saginaw is any guide. High, with delegates apportioned according ations. They have had to determine basic The clause barring any "law respecting an to student population, will take over the establishment of religion" Is the first phrase questions such as what degree of repre­ proceedings. of the First Amendment. sentation should be awarded to each According to reports, a private caucus of Even the current grumbllngs about per­ school. Even though the intent of the small schools this week at Bridgeport High sonalities in the current Con-Con harken schools to work together on common led to outlines of a coalition to organize for back to sessions of 1787. problems has been criticized as "power more voting power. Moore said he is aware of complaints about blocks" by some, these students are work­ Among schools reportedly represented at his use of parliamentary procedure, but re­ ing to see that size does not necessarily the caucus were Bridgeport, Swan Valley, jected suggestions his leadership may be too Birch Run, Buena Vista. and Carrollton. limit the rights of smaller bodies to effec­ authoritarian. "In fact, I've been lenient," Their reported preference Is to decide he said. tively represent their individual schools. issues with each school having just one Cuthbertson reported the small-school cau­ These students have been forced to vote. cus resulted partly from a feeling by Swan examine the question of the place of Thomas A. Ulmer, Bridgeport's representa­ Valley students that "they didn't have a religion within government. We are all tive to the Rules Committee, said the caucus chance to study parllamentary procedure, very familiar with the invocation at the intended to discuss procedural problezns. and they felt they got squeezed." start of each daily session of Congress. It "But the talk got sidetracked," he said, MacArthur's Fitzgerald predicted com­ would appear that some of these stu­ "and it could have got to the impression that plaints that the chairman abused power may Bridgeport was trying to organize the smaller be talked about Monday. dents, while not criticizing the value of schools and get more power." Winleckie of Eisenhower agreed there have religion, do not believe that in a philos­ "Some hullaballoo was made by some been "misunderstandings," but said these ophy of separation of church and state schools over the big schools doinlnating," have been resolved. there should be any such invocation. I am conceded Fitzgerald. Meanwhile, Tom Ulmer of Bridgeport said certain that all of my colleagues can ap­ Moore agreed the issue could come up he Is unhappy about his school being singled preciate the moral significance of the Monday, where each school has one vote on out as home of convention "radicals." 38216 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 "I'm not a. radical," he declared, explain­ AID TO HANDICAPPED CHILDREN and others. The statewide offices of these or­ ing the impression may have come from "giv­ ganizations have the most up-to-date in­ ing radical examples of what the convention formation a.bout loca;l chapters (see section could do in order to clarify the ground rules HON. LEE H. HAMILTON IV.). of the convention. That doesn't mean my ex­ IV. PRIVATE STATEWIDE AGENCIES OF INDIANA amples were my posit ions." Concerned with certain handicapping con­ In 1787, too, personalities were part of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ditions can often provide information about proceedings. Alexander Hamilton, according Tuesday, December 2, 1975 services available throughout the state. to one history, "expressed his views too These organizations include the Indiana As­ strongly for the other delegates," while Ben­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, many sociation for Retarded Citizens, the Mental jamin Franklin "inspired other members by children in Indiana suffer handicaps: Health Association in Indiana, the Indiana his mere presence." blindness, deafness, mental retardation, State Chapter of the National Hemoph111a Patrick Henry refused to serve as a dele­ learning disabilities, emotional problems, Association, the Indiana Association for the gate. He opposed giving more power to the crippling diseases, et cetera. A problem Multiply Handicapped Deaf, American Lung national government and joined Elbridge Association, and others. To contact these Gerry, Richard Henry Lee and George Mason many parents and guardians face is finding the aid most appropriate for their groups and find out about local chapters. in arguing against ratification. contact The Indiana. Commission for the Rhode Island didn't send delegates at all, handicapped children. The following sug­ Handicapped (see section V.). fearing loss of taxing power, and withheld gestions may be helpful to them: "J. STATE GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ratific~tion until the first Congress started Am TO HANDICA!>PED CHILDREN work on the Bill of Rights. 1. The India.na. Commission for the Ha.ndi­ Thus Saginaw County's schools are be­ (By David Beales) capped-8ta.te Board of Health: a clearing­ having like states, and some students seem I. GENERAL SUGGESTION house for matters relating to the handi­ to others like confounding fathers. If a parent thinks his handicapped child capped in Indiana. Can provide addresses and But most remain optimistic. "We plan on could benefit from a. particular kind of aid, phone numbers of agencies serving the working out any problems at Monday's meet­ he should investigate and apply for that handicapped and other releva.nt information. ing," pledged Ulmer. ald. The rules for private and public aid pro­ Note especially the comprehensive booklet And Cuthbertson remarked, "Misunder­ grams are complex, and sometimes people entitled Directory of Services tor the Handi­ standings give a chance to work it out and find they are eligible for benefits, even capped. find out what you really feel. though they seem ineligible a.t first glance. Address: The Indiana Commission for the "These discussions are part of the Ameri­ Also, some programs offer financial help to Handicapped, Indiana State Board of Health, can way." people who cannot afford to pay for the pro­ Division for the Handicapped, 1330 West gram's services. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Indiana. 46206. Phone: (317) 633-5680. U. PEOPLE TO SEE FmST 2. Other State Agencies Dea~ing with HADASSAH VICE PRESIDENT BESS 1. Doctor: can diagnose health problems Handicapped Children include the Indiana KATZ SPEAKS OUT AGAINST U.N. and refer patients to special treatment pro­ State Dept. of Mental Health (including the ZIONISM RESOLUTION grams and other kinds of special help: Child Mental Hea.lth Division and the Men­ 2. County Public Health Department: es­ tal Retardation and Other Developmental pecially if someone lacks a. family doctor, Disab111ties Division), the Public Instruction can suggest sources of medical care and Dept., and the Dept. of Public Welfare HON. BELLAS. ABZUG other aid. (which includes a. Division of Services for OF NEW YORK 3. Family Service Agencies: Can help par­ Crippled Chdldren). ents and children cope with strains caused IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by a. child's handicap and can make referrals VI. PUBLIC HELP FOR HANDICAPPED CHILDREN Tuesday, December 2, 1975 to other kinds of help. Family Service Agen­ Some Major Pr~ams: cies located in or near the Ninth District 1. Public Schools: AN school corporations­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, Bess Katz, are in Bloomington, Richmond, Columbus, alone or jointly-must have available free, vice president of Hadassah, the Women's and New Albany. comprehensive educational programs for all Zionist Organization of America, speak­ 4. Community Agencies: Some 9th district handicapped children aged 6 to 18. A com­ ing on behalf of over 340,000 American communities have specialized community prehensive pamphlet on the rights of handi­ agencies that offer help to children with capped children to public education, entitled women members-the single largest Zion­ ''Public School and the Special Ch11d" may in particular handicaps and can suggest agen­ ist bloc the world-recentlY issued a cies that offer help to children with other be obtained from the Mental Health Asso­ statement on Zionism in conjunction handicaps. These agencies include: ciation in Indiana (1433 North Meridia.n St., with a rally held in New York City to Development Services, Inc., 1541 Hutchins Indianapolis 46202) or the Indiana. Commis­ protest the vote equating Zionism with Ave., Columbus, phone 372-()259; sion for the Handicapped (see section V.) . racism in the General Assembly of the Quinco Consulting Center, Main Office, 2075 The local school corporation shoull.d be con­ United Nations. I feel that this statement Lincoln Park Drive, Columbus, phone ' 379- tacted about what is offered locally. 2341; 2. Headstart: a. federally-funded pre-school meaningfully and forcefully puts forth for children tl'om low-income f.a.milles. 10% the true spirit of Zionism. I would like to Community Mental Health-Mental Retar­ dation Center, 285 Bielby Rd., Lawrenceburg, of the children in Headstart classes must be include this statement in the RECORD for phone 537-1302; handica.pped. These Headstart programs the review of my colleagues: Southern Indiana Mental Health Center, serve the 9th District: STATEMENT BY BESS KATZ, HADASSAH VICE 207 West 13th St., Jeffersonville, phone 283- Bartholomew, Brown, and Jackson Coun­ PRESIDENT 4491; ties: Human Services, Box 588, Columbus, Zionism extols the brotherhood of man as Eastern Indiana Mental Health Center, phone 372-8047; the children of one God. (also known as Camilla B. Dunn Mental Clark County: Clark County Community Zionism is the polyglot faces of Israel Health Clinic), 54 South 15th St., Richmond, Action Program, 201 Na.tional Ave., Jefferson­ representing every racial and ethnic variation ville, phone 282-0456; phone 962-1523; Dearborn, Ohio, Ripley, and Switzerland conceivable who are united as one people South-Central Indiana. Mental Health Cen­ by common spiritual and cultural values. Counties: Southeastern Indiana. Economic ter, 640 South Rogers, Bloomington, phone Opportunity Corp., 237 Main St., Aurora, Zionism rejects exploitation of people and 339-1691. supports social justice and the dignity of all phone 926-1585; Note: the agency closest to your home Floyd County: Floyd County Economic human beings. Zionist Israel has voted for, will either be able to help you or refer you the admission of every emerging nation into Opportunity Corporation, Room 122, City­ to an agency which can help you. County Bldg., New Albany, phone 945-2349; the UN, even when it knew that it would join 5. County Public Welfare Dept.: even if the bloc against her, because Zionist Israel Jefferson, Jennings, and Scott Counties: a child does not qualify for services, welfare Ohio Valley Opportunity, First and Broad­ has supported universal membership in the departments often know about local agen­ way, Madison, phone 265-5858; UN if it is to be a true instrument of peace. cies that serve the handicapped. Harrison County: Lincoln Hllls Develop­ "Zionist" Jews the world over are noted for m. PARENTS GROUPS ment Corporation, Box 133, Troy, phone their communal responsibilities wherever Many counties have groups made up of 547-8621: they live. The generosity of the Jewish peo­ parents of children who su ff er part icular Monroe County: Monroe County Com­ ple in support of education, health, welfare handicaps. These groups often offer emo­ munity Action Program, 101 South College and civil rights and civil Uberties for all is tional support for parent s a.nd, through Avenue, Bloomington, phone 339-3447; basic to the ethic of the Jewish people. And shared experiences, po.::: sible ways of aiding Washington. County: L.O.W. Economic Israel, in its support of developing nations handicapped children. Groups that have Development Corp., Box 205, Mitchel, phone has followed the same ethic. local chapters in the 9th district include the 849-4457, If this be ranist Zionism, the world can use Indiana Association for Retarded Citizens, Decatur, Fayette, Franklin, and Unlou more of it. the Mental Health Association in Indiana, Counties have no Headsta.rt program. December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38217 3. Reading Material: The Indiana State way, Justice Douglas explained his re­ CAN EXPERTS LEARN FROM NON­ Library Division for the Physically Handi­ jection of tradition. EXPERTS? capped provides braille, large type, and re­ corded material to people of !J.ll ages unable He said: to read conventional print. Contact the It is better that we make our own history HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. than be governed by the dead. Bartholomew County Public Library in Co­ OF CALIFORNIA lumbus, the Floyd County Public Library in It seems to me that th81t is what Bill New Albany, or the Indiana. State Library IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Extension Division in Indianapolis. Douglas was so very fine at-he made Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 4. Income Assistance: The Supplemental history, he refused suppression, he fought Security Income (SSI) program, run by the for the future. Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Social Security Administration, will pay Now he is leaving the Court. Graceful­ Speaker, our reliance upon experts of benefits to a child who has a handicap that ly, poignantly, he likens his departure every discipline to advise us in the areas would keep an adult with a similar condition to the end of a canoe trip, nine strangers of their expertise has been a subject from working. Family income and other fac­ becoming close friends and then parting that has received considerable comment, tors might be taken into account. Social at the end. Even this-his most painful some of which is supportive and some of Security offices serving the 9th District are in Columbus, New Albany, Madison, and decision-he relates to us for all to share which is critical. One of the most com­ Richmond. and understand. mon criticisms of using panels of ex­ 5. Medical Care: The Indiana Dept. of We regret his departure more than we perts is that they usually do not have a Public Welfare helps provide treatment for can say. We thank him for all he hoo very broad perspective, and they seldom certain handicapped children from low­ given us and shared with us, and hope question the assumptions of their field income families. For information, contact that we can in some small way live up of expertise. This type of criticism makes the county welfare dept. Some state hospitals to his example. some sense to elected officials, who must and other facilities are maintained. The represent all types of people, and by the sources mentioned in sections II., III., IV., and V. above can provide information about nature of the job become generalists. such programs and programs offered by pri­ We can call upon experts for advice, but vate groups. ZIONISM AND THE UNITED NATIONS unless that advice is presented in a suit­ 6. Vocational Rehabilitation: The Indiana able form for congressional use, it may State Vocational Rehabilitation Services not be truly helpful. offer training on the job and in special This need for generating expert ad­ schools to handicapped citizens, as young as HON. JOHN P. MURTHA vice that would serve the Congress has 15 or 16 in some cases. For information, con­ OF PENNSYLVANIA tact one of the Vocational Rehab111tation led to the expansion of activity at the Offices serving the 9th District, located in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congressional Research Service and the Bloomington, Clarksvllle, Columbus, Rich­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 General Accounting Office, and was also mond, Seymour and Versailles. a prime reason behind the creation of 7. CHAMPA: can help pay medical expenses Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, I have the Office of Technology Assessment. As for children of servicemen who died or be­ been heartened by the response of citi­ a member of the Technology Assessment came tot ally disabled as the result of a zens in my area who have written to me Board, I have had direct experience with service-related cause. For information, call condemning the action by the United Na­ the problems associated with defining 800-382-4540. tions equating Zionism with racism. The 8. CHAMPUS: helps pay for medical treat­ an area of study, organizing a balanced people have seen this as the unfounded, panel of experts, and writing a report ment and rehab111ta.tion for seriously handi­ politically motivated act that it was. capped or moderately or severely retarded that is truly useful to the requesting children of active duty service personnel. For Anti-Semitism deserves to be denounced, committee of Congress. This whole area Information, contact a base CHAMPUS rep­ and I congratulate the people for seeing of study is evolving, and many different resentative or write OCHAMPUS, Denver, through the prejudiced action of many techniques are being tried by OTA in an Colorado 80240. United Nations countries. effort to improve the assessment process. In an atmosphere of calm and careful One of the important sources of ad­ deliberation, I am glad Congress is vice for OTA has been the Technology undertaking a review of the U.S. role in Assessment Advisory Council. This coun­ JUSTICE WilLIAM 0. DOUGLAS the international body, not with a view cil is composed of an excellent group of toward vindictiveness, but with a view experts who have done much to assist toward evaluating our present and fu­ OTA in its first 2 years of operation. ture role in this body. The fact that the Advisory Council has HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK Mr. Speaker, for the information of OF CALIFORNIA met for many more hours than the Con­ • the Members, I would like to insert an gressional Board perhaps shows the sig­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES editorial on the subject which appeared nificance of TAAC's contribution. Wednesday, November 19, 1975 recently in the Johnstown Tribune Dem­ One of the TAAC members whose ocrat: Mr. STARK, Mr. Speaker, as we speak IsRAELIS SHoULDN'T FRET work has particularly impressed me is today about Justice William 0. Douglas, Understandably, the Israelis and repre- Hazel Henderson. Among the many I am saddened for all we will miss 1n sentatives of some other nations are upset by issues which she has pursued is the the years to come. But when we look at the adoption by the United Nations of a steadfast insistence upon making par­ ll th t Will. D 1 h · resolution that labels Zionism "a form of ticipatory democracy apply to the delib­ a a lam oug as as given us racism and racial discrimination." erations of experts. In the process she over the last four decades, we must in- The sentiments of reasonable nations were has broadened the perspective of many deed revel in respect and awe. His was - summed up by the u.s. ambassador to the panels and improved the quality of the not simply a gift of service, or of time, U.N., Daniel P . Moynihan, who said that the work which has resulted. or of effort--it was a much more monu- General Assembly had perpetrated an in­ The November 28 issue of Science mental gift--one of boundless spirit and famous act and noted: . . . . . "A great evil has been loosed upon the magazine carried an excellent article on of ~reless dedication to the prmc1ples so world. The abomination of anti-Semitism Hazel Henderson, who is representative basiC to our democracy. has been given the appearance of interna- of a great number of people in the coun­ l do not know Justice Douglas per- tional sanction.'' try, which I would like to insert into the sonally. I am not even a lawyer, and so Repulsive as it is to people of reason, the RECORD at this time. perhaps my awe of him is founded on resolution really should not cause undue The article follows: different reasons than those of others fretting on the part of the Israelis and others HAzEL HENDERSON: NUDGING SOCIETY OFF ITS who speak today. I know only that he as who see nothing but ridiculousness in the MACHO TRIP Am · 1 bl to k to resolution. Who's the handsome blonde woman in the an erican w~ a wa_ys a e spea After all, it should be remembered that the Pucci skirt, carrying on from the speaker's me as an Amencan. H1s was a law which resolution was passed within the United podium in emphatic but well-modulated respected people, not institutions. It was Nations; and if the U.N.'s performance in British tones about corporate obsolescense, a law which struck new blows for free- hate-perpetuation is no more effective than society's "Cartesian trip," the second law of dom for those people rather than being its record in peace-keeping, then no one has thermodynamics, and the "decline of bound by legal precedent. In his own anything to worry about. Jonesism"? 38218 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 That's Hazel Henderson. one of the most says Henderson. "This is too much. This is she speaks of the "Cartesian trip" she refers voluble, eloquent, and increasingly visible of too easy!" So, of course, she contacted a city to the constellation of values and structures America's spokespersons for social and eco­ councilman who was interested in sulfur that have directed "progress" in this cen­ nomic change. oXide levels, a meeting was held in his office, tury-centralized, hierarchial, huge organi­ Henderson, who has helped set up a half­ and Citizens for Clean Air (an organization zational structures, the commitment to "big­ dozen citizen activist organizations, has of that now has 24,000 members) was launched. bang, capital-intensive technology," the be­ late been moving in on the world of science Next, thought Hazel, What we really need lief that science and technology are value­ policy. She is the only woman on the ad­ is an all-media campaign. So she crUised free, and over-emphasis on linear, objective, visory council of the Otlice of Technology up and down Madison Avenue knocking on reductionist thought-or, dipping into psy­ Assessment (OTA); she is probably the only the doors of all the advertising agencies until chology, what she regards as reliance on non-college graduate on the COmmittee on at last she found a young one wlliing to do the brain's left-hemisphere thinking as op­ Public Engineering Policy of the National ads for free. They were so good, says Hender­ posed to the output of the right hemisphere, Research COuncil; and she has just been in­ son, that she then wrote to Norman Cousins which is supposed to be the source of spon­ vited to be on the policy advisory committee who was chairing Mayor Lindsay's air pollu­ taneous, intuitive, emotional impulses. of the National Science Foundation's Re­ tion task force and asked if she could show She believes that recognition that all search Applied to National Needs program. them to him and another member, Wlliiam choices are based on values has fallen out of In other words, she has no difficulty work­ Bernbach of the advertising giant Doyle Dane this rigid and highly compartmentalized sys­ ing within the systems. She simply grabs the Bernbach. The TV ads were screened in Bern­ tem, and that the springing up of public available handles and turns them into levers. bach's office. Everyone was impressed, so interest groups is one of the signs that the She is one of those who refuse to be cate­ Henderson asked them to write letters to system is beginning to crumble because of gorized by discipline-indeed, she doesn't various media people requesting that they its increasing inefficiency in meeting people's have one-who prefer to see themselves as air the ads as a public service. Naturally she needs and the growing social costs incurred. synthesizers of ideas and as advocates not so knew that Bernbach's name would have an We are still very new at documenting the much of ends as of process. There is an end, effect since he was also buying milllons of social costs of our production, transporta­ of course, which is to see the country undergo dollars worth of paid advertising. This tactic tion, energy, and other systems, says Hender­ a transition into a decentralized, small­ resulted in $350,000 worth of free time and son. Once an accounting is made of their technology, resource-conserving, labor-inten­ space for the campaign. "That, I guess," she "disamenities" and "diseconomies"-what sive, environmentally sound, recycling, low­ says, "was my first experience in finding how economists call "externalities" but which she growth, democratic society. you could logroll powerful people into help­ sees as central to the whole picture-net The label Henderson is most comfortable ing you." The campaign brought enormous benefits, if any, become marginal. with is that of "futurist." "Individual dis­ public response, with people sending money Henderson believes that what must happen ciplines have become a positive straitjacket," and writing letters expressing their private is a "devolution" of all things big and com­ she says, "which is why I like to be in the concerns about air quality. plex, like cities and corporations. Huge cor­ company of people who call themselves fu­ The success of the campaign illustrates porations she believes, are obsolescent, turists. They've all transcended some dis­ Henderson's apparent instinct for latching spending more and more on just transacting cipline-the old disciplines are really not on to hidden public concerns before they with themselves. Big institutions are all suf­ describing reality very well." are publicly recognized. "People in a com­ fering a 10-year time lag. "Corporations are Her story is that of a woman who evolved plex society like this have a lot of privatized producing all the things we thought we into an activist simply by doing what came perceptions about what's going on and it wanted 10 years ago"; the lag is evident in naturally. "It all just sort of happened or­ requires some sort of catalytic analysis or education, where students are rushing to ganically, by accident as it were. I just seem concept to make them realize that they're not study economics (which is becoming irrele­ to be doing the things that seem to be crazy, that it's real." vant in its present form) and agriculture sensible at the time." Sensibleness, combined Having cut her teeth on clean air, Hender­ (high-technology, non-labor-intensive). It with an impressive set of brains and a firm son turned her attention to Campaign GM also shows in the women's movement. "The sense of self-worth, have brought her a long (General Motors)-the automobile com­ battle is won, almost, at the individual level way. panies, after all, being a root cause of the ... but the Cosmos Club just voted again to Henderson was born in Clevedon, a small air problem. Campaign GM, a Ralph Nader exclude women!" fishing village in Somerset, England, the enterprise, was trying to get some consumer­ Mega corporations, says Henderson, are daughter of the director of a paper company minded people on the company's board. justifying their antiquated structures on the in Bristol. She developed her verbosity at Henderson took it on herself to try to round basis that their continued existence supplies an early age in long debates with her father, up owners of big blocks of stock to side with jobs. But when they use their roles as em­ who also sought her opinions on business them at GM's annual meeting. She took ployers to justify themselves, "they paint matters. Her mother imbued the four children some of the Nader lawyers to some of the themselves into a corner ... We can then say: with the belief that there was nothing they big insurance companies where "we told Okay, 1f we [the taxpayers] have to ball you couldn't do 1f they wanted to. them that it was kind of anomalous that out so as to produce jobs we have a right to Young Hazel, well schooled but with no they would have their policyholders' money say 'Jobs producing what?' At what social university education, went off to New York invested in the stock of a company which cost?" By artificially keeping them alive, says to seek her fortune In 1957, when she was was producing 35 percent by weight of all Henderson, we are choking innovation, pre­ tn her early 20's. There, after a couple of America's air pollution at the same time that venting the new growth of institutions more years working as a ticket agent for Pan their emphysema disabillty payout rates had • fitted to future needs. American Airlines, she met and married Car­ gone up 70 percent." Gee, they hadn't looked Henderson is very keen on debunking the ter F. Henderson, who had just returned at it that way, but they would think about idea that a rising gross national product is from a job in London as bureau chief of it. Henderson sees the GM campaign as necessary to keep down unemployment. On the Wall Street Journal. After several years primarily a consciousness-raising matter, the contrary, she believes that the obverse absorbed in wife- and motherhood (they since even with enormous effort they could of high technology and heavy resource de­ have a 14-year-old daughter, Alexandra), only round up tiny percentages of the total pletion is underuse of human resources. "An Henderson emerged to find that she defi­ stock owned. environmentally benign economy is also a nitely didn't like the quality of New York But it had become clear to her that with labor-intensive economy." To purvey this City's air, and set about to do something almost all the societal problems she was message she has recently helped set up a about it. "Most of the things I've done I've concerned about, "all roads led to the cor­ new organization in Washington called En­ done because I didn't know that you couldn't poration." Auto pollution, for example, was vironmentalists for Full Employment. do that," she says, "As long as you don't "simply colonialism from Detroit." It was BIG IS NOT BEAUTIFUL know it can't be done it becomes easier." corporate America, and not City Hall, where Henderson also sees the influence of big­ Having been struck by the hypnotic power the money and knowledge and power lay. ness in the way science policy is made­ of the mass media in America, Henderson The natural progression, then, was joining both government and corporations tend to read up on the parts of the communications the board of the COuncil on Economic finance research that goes in the direction law that relate to the public interest. She Priorities, formed in 1970 (Science, 5 Febru­ of "big-bang capital-intensive technology." also found out there was such a thing as ary 1971) to evaluate how corporations are She dees the difficulty in getting money for the air pollution index. So she wrote the rising to their new environmental and social solar energy research as an example: "It is in Federal Communications Commission (FCC) responsibilities. As the consumer movement the interests of all the companies to see solar and the presidents of the three major net­ has expanded and diversified, Henderson development as a big technology so it will fit works suggesting that it would serve the has gotten involved with more and more into the production configuration of the utU­ public's "convenience and necessity" to have groups. She helped set up the National Coun­ ity industry ... a centralized technology so the index broadcast along with the weather cll for the Public Assessment of Technology that it will fit into the distribution system." report. Xerox copies of this were sent to and the Public Interest Economics Center, Yet solar energy is best suited as a decentral­ every relevant public servant she could think both of which try to match needy citizens' ized thermal technology. The two approaches of. She received an encouraging reply from groups with public-interest-approved ex­ also mustrate to her the d11ference between an FCC otlicial which she promptly xeroxed perts. producer-oriented and consumer-oriented and sent to the network presidents-within In Henderson's view, corporations are not technologies. Nuclear power fits into the 5 weeks, she says, all three were broadcastl.Dg only central but are symbolic of what's wrong former category. Henderson would fault a the air pollution index. "I thought, Wow!" with the way we think about things. When nuclear power plant not only for its poten- December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38219 tial hazards but because it "dictates" its own out of proportion. She does not see herself as saying they have inadequate pensions and social configuration, its centralization makes a crusader, "just a human being trying to aot another 31 percent saying the pensions meet it vulnerable to sabotage, and it "makes sensibly, and also haVing a lot of fun." only minimum needs. technology more and more inaccessible to the average individual so that he becomes more and more dependent." This kind of technology "concentrates power and wealth RESISTING THE ARAB BOYCOTT and knowledge in fewer and fewer hands at LIBERALS ARE HARD-HEARTED the expense of making the rest of us poorer INDIVIDUALS and more stupid and more powerless." One HON. ALPHONZO BELL begins to see why Henderson says, "I fear OF CALIFORNIA economic totalitarianism much more than I fear political totalitarianism." HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Henderson believes the only way to in­ OF OHIO Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 corporate awareness of social ramifications IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES into technology assessment is to bring repre­ Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, I know that sentatives of "impacted" groups into the Tuesday, December 2, 1975 many of my friends in the Congress share evaluation process. She sees it as her mission Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, one of my deep concern over the boycott by at OTA and in her other advisory positions to the biggest myths peddled by the liberals Arab nations of interests which they con­ open up decision-making processes for some sider pro-Israel. of this common-sense thinking to come is that fiscal conservatives are hard­ Complicity in such discrimination by through. Boosted to the OTA council hearted individuals. I guess to the liberal through the efforts of a pack of public inter­ mind it is hardhearted to want to hold yielding to the demands of the Arabs est groups, she has succeeded in ensuring the line on Federal spending. I guess the has no- place in this Nation, and such that environmentalists, poor people, minor­ liberals feel that it is "unkind" to not pressures must be resisted by U.S. com­ ities, and so forth are in on OTA studies vote for every new and costly Govern­ panies. from their conception. The OTA has been ment spending program that comes down Fortunately, steps are now being taken pretty responsive, she says, much more so the pike. by the Federal Government to encour­ than the National Academy of Sciences age such resistance. which is still hung up on the "value-free ob­ Frankly, I think it is the liberals who jectivity of science." Yet "values is the only are being unkind. The reckless spending I would like to call to the attention of ballgame in town. We have exhausted the policies followed by the liberal politicians my colleagues an excellent editorial on limits of empty techniques," she says. have resulted in runaway inflation, high this subject which appeared in yester­ It is difficult to sum up Hazel Henderson's interest rates, and large-scale unemploy­ day's Los Angeles Times. corpus of thought, because no matter what ment. If this is kind, our Nation cannot The complete text of the editorial fol­ topic you choose to tap in on-and there is afford such kindness much longer. lows: nothing about which she does not have an (From the Los Angeles Times, Dec. 1, 1975] opinion-you will find it connected to every­ Let me briefly mention how "kind" the thing else. "I work a great deal out of my liberals have been to retired people and STANDING UP TO THE BOYCOTT ••• right brain hemisphere," she says. It is the people who someday would like to retire. President Ford has begun taking official mode of thinking that has been labeled "fe­ The massive deficit spending of the lib­ steps to make life more difficult for the Arab male"; indeed, she says that the most of the eral politicians-which has been the ma­ nations' boycott of interests they consider social change agents she has met have been jor cause of our inflation-has seriously pro-Israel. These steps were badly needed. women. Ford's actions are clearly important to Her thinking is supplemented by the work eroded the value of the dollar. Israel and to American Jews. They are just of her husband, Carter, who left a job at This has put our retired citizens in a as important to the long-term health of the IBM some years ago to found the Inter­ very difficult position. According to a re­ United States and its economy. A nation so racial Council for Business Opportunities cent survey by Citicorp, 22 percent say fundamentally opposed to discrimlnation which supplies counseling for minority busi­ their pensions are inadequate and 31 per­ cannot thrive while it endures the hUlll8.D. nesspersons. The Hendersons, who moved cent say their pensions meet only mini­ and economic waste of ethnically inspired from New York to Princeton 3 years ago, have mum needs. boycotts and reprisals. incorporated themselves as the Princeton The same survey also showed that 1 The Arab boycott is aimed at a list of Center for Alternative Futures under whose will roughly 1,500 to 2,000 firms, organizations aegis they carry on as they please, he as an out of every 10 Americans find re­ and individuals that have been deemed ad­ international financial consultant and tirement impossible under the current herents of Zionism for one reason or another. writer, she as "intellectual gadfly." When not inflation rate. Seven out of ten say they Most of them are American. And companies traveling they play host to a stream of kin­ would find retirement at least "moder­ that do business with the Arabs are ex­ dred souls who sit around and talk all night ately difficult." pected not to deal with those on the list. in their large brown-shingled house. They It seems hard-hearted to me that the In this country such a practice has no live handsomely but temperately, do all their liberals would follow a policy thrut will place. own household and clerical work, pick up make retirement impossible for 1 out Ford has directed the Commerce Depart­ their furniture cheap at auctions, and are of every 10 Americans and moderately ment not to circulate foreign requests for planning to put some fruit trees and easily American companies' bids on projects if the tendable vegetables in the backyard. Bicycles difficult for 7 out of 10. I:t seems very un­ requests stipulate compliance with any boy­ and jets are their primary modes of trans­ kind that the liberals would choose a cott. He has instructed the Justice Depart­ portBition. course of action that hurts so many of ment to study possible antitrust action Hazel Henderson attributes much of her our retired citizens. against companies that do assist the boy­ enormous productivity to her freedom, both It is a shame that liberals are such cott by discriminating against other Amer­ from routin~he likes to intersperse hardhearted individuals. Too bad they icans. some bread making or upholstery between cannot be like fiscal conservatives. Now it is up to the President to enforce "head trips" at the typewriter-and from in­ his newly announced measures as strictly as stitutional categorization. Someone offered Following is an article from the Octo­ possible. And it is up to American business her an honorary M.S. but she declined. "What ber 22 edition of the Washington Star: leaders to take advantage of the bargaining I would do is pick up a peer group and they RETIREMENT "IMPOSSIBLE" FOR 1 IN 10? strength that Ford's firmer stand gives them would be telling me what to say, wouldn't A survey by Citicorp shows that one of in combating those aspects of the boycott they? ... society at this point needs a few every 10 Americans will find retirement that government action alone can never wild cards." Being a foreigner, she believes "impossible" under the current inflation eliminate. (she became a U.S. citizen in 1962), gives rate. There are fuzzy circumstances beyond the her a fresh eye for perceiving the absurd. She The survey, taken among 1,431 persons, law's effective reach--cases where a nod or likes to "take any discipline that is becom­ an oblique remark can signal assent to the ing prideful and poke fun at it." Economists asked questions relating to retirement, pen­ sions and Social Security benefits. boycott, but where nothing is spelled out are no longer fair game because the discipline precisely and nothing is written down. Those 1s tn shambles, but she has noticed of Of those surveyed, about seven of 10 said they would find retirement at least "mod­ situations are common, and can seldom be late that the psychologists need to be de­ proved. But they often can be avoided if cor­ flated a bit, what with their notion of sub­ erately difficult" at today's inflation rate. porations are willing to make the required jecting pol1ticalleaders to psychological test­ But about one of every 10 said he would effort. Ing. have no difficulty in coping with infi81tion According to knowledgeable people, some Although the positive feedback Henderson on retirement, the sa.m.e ratio as the "1m­ U.S. firms that are new to the Middle East seems to get from every new thing she possible" category. have been intimidated into observing the tries would be enough to make anyone's ego The survey showed that many retired peo­ boycott without even being asked directly. balloon, she doesn't seem to have anything ple have financla.l problems, with 22 percent They have done so on the bad assumption 38220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 19 75 that they would never get an Arab contract spirit that sustains the oldest form of gov­ Because the Decade for Action to Combat without following the boycott in letter and ernment in the world. Racism and Racial Discrimination now splrtt. In fact some Arab countries make I will continue to grow in the hearts of equates Zionism with racism, the United little effort to enforce lt. those who support our constitution, obey our States should not support the Decade in any With the right kind of leadership, Ameri­ laws, respect our flag, and believe in God. way nor should the U.S. participate in any can corporations can help diminish the boy­ Then, now, and forever, I am the spirit of other U.N. programs which seek to implement cott's effectiveness without damaging their '76. the intent of the Zionism Resolution. The own interests. Already many firms have United States should, however, increase its found that Arab negotiators may soften their efforts against racism wherever it occurs, in stand quickly in the face of polite but firm deed as well as in word. refusal to take part. Ford's statements should U.N. ASSOCIATION CONDEMNS ZION­ In U.S. bilateral relations with other na­ encourage more companies to resist in this ISM RESOLUTION, RECOMMENDS tions, those governments who supported the way. SPECIFIC ACTIONS WITHIN U.N. Zionism Resolution should be made to feel So should the action of California. Gov. FRAMEWORK the displeasure of the Government of the Brown. Last week he called off negotiations United States and of its citizens who have between the state's Dept~.rtment of Trans­ reacted so strongly against this Resolution. portation and the government of Saudi HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM The United States should continue to press Arabia., which had offered to hire Ca.ltra.ns OF NEW YORK its efforts for a. just and lasting peace in the engineers whose state jobs are about to end. Middle East. That Brown's action became necessary is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The United States should speak firmly and regrettable, but the absence of Saudi pledges Tuesday, December 2, 1975 effectively through its foreign policy in the not to discriminate against Jewish appli­ United Nations and in the world's capitals cants made lt the only thing to do. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the Unit­ on questions of human rights and against With continued firm leadership, alert busi­ ed Nations Association is a private, non­ the "double standards" applied to them. The ness negotiators stand an increasing chance partisan nonprofit organization which United States should not hesitate to name of being eventually able to circumvent the works towards constructive U.S. policies specific nations where human rights are boycott, of no longer facing the choice be­ in the United Nations. The Board of Di­ threatened or violated. tween abetting discrimination and sacrificing The United States should make clear the rectors of the· UNA recently issued a danger of actions such as the Zionism Reso­ job opportunities for Americans. That goal statement strongly condemning the res­ 1s well worth working for. lution to the spirit of conc111ation necessary It 1s clear· that no nation can pass enough olution passed by the United Nations' to carry forward important initiatives ex­ laws or adopt enough policies to end the General Assembly on November 10, 1975, emplified by the United Nations' Seventh hatred between two peoples. But govern­ which equated Zionism with racism. De­ Special Session on Development and Inter­ ment and business must combine their ef­ scribing the resolution as a "reprehensi­ national Economic Cooperation. forts to keep America. Itself from becoming ble act," the statement warned that it We commend the United States Govern­ the instrument-and the victim-of the can "only serve to encourage anti-Semi­ ment and Ambassador Moynihan for the boycott. forthright condemnation of the indefensible tism around the world and prejudice mo­ action by the General Assembly in adopting mentum toward peace in the Middle the Zionism Resolution. We applaud and East." support the determination reflected in the THE SPIRIT OF '76 Reaffirming the essential role of the statements of Secretary Kissinger and others United Nations as an instrument of in­ to reaffirm the U.S. interest in the United ternational cooperation, the Association Nations. HON. PAUL FINDLEY recommended a series of steps in which The principles and objectives of the Char­ the United States could assert its leader­ ter remain central ln our foreign policy and OP ILLINOIS ship in preventing the paralysis of the the UN remains an important instrument IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of international cooperation for peace. We UN system ''because of the irresponsible must seek every means of encouraging re­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 behavior of some member nations." sponsible actions in the United Nations and Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, illinois Among those steps was a withdrawal of of strengthening the effectiveness and con­ Secretary of State Michael Howlett re­ U.S. support for U.N. programs which tribution of the organization. cently sponsored a statewide essay con­ would include Zionism as a target under test on "What is the Spirit of '76?" Over the terms of the resolution, bilateral 300 000 essays were submitted, and the measures against those governments ac­ tively supporting the resolution, and em­ PRIVATE PHllu\NTHROPY IN task of the judges was formidable. After HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION reading the essays, the grand prize was phasis in U.S. foreign policy on questions awarded to Don Bishop, a student at of human rights. The Association urged Litchfield, illinois High School. I wish to the United States not to "hesitate to name specific nations where human HON. HERMAN T. SCHNEEBELI commend the essay to my colleagues, for OF PENNSYLVANIA 1n it, Don has captured the essential rights are threatened or violated." quality that has made our country the I commend the following UNA state­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES example and hope of freedom for the ment to my colleagues' attention: Tuesday, December 2, 1975 STATEMENT BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE world: UNrrED NATIONS AsSOCIATION OF THE UNITED Mr. SCHNEEBELI. Mr. Speaker, pri­ DoN BISHOP'S GRAND PRIZE ESSAY STATES OF AMERICA, NOVEMBER 17, 1976. vate philanthropy is vital to the health I am the spirit of '76. Our nation like its We totally reject and condemn the provi­ delivery system of the ~ation-last year people, has gone through times of hope, sion of Resolution 3379 adopted by the Unit­ over $4 billion was contributed. Over $700 happiness, and tragedy. From Paul Revere's ed Nations General Assembly on November million was contributed for hospital con­ ride to Nell Armstrong's giant leap for man­ 10, 1976, which states that Zionism is a. form struction. I am hopeful that if and when kind, I have sustained this nation through of racism and racla.l dlscrimlnation. This Res­ independence and freedom against its a national health insurance program 1s olution can only serve to encourage anti­ adopted, there will be provision for pro­ enemies. I have caused revolutions in agri­ Semitism around the world and prejudice culture, industry, technology end human­ the momentum toward peace in the Middle tection of the continuation of private Ism. East in which U.S. vital interests are in­ philanthropy. I am the inspiration for which American volved. I include the attached statement on patriots gave their lives and fortunes. I have Zionism ls a. complex historical process the matter in the RECORD at this point, so led your sons into battle from Lexington expressing many different aspirations of the that my colleagues may have the oppor­ to Vietnam. At Concord Bridge, I was the Jewish people over the years and has many tunity to study it. The statement was motivation behind the shot heard around the different interpretations, none of which can given before the Subcommittee on Health world. During the revolution, I saw the properly be used to equate Zionism with sword beaten into plow shares and witnessed ot the Ways and Means Committee dur­ racism. ing the birth of our republic. We believe that the United States should hearings on national health insur­ I didn't fade into the background after take the lead in endeavoring to insure that ance, by Mr. William Roth, president of 1976. The hearts of my people made me too this kind of reprehensible act ls not repeated the National Association for Hospital strong for this. For two centuries I have in the United Nations or other international Development. Mr. Roth is also the direc­ been a soldier in war, a clvlllan in peace, for forums, and that the United Nations system tor of development at the Geisinger security and honor. Wherever brave men ftght ls not paralyzed because of the irresponsible Medical Center, Danville, Pa. The state­ and die for freedom, I am there, that same action of some member nations. ment follows: December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38221 Mr. Chairman, I am William S. Roth, Di­ Federal Government of reimbursable costs pital heavily supported by philanthropy-in rector of Development at the Geislriger Medi­ under Federal aid programs. It would bar fact over $100 milllon contributed in the past cal Center at Danville, Pennsylvania, Vice Federal otHcials from deducting unrestricted five years. Dr. Pomrlnse. President of the Inutitute for Medical Edu­ gifts and endowment income from the reim­ cation and Research, and President of the bursements. National Association for Hospital Develop­ "The provision is necessary. unfortunately. ment. The National Association for Hospital because officials of the present administra­ Development is a not-for-profit national tion at various times have adopted a con­ THE RETIREMENT OF JUSTICE organization established to serve the interests trary policy. They have deducted funds from WILLIAM 0. DOUGLAS of those hospital executives in the United private philanthropy in calculating the oper­ States directly involved in fund development, ating costs of hospitals. In addition, the ad­ and to fulfill the demonstrated need for a ministration's economic stabilization pro­ formal association of these individuals. It is gram barred many hospitals from raising HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX governed by a board of directors elected by their rates in response to costs due to infla­ OF PENNSYLVANIA the membership. tion. The hospitals had to use endowment IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES With me today is Dr. S. David Pomrinse, and gift income to make up their deficits. M.D., the Executive Vice President of Mount This policy undercut the purpose of philan­ Tuesday, December 2. 197 5 Sinai Hospital, New York City. Both of us thropy; it was ended only when the econom­ Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker. it is with the have very short verbal statements to make, ic stabilization program itself was elimi­ and would like to insert additional testimony nated. We hope that our bill's provision w1ll deepest regret that I take note of the in the record, if that is agreeable to you. effectively prevent a repetition of this threat recent retirement of Justice William 0. The members of our association have a or any similar one." Douglas, after a period of service on the relationship to the encouragement of volun­ Senator Ribicoff correctly identified the U.S. Supreme Court that was remark­ tary contributions for medical centers and threat from Federal-bureaucrats, and we be­ able both for its longevity and for its hospitals throughout the United States. We lleve the language would serve as well to incomparable record of achievement. are very concerned about the role of private assure the state health planners also regard He sat on the Supreme Court for more philanthropy in the health care system. philanthropy in the same way-this will cer­ than 35 years, in a period of more rapid Up until recent months, not one of the pro­ tainly be true if the Medicaid program is posed national health insurance schemes Federalized, as many bills suggest should change in our society and in our laws contained protections for the continuation of happen. than has occurred in any other time in private philanthropy. We are pleased to note We are very concerned that state rate our national history. But far more im­ that the Ullman Bill, H.R. 1, for the first setting agencies may injure private philan­ portant than the record-setting length time included speclflc language providing for thropy. Several states are now moving for­ of his service on the court was the bril­ that protection which will encourage citizens ward rapidly with health services cost review liant record of contribution to a just so­ to provide new fac111ties and rapidly develop­ commissions, which are attempting to estab­ ciety with which he filled those years. ing technologies. Recently Senator Ribicoff lish rules and regulations for rate setting included similar protection in the Long­ in hospitals. Such commissions' policies vary Justice Douglas has always been a be­ Ribicoff Catastrophic Health Insurance and from state to state, and because of regula­ liever in the human purpose of the law Medical Assistance Act, S. 2470. We are tions regarding restricted and unrestricted and of the need for the law to address pleased with that legislative language as well. gifts, and volunteer operational services, wm itself squarely to the human and social We sincerely hope that this Committee, when seriously and adversely affect private philan­ problems that are brought before it. In it begins markup on a national health in­ thropy to hospitals. particular he brought an intellectually surance blli, wm include similar protections. A trend is becoming particularly evident impressive knowledge of constitutional One would think that no one would work regarding regulation of hospital costs and his to eliminate private philanthropy in the charges. As was noted earller. the Cost of law to bear in support of great cen­ health field. After all, over $4 Billion was Living Council caused the rapid erosion of tral theme of defending individual lib­ contributed in 1974 by Americans philan­ unrestricted endowments of hospitals. We erty. His inspired and forceful opinions thropically for health and hospitals, and have learned that a similar pattern is being and dissents will long be cherished by all over $700 Million of this was for hospital developed by some state rate-setting com­ those who love liberty. construction alone. (This means that pri­ missions, and several other devices have been Justice Douglas cannot be easily fitted vate philanthropy paid for 4% of the national added which threaten to dry up philan­ into any category of judicial thought. health care costs, and about 19% of non­ thropic funds. From his beloved mountains of the profit hospital construction costs.) As an example, 1n Maryland, it was in­ Total philanthropy in our country last year tended that funds obtained through the work Northwest he brought with him an in­ amounted to $25 BUlion and the Filer Com­ of volunteers at hospital gift shops which quiring mind and an openness to ideas mission Report on the future of philanthropy heretofore have been used to support pro­ that caused him to shun dogma and fac­ is due to be delivered to the House Ways grams at the hospitals which could not other­ ile solutions to difficult problems. Com­ and Means Committee later today. wise have been funded would be used to pay bining his gifted mind with a profound Besides the $700 M1111on for hospital con­ for bad debts or other hospital expenses be­ knowledge of the law, he constantly struction, private philanthropy contributed fore governmental reimbursements for other probed new frontiers of thought in the $1.2 Billion for personal health care, $835 costs will take place. complex problems of maintaining and M111ion for health agencies, $780 Million !or Of course, volunteers who give of time and endowment, as well as $220 Million for effort to create needed and favored projects improving a just and moral society in a medical research. The same kind of research will not work long 1f they see the benefit of troubled age. that led to the Salk vaccine for polio. their work simply replacing the reimburse­ At a time when other men might easily If there is not protection for private ment dollar. This is a small example, but an succumb to the notion that the problems philanthropy, and 1f state and national ad­ important one. which would represent a con­ of modern times require a diminution of m1n1strators of rate setting, planning, ana siderable loss in opportunity for voluntary the rights of the individual. he clung other programs have the opportunity to action 1f such regulations were to be devel­ tenaciously to individual freedom as the stlfle this giving by their activities, these oped nationwide. core of a just society. Freedom of speech funds surely will dry up, and the Federal Our position has been supported in the Government will be forced to find the $4 past by the American Hospital Association and thought were. for him, not desirable Billion per year additional to take their and the Association of American Medical Col­ goals, but moral and political imperatives. place. leges. We hope that our position wlll find In the face of the growing power of It is not an unwarranted fear that this support in the legislation eventually agreed Government and large institutions, he will happen. Senator Ribico1f made this qUite to by this Committee. insisted on the need to recognize the clear in a recent speech to our Association. As Attached to our written testimony 1s a copy boundaries of personal privacy into he said October 16th of this year at our of a recent special issue of Hospitals. the national conference: which no one may intrude without sub­ Journal of the American Hospital Association. stantial and lawful cause. "Private phlla.nthropy furnishes a kind of It deals with philanthropy almost completely. 'venture capital' for hospital development. and we hope that you and your staff will have Douglas was always the foe of those It enables innovations and critical break­ time to study it. particularly the article en­ who would put our free society into the throughs. It also funds capital improve­ titled. "The Complex Face o! Charity," be­ straitjacket of their own particular ments-n&w buildings. beds, and eqUipment. ginn1ng on Page 47. viewpoint. In 1952 he wrote: These are the essential building blocks of Now Dr. Pomrtnse. Executive Vice Presi­ The democratic way of life rejects stand­ health care. dent of the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York ardized thought. It rejects orthodoxy. It "This is why I 1ns1sted on including 1n the City, who for many years has been a leader wants the fullest and freest discussion, with­ Long-Ribico1f bill a speclflc provision a.imedt not only 1n New York but nationally as well, in peaceful limits, of all public issues. It at encouraging philanthropy. The prov1s1on 1n health care delivery will speak from the encourages constant search for truth at the applies to the determinations made by the point of view of an Administrator of a hos- periphery of knowledge. 38222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 We shall miss Justice Douglas' active H.R. 10944 from some economic groups to others-to participation in the deliberations of the A b11l to amend chapter 37 of title 38, United tax some more lightly and others more Supreme Court. For a third of a century States Code, to provide for continuation heavily. To be specific, the real goal and he has been a bulwark of justice and of the direct loan revolving fund purpose oof the campaign to close loopholes Be it enacted by the Senate and House of is to redistribute income from some less fav­ freedom. It is perhaps trite but true to ored groups-presumably from groups wirth say that he is irreplaceable. Yet his scores Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section less voting power-to some with more votes of great opinions during his service are 1823 of title 38, United States Code, is and therefore greater political appeal to a remarkable and treasured legacy to the amended as follows: ofll.ce holders and office seekers. American people. All who love justice and (a.) by deleting the last sentence in sub­ The amounts we are talking about here are democratic freedoms can draw on them section (a.) ; huge. All personal income in the United for inspiration and support for genera­ (b) by changing the comma. following the States totalled $945 billion in 1972 (accord­ tions to come. word "loans" in the third sentence of sub­ ing to the national income and products ac­ section (c) to a. period, and deleting from counts) of which only $445 billion showed said subsection (c), "and not later than up as taxable on federal income tax returns. June 30, 1976, he shall cause to be so de­ In other words, $500 billion-or 53 percent of all personal income--went tax free in 1972, VA DffiECT LOAN PROGRAM ,posited all sums in such account and all amounts received thereafter in repayment up from $363 billion or 48 percent in 1969. of outstanding obligations, or otherwise, ex­ Counting offsetting items-amounts which HON. JAMES ABDNOR cept so much thereof as he may determine to are taxed although they are not personal in­ be necessary for purposes of liquidation of come under prevailing economic definitions-­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA loans made from the revolving fund and for untaxed income totalled $563 billion in 1972, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the purposes of meeting commitments under up from $414 billion in 1969. Tuesday, December 2, 1975 subsection 1820(e) of this title." That increase in tax free income is easily explained by the fact that several "tax re­ Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, the Vet­ form" measures went into effect between erans' Administration direct loan pro­ 1969 and 1972, especially the Tax Reform gram was added to the VA loan program NEED FOR DEBATE ON TAX Act of 1969, which has since become more in the Housing Act of 1950, Public Law affectionately known as the Lawyers and LEGISLATION Accountants Full Employment Act of 1969. 81-475. The purpose of the direct loan About $70 billion in personal income escaped provisions was to give all veterans an HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK federal income taxation in 1972 as a direct equal opportunity to get homes even consequence of the Tax Reform Act of 1969. though they lived in areas where private OF OHIO You are probably acquainted with com­ lenders were not interested in loan guar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plaints that the property tax and the sales anty or had insufficient funds to make Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 tax permit many exemptions which have such mortgages. The direct loan pro­ eroded the tax base and thereby not only cut gram, through fiscal year 1975, has pro­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, this the revenues of schools, cities and states but vided $3.2 billion in loans to 322,000 vet­ body will shortly be considering tax also given advantages to certain favored erans. These loans are paid back the legislation which deserves scrutiny. We groups of taxpayers over others. But exemp­ to as Members of Congress should give tions in the property and sales taxes equal U.S. Government, and this program has, only between one-fourth and one-third of in fact, made money while providing an thought to what the purposes of our taxing policies are and if they are ful­ their respective tax bases. In the federal in­ essential service to veterans. come tax they total more than half of the However, by law, on June 30, 1976, the filling those purposes. base-and it has become the leakiest tax direct loan revolving fund will have to Roger Freeman, a senior fellow at the known. be deposited into the U.S. Treasury. Al­ Hoover Institution, has made a presen­ Yet the income tax is by far the most im­ though the Veterans' Administration ·tation at Hillsdale College on "Tax Loop­ portant revenue producer in our fiscal sys­ holes: The Legend and the Reality." As tem. Whlle the United States imposed a. pel·­ would still retain the authority to make I think that he raises a number of points sonal income tax later than most other in­ direct loans to veterans through Public dustrial nations, in 1913, after the adoption 91-506, that should be included in any tax de­ Law the revolving fund from bate, I present excerpts of his remarks of the XVI Amendment to the U.S. Constitu­ which these loans are funded would be from the November issue of Imprimis. tion, it now leans more heavily on income dissolved as of June 30, 1976. taxes-graduated personal income tax and Therefore, today, I am introducing His remarks follow: corporate profits tax-than any other major legislation to amend chapter 37 of title TAX LOOPHOLES: THE LEGEND AND THE REALrrY country. Other industrial countries use a 38, United States Code, to provide for (By Roger A. Freeman) general consumption tax as a major producer the continuation of the direct loan re­ For close to rtwenty years so-called loop­ of revenue for their national government. volving fund. I am extremely pleased holes in the federal income tax have been The United States is the only country not the subject of a. lively public controversy. to do so. that the Honorable JACK BRINKLEY, They were investigated in several extensive Yet it has restricted the personal income chairman of the Housing Subcommittee hearings by the two tax writing committees tax base to less than half of the personal of the Veterans' Affairs Committee, has of Congress-the Committee on Ways and income. I! all exclusions, exemptions, deduc­ joined me in cosponsoring this important Means of the House of Representatives a.nd tions and credits were repealed and all per­ bill. the Committee on Finance of the Senate. A sonal income were subjected to the tax, the This proposed legislation will remove large majority of Congress as well as the tax rates could be halved-from the present this time limitation, so that the Veter­ Executive Branch, not to mention the 14 percent to 70 percent range to a. 7 percent nation's press, television networks and some to 35 percent range. Alterna..tively, a flat 10 ans' Administration can continue to of the largest organizations supported tax percent tax on all personal income would make loans to those veterans who live in reform, a. term tha;t has come to be virtually yield about as much revenue as the present credit short areas, and are unable to synonymous with the drive to close loopholes. rate scale on hal! the income. Some would obtain funds under the Veterans' Admin­ It is thus not surprising that the Congress favor such a system, But there is not a chance istration guaranteed loan program to took repeated action to close loopholes in in a mill1on that such a plan could ever be finance a home. In 1970, Congress made the income tax-in 1969, 1971, and _again in adopted. The simple facts of political arith­ the Veterans' Administration home loan 1975. What ma.y be surprising 1s the fact that metic-of counting where the votes are--rule program a permanent program for all every time Congress enacted a tax reform blll, it out. the amount of untaxed income was larger Let me quote to you from a recent article eligible veterans. Therefore, it is neces­ afterwards than it had been before and the by a leading spokesman of the tax reform sary that we make permanent the revolv­ percentage of total personal income exempted movement, Stanley S. Surrey of the Harvard ing fund for funding these direct home from the federal income tax as well as the Law School, who served as Assistant Secretary loans. number of Americans paying no income ta.x of the Treasury for Tax Polley from 1961 to I am hopeful this proposed Ie.gislation had substantially increased. In other words, 1969. It appeared in the New York Times can be enacted before June 30, 1976, so whenever Congress tightened or closed some Magazine for Aprll 13, 1975, under the title that those veterans in credit short areas loopholes-or acted as 1:! tt had-it always "The Sheltered Life": opened or widened others more extensively. "To most people, the Federal income tax is can continue to obtain Veterans' Admin­ That strongly suggests that the real aim of a complex system designed to extract large istration home loans through the Veter­ the "close the loopholes" drive is not so much sums from their pocketbooks-about $160- ans' Administration direct loan program. rto subject more tax free personal income to blllion, or more than half the Government's The proposed legislation follows: the tax as to shift the burden of taxation total income. Few realize, however, that whlle -

December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38223 collecting these taxes from individuals and itemized deductions equalled 55 percent of with incomes of $7,000 to $20,000, whose tax corporations, the Government is simultane­ reported income on returns itemizing deduc­ payments now generally are based on the ously paying between $80- and $90-billion to tions in the adjusted gross income (AGI) full ordinary rates and who pay over half of some of them. It does this by simply not col­ bracket under $5000, 20 percent in the $15,- our individual income taxes. lecting any or all the taxes it might on cer­ 000 to $25,000 Income bracket, and 22 per­ "The middle classes are likely to revolt tain types of activities-those that, because cent in the income class from $100,000 on against income taxes not because of the level of their claimed value to society, are per­ up. In other words, itemized deductions free or amount of the taxes they must pay but mitted special tax benefits. If the Govern­ a much larger share of the Income from taxa­ because certain provisions of the tax laws ment were first to collect this $80- to $90- tion in the low brackets than in the high. unfairly lighten the burdens of oth ers who b1llion in the regular income tax sweep and More importantly, most persons in the lower can afford to pay. People are concerned and then to disburse it again for these benefited income brackets use the standard deduction indeed angered about the high-income re­ activities, we would refer to the process as instead of itemizing. Under the liberalized cipients who pay little or no Federal income a subsidy. . . . Since the special tax benefits provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1969, taxes. For example, the extreme cases are 155 a person may claim generally increase as his standard deductions went up 218 percent be­ tax returns in 1967 with adjusted gross in­ income rises, the poor gain little from them, tween 1969 and 1972-from $22 billion to $70 comes above $200,000 on which no Federal while the wealthy may utilize them as a blllion-whlle income Increased only 26 per­ income taxes were paid, including 21 with major way to supplement their incomes at cent and itemized deductions 21 percent. incomes above $1,000,000." Government expense.'' Of the $301 billion difference between ad­ It is understandable that such a sensa­ As ordered by the Budget Reform Act of justed gross income (AGI) and taxable in­ tional story-that the very rich escape pay­ 1974, the budget volume sent by the Presi­ come (TI) on 1972 income tax returns only ing income taxes-emanating from the Sec­ dent to the Congress with his recommenda­ $13 billion was in brackets from $50,000 in­ retary of the Treasury would cause a na­ tions for the forthcoming fiscal year now come on up. That stlll leaves the possibllity tional stir. There was no taxpayers' revolt contains a chapter and a table on so-called open that many rich people pay little or no brewing before Mr. Barr exploded his bomb. tax expenditures. (Special Analyses, Part I F) income taxes. I'll discuss that in detail a But there was one in the making soon after­ But the biggest tax concessions are not little later. wards. It prodded Congress into frantic ac­ classified tax expenditures, only certain se­ However, the conspiracy theory of tax tion which, within a few months, produced lected ones. No total is given and the budget law-that loopholes are the result of sinister probably the worst piece of tax legislation states "Tax expenditure estimates cannot be machinations of lobbyists for moneyed in­ ever-the Tax Reform Act of 1969. simply added together to form totals for terests who either bribed lawmakers or pulled For reasons of his own Mr. Barr did not functional areas or a grand total." the wool over the eyes of unsuspecting con­ discuss the methods or specific code pro­ Despite this warning, Surrey and some gressman and the public-won't stand up visions which enabled some high-income re­ congressional enthusiasts have added the tax under examination. No public laws are sub­ cipients to avoid paying taxes, though he expenditures shown in the budget and came jected to more painstaking and detailed con­ must have known what they were or could up with a total of $78 b1llion for FY 1975, gressional study, to more open hearings, to easily have found out. Thus it was widely a completely unrealistic and meaningless more thorough debates, year after year, than interpreted as an accusation against all rich figure. the tax laws. people as tax evaders and against Congress In his mentioned article in the NYTM for It may be helpful to say a few words about for permitting such a scandal. It was not April 13, 1975, Surrey refers to the tax ex­ the history of the income tax and the tax until much later that the Treasury made all penditure table in the U.S. budget which reform movement. When first imposed in of the relevant facts public, though some of he says "explains why some of our wealth­ 1913, the federal income tax was levied at them had been available right along, especi­ iest individuals pay little or no Income tax." rates from 1 percent to 7 percent and was a ally on the comparative tax burden of the Which are the largest items of "te.x ex­ minor factor in the fiscal picture. That middle class. Recipients of an AGI between -penditure" listed by Surrey? The biggest is changed sharply during World War I when $7000 and below $20,000 accounted in 1972 the deduction allowed homeowners for the rates were lifted to between 6 percent and for 57 percent of the reported income and property taxes and mortgage interest they 77 percent. After the war they were cut to paid 49 percent of the tax. So, clearly they pay---'$10 billion-which Surrey calls a hous­ a range from 7':! percent to 24 percent. were not overburdened relative to the rest ing assistance program for homeowners. But In World War IT the income tax turned of the population. The real shift 1s between homeownership is not concentrated In the into a mass tax, the number of taxpayers the groups at the top and at the bottom of top brackets. About two-thirds of American multiplied tenfold, and the rate scale was the scale: those under $7000 income received families live in their own homes and the pushed to its highest level-23 percent to 16 percent of AGI and paid 6.5 percent of the great majority of them are in the middle 94 percent. Not until 1964 was the scale re­ tax; those at $20,000 and up received 27 per­ Income brackets. duced to between 14 percent and 70 percent, cent of AGI and paid 44 percent of the tax. The next biggest items listed by Surrey where it now stands. For 1972, 22,929 individual income t.ax re­ are long-term capite.! gains, which are usually The huge amounts of untaxed income were turns were filed with an AGI of $200,000 or taxed at half the rate of ordinary income first called to broad public attention in 1955. more; 22,821 of those returns or 99.5 percent and which he estimates at between $7 and The subject soon caught at.tention and has were taxable. They reported an average AGI $10 billion. Then there is interest on munici­ been on the public agenda ever since. When of $414,640, an average taxable income of pal bonds which Surrey places at $4 billion, in 1961 the most articulate spokesman for $302,015 on which they paid a tax of $177,640, of which $3 billion is refunded to states, loophole closing, Stanley Surrey, became As­ or an average rate of 59 percent. There were cities and schools in the form of lower in­ sistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax 108 returns (0.5 percent) with an adJusted terest rates. This leaves $1 billion for inves­ Policy-and thus the highest tax policy offi­ gross income of $200,000 or more which re­ tors. Other tax expenditures listed by Surrey cial in the land-energetic action on tax ported no taxable income. are small--$1 billion each or less. reform might have been expected. But neither There were 1030 returns with an AGI of This leaves the big question: where are President Kennedy nor President Johnson $1 milUon or more of which 1024 (99.4 per­ the items that composed the $563 b1llion of would send Mr. Surrey's major recommenda­ cent) were taxable. Each individual involved untaxed income in 1972, or the bulk of the datton to Congress. On balance, they recom­ paid on the average $1,019,577 in income tax, $78 billion tax expenditures claimed for mended a widening of tax loopholes. Before equal to 46 percent of his AGI and 65 per­ 1975? Mr. Surrey never says. The plain fact leaving office after eight years, Surrey sub­ cent of his taxable income. is that most of the $563 billion in untaxed mitted a comprehensive report on tax re­ What this means is that well over 99 per­ income is in the middle and lower income form, especially on loopholes, which he called cent of all high-income returns for 1972 paid brackets and is broadly distributed through tax expenditures. It soon began gathering high income taxes. Between 0.5 percent and dust because President Johnson was no all sections of the American public with only 0.6 percent of the earners of a high gross a tiny percentage accruing to high-income more anxious to open that Pandora's box income reported no taxable net income be­ persons. The truth is that most high income than was his predecessor. cause losses, deductions, credits, or other off­ persons pay very high income taxes. But then an event occurred that made tax setting items exceeded their gross income. What then are the big "loopholes," the reform the hottest subject in Congress. In Obviously it is only under very unusual cir­ provisions which account for most of the the interim period between the resigna­ tion of Henry Fowler, President Johnson's cumstances that recipients of a high gross $563 billion of untaxed income in 1972? By income have no taxable net income. far the largest loophole is personal exemp­ Secretary of the Treasury, and the appoint­ ment of David Kennedy by President Nixon, The most frequent case of this type is this: tions-at $750 a head-which total $155 bil­ a person borrows money to invest at a higher lion. Joseph Barr served as Secretary of the Treasury for 31 days. On January 17, 1969, rate of return than the interest he is paying. Tax free income from social benefits-so­ For example an individual borrows $10 mil­ cial security, unemployment compensation, two days before leaving office, Mr. Barr testi­ fied before the House Ways and Means Com­ lion and earns on it 10 percent, or $1 milUon. public assistance, veterans benefits, employer He must report that $1 mlli1on as AGI and contributions to pension and welfare funds mittee with a statement that reverberated and other transfer payments account for an­ throughout the nation's media and stirred is classified as a man with a million dollar other $93 billion. Those remedial provisions the country: income. He 1s of course entitled to an item­ largely benefit low-income and low-to­ "We face now the possibility of a taxpayer ized deduction of the interest he paid, e.g., middle-Income persons. Little of it goes to revolt if we do not soon make major reforms $800,000. That leaves him with a taxable in­ wealthy families. in our Income taxes. The revolt will come come of $200,000. If the taxpayer has big The other big item is itemized deductions. not from the poor but from the tens of mil­ losses that year or pays high state and local They totalled in 1972 $97 billion. But those lions of middle-class families and individuals taxes because of a non-recurring high in- CXXI--2407-Part 29 38224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 come in a preceding year he may wind up tax rates were applied to long-term capital the interest-paid deduction. Home owner­ with no federal tax liabllity for a particular gains. Investments would be effectively ship has tremendously expanded, to a point year. There was one case out of every 172 "frozen" which could well be the most ef­ where now nearly two-thirds of all American recipients with a gross income of $1 million fective way to assure stagnation in the na­ families live in their own homes, helped and or more in 1972 which showed no taxable tional economy. This is why most industrial deliberately encouraged by the deductib111ty income. countries either do not tax capital gains at of mortgage interest and real estate taxes. There were altogether 16.7 million indi­ all or tax them at lower rates than ordinary Consumer financing also has .sharply grown. vidual income tax returns in 1972 which re­ income, usually at lower rates than the To disallow those deductions without an ported no taxable income-21.5 percent of United States. Claims that federal revenues equivalent would deal a severe blow to resi­ all 77.6 million returns. Ninety-two percent would increase $7 to $10 billion a year by dential construction and the major reta.111ng of the nontaxable returns were in the under taxing long-term capital gains as ordinary and manufacturing activities and to the en­ $5000 AGI bracket. At $10,000 and above AGI rates are sheer demogoguery. The chances tire economy. It is inconceivable that Con­ only 0.4 percent of the returns were not are there would be a net loss. gress would do this. Politically it would be taxable. Much of the controversy over loopholes suicidal. Millions of fa.m11les could not afford Many additional Americans have been focuses on itemized deductions which in to own and furnish their homes were it not freed of any tax liability by various "tax 1972 totaled $96.7 billion: for such tax advantages. An extension or reform" laws of recent years and many of (In billions] carrythrough for renters may at some time them have also been made the recipients of be considered. Meanwhile the popularity of governmental largesse. That division of the Deductions for State and local taxes condominiums is growing by leaps and American people into two groups-those who paid ------$36.2 bounds, to a large extent because of the tax support the government and those who are Deductions for interest paid______27. 3 advantages they confer. supported by it-has created a dangerously Deductions for charitable contribu- It was particularly the deductibility of high incidence of "representation without tions ------13.2 charitable contributions which caused Mr. taxation" which in recorded history has Deductions for medical and dental ex- Surrey and others to call deductions "tax more often destroyed free government thall penses------10.1 expenditures." Instead of allowing a deduc­ "taxation without representation," which the Deductions for casualty losses, child tion of donations, government could provide founders of this country fought. care expenses, and other______9. 9 direct subsidies to private schools, colleges Those who aim at an even stronger redis­ and thousands of other institutions, as has tribution of income by repealing some types Total------96.7 been suggested. That would, within a short of remedial tax provisions while widening As I mentioned earlier, itemized deductions time, bring the end of private education and those that benefit persons in the low brackets free a larger percentage of the income in most other voluntary activities in the United appear to believe that government has a the lower income groups than in the higher. States. That may be the real goal of those prior claim to all income and that a person St111, Mr. Surrey has a point when, in the who advocate repeal or curtailment of the 1s really not entitled to the earnings result­ earlier cited article, he charges that a $1000 deduction for contributions. Of course it ing from his individual effort. There can of deduction may mean a net $140 benefit to a would be enormously expensive to the tax­ course be-and there are-wide differences person in the low brackets and up to $700 payers to educate at governmental institu­ of opinion of how a fair tax load should be to a person in the high brackets. That is tions the millions of young people who pres­ allocated, and whose hardships should be simply the result of our progressive rate ently attend private schools and colleges. recognized in the income tax. Most of the scale-from 14 percent to 70 percent. As Disallowance of the charitable deduction current provisions that shield some income long as it is regarded to be equitable to tax would hit churches and all religious activi­ from the full impact of the rate schedule-­ one person's income at 70 percent and an­ ties especially hard. They could not be grant­ or from any tax-were put there not by other's at a mere 14 percent, it seems natural ed direct governmental subsidies because of inadvertence but to meet one or both of that a deduction is more valuable in the the U.S. Supreme Court's interpretation of these objectives: higher brackets. Those who want it otherwise the "no establishment" clause of the First (1) to provide equity, horizontal or appear to believe in the principle: Heads Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Could vertical, among taxpayers and different types I win, tails you lose. it be regarded as good policy and in the and magnitudes of income by taking into A correction of the unequal benefits of public interest to deal a devastating blow to account differing circumstances and offering deductions could be achieved by converting religious activities in the United States, con­ rellef for hardships; trary to a well founded tradition that ante­ from deductions from the tax base to credits dates even the Constitution? (2) to provide incentives to taxpayers to against tax llabillty. This would be desirable engage in or enlarge activities which are held Some regard the joint income tax return­ in some cases, such as education. or spllt-income provision-to be a loophole. to be desirable as a matter of public policy. But to abolish deductions and shift to di­ This is done by offering rewards to some and Undoubtedly it saves many married couples rect governmental subsidies, as Surrey sug­ sizeable amounts in taxes. Between 1948 and imposing penalties on others. gests, would be about the worst that could These two objectives often produce con­ 1969 a single person had to pay up to 42 per­ be done. It would sound the death knell to cent more in income taxes than a married :fllcting results when translated into tax most voluntary activities and private educa­ pollcy. tion, concentrate all power in the federal couple with the same income. Organizations One of the most frequently attacked of single people continued to complain government, and extinguish much of the about this inequity and demanded redress. "loopholes" is the provision to tax long-term freedom that 1s still left to Americans after capital gains at half the normal rate. Some They succeeded in 1969 in having Congress the vast expansion of governmental author­ reduce the tax disadvantage of single per­ ask: why should money made from money ity in recent decades. be taxed more lightly than money made sons to a maximum of 20 percent. That cre­ The largest deduction is for state and local ated another, unexpected and unintended from working? That sounds persuasive but 1s taxes paid, with the heaviest concentration misleading. Suppose you bought a house ten inequity. A man and a woman in the upper­ in the center of the income scale. Not to middle income brackets who earn about years ago for $20,000 and now sell it for allow this deduction would be to levy a tax $30,000. Should you have to pay income tax equal incomes now pay up to 19 percent more on a tax or on mere phantom income, not in income taxes than if they were not mar­ on the $10,000 you gained? Obviously, that on real and avallable income. We already gain 1s fictitious, a mere paper gain. If you ried. They could of course, live together, but impose too much double taxation, as it is. they could not get married without getting a wanted to buy another home of equivalent If, for example, a person earns a monthly sizeable boost in their tax bill. This has been value you would have to pay at least $30,000. salary of $2000, about $400 may be withheld That is why the law exempts such "gains" called a "tax on marriage" and a bonus for for federal income tax, aside from $117 for divorce or "living in sin." on the sale of residences under certain cir­ social security tax, so that he gets less than cumstances. But the same situation exists There is a way out of this dilemma that $1500 in take-home pay (minus possible could do justice both to married and single with other types of investment except that other deductions). But he is federally taxed the owner has to pay an income tax on half persons. But in the strife of contesting on $2000, that is on $500 more than he ac­ forces, Congress has not seen fit to provide the paper gain even 1f it 1s fictitious. When tually receives. About 30 states do the same: you change from one investment to another a fair method of taxing single and married they impose their income tax on the gross persons on a more equitable basis. you may only roll over your money but may income, making no allowance for the fact have little or no real gain. Capital gains are that in the above cited case the recipient gets IN CONCLUSION not included in personal income in the na­ only $1500 and not $2000. To curtail the In its allocation of mitigative features­ tional income and products accounts and existing-and inadequate-federal deduction or "loopholes" 1f you please-the federal in­ the advocates of taxing capital gain as if it for state and local taxes would be a move in come tax shows the same bias which charac­ were ordinary income must engage in elab­ the wrong direction and make our tax system terizes the entire American tax structure: orate mathematical gymnastics to adjust even more capricious and unfair than it in favor of consumption and against capital their statistics. alread:v is. formation and investment, in favor of the The United States once tried taxing cap­ The deductibility of interest paid was orig­ low (or no) producer and against the high ital ga.tns as ordinary income, from 1918 to inally allowed mostly with the thought 1n producer and earner. 1921. What happened was that investments mind of borrowing for business purposes, i.e., That is politically understandable. Four With gains were not sold, only those with with the intent of earning income. But in­ out of every five personal income tax re­ losses, so that the Treasury had a net reve­ terest on home mortgages and for consumer turns in 1972 reported an AGI under $15,000 nue loss. That would happen again if normal financing now accounts for three-fourths of and 95 percent were under $25,000. On the December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38225 other hand, only 3 percent of all returns Neighborhood Housing Services program. plan to make more mortgage funds available showed AGI of $30,000 or more and a mere NHS is a nonprofit, foundation-funded to inner-city dwellers. Pointing to delay in 0.8 percent of $50,000 or over. With whom is community organization which makes banks' implementation of the plan, how­ the vote-hungry member of Congress or loans to homeowners in the inner city. ever, the Commissioner has filed antired­ candidate going to place his bet--and vote: In a major effort to reach borrowers who lining legislation for consideration next With the 51 percent who report an income feel they have been discriminated against, January by the state legislature. under $8,000 or with the 0.8 percent with an the HMOC has placed full-page advertise­ In Pittsburgh, the burden of coming income of $50,000 or more? ments in Pittsburgh's major dailies and in a forward for review rests on the borrower But the American people are paying a weekly minority newspaper. They hope to and to date, With the program fully under high price for this bias-in a much lower rouse borrowers ·through headlines that way !or about three weeks, no refused appli­ rate of investment than is enjoyed by other head "No Pittsburgh neighborhood should be cant has yet appeared to demand review, Mr. industrial countries, in a smaller rate of 'redlined'; We propose to make sure that Jones said. economic growth, and in higher unemploy­ none is." He explained that many financial institu­ ment. Posters and placards with the same mes­ tions have not yet responded to the com­ Even more ominous is the creation of a sage, urging consumers who have not been mittee's requests that they join, and many growing mass of people who clamor for ever able to secure mortgage funds to come for­ have not been asked yet, as a result of the greater benefits from the government to ward, will be placed in all participating fi­ short time it has been in existence. Mr. Jones whose support they do not have to con­ nancial institutions, and brochures will be said he is hopeful that the rest of the thrifts tribute. The growing irresponsib111ty of vot­ distributed at the time of application. Meet­ in the city will join and that meetings are ing-or representation Without taxation­ ings with realtors, appraisers and commu­ being held to form a more extensive market­ poses a grave threat to the preservation of nity groups will spread the message that ing campaign With plans for more ads to be free government in the United States. His­ mortgage funds are available to borrowers placed in Pittsburgh's newspapers in Decem­ tory issues a stern warning which we can in the inner city. ber a-nd January. neglect at our dire peril. One banking official close to the scene said The group is supported by member institu­ that he is glad to see the city's thrift in­ tions on a sliding fee scale based on deposit stitutions "getting themselves into shape," size, he explained. while others expressed concern that the pro­ Of the city's three largest commercial gram placed too much responsibility on the banks, only one, the $1.42 b1llion-deposit PITTSBURGH LENDERS FORM: UNIT Equibank NA, has joined the group. The TO COMBAT REDLINING borrower for initla.ting review. Impetus for formation of the group ap­ others, the $6.9 blllion-deposit Mellon Bank pears to have come from several sources. NA and the $2.2 billion-deposit Pittsburgh HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD Charges of redllning were levied against the National Bank have refused to participate in city's financial institutions by a city coun­ the program saying they do not redline and OF PENNSYLVANIA cilman who sponsored a recently passed they have their own individual review boards IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES amendment to the city's banking ordinance and procedures for generating mortgage loan applications in the inner city. Tuesday, December 2, 1975 that states financial institutions must agree not to discriminate against mortgage loan Mr. Jones said he "cannot understand Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. applications because of the location or area why they won't join." He said invitations Mr. Speaker, in an effort to overcome the for which funds are intended and must agree were extended to as many financial in­ to provide mortgage funds for low and mod­ stitutions as possible as soon after the allegations of redlining and to insure inception of the group and that "if these that qualified borrowers are not turned erate income residents in the city. Financial institutions must agree to the above condi­ banks don't redline, then they have no down for matters unrelated to their tions in order to receive city funds, accord­ reason not to join us." All Federally insured credit worthiness or the location of their ing to the ordinance. area financial institutions were invited to property, mortgage leaders in my city During U.S. Congress hearings on proposed join in the newspaper ads, he said. . of Pittsburgh have formed a public legislation which would require disclosure by "Perhaps what the Home Mortgage Oppor­ citizens mortgage review committee. census tract or zip code of mortgage lending tunity Committee is doing is approprlate for information, Rep. William S. Moorhead, D., them, but not for us, since we have been in Called the Home Mortgage Oppor­ this market and are committed to this market tunity Committee, the unit will re­ Pa., a member of the House subcommittee on financial institutions, superviSion, regula­ in making loans regardless of location or examine every mortgage refusal made in tion and insurance which was doing the in­ amount. We intend to continue to expand our the city of Pittsburgh with an eye toward vestigating, found evidence of an inab111ty portfolio in Pittsburgh," Walter R. Miller making that loan if possible. on the part of borrowers to secure small Jr., vice president and director of marketing The Pittsburgh lenders who discussed mortgage loans and a reluctance on the part for Mellon, said. this idea with me, before it was activated, of lenders to supply funds to certain areas. Mellon had its own review committee, he did not argue about whether Pittsburgh The subcommittee is part of the Banking, said, made up of people from the bank. It institutions "redlined" or not. They Currency and Housing Committee. was the largest mortgage lender in the region Mr. Moorhead was contacted by lenders 1n last year with a significant portion of its merely looked for ways to respond to the Pittsburgh, his home city, about the best mortgage loans under $15,000. The bank also problem and the Home Mortgage Op­ way to deal With these problems. The result provided more than 60% of the home im­ portunity Committee is their answer. was the creation of the HMOC. provement loans in its market area last year, This unique experiment in urban mort­ Elsewhere, Pennsylvania's second and third Mr. Mtller emphasized. gage lending recently was the subject largest commercial banks and its biggest Mr. Jones explained that the committee of an excellent article in the November mutual savings bank announced last month Will be revieWing all rejected loan applica­ 24 American Banker, written by Ms. they had revised their lending criteria to re­ tions brought to them by borrowers, includ­ lease more mortgage money to neglected ing those of banks or thrift institutions Laura Gross. areas in the city. The three institutions-the which are not members. Mr. Miller said that if I would like to include this article in $4.2 billion-deposit First Pennsylvania Bank a turned-down application was brought back the RECORD at this time for the informa­ NA, $2.9 billion-deposit Philadelphia Na­ to the bank, it would be reviewed again and tion of my colleagues: tional Bank, and the $3.4 billion-deposit 1f something was missed, the bank would PITTSBURGH MORTGAGE REVIEW GROUP FORMED Philadelphia Saving Fund Society-said they grant the loan. But with the bank's own mortgage review committee assuring that its PrrrsBURGH.-Twenty-six of this city's hope to meet whatever market demand de­ velops for inner-city loans, rather than es­ credit policy of no discrimination based on thrift institutions have banded together with location, sex, race, color, creed, marital status, three commercial banks and several citizens tablish a specific lending goal. They acknowledged, however, that "pre­ national origin or amount of loan, being so action groups in establishing a mechanism to strictly enforced, it is unlikely the review guarantee that mortgage loan refusals in viously held stereotypes and biases" prevent them from making more mortgage funds board at Mellon would overlook an arbitrary the city are not made on discriminatory loan denial. standards. available earlier. other financial institutions in the Philadelphia area were invited to join Robert C. Milsom, president of Pittsburgh They have created a group, called the National, explained that Pittsburgh National Home Mortgage Opportunity Committee, the three. In New York State, in a move to thwart did not join the group since the "bank feels that has set up a two-step review process, 1f there is a problem that this is not the cor­ first by lenders and then by citizens. The a legislatively mandated mortgage invest­ ment program, the Savings Banks Associa­ rect solution." He emphasized that the bank committees examine, upon request by bor­ tion of New York State recently announced is not afraid of being accused of redlinng­ rowers, every mortgage turndown made by it will establish a mortgage review fund that it lists all of its mortgage loans by zip code, participating institutions to judge whether Will handle applications !or loans that have he said, and he "thinks we"ve done well in it was based on legitimate financial con­ been previously rejected. the urban areas." siderations. And in Massachusetts, the savings banks, Mr. Mllsom emphasized that the bank has Chairman of both the HMOC and its again in an effort to prevent forcible legisla­ always had a policy to make mortgage loans citizens review board is Thomas A. tion, have agreed with Carol S. Greenwald, available in all the areas 1t serves. It is true, Jones, executive director of Pittsburgh's Commissioner of Banks, to enter a voluntary he admitted, that certain areas do not gen- 38226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 erate as many applications as others, but the tions regular budget. This proposal will Saudi Arabia's by 39 percent, Nigeria's bank is currently trying to stimulate loans achieve an equitable and fair assessment by 45 percent, Iraq's by 77 percent, Ku­ in those areas, rather than "taking a negative of our payment to the operating budget wait by 118 percent-the per capita in­ approach in dealing with complaints." Pittsburgh National has stepped up its of this body. come of this nation was an unheard-of contacts with realtors and citizens groups, When the United Nations Charter was $10,670 in 1974-and Qatar by a whop­ Mr. Milsom said, in an effort to make the ratified in October 1945, there were 51 ping 180 percent. community aware of the availability of funds. member states who agreed that they have The scale of assessments for their It has tried to make sure all branch managers a legal obligation to bear the expenses payment to the U.N. budget is as follows: understand and comply with the bank's non­ of the organization as· apportioned by Iran, .20 percent; Saudi Arabia, .06 per­ discriminatory loan policy and 1s confident the General Assembly. A committee on cent; Nigeria, .10 percent; Iraq, .05 per­ this has been the case. Mr. Milsom said, however, that the bank contributions was set up to prepare a cent; Kuwait, .09 percent and Qatar, .02 might have "felt differently had they come scale of assessments based on capacity percent. Need I say more? If assessment to us initially and let us have an input into to pay, which is determined on the basis is according to "capacity to pay" based the committee and how it should operate." of national income estimates. Three on national income and per capita in­ The five-person public interest review com­ other factors also were to be considered come estimates, these countries should be mittee, including Mr. Jones, is made up of to avoid inequities: contributing a lot more than the very Roger s. Ahlbrandt Jr., director of Research First. Comparative per capita income; modest sums they are now paying. and Development ACTION-Housing, Inc., Second. Temporary dislocation of na­ What concerns me most is the fact that Pittsburgh; John H. Adams, executive di­ rector of the Pittsburgh Business Resource tional economies due to World War II; many member states are guilty of with­ Center; Shalom D. Comay, vice president and and holding payment of their assessed funds. general counsel for Action Industries, Inc., Third. Ability of members to secure As of the end of 1974, 72 nations owed Pittsburgh and former Housing Court mag­ foreign currency. $57,387,139 in assessments, $29,544,951 of istr.ate; and Caryl M. Kline, director of con­ In addition, a 1948 resolution set the which is owed by the Soviet Union and tinuing education for women of the Univer­ ceiling of 33% percent on the assessment $1,338,121 by Red China, whose member­ sity of Pittsburgh. of the highest contributor. This figure ship only went as far back as 1971. As a These five will sit in at review meetings held by a lenders review committee, a revolv­ was reduced to 30 percent in 1957. The matter of fact, the U.N. was in such ing committee made up of people from the minimum rate set at .04 percent in the straits financially at the end of that year participating lending institutions. The citi­ beginning was lowered to .02 percent in that Secretary General Kurt Waldheim zens review board will have no vote at these 1972. had to ask the U.S. to pay her 1974 final meetings but wlll analyze the data provided Initially, the Committee on Contribu­ installment of $100 million in advance, by the lender and the borrower who has tions proposed an assessment of 49.89 which we did. I cannot tolerate the fact brought the proceedings because he feels he percent for the United States, but our that while we act the part of the overly was denied a loan on discriminatory stand­ representative vehemently objected, as generous rich uncle, countries such as ards. those in the Communist bloc, which do If the lenders review committee agrees this was not an accurate measure of the to reject the loan a second time, the cit­ U.S. capacity to pay, and we were then not have national debts comparable to izens review board, or public interest review temporarily assessed at 39.89 percent for ours, can withhold their payments at will committee, will review it again. If it is de­ 1946. This was at a time when most and yet continue to exercise all the cided that there is discrimination, the loan nations, including our own, though to privileges of membership. will go back to the same institution to which a lesser extent, were still reeling from Besides the financial and economic the borrower first applied, or it may be re­ the devastating effects of the Second considerations, there is also the problem assigned to another institution. World War. of disillusionment among the American Mr. Jones explained the reason for as­ people with the negative results of the signing to another institution may be that Over the years, the United States con­ there are different kinds of loans different tinued to be assessed over 30 percent of actions of the United Nations. institutions can make--some make 95% the operating budget until 1973, when we This international organization was loans, some 80% loans, some Federal Housing were charged 25 percent of the total pay­ founded on the basis of peace and Administration-insured loans and some Vet. ment. In dollars and cents, we have con­ brotherhood. After the holocaust of the erans Administration loans. If it becomes tributed over $5 billion-$5,513,997 ,000 to Second World War, hope ran high that obvious that one, or more than one, financial be exact-to the United Nations and its this body would usher in an era of mean­ institution is continually rejecting loans for ingful dialog and peaceful coexistence. one or more policy reasons which are con­ affiliates since the creation of that body. sidered discriminatory in any way, Mr. Jones In fiscal 1976, we will put out another Instead of a forum where mutual under­ said pressure would be placed on that in­ $81.2 million to support the United Na­ standing can be nurtured, this world stitution to change its policies. He empha­ tions regular operating budget, plus mil­ body has become more like a market­ sized this is not an assigned risk pool for lions more for all the special programs. place where representatives of member mortgage loans and should not be viewed All this at a time when our national debt nations hurled insults at each other and as such. is at an alltime high of $561.9 billion and where actions of the various members "Our major concern is that 1f it's a bank­ our projected national deficit will be verge on irrationality. able loan, the consumer gets the funds he The American people are becoming needs to finance his home," Mr. Jones as­ somewhere between $70 and $72 million. serted. This year marks the 30th anniversary increasingly skeptical of whether the "If they are good loans and one institu­ of the founding of the United Nations. United Nations would ever become the tion winds up with a lot of the previously This organization now boasts a member­ type of organization its founders meant rejected ones," in the instance that the re­ ship of 143 nation states. It is appallingly it to be. As former Ambassador John view boards reverse first decisions, "what's unfair that any one country should pay Scali put it so aptly: the difference?" Mr. Jones said, "So what, one-fourth of the budget when the other For years the American people and Con­ 1f they're good loans." 142 only carry three-quarters of the gress have provided support for the U.N. total. It is especially so when we con­ generously. But I must tell you that this support is eroding-in our Congress and sider that the Soviet Union, whose na­ among our people. tional debt is considerably less than ours, COSTS OF U.S. CONTRIBUTION is only assessed 12.9 percent and no We must now reassess our attitude to­ TO U.N. other country pays more than 8 percent. ward this international body and one Furthermore, economic indicators in of the first things that should be re­ HON. JERRY LITTON the past few years have shown a marked assessed is our financial support. OF MISSOURI change in the economies of the nations I do not feel at this time that we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of thP. world. Increased demand for oil should withdraw from the United Na­ has boosted the GNP and per capita in­ tions despite all our disappointments. In Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 comes of oil exporting countries to an my opinion, there is more of a need now Mr. LITTON. Mr. Speaker, before unprecedented high. Briefly, this is than ever before for an effective inter­ Thanksgiving I introduced a bill which what has happened in the economies of national body in which differences among would, in effect, reduce the contribution the oil rich countries between 1973 and nations can be worked out in a civilized of the United States to the United Na- 1974: Iran's GNP went up by 16 percent, and peaceful manner. We must not react December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38227 like a spoiled child when faced with ad­ think, the freest and widest discussion of research at Children's Hospital in the these seemingly arcane and often complex verse situations, nor should the irrational fields of hematology and oncology. I am matters. behavior of certain nations cause us to very proud of this group and feel that Some of the tentative staff recommenda­ their efforts on behalf of all children are act irrationally also, but we do have to tions are quite sweeping: stop playing rich Uncle Sam to the rest There is a proposal to combine all of the most worthy and should be brought to of the world. It is high time that the banking regulatory authorities into a new light. Because the welfare of children is brotherhood of nations realizes that we Federal Depository Institutions Commission. of utmost concern and importance, the will only pay what we feel is our fair The study would broaden the definition of following article setting forth the pur­ banks that come under regulation. share of the load. If the other member pose and efforts of Tri-Delta in behalf It would remove from the Federal Reserve of children deserves the attention of nations are still interested in supporting Board any of its bank regulatory functions. this body, they will have to pick up their It would combine all the monetary policy Members of Congress and other Ameri­ share of the fin ancial burden. If they are decision-making into the hands of the Board cans: unwilling to do this, then it is just as well of Governors of the Federal Reserve in CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL R ESEARCH to let it die a quiet death. Washington, thus consolidating that power COMMITI'EE OF DELTA DELT A DELTA Mr. Speaker, I would now like to brief­ which is now diffused into several other Following World War II, Delta Delta Delta ly state the major provisions of my bill: bodies such as the various Reserve Bank Alumnae in the Los Angeles area accepted presidents and the Federal Open Market the challenge presented by the ph ilanthropic First, to reduce our contribution to the Committee. programs already started by various panhel­ United Nations system's regular budget It would change the term of office of a lenic groups to have their own local phil­ from one-fourth to one-sixth. governor of the Federal Reserve from 14 anthropy. In the fall of 1947 it was recom­ Second, to direct the President to make years to 10 years, reduce the number of gov­ mended that medical research at Children's payments to the U.N. out of funds appro­ ernors from seven to five and make the Hospital would be most worthy of their sup­ priated prior to such date only to the chairman's term coincident with that of the port and the suggestion made that the money extent that the total amount of such President. be raised for a doctor in medical research, payments does not exceed one-sixth of It would bring the SEC and the Attorney with an ultimate dream of a yearly fellow­ General's office into banking regulation by ship. the total annual assessment of the U.N. representation in the Federal Depository In­ The Los Angeles Alliance assumed !;he or any affiliated agency. stitutions Commission. leadership and was efficiently assisted by Third, to di.rect the U.S. Ambassador It would subject the Federal Reserve to Glendale, Pasadena and Valley Alliances. to the U.N. to take such steps as may audit by the General Accounting Office. Patronesses were invited to help. The first be necessary to assure that the United It would expand the regulation of over­ year, $1,500 for their philanthropy was raised Nations give serious consideration to the seas branches of American banks. by contributions from Tri-Delta patrons and recently acquired wealth of the oil pro­ There are many more recommendations friends. The following year a benefit fashion ducing member states so that such states and suggest ions in the FINE study, but it luncheon was held with a giveaway prize of should be obvious to all that nothing less a new car. This proved to be a big success are apportioned shares of the total as­ than a fundament al reexamination and re­ and $3,500 was given to the hospital. This sessment commensurate with their evaluation of all aspect s of ~nancial in­ plan has been followed and has resulted 1n wealth. stitutions will now seriously get underway. the annual Sleigh Bell Luncheon held usu­ Frankly, it is long overdue. Most of the ally early in December. Their annual dona­ laws that affect the various banks, savings tion has grown until it has reached $6,000. A "FINE" STUDY & loan associations and their regulators were To date, they have given the Hospital over created generations ago. They have been $36,000. added to, modified, patched up and pinned The doctor receiving their fellowship is together, with virtually no one standing back chosen by the Hospital and his study may HON. MARK W. HANNAFORD to examine the haphazard quiltwork that has be in any research the Hospital deems most OF CALIFORNIA emerged. necessary. The first year the fund was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moreover, in this decade we live in a awarded to a doctor engaged in blue baby world where our national destiny is no longer research. The following two years the doctor Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 exclusively subject to our own needs and de­ was engaged in psychiatric pediatrics. How­ ever, in 1951 the Hospital requested that Tri­ Mr. HANNAFORD. Mr. Speaker, a sires. Worldwide inflat ion and recession, de­ pleted resources, shrunken liquidity and a Delta turn their efforts to the field of he­ perceptive editorial in Financial World falterin g monetary system make it manda­ matology and contribute toward the salary magazine, November 26, 1975, points out tory that at least in this country the bank­ and equipment for a doctor, no funds being that the time is long overdue for Con­ ing system and its regulation rest on the available at the Hospital for this important gress to take a fundamental look at the soundest foundation. research at that time. By accepting the rec­ structure and operations of the Nation's Of course, like anybody else, we have some ommendation, a doctor was able to remain financia l institutions. strong opinions on some of the issues in­ at Children's Hospital to start and continue volved; and we will not be reticent in shar­ the research, which is perhaps the most sig­ Financial World applauds the way in nificant research being carried on in the en­ which the House Banking, Currency and ing them with you. But we think Chairman Reuss' approach in creating the stage to ini­ tire country. Housing Committee is tackling this com­ tiate a vigorous and widespread national dia­ Delta Delta Delta is proud that they are plicated subject. Hearings this month on logue with all points of view being heard making this program possible. They are the a set of ''discussion principles" will pro­ can lead to the wisest ultimate decisions. first group offering material and continuing vide opportunity for a wide-ranging, We applaud the staff, the Committee and support for research at Los Angeles Chil­ free-flowing discussion of problems in the study. dren's Hospital. In this way, they have made our financial structure and the best way a wonderful contribution to children far and near who are afillcted with diseases of to meet them. - the blood--of which leukemia, the anemias, It is gratifying to see opinion leaders CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL and the RH factor are only the best known. in the financial community recognizing RESEARCH COMMTITEE OF DELTA the urgency of this situation, and in ac­ DELTA DELTA cord with the Banking Committee's ap­ proach. The editorial follows: HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD PLEA FOR PERSECUTED CHRIS­ A "FINE" STUDY OF CALIFORNIA TIANS IN RUSSIA DELIVERED TO For many months a highly qualified staff, WORLD COUNCTI... OF CHURCHES aided by expert outside consultants, has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been putting together a document concern­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 ing the financial institutions and the na­ tion's economy (FINE). The report was re­ Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Mr. HON. LARRY McDONALD leased a few weeks ago on behalf of the Speaker, in my 22d District of California, OF GEORGIA House Committee on Banking, Currency and the Southern California Philanthropy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Housing and its relevant subcommittee. Committee of Delta Delta Delta has been Tuesday, December 2, 1975 Chairman Henry Reuss has wisely decided involved for 28 years in service to Chil­ to take the staff recommendations and em­ dren's Hospital of Los Angeles. Each year Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. body them into a series of discussion prin­ Speaker, one of the most neglected issues ciples. This relieves Mr. Reuss and the other in early December this group holds a members of the committee and subcommit­ Delta Delta Delta Sleighbell Day Lunch­ of our time is the continuing persecution tee of an advocacy posture. It will allow, we eon, the proceeds of which go to support of Christians in the Communist world 38228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 and in particular those in the Soviet GETTING NATURAL GAS I do not believe that a Congressman Union. Recently, an 11-page letter was TO THE PUBLIC can afford to sit on the sidelines in such delivered in Nairobi, Kenya, to the a situation and do nothing. We know World Council of Churches meeting ask­ that the gas supplies exist. We know that ing for the assistance of this organiza­ HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI the pipelines are available to bring that tion. However, the World Council of OF NEW YORK gas to cities like New York which face Churches has traditionally been very IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES shortages this winter. And, we know that disinterested in torture and persecution Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 the power exists to make this gas move to behind the Iron and Bamboo Curtains, Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, many those cities. This court suit is one that so the plea is likely to be ignored. But we areas of the country, mainly the North­ is necessary to insure action, and one in the free world should not ignore their east, face major shortages of natural gas which I felt I should join in supporting plea. We should exert pressure on the this winter. A number of serious ques­ on behalf of my constituents. Soviet Union to permit true freedom of tions have been raised as to why these religion. My understanding is that sev­ shortages are imminent. A number of eral Members of the Congress are at­ suspicions have been raised to the effect tending this meeting and they might that some of the oil and gas companies COMMON SITUS PICKETING well inquire as to what action is being possibly have been holding back supplies taken as a result of this plea. The news­ of this vital fuel supply. Other suspicions paper account from the Daily Tele­ have been voiced in various quarters that HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN graph-London-of November 26, 1975, the Federal Power Commission has not OF ILLINOIS follows: been regulating natural gas to guaran­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PLEA FOR PERSECUTED CHRISTIANS BEHIND tee the release of these supplies to con­ IRON CURTAIN sumers who are most in need. Tuesday, December 2, 1975 (By Gerard Kemp in Nairobi) The interstate natural gas market, in­ Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, in the A letter appealing for help on behalf of cluding New York City and New York near future my colleagues in the House persecuted Christians behind the Iron Cur­ State, has been severely affected by in­ will have another opportunity to express tain has been smuggled to the World Council of Churches fifth assembly in Nairobi by two creases throughout the past few years of themselves on the subject of common Russian Orthodox churchmen in Moscow. the unregulated intrastate price of nat­ situs picketing. It may be of some inter­ The letter, which pleads for action by the ural gas; the natural gas supplies have est to review briefly the position of the council to end "psychiatric torture" of Chris­ been increasingly diverted to the intra­ business community, which is over­ tians in Russia, was circulating among dele­ state market, away from the regulated whelmingly opposed to this measure. gates yesterday, and may well be debated in and lower priced interstate market. Here is a statement by many of the lead­ the council chamber. I believe that the FPC has a duty to ing representatives of business: Meetings were going on last night to see if protect that interstate market from in­ STATEMENT CONCERNING H.R. 5900 this could be arranged. There has been little reference so far dur­ trastate diversion of natural gas. Every We, the undersigned (representing at least ing the assembly conference to the plight of time the FPC allows gas that should 2,654,800 employers) , are opposed to enact­ persecuted Christians in Russia and the let­ cross State lines at lower prices to stay ment of H.R. 5900 as passed by the House ter urged delegates to do everything from inside pr.oducing States at higher prices, and the Senate because of one or more of holding prayer meetings to issuing protest the oil and gas monopoly makes money the following reasons: letters to bring this persecution to the and the public loses. Eventually, it is the 1. A legalized secondary boycott applied world's attention. to an all-union construction site will mean hope of the oil and gas monopoly to that a strike against one general contractor The council could help, it suggested, by make interstate consumers, such as the obtaining permission for "exhausted Chris­ or one subcontractor will close down the en­ tians" to emigrate "somewhere where they residents of New York, pay what the in­ tire job. would be allowed to work and observe their trastate market now pays. What this 2. A legalized secondary boycott wm drive reUgion in peace." would mean is at least a tripling or pos­ out of existence (polarize, in the words of It called for action from the council to sibly a quadrupling of our utility bills. Secretary Dunlop) mixed (a mixture of union bring to an end "psychiatric torture" against And, this is not only unacceptable to me, and non-union contractors and subcontrac­ Russian Christians and asked for help in the but to the Nation's consumers of natural tors) construction sites. Such polarization "unrestricted distribution" of the Bible. will inflate construction costs where mixed gas as well. jobs are now being performed because the INTERNAL SITUATION It is vital that the known and new sup­ general contractor will no longer be able to The letter ran to more than 11 pages and plies of natural gas that are deliberately accept the lowest responsive bid; he Will be was signed by Father Gleb Yakunin and Mr. being kept within the States that produce forced, if union, to accept the lowest union Lev Regelson, who are both well known for them be forced into the interstate mar­ subcontractor bids and, if non-union, the their protests at world church meetings. ket by the FPC to provide consumers lowest non-union subcontractor bids. Father Yakunin, 44, was the co-author of In short, there w111 be less competition, an open letter in 1965 which described the with adequate and reasonably priced less efficiency, and higher prices to the con­ internal situation of the Russian Orthodox supplies of fuel. This is necessary partic­ struction user. A construction user such as a Church. Earlier this year he published a pro­ ularly in view of the Supreme Court land­ manufacturer will pass costs to the public test against a decision to declare Easter Day mark decision some 60 years ago in the through higher prices for manufactured a work day. For this he was threatened with "Shreveport Case," which held that the goods, while higher construction costs to the dismissal. Interstate Commerce Commission "oper­ government will be passed to the taxpayer. The authors of this week's letter wrote: ating under a statute substantially iden­ 3. A legalized secondary boycott may close "The world has not heard the World Council tical to the Natural Gas Act, has full au­ down an industrial plant in certain situa­ of Churches raising its authoritative voice tions where the plant site is also a construc­ when the Russian Orthodox Church was half thority to regulate the intrastate market tion site on which a. picket Une has been destroyed . . . no indignant protest was to the extent necessary to protect the in­ established. heard from the Council when religion was erstate market." 4. Title II of the Senate bill, known a.s the completely crushed in Albania. The Consumer Federation of Ameri­ Construction Industry Bargaining Act of The letter also recalled that, in 1961, the ca, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and 1975, will in no way ofl'set the irreparable Russian Orthodox church joined the World the American Public Gas Association harm which Will be caused by passage of the Council of Churches. Common Situs Picketing bill and should not have filed a suit to require the Federal be viewed as a. trade-otr for the Common "For the Russian Church, that year was Power Commission act accordingly marked by an increasing wave of anti-re­ to to Situs Picketing bill. ligious terror and by forcible closing of force this gas into the interstate market Our opposition to the legalization of the churches, monasteries and theological to aid consumers in the Northeast and secondary boycott is shared by the editorial schools everywhere. other areas of the country. Several Mem­ writers of the following newspapers, an of "Protestant congregations were subjected bers of Congress have joined in filing a which oppose the secondary boycott: to no less brutal persecution." friend-of-the-court brief in support of EDITORIALS OPPOSING SECONDARY BOYCOTTS The matter of religious persecution ought this recent action. And, I am pleased to ALABAMA to become the central theme of Christian have become one of the members to join Birmingham Post-Herald, Birmingham. ecumenism, the authors said. in filing this brief. Union Banner, Clanton. December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38229

MASSACHUSETTS San Antonio Light, San Antonio (3). ARIZONA El Paso Herald Post, El Paso. Arizona Republic, Arizona. Capital Journal, Salem. Fort Worth Press, Fort Worth. Gazette, Worcester. ARKANSAS Massachusetts Editorial Foundation, Bos- UTAH Log Cabin Democrat, Conway. ton. Mlllard County Chronicle, Delta. CALIFORNIA Boston Globe, Boston. Deseret News, Salt Lake City (2). Fullerton Dally News Tribune, Fullerton. Boston Herald American, Boston. The 8alt Lake Tribune, Salt Lake City. Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, Los Angeles. Ohrlstlan Science Monitor, Boston. VIRGINIA The Sacramento Bee, Sacramento. l\fiCIDGAN Richmond Times-Dispatch, Richmond (2). san Franclsoo Examiner, San Francisco (4). Argus, Shepherd. Northern Virginla S~, Arlington. Sacramento Union, Sacramento. Farmer's Advance, Camden. South Bay Breeze, Torrence. WASHINGTON MINNESOTA Post Intelllgencer, Seattle. COLORADO Emmons Leader, Emmons. The Dally Chronicle, Centralla-Chahalls. Boulder Camera, Boulder. Pioneer Press, St. Paul. Ledger-News, Antonito. WEST VIRGINIA The Denver Post, Denver. MISSOURI Advertiser, St. Albans. Free-Press, San Luis County. Headlight, Stanberry. Record, West Union. Rocky Mountain News, Denver. People's Guide, St. Louis. WISCONSIN Kansas Kansas CONNECTICUT South City Sun, City. The A-Delite, Strum. The Kansas City Star, Kansas City. Naugatuck News, Naugatuck (2). Stand Press, St. Croix Falls. St. Louis Globe-Democrat, St. Louis. Milwaukee Sentinel, Milwaukee. DELAWARE The Sunday Missourian, Missouri. Milwaukee Journal, Milwaukee. Delaware State News, Delaware. NEBRASKA WYOMING DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Lincoln Evening Journal, Lincoln. Wyoming State Tribune, Wyoming. The Washington Post, Washington, D.C. Niobrara Tribune, Niobrara. Signed by: The Washington Star, Washington, D.C. Tryon Graphic, Tryon. American Farm Bureau Federation. (3). NEVADA American Retall Federation. FLORIDA Nevada State Journal, Nevada. American Road Builders Association. Fort Lauderdale Sun Sentinel, Fort Lauder- American Subcontractors Association. NEW MEXICO dale. Architectural Woodwork Institute. Jacksonville Dally News, Jacksonville. Albuquerque Journal, Albuquerque (2). Associated Bullders and Contractors Inc. The Miami Herald, Miami. NEW YORK Associated General Contractors of America. Sentinel Star, Orlando. The Wall Street Journal, New York City Business Roundtable. The Pensacola News, Pensacola. (4). Chamber of Commerce of the U.S. Hollywood Sun Tattler, Hollywood. The New York Times, New York City (8). Councll of Construction Employers. Stuart News, Stuart. Courter, Brookfield. Crane and Rigging Association. National Asphalt Pavement Association. GEORGIA omo National Association of Home Builders of New Era, Jeffersonvllle. Exlamlner, Bellefontaine. the u.s. IDAHO The Cincinnati Enquirer, Cincinnati. National Association of Manufacturers. The Idaho Statesman, Boise. Columbus Citizen-Journal, Columbus (2). National Association of Plastic Fabricators. Louisville Herald, Lou1sv1lle. National Association of Plumbing-Heating- ILLINOIS The Dispatch, Columbus. Cooling Contractors. Chicago Tribune, Chicago ( 3) . The Plain Dealer, Cleveland. National Constructors Association. Fulton Democrat, Lewistown. The Cleveland Press, Cleveland. National Councll of Steel Fabricators and Highland News-Ledger, Highland. The Cincinnati Post, Cincinnati. Riggers. South Suburban Journal, South Holland. The Cincinnati Times-Star, Cincinnati. National Crushed Stone Association. INDIANA Lima News, Lima. National Environmental Systems Contrac­ Indianapolis News, IndianapoliS (3). OKLAHOMA tors Association. Indianapolis Star, Indianapolis (2). National Labor-Management Foundation. Covington Record, Covington. National Lumber and Bullding Materlal IOWA Hydro Review, Hydro. Dealers Association. Rapid City Journal, Rapid City (2). The Sunday Oklahoman, Oklahoma City. National Ornamental Metal Manufacturers Waterloo Courier, Waterloo. Tulsa World, Tulsa. Association. Des Moines Register, Des Moines. Dally Oklahoman, Oklahoma City. National Ready Mixed Concrete Associa- KANSAS OREGON tion. Wichita Times, Wichita. Oregon Journal, Portland. National Sand and Gravel Association. Topeka Daily Capital, Topeka. Ralnler Review, Raln1er. National Slag Association. The Merriam Sun, Shawnee Mission. PENNSYLVANIA National Small Business Association. National Utillty Contractors Association. overland Park Sun, Shawnee Mission. The Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh. Mission Hills Sun, Shawnee Mission. Painting and Decorator Contractors Asso- Erie News, Erie. ciation. Shawnee Sun, Shawnee Mission. The Evening Bulletin, Phlladelphla. Fairway Sun, Shawnee Mission. Phlladelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia. Sheet Metal and A1r Conditioning Contrac­ Westwood Sun, Shawnee Mission. Youngstown Indicator, Youngstown. tors National Association. United States Industrial Councll. Roeland Park Sun, Shawnee Mission. PUERTO RICO Lenexa Sun, Shawnee Mission. International Association of Wall and Cell­ San Juan Star, San Juan. ing Contractors. KENTUCKY Jackson County Sun, McKee. SOUTH CAROLINA Lexington Leader, Lexington. South Carolina Farmer, Columbia. Courier Journal, Louisville. Orangeburg Times-Democrat, Orangeburg. Scottsvllle News, Scottsville. TENNESSEE FARMERS CAUGHT IN COST-PRICE Kentucky Post & Times-Star, Covington. Bulletin-Times, Bolivar. SQUEEZE Action in Kentucky, LouiSvllle (2). Byrdstown Press, Byrdstown. LOUISIANA Chattanooga News-Free Press, Chatta- Morning Advocate, Baton Rouge. nooga. HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS Cottonport Leader, Cottonport. Gazette-Mall, Morristown. OF KANSAS Monroe Morning World, Monroe. The Knoxville Journal, Knoxville. The Knoxville News-Sentinel, Knoxvllle. IN THE HOUSE OF ~EPRESENTATIVES State Times, Baton Rouge. Memphis Commercial Appeal, Memphis. Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 Shreveport Times, Shreveport. Memphis Gazette Mall, Memphis. Madison Journal, Tallulah. Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, farmers The Quachita Citizen, Quachita. TEXAS are faced with consumer demands for Bellville Times, Bellville. MAINE an abundance of high quality food at low, The Dallas Morning News," Dallas (2). Augusta Kennebec Journal, Augusta. Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Fort Worth. stable prices. A farmer can appreciate Press Herald, Portland. Valley Morning Star, Harlington. these sentiments but realizes that achiev­ MARYLAND Atascosa County News, Jourdanton. bag these demands are beco~g more Baltimore News American, Baltimore. Poteet News, Poteet. difficult in the face of high land, ma­ The Dally Record, Baltimore. [)enaocrat, vveatherford. chinery, and other production costs. 38230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 The following is t]:le ninth in a series ity, are willing to wait awhile, on the is well known. Starting in the early of 10 messages sponsored by Far Mar Co. theory that through the establishment 1950's, Pittsburgh shed its "Smokey City" Inc., Hutchinson, Kans., in U.S. News of an independent Palestinian state on image, cleaned its air, and developed its and World Report to stress the impor­ the west bank and Gaza, they will ulti­ downtown core into a delightful pano­ tance of a vigorous and reliable market mately be in a better position, using such rama of parks, office buildings, theaters, for farm products. The article follows: an entity as a base, to eliminate Israel and public sports facilities. CHEAP FOOD COULD STARVE Us TO DEATH itself. While some suggest that this tremen­ Sure, it would be great to lower food costs. I believe that the true objectives of the dous rejuvenation has stalled in recent But in the long run, we just can't afford to. PLO are amply demonstrated in the years, the reverse actually is the case. Not if the cost cutting has to be at the Palestinian National Covenant which is No better evidence of Pittsburgh's con­ expense of farmers. to the Palestinians what the Declaration tinuing process exists than an excellent First of all, to have any appreciable effect of Independence and the U.S. Constitu­ speech made by Robert Dickey ITI, chair­ on retail prices, farm prices would have to be drastically reduced. tion are to us. For instance, article 15 man and president of the Dravo Corp., And even at current levels, farmers are of the covenant states: as he accepted the Man of the Year caught in a tremendous cost-price squeeze. The liberation of Palestine, from an Arab Award from the Pittsburgh Society of They're paying more and more for land, viewpoint, is a national duty to drive the Industrial Realtors. equipment, and supplies. In the meantime, Zionist, imperialist invasion from the great I include Mr. Dickey's remarks in the the prices they receive for their crops are Arab homeland and to purge the Zionist RECORD at this time for the information erratic and unpredictable. presence from Palestine. of my colleagues: So if we further jeopardize the farmers' chances of making a fair return on their Article 21 goes on in further bleak REMARKS BY ROBERT DICKEY III investments, we jeopardize the future of tones concerning the possibility for a I am grateful, too, to the Western Penn­ American agriculture. compromise solution in the Middle East: sylvania. Society of Industrial Realtors for Realistically, we can't expect farmers to The Palestine Arab people, in expressing selecting me as the 1975 recipient of their continue producing food that doesn't pro­ itself through the armed Palestinian revolu­ annual award. It is an honor to be associated duce adequate capi,tal to buy the equipment tion, rejects every solution that is a substi­ with your fine organization, and to join the and supplies for the next year's crops. And tute for a complete liberation of Palestine, distinguished group of Pittsburgh business­ leave a little to live on. and rejects all plans that aim at the settle­ men you have cited in the past. You place me Since their costs continue to increase, ment of the Palestine issue or its interna­ in very select company. farmers certainly can't get by on lower prices. tionalization. In accepting your award, I believe it is Cheap food would be nice while it lasted. natural, and not at all immodest, to explore But the fact is, it couldn't last for long. And As recently as June of 1974, the Na­ the reasons for the honor you bestow. Think­ we couldn't live with the consequences. tional Palestinian Council, which is the ing about it, I've concluded that, although supreme body of the PLO, declared that: Dravo Corporation continues to grow and The PLO resists any plan for a Palestinian prosper, my selection was probably also in­ entity at the price of recognition, peace fluenced by my participation in community SOLARZ CRmCIZES TACIT U.S. AC­ (sulh), secure boundaries, surrender of na­ affairs. If that is the case, I am being cited tional rights and forfeiture of our nation's for tasks I gladly assume and share with CEPTANCE OF THE PALESTINE many, many others. I have enjoyed the op­ LffiERATION ORGANIZATION prerorgative of return and self-determination in its homeland.... Any step of liberation is portunity to contribute in some degree and a link in realizing the strategy of the PLO to be a part of a widespread commitment for the establishment of a Palestinian to improve the metropolitan environment HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ in which we live and work. That commit­ OF NEW YORK democratic State, as resolved by the previous Councils. ment, coupled with an intelligent applica­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of resources, is producing a record of It should be evident to all fairminded progress that is a worthy descendant of the Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 people that Israel can hardly be expected Renaissance that heralded Pittsburgh's re­ Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, while I to enter into negotiations with an orga­ birth over two decades ago. This renewal of welcome the U.N. Security Council agree­ nization which is committed to its elimi­ our Renaissance is the subject of my re­ ment of November 30 to renew the man­ nation as a state. Unfortunately, the marks this evening. If one listens exclusively to some voices, date of the U.N. peacekeeping force on adoption of the UN Security Council res­ Pittsburgh would seem to have improved the Golan Heights, I am deeply disap­ olution, and the tacit acceptance by the little since its "Smokey City" days. You're pointed by what appears to be the tacit United States of the invitation to the all aware that a recently released survey of acquiescence of the United States in the PLO to participate in the forthcoming the quality of life in metropolitan communi­ proposed participation of the Palestine talks, encourages the forces of intransi­ ties rates our town no better than 49th in its Liberation Organization in the talks gence rather than moderation within the class. That ranks behind such cities as De­ scheduled early next year before theSe­ Palestinian movement. Even more im­ troit, Cleveland and Buffalo, and just one portant, the UN action in regard to the position ahead of our eastern neighbor, Al­ curity Council of the United Nations on lentown. In the same vein, some Pitts­ the Middle East situation. PLO brings us no .closer to a genuine burghers complain that the city has stood It is clear that an ultimate resolution Middle East peace settlement. Not until pat since the Renaissance of the Fifties. of the conflict between Israel and its the Palestinians realize that their accept­ Both assessments are refuted, in my Arab neighbors will require a settlement ance of the legitimacy and existence of opinion, by an examination of the improve­ of the difficult Palestine question. It is the State of Israel is an absolute pre­ ments and additions to our core area in the equally clear, however, that the inclusion condition for a settlement of the conflict, past five or six years. Actually, a case could in these discussions of an organization Mr. Speaker, will real progress be made be made that the period has been as produc­ tive a.s any in our history. And, excepting the that is clearly committed to the elimina­ toward the achievement of a just and smoke abatement program, these recent de­ tion of Israel as a sovereign state creates lasting peace in the Middle East. velopments have influenced our lives as much ln and of itself a serious obstacle to the as the well-known improvements of the Ren­ achievement of peace. The fact is that aissance years. the Palestine Liberation Organization is To 1llustrate, I ask you to consider 1970 as unequivocally opposed to the existence of PITTSBURGH STILL THRIVING the inaugural year of our current program a Jewish state and even rejects the con­ of renewal. During that year, you'll recall, the cept of an independent Palestinian state HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD Pirates and Steelers moved into Three Rivers on the west bank of the Jordan River as Stadium, and the Bell Telephone and West- OF PENNSYLVANIA inghouse buildings were completed. In 1971, a solution to the Palestinian problem. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES three major downtown structures opened for There has been a lot of loose talk in business-Heinz Hall, the U.S. Steel BuUd­ recent months about the difference be­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 ing and the new Pittsburgh National Bank tween the so-called radicals and mod­ Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. headquarters. And Allegheny Two was con­ erates within the PLO. But the only dis­ Mr. Speaker, my city of Pittsburgh has structed on the near North Side. The list of tinction between them that I can deter­ projects completed in 1972 includes Roberto stood as a shining example of what local Clemente Park and the Old Post Office mine is that the radicals, who consti­ industrial leaders could do together to Museum. Last year, the Sarah Scaife Gallery tute the great majority, would like to get alleviate community problems and build opened and final touches were added to Point rid of Israel all at once, while the mod­ for the common good. State Park. Almost immediately, the park's erates, who represent a distinct minor- The story of Pittsburgh's Renaissance striking fountain became a symbol of our December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38231

city. To date in 1975, we've seen the com­ had a sure feel for the community's needs which is to open in 1979 will be the most pletion of the Oliver Plaza complex as the and wants. And the products of their fore­ significant addition to our downtown in the Equlbank Building went into service, and sight have helped make Pittsburgh unique latter half of this decade. The Center will the opening of the Pittsburgh Public among cities of comparable age and makeup. permit Pittsburgh to compete for all but a Theatre in Allegheny Center. Before the year Other communities have made similar in­ very few of the hundreds of major conven­ is over, the current expansion of Civic Arena vestments in their downtowns, resulting in tions that occur annually. The resulting con­ seating capacity will make it one of the ten similar alterations of their skylines. In vention activity will mean more visitors to largest fac111ties of its kind in the country. many of those communities, however, the our city; visitors who will generate increased A roll call of developments can measure a investments have proven only partially sue-_ business for our hotels, restaurants, theatres community's commitment to progress. But, cessful. Their core areas are alive with activ· and shops. Construction of the Center will standing alone, it offers no indication of the ity during business hours, yet become urban provide the impetus for additional building effectiveness of those developments. In some wastelands or even battlegrounds once the near the Penn Avenue site, extending large­ communities, the products of ambitious re­ commuting population has gone homeward. scale renewal to that segment of the central newal projects exist only as reminders of Here there is evidence of vitality of a more core for the first time. failed dreams. Underused and unappreciated, permanent nature. During 1974, for example, Although the History and Landmarks they breed caution among planners, blight­ Pittsburgh was one of just two cities to buck Foundation's major emphasis is currently ing the future as they recall the past. Here a long-standing, nationwide trend in retail focused on Pittsburgh's neighborhoods, the we have been more fortunate. Let's look at shopping. By attracting consumers during organization has been involved in three the record. evening hours and on weekends, our down­ downtown projects that bear much promise. Since moving into Three Rivers, the town establishments reported sales which The Pittsburgh National Bank Building at Steelers and Pirates have been remarkably actually topped those of a year earlier. And Fourth and Wood will be converted to an successful. And they've earned national at­ performance-to-date in 1975 indicates an­ indoor mall, housing a collection of small tention for Pittsburgh as a center of excel­ other good year. shops, apartments and offices. The Founda­ lence in professional sports. Stadium attend­ The economic health of our after-dark tion also has completed adaptive use studies ance figures reflect fan enthusiasm for this enterprises also runs counter to the nation­ anticipating the ultimate conversion of our winning tradition, holding the city's subsidy al experience. Changing ownerships and two large downtown train stations for com­ below anticipated levels, while providing a closings are relatively common in the rest­ mercial purposes. Both locations hold enor­ much-needed traffic builder for downtown aurant and entertainment business and mous potential for imaginative development; commerical establishments. Pittsburgh's recent past has contributed its I'm Sll;re you share my satisfaction that they Remaining in the sports and entertain­ share to those statistics. Currently, however, are targeted for preservation not as hollow ment area, the Civic Arena greeted its 18 mil­ the stability of our nightlife seems assured. moments, but as useful, functioning city lionth visitor this past weekend. Equally im­ The safety of our downtown streets has creat­ landmarks. portant, the Arena's operation is in the black ed an environment for success, and the There is also activity under way for fur­ and has been for eleven straight years. Hope­ quality and diversity of our nightlife has ther development of the near North Side. fully, the tennis team will receive support won acceptance among residents and visitors The recent opening of the Pittsburgh Pub­ worthy of lts record and that, with the new alike. lic Theatre marked the completion of the seats, the hockey franchise will also be in Nor has the urban region neglected its so­ renovation of the Carnegie Library building. the black. I believe you'll agree that the cial responsibilities. The housing and minor­ The Mayor's proposal to return the Farmers' facility has long since outlived the White ity entrepreneurial programs established Market to the Allegheny Center area is un­ Elephant label it carried during its early and supported by our business community der consideration; as is conversion of addi­ days. As for Heinz Hall, there's little that set the pattern and standard for subsequent tional Allegheny shore acreage into a public needs to be said. Aesthetically and commer­ efforts across the nation. The National Al­ park. The industrial community's contribu­ cially, it has fulfilled every expectation. liance of Businessmen's continuing cam­ tion to this phase of North Side expansion 1s Heinz Hall has established a standard for paign to provide jobs for the disadvantaged a 12-story building for IBM. Seeded by the preservation that others will strive to match. has one of the highest retention rates in the construction of Allegheny Center 10 years It is the jewel of our downtown. Similarly, country. And in 1974, our United Way col­ ago, the development of an ever-broadening the Scaife Gallery has brightened our Uni­ lected 97Y:!% of the total monies pledged; area. has been impressive. versity Center in Oakland. the best record of all major cities. Addition­ As restoration and new construction con­ The corporate office construction I men­ ally, there is brick-and-mortar evidence of tinue, the North Side will interface com­ tioned a moment ago produced well over four our concern, including major additions to pletely with our downtown core. That was million square feet of new office space. Shadyside and Mercy hospitals, and con­ precisely the intent of the Renaissance plan­ Growth of our business population, the com­ struction of a new facillty for the Harmar­ ners all those years ago. mitment of local companies to remain in our vme Rehabilitation Center. There is also activity beyond the Triangle downtown core and, perhaps, just a measure Credit for our progress during the past area, even into the rivers that form its bor­ of Parkinson's Law, have combined to fill this several years must be broadly assigned. Cer­ ders. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation new space nearly to capacity. In fact, the rate tainly, the foundation of the renewal lies in have announced a 200-million modernization of occupancy for all downtown office space the Renaissance itself. But to locate full program for its South Side operations. De­ remains in the 90 to 95% range. This con­ responsibility in that earlier era denies the velopers are examining our river islands for centration of new construction has increased involvement of others who have displayed commercial and recreational u se. The Herrs the city's tax base and improved its skyline. the Renaissance spirit. There has been an Island project, proposed last week by the city And, in the spirit of the Renaissance, it evolution of leadership, politically and within is one of several imaginative plans involving opened the way for an imaginative approach organizations committed to community de­ these underused sites. to a pressing social problem, while preserv­ velopment. Their contribution deserves rec­ My remarks this evening have cited the ing some of the city's most distinctive ognition as we appraise our city's progress. accomplishments of a very productive period architecture. In that vein, mention of several prominent in our history. The mention of failure has Fully 90,000 of Pittsburgh's 500,000 organizations is appropriate, although the been deliberately avoided. My intent is to residents are aged 65 or over. In their list is certainly not complete: The History praise the authors of our success. But I am search for adequate housing for this senior and Landmarks Foundation; Penn's South­ no Pollyanna. I know well the perils that segment of our population, city planners west; TRIAD; the Greater Pittsburgh Cham­ threaten our progress. And I share with our turned to a surprising source of space, the ber of Commerce; the Building Owners and most critical citizens an awareness of un­ downtown core. By all measures, the fed­ Managers Association; tbe Regional Indus­ realized objectives and missed opportunities. erally supported conversion of the May and trial Development Corporation; Allegheny We've experienced failure even as we•ve re­ Keenan buildings to residential use has been Conference, the Golden Triangle Association, corded the successes I've described. And we've successful. It has removed substandard of­ and certainly our sponsors tonight, the So­ failed most completely when self-interest or fice space from the commercial market, ac­ ciety of Industrial Realtors. Working with political differences have taken precedent celerating the occupancy of new buildings. elected officials, county and city agencies, over community service. Those of us who The permanent population of our center city local foundations and corporate manage­ have an opportunity to influence our city's is increased. And, most importantly, the ment, they have been partners in our city's development must clearly define the rela­ buildings' apartment units are very popu­ collective achievement. tionship between the public and private sec­ lar with their elderly occupants. Both sites Community response to even the most tors. That relationship should permit full have a lengthy waiting list of applicants. successful improvement programs, however, employment of our total resources while ap­ And the new Roosevelt Arms, formerly the is often, "Fine, but what have you done for propriately assigning project authority and Roosevelt Hotel, though not completed, is us lately?" Perhaps that's a natural reaction. control. Cooperation is an essential element already oversubscribed. I am sure we will Excellent performance generally increases in achieving our civic objectives. Without it, hear more of this very productive program expectations. Despite this, I believe the proJ­ our task will be unnecessarily dl1Hcult 1f not as development of our downtown continues. ects underway or in the planning stage will impossible. As I suggested earlier, the high level of sustain that rate of progress to which Pitts­ I would caution, too, that there is no ac­ acceptance and use of these and other down­ burghers have grown accustomed. I'd llke cepted formula for success in this difficult town projects is testimony to the effective­ to take a moment to summarize some of work. We cannot be chained to the methods ness of the planning function that preceded them. of the past, however effective they may have actual construction. The planners involved The new Exposition-Convention Center ·been in their time. Our efforts must recog- CXXI--2408-Part 29 38232 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 nize and adapt to the present; and to chang­ CLOSING PBA YER EXTEND CONDOLENCES ing conditions. Lord of my Dreams, how I cry, no matter "The mayor and the commissioners and all I need not remind this audience of the how I hope and try, to see the sun and the the people of Hawthorne extend our heartfelt importance of maintaining a vigorous, viable sea, shining and flowing so close to me. condolences to her bereaved family." downtown core. I do feel obligated, however, Milk and honey shall flow in my land, now The former Isabel Rosener, Mrs. Hopper to direct your attenion to the distressing there is blood in the sand. I'd give my life to was a llfe-long resident of Hawthorne and number of American cities in serious trouble. be able to see, my Israel safe and free. had played an active part in the life of the In many communities, mere survival is re­ Safe and free, land I love, may there be no community. Her most recent assignment was garded as an achievement. That is not ac­ more wars, no more wars. co-chairman of the borough's 75th anniver­ ceptable here. And, faced with the same con­ Oh please God, may it be so, may it be so. sary celebration. ditions that have brought other cities down, Amen. Mrs. Hooper was a member of the First we have been successful in reversing the na­ Baptist Church of Paterson for 39 years, 33 tional experience. But we dare not grow com­ of which were spent as a teacher in its Sun­ placent. We must continue to work, cooper­ day School and as superintendent of its atively and with our full resources, to com­ IN MEMORIAM TO THE HONOR­ Nursery and Cradle Roll Departments. She bine the glory of Pittsburgh's past with the ABLE ISABEL C. HOPPER OF also served on its Board of Christian Edu­ full promise of its future. HAWTHORNE, N.J. cation. Thank you very much. Intensely interested in politics, Mrs. Hop­ per served for 29 years as a Republican Coun­ ty Committeewoman in the 4th District; was HON. ROBERT A. ROE a member of the Hawthorne Unit, Passaic ISRAEL BOND DINNER HELD IN BAY OF NEW JERSEY County Republican League; chairman of the CITY, MICH. Child Welfare Board of Hawthorne, a char­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ter member of the Order of Rainbow Girls, Tuesday, December 2, 1975 Paterson No. 7 and a member of Jeptha Chapter 134, Order of the Eastern Star. HON. BOB TRAXLER Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, last week res­ OF MICHIGAN idents of my congressional district, State LED CANCER DRIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Active 1n fund-raising campaigns for of New Jersey mourned the passing of the American Cancer Society, she was its Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 a great lady and good friend, the Hon­ Hawthorne chairman for over 25 years and orable Isabel Hopper of Hawthorne, N.J., Mr. TRAXLER. Mr. Speaker, this past served on the board of managers of the Pas­ and I know that you and our colleagues saic County Chapter, American Cancer So­ weekend I had the distinct honor and here in the Congress will want to join ciety. Mrs. Hopper had served also on the privilege of attending an Israel bond with me in extending our most sincere fund drives of the Passaic County Heart As­ dinner at the Holiday Inn in Bay City. condolences to her husband, Norman; sociation, the March of Dimes and the This banquet was attended by people daughter and son-in-law, Norbel and American Red Cross. interested in the welfare of Israel from She was associated with the Raymond Peter W. VanDerVelde, Jr.; sister, Mrs. Rhodes Agency in its Real Estate Sales Di­ northeastern Michigan. We all had the Raymond L. (Bert) Rhodes; and grand­ pleasure of hearing Mr. Abraham Tan­ vision. children. Services will be Friday at 10:30 a.m. in the nenbaum, LL.B., speak as the keynote Throughout her lifetime, Mrs. Hopper Browning-Forshay Funeral Home, 557 La­ speaker. Mr. Tannenbaum is a noted law­ has excelled in everything she has set fayette Ave. ya-, businessman, and American Zionist out to do. The quality of her leadership, The Rev. Donald Boone, pastor of the First leader whose long and profound commit­ standards of excellence and sincerity of Baptist Church, Paterson, and the Rev. Omar ment to Jewish affairs and the cause of purpose have been extended unselfishly, C. Barth, pastor of the Broadway Baptist Israel has placed him among the most Church, Paterson, will officiate. Interment with dedication and devotion in meeting will be in Laurel Grove Memorial Park, knowledgeable spokesmen on the prob­ the needs of our people. lems affecting Israel and World Jewry. Totowa. With your permission, Mr. Speaker, I In addition to her husband, she is survived Rabbi Gerald Kaplan of Temple Beth would like to place at this point in our by a daughter, Norbel, wife of Hawthorne El, Midland, Mich., gave the opening and historic journal of Congress an excerpt Patrolman Peter W. Van Der Velde Jr.; a closing prayers. I would like to take this from the Paterson News, one of New sister, Mrs. Raymond L. (Bert) Rhodes, both opportunity to share his beautiful and Jersey's most prestigious newspapers, of Hawthorne, and two grandchildren. touching words with you and my col­ providing a capsule report on her life­ Mr. Speaker, it is indeed my privilege leagues in Congress: time of exemplary public service and and honor to call Isabel Hopper's good 0PENXNG PRAYER OF RABBI GERALD KAPLAN AT IsRAEL BoND DINNER-BAY CITY personal sacrifice dedicated to her fam­ works to your attention and seek this ily, friends and community which have nationa! recognition of her untiring ef­ Almighty God: we thank Thee for the gift of llfe and the dally miracles of our bodies truly enriched the quality of life in the forts which have left a legacy to the peo­ and minds. We know that the power we feel Borough of Hawthorne, our State and ple of our community. We mourn the in ourselves is part of the vitality which Thou Nation. The news story is as follows: passing of a great American and trust hast implanted in the universe. MRs. IsABEL HoPPER, ACTIVE IN Civic AFFAms that her family will soon find abiding Help us to sense our kinship with all the HAWTHORNE.-Isabel C. Hopper, prom­ comfort in the faith that God has given world and all men who share this divine gift inent in civic, church and political circles, them and in the knowledge that Isabel with us. of 65 Diamond Bridge Ave., died Tuesday in is now under His eternal care. May she We thank Thee 0 God for the love of dear Paterson General Hospital, Wayne, after a rest in peace. ones and for the capacity to link ourselves in brief Ulness. affection with those whom we cherish. Mrs. Hopper was the wife of Borough Through love we overcome the distances be­ Clerk Norman W. Hopper, former borough tween men and between lives as we receive Republican leader and deputy county clerk streams of blessings and strength from one of Passaic County. AFRICAN STUDENTS SEE RED OVER another. In a tribute from the mayor and borough RACIAL BIAS IN RUSSIA Help us 0 Lord to realize that our love is commissioners, Hawthorne Mayor Louis Bay the human counterpart of the divine love II said: Thou hast for all Thy children. HON. LARRY McDONALD Inspire us to resist all that stifles love as "Hawthorne has sustained a tremendous loss in the passing of Isabel Hopper. OF GEORGIA we dedicate ourselves to spread understand­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing, concern and compassion in whatever we KNOWN FOR CHARITIES do. "This was a woman whose charity went Tuesday, December 2, 1975 We thank Thee for the food we eat. Help far beyond the knowledge of the people 1n Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. u.; to translate its nourishment into the our town. All you had to do was show Isabel power and the wUl to live by Thy Torah. Speaker, the U.S.S.R. always is quite it was for the good of the town and she was concemed over the state of civil rights We express our gratitude through the there, a million per cent. words of the traditional blessing. in countries other than Russia. It always Boruch ahtoh ahdohnoy ehlohhaynoo meh­ "She was absolutely Hawthorne, through and through. purports to be the champion of the black lech hah oh lohm hahmotzo lechem meen person, particularly if the person is a hohohrehtz. "She loved the town and everyone in it. Praised Be Thou 0 Lord our God King of She gave unselfishly in every civic effort. Communist such as Angela Davis. How­ the Universe who proVides us daily with food. "Irt wlll be a long time before we know ever, those black Africans who have the Amen. another Isabel Hopper. misfortune to study in the Soviet Union December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38233 find quite a different society, full of class of '75 promised to remain loyal to prin­ to go into service on the heavily-traveled prejudice. The New York Post recently ciples learned at the school. While h ere, it san Diego-Orange-Los Angeles Count y cor­ stated, "We became convinced that in the ridor in late January. summarized a series of typical incidents Soviet Union, the developing countries have Amtrak-the National Rallroad Passenger in this regard which it reported in its a reliable and true friend ..." Corporation-will operate the trains over Tuesday, November 25 issue. I commend Many in that class may have doubts about Santa Fe Railroad owned tracks, but most the story to the attention of my those words but the Soviet Union seems to of the costs will be p a.id by the three coun­ colleagues: feel that if a fraction really believed them, ties. They wlll share the cost of one train but [From the New York Post, Nov. 25, 1975] the expense was justlfted. Los Angeles county will operate the other "I think," said one Russian privately, "that as its own piece of equipment. AFRICAN STUDENTS SEE RED OvER RACIAL BIAS if only one in 10 remains grateful, and wlll Early this year the county decided to buy IN RUSSIA remember his gratitude back home at some its own train after efforts had falled to gAt (By Robert C. Toth) time in the future, it was worth it." the railroads and Amtrak to establish com~ Moscow.-Black African students again are muter rail service. Cars were not easy to complaining about alleged racial discrim1na­ find but the county, prodded by Supervisor tion here, With a public militancy not seen Baxter Ward, a railroad buff, scoured the in the decade since several hundred marched county and found eight old cars stored for through Red Square with signs charging that INNOVATIVE ACTION TO GET PEO­ the winter at a scenic railroad yard and mu­ "Moscow is another Alabama." PLE MOVING seum in Cottage Grove, Oregon. Given the rapid rise in Third World stu­ The cars were post-World Warn vintage­ dents here-from 134 in 1957 to about 20,000 five illinois Central coaches, two Mllwaukee this year-and the great cultural dUJerences Road lounge cars and a Western Pacific dome between theirs and Soviet society, it would HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON car. The county paid $22,000 -each for the be unusual if some incidents did not occur. OF CALIFORNIA coaches, $50,000 for the two lounge cars and $38,000 for the dome car-once a fixure on But few clashes involving Asian and Latin IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American students have come to light. whlle Western Pacific's route through the Sierra the kind of Soviet remarks about black stu­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 Nevadas east from san Francisco. Los Angeles COunty paid the Oregon Paclftc dents-that they are rude, lazy, opportunis­ Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. tic-suggests a special hostllity to them. & Eastern Railway Company (OP&E) . a total Speaker, southern California is famous of $198,000 for the cars. It seemed like a lot GROUNDS FOR COMPLAINT for many things--one of which is its of money at the time but it could turn out Westerners here have seen incidents that large number of cars and roads. Sixty­ to be a profitable investment, should the give both Africans and the Soviet side five percent of the land in the city of Los raU experiment fall, considering the ready grounds for complaint. But the bitterness Angeles has been turned over to the au­ market for railroad cars. expressed by the blacks raises questions of tomobile. Obviously, mass transportation Ward inspected each car at OP&E's Cottage how much friendship the Soviet Union buys Grove headquarters before the ~ouuty took in providing free education to them 1n ordi­ is urgently needed to bring a turn­ them over, making such critical notes as: nary Soviet colleges and at the special around in the ever increasing use of cars "All Tilinois ·Central and Mllwaukee cars Lumumba Friendship University here. for basic transportation. Planning have wheel-type hand brakes in vestibule Two public protests by Africans occurred studies, proposals, counterproposals, have area. Is there a replacement model?" recently. all been in the works for years, with "All cars need new floors and side paneling In Lvov early this month. the African Stu­ little prospects of actually easing the materi-al." dent Union alleged that blacks there "have situation for years to come. "There were problems with the dome car, been beaten up on the streets, 1n the hostels a sleeper-lounge. Ward found handrails bent [dormitories], and in our own rooms. and However, an innovative experiment is and, as he noted, "many nicks on corrugated told we have no right to complain," accord­ set to go into service at the end of Janu­ side." ing to a statement to their embassies. ary. Because of a belief that it was pos­ The county had trouble in finding a re­ Among eight violent incidents cited, it sible, commuters will be able to travel be­ furbisher. It finally farmed the work out to charged that three Nigerians were recently tween San Diego and Los Angels on two Hoover Industries, Inc., a Miami, Florida expelled for repelling a chisel-wielding So­ new trains on a regular basis. The fol- based firm speciallzing in interiors for the viet drunk who attacked one of them whlle . lowing article from the Mass Transit airlines and remodeling for Amtrak. More he slept in his room. magazine for November tells how this than 300 pages of specifications, tallored to In Kiev late last month about 500 Africans the county's requirements and Amtrak's. went on strike at the university and marched system came into being. went along when the cars were moved to on the Czechoslovak consulate there because I am anxious to see how well these new Miami. The contract was worth $1.6 mil­ a Czech girl, just married to an African, had trains serve the needs of southern Cali­ lion or about $200,000 a car, which the county her scholarship rescinded by the Prague gov­ fornia commuters. Hopefully they will be regarded as a good price since present costs ernment and her residence permit lifted by the prods that gets things moving in the for new cars are more than $450,000 and Am­ the Soviet Union. The protest got her fully direction of widespread mass transit for trak has a long backlog on new car orders. reinstated. commuters everywhere. Work specifications were written so that Blacks from newly independent nations the cars would be virtually new when refur­ tend to be very proud and very sensitive to RIDING THE RAILs AGAIN IN LA bished. The idea was to turn out a plush train slights. (By Ray Hebert) that would be sure to attract fussy com­ But with up to twice the allowances given With 680 mlles of freeways at their door­ muters accustomed to the comfort of their Russians ($120 a month compared 1;o $60 to step, most Los Angeles commuters have for­ automoblles. A Los Angeles county official $80 for Soviet students), and with access to gotten the vast rail network that once criss­ told Mass Transit that the planned service is hard-currency shops where foreign goods crossed the metropolitan area from coastal the type that would not attract standees: are sold, they usually dress more smartly, Santa Monica inland more than 50 mlles. "This service ... is designed literally to woo have more money to spend and are sometimes That rail system-the Paclftc Electric (PE), people out of their cars," he said. "sharp operators," as one Western diplomat the "world's largest interurban"-was at its Los Angeles COunty's train Will h ave a seat­ said. prime from the early 1900s through the end ing capacity of 460. The dome car will ac­ Africans shrug off such criticism. "There of World War IT. The last of the Big Red commodate 49 passengers. Each of the Illinois will always be some students who don't work Cars, replaced by buses, went out of service Central cars will seat 65 commuters and the hard," said a Lumumba student. 15 years ago. Milwaukee cars 43 passengers each. At Lumumba, reputedly the only univer­ At its peak, the PE operated commuter Los Angeles County originally planned to sity 1n the developed world that trains trains over 1,200 miles of track, carrying 110 start the service last July, but the refurbish­ Third World specialists, the Soviet Union million passengers in 1945 when the freeway ing problems forced a delay until November offers a totally free education. All costs, in­ system was only in the planning stage. Six and then December. Now the late Jan uary cluding a round-trip plane ticket and a set years later the number of passengers had date,-which allows time for testing the cars of warm clothes, are covered. dwindled to 35 mllllon. and coordinating the schedule with the tri­ "We have no racial problems here," said SERVICE REVIVED county train, seems fairly certain. its rector Vladimir Stanis, "because this uni­ Under Ward's plan, Los An geles County versity conforms to its name-the Friendship Now, after a long lapse, commuter ran will retain ownership of its train. It will be University." service is about to be revived for Los Angeles manned and operated by Amtrak but it will ALREADY SYMPATHETIC commuters on a multi-mlllion dollar ex­ be run by the Southern California Rapid Most students come to Lumumba already perimental basis that could reestablish trains Transit District (SCRTD) in the same man­ sympathetic to soc1alism, Stanis said. "The as an important part of Southern California's ner that its buses serve the Los Angeles re­ majority come through Soviet friendship so­ transportation system. gion. cieties in their countries," he said. "They The plan is a unique departure for Los Equipmen t for the second train will be pr o­ must be from poor families, no bourgeois." Angeles' freeway-oriented commuters. It vided by Amtrak with the three counties In its graduation statement, Lumumba's calls initially for two new commuter trains picking up two-thirds of the operating costs 38234 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 and Amtrak one-third. Legislation by state remarks, and I commend it to the atten­ Second, we are rightly proud of the armed senate president James Mills of San Diego tion of my colleagues: forces, older than our nation itself, and I allows the counties to contribute a total of will seek to strengthen that sense of pride REMARKS BY THE HONORABLE DONALD H. among us all. We were born as a. nation out $265,000 in tax revenues for the operating RUMSFELD, SECRETARY OF DEFENSE costs. of military struggle. We owe our national life Similarly, Los Angeles County will put up Mr. President, Mr. Vice President, Mr. to men and women who had the will to two-thirds of the costs to operate its own Justice Stewart, Members of the Cabinet, fight for independence. The competence and train and Amtrak pays the remainder. Members of the Congress, Mr. Deputy Sec­ dedication of their successors in today's When the two new trains go into service retary, General Brown and the Joint Chiefs armed forces will be drawn upon fully. they will increase the number of trains op­ of Staff, Members of the Armed Forces and Third, that special kind of American pro­ erating on the 2¥2-hour run between San the Department of Defense, Honored Guests: fessionalism that is devoted to the constitu­ Diego and Los Angeles to five. Amtrak now Profoundly respectful of the leadership tional principle of civilian control, so funda­ has three trains on that 100-mile-plus route, provided by the twelve good men who have mental to political freedom in this coun­ but they are scheduled to provide connecting served as Secretary of Defense, I pledge to you try-is a model for the world. One who has service to Amtrak trains eastbound and Mr. President and the American people my served in the Congress knows how indispen­ northbound from Los Angeles. None is on a full efforts to meet the high standards de­ sable it is that the defense of our country commuter run. manded by the responsibilities of this Office. be a bi-partisan and shared responsiblllty. The plan now is to run the Los Angeles These are times O'f stress for nations de­ Finally, let there be no doubt among us, County and tri-county trains during com­ voted to the principles of self-government: or in the world at large, that the continuity muter hours so they will arrive at Union constitutional procedures, the secret ballot, of American policy can be relied upon by Station in downtown Los Angeles before 8:15 the right to a fair trial, and the rights of friend and foe alike. Our defense policies are a.m. or 8: 30 a.m. Departures would be be­ free speech, a free press, and the free prac­ geared to the interests of this nation. tween 4:30p.m. and 5:15p.m. tice of religion. Mr. President, members of the Depart­ Station stops have not yet been set but These are times when the principles that ment of Defense, I look forward to working most will be within Orange County-at such characterize political decency are threatened with you. America must pursue its goal, as places as Fullerton, Anaheim, Santa Ana and and when democr.atic leadership everywhere it has throughout almost 200 years, as a San Juan Capistrano. All, in past years, were is challenged. Once again we are living the guardian of liberty and a symbol by exam­ once busy stops for intracity commuters on lesson that it is not easy for free people to ple and deed in the service of freedom. Santa Fe's San Diego-to-Los Angeles route. govern themselves. But before the final timetable is worked It is essential, in fact critical for the sur­ out with Amtrak and the SCRTD, it seems vival of political liberty, that we teach our­ certain other steps will be scheduled, prob­ selves-for there are no other teachers-how AN ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE ably at La Mirada and Pico Rivera. Both com­ to govern and defend ourselves in our new ON ENERGY PRICES munities are in the populous southeast Los and changing circumst.ances. Angeles County area adjacent to Orange No one knows the answers to all of the County. problems of the survival of free government, HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Ward views both trains as the start of a but there are some guideposts. OF CALIFORNIA commuter system that also would include One essential ingredient of self-govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Southern Pacific and other Santa Fe mainline ment is trust, and it works in two direc­ tracks leading into Los Angeles. He described tions. Each public official in America has his Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 the unique venture by Los Angeles County power from the people, and from no other Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ for San Diego-to-Los Angeles commuter serv­ source. That power is entrusted under speci­ er, the last thing any of us needs is more ice this way. fied terms, as the people determine, to be "This is a pilot program ... a crucial first used only for the good of the people. This meaningless or repetitive words on en­ step in the use of existing rail lines in Los is what is meant when it is said that trust is ergy prices or energy policy. For this Angeles County." the found.ation of self-government-and reason, I will make this statement short. trust must be earned. Energy production has not been free of Certainly officials must use their own controls, either by Government or by judgment, often, but ultimately, the people industry. With our present laws, and must judge, and it is up to them whether STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES OF­ policies and programs stand or fall. corporate structures, it is unlikely that FERED BY SECRETARY OF DE­ On this base of public trust rest our pros­ a free market will ever exist in the en­ ~NSE RUMSFELD pects for success. Our national cohesion and ergy field. Yet the energy crisis is real, purpose are the source of our leadership in at least in the sense that people cannot the world-with friends, allies, uncommitted obtain or afford the energy source which nations, and potential adversaries. The dan­ they desire. Part of the reason for this HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER gers of misperception are obvious and grave. is the limited acceptability of certain OF WISCONSIN Consider, for example, that widely mis­ fuels for certain purposes. A larger rea­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRl!iSENTATIVES understood word, detente. To some detente means that peace is close at hand and that son has been our subsidization of energy Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 we can cease our efforts to be strong and prices, either directly or indirectly. It is Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. vigilant. Others suspect it means giVing ad­ this subject, the need to have energy pay Speaker, on November 20, our former vantages to potential adversaries without its own way and not be subsidized, which colleague, Don Rumsfeld, was sworn in gaining corresponding benefits. To some of has the effect of encouraging more en­ our allles detente is a sign of hope, to oth­ ergy use, which I would like to bring to as Secretary of Defense during an im­ ers a sign of danger. pressive ceremony at the Pentagon. After This borrowed word--detente--means, lit­ the attention of my colleagues. taking oath of office, Secretary Rums­ erally, relaxation of tension. No one seeks to The Natural Resources Defense Coun­ feld delivered a speech eloquently out­ relax tension that does not exist. Detente cil, a respected national environmental, lining the principles that will guide him must be seen for what it is-a word for the nonprofit research and legal organiza­ in this most important office. approach we use in relation with nations who tion, recently presented testimony to the At the cornerstone of his remarks, are not our friends, who do not share our Energy Research, Development and principles, wl;l.om we are not sure we can Demonstration Subcommittee of the Secretary Rumsfeld emphasized the trust, and who have military power and have challenge of maintaining our principles shown an inclination to use it to the detri­ Committee on Science and Technology. of self-government in the face of new ment of freedom. The subject at hand was the loan-guar­ and changing circumstances. Beyond With such nations, with vigilance and due antee program for synthetic fuels, which calling for a strong national defense caution, with our eyes open, we test to see is in the ERDA Authorization bill, but capability, the Secretary noted his re­ if there are ways to reduce confrontations, the testimony was much broader th'an to lessen dangers, to put affairs on a. some­ that. In fact, this testimony has direct spect for the members of our Armed what less precarious footing, to see if there Forces, and stressed his commitment to relevance to the blll to deregulate natural might not be some interests that we share-­ gas, which is now before the Interstate the fundamental primacy of the concept never forgetting that in many basic things of civilian control. and Foreign Commerce Committee. I will we are fundamentally opposed. On this there only insert excerpts of this testimony in Mr. Speaker, Secretary Rumsfeld's re­ should be no doubt. marks are noteworthy not only as a Finally, I would make four points: the interests of space: statement of the views he brings to the First, the safety of the American people PART OF THE TESTIMONY OF EDWARD L. STROH­ position of Secretary of Defense, but also and the hopes for freedom throughout the BERN, JR., STAFF ATTORNEY FOR THE NAT• as a standard to guide all future oc­ world demand a defense ca.pab1lity for the URAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCn. cupants of that important office. I shall United States of America second to none. I II. THE LIMITED UTn.ITY OF SYNTHETIC FUELS include the text of the speech with my am totally dedicated to that mission. The expected output of the proposed syn- December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38235 thetic fuels commercialization program is of gies may make demands on common scarce were supposed to be demonstrating their very limited utility in meeting the nation's western water supplies. competitive qualities and practical ut111ty. energy needs-the amount of energy to be Finally, domestic oil and gas reserves are we find that nuclear reactor producers are produced is miniscule and can be made avail­ limited and are expected to be depleted not seeking substantial additional subsidies sim­ able only at substantial economic, environ­ long after the turn of the century. It Is ex­ ply to remain operational and are experi­ mental, and social costs. A brief analys~ of tremely unlikely that synthetic oil and gas encing serious malfunctions. For example, the relevant data demonstrates this point. could ever be produced in amounts sufficient Offshore Power Systems (OPS), a Westing­ The United States currently consumes to substitute for these supplies. Since the house S 1~bsidiary, which seeks to construct about 17 million barrels of oil per day and United States has decided to become inde­ fioa.ting offshore nuclear power plants is ask­ imports about 6.2 million barrels. What these pendent of insecure oil and gas imports, it is ing the Federal Energy Adminlstration to figures would be in 1985-the year for which highly questionable whether we should pro­ purchase four of these plants at a cost of the commercialization program's synthetic long or increase our dependence on oil and $1.74 bill1on dollars because OPS cannot ob­ fuels production projections are being gas energy sources when we must ultimately tain orders from the private market for made--depends critically on what the price utilize other energy sources to meet the en­ emplacement of plants sooner than the mid per barrel of oil is. For example, the Federal ergy needs which are currently being met by 1980's. Public Service Electric and Gas of Energy Administration in the Project Inde­ oil and gas. It is much more prudent to begin New Jersey had purchased four plants for pendence Report (November 1974) estimated developing and using alternative energy earlier delivery but postponed its order for that, with no new domestic energy policy sources as soon as possible. It might be wise several years due to substantially increased actions, if the price per barrel of oil Is $7, to adopt such a strategy even if it were more construction· costs which the utility could imports would reach 12.3 million barrels per costly than producing synthetic fuels. In not afford and to reduced demand for elec­ day, and 1f the price were $11, imports would fact, there appear to be a number of alterna­ tricity. be only 3.3 million barrels per day. . tives which may achieve the goals of the syn­ And the serious nature of the malfunc­ In June of this year, the average well head thetic fuels commercialization program at far tions which plague nuclear power reactors price for a barrel of U.S. crude oil not under less cost--economic and environmental. is demonstrated by an article in the current price controls was $11.73; the refiner's cost UI. PREFERRED ENERGY RESOURCE ENHANCE­ Issue of Newsweek.5 The article discusses the per barrel of imported oil, including fees MENT ALTERNATIVES fire at the Tennessee Valley Authority's and transportation to the refinery, was Three alternative energy enhancement pro­ Browns Ferry nuclear power plant. The fire $14.14; and, since the price of some domestic grams which are preferrabel to commerciali­ was started by an ordinary candle which was oil is controlled, the composite price per zation of existing synthetic fuels technology being used to check for air leaks. Before barrel of all domestic and foreign oil was are: the fire could be contained, seven hours had $10.23. In February, the prices for these A. Price energy at its long-term incre­ passed, seVf•n out of the plant's twelve safe­ commodities were $11.39, $13.05, and $10.09.2 mental cost by, for example, decontrolling ty systems failed, and the radiation monitor­ Thus, if current oil prices continued until prices and eliminating subsidies; ing system around the plant was put out of 1985, the need for synthetic fuels might be B. Stimulate and develop energy efficient action. Similar deficiencies may exist in other nonexistent, since only about 1.2 million technologies and energy conserving prac­ nuclear power plants and the Nuclear Regu­ barrels of imported oil would be susceptible tices; latory Commission Is now conducting a de­ to disruption and non-synthetic energy C. Encourage development of energy sup­ tailed review of all licensed plants to deter­ sources could be substituted for this amount ply technologies which minimize environ­ mine if corrective actions are needed. at a substantially lower cost than would be mental and social impacts. Launching a government subsidized syn­ required for synthetic fuels. thetic fuels commercialization program may On the other hand, if oil prices are low and A. Price Energy at Its Long-Term well result in creating another energy in­ oil needs are high in 1985, then the estimated Incremental Cost dustry dependent upon long-term govern­ synthetic fuels production would meet only A basic reason for our current energy prob­ ment largesse. a very small percentage of the needs and at lem Is the multitude of massive subsidies, A preferable alternative is to eliminate as substantial cost--both economic and envi­ direct and indirect, which we have accorded best we can all such subsidies and to decon­ ronmental. For example, at $7 per barrel of selected energy sources. These subsidies, it trol prices in order to price energy at its oil, total consumption might be about 24 must be emphasized, are primarily responsi­ long-term incremental cost. I realize that million barrels of oil per day, import require­ ble for our proftigate rate of energy consump­ this is a su bstantial undertaking which would ments might be about 12.3 million barrels, tion, our substantial relian ce on oil and gas, be extremely difficult to achieve due prima­ and imports susceptible to disruption might our commitment to nuclear fission, and our rily to the strength of the economic and po­ be 6.2 million barrels. At best, it is estimated current inability to develop a rational na­ litical interests involved. A number of diffi­ that in 1985 the synthetic fuels commerciali­ tional energy policy. cult technical problems are also involved zation program would produce 1 million bar­ Among the subsidies which substantially such as eliminating windfall profits and in­ rels per day. The Administration's preferred direct our current energy policy are : (a) ternalizing environmental and social costs, program would undertake to produce only controlled prices for oil and gas; (b) tax such as the health effects of sulfur oxides 350,000 barrels per day in 1985 while pre­ credits and other benefits which are avail­ emissions . .But pricing energy at its long­ serving the option to act in about 2 years able for oil and gas production; (c) the nu­ term incremental cost would do much to time to increase the production capabillty clear power reactor program, including past resolve our enery problems. to 1 million barrels. Since oil shale Is cur­ direct federal subsidies, current nuclear fuel Two caveats are important. F irst, even if rently estimated as being economic to pro­ subsidies, and the liquid metal fast breeder prices were decont rolled and subsidies were duce only at a price pf $13 to $17 per bar­ reactor program; (d) utility rate structures eliminated, it Is likely that addit ional gov­ rel,3 a subsidy of about $7 per barrel of syn­ which encourage energy consumption. These ernment action to reduce energy demands, or thetic oil would be required to provide on subsidies have become so much a part of our increase energy supplies, will be needed in which would meet about 3 percent of our way of life that they are often regarded as the short-term. We have lived too long under import needs. And estimated coal liquefac­ rights which may not be changed or dimin­ the current subsidy system. But these addi­ tion costs exceed those for shale oil. ished. In addition, the excessive demands for tional actions would be less subst antial than A similar analysis could be pursued regard­ these resources which result from the sub­ would otherwise be the case. Second, taking ing natural and synthetic gas and essentially sidies strain supplfes or the energy produc­ action to price energy at its long-term in­ similar results occur.' tion technologies in question and often result cremental cost does not mean that govern­ Apart from these primarily economic con­ in urgent requests for additional subsidies ment research, development, and, in some siderations, synthetic fuels production does and favored treatment. cases, demonstration programs are not neces­ not warrant subsidized commercialization For example, our excessive reliance on oil sary. Government energy research and de­ because the potential total production of an d gas is attributable in substantial part velopment programs such as those of the synthetic fuels, particularly shale oil, may to the controlled prices which apply to these National Science Foundation and ERDA will be very small. In the course of developing supplies and to subsidies such as the tax remain essential and import ant t o meeting the Interior Department's Prototype Oil Shale benefits accorded intangible drilling ex­ our future energy needs. penses. Higher oil prices which have pre­ Leasing Program, various estimates were B. Development of Energy Efficient Technol­ made regarding maximum production possi­ vailed since the Arab oil embargo have re­ sult ed in substant ial increases in more effi­ ogies and Practices b11ities. What is of importance Is that the To the extent that the government at­ key constraint was not availability of high cient use of oil and energy by the federal government and by industry. The federal tempts to affect direotly our use of energy. quality oil shale, of which there is a large it should favor actions which wm stimulate amount, but of water-which is very scarce. government has reduced its energy u se 20 percent over the past two years. And if t he and develop energy efficient technologies and Some estimates concluded that scarce water practices and energy conservation. Moreover. resources might 11mit the capacity of a ma­ prices are decont rolled, much of the energy ture on shale industry to 1 million barrels problem wlli be resolved by n ormal market direct federal subsidies sh ould be eschewed or minimized and indirect st imulants, such of oil per day. Large amounts of water are forces producing changes in supply, demand, also essential for coal gasification. And both and energy production invest ments. as mandatory efficiency labelling and manda­ of these synthetic fuels production technolo- Anot her example of the adverse effect of tory building standards programs, should be subsidized energy is our increasing reliance favored. Among the reasons for favoring ac­ on nuclear power. Now, just when the first tions which increase energy efficiency and Footnotes at end of article. generation nuclear power fission reactors conservation rather than those which would 38236 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 commercialize synthetic fuels production by reducing the rate of growth in energy vironmental and social impacts-many of are: demand, reduces directly the needs which which are not included in the costs noted 1. Public and private investments in in­ determine the magnitude of the risks. above-are substantial. Further discussion of creasing energy efficiency are likely to realize Accordingly, if the proposed synthetic this issue is a.t page 12 infra. more Btu's and jobs per dollar as compared fuels commercialization prog:ram receives 6 Oct. 20, 1975, at pp. 113-14. with investments in commercial synthetic favorable consideration, then a substantial 7 Since the proposed commercialization fuels production facilities. energy conservation effort should be added to program is based on loan guarantees and 2. Increasing energy efficiency reduces the the program. theoretically requires full payment of admin­ rate of growth in energy demand; this pro­ D. Among Energy Resource Supply Alterna­ istrative costs, it is difficult to estimate what vides increased time to wean the nation from tives Encourage Those Which Minimize the expected cost of implementing the pro­ its dependence on oil and gas and, in effect, Environmental and Social Impacts gram will be. It seems unlikely, however, that provides for longer use of existing resources. In those cases where federal aid is provided the federal government could implement a. In addition, the benefits from decreased en­ loan guarantee program for such high risk ergy demand grow at a rate that is equivalent to encourage directly the development of en­ ergy resource supplies, energy sources which investments as synthetic fuels commercial to the rate of growth in energy demand. cause relatively less environmental and social plants for less than $80 milUon. 3. Increasing energy efficiency reduces the impacts should be favored over those which 8 It should be noted that this is the cost social and environmental impacts of energy cause more. Thus, for example, among the per barrel at the home. Thus, it should be use. synthetic fuel possibilities, the Stanford Re­ compared with the cost per barrel of syn­ There are a number of energy efficient search Institute concluded in a study per­ thetic oil supplied to the home in its con­ technologies and practices which effectively formed for the Environmental Protection verted state, probably as electricity. This increase our energy resour~s at costs far less Agency 1o that shale oil was the most dam­ equivalent cost may be $20 to $25, or three to than those associated with production of aging of seven energy supply alternatives for four times higher. shale oil or coal gas, which would cost ap­ increasing domestic crude oil, including coal e The energy savings figure is based on a proximately $13 to $17 per barrel. For ex­ liquefaction. The purpose of the SRI study savings of 25,000 barrels of oil per day for ample, an extremely low cost government was to assess energy/environment trade-offs every 1% shift in commuters who have such program of only $80 million dollars is being among alternative fossil fuel energy sources a choice to make van pooling. Thus a pro­ developed by the Federal Energy Administra­ and to provide information helpful in mak­ gram which achieves only a ten to twenty tion. It is designed to identify energy efficient ing critical choices among them. Much more percent change produces substantial savings. practices for the private market and to dis­ of this kind of analysis needs to be done. 10 The title of the study is "Energy and seminate information about these practices. And efforts by the Environmental Protection the Environment: The Critical Tradeoffs." It could save substantially more energy than Agency and the Council on Environmental would be produced by the proposed com­ Quality to aid decisionmaking in these areas mercial synthetic fuels program at substan­ should be encouraged and directly provided tially less cost per unit of energy and prob­ for in the legislation. ably at less cost to the federal government.7 THEY TRY TO RUN YOUR BUSINESS The equivalent cost to the consumer per m. THE PENDING LEGISLATIVE PROPOSAL THEN YOUR BUSINESS IS NO barrel of oil under the energy savings pro­ At the outset, I emphasize that I believe GOOD gram is from one-third to one-eighth less that congressional action to decontrol prices, than the cost per barrel under the synthetic elim1nate energy subsidies, and stimulate fuels program. Two examples make the point. and develop energy efficient and energy sav­ HON. TENO RONCALIO Getting a substantial number of home­ ing technologies and practices are preferable owners to increase their housing insulation to commercializing synthetic fuels produc­ OF WYOMING could produce energy savings of approxi­ tion technology. Synthetic fuels have such a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mately 100,000 barrels of oil per day in 1977 limited role in future energy use, are exorbi­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 at a cost of $5 per barrel.8 By 1985, the sav­ tantly costly, and cause very substantial en­ ings would be about 1 to 1.2 million barrels vironmental and social impacts. Moreover, a Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, on my of oll per day. Convincing a substantia.l num­ number of federal programs and a substan­ recent Wyoming Thanksgiving recess I ber of businesses to provide van pooling for tia.l amount of federal funds and resources received a good deal of information from their employees so that each vehicle arriving already are or are soon expected to be com­ my constituents letting me know what at the plant carries 8 to 10 people instead of mitted to the development of synthetic fuels 1 or 2 could produce energy savings of 250,000 technologies. they want and do not want from Wash­ to 500,000 barrels of oil per day, again in One such effort-the prototype oil shale ington. 1977, at a cost of only $2 per ba.rrel.o And, leasing program of the Department of the In­ I was particularly impressed by a let­ again, the savings would be even greater in terior-has as its principal objective com­ ter handed to me by Wyoming cattle­ 1985. mercialization of a production technology. man Thomas S. Humphreys. He speaks A number of other energy conservation Thus, in the oil shale area, the proposed bill from 83 years of experience, and I think actions were identified by the Federal Energy complicates an ongoing governmental pro­ his comment on the plight of today's Administration in the Project Independence gram which required years of government ranchers and cattlemen deserves note. Re!port (November 1974). For example, effort to develop. Other efforts in the syn­ establishing a mandatory 20 miles per gal­ thetic fuels area. are discussed in ERDA's I would like to share this letter with lon auto efficiency standard would save in recent report to the Congress: "A National my colleagues: 1985 1.9 mlllion barrels of oil if the price Plan For Energy Research, Development, and DEAR FRIEND TENo: ' You should do some­ per barrel were $11 and 2.7 million barrels Demonstration: Creating Energy Choices For thing about the cattle business. It's worse if the price were $7. All of these energy the Future." than I've ever seen it and I've been in it all savings programs cost substantially less However, assuming for the moment that a my life. I've never seen it this bad. All the than the commercial synthetic fuel program. synthetic fuels commercialization program cattlemen and ranchers and feeders are And all of these energy savings programs wlll be established, then the best program going broke-they can't pay their bills. are less risky than the synthetic fuels com­ possible should be developed. The analysis Cattlemen sell their cattle for nothing and mericalization program. of preferred energy alternatives discussed can't buy feed to feed them. People that have above provides a. basis for choosing among to buy meat can't aff-ord it. C. A Balanced Energy Conservation/Energy alternative elements of the proposed com­ I am against the Bureau of Land Man­ Supply Program mercialization program and defines several agement. They try to run your business then Given the benefits of increasing the factors which should be followed in develop­ your business is no good. nation's energy resources by methods which ing such a. program: ( 1) subsidies and other If it had not been for our Forefathers, we encourage more prudent and efficient use of direct forms of federal assistance should be wouldn't have any Country. I think we should energy, such as the alternatives discussed minimized; (a) energy efficiency improve­ stop importing all this cattle from these in the previous two sections, if a decision ment objectives should be maximized; and other countries. That's not right. is made that actual energy resource sup­ (3) environmental and social impacts should I'm not much of a writer but if they don't plies should be directly increased by govern­ be minimized. do something about this cattle business, ment effort, then any such supply oriented FOOTNOTES there won't be any ranchers. We control program should include an equivalent energy 2 FEA Press Release, dtd. Sept. 5, 1975. about 50,000 acres and are getting more be­ conservation program. a The Oil Shale Corporation (TOSCO) hind. We can't keep paying this higher in­ A very basic and sim.ple reason for adopt­ stated that the purchase price in March 1975 terest with nothing to pay it with. I am 83 ing this approach is that it permits a test dollars of a. barrel of oil produced without years old and I could always pay my own of the effectiveness of each energy strategy. any government assistance (total equity fi­ bills. You can't buy new trucks-can't fix the In addition, to the extent that energy supply nancing) would be $16.75. This price was old ones up. If you see the ranchers side of enhancement policies are just1fled on the presented to the Federal Energy Administra­ it now, you can't do much alone, Teno, but basis of reducing the risk that future energy tion in a draft loan guarantee proposal which ·naybe you can try. Good luck. needs will not be met, a balanced supplyI was submitted to aid the Administration in THOMAS S. HUMPHREYS. conservation program diversifies the risk and, developing its synthetic fuels commercia.l­ P.S. Men that had money ain't got noth­ tzation program. ng now. They're so far in debt they will Footnotes at end of article. • It should be noted, as well, that the en. never get out. December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38237 TRIDUTE TO DR. F. Wn.LARD through the most difficult period in the HALT INEQUITABLE DISTRIDUTION ROBINSON history of education in our country. OF FEDERAL SPENDING He will not, however, rest on his laurels. He leaves us to become curric­ ulum director in charge of program de­ HON. HENRY J. NOW~K HON. THOMAS M. REES OF NEW YORK OF CALIFORNIA velopment for the Howard E. Butt & IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Laity Lodge Foundation. The strength of a man is permanently Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 Tuesday, December 2, 1975 etched against the background of his ac­ Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, the Federal Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, I am proud complishments. This man's courage has Government has encouraged the eco­ today to call to the attention of my borne him through military fire and pi­ nomic growth of States outside the colleagues in Congress the name and the oneer flight to the forefront of educa­ northeast by concentrating Federal jobs achievements of Dr. F. Willard Robinson. tion. Nurtured in the heritage of stern outside this area. Dr. Robinson is a man who has devoted religious forebears, a man displays his In a recent private study, researchers his life to the service of others, par­ power to grow as he bends with the times. reported that Federal payrolls have in­ ticularly the youth of our Nation. To change from strict traditionalism to creased 11 percent more in areas outside His early years were spent in his own open, people-oriented leadership is a the Northeast. Federal military contracts education, at Long Beach Polytechnic measure of a man's sensitivity and in­ have a value of only $134 per person in High School and at the University of volvement with the future. Climaxing a this region, versus $196 per person for Southern California. He achieved high life with a third career rooted in ideal­ the balance of the country. These ex­ scholastic honors and also distinguished ism and dedicated to building models for penditures are a form of income redis­ himself on the debating team and on the today's youth is the pinnacle of achieve­ tribution to the newer, growing States . track and cross-country teams. ment. Willard Robinson is such a man, via Government spending policies. I As was the case with so many others, a unique human being of talent and in­ strongly urge the President and Con­ Willard Robinson's education was in­ tegrity. gress to seek ways to halt this inequitable terrupted by World War II. He defended I ask the House of Representatives to distribution of Federal spending. his country as pilot in a carrier-based join me in saluting an outstanding Such governmental policies have en­ torpedo squadron, operating in the American, F. Willard Robinson. couraged people to move out of our cities. Pacific area. He served 54 months active I have sponsored today two pieces of duty as lieutenant in naval aviation. legislation which I believe would encour­ After the war, Willard Robinson re­ age economic development within cities turned to the University of Southern CORPS OF ENGINE.ERS-GRANTING like Buffalo, by increasing the oppor­ California for graduate work in educa­ PERMANENT EASEMENTS FOR tunities for plant and business expan­ tion, to better equip himself for the PRIVATE BOAT DOCKS sions through the vehicle of low-interest teaching of young people. He earned the loans. M.S. and Ed. D. degrees in education as One program is to increase the limits well as secondary and general adminis­ of loans allowed to be made by indus­ trative credentials. HON. ROBIN L. BEARD trial development agencies. These agen­ Dr. Robinson put his energy, intelli­ OF TENNESS~ cies have given over $5 million in tax'­ gence, and education to good use. He has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES free loans to businesses inside the 37th served as teacher, coach, and student co­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 Congressional District, which have cre­ ordinator at Canoga Park High School; ated over 100 jobs and increased the tax vice principal of Mark Twain Junior Mr. BEARD of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, base of our local municipalities. With the High School; principal of Airport Junior last December the Corps of Engineers concern of business for increased capital High School; vice principal, acting issued regulations designed to implement formation, this proven program should principal, and summer principal of Re­ their lakeshore management policy. A be expanded from $5 million loan limits seda High School; and for the past 16 portion of these regulations would pro­ to $10 million, so that larger industrial years, principal of Beverly Hills High hibit the sale or transfer of private boat development can take place. In addition, School. docks or easements constructed on prop­ because of the rate of inflation, especially Willard Robinson has contributed to erty under the jurisdiction of the Secre­ in construction, the present $5 million the educational process _and the educa­ tary of the Army. Today, I am intro­ ceiling is unreasonable. tional systems of the State of California ducing legislation that would rectify that Another bill which I have cosponsored, and of the United States in many ways. provision. with Congresswoman SULLIVAN, will re­ He has worked without respite in the The corps once encouraged citizens to create the Reconstruction Finance Cor­ California Association of School Admin­ build homes around cnrps' controlled poration. istrators and also in the national organi­ lakes and rivers by allowing the con­ Almost a half century ago, this coun­ zation, as well as on the State Commis­ struction of private boat docks closely ac­ try was plunged into the Great Depres­ sion Selection, Recruitment, and Reten­ cessible to private property. The attrac­ sion. One of the most successful pro­ tion of Teachers, as adviser to the Cali­ tion of a 5-year automatically renewed grams of the 1930's, the Reconstruction fornia Scholarship Federation, as Direc­ license provided to each boat dock owner Finance Corporation had broad powers tor of the College of Entrance Examina­ was quite successful in speeding the slug­ to act as a lender of last resort to small tion Board and in countless other ways. gish development around the corps' business, municipalities, banks, and He has been a leader and director in property. homeowners. I believe that the condi­ YMCA work as well as teacher, adviser, Now, the Corps of Engineers has de­ tions are ripe today to have a new Re­ and ruling elder in the Bel Air Presby­ cided that private docks should be re­ construction Finance Corporation. To­ terian Church and the St. James Presby­ stricted. The corps' plans to accomplish day, small borrowers have been crowded terian Church of Tarzana. Knowing well this end by a new regulation which will out of the money markets. Municipali­ the importance of . community involve­ in effect prohibit the sale or transfer of ties and agencies like the Buffalo Sewer ment and support, he has worked in private boat dock access to those individ­ Authority, which are in fine financial church and youth activities in all parts of uals who purchased property under the condition, are forced into unreasonable the country. conditions of a previous corps' regulation. positions because of the paranoia which However, since 1959, Dr. Robinson has There is no question that the absence surrounds the municipal bond market. A concentrated most of his efforts at of a private docking facility will deflate new RFC would, as the lender of last re­ Beverly Hills High School. He has di­ the market value of shore property. In sort, take up the slack to help such agen­ rected and supervised the development of addition, the conditions placed on the cies and governments, in addition to its an educational program without equal. sale or transfer of this property is clearly principal duty to help small business. He has provided the kind of leadership an infringement on the property rights The original RFC made loans of more which is assessed through the steady im­ of individuals by the Federal Govern­ than $38 billion and ended with a net provement and broadening of the pro­ ment. The legislation I will introduce to­ profit exceeding $600 million. A program grams to meet the needs of the students day will seek to correct this violation. of similar scope is needed now. 38238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 NO SMOKING of Health has written up sixteen pages of I. K. Ishimatsu is the finest kind of "clarifying" regulations and wUl hold publlc example of what an American citizen hearings this week--a. likely theater of war between business lobbies on one hand and might hope to be. He deserves our recog­ HON. RICHARDSON PREYER organized a.ntismokers on the other. The nition for his dedicated and continuing OF NORTH CAROL~A board will submit its final report to the state efforts to make our country--our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES attorney general early next year. But in Min­ world-a better place. nesota, as elsewhere, it wlll probably be a Tuesday, December 2, 1975 long time before the smoke rea.lly clears. Mr. PREYER. Mr. Speaker, recently some of my colleagues have proposed LIMITING THE TERM OF OFFICE legislation which would place restrictions HONORS A GREAT GENTLEMAN OF THE DffiECTORS OF THE on smoking. It might be a good idea as FBI AND CIA we consider these bills, to take a good look at what has occurred in some of the HON. DON EDWARDS places where local or State action of a OF CALIFORNIA HON. JERRY LITTON similar nature is already in effect. For IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MISSOURI that purpose I cite the following article IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the December 8 edition of News­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 week magazine: Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Tuesday, December 2, 1975 MINNESOTA: No SMOKING Speaker, I want to take this opportunity Mr. LITTON. Mr. Chairman, today I As every pack of cigarettes reluctantly to recognize and honor a great gentleman am introducing a bill which would limit warns, smoking ca.n be dangerous to your from the Santa Clara Valley in my con­ the term of office of the Directors of the health. Because there is increasing evidence gressional district in California. FBI and CIA to a maximum of 10 years. to suggest that smoking can be dangerous Mr. I. K. Ishimatsu has received the It is obvious from recent congressional to other people's health as well, more than Order of the Sacred Treasure by the hearings that Directors of both agencies 30 states have passed laws aimed at pro­ tecting nonsmokers from smokers. And o! Emperor of Japan for his contributions have been guilty of abuses of the powers them all, none is tougher--on paper-than in fostering better relations between the of their office. I believe it is necessary Minnesota's four-month-old Indoor Clean United States and Japan and also for that the terms of the Directors be limited Air Act which makes it lllegal to llght up in his work on behalf of his community and so as to see that no one creates a power public anywhere in the state unless the of his fellow man. structure so big that Congress and the place is specifically designated as a smoking This esteemed gentleman has lived in President are fearful of questioning it. area. this, his adopted country, for 60 years. J. Edgar Hoover served as Director of So far, however, the new regulations are In the 1940's he scraped for a living for the FBI from 1924 until his death in producing little more than a. smoke storm of complaints a.nd confusion. The Minne­ his family. Then the devastating effects 1972. During those 48 years, Mr. Hoover apolis-St. Paul International Airport, for of Pearl Harbor seemingly shattered all was a law unto himself. The Bureau be­ example, conspicuously posted $1,200 worth hope of making his dream of prosperity came his private fief and he was able to Of SMOKING and NO SMOKING Signs to COmply and achievement come true. He was do whatever he pleased without question. with the rules. Although those who smoke forced to move his family to Utah where In a way, Mr. Hoover became the most out of bounds are subject to fines of up to he started anew, raising farm products powerful man in the United States. $100, the head of the airport police force and establishing a farm nursery. His two I am appalled at some of the informa­ admits: "We mainly ignore them." One angry traveler whose cigar wasn't ignored wound sons, Robert and Raymond, were called tion that has recently been revealed up grinding it out on the nearest ticket to serve in the Armed Forces of the about the workings of the FBI during counter and announcing loudly: "This is United States and did so with distinction. the tenure of the late J. Edgar Hoover. the last time I'll ever come into a. goddam However, while his sons were serving That fact that the Bureau collected data state that wouldn't allow a. man to smoke." their country, he and the rest of his and kept files on Members of Congress, TWELFTH HOUR family were often the objects of suspicion the White House staff and even the Pres­ Unhappier still are Minnesota's restaurant and hostility in Utah. idents of the United States without so owners, who are now required to provide Ultimately, Mr. Ishimatsu and his much as a peep out of anyone is enough smoke-free zones for their customers. The family became respected members of the to send chills down my spine. What is provision affecting eating places was tacked community which had initially regarded even more appalling .was Mr. Hoover's on to the bill at what one official of the him as a threat to our country. At_the Minnesota. Restaurant Association called crusade to discredit the late Dr. Martin "the twelfth hour," and they have been fight­ end of the war, he :--eturned to California. Luther King, Jr., through the use of bugs, ing a rear-guard action ever since. Because He continued his efforts in business and blackmail, and threatening letters. The bars are exempt, m.a.ny restaurants now became successful in farming and in de­ fact that Mr. Hoover went so far as to try label themselves "smoking bars"-among velopment of housing complexes. He to promote a new national black leader them a Howard Johnsons' in Bloomington, to presently serves as director of the Bank to replace Dr. King further indicates the vast annoyance of some of its "family­ of Tokyo of California. He is a member that the buildup of a concentration of restaurant" clientele. Other eateries have made provisions for nonsmokers, though of the Japanese American Citizens power over a long period must be often grudging and not always choice. A League. stopped. state official, treating his wife to dinner at In addition to being a successful busi­ While no one has served more than 9 one of the poshest spots in St. Cloud, asked nessman, he never refuses when called years as Director of the CIA, the same to sit in the nonsmoking area-and was upon to assist in any worthwhile project situation could easily develop within this promptly ushered to a. card table in the and always finds time to encourage and organization. basement. ' help others. He says: Charlie's Cafe Exceptionale in Minneapolis My bill would serve two main purposes. invested $10,000 in a special oaklined non­ We have to participate in the life of the First, it would prevent anyone from hav­ smoking alcove in one of its three dining community a.nd in this way we can preserve ing an autocratic stranglehold on these rooms. But Charlie's clients apparently for ourselves and for the community, a. two key agencies by retaining the direc­ prefer being where the action is; the manage­ heritage to be passed on to our children . . . torship for a long period of time. Second, ment claims that whole lunch times go by whatever we contribute in our own little way for the betterment of our fellow by giving the office a tenure of 10 years, when no one asks to sit where the smoke the bill would help to insulate the Direc­ isn't. man ... will surely reflect the positive ef­ Other Minnesota. businessmen have com­ fects of that contribution. tors from political manipulation. plained about provisions of the law requiring Furthermore, the setting of a 10-year segregated smoking areas in offices and fac­ I. K. Ishimatsu also believes in taking term would also lend a certain stability tories. If office workers in the Pillsbury Co.'s an active part in the political life of his and continuity to the office that had been Minneapolis headquarters had to leave their community. He has provided gifted and lacking when the Directors were ap­ posts to smoke, the company estimated, it wise leadership in this area. He believes pointed for an unspecified period. Even could cost nearly $500,000 a. year. Other busi­ participation is essential to insure that nessmen argued that it would be discrimina­ though my bill would not change the tory to permit smoke breaks without pro­ the political process is not subverted to constitutional power of the President to viding similar time off for nonsmokers. create a climate detrimental to the civil remove executive officeholders, the fact To settle the confusion, the State Board and personal rights of any ethnic group. that Congress set a specific term would December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38239 make any President think twice before The primary interest of Chinese planners in order to speed up its domestic develop­ is in imports. Exports are fostered as a way ment. He underlined that China's trade vol­ dismissing a person for political reasons. of earning foreign exchange with which to ume with the world wUl continue to expand Mr. Chairman, on March 17, 1975, the purchase capital goods, foodstuffs, and other at a rapid rate in the years ahead. Senate passed a similar bill limiting the materials to accelerate China's economic In reality, the Chinese have reinterpreted term of the director of the FBI to 10 growtli. In the 1950s China hoped to accom­ the concept of self-reliance. In the 1960s it years. plish these objectives through a preponder­ meant import mlnlmization; now it repre­ antly Soviet trade orientation. At that time sents a much more active and open foreign in trade, as in polltics, the Chinese followed trade orientation with the 11m.1ts defined a "lean to one side" policy evidenced by the by China's ability to earn foreign exchange. UNITED STATES-CHINA RELATIONS fact. that 60 to 80 percent of the country's That is, while in the 1960s China's policy was trade was with the Soviet Union and other based on minimizing trade dependence on communist countries. In fact, within the the rest of the world, it now means mini­ context of this orientation, China's' foreign mizing financial dependence. Therefore the HON. PIERRE S. (PETE) du PONT trade expanded very rapidly; indeed, more new policy and the desire to accelerate in­ OF DELAWARE rapidly than GNP. dustrial development provide a strong in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES These policies were drastically reversed in centive to broaden China's trade relations the 1960s when as a result of the Sino-So­ with Japan, Western Europe, and the United Tuesday, December 2, 1975 viet break, the Russians withdrew thousands States. At the same time, Dr. Kissinger's se­ Mr. nu PONT. Mr. Speaker, the Sub­ of technicians and ad visors from China very cret trip in mld-1971 provided an opportunity committee on Investigations of the In­ suddenly and thus brought to a virtual halt for opening relations, including trade rela­ an extensive program of turnkey (complete tions, with the United States. ternational Relations Committee has plant) projects in which they were involved. These new policy considerations happened begun a series of hearings examining Having thus suffered the penalties of over­ to coincide with a mediocre Chinese harvest current U.S. relations with the People's dependence on one dominant trading part­ in 1972 which suddenly increased China's Republic of China in connection with ner, the Chinese embarked on a self-reliance grain import requirements. Since the 1950s, President Ford's visit to Peking. In the policy in the 1960s. Therefore, under the im­ China had been an exporter of rice. Up to first of these hearings, on November 18, pact of slower economic growth and delib­ 1961, the Chinese did not import grains or the subcommittee heard testimony by erate policy combined, Chinese foreign trade other foodstuffs in signl1icant quantities. Prof. Alexander Eckstein of the eco­ fluctuated in the 1960s around an essentially However, under the impact of an acute ag­ stable level. Thus if one adjusts for infla­ ricultural crisis in the early 1960s, they be­ nomics department of the University of tionary price rises. the volume of China's gan to import about 6 million tons of grain. Michigan concerning Sino-American total trade turnover did not exceed 1959 As the agricultural situation improved in Trade and United States-China Rela­ levels unti11972. the late sixties, these imports were reduced. tions. Professor Eckstein, noting in his In effect, following a depression in the early fluctuating between 3 and 5 million tons; excellent statement the recent decline sixties and a mild recession engendered by however, under the irnpact of the inferior in United States-China trade, attributes the disruptive impact of the Cultural Revo- 1972 harvest, they were suddenly increased the Chinese reluctance to expand trade 1ution, the Chinese economy has been in the to seven or more million tons in 1973 and significantly with the United States to throes of a new wave of expansion since 1974. The U.S. became the principal supplier the absence of formal diplomatic rela­ around 1970. Chinese leaders have placed of this additional grain to China. While we a renewed emphasis on the importance of sold them no grain before 1971, we supplied tions between the two countries. economic development as illustrated by the almost a million tons in 1972, 4 million tons Mr. Speaker, I am submitting for the fact that they apparently cut back military in 1973, and almost 3 million tons in 1974. RECORD Professor Eckstein's testimony expenditures between 1971 and 1972 perhaps In addition, the Chin~se purchased sizable which clearly analyzes recent United by as much as 25 percent. In this way, they quantities of soybeans and raw cotton in States-China trade and the obstacles released resources for investment in the civil­ 1973 and 1974. which block a further expansion of that ian sectors of the economy. This cutback These sharply fluctuating trends in our trade: in military expenditures almost certainly re­ grain sales to China have dominated the flected a reduced sense of an immediate So­ whole course of U.S.-China trade since its SINO-AMERICAN 'I'RADE AND U.S.-CHINA viet threat to China. It also was part and RELATIONS opening in 1971 as lllustrated by the follow­ parcel of a broader process of reassessment ing figures (in millions of U.S. dollars): (By Alexander Eckstein) of all of China's pollcies--domestic and for­ Why this sudden rise Sind sharp ooll81p~e? I appreciate being invited to testify at eign, economic and political. These policy re­ China's traditional grain suppliers were these important hearings on the state of assessments of course were closely inter­ Oan&da and AustraUa but they were not in U.S.-China relations. I wlll address myself twined with a far-reaching internal power a position to suddenly, from one year to primarily to the trade and economic aspects struggle which led to the fall of Lin Piao. the next, increase their grain exports by 2-4 of this relationship. It would seem that beginning around 1969 million tons. Therefore the Chinese had to Foreign trade is a relatively small sector or 1970, Chairman Mao and Premier Chou look to the United States. Almost certainly, of the economy for any large country. Thus En-lai decided to reformulate the Chinese however. economic and trade considerations imports and exports combined constitute strategy of coping with the Soviet threat. In were reinforced by political factors. In 1972 perhaps no more than 6 percent of GNP in the short run, the Chinese would seek rea.sur­ am.d 19'73, China was clearly interested 1n China a.s compared to 7 percent for the U.S., ances against the Soviets by opening rela­ rapidly normalizing its relations with the roughly the same for the Soviet Union, but tions with the United States. In the longer U.S. A rapid increase in U.S.-Chlna. trade 22 percent for Japan, and as much as 70 or run they would seek to build a "powerful, stood as a. sym.bol of improved relations and 80 percent for a small foreign-trade oriented modern, socialist country." According to was -also probably intended by the Chine;;e country in Western Europe or in Africa. A Chou En-lai's "Report on the Work of the as a token of their earnestnes<.> in pursuLng small share however, does not mean that Government" in January 1975, this task was normalization. As a result, the U.S. was sud­ foreign trade is unimportant for China's eco­ to be accomplished by the end of this cen­ deniJ.y propelled into second place as China's nomic development. On the contrary, 1m­ tury. In the same speech, Chou spoke of leading ·trading partner. ports serve as the major highway for the the need "to accomplish the comprehensive The colla.pse too was brought about by transfer of advanced technology and mod­ modernization of agriculture, industry, na­ interacting economic and political considera­ ern production techniques. The imports of tional defense, and science and technology tions. There is no question that the Chinese machinery, equipment, and other capital so that our national economy will be ad­ found the quality of the grain shipped from goods a.s components and as complete plants vancing in the front ranks of the world." the United States greatly inferior to the sup­ played a most crucia"'l role in China's indus­ .Actually the short-term and long-term plies they were accustomed to receiving from trial development, particularly in the 1950s strategies of coping with the Soviet threat Canada and Australia. U.S. wheat contained and 1970s. Similarly, imports of foodstuffs, can be considered as mutually interrelated many imp uri ties while our corn was so high particularly grain, made a marginal but and reinforcing. In the process of their pol­ in moisture content that it arrived in China quite important contribution to China's ur­ icy reassessment, tbe Chinese leaders clearly sprouting. Repeated complaints by the Chi­ ban food supply since 1961, thereby easing recognized that rapid economic development nese were ignored by both graLn traders am.d the burden imposed on the internal trans­ and modernization over t he next quarter cen­ the U.S. government. It is therefore not sur· port and distribution network. At the same tury will require accelerated techn ological prlsing that when the Chinese harvest 1m· time, these foods purchases relieved the pres­ progress and a much more open trade orien­ proved to the point that total purchases sure on the peasantry to increase grain deliv­ tation on the part of China. This view was were reduced from. a. 7 to 8 million ton level eries to the state. Food imports in the Chi­ reiterated again most recently by the Vice­ back to a 3 to 5 million ton level, U.S. im­ nese context can therefore be considered as Minister of Foreign Trade in a discussion ports were eliminated altogether. There axe an investment in the maintenance of stabil­ with a high level American delegation. He re­ ample indications that in addition to these ity in the urban areas and the improvement emphasized that Chlna would in the next problems the Chinese became more and more of incentives and rising living standards in five years import on a significantly larger disappointed at the pace of normalization in the rural ones. scale advanced technology and equipment the course of 1974 and 1975. 38240 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 stored to its peak 1974 level, or beyond, will require either a supreme political leap 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975. leading to full diplomatic relations or a step-by-step approach gradually removing 63.5 739.7 820.5 280-300 the technical, institutional, and economic u.s. !D1portsExports------______o.o u.s. 4.9 32.4 63.9 114.7 140 barriers standing in the way such as MFN, the claims-assets problem, and so on. Ap­ trade turnover______parently, the United States government Total 4.9 95.9 803.6 935.2 42~40 would like to follow the step-by-step ap­ proach, thereby gradually building a mo­ mentum which then might lead to full nor­ •Projected. malization. It would seem the Chinese do This disappointment has been reinforced here are subject to full tariff duties, with­ not wish to follow this road. They have by Watergate and the collapse in Vietnam. out benefit of MFN. However, preliminary given ample indication that, barring some These event s are interpreted by the Chinese studies would suggest that even with MFN, quite unusual and unforeseen circum­ as signs of growing weakness in t he United China's sales may not increase by more than stances, they wlll not permit a significant States, both domestically and internation­ 25 percent, which means that they could be rise in trade with the United States short of ally. Their concern is greatly aggravated by 175 m1llion instead of 140 million dollars formal diplomatic relations. the intensifying rivalry and competitiOtll be­ in 1975. In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, permit me tween Russia and China for influence and The constraints imposed by China's lim­ to state a personal view. It seems to me domina.nce in Indo-China, following t he col­ ited abiUty to sell in the United States mar­ most unfortunate that U.S.-China relations lapse in Vietnam. In the face of this rivalry, ket could be removed in two ways. First, if have once more become a football in U.S. they feel they cannot rely on the United the United States would be in a position to domestic politics as they were in the 1950s States as an effective count eT-balance to the extend large scale credits to China and if and 1960s. It is indeed unfortunate that full USSR. China would be willing to a.ccept such cred­ formalization of diplomatic relations could In the light of these ctroumstances, the its. Neither of these seems to be the case not be accomplished this year whlle Chair­ Chinese see no reaSOtll to continue their grain nor probable under present circumstances. man Mao and Premier Chou are still alive purchases in the United States just to a.c­ A second possibility would be increasing and politically influential. As they pass from commoda.te us, particularly since they could China's oU exports to the United States. the scene, their successors may find it much do so only if they cut back on their grain China exported about 6 million tons of oil harder to compromise, at least initially, un­ contra.cts with Canada. and Australia. Grant­ last year and is projected to ship about 10 til they fully consolidate their internal ing all of this, why did our non-agricultural million this year. By 1980, it might supply political position. Therefore, by passing up trade with China increase so little since 1971 3Q-50 million tons. Thus far, the bulk of the opportunity of recognition this year, we when total Chinese imports, particularly this oil has gone to Japan and it seems un­ are running the risk of maintaining the complete plants, machinery, transport equip­ likely that over the next few years any sig­ status quo ·for along time to come. Thus our ment and other capital· goods were rising nificant quantity would be shipped to the highly anomalous relationship with the dramatically? Again, a combination of po­ U.S. No doubt, China's oil production and most populous nation on earth may be pro­ litical e.nd economic factors were at work. exports could be increased at an even faster longed and greatly complicated. Our total exports of all types of industrial pace if the PRC would be interested in en­ goods, including machinery and transport tering into some kind of arrangements with equipment, were aJbout 90 million dollars in the major international oil companies which 1973, 140 mill10t11 dollars in 1974 ·a.nd a pro­ could provide technical assistance in off­ TAX REFORM LEGISLATION jected 140 m1!111on in 1975. During the sa.me shore exploration and drilling. However, all years, China's imports of these types of goods indications are that the Chinese are deter­ a.mounted to a.bout 3-3.5 billion dollaTs. This mined to be genuinely self-reliant in their HON. LARRY PRESSLER means that the United Stat es supplied only oil development, buying equipment abroad OF SOUTH DAKOTA 3 to 5 percent of China's imports of indus­ but managing exploration and drilling by trial goods, with Japan assuming by far the themselves. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lea.ding role. There is no doubt that Japanese Mr. Chairman, let me conclude by summing Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 industry enjoys s'OIIle cost adva.ntages in the up and pulling together these various strands China market. These considera.tions are al­ of my analysis. I have tried to show that the Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. Speaker, I wish most certainly reinforced by Japan's geo­ evolution of Sino-American trade is con­ to express my support for tax reform leg­ graphic and cultural proximity to China. strained by a number of interacting elements. islation which will not place restrictive However Japan also h81S formal diplomatic First, the market for Chinese goods in the limitations on the amount of losses real relations with the People's Republic while United States is limited. Therefore barring estate investors could offset against their we do not. large scale U.S. credits to China, our ex­ income. Moreover, Japanese corporations and in­ ports could elg)and only if trade continued In my district, the First District of dustrial firms are in a position to provide to be very unbalanced as indeed it was in South Dakota, most of the real estate Ex-Im Bank financing for the sale of com­ 1973 and 1974. But, it is improbable that plete plants, while our Ex-Im Bank is barred the Chinese could finance such a large trade owners are small investors. Their hold­ from undertaking such financing for anum­ deficit year in, year out, unless some trade ings are not those of a real estate syn­ ber of reasons. First of all, the recent Trade credits were available. As I tried to show, dicate, or, for that matter, a large corpo­ Act precludes credits to countries with which however, credits are closely tied to normal­ ration. These men and women are in­ we have no inter-governmental trade agree­ ization. vestors who spend a good deal of their ments. It is most improbable that the Chi­ Credits are also tied to the settlement of spare time--weekends and holidays-re­ nese would be prepared to enter into such the claims-frozen assets issue. Private claims pairing and maintaining their prop­ an agreement, even if we were willing to, against China. am-ount to about 197 million erties. I contend that the greater per­ without formal diplomatic recognition. There dollars. PRC assets frozen in the United is also a question as to whether the Ex-Im States are valued at around 76.5 million centage of real estate owners in the Bank can make or guarantee loans unless the dollars. It would seem that this problem United States are not much different claims-frozen assets issue is settled. There was essentially settled between the two gov­ from my constituents in South Dakota. are ample indications that the Chinese are ernments on an "even-ste:ven'' basis at least A13 my colleagues are well aware, the tying settlement of claims and frozen as­ a year ago. That is, we would fully com­ housing industry has not enjoyed an up­ sets to full normalization. This position was pensate them for their assets and they would swing, in spite of the efforts made to pro­ recently reitera.ted once more by the Vice­ compensate us in the same amount. It would vide a boost to the- industry in the Tax seem that the settlement was not con­ Minister of Foreign Trade in his interview Reduction Act of 1975 and the vetoed with an American delegation. If this were summated because the Chinese did not wish not enough, there are some additional reg­ to go ahead without formal diplomatic Emergency Middle-Income Housing Act. ulations which would bar the Ex-Im Bank recognition. Unfortunately, those hardest hit by this from financing or guaranteeing credits to An additional obstacle in our trade is the housing crisis are low- and middle­ China. lack of MFN which further constrains income families. A deperate shortage of The expansion of our trade with the PRC is Chinese sales to the United States. This ob­ single and multi-family dwellings exists also limited by China's ability to market stacle cannot be removed according to the across the country today. her products in the United States. China's recent Tra.de Act unless we were to enter Ironically, many of these dwellings are principal exports have been foodstuffs, tex­ into a formal trade agreement with China. tiles, miscellaneous consumer manufactures As I tried to show, such agreement is neces­ provided and maintained by middle-in­ and more recently, petroleum. Except for sarily tied to full normal1zation. come individuals who make invest­ petroleum, in none of these products do the U.S.-China trade in 1975 will be less than ments-however small-in real estate. If Chinese have a marked competitive advan­ one-half the level attained in 1974. It is 1m­ the tax incentives existing for small real tage in our markets. Moreover, their post­ probable that it wlll significantly expand estate investors are eliminated, I serious­ . tlon is weakened by the fact that their sales in 1976. For Sino-American trade to be re- ly believe many of these investors would December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3824lt be forced to liquidate their real estate UNEMPLOYMENT AND THE 1974 on the specialty steel industry. That in­ holdings. I do not think the housing in­ TRADE LAW d~try is endangered by imports. The dustry or the demand across the country Umted Steelworkers of America and 19 for decent low- to moderate-income hous­ companies that produce stainless steel ing can sustain any change in the tax HON. JOHN H. DENT and tool steel have petitioned the Inter­ law militating against the small in­ OF PENNSYLVANIA national Trllde Commission for relief. vestors. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They do not want to keep the imports I am pleased by the Ways and Means Tuesday, December 2, 1975 ou.t of America; but they want to keep a Committee's decision to allow taxpayers fair sh~re for the American producer. to aggregate the losses on all properties Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, sad news for The umon memberE: and the companies and offset this amount against aggregate every Member of Congress came out dur­ operate not only in Pennsylvania but in real property incomP.. Had the commit­ ing the Thanksgiving recess. The Inter­ national. Trade Commission-formerly many other States, such as New York ~e follo!Ved on the course established by Ohio, Maryland, Connecticut. Conside; Its earlier tentative decisions on this the Tariff Commission-refused once these facts: matter, I fear the small real property more to help an American industry fight for survival against a :flood of imports. First. Imports of stainless steel and owner might have been wiped out. tool s~el are higher in 1975 than they I plan to support aggregation of profits The most recent victim of the Commis­ were m 1974. But this year the overall and losses when H.R. 10612 is considered sion's indifference to the fate of Ameri­ market in the United States is smaller on the House :floor, and I urge my col­ can industry is the fastener industry. than it was last year. leagues to do likewise. Before that the victim was the cigar The imports are taking roughly 25 per­ wrapper industry. And before that it was cent of the market as an average. plywood doors. All three industries asked Second. The domestic industry ac­ the International Trade Commission for cordingly is producing at about 50 per­ BffiTHDAY OF DR. SUN YAT-SEN relief under the escape clause of the 1974 cent of capacity. Trade Act. The law is less than 1 year Third. Employment is down by 25 per­ old. In that time the Commission has cent. Man-hours are down by 40 per­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI str~c~ out three industries and given no OF ll.LINOIS cent. ~ositive ~elp to any industries. The jobs President Ford was in France recently IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES m those mdustries are in jeopardy. at a meeting about trade and other eco­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 The Congress made its intentions clear when it passed the trade law. The nomic matters. According to the docu­ Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I am ment, Declaration of Rambouillet, dated law provides for restriction of imports. It November 17, the conferee agreed that especially pleased that the Illinois State bro.ke new ground in its title II, about the United stB~tes and other countries Senate has seen fit to commemorate the which I quote from the congressional birthday of Dr. Sun Yat-sen who founded sh~uld "avoid resorting to measures by document, "Summary of Trade Reform which they could try to solve their prob­ the Republic of China. Act of 1974." That is a Senate Finance Since the President is just leaving lems at the expense of others". The for­ Committee document, dated November eign exporters of stainless steel and tool Communist China, I believe the Members 20, 1974, subsequent to which the House would benefit by knowing of the resolu­ steel are in fact trying to solve their accepted Senate language. The summary problems of unemployment and low level tion unanimously passed by the Illinois says: State Senate. of orders in the specialty steel industry The b1ll would make major changes in the at our expense by exporting unemploy­ The resolution follows: import relief measures provided in the Trade SENATE RESOLUTION No. 215 Expansion Act of 1962 for industries ment to Pennsylvania and Ohio and Whereas, On October 10, 1911, the Chinese If the International Trade found ~po~ New York and Maryland and Connecti­ people, under the leadership of Dr. Sun Yat­ were a substantial cause of serious injury (or cut-not to mention Georgia and Cali­ sen, revolted against the imperial rule of threat thereof) to an industry, the Presi­ fornia. and Wisconsin and other States the Manchu dynasty and established the dent would be required to provide some form where these specialty steels are made. Chinese Republic in the cause of liberty of import relief. The job-destroying imports come from equality and fraternity for the Chine~ countries that safeguard their employ­ nation; and Several forms of relief are made Whereas, The People of the Republic of available through this law. One is relief ment by forcing unemployment on us. In China have been among the most trusted through quotas-that is, unilateral quan­ Latrobe, Pennsylvania, 1,100 specialty friends and ames of the People of the United titative restrictions fixed by the Presi­ steel workers are.on layoff. In Baltimore, 1,200 specialty steel workers are on lay­ States since the founding of the Chinese Re­ de~t. Another is through orderly mar­ public sixty-three years ago; and ketmg agreements, which provide a off. They have been certified eligible for Whereas, The State of Illlnois is proud to adjustment assistance-but this is have a great Chinese community and is means of negotiating ~uotas. Other forms of relief are duty increases and tari:fi­ simply a kind of dole or welfare device cognizant of its accomplishments and con­ to save them from starvation. However, tributions to the economic and cultural life rate quotas. Duty increases have lost of this State; and their former effectiveness because so except as a last resort we do not want to Whereas, The Republic of China was a many exporting countries can lower price pay them off because they are not work­ founding member of the United Nations and to offset duty increases. The crucial fea­ ing at their jobs. We want them to keep has always been a law-abiding member of ture of the law is that the Executive their jobs. the community of nations; and is empowered to defend the American Congress passed the law just when the Whereas, The Republic of China is of great recession was reaching its low point and strategic importance to the defense of East industrial worker and the American in­ dustry by quantitative restrictions and unemployment was moving toward its Asia and the Pacific, and has always utWzed high point. The provisions of title II are its mllitary power in the interest of the free by orderly marketing agreements. world; therefore, be it But the executive shows no indication a. weapon against unemployment. But Resolved, by the Senate of the Seventy­ that it wants to use the law in order to the law is not use(j. Where is the indica­ Ninth General Assembly of the State of Dll­ safeguard the job of the industrial tion that the Executive or the Interna­ nois, that we memorialize the President and worker and no indication that it cares tional Trade Commission wants those the Congress of the United States to make about the survival of American industry. men and women on layoff to have a no commitment which would in any way chance to work for a living? Nothing in compromise the freedom and security of our That may be a harsh statement but it is justifiable because of the rep~ated re­ the administration of the Trade Act of friend, ally, and business partner, the Re­ to public of China or its People; and be it fusal to provide relief for the industries 1974 date shows willingness to follow further that are injured by imports. The Inter­ the will of Congress. The Trade Com­ Resolved, That a copy o! this resolution be national Trade Commission has made no mission rejects all petitions submitted sent to the President and Secretary of state recommendations to the President under under title II that prolongs the country's of the United States of America and mem­ title II as to actions he should take to delay in returning to full economic re­ bers of Congress of the State of nunots and covery. the Ambassador of the Republic of China to help industry. the United States, as a formal expression of In westem Pennsylvania, where my All of us here share deep concern for the views and sentiments of this Chamber congressional district is located, the the well being of American labor and regarding this vital international issue. economies of many communities depend American industry and the American 38242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 community. The good community is en­ the specialty steel industry and other of any steel from Spain. The European dangered by the struggle over trade. We industries. The effective use of the trade Common Market countries aJ"e restrict­ are used to the discussion about what law as the Congress meant it to be used ing steel imports from Japan. That of can be done for New York City now that is one essential means to keep those com­ course encourages Japan to increase its it is on the verge of default. The Gov­ munities healthy. I am anxious to see shipments to the United States. The fol­ ernment should prevent the coming of a how the law is enforced. New York kind of economic crisis to While the United States suffers from lowing chart shows the state of the im­ smaller communities all over the United an unrestricted tide of imports, the ports to the United States of stainless­ States that draw. their sustenance from United Kingdom prohibits the imports which is essential to U.S. defense: IMPORTS OF STAINLESS (All), SEPTEMBER 1975 (In tons[

Year to Year to Year to Year to date, date, extra p- 1975 1974 1973 date, date, extra p- 1975 1974 1973 Country of origin Month actuao olated quota total total Country of origin Month actual olated quota total total

United Kingdom ______603 5, 415 7, 220 ------7, 823 5, 055 enelu x ______87 2, 976 3, 968 ------2, 569 3,470 West Germany ______147 3, 698 4, 931 ------5, 341 2, 141 taly __ ------69 768 1, 024 ------1, 425 1, 802 France ______699 9, 618 12,824 ------20, 415 17,412 Total, Europe ______1, 605 22,475 29,967 ------37, 573 29,880 Japan ______6,493 74, 802 99,736 ------78,938 47, 783

JUSTICE WILLIAM 0. DOUGLAS the pages of its Discover magazine to the accident. She takes part in all activities, joys, the sorrows, and the contributions dances and often is the life of the party. "I never think of myself as blind and I made by Ame.ricans in their senior years. am happy," she says. "Being bitter would HON. MARTHA KEYS Featured was a factual and moving ac­ only make me and the people around me IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES count of life in a retirement home au­ miserable." thored by Stanley Cryor, news editor for A 79-year-old man who became gradually Wednesday, November 19, 1975 the Sunday Bulletin until his retire­ blind during the last decade can go any­ Mrs. KEYS. Mr. Speaker, I wish to pay ment. Now 81, Mr. Cryor continues to where in the building by counting the breaks tribute to Justice William 0. Douglas who write of his experiences with the trained in the handrails in the corridors. He had a has made such outstanding and honor­ eye of the journalist. The Bulletin chose brush with death after heart surgery recent­ ly when pneumonia complicated his condi­ able contributions to our heritage of in­ to publish his article in his own hand­ tion. dividual freedom during the past third of writing which added to the impact of his "I fought to live," he says and is back to a century. I can think of no better way observations. As a member of the House his normal pursuits. than to share remarks written by a close of Representatives Select Committee on The blind have free record-players and rec­ personal friend and constituent, Prof. Aging and a Congressman who represents ords from the Library of Congress. On the Louis H. Douglas from Kansas State Uni­ the second largest concentration of sen­ records the best of voices read entire books versity. He is a person who has inspired ior citizen retirees in the country, I very and contents of magazines. There is fascination in the variety of peo­ me to a commitment to work for that much want to share with other Members ple we are. It's fun to imagine what each delicate balance between individual free­ the contributions still being made by was like during his or her career. It is obvious dom and requirements of community ne­ women and men like Stanley Cryor. I, that our optimisms and pessimisms carry cessitated by democracy. Dr. Douglas has therefore, commend, Mr. Speaker, "You over from the lives we have lived. been a student of and participant in the Can Be Happy Or You Can Be Sad" to One outstanding personality was Brig. political process for many years. These the readers Of the CONGRESSIONAL General James S. Williams who served in were his words: RECORD: the communications center at the Pentagon The retirement of Associate Justice William in the last years of World War II. He came You CAN BE HAPPY OR You CAN BE SAD to St. Mary's in 1965 and died in 1973. 0. Douglas from the Supreme Court after 36 (By Stanley Cryor) years of dedic·ated service completes one of Another resident was a 1912 World Series the great chapters in the constitutional law A professional newspaperman and editor hero, Stephen Gerkes. The Boston Red Sox of the United States, one in which a new most of his working life, Stanley Cryor, now took the championship from the New York constitutional law was built. 81, served as news editor with the St. Louis Giants when he batted in the winning run. He is now dead but his widow, whom he mar­ As one of the many non-lawyer students Star-Times before joining the old Philadel­ of the constitution, I want to voice a special phia Record as night editor in 1936. In 1974 ried when she was 18, stm lives here. sense of gratitude to Justice Douglas for a he became night telegraph editor of The Most of us are ordinary people but doubt­ clarity of expression and succinct style that Bulletin and also worked as a news editor less some of those we see every day have also left no doubt as to meaning. More broadly, I, for The Sunday Bulletin until his retirement. had extraordinary lives we don't know about. with all Americans, am indebted to this great He is the author of One Man's Life, written I see one difliculty in the operation of re­ he says, "just for my family." tirement homes, which is no one's fault. It is Justice for his defense of our constitutional the pairing of residents in semi-private legacy of just procedures, equal rights, and I have lived in a retirement home for five rooms. Each one is taking a complete stranger freedom from harassment and oppression by years. There is happiness, sadness and bore­ into his home. It is not surprising that fric­ the state. dom here, mostly according to each resident's disposition. Those who keep busy mentally tion develops in some cases. If, as has been said, yesterday's dissent is The solution, which does not seem eco­ tomorrow's law, Justice Douglas' un:fllnching or physically are content. Those who brood or feel neglected are not. Those who sit nomically possible, is a private room for commitment to justice will continue to con­ everyone. But this would force costs up and tribute to the building of that "more perfect around doing nothing spend very long days. My home is beautiful St. Mary's Manor those with smaller incomes would be un­ union" promised in the preamble of our justly eliminated. Constitution. in Lansdale. Most of the residents a,re widows or widowers. There are some married couples A college girl who was sent here to do a and some who never wed. paper on the aged wrote: "No matter how Those who are active choose to be. There nice and pleasant they (homes for the aged) is no requirement, just opportunity-to cre­ are, no one, after living a given life style, can YOU CAN BE HAPPY OR YOU CAN ate personal programs, to read, to sew, set readapt to a new and unfamlliar environ­ BE SAD tables, hear lectures, take handicraft lessons, ment." attend religious devotions, help others, play There are, however, many cases where various games and exercise with walks on roommates get along very well. HON. WILLIAM J. HUGHES the grounds. If you plan to enter a retirement home a Those of us without handicaps are sharply simple rule will help: resolve to accept any OF NEW JERSEY reminded of it by two very independent per­ adjustment necessary Without complaint. st. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Marys does much to make life pleasant. Ob­ sons, both blind. Their independence lies in viously it cannot serve everyone exootly what Tuesday, December 2, 1975 their determination to do all they can for he or she wants at each meal but it will make themselves. • Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, the Phila­ substitutions for things one cannot eat. In One is a former school teacher who has general each person receives the same meal. delphia Bulletin on November 9 devoted been sightless for 19 years, the result of an Here we are still independent. We go and December 2, 19·75 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38243 come as we please but register on departure QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE estimate has increased from $700 million and return so no one need wonder what be­ PRICE-ANDERSON EXTENSION­ in 1972 to ·well over $1,700 million in came of us. A TIME TO BE CAUTIOUS 1974. Private industry has decided not However, we must adhere to schedules and that includes 8 o'clock breakfast. For those to get into the fuel enrichment industry who prefer to sleep later it won't work. If due to its exhorbitant capital costs with­ you don't appear at the breakfast table an HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS out heaVY Government subsidies as well. aid will come to your room, wake you up OF VERMONT Mr. Speaker, given this situation it is and ask "What's wrong?" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES surprising to see how heavily skewed the These are small things, weighed against proposed fiscal year 1976 ERDA budget the security and care you now have for the Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 is in the direction of nuclear energy. In rest of your life. Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, I believe terms of operating expenditures in di­ It is not always easy to leave a private Congress should be keeping a close watch rect energy related programs, 56 per­ home to reside in an institution. Those who do so on their own initiative do not find it on the development of substitutes to our cent-$791 million-goes to nuclear, hard. Some whose relatives arrange their en­ scarce oil resources. We have accepted while 27 percent-$383 million-goes to trance may feel they are being "put away." the responsibility, in creating ERDA, to fossil fuels and 6 percent-$84 million­ Such cases, I hope, are rare. Other family help stimulate the development of alter­ goes to solar. In terms of total operating responsibilities are more likely reasons. nate energy sources, but there comes a expenditures 45 percent-$2.2 billion­ The remedy for unhappiness, which each point in the development of those re­ goes to nuclear, 24 percent-$1.2 billion­ must leam for himself, is to make new sources where they have to go on their to national security, 7.7 percent-$383 friends and find new interests. After all, this own and compete on the basis of econom­ million-to fossil, and 11 percent for is one big family, destined to be together ics, safety, environmental quality, effi­ other-most of which is for the high en­ "until death do us part." ergy physics program directly related to We are familiar with death-not surpris­ ciency and other factors central to a ing considering that the average age at the free market economy so that we get suffi­ nuclear. Only 1.3 percent-$63 million­ Manor is 82. It is tragic only when a husband cient energy development with minimum goes to conservation. High energy phys­ or wife among the married couples dies, leav­ distortion resulting from government in­ ics comprises 6 times the expenditures ing the survivor to go it alone. tervention. There are already indications as for solar energy. Thus, of total oper­ Younger people should be realistic, accept that nuclear power is projected to be a ating expenses, 77 percent goes to nu­ the fact that every life has disappointments lot more expensive than we thought just clear and national security, while 3 per­ and be prepared to adjust. The brooders a little while ago. Yet we seem to be cent goes to solar and geothermal. among the old folks have not done that. It In would be so much better if, instead of griev­ committing a very large-perhaps dis­ terms of obligations requested for ing, they would look forward to the not-so­ proportionately large-part of the ERDA plant and capital, $826 million out of a distant reunion with loved ones in eternity. budget in the nuclear area; and in my total of $956 million goes to nuclear and There are many joyful events at St. view not enough in the areas of Solar, national security items, $61 million for Mary's. Wind power and Geothermal, as well as high energy physics, none for solar and Boys and girls from colleges and high and technologies .for the clean-burning of nearly none for geothermal. Only $3 mil­ grade schools entertain during the holiday coal. lion is dedicated to conservation tech­ season. Church choirs sing for us and girls Two interrelated trends deserve our nologies. Thus of total plant and capital from Gwynedd-Mercy Academy have come careful attention right now: the increas­ obligations requested, 93 percent goes to just to visit us. ing capital costs of nuclear power vis-a­ nuclear and national security, and none Once a year the Verona Guild, an organi­ zation of women devoted to the Manor, gives vis other sources of energy and the heaVY to solar. a gala party for the residents. Each August skewing of the ERDA proposed budget The nuclear industry, unlike the newer there is a chicken barbecue and carnival on toward nuclear energy. ones like solar, is a fairly mature indus­ the grounds. Studies recently completed by an MIT try. Twenty years ago nuclear power St. Mary's is not a nursing home. Those group and by a group at St. Louis led was given to the private sector along who become residents must be in reasonably by Barry Commoner show the capital with its Price-Anderson immunity from good health but will be cared for the rest of costs of nuclear powerplants are increas­ liability for nuclear harm. The legisla­ their lives. Nursing service is available ing at a rate three times as great as coal­ tion was enacted in 1957 to: one, protect around the clock. Each morning the new shift of nurses and aids checks all residents. fired plants, so that nuclear power will the public by assuring the availability of During a minor illness I was visited by five be more costly than coal by 1985 and funds for the payment of claims arising nurses and eight aids over a 24 hour period. probably earlier. The trends in the capi­ from a catastrophic nuclear incident; The medical director, who has office hours in tal costs as between these two sources and two, to remove a deterrent to pri­ the Manor once a week, is always on call. of energy are such that it seems inevit­ vate industrial participation posed by The Manor is surrounded by many acres able that utilities will probably discon­ the threat of tremendous potential lia­ of lawn and houses 152 persons on one level. tinue ordering nuclear units. Indeed, bility claims. Each room has a back door opening on a Commoner feels the nuclear industry We needed Price-Anderson 20 years tree-shaded patio. looks as if it will collapse economically ago to establish and stimulate an infant There is a magnificlent chapel, a replica of the late Cardinal Dougherty's titular because it is deeply in debt and has lost industry. Today the industry is an $80 church in Rome. It was built in 1925. The its ability to generate its own capital. billion reality, with 50 large reactors now present main Manor building was erected in And I would refer my colleagues to the in operation, which contribute almost 8 1965 and joined to the chapel by a corridor. November 17, 1975 issue of Business percent of the total electrical generating There is a resident priest. Week, which did an extensive cover story capacity in the United States. There is St. Mary's physical equipment includes an on the industry that echoes many of certainly an argument that the industry infirmary with 30 beds for the seriously sick Commoner's findings. Business Week go on its own, take its rightful place in and its own staff of nurses and aids. There quotes Richard A. McCormack, president our free market system, buy its own in­ also are a beautiful dining room, an audi­ surance in the open market and accept torium, a large recreation room, a full-sized of the Power System Group of General laundry, a canteen, a library, a launderette Atomic, who addressed an Atomic Indus­ total responsibility for its actions. The for personal use, a beauty and barber shop, a try Forum meeting this summer with the Rasmussen report, widely acclaimed as handicraft room and a gift shop. following bleak analysis: a even-handed extremely well-informed The home, which is operated by the Mis­ The nuclear business was born in the gov­ study has recently been released, in which sionary Sisters of Verona, has 90 lay em­ ernment and consciously weaned by statu­ itconcludes the chance for a nuclear ployes including administrators, secretaries, tory and administrative policies to grow catastrophe is still existant, but very very through an adolescence of government sup­ the nurses and aids, cooks, maintenance peo­ remote. This report took 2% years to do, ple and high school girls who work in the port. But the business was never firmly dining room, kitchen and infirmary. founded and the magnitude of the problems cost $4 million and was reviewed by every Thus, including the nuns, we are sur­ of getting it established in the private sec­ responsible actor in and out of the nu­ tor were never fully appreciated.... Frank­ clear industry knowledgeable on the sub­ rounded by youth-any one from 14 to 60 ly, we are a sick industry. is youth to us-and they add zest to our ject. The report outlines probabilities lives. The Clinch River breeder project cost and consequences of disasters in anum- 38244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 ber of fields: air travel, the chemical in­ WHEN, OH, WHEN Wn.L IT END? $70,000 for a study of wild boars 1n Pak­ dustry and others. In each case, the in­ istan; dustry accepts full responsibility for the $70,000 for a study on Indo-Australian ants; possibility of catastrophic incidents. It HON. JAMES C. CLEVELAND $15,000 to analyze hitchhiking; concluded the "possible consequences of OF NEW HAlllPSHIRE $112,000 to probe African climate ln the potential reactor accidents" are "in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES last ice age; many cases much smaller than those of Tuesday, December 2, 1975 $13.9 mllllon annually to maintain 300 nonnuclear accidents." Yet in each of mllitary golf courses 1n this country and these industries, management does not Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, I am around the world. buy full insurance coverage for the worst sure my colleagues have read published In case you're interested that study of passionate love cost you $260,000. Mr. Lam­ possible case. If insurance companies are accounts of wasteful Government ex­ bro suggests that the only way a federal willing to insure against low-probability, penditures for research projects of dubi­ budget slash will replace the horrendous defi­ high consequence accidents in such fields ous value, and many of us have had cop­ cits is when informed taxpayers get furious as aviation and chemicals; if these pur­ ies of these lists forwarded by irate con­ enough to demand lt of their elected officials. suits are able to accept limited insur­ stituents demanding not an explanation , How about a letter to Congressman Jim ance but unlimited liability and full re­ but an end to obvious extravagances. Cleveland today-2236 Rayburn Office Bldg., sponsibility to the public for their ac­ At a time when far too many Ameri­ Washington, D.C. 20515? And while you're in the mood, or we are, tions, and if capital is available from our cans are unemployed and practically all and we usually are, we .understand through private markets to finance these pursuits, are being forced to tighten their belts, the Los Angeles Herald Examiner that a new then why not for the nuclear industry? this evidence that the Federal Govern­ proposal has come to the government from Mr. Speaker, according to the Ameri­ ment is spending their hard-earned tax the office of the mayor of New York, to start can Nuclear Energy Council, within the dollars so carelessly causes justifiable issuing clothing stamps. This, says the Ex­ next 5 years, another 50 or so nuclear wrath. aminer, comes "hard on the heels of several plants will come on line. This is a dou­ The following editorial by Pat reports that the food stamp program has Mitchell, of the Ledger, published in Jaf­ become an expensive boondoggle." bling of the present number of plants, it The proposal says it is "psychologically de­ is a doubling of the amount of electricity frey, N.H., echoes the sentiments I have structive" for poor people to wear clothes generated by nuclear power, from the received from a number of constituents. that are not in fashion, and there is little present 8 percent to about 16 percent. I recommend the following to my col­ doubt why the Big Apple is broke I Certainly within those 5 years nuclear leagues and particularly to those who Our question is, who are the poor people-­ power will have become a mature indus­ may not yet have gotten the message: those who believe it or those of us who stlll think we are not poor, just burdened? The try in every sense of the word. At the WHEN, OH, WHEN w~ IT END? Examiner suggests a "belt stamp" program same time we will be supporting, hope­ Senator William Proxmlre of Wisconsin for bureaucrats who can't tighten their fully, other alternatives which may turn not long ago gave his "Golden Fleece" award budgets or harness their expensive piPe­ out to be much cheaper than nuclear to a government study of airline stew­ dreams. power. Certainly it is appropriate that ardesses measurements. The study cost $57,- after the next 5 years, and virtual dou­ 800, according to the senator who added, "It seems like a bust to me." bling of the size of the industry, we can A disbeliever, we sent to our favorite Con­ WITCH HUNT VICTIMS say enough protection is enough. Let nu­ gressman for a copy of the study. Yes, it clear power be placed squarely in the eXists, and yes there is an in-depth study of middle of our free market system and let stewardesses and, would you believe, the dis­ HON. LES AuCOIN it sink or swim as it may. tance from their chins to their ears and the OF OREGON I am concerned that we are support­ like. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing economic distortion in regard to in­ The award went to the Federal Aviation vestments in energy, that is, if Price­ Administration for accomplishing the statis­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 tics on 423 young women, ostensibly for the Anderson is extended for 10 more years design of safety equipment. And since you, Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, we look and the expectation is that it might be the taxpayer, spent $57,800, you are entitled back on the Joe McCarthy witch hunts extended even beyond that period, then to know that the stewardesses waistlines of the 1950's with a sense of disbelief capital might go into nuclear until at range from 21 to 28 inches, their weights that such things could happen in the some future time we might go back and from 94 to 145 pounds. Get your money's United States. Fortunately, the atmos­ say this was a misallocation of resources, worth? phere in our Nation has changed to the which might better have gone into other A recent letter from a man in Goshen better and innocent people are no longer energy sources-coal or solar technol­ who wrote to us giving his view of claimed being victimized as the result of guilt by expenditures of $151,000 a year for senators ogies for examples-but we helped per­ free "smlling" photos which home-town association or by harmless indiscretion. petuate the misallocation. newspapers get regularly. Advising taxpayers Unfortunately, two of the victims of The more prudent course would be to to wake up, he advises of a $350,000 study those troubled times still suffer unfairly phase out public support to allow as to determine that 48 per cent of people be­ from events that were well beyond their much free marketplace allocation as we lleve in the devil. His figures are uncon­ control. Hamish Scott MacKay and Wil­ can. I do not advocate terminating the firmed but, in light of confirmed ones, we liam Mackie, both Americans for as long Price-Anderson protection now because wouldn't be surprised if they were true. as they can rememoe1·, have been exiled Proxmire has also flayed the National Sci­ there is so much money and planning ence Foundation for such esoteric studies from what they rightly regard to be their going into the nuclear industry today as that on what is "passionate love." The native country under circumstances that under the assumption of public protec­ foundation's director has stated that it never are highly questionable and would not tion that it would work havoc in the engages in frivolous research. Some of their have been possible except for the circum­ marketplace to cease the protection too projects: $174,000 to determine why humans stances of birth. abruptly and it would work an injustice and monkeys clench their teeth; $40,000 for William Mackie was brought to the on investors; an orderly phaseout is a report on spiders; $36,500 for research of United States while a few months old necessary to give investors the opportu­ the long learning evolution of parasitic and Hamish MacKay was born of Amer­ finches. nity to rationally compare the invest­ If you haven't called your local library to ican parents while they lived in Canada. ment attractiveness as between energy reserve your reading of "The Federal Rat­ Both of these men live as exiles and sources. hole" by UP! reporter Donald Lambro, run seem destined to die, lonely and bitter, Mr. Speaker, the principle of Price­ don't walk. Lambro is angry about govern­ far from their families and from what Anderson is phase out of Government ment pro:fl1gacy and contends that at least they consider to be their home, unless support. We have had 20 years of sup­ $25 billion 1n taxpayers' money could be the Members of this Congress are willing saved by abolishing 50 federal programs and to to port; this bill proposes another 10. Last agencies that sponsor such as the following: show compassion and reverse a de­ year the House passed a final bill extend­ $31,912 to microfilm the principal archives cision that never should have been made ing the act for only 5 years. It was vetoed of Malta; in the first place and almost certainly on a technicality having nothing to do $300,000 for a study of sex role learning; has caused suffering far in excess of any with the 5-year extension. I believe this $103,000 for a study of the learning d11!er­ wrong that may have been committed. length extension is again appropriate. ences between infants and toddlers; Along with my three colleagues from December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38245 Oregon, I have introduced bills to permit frequently, hundreds of decent U.S. residents aby. A carpenter by trade, he was met at the William Mackie and Hamish Scott Mac­ were deported for their political views. Vancouver airport by members of Vancouver Under the McCarran Act, the list of un­ Local 452 of the Carpenters' Union, and by Kay to retwn to the United States and desirable organizations grew rapidly. Soon other trade unionists who had followed the to be with their families for their last some 300 groups were on the roster of the legal battles. He soon joined the union him­ years of life. I plead with my colleagues hunted. They included the Communist Party, self and although he is now over 70 he still to join with me in showing compassion of course, and a wide variety of labor, civil proudly carries his membership card and for these unfortunate victims of a na­ rights, and fraternal organizations as well. serves on the union's organizational commit­ tional mania that has been put far be­ Mackie and MacKay had been active in the tee. He is also an executive member of the hind us, and· to give these unfortunate workers' struggles of the 1930s. They were Burnaby Citizens' Association. men a few years of peace and happiness ordered deported on charges of membership Still, it's not like being home. On rare in the Workers' Alliance of America, and in occasions during· these 15 years MacKay has in what they rightly believe is their the Communist Party in the late 1930s. been granted "hardship permits" to visit his home. Both men denied Communist Party mem­ mother, now 95 years old. But a son would For a review of the facts in this case, bership, but did admit to having been in the like to make such visits more frequently, and I call your attention to an article enti­ Workers' Alliance. MacKay also stated that without all the red tape that such permits tled, "Exiles, Like Bills, Languish," which he had been a member of two other "named" require. And he would like to see his children appeared recently in the Willamette groups, the American League Against War at will, and to frolic with his grandchildren Week, a Portland, Oreg., publication: and Fascism, and the International Labor and their children. Defense. In any case, according to the gov­ This year, the hope Mackie expressed on EXILES, LIKE BILLS, LANGUISH ernment's own charges, the alleged Com­ leaving the United States has been rekindled (By Phoebe L. Friedman) munist Party membership had ended in 1940 for him and MacKay. In June, Hatfield and On Nov. 18, 1960, a few minutes before 9 for Mackie, and in 1941 for MacKay, and the all four of Oregon's congressional representa­ am, William Mackie, 52, who had lived all but other organizations named in the charges tives introduced bills to permit Mackie and the first 10 months of his life in the United had long been defunct by the time proceed­ MacKay to return home. But the bills, S 1894 States, stood at the departure gate at Port­ ings against MacKay and Mackie were begun. and S 1895 in the Senate and HR 7941 and land International Airport and told a re­ The legal battles were carried to the HR 7942 in the House, presently lie without porter: "I hope the American people will Supreme Court, where in a 5 to 4 decision action in the judiciary committees of the two bring me home very soon. This is my Mackie's deportation was upheld. Although houses. Peter Rodino of New Jersey chairs country." the case was fought in Mackie's name, the the House Judiciary Committee, James East­ Then, his farewells said, he turned away defeat served to decide MacKay's case as well. land of Mississippi heads the Senate com­ from his solemn 80-year-old father and his A last-minute appeal for a stay in the pro­ mittee. It will take a lot of letters from a lot sobbing sisters and young niece, and walked ceedings, which would have allowed Sen. of people to get those bills out onto the floor through the heavy rain to the plane. The gov­ Wayne Morse time to introduce private bills of their respect!ve houses. ernment of the United States, asserting that which he had readied for the upcoming ses­ In his dissenting opinion to the Supreme organizations to which Mackie had once be­ sion of Congress in January, was turned Court decision which upheld the deporta­ longed were subversive, was deporting him down by federal court Judge Gus Solomon. tions 15 years ago, Justice William 0. Douglas to Finland, a land he didn't remember, whose In a statement this June on the floor of said: "A man who has lived here for every language he couldn't speak, and where he the U.S. Senate, Mark Hatfield referred to meaningful month of his entire life should knew not a soul. Mackie and MacKay as "happenstance not be sent into exUe for acts which his rec­ Later that same day another, more emo­ aliens" and the phrase is an apt one. ord reveals were utterly devoid of any sinis­ tional, deportation took place at the Port­ Bill Mackie was born in Finland in 1908 ter implicaltion." Having done just that, can land Airport. Hamish Scott MacKay, 55, who while his parents were on a visit there. this nation finally reverse itself? like Mackie had lived most of his life in the Several months later he was brought back to United States, paid taxes, reared a family, the United States and lived here until his served in the armed forces, was being shipped deportation 51 years later. He served in the off to Canada. He too had once belonged to Army in World War n, was married here and organizations considered subversive in 1960. raised a stepson from infancy. He was the BUCHWALD AND THE SOVIET McKay's departure had been scheduled for only one of his parents' five children who AGRICULTURE 7:40pm, but that flight was delayed. There­ was born outside the United States. fore, 45 minutes ahead of schedule, and with Hamish MacKay was born of American his family and friends just gathering at the parents in Canada in 1905, but moved back airport, MacKay was hustled to another plane to the United States with his family when he HON. PAUL FINDLEY to enable him to make his connecting flight was still in his teens. He married here, reared OF ILLINOIS a. family, and served in the National Guard. in Seattle. Anna Belle, his wife, was paged IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and managed to get to the gate in time for a Both he and Mackie made efforts over the hurried embrace, but by the time his sons, years to acquire citizenship, but their appli­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 25-year-old James and 17-year-old Ronald, cations never made it to the "final papers" arrived after a mad dash from the other end stage. Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, m any of of the terminal, MacKay was gone. Ronald, The 15 years of exUe have been difficult us in the Congress have discussed the then a Sunset High School senior, was so up­ for both men, but Mackie has sufi'ered most importance and method of handling set that as he turned from the gate he hit his keenly. Even the initial trip to Finland was grain sales to Russia. We have not often head on the brick wall and would have col­ a hard one for him. At the London airport, addressed the question of why Russia lapsed if friends had not caught him. where Mackie was to connect with a Finn has recently become a large interna­ Mackie and MacKay were victims of the Air Lines flight to Helsinki, the plane's de­ tional purchaser of grains. Mr. Buch­ McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950 and parture was delayed, and Mackie was held in the 1952 McCarran-Walter Immigration Act, jail for 23 hours before he could finally fly wald's recent column "Detente With a both products of the anti-Communist fever to Helsinki. There he was met by a newsman Grain of Salt" is a humorous reminder of which carried senators Joe McCarthy and who had followed the case from afar. the differences between the Soviet and Richard M. Nixon to fame. Indeed, Nixon had He must have appeared a pathetic figure. American system of agricultural produc­ been co-sponsor of an earlier blll, the Mundt­ One report stated: " . . . now he is here-a tion. I commend your thoughts to this Nixon BUl of 1948, which failed to pass, but man without papers or chattels--a penniless version of why the Russians are inter­ many of whose provisions were later incorpo­ refugee in a borrowed coat amidst wintry ested in American agricultural produc­ rated in the McCarran Act. frosts and blizzards." One of the newsmen tion: The McCarran Act established a Subver­ took Mackie into his home for a few days, sive Activities Control Board (SACB) to in­ until he could locate a distant cousin and [From the Washington Post, Nov. 2, 1975] vestigate and list organizations considered make plans for piecing together a new life. MY DEAR COMRADES, DoN'T TAKE DETENTE politically undesirable. Such organizations A painter by trade, Mackie eventually was WITH A GRAIN OF SALT were required to register with the federal able to find enough work to support himself (By Art Buchwald) in Finland, but his life has been a lonely one, government. It must be a terrible blow to the Soviet The McCarran-Walter Act provided for and he has yearned to return to the land he government to explain to their people that deporting allens alleged to be members of still calls home. He has made three trips to they have had to buy American wheat and groups required to register. The registration Canada, seeking landed immigrant status, to corn from the United States because their requirements of the McCarran Act have since be closer to his remaining relatives in the agricultural plans have failed. been judged unconstitutional and have been United States. Each time, Canada has in­ But they're probably up to it. repealed, and the SACB finally passed out of sisted on his return to Finland. Let us go to a Soviet school and listen in existence, after years of expensive inactivity, MacKay, 1n Canada, has fared better. His on a class. when then-President Nixon faUed to ask for wife, Anna Belle, moved up to the Vancouver "All right, Comrade Children. Today we funding for it In 1973. But all through the area shortly after his deportation, and to­ shall talk about food. Who is the greatest '50s, when these two laws were applied most gether they established a new home in Burn- agricultural country in the world?" 38246 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 Class in unison: "Soviet Union, Comrade deeply alarming problem confronting goods area, the prognosis is for a somewhat Teacher." America's specialty steel industry today. quicker recovery as expenditures increase for "That's good. Now we Will discuss Sput- Mr. Eugene A. March, group vice presi­ pollution control faciU.ties and energy sup­ nik." plies and as industry responds to the need "Comrade Teacher." dent of Colt Industries, Inc., recently for longer-life, more cost efficient plant and "What is it, Comrade Ivan"?" discussed the decline in the demand for equipment. "Why, if Soviet Union is greatest agri­ specialty steels at the American Metal Inventory decumulation has progressed "to cultural country in the world do we buy Market's Steel Forum in New York. Mr. the point that sales vs. inventory ratios at wheat and grain from the United States?" March persuasively points out that this the retail level seem to be in balance. The "I'm glad you asked that question, you decline is due to two factors: First, the sales-inventory ratio at the manufacturing little bourgeois counterrevolutionary Maoist. present state of our economy; and sec­ level is approaching balance, with the bal­ The reason we are buying wheat and corn ond, the increasing growth in imports of ance better at the finished goods than at the and grain from the United States is because raw material shge. At the steel service cen­ of detente. Our leader Comrade Brehznev is specialty steel to the United States. For ter and steel mill level, sales and inventories bringing peace to the world by accepting cap­ example, during the first 8 months of are still not in balance; but balance is in italist surplus food which we don't need. this year, imports took 22 percent of the sight. Detente in English means 'to buy grain.' " domestic stainless steel market, 70 per­ The prognosis for the imports situation is "Comrade Teacher, why does the United cent of the stainless wire rod market, and dependent almost entirely on two factors: States have a surplus of wheat and grain and 60 percent of the stainless steel wire first, world demand for specialty steels; and, corn?" market. second, action taken by the U.S. government "Because you stupid Ivan, the United to curb imports of specialty steels. States has no five year plan and they grow This decline in demand for America's World demand for specialty steels is pres­ more than they can eat. In Soviet Union we specialty steel has caused severe capital ently at a low ebb. Late last month, the Eu­ grow just enough food for everybody, so is shortages in this industry, which has ad­ ropean Economic Community asked the rest no waste. But the capitalists plant wheat versely affected employment in this sec­ of the world to trim its steel shipments to and corn whether they need it or not." tor of -the economy. Mr. March feels the Europe. A spokesman for the Common Mar­ "Why do they do this, Comrade Teacher?" enactment of a comprehensive capital ket Commission was quoted as saying that "Is simple. There is no state planning recovery system would do much to alle­ steel output in the nine-nation EEC was commission to tell them how much wheat viate the present capital shortage. Such a down 2·5 percent in May, June, and July of and grain they can grow. In Soviet Union we this year from the like months of 1974; and tell farmers how muab. wheat they should system would include a permanent in­ that prices were 35-to-45 percent lower than plant. The farmers don't grow a bushel more vestment tax credit, more rapid depre­ a year ago. Major Japanese steel producers than what the state planning commission ciation of plant and equipment at re­ are reported operating at 75 percent capacity, tells them. Now sit down and shut up, Ivan.'' placement costs, and provision for fast with further cutbacks planned. "But, Comrade Teacher, 1f state planning recovery of pollution control expendi­ If and when world demand increases, it commission tells Soviet farmers how much tures. Now is the time to look several can be expected that foreign producers will Wheat they can grow, and they grow enough months and years down the road for so­ sell more to their own markets and have less for everyone, what are we going to do with pressure from their governments to export the American wheat?" lutions to the decline in specialty steel to other markets, including the United "Eat it, you Trotskyite. We are going to production. I commend his views to the States. This will be true only 1f demand in eat the American gro.in to prove to the attention of my colleagues: their own markets is sufficiently great to United States that Communism will get fat MEETING THE DEMAND occupy their capacity and to offset the lure on capitalism's mistakes. Can we now dis­ (By Eugene A. March) of American markets. cuss Sputnik?" The United States represents to the foreign "Comrade Teacher, would it not be better A year ago at this time, the specialty steels producer the largest, freest, least restrictive to refuse to buy American wheat so they industry was still in the grips of a heady eu­ marketplace anywhere in the world. He can Will be stuck with it and then they will have phoria brought on by unprecedented demand ship product into this market and sell it at a depression and we can bury them?" for its products, solid gains in sales and earn­ prices below his cost of production, and "Ivan, you ask stupid questions. If we buy ings, a respectable return on equity, and fa­ despite rules to the contrary, at prices below American wheat the price of bread goes up cilities running in excess of their theoretical what he charges at home. He can systemati­ in the United States and then you have de­ capacities. cally, opportunistically, and constantly shift pression and finally comes the revolution." It was the stuff of which a steelman's his concentration from one product line to "But you said the United States has sur­ dreams are made, and we didn't want to be another as it suits his fancy and meets his plus of wheat." awakened. It was a great year, yes; but great objectives. "They do unless we buy it. Ivan, I don't only in comparison with the years that pre­ Because our overseas competitor is most want to send you to KGB office, so will you ceded it and the year that followed. probably publicly owned or subsidized, his stop asking so many rotten questions?" The point to keep in mind is that 1974 is objectives are usually those of his govern­ "I'm sorry, Comrade Teacher. I was only the kind of year this industry ought to have ment. It is the espoused policy of most steel­ asking for my mother.'' with a reasonable degree of consistency, the producing nations to protect their own in­ "Why were you asking for your mother?" kind of year it must have with consistency dustries and to invade world markets with "Because she said she couldn't buy me any if it is to generate the funds needed to rein­ the objectives of maintaining full employ­ bread for lunch." vest in its own future and achieve the return ment at home, maximizing foreign currency "Is nonsense that your mother couldn't on equity necessary to attract outside invest­ earnings, modernizing their own industry buy bread when Soviet Union has had an­ ment. facilities, and expanding their production other bumper crop of grain. Let me see the The signs were there in the latter months capacity. . hands of anyone else in the class whose of 1974 that demand levels and ca;pacity Because he is an instrument of his govern­ mothers couldn't buy bread this morning? shortages were easing. I recall vividly the ment's politico-economic policy and because . . . Put down your hands you fools I Do reaction when one of our division presidents, he functions under a different economic sys­ you want to get us all arrested?" whose business is highly responsive to de­ tem, the overseas producer does not play by "What should I tell my mother, Comrade mand in durable goods, injected an unwel­ the same rules of the game as his American Teacher?" come note of caution at a management meet­ competitor. If it suits his government's ob­ "Tell her what our great leader Comrade ing in mid-October. The slow-down in new jectives, he need not earn a profit on the Lenin's wife said when she was told the orders he was already experiencing began for products he sells in the U.S. marketplace. He people had no bread.'' the steel industry soon thereafter and has can charge below book price when supply "What was that, Comrade Tee.cher?" continued through most of 1975. Despite the exceeds demand and premium prices when " 'Let them eat cake.' " high level of industry backlogs at the be­ shortages exist. ginning of the year, industry shipments 1n He can offer special discounts, negotiate 1975 will be down. Steel consumption is a long-term contract at a guaranteed price, down. Steel users have been working off in­ or do whatever is necessary to make a sale­ A CLOSE LOOK AT AMERICA'S SPE­ ventories. And steel imports are up and tak­ without concern for making a profit. ms CIALTY STEEL INDUSTRY ing an increasing share of a decreased domes­ government provides low-cost loans and fast tic market. write-downs of capital expenditures, fac­ I don't think anyone expected the reces­ tors his receivables and inventories, subsi­ HON. RICHARD H. ICHORD sion to be as widespread as it is, go as long dizes his losses and grants a variety of ex­ as it has and as deep as it has, or the recov­ port incentives. While he invades other mar­ OF MISSOURI ery to be a.s slow a.s it is. The prognosis for kets, his government erects effective bar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES continued economic recovery is, at best, riers against import penetration of and for­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 gradual. eign investment in his home market. This is true in the consumer goods area Where governments permit, encourage or Mr. !CHORD. Mr. Speaker, I would like and in consumer durables, including trans­ even require rationalization of facilities, to call the attention of my colleagues to a portation and housing starts. In the capital there are enormous advantages of scale. Com- December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38247 petition in the U.S. marketplace is very often and petrochemical processing, food and Bearing strongly upon our ability to meet not company-to-company or industry-to-in­ beverage processing, housing, and household future demand, however, are a number of dustry, but industry-to-nation. Not all of the appliances. factors largely beyond our direct control. circumstances I describe apply to all na­ These demand pressures are among the These include: tions, but the pattern is characteristic of in­ factors behind the projections by economists 1. Continued availabillty of raw materials, ternational trade in specialty steels. of a. domestic, in fact a. worldwide, steel particularly the alloying elements so essen­ There are, on the other hand, some factors shortage in the years ahead. It is estimated tial to specialty steels production. that are helping to diminish the advantages that consumption of steel mill products in 2. An adequate and uninterrupted supply of the foreign producer. He no longer enjoys the United States will increase to some 132 of energy with which to run our mills. the built-in price advantage of a fixed in­ million tons per year by 1980, with the capac­ 3. An effective curb on specialty steels ternational monetary system in which an un­ ity shortfall in this country something on imports. dervalued currency acts as an export sub­ the order of 23 percent or 30 million tons. 4. A sustained level of earnings and a re­ sidy and an import tariff. World wide, it is estimated that steel­ turn on equity sufficient to invest in our own Following the devaluations of the U.S. making capacity will be slightly over one future and to attract outside investment dollar in 1971 and :973, there was an up­ blllion tons by 1980, with an estimated capital. ward revaluation of the Japanese yen, the capacity shortfall of some 75 million tons. 5. Provision in the nation's tax structure German mark, and other currencies. Since Steelmaking capacity will be added in the for effective investment incentives for both then, the floating exchange rate has effec­ next five years in all of the present steel­ individuals and industry. tively neutralized the price advantage that producing nations, and may also very well The capital formation problem about had accrued to nations with undervalued be added in such energy-rich and raw-mate­ which so much has been said and written in currencies. rials-rich areas as the Middle East, Venezuela, recent months is not simply a problem for Wage rates in other countries have been Bra.zll, and Mexico. business and industry. It is a national prob­ increasing, and inflation rates in many coun­ Measured against anticipated 1980's de­ lem affecting every institution and every tries are higher than in the United States. mand and in view of the time it takes to individual in America; for without adequate Both of these factors have tended to lessen bring new capacity on stream, steel industry capital investment in American industry, we the competitive advantages of the overseas capital expenditures must exceed $3 billion are starving the productive sector of the U.S. producer. a year to add needed capacity, replace ob­ economy from which emanates jobs and job In this country, the increase in the Invest­ solete equipment, and meet air and water stability, improved productivity, the real ment Tax Credit from seven percent to 10 quality standards. wealth of the nation, and the wherewithal percent and the support that appears to be Let me sum up the near-term situation. for continued social progress. building in the Congress for extending or On the negative side is the overriding fact Needed for the national good is a shift in making it permanent at that level will con­ that the economic and financial world may basic philosophy and tax policy from the tribtue to increased confidence in the busi­ now be different than in any period in our present emphasis on distribution of income ness community and encourage investment recent history. Energy shortages and ma­ to more emphasis on the creation of income. in modern, cost-reducing equipment. terial shortages may or may not be resolved. Tax laws affecting individuals should be so And, finally, passage by the Congress of Inflation here and abroad may or may not structured as to encourage and stimulate the Trade Act of 1974 and its signing into be contained. Capital formation may or may savings and investment by individuals so law in January of this year provides, we not be sufficient for the needs of industry. that they can participate as both jobholders hope, the vehicle by which imports of speci­ Imports may or may not be adequately and shareholders in the economic system. alty steels can be held to a fair and reason­ curbed. When I speak of these problems, I This will require basic changes in the tax able level. As it was pointed out in the am concerned as much about the impact laws affecting individual savings, dividends, Escape Clause petition filed with the Inter­ upon our ~ustomers as upon our industry. and capital gains. national Trade Commission on July 16, the On the positive side is the fact that in­ Similarly, tax law affecting American busi­ level of 1975 specialty steels imports is any­ ventory decumulation is well on the way to ness and industry must be so structured as thing but fair and reasonable. completion, although the situation varies by to nurture, not starve the income-creating During the first eight months of this product and by company. Despite the level sector of the national economy. There is now year, imports took 22 percent of the stain­ of economic activity, there is a basic and no provision in our tax law for an integrated, less steel market, 70 percent of the stainless growing need for specialty steels in energy effective capital recovery system. Such a sys­ wire rod market, 60 percent of the stainless production, mining, chemical processing, tem would include a. permanent investment steel wire market, and 30 percent of the tool pollution control, transportation, and food tax credit, more rapid depreciation of plant steel market. and beverage processing. The technology and and equipment at replacement costs, and Documenting injury in terms of lost jobs, equipment in our domestic industry has kept provision for fast recovery of pollution con­ reduced sales and earnings, and a decreasing abreast of or exceeds that of any other na­ trol expenditures. viability of an essential industry-the peti­ tion of the world. And we have right here in Enactment of a. comprehensive capital re­ tion seeks immediate mandatory quotas our own country the largest, most sophisti­ covery system would do much to alleviate based on historic share of market and the cated, freest market in the world. the capital shortage by more completely and negotiation of orderly marketing agreements In assessing our ability to meet the de­ more rapidly recycling the avallable capital that would prohibit dumping and predatory mand for specialty steels through 1980, we for reinvestment. The impact on the econ­ pricing. Under the Escape Clause provision must keep in mind the fact that, from con­ omy would be substantial in terms of higher of the 1974 Trade Act, the International ception to operation, major new equipment employment, greater productivity, economic Trade Commission has six months from the installation requires something on the order growth, and federal revenue. date of filing to determine the extent of of two ye:us in our industry. Yet, in the pe­ Each of the five factors I cite is beyond our injury and recommend to the President a riod 1972 through 1974, the growth in ship­ direct individual control as business ma~­ course of action. Testimony by both sides ments of stainless steel offer a good and agers. But as knowledgeable and involved has been heard by the Commission and its convincing example of the industry's ability citizens and constituents, we can affect their decision ls due on January 16. to respond to rapidly increasing demand. In outcome by letting our views be known to This petition is the largest ever filed with 1972, the U.S. industry shipped 855,000 tons our representatives in Washington who are the Commission, affecting as it would some of stainless in all forms; in 1973, 1,134,000 in a position to make the decisions. I urge 65 specialty steels products and 25 export­ tons; and in 1974, 1,345,000 tons. Thus, the each of you to do just that. ing countries; and it is the first significant increase in shipments in the two years 1973 What must evolve from our efforts is an test of the new Trade Act. There is a great and 1974 was 490,000 tons, or 57 percent. understanding among our legislators that deal riding on its .outcome, including the In spite of this, there were shortages in foreign governments act in concert with the ability of the specialty steels industry to 1974 in some product forms. There is, how­ needs of their industries. Our country must meet future demand. ever, serious question as to the reason tur do likewise-not through a managed econ­ It is only a little more than a year ago these shortages. To what degree were they omy or government subsidy, but by rethink­ that this nation's overriding economic con­ the result of price controls skewing the prod­ ing priorities and eliminating the adversary cern was for the materials and production uct mix? Or the result of a reduction of im­ relationship between government and indus­ capacity shortages that were apparent in ports as foreign producers found other mar­ try. We need to seek out the areas of com­ virtually every basic American industry. The kets more attractive than ours? Or the result mon interest rather thran to look only at rapid fall in demand suddenly and almost of past import penetration tempering U.S. areas of conflict. In many industries, unions completely obscured those shortages. But expansion? Or, most importantly, the result and managements have achieved that rela­ even with a recession in full force, production of scare buying and hoarding, causing the tionship; so should government and busi­ capacity shortages were apparent in agri­ apparent demand to exceed the aetna! de­ ness. Jobs in the industrial sector are more cultural, mining, transportation, and con­ mand. Let us hope that this combination of valuable to the national economy than ar~ struction equipment; and in such energy- factors ts never repeated. jobs in the publi-c sector. related industries as petroleum exploration Given an orderly growth in demand Most of our elected and appointed office­ and refining and electric power generation. rather than a super-heated explosion and holders in Washington a:re sincerely inter­ Capacity shortages also continue to exist given the absence of aberrations caused by P"-t:ed in the welfare of the nation. Yet, the in a number of other basic industries where government actions, the specialty steels in­ -demands on their time are so great that they the recession is delaying the translation of dustry can be expected to meet the require­ find it impossible to be fully informed on all need into demand. These Jnclude chemical ments of its customers. subje-cts with which they must deal. They, 38248 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 therefore, need and welcome information mental right to exist on this planet, entitled basketball team, the Philadelphia Atoms and the views of their constituents. For us, to refuges where they can continue to live professional soccer team and Temple's foot­ this is both an opportunity and a responsi­ undisturbed by the rest of us. Many of us ball squad. b111ty. who may never see a wild wolf or moose free "We feel it is imperative that this prob­ in its natural environment find it somehow lem he accurately defined and to do this we reassuring to know that they are there. need to know numbers and other pertinent Non-hunters have rights, too. Our native information regarding the nature of the in­ OPPOSITION TO AERIAL WOLF HUNT wildlife belongs to us as much as it does to jury and the way it occurred. Right now the hunters, and our wish to preserve the there is no existing data collecting system, wild creatures, and to relieve human-induced so we are assuming the responsibility be­ HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST pressures upon them should be listened to by cause we bel1eve this problem must be OF VIRGINIA those in government with at least as much solved." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES respect as is the hunters' wish to kill. Assisting Dr. Torg in collecting the data. Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 Studies of wolves have established conclu­ are Dr. Raymond Truex, Jr., assistant pro­ sively that they are loyal and loving mates, fessor of neurosurgery, and Theodore Que­ Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, the wise and devoted parents, and that within denfeld, associate director of the Sports following letter was called to my atten­ the pack there is affection, discipline, and Medicine Center. tion by Ms. Araby Colton, editor of the highly intell1gent cooperative behavior. A Dr. Torg indicated the need for the regis­ Howl, a monthly newsletter for the world without wolves would be a poorer place, try was dramatically pointed out when two and t h ere are not many wolves left. young men were admitted within a week to preservation of wolves, coyotes, and all The projected illegal aerial hunting of Temple University Hospital suffering total wildlife which is published in Carmel wolves which 1s imminent in Alaska would paralysis caused by neck injuries sustai.ned Valley, Calif. be a moral and ecological disaster. I most while playing football. One was a Rhode The letter was written by Ms. Priscilla respectfully urge you to stop it. Island University player injured making a Nesbit, who is a teacher ir. the Carmel, Sincerely yours, tackle in a. game against Temple. The other Calif., school system, and it is a thought­ PRISCll.LA NESBIT, was a teenager playing with friends in a. pick­ ful presentation of the issues involved in up game. the proposed aerial wolf hunt in Alaska. The information being sought involves I am pleased to share it with my col­ head and neck injuries occurring at all levels TEMPLE UNIVERSITY TO RECORD of tackle football that: leagues: Require hospitalization for more than 72 CARMEL, CALIF. DATA ON FOOTBALL NECK IN­ JURIES hours. Hon. GERALD FoRD, Require surgery. President of the United States, The Whtte Result in permanent paralysis. House, Washington, D.C. Involve fractures or dislocations. DEAR PRESIDENT FORD: I am writing to pro­ HON. J{; SHUA EILBERG Result in death. test as strongly as I am able against the OF PENNSYLVANIA Anyone with information of these injuries proposed hunting of wolves in Alaska's Game IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES occurring between 1971 and 1975 are asked to Units 5, 13, and 20. The Alaska Dept. of Fish contact: Football Head and Neck Injury & Game proposed a permanent change in the Tuesday, December 2, 1975 Registry, Temple University Center for Sports hunting regulations for these three game Medicine, 34()1 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, units, instituting aerial hunting by plane and Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, this year the number of injuries to football play­ Pa. 19140. helicopter for periods to be determined at Dr. Torg said the information should in­ the discretion of the Commissioner. The ers appears to have reached epidemic clude the name of the injured player, his number of wolves to be taken is also to be proportions. school or organization, the nature of the determined at the discretion of the Com­ These injuries have not been confined injury and when it occurred. missioner. I understand that in Unit 13 all to National Football League quarter­ "We strongly suspect this is a very serious wolves are to be killed, from helicopters. What backs who have been receiving virtually problem," Dr. Torg said, "and we want to be the "sport" hunters want, the "sport" hun­ able to document the magnitude of the ters get, with a total disregard of ecological all of the attention of the media. There are a growing number of injuries to col­ problem in order to stop the use of the head sanity and of the minimum standards of as the primary assault weapon in football." sportsmanship. Where is the sportsmanship lege and high school athletes and an in chasing terrified animals with a hellcopter alarming proportion of these involve the and gunning them down from the air with head and neck. no chance of escape? In response to this situation the Tem­ The hunters blame the wolves because ple University Center for Sports Medi­ THE SHORTAGE OF NATURAL GAS there aren't as many moose in the Fairbanks cine and Science has established the Na­ area as there used to be. It is convenient to ignore the effect on the moose population of tional Registry for Football Head and such human pressures as a tremendous in­ Neck Injuries. HON. LEE H. HAMILTON crease in the human population with an at­ At this time I enter into the RECORD OF INDIANA tendant great increase in hunting, plus ten a copy of the announcement of the es­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years of hunting of female moose permitted tablishment of the Registry issued by the Tuesday, December 2, 1975 by the Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game. Wolves Temple University Health Sciences Cen­ kill their prey-moose, or whatever is avail­ ter. It is my hope that my colleagues Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I in­ able--because, like people, they must eat will distribute copies of this announce­ clude my Washington Report of Novem­ to survive. They do not kill for fun, and ber 19, 1975, entitled, "The Shortage of they do not waste what they kill. It takes ment to athletic officials throughout people to do those things. In nature there is their districts: Natural Gas": a stable and healthy balance between preda­ TEMPLE UNIVERSITY TO RECORD DATA ON FOOT­ THE SHORTAGE OF NATURAL GAS tors and prey. Man comes along and upsets BALL NECK INJURIES This winter the nation faces its most the balance--and blames the predators. "Get Plin.ADELPHIA.-An increasing awareness severe shortage of natural gas as supplies are rid of the wolves" cry the hunters, and the of paralyzing t.njurtes to football players has expected to fall far below antictpM;ed de­ Dept. of Fish and Game lets them have the prompted the esta.bUshment of The National mand in many parts of the country. fun of doing it, from helicopters. Registry for Football Head and Neck Injuries Most experts, but not all, believe that a How does Alaska get away with such a at Temple University Center for Sports Med­ significant shortage appears certain this year, brazen violation of federal law? Aerial hunt­ icine and Science. wtth the extent of the shortage depending ing was banned in the United States by Dr. Joseph Torg, director of the Center on the severity of the weather, the vigor of P.L. 92-159. Why is this law not enforced in and assistant professor of orthopedics a.t the economy, and governmental action. A Alaska as elsewhere? Hunting of any animal Temple University School of Medicine, said shortage of naitural gas must be viewed as a. from aircraft, especially from helicopters, is the purpose of the registry is to get data. to serious matter because it threatens plant outrageous, totally indefensible, and illegal. the National Collegiate Athletic Association closings and increased unemployment a.t a. The time has come for the States and the to support rule changes to protect the head t1Ine when the nation 1s seeking economic federal government to realize that sport hun­ and spinal column from undue abuse. recovery. ters are a very small percentage of American "Over the past 10 weeks we have become Natural gas accounts for one-third of the citizens. There is an ever-increasing number aware that six young men in New Jersey to1Jal energy used in the United States. It is of people deeply concerned about the pres­ and the Philadelphia area have sustained the most desirable fuel, because lt is cheap sures against which wildlife must struggle neck fractures and dislocations resulting in and clean. It is used in 40 million homes, 3.5 for survival, pressures caused by human be­ paralysis of the arms and legs, and one young million commercial establishments, and more ings. There is a growing awareness that man was kllled," said Dr. Torg, who also 1s than 200,000 industrial plants. It is the ma­ wolves and all other wildlife have a ronda- team physician to the Philadelphia 76ers Jor source of energy for U.S. industry and December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38249 provides heat for more than one-half of the but there is room for -adjustment and com­ governed by a national board of senior nation's homes. promise. The outlook is either for deregula­ members with a CAP brigadier general Many reasons are given for the present tion of prices, phased-in over a. period of as its national commander. National shortage of natural gas: restricted produc­ months, or continued regulation with a pro­ headquarters is located at Maxwell Air tion caused by oil companies withholding vision for higher prices. The one certainty natural gas supplies until prices go up, con­ appears to be higher prices for the nation's Force Base, Ala. sumer insistence for low prices without re­ most desirable fuel. Today, Civil Air Patrol members no gard to future supplies, over-regulation by longer fly coastal patrol missions, watch­ the government, soaring demand caused by ing for Nazi submarines along America's low prices, and concern for the environment. coastline. Nor does it fly any border pa­ Whatever the reasons for the shortage, the HAPPY ANNIVERSARY, CIVIL AIR trol missions, alert for spies and sabo­ Federal Energy Administration estima,tes the PATROL teurs trying to slip into the country, nor country will be about 15% short of na,tura.l antiaircraft target-towing missions. gas this year. The Federal Power Commission regulates But it has other tasks which it per­ about two-thirds of the supply of natural HON. LESTER L. WOLFF forms voluntarily, for the good of the gas used in the country which flows through OF NEW YORK Nation. These are performed without interstate pipelines at an average wellhead IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pay, and quite often without thanks. As price of about 35¢ per thousands cubic feet, to the pay, Civil Air Patrol members although new interstate gas is now selling Tuesday, December 2, 1975 often dig into their own pockets for for about 52¢. Most of the remainlng gas Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, this week, equipment, for transportation, and for which is sold within a state (intrastate gas) is not subject to price controls, and its price December 1-7, Civil Air Patrol is cele­ the opportunity to serve. ranges from 75¢ to $1.25 per thousand cubic brating its 34th anniversary, completing Civil Air Patrol is probably best known feet. more than a third of a century of serv­ for its air search and rescue operations The shortfall of gas will hit states on the ice to the Nation. As commander of the at which it is expert. It is the only civilian east coast particularly hard. Indiana will Congressional Squadron of CAP, I would group organized nationwide and probably fare better than many states with like to share with my colleagues some equipped for such a task. Today it is an expected shortfall of about eight percent. thoughts on the importance of Civil Air responsible for approximately 80 percent Overall, the shortage in Indiana this winter should be a little worse than last year. Patrol. of all Air Force-authorized flying hours In the Ninth District shortages will vary This worthy organization, composed spent on inland air search and rescue from one area to another, depending largely now as it was then of civilian volunteers, missions in the United States. on the amount of gas available to local gas was organized December 1, 1941, 6 days Civil Air Patrol's early records are companies. Residential and small commercial before the Japanese attack on Pearl sketchy and incomplete; so, no one knows customers should be able to get gas, although Harbor. At that time, it was an element for sure just how many lives it has saved some industrial customers may not be able of America's civilian defense forces. In over the years. However, the number runs to get all the gas they need. Some gas com­ panies will have a greater shortage than a way, it still is-since it is still associ­ into the hundreds. The highest number others, but in each case gas is delivered to ated with America's civil defense agen­ of lives saved in recent years is 68, a rec­ customers on an elaborate priority schedule cies. ord set in 1968. set by the Federal Power Commission which During World... War II, Civil Air Pa­ Civil Air Patrol flew 460 Air Force­ places residential users fil·st in line. trol-often abbreviated CAP-won its authorized missions in 1974, putting in The critics of regulated prices for natural wings by performing a variety of tasks 21,773 hours flying time and saving 36 gas, including the producers of the gas and to help win the war. These tasks in­ lives. many independent economists, contend that cluded coastal patrol mission, patrol the artificially low prices have wastefully in­ As of November 16, the volunteers had creased consumption and decreased supply along the Mexican border, courier and flown 608 Air Force-authorized missions by discouraging the development of new liaison flights, target-towing for anti­ in 1975 putting in 21,135 hours flying sources. These critics contend that deregula­ aircraft gunners, and a variety of others. time ar{d saving the lives of 49 individ­ tion would not increase prices very much for These civilian airmen, most of them uals. the consumer, in part because most gas ineligible for the armed forces, or other­ Civil Air Patrol also responds nation­ would still be under contract at old prices wise unable to serve, flew millions of wide to such disasters as tornadoes, hur­ and the new prices would be felt only grad­ miles on these wartime missions, using ually. The Federal Energy Administration ricanes, snowstorms, forest fires, floods, estimates the average household's yearly gas their own light airplanes, and giving earthquakes, and many other kinds of bill with deregulation would increase about their time, talent, and money for the emergencies, assisting with rescue and 6.2% in 1976, rising to about 12% by 1980. Nation's good. Some of them gave their relief-and helping with the cleanup Those who oppose the deregulation of nat­ lives. when the emergency is over. ural gas prices point out that the regulated To keep alive this worthy organization Every year, Civil Air Patrol members price has almost doubled in the last few after the war's end, the 79th Congress pitch in to help their fellowman, donat­ years, which they believe to be enough in an chartered Civil Air Patrol in 1946, as a economy struggling for recovery. They argue ing thousands of hours of their own time. that the industry is not a free market but a private, nonprofit, benevolent corpora­ Many times, the people helped don't even monopoly and that letting the marketplace tion under Public Law 476, charging it know Civil Air Patrol helped them. CAP set the price would lead to monopoly pricing with a number of humanitarian tasks uniforms resemble those of the Air Force and very high prices for the consumers. They to benefit the Nation. so much that people often think the help also contend that no one really knows how In 1948, the 80th Congress, through is coming from the military. much natural gas remains and that there Public Law 557, designated Civil Air Pa­ Other missions Civil Air Patrol per­ may not be enough to respond to the price trol a volunteer, civilian auxiliary o_f the forms are not so dramatic, but the bene­ increases. Most of the experts agree that the country U.S. Air Force and provided that the Air fits are often more long-range. These will probably have to live with a natural gas Force should render it some minimal include Civil Air Patrol's comprehensive shortage. The solution lies in conservation, support. cadet program and its aerospace educa­ new discoveries, and the development of sup­ Today, Civil Air Patrol consists of 8 tion program. plemental resources such as synthetic gas geographic regions which are sub­ Through its cadet program, CAP seeks made from liquid hydrocarbons, coal, and divided into 52 wings-one for each to develop within the cadets-teenagers heavy tars. State plus Puerto Rico and the District To deal with the shrinking natural gas sup­ from the seventh grade through 21 ply, I support a bill which would allow cus­ of Columbia. years-an understanding of the total im­ tomers to obtain gas wherever they could this The membership of Civil Air Patrol pact of aerospace on our society while winter, including from intrastate sources, includes 62,868 men and women, boys also providing training in leadership and where there is presently a surplus at a price and girls in 1,915 CAP units located in It three times the present regulated price. The citizenship. is a good program, which every section of the Nation. Included are will provide benefits for decades to come bill would permanently deregulate the price 35,399 senior-adul~members and 27,- of new natural gas but require that old nat­ 469 cadets from grade seven in school as these highly motivated, bright young ural gas remain under federal price controls through 21 years. These members, young people take their places-as leaders-in for residential users, thus shifting the cost communities across the Nation. burden of the more expensive new natural and old, spend their spare time helping gas to industrial users. others--and enjoying it. Helping motivate and train these The natural gas pricing debate is complex, The Civil Air Patrol Corporation is thousands of young people are hundreds 38250 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 of civilian ministers and clergymen who is restricted to advising and assisting the The measure would enable the Air serve as Civil Air Patrol chaplains. Civil organization in carrying out its congres­ Force to give CAP the additional support Air Patrol's chaplaincy corps is larger sionally chartered missions. it needs to further assist it in its human­ than that of the Air Force. These, like Public Law 557 also made Civil Air itarian missions. It, too, would cost other CAP members, serve without pay. Patrol eligible to receive excess equip­ money. But it would be money well spent. Incidentally, these cadets provide a ment and supplies from the Department The Air Force and the Nation would still continuing source of volunteer recruits of Defense. Over the years, CAP has re­ be getting a tremendous bargain. for the Air Force. By joining Civil Air ceived quantities of these materials, in­ So, briefly, that is what Civil Air Patrol Patrol, the cadets demonstrate their in­ cluding airplanes, but certain items of is all about. It is a unique organization terest in aerospace; the training they re­ equipment are in short supply due to the performing unique services for all o~ us. ceive in Civil Air Patrol further orients end of the Vietnam conflict, changing For 34 years, its volunteer members have them toward the Air Force or a career military roles, and the change in type gone their quiet way, asking nothing in aviation. equipment the military uses. much except the opportunity to serve, in The net result is that a relatively high Civil Air Patrol, for example, has no ways they enjoy. percentage of Civil Air Patrol cadets are use for obsolete jet and large transport One man, not a member, had some motivated to join the Air Force. For the aircraft. The small planes it has received kind words not too long ago about Civil record, an average of 6 percent of each are useful but it has cost the organiza­ Air Patrol's missiun. "Even if I get entering Air Force Academy class over tion many thousands of dollars to con­ killed," he said, "I still want somebody the past year has been former Civil Air vert them for civilian use as required by to care enough to look for me." Patrol cadets. FAA regulations. And after they are And, if you're ever lost in the wilder­ As a proponent of aerospace education modified for FAA airworthiness certifica­ ness, or if your plane is ever forced down for all Americans, Civil Air Patrol has tion, they are still old airplanes. miles and miles from nowhere, you are developed instructional materials for Some radios and related communica­ going to feel secure knowing that Civil aerospace education courses at all levels tions equipment are obtained from ex­ Air Patrol cares enough to be out there in the schools of the Nation and con­ cess military supplies; however, in some looking for you. tinues to seek the interest of educators cases when the military gets through They deserve more than a passing in such courses. In this connection, CAP with such equipment, it is obsolete and mention. They deserve our backing and each year helps sponsor teacher work­ is not of much value. Consequently, most our support. shops to train classroom teachers in of Civil Air Patrol's modern radio Happy anniversary, Civil Air Patrol. these subjects. equipment has been bought and paid for These programs help develop a con­ by its members. tinuing and growing public awareness That is the extent to which current of the importance of aviation and space law allows the Air Force to support CAP. GOLDSTEINS HONORED BY YAVNEH to the world. This can be of great benefit Not much, when you consider everything HEBREW ACADEMY to the Nation by building a backlog of involved. Most of Civil Air Patrol's support for a strong national posture in operating funds come from the member­ these fields. ship dues paid by those who are in it. HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN Briefly, that is what Civil Air Patrol Some States appropriate funds on a reg­ OF CALIFORNIA does. The question is: How is it able to ular basis for the support of Civil Air IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accomplish all this? Patrol units within their own borders. To provide a capability for air search Other funds come from interest on sav­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 and rescue and other emergency serv­ ings, individual donations, materials sold Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, on De­ ices, Civil Air Patrol has approximately by CAP bookstore, funds raised by indi­ cember 15, Alan and Adell Goldstein 700 corporate-owned light aircraft, a vidual units, and sale of DOD excess will be honored by the Yavneh Hebrew fleet of some 3,100 various types of ve­ equipment which has become unservice­ Academy of Los Angeles. The occasion hicles, and more than 17,000 radio sta­ able and useless to CAP requirements. is the academy's annual scholarship tions which are tied into a nationwide Civil Air Patrol is not the beneficiary dinner. This year's dinner is dedicated network to meet emergency demands. of any nationwide fund drive. Its funds to rl'J,ising funds for the education of In addition, more than 5,500 CAP are limited and sometimes it is hard­ almost 70 Russian emigre children now members own their own light aircraft pressed to keep up with its commitments. enrolled in the academy. which they use for Civil Air Patrol mis­ Actually, the Nation is getting a bar­ The educational needs of impover­ sions. More thousands use their own ve­ gain in Civil Air Patrol. Who can com­ ished immigrant students is a cause for hicles and privately owned radio equip­ pute the value, for example, of all the which the Goldsteins have very intense ment. lives it has saved over the years? Or the and personal feelings. Not so very long To help defray the costs involved in value of the property it has helped save ago Alan Goldstein and his brother flying Air Force-directed missions, the and salvage when disasters struck? Or David were themselves children whose Air Force is authorized under Public Law the worth of the young people it has mo­ immigrant family could not afford to 557 to reimburse -individual Civil Air tivated and inspired in the last 34 years? pay for the parochial school training Patrol members for fuel and lubricants Of course, it costs the Air Force some­ they wanted their sons to have. used and for communications costs while thing to operate Headquarters, CAP­ The Goldsteins were one of a mere participating in such Air Force-author­ USAF. The Air Force has to pay its peo­ handful of families who miraculously ized search and rescue missions, test ple who work with Civil Air Patrol. And escaped the fate that befell their fellow exercises, disaster relief missions, and it has to pay for that gas and oil those townspeople of Erzwelig, Lithuania dur­ civil defense missions. little airplanes use on Air Force-author­ ing the holocaust. Though they arrived In addition, Public Law 557, which ized missions. in Los Angeles penniless, and had a established Civil Air Patrol as an Air But CAP saves the Air Force and the meager income, they were determined to Force auxiliary, also authorized the Sec­ Nation millions of dollars every year on give their children the intense religious retary of the Air Force to assign person­ its search and rescue and other emer­ training and secular education available nel from the Department of the Air gency service missions. This is a fact. It ·only at a yeshivah-an orthodox Jewish Force to duty with Civil Air Patrol at would cost the Air Force and the Nation parochial school. The only institution national, region and wing-State-levels. millions more dollars if it had to do what that was willing to offer the Goldstein Currently, 97 officers, 106 enlisted per­ Civil Air Patrol does for it-and for all boys full scholarships was the Luba­ sonnel, and 70 civilians are authorized of us. vitcher Yeshivoth of New York. for this purpose. They are all assigned to We are getting a bargain. Since those early days the Goldstein U.S. Air Force-Civil Air Patrol and are There is another bill relating to Civil family has prospered in the rest home under the command of Air Force Brig. Air Patrol now before this Congress. It is and convalescent hospital field-a field Gen. Carl S. Miller. H.R. 5828, the Civil Air Patrol supply in which they were pioneers. Despite None of these Air Force personnel ex­ bill, which is now in the Armed Services their success, they have never forgotten ercises any direct control over the activi­ Committee. Congressman YoUNG intro­ their narrow escape from the Nazis or ties of Civil Air Patrol since their role duced the bill on April9, 1975. their difficult early years in this country. December 2, 19'7 5 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38251 They have been tremendously generous THE ELOQUENCE OF RABBI down. Their attacks upon the United States POLISH through the oil boycotts and in the United not only with the Lubavitcher move­ Nations are as shrill and vile as their attacks ment which befriended them, but with on Israel. Peace and detente mean only one numerous other religious and philan­ thing to them-a pause during which they thropic institutions. HON. AB I'~ E R J. MIKVA tighten the ring around America. They say The philanthropic work of the Gold­ OF ILLINOIS to America, "Hold still while we fasten the steins has been extended to institutions IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES noose". The West failed to listen in the in Israel and throughout the United Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 1930's. The fall of Ethiopia and then of Spain States as well as to deserving organiza­ and then of Czechoslovakia while the world Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, the dis­ stood still, was the beginn ing of the fall of tions in their home city of Los Angeles. Europe and of world peace. Since her marriage to Alan, Adell graceful United Nations General Assem­ bly resolution which equated Zionism What the Arab nations have not been able Goldstein has taken an extremely active to do in battle, they now try to do in the role in all the family's philanthropic ac­ with racism has been rightfully and U.N. They are trying to cancel out the deci­ tivities. She is the daughter of Rabbi forcefully condemned by Congress, and sion of 1947, which brought t he State of and Mrs. Benjamin Bairn, of Los Angeles. by people of goodwill and understanding Israel int o being. I should like to insert in the RECORD everywhere. But nowhere has the re­ They have only succeeded in stirring the sponse been more compelling and elo­ revulsion of the Free World. They have only an excellent article by Gilbert E. Thomp­ su cceeded in uniting Jews in a covenant of son on the Yavneh dinner honoring the quent than that given by Rabbi David Polish of Beth Emet congregation of solidarity which will contin ue as long as Goldsteins. The article originally ap­ Israel is threatened. They have not been able peared on November 14, 1975, in the Evanston, Ill. to shoot us out of existence. Neither will they B'nai B'rith Messenger: For those of us who know him, Rabbi be able to vot e us out of existence. Polish's remarks at a rally at Chicago's YAVNEH DINNER WILL FUND EMIGRE By the foul tag of racism, they hope to CHILDREN'S SCHOOLING Civic Center Plaza on November 20 once make of us what they call us. We, whose again reflected his unusual capacity to sons and daughters died defending the rights (By Gilbert E. Thompson) articulate the ideals of our Judaic-Chris­ of Black people, whose children have fought "Russian Exodus '75-From Darkness To tian tradition and to make those ideals for the Mexican farm worker. But they will Light," has been set as the theme of Yavneh a driving force for a more just, humane never succeed in making us over in their Hebrew Academy's annual scholarship dinner, image, the image of Hitler and Stalin. it was announced by Claude and Etty Arnall, world. We are proud of America for its vigorous chairpersons. Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with resistance to the high-jacking of the United This critical fund raising event which will my colleagues Rabbi Polish's remarks Nat ions. We are proud of all those who have provide funds needed to educate nearly 70 and, at this point, I insert those stood up against a call to genocide. Together Russian children this year, has been set for remarks: we call upon our Government which has Monday, Dec. 15, at the Beverly Hilton Hotel. The Political Pogrom against Israel and made its re-assessment of its relations to Honorees of the evening will be Alan and the Jewish people has revealed the true in­ Israel, now to re-assess its relations to the Adell Goldstein. tentions of Arab leadership. They do not United Nations which has replaced the Dead The Goldsteins have three children attend­ want a peaceful solution. They want a Final Sea as the lowest place on earth. ing Yavneh Hebrew Academy, and each has Solution. Two months after the interim set­ If this bloody resolution has done any­ a distinguished record of community service. tlement in the Sinai, even while Israel was thing, it has succeeded in pushing the Free Alan Goldstein has served as a director and complying by preparing to withdraw from World to its hour of truth. Its own future, officer of Yavneh for several years. He is an the oil fields, the Arab world sabotaged the like ours, is at stake. Let the West see what alumnus of Lubavitch of New York, a found­ settlement. Is this Israel's reward for taking we have seen, that a threat to a single peo­ er of Chabad House at USLA, and takes an risks for peace? ple is a threat to the peace of the World. active leadership role at Congregations The issue is not the Palestinians. The is­ A day will come when the oil will dry up Shaarei Tefila and Ohel David. He also serves sue is that the Arab world has served notice beneath the sands of the Arab World. The the City of Los Angeles as a commissioner of intent to destroy Israel. As long as it desert will cover even the memories of those on the Community Redevelopment Agency. clings to this goal, no matter what conces­ petty tyrants who hold the world for ran­ Adell Goldstein, daughter of t)le beloved sions Israel might make, we will resist. som. And Arabs and Jews who truly hunger Rabbi and Mohel Rabbi Benjamin Balm, has This anti-Semitic Declaration has made a for peace will again join hands. And this served two terms as president of the Neshei Zionist of nearly every Jew. Every Jew who State, Israel, and this eternal people, Israel, Agudath Israel, and has taken an active role wants the State of Israel to live is a Zion­ will live. in the Yavneh PTA. Mr. and Mrs. Goldstein ist. Every Jew who remembers how the na­ are both licensed nursing home administra­ tions of the world turned away victims of tors and are active in the California Associa­ the Holocaust, is a Zionist. Every Jew who RESPONSffiLE GOVERNMENT tion of Health Facilities and the American remembers the expulsion of 800,000 Jews College of Nursing Home Administrators. from Arab lands is a Zionist. Every Jew who In accepting the honors accorded by the sees the torment of his brothers in Russia HON. GENE SNYDER academy, the Goldsteins cited the critical is a Zionist. As long as any bloc of nations need of the academy to provide an intensive still wages war against the Zionist Platform OF KENTUCKY Jewish education for nearly 70 recently ar­ of "an internationally recognized homeland IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rived Russian Jewish children, and a similar for the Jewish People", Jews will be Zion­ Tuesday, December 2, 1975 personal experience, it was noted by Joseph ists. Kornwasser, president of the school located When John F. Kennedy stood at the Berlin Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, those of at Beverly Blvd. and Fuller Ave. Wall dividing the city, he did not hesitate us who are members of the Aviation Sub­ Goldstein recalled that "this is history re­ to declare, "Ich bin ein Berliner". Standing peating itself." He spoke of the tribulations committee of the Committee on Public in spirit at the Western Wall with our fel­ Works and Transportation have had oc­ of his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harry Goldstein, low Jews and· all those who make common and his brothers David and Berel, when they cause with us, each of us declares "Tmoni casion to become acquainted with the arrived in Los Angeles just a quarter of a Anochi"-I am a Zionist". new Chairman of the Civil Aeronautics century ago-refugees from the holocaust of Who a;re those who call Israel racist? The Board, John E. Robson, during the 6 Lithuania-the nazi concentration camps­ hangmen of Iraq who hunt down Kurdish months he has held the post. I think I the DP camps--and the experience of a desti­ tribesmen in genocidal fury. The Moslems of speak for all when I say that we are im­ tute family trying to build a new life in Sudan who persecute black Sudanese. The pressed with the manner in which the America. Syrians who murder Jews trying to escape. Chairman has approached his respon­ Goldstein stressed that hard work and a The Saudis who traffic in black slaves. The sense of unity carried the family along the PLO which is trying to destroy the Chris­ sibilities and his grasp of the many com­ tide to success in its chosen field of providing tian community of Lebanon. plex issues confronting the Board. health and geriatric care for countless people Who dares call Israel racist when Arabs sit Chairman Robson commenced his du­ in a Jewish environment and tradition. But, in Israel's Parliament, attend the Hebrew ties with CAB at an especially difficult said Goldstein, "we will be eternally grateful University in Jerusalem and the Technion time for our great air transportation in­ for the helping hand that was extended to in Haifa, and patrol with their Jewish fel­ dustry. The effects of the recession cou­ us in our period of resettlement to the United low citizens on guard duty against terrorists. States and we shall never lose sight of our pled with the steadily rising cost of fuel This is a time of challenge for the Jewish brought the threat of financial ruin to duty to preserve Russian Jews for Judaism. people. It is also a time of testing for the "To this end we have dedicated our efforts Free World, especially the United States. The many carriers. The Chairman and his to help insure that the nearly 70 Russian Communists, the Arab World, the Third associates have responded to these prob­ Jewish children at Yavneh this year will be World do not want only to bring Israel down. lems effectively-while at the same time given the opportunity to be drawn into the They are succeeding in bringing down the taking steps to streamline the procedures mainstream of Jewish life." United Nations. They want to bring America of the Board. With Chairman Robson at 38252 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 the helm, we look to the future with con­ technical merits of the Board's decision. In­ the benefit of their perspectives and views to fidence. deed some have. But it is unfortunate that our own. We simply cannot afford to isolate Mr. Speaker, the Chairman addressed so much of the criticism has been addressed ourselves. the National Aviation Club on Novem­ not to the substance of the Board's actions Since I came to the Board I have met per­ bwt has degenerated into speculatlons as to sonally with representatives of industry, la­ ber 13, 1975. While I was not in atte~d­ motivation which simply have no basis in bor, consumers, the finan cial world, states ance, I have had an opportunity to reVIew fact. and cities, foreign nations, the press, acade­ his remarks. In addition to presenting a~ I recently saw a newspaper story Which mia and Congress. My door has been open to overview of the problems f~ing the air quoted a political strategist, frustrated in all and I intend to keep it so. I believe pro­ transportation industry, Chairman R?b­ his attempt to find a dramatic simple cam­ foundly that people have a right to see their son discussed his concept of responsible paign theme, as saying that it was hard to public officials. There are rules forbidding sell responsible government as "sexy". communications which legally infringe upon government. I believe tha~ my ?olleagues He 1s so right! and others will be especially mterested our quasi judicial functions and which spell Yet, responsible government 1s the only our responsibilities if those rules are trans­ in his thoughts on this vital subject. kind of government the American people gressed. My personal experience is that people Mr. Speaker, I insert the f?ll text of the want and w1ll tolerate. are aware of and observe those restrictions. address to be printed at this point. The analysis and solution of the array of I have been troubled, however, by the atti­ REMARKS BY JoHN E. ROBSON, CHAIRMAN OF problems confronting aviation Will not be tude of suspicion which seems to attach to THE CIVIL AERONAUTICS BOARD furthered by hip shooting or sloganeering. contacts with the outside world-particu­ It 1s a pleasure to be here today among so If a methodical approach to possible change larly those from the private sector. To shut many who share my belief in the importance is boring or ambiguous--60 be it. Drama and off those meetings would, in my view, be of aviation and my concern that its future florid rhetoric have their place-but it is on inconsistent with my public responsib111ties. the stage-not in the serious administra­ wUl be as bright as its past. I have, however, considered ways which The great pitcher Satchel Paige once ad­ tion of publl.c responsibilities or in the search might help underscore the legitimacy and monished: "Don't look back. Something may for sound answers to complex issues. proper role in a democratic society of contact be gain.ing on you." I have always found I am wlliing to admit that I do not have between government and the private sector. that to be a useful philosophy. Satchel's rule all the answers to aviation's problems. That Perhaps there will be some benefit-and the tells me not that we must flee from all that may not be fashionable at a time when so suspicious wll1 be comforted-if what some many are freely-and with absolute certain­ may see as an air of secrecy surrounding is past-but that the challenges of today and ty-dispensing their prescriptions for all of tomorrow must be met looking forward. these meetings is dispelled. In any event I It 1s a philosophy I have tried to follow aviation's ailments. But, when we are dealing should like to try it. And I have decided that, in the real world With the future of an es­ since I became Chairman of the Civil ~ero­ beginning next week, I will each day make nautics Board just over slx months ago. sential transportation service--we need not available publicly a list of my previous day's be embarrassed to hesitate to plunge head­ If however you wlll permit me a momen­ meetings with persons from the private sec­ t.a.ry' deparru:e from Satchel Paige's rule, I long into the pool until we are sure our tor and a brief indication of the subject of wm say, in all candor, that it has been a bathing trunks are fastened. the meeting. tough slx months. It has been tough for the I have stated previously my view that we Our work need not be denied the views and Board and tough for the aviation commu­ have entered a new economic era for avia­ contributions of the outside world because tion, and my firm belief that we must search we may worry about misplaced criticism. nity. Transition 1s usually unsettling. But out and experiment with new concepts and we have put together a leadership team of I might observe that the dangers of isola­ not fear to implement those policies which tion are not limited to public officials. Indus­ which I am very proud. I have also found we determine will best serve that era. But myself blessed with a superbly capable and the cause of responsible change is poorly try has a tendency to talk mostly to itself. dedicated CAB staff. And, we have launched served by tub thump!J.ng or fatuous editorials How many of you have sought out different some initiatives I wanted to get underway. such as one that just crossed my desk this perspectives, fresh ideas or engaged in head overall, it has been a difficult, but satisfying week making an economic analogy between to head combat With an economist, acade­ period. I have no regrets that I am where digital wristwatch makers and the commer- mician or government official-especially one I am. hil cial aviation system. _ who disagrees with your notions. Such an As I look ahead, it 1s perhaps worthw e There is a gnaWing pressure on public interplay of ideas seems essential in an era to share with you today some of the per­ officials to paste a label on themselves-or of change and complexity. If industry is per­ spectives which govern my notions of the na­ to make it easy for the rest of the world to ceived to have made a somewhat pachyderm­ ture of my responsib1Uties and the way I am do so. I find that to be the situation in my like response in the current debate on regu­ to carry them out. job. It sometimes seems that greater comfort latory policy-may it not stem from the lack I did not come to my present position to is taken from mentally pushing a public of analytical and intellectual preparedness? be loved. And to the best of my abi11ties, and official into one or another philosophic or The tasks which lie ahead are numerous. always as my own man, I shall call them as economic pigeon-hole than from a perception None are easy. I see them and try to do what I beMeve is that, as his obligations demand, he takes We will face in the immediate months wise and rlght. into account the various interests which may ahead the difficult and delicate task of trying Washington is a town inhabited by many be affected in the resolution of the issues to grapple with higher fuel and non-fuel cynical storytellers. They devote consider­ coming before him. costs, while at the same time hoping to see able energy to promulgating as fact their This is peculiarly so in carrying out the traffic levels, load factors and yields improve assumptions and speculations about how the Board's responsibllities. The broad legisla­ and wide economic access to air transport Federal world "really" operates. One who tive objectives under the Federal Aviation maintained. dwells in the mists of mistrust, wlll, not sur­ Act are several and sometimes in confiict. I If the resolution of energy policy emerges prisingly, see specters of secret lnstructions do not see that we are licensed to embrace in the form of a fairly long-term graduated and hidden agenda where there are none in one and ignore the rest. But I am also con­ decontrol of domestic oil prices, and we ex­ fact. The original misperception soon be­ vinced that we would be faced with the same perience no sudden skyrocketing of fuel comes a conviction that any action is the task of trying to objectively balance various prices, I am hopeful that the problem can product of some unseen guiding hand. And interests even if Congress had not chosen to be managed without the need to separate fuel very little will then be perceived as it ac­ enumerate some of them in our statute. from other costs. tually is. That is because we are a nation of special We w1ll look with interest at the carriers' The unfortunate victims of this tale bear­ interests. Each legitimately strives for its thinking on discount fares. In general, the ing are those who are genuinely interested place in the sun. Each legitimately tries to Board has allowed discount fares to be im­ in the substance of what government does pull the actions of government in its direc­ plemented. Fundamentally, these are mar­ or plans to do. For by these cynical specula­ tion. The competition of economic and social keting and financial decisions of manage­ tions they are decoyed into ba.ttle with non­ interests for governmental redress was recog­ ment the treatment of which under our existent foes-and distracted from dealing nized by the founding fathers as a fact of ratemaking standards is understood. Per­ with reality. And-at least in aviation-re­ life two hundred years ago. And so it wll1 sonally, I am, within reason, inclined to leave ality presents enough difficulties to consume always be. It seems to me that our duty as to management's discretion both the deci­ our total attention and energies. public officials requires that we consider and sion to introduce or cancel a. discount fare. An example of the refusal to accept gov­ weigh those interests in the actions we take. The use of discount fares has increased government action at its face value is the And I cannot find any persuasive grounds significantly over the past year, at a time of Board's recent decision to modify and refine for the view held by some interests that if general traffic sluggishness which has aggra­ some of the methodologies which are em­ we do not unequivocally declare our special vated the capacity problems of the carriers. ployed in evaluating proposals for passenger commitment to you-we must be against Faced with more aircraft than are needed to fare increases. The Board's suspensions of proposed fare increases under the modlfl.ed carry the available traffic at normal fares, methodology led to widely broadcast accusa­ yo~a.t same diversity of interests in our management has two basic tools: it can mod­ tions of politically motivated action and society demands that access to government be ify schedules and it can attempt to fill empty "number juggling" solely for the purpose of open-that public officials be in frank com­ seats with discount fares. reaching some predetermined result. munication with all those who may have an Since load factors have been relatively fiat Reasonable men might argue against the interest in their actions-so that we may add during this period of increased use of dis- December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38253 count fares, it has reflected itself in inade­ In this, the Marine Corps' bicenten­ thorized in March 1794, by George quate bottom line results. nial year, it seems particularly appro­ Washington and was launched less than The unknown in the coming months is priate to honor the brave men who served 3 years later at Harris Creek, Baltimore. how carrier managements, as they attempt aboard the USF Constellation in 1798. The shakedown cruise began June 26, to solve traffic and load factor problems, The Marine Corps is justifiably proud of 1798. will balance the employment of discount fares and more stringent scheduling prac­ its 200-year history, and the commemo­ Her battle history is extensive and im­ tices. Attention to both measures would rative program will be appropriately pressive. She captured the French frig­ seem important. carried out through the efforts of the ate L'Insurgente, bearing 42 guns, in On a broader front, we must be moving Marine Corps Commemorative Commit­ February 1799. A year later in a famous forward in several other areas. tee of Maryland. The ceremony takes night battle she defeated the 52-gun I have expressed previously my concern place December 7, the anniversary of French frigate La Vengeance. From 1802 that everything possible be done to hasten Pearl Harbor. At that time, the first con­ to 1805 she operated with the U.S. fleet the Board's decision-making. I am optimis­ tingent of Marines who served aboard in the blockade of Tripoli. tic that a great deal can be done through procedural reforms which we will be con­ the ship will be commemorated by a During the period 1813 through 1815, sidering as a result of the work of our out­ large bronze plaque bearing their names, although blockaded in the Chesapeake side Advisory Committee and by the imposi­ which are as follows: Bay by a large British force, the U.S. tion of internal management disciplines. I Bartholomew Clinch, lieutenant; Alex­ frigate Constellation prevented the in­ will confess to some concern, which I hope ander Inns, 1 sergeant; Samuel Coleman, 2 vasion of that area and defeated a Brit­ is groundless, that we will encounter ob­ sergeant; Edward Mercer, 1 corporal; James ish force of 400 men at Craney Island. struction in implementing changes by those Hague, 2 corporal; Thomas H. Dunn, pri­ In the second war with the Barbary who, while anxious for expedltion when they vate; Isaac Gardner, private; Hezekla.h Pirates in 1815, the Constellation poured want a decision, are quite prepared to tie Owens, private; John Dinin, private; Oliver us in procedural knots when delay is seen Arnold, private; Daniel Smith, private; David a broadside into the 44-gun Algerian to be in their interest. Griffiths, private; Edward Kenen, private; frigate Mashuda, causing her to sur­ In the realm of international aviation William Williamson, private; William Rawl­ render. From 1817 to 1823, under the there is much to be done-and I intend to ings, private; Benjamin Brown, private; command of Comdr. Charles Ridgely, she say more about these matters in the future. Christopher McCormick, private; James served as flagship and succeeded with It is my hope that I can contribute to creat­ Fitzmorris, private. the aid of her squadron in suppressing ing a national attitude of insistence on an Stephen Collins, private; George Herbert, piracy in the West Indies and off the improved competitive position and fair private, William Justice, private; Richard treatment for U.S. carriers, to some better Price, private; Borthoy Duffy, private; Michel coast of South America. rationalization of the decision-making McEntire, private; James Robb, private; In 1839, the U.S. frigate Constellation structure and process, and to a firmer con­ Thomas Murry, private; William Hook, pri­ was employed in support of land troops cept of America's international aviation ob­ vate; James Hambleton, private; Daniel Mc­ fighting the Seminole Indians in Florida. jectives and how we intend to accomplish Carty~ private; Michael Reynolds, private; Four years later she was used by her them in the real world. James O'Carroll, private; George Simpson, commander. Lawrence Kearney, a diplo­ Central to the long range strength and private; William Nighton, private; James mat, in obtaining a treaty and open door profltabllity of the aviation industry will be Coughlan, private; Joseph Butler, private; policy trade agreement with China. She its ability to achieve improved productivity. John Shirley, private; John Hunt, private; Management labor, technology, and invest­ James Mahoney, private; Timothy Flaherty, was the first American man-of-war to ment all have critical roles to play. Produc­ private; Aquilla Norris, private; Thomas enter the inland waters of China. tivity is, of course, only a measure of effi­ Hardman, private; Thomas Hall, private; Under Flag Commodore Inman, the ciency. Yet in a business where both private Hirman Chapin, private; Job Swain, private; Constellation patrolled and successfully and public considerations enter into price Walter Commisio, private. blockaded the export of Negro slaves off and service policies, the maintenance of A word about the valiant Marines who the coast of West Africa. During the U.S. efficiencies becomes absolutely critical. We first served aboard the U.S. frigate Civil War, she was successful in clearing must all do much more hard and innovative the Mediterranean and participated in thinking if aviation is to meet this life Constellation is in order. The nucleus of or death challenge. the Corps was composed of Continental the blockade of New Orleans and Mobile Benjamin Franklin once said that, "By the Marines recruited at Tun Tavern, Pa., Bay. This was her last combat action. collision of ditierent sentiments, sparks of in 1775. The balance were recruited in Henceforward, the U.S. frigate Con­ truth are struck out." You have heard me April 1798, by Lt. Bartholomew Clinch, stellation would be used as a training speak often enough on the need of rigorous USMC, at Fells Point within sight of the ship and gunnery practice ship. Perhaps examination, debate and testing of regula­ present berth of the Constellation in Bal­ her most enduring victory was the one tory precepts to know I share this view. I timore Inner Harbor. waged in her behalf by the Constellation would be proud to help lead an attitudinal Restoration Committee. The committee change-where all of us in the aviation com­ These Marines were capable marksmen munity are determined that the sparks of whose services were deemed acceptable fought constantly from 1952 to 1955 to truth will come out--where a willingness only if they could hit the bowl of a clay prevent the destruction of the Constella­ to experiment with new ideas is common­ pipe from 50 paces with their own smooth tion and succeeded finally in getting an and, most critically, that change is seen not bore rifles. Their duty was to pick off op­ act of Congress to protect and preserve as a threat but as the surest road to meet­ ponents with musket fire from positions this great historic ship. ing the economic realities. high in the ship's fighting tops, and to The commemorative program has been I cannot believe we need to fear that a board enemy vessels for purposes of planned by the Marine Corps Commemo­ strong house will be set afire by the sparks rative Committee of Maryland: Col. of truth. capture. Further, the marines furnished guards James F. McClanahan U.S. Marine and sentinels aboard ship and were ex­ Corps, retired, chairman; Lt. Col. James COMl\.mMORATIVE CEREMONY ON pected at all times to protect and sus­ M. Joyner, U.S. Marine Corps, retired, THE U.S. FRIGATE "CONSTELLA­ tain the stern discipline of a ship by their treasurer; Sgt. Maj. Ralph J. Fletcher, TION" organization, distinctive character, and U.S. Marine Corps, retired, secretary; training. The marines were expected to George C. Moran, public relations direc­ be the force behind the captain in deal­ tor. The ceremony will get underway at HON. PAULS. SARBANES ing with serious breaches of discipline. 1 p.m., December 7, at USF Constellation Marines were not required to go aloft; Dock, Pier One, Pratt Street, with OF MARYLAND James F. Mutscheller serving as master IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES distinct provision was made for their duties at sea. Any role in the sailing of of ceremonies. ~ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 the ship was entirely voluntary on their The Bicentennial flag will be presented Mr. SARBANES. Mr. Speaker, I would part. An important duty of the marine to the USF Constellation by Capt. Harry like to take this opportunity to call to sentries on the quarterdeck was to guard Allendorfer, director of special events for the attention of my distinguished col­ the arms che.st. When the crew was called the American Revolution Bicentennial leagues an event commemorating the to quarters, the marines habitually mus­ Administration, and will be accepted by original 45 Marines who served aboard tered on the quarterdeck where, in case Gordon M. F. Stick, chairman of the USF our Nation's first naval vessel, the of emergency, they were armed from the Constellation Foundation, Inc. USF Constellation, which is permanently nearby chest. The presentation of the flag will be berthed in Baltimore's Inner Harbor. The U.S. frigate Constellation was au- followed by welcoming remarks from 38254 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 2, 1975 Baltimore City Mayor William Donald were related to one another. How many of AMERICA'S THffiD CENTURY Schaefer and Baltimore City Council these deaths would not have happened if a. gun had not been handy? President Walter S. Orlin.sky, chairman If the gun is stored "safely" in order to of the Baltimore City Bicentennial Com­ HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON lessen the risks of accident, what good is it OF ~SACHUSETTS mittee. going to be in case of emergency? Can the The Honorable Louis L. Goldstein, gun and ammunition be retrieved from their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comptroller for the State of Maryland separate locked compartments and assembled Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 and a former Marine Corps captain, will in time to be of protective value? be the guest speaker. "I have a. constitutional right to own a Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, cit­ Following Mr. Goldstein's remarks, a gun." The Supreme Court of the United ing the disastrous results of the two States has ruled that the possession of pri­ greatest surges in public expenditure in bronze plaque bearing the names of the vate guns is not guaranteed in the Bill of world history-the defense shift devot­ original 45 Marines who served on board Rights unless the gun is part "of the ordinary ing 9 percent of America's GNP to de­ in 1798 will be unveiled, with Brig. Gen. military equipment" or "(unless) its use fense spending between 1948 and the E. H. Simmons, director of Marine Corps could contribute to the common defense." History and Museums, presiding. The National Guard is now the union of the mid-1950's, and the welfare shift divert­ state militias, and thus this body alone, out­ ing another 9 percent to helping the side the regular armed forces, has the con­ urban poor between 1960 and the early stitutional right to bear arms. 1970's-Norman Macrae urges the United "If we give up our handguns we won't States to lead the capitalist world in a GROWING PUBLIC PRESSURE FOR be able to protect ourselves against sub­ thorough overhaul of its historically in­ TOUGH GUN CONTROL LEGISLA­ version or invasion." With the sophistica­ efficient system of public sector spending. tion of modern weaponry a. serious subver­ TION sive or invading threat won't be turned aside In the seventh installment of Econo­ by the presence of handguns. mist editor Macrae's survey of "America's "If handguns are outlawed only outlaws third century," which I have been insert­ HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN will have handguns." While it is true that ing in the RECORD over the past few we cannot expect the criminals to turn in OF ~ASSACEnrrSETTS weeks, the author prescribes a remedy their guns, it is also true that if guns are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the ills of our Federal spending poli­ not sold legally and are not available from cies : First, extension of voter participa­ Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 home robberies, two major sources of sup­ ply have been dried up. Also, if handguns tion in defining what communities want Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, public are against the law, then police can arrest from public service, then development of pressure for tough gun control legislation criminals simpl~ for the possession of a new sorts of market competition to find is growing steadily. Polls show ever­ handgun, thus preventing a future crime. out who can most efficiently provide it. increasing majorities in favor of restric­ The Eisenhower Commission calculated in I would like to insert this section of tions on the availability of handguns and 1968 that there was one handgun for every Mr. Macrae's article for publication in five people in the United States, one for today's RECORD. With one-half trillion a system of registration and licensing. every 33 people in Canada and one for every Local as well as nationally-read news­ 200 in Great Britain. At the same time the dollars-and rising-available for Gov­ papers are urging the Congress to enact total number of gun deaths in the United ernment spending each year, the impor­ gun control laws to reverse the increase States exceeded that of all other free na­ tance of foresight and a responsible, in crimes of violence. tions combined. Since 1968 the production responsive policy for public sector spend­ The Wayland-Weston Antioch College in Yellow Springs. In essary to provide a legislative history young people in constructive endeavors, and those two roles he made his mark as a na­ provide enjoyment for them and older res­ tionally recognized authority on water which sets forth and explains the legis­ idents as well. lative purpose. This is why it made sense for the majority control and as an educational innovator. For these reasons, I believe we all must of the 80 persons who participated in last Dr. Morgan began his professional life work to ensure that the next tax bill Friday's town meeting to vote to accept the when he took over his father's small conference is an open and recorded federal funds and authorize the Selectmen engineering practice in St. Cloud, Minn., conference. to spend them. around the turn of the century. In 1907 If Newport had rejected those funds last he became an engineer with the U .S. De­ Friday they would not have been saved. They partment of Agriculture. Then he opened would have gone to some other community for some other project. his own engineering company in Mem­ TIME TO STOP DESffiABLE BUT We accepted a third of a mi111on dollars phis, Tenn. He developed a national rep­ NONESSENTIAL PROGRAMS last Friday, and Newport will invest that utation as an expert in flood control. money wisely, with benefit for the whole This reputation brought Dr. Morgan HON. JAMES C. CLEVELAND community. to Dayton, Ohio, in the wake of the disas­ But the time has come to stop. trous 1913 flood which took more than OF NEW HAMPSHIRE The projects for which we have accepted 300 lives. He became a consultant to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a third of a million dollars are indeed worth­ while. They are good for Newport. Dayton Flood Prevention Committee and Tuesday, December 2, 1975 But the republic wm survive without them. designed the flood control system of the Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, Presi­ The government has many pressing needs Miami Conservancy District, establishing dent Ford has recently been devoting a that it must meet if the republlc is to sur­ precedents which have become national great deal of effort trying to get the vive, but landscaping a courthouse and com­ standards in flood control and preven­ pleting an athletic complex are not among tion. country to come to its senses and cut back them. on the large number of programs dish­ He came to Antioch College in 1920 as There are literally thousands of towns its president. In this 13 years there, he ing out Federal dollars. like Newport in this nation. If each were In doing so, he has generally run into to get a third of a million dollars for projects became one of the country's leading edu­ a very reluctant Congress, and an ex­ like those we have here, however desirable cational innovators, developing the work­ tremely reluctant assortment of interest they may be, it would add blllions to our study approach to education with which groups which are fighting to protect their already burdensome national debt. we are all so familiar now. This approach Many of the projects for which Newport reflected Dr. Morgan's practical bent. He programs. has accepted federal grants are justified. The The editor of the Argus-Champion of was concerned that "the schoolhouse re­ sewers are a case in point. They are essential ceived too much credit and the barn not Newport, N.H., Edward DeCourcy, is a to our health. They are essential to clean­ very widely noted editor. His weekly ing up our polluted rivers. The town alone, enough." newspaper is highly regarded, and Ed with its limited tax resources, could not His view was that the goal of educa­ DeCourcy has won several awards of afford to build them. tion "is not primarily to impart informa­ great prestige for his editorial writing. The pllot bus program, whose purpose is tion, but to insure to the child the quali­ At the risk of putting a label on an to create a transportation service that will ties, character, and accomplishments he conserve scarce energy supplies, help hun­ editor of the type editors put on poli­ will need when he is a man." dreds of residents to participate in business, Dr. Morgan was called away from An­ ticians, Ed's politics have been by and civic and social affairs more economically, large considered "liberal," and often pro­ and in the end be self-sustaining, is justified. tioch to the TVA by President Roosevelt Federal Government. But the time has come to tell Congress to in 1933 because of his reputation as an Therefore, the fact that Ed DeCourcy use our financial resources adequately where expert in flood control and because the would use his editorial column to call for the need is essential and not at all where it President had read Dr. Morgan's "An­ an end to Federal programs such as the is not. tioch Notes" and said he liked his one which recently gave some money to We need to tell Congress to resist the "vision." lobbyists for the desirable but not essential Dr. Morgan did apply his vision to his his town of Newport, N.H., is indicative causes by letting it know we are willing to of the depth of feeling in the country give up the non-essential. task at TVA, making it an outstanding that Washington must come to its senses. This may be difficult for a nation whose example of regional planning and devel­ Indeed, Ed may be well ahead of the Con­ people have been conditioned to the buy­ opment of hydroelectric dams providing gress but he is not ahead of the people as now-pay-later philosophy, but unless we cheap electric power. The example has results of my recent annual question­ can discipline ourselves there may be no been studied and followed by many small naire indicate my constituents share his "later" in which to pay. nations seeking economic development. view that we must begin saying no to Dr. Morgan left the TVA post in 1938 desirable but nonessential programs. In following a power struggle within the fact, 82 percent of constituents answer­ TVA which became a controversy of na­ ing my questionnaire feel that Congress DR. ARTHUR E. MORGAN tional proportions. should postpone enactment of new or He returned to Yellow Springs, the expanded Federal programs this year to HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN home of Antioch College, where he hold down Government spending and to OF OHIO founded Community Service, Inc., in permit reevaluation of existing programs. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which he remained active until his hos­ Ed DeCourcy's expression of his own pitalization in August of this year. The point of view is more articulate than any Tuesday, December 2, 1ins weekly Yellow Springs News reported No­ that I could put forward. I commend it Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, on vember 19: therefore to the attention of those who Sunday, November 16, 1975, Dr. Arthur Here he pioneered research, defined, taught are concerned with this issue. E. Morgan of Yellow Springs, Ohio, and wrote about what he regarded as the The editorial follows: passed away, ending 97 years of life­ crucial role of the small community in hu­ [From the Newport (N.H.) Argus-Champion, most of which was spent in service to his man society and offered continuing assistance to small communities. Oct. 1, 1975 J fellow man in his own community, in 'I'rME To STOP other communities, in the Nation at Other achievements on an interna­ Beautifying the center of Newport by large, and around the world. This man tional scale include efforts to help relo­ removal of some old buildings and land­ was a giant in numerous fields, as a scien­ cate in Mexico many German Jews scaping the area around the restored court­ tist, an engineer, an educator, a commu­ fleeing Nazi terrorism, helping Finns house is worthwhile. nity developer, and a writer. His death resettle after evacuating areas annexed December 2, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 38261 by the Russians, helping India develop a founding a quarter of a century ago are re­ PLAYING POLITICS WITH YoUR GRAIN series of rural universities whieh are ported to have benefited from his counsel­ Dry, ideal harvest weather; reports that today an integral part of the Indian ing. Men and women from all over America corn yields were "better than they looked;" who are trying to build better, more rational, country elevators full with only 40% of the educational system and helping Ghana communities, come to the Arthur Morgan­ crop harvested-it all added up to a mockery develop power dams and industrial com­ founded Community Service for help. Ket­ of the State Department's embargo of grain munities on the Volta River. tering Laboratories, for which he sought its sales to Russia. Irwin Inman, Antioch College Editor, first funding, has discovered many of the Whatever the ultimate accompll~hments wrote of Dr. Morgan after his death: mysteries of photosynthesis and the effect of of the embargo, they cannot compare to the air on plants; now it is leading in an effort damage done to farmers. The Ford Adminis­ In essence, Morgan was a social engineer. to make the planet's soil richer through He combined sweeping vision-he was avidly tration stands exposed for breaking its ear­ nitrogen fixation and better able to feed its nest promises of honesty and candor. interested in utopias and wrote a llfe of people. Innumerable problems of health Edward Bellamy-belief in the values of small When they suspended grain sales to Russia have been solved through the research of last August, they told us it was "temporary" communities, great energy and drive, an un­ Fels Research Institute, which Mr. Morgan usual integrity and ethical conviction, and until they could see the next crop report; helped to found, and much light has been that their sole concern was for our nation's ability to solve practical problems on a large shed on how the developing human learns. scale. own food supply. The Tennessee Valley Authority, 40 years Yet sales were still suspended after two . He was a prolific writer, authoring after Arthur E. Morgan built its dams and crop reports had promised not shortages but books which include "Dams and Other helped chart its future course, is still widely probable surpluses of wheat and soybeans. Disasters" and "The Making of the regarded as a model of parallel power and Worse, it became clear that the embargo community development. The Miami Con­ stayed on not to assure food for this coun­ TVA." When a stroke sent him to the servancy District dams, using methods pio­ try but to solve a whole bundle of prob­ hospital in August, Dr. Morgan was neered by Arthur Morgan, have safely pro­ lems around the world-with you picking up working on a book to be called "Whole­ tected Dayton from fatal floods for 60 years. the bill. manism" which set out his theories on ••• AND HIS HOME TOWN Judging from news reports out of Moscow, developing all facets of the human be­ So it is not surprising that Yellow Springs the Soviets agreed surprisingly soon to a ing-physical, mental, moral, and so has many good things too--in addition to long-term grain contract. But then Henry forth. Antioch College, Kettering and Fels Insti­ Kissinger held up approval while he bar­ While he did not finish the work, his tutes-because of Arthur E. Morgan. We gained to: ( 1) get more jobs on the ships would list among these Morris Beam & Co., and docks for George Meany's minions; (2) moral leadership of all he touched in his perhaps secure Russia's help in a Middle East long life is one of his most lasting contri­ Vernay Laboratories, Yellow Spri:1gs Instru­ ment Co., Antioch Bookplate Co., Wright settlement; (3) alleviate our energy prob­ butions. As a young man, he wrote: State's Radiological Research Laboratory, the lems with oil from Russia; and (4) put a I am going to try to guide my llfe in its scores of scientists, educators and executives squeeze on the Arabs by getting oil at a price bearing toward others in the near future by who have chosen to make their homes here, below theirs. He insisted all along that the the Sermon on the Mount. I want all I do the Senior Citizens organizations, Senior grain and oil deals weren't "linked," then to be done in a Christian spirit. Not to be Citizens housing and the Yellow Springs turned right around and admitted that the seen, nor heard, nor for the purpose of gain­ Community Council. long-term grain agreement was p.waiting a ing any credit, but to build character. Our front page story of Mr. Morgan's career "parallel" oil agreement. Diplomatic double­ talk. Government by deception. The people of Yellow Springs and the relates how he helped bring Morris Bean Co. and Vernay's here, participated in or in­ We endorse the long-range contract for Seventh Ohio Congressional District and spired the founding of Community Council, supplying grain to Russia. As we have con­ others touched by Dr. Morgan all over the Metropolitan Housing Authority and cluded in our articles on Russian agriculture the world are going to miss this man who Senior Citizens. But YSI resulted because (page 31), the Soviets have no real pros­ sought neither recognition nor credit, its founders came to Antioch, because they pect of solving their grain shortage in the but who sought to and succeeded in could use facilities in the Antioch Science immediate future. The contract should bene­ Building where they were asked to build sci­ fit both countries. Though six to eight mil­ building character. lion tons may seem modest, it should help Tributes to Dr. Morgan have come entific instruments. Central State, Wilber­ force and Wright State faculty and Wright­ stabilize grain prices. from all over since his death. From Pres­ Patterson Air Base scientists and engineers Secretary Butz made a strong case for the ident Gerald R. Ford: have often elected to live here because Anti­ agreement when he admitted at his mid­ Mrs. Ford and I send our heartfelt sym­ och, Fels and Kettering personnel who were October press conference that he did "go pathy on the death of Arthur Ernest Morgan. their friends were here. So all these good along with the embargo to the Soviets. We He wtll be long remembered for his distin­ qualities are here either directly or indirect­ need something in this country to offset this guished service to education and a grateful ly because of what Arthur E. Morgan's proj­ knee-jerk emotional reactior. of our public nation will always honor his memory. Our ects did to Yellow Springs. It is fitting that every time we sell anything to the Soviets:• hearts and prayers are with you in this time we remember this with gratitude.-KAH. he said. of sadness. Most of the other things Kissinger was dickering for ranged from the naive to the From the acting president of Antioch ridiculous. The oil barter, for instance. Rus­ College, Morris Keeton: sia does have enormous potential for ex­ We remember Arthur Morgan as the first PLAYING POLITICS WITH YOUR porting oil sometime in the future. But right to create a college using work for the liberal GRAIN now they are thought to have spare capacity education of every student--an education of only 150,000 to 300,000 barrels per day. melding ethical concerns with persistent in That is less than 2% of our daily consump• quiry to make responsible citizens and learn­ HON. PAUL FINDLEY tion-hardly enough to relieve our pinch. ers. His vision guides Antioch College still OF ILLINOIS The State Department is said to have and marks out unmet tasks for all of higher IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES asked the Soviets for a 15% discount on the education. price of their oil. We were naive to think the Tuesday, December 2, 197 5 Soviets might materially undercut prices Mr. Speaker, I would like to conclude Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would set by their Arab friends. by inserting at this point the words of like to share with my colleagues an Some State Department sources talked as 1! the editor of the Yellow Springs News, opinion expressed by the Editors of the they were out to "refurbish'' our image as Keith Howard, who wrote this beautiful smart Yankee traders and perhaps show up Farm Journal. The article details the the rubes in the Department of Agriculture editorial for the November 19 edition of shortcomings of the State Department's his newspaper: who, they seem to think, were "snookered" futile entry into the commodity game. in the 1972 grain sales. All of which suggests HE INFLUENCED HIS WORLD The net effect of the action was to lower that they considered the Russians desperate. Few men have influenced the world in the prices paid to American farmers and The Russians aren't at our mercy for grain. their time more than Arthur E. Morgan. In lower prices paid by the Soviet and Polish During our visit this past summer, we found education, colleges and universities in Amer­ Governments. The stated reason for the their people well fed. They can tighten their ica are rushing at a greater pace than ever action was to assure domestic food belts 1! they have to, and we think they into work-study programs of the sort which will!! the alternative is to let us dictate the he brought first to liberal arts colleges. The supply. But as the editorial points out, terms. Whenever they have run short of grain rural universities of India, which he urged the embargo stayed on not to assure food in the past, they've reduced livestock num­ for that newly liberated nation two decades for this country but to influence a whole bers through slaughter. Latest statistics lndi· ago over the opposition of other prestigious bundle of problems around the world­ cate they already may be doing so. Just as educators, are growing in importance. The with the American farmer picking up our embargo 1n 1973 set the Japanese scurry­ neighborhoods in Finland and Ghana to the tab. ing to grow more soybeans· in Brazil, this em• which he gave direction at the time of their The article follows: bargo has certainly cost us in long-term sales. 38262 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE December 3, 1975 Apparently, the State Department has de­ Units are so poorly staffed that these criti­ move these patients. The Burn Unit was so cided to join the rest of the world in playing cally 111 patients cannot get the treatment decimated, at the time of the Eastern Air­ the commodity game. If they want to play they need. Ambulance services have been line's crash, the company had to send in its politics with food, next time let them buy curtailed to the point that response time has own nurses. The Intensive Care Units and it first on the open market so they are wheel­ been greatly increased de3pite the fact that Coronary Care Units are so poorly staffed ing and dealing with their grain-not yours. in this situation, human life is in the bal­ that these critically 111 patients cannot get ance and can be affected by differences in the treatment they need. Ambulance services minutes. Certain vital life-sustaining phar­ have been curtailed to the point that re­ maceut icals cannot be obtained because of sponse time has been greatly increased de­ their co3ts. spite the fact that in this situation, human NEW YORK CITY HOSPITAL life is in the balance and can be affected by CUTS THREATEN LIVES I agree with Dr. Brody when he says: differences in minutes. Certain vital life­ It is unfair to expect a City such as New sust ain ing pharmaceuticals cannot be ob­ York to be able to solve wh at is essent ially a tained because of their costs. HON. BELLA S. ABZUG national problem. No one is a.gainst excision I do not know who is responsible for the OF NEW YORK of unnecessary fat in the corporate structure mess in New York City. Each political party IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the City. What we are against is the type has valid arguments by which the other is of budget cuts forced on the City that will blamed. Part of the problem of urban areas Tuesday, December 2, 1975 result in deaths of the sick poor. was the unexpected consequence of the fed­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, the oner­ eral government's success in fostering in­ The complete text of Dr. Brody's let­ creased mechanization of agriculture which ous cuts and reductions in services being ter to President Ford follows: forced upon New York City in its current has enabled 2 to 4 percent of the population fiscal crisis have gone beyond the point MEDICAL SOCIETY OF THE STATE OF t o feed not only the entire country but half NEW YORK, the world. This caused a tremendous migra­ of reason and are actually endangering Lake Success, N.Y., November 3,1975. t ion of surplus unschooled and unskilled lives. Hon. GERALD R. FORD, farm labor to urban areas. The effect of these cuts have been President, United States of America, A federal court decision ordered that resi­ spelled out in alarming detail in a letter 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., dency requirements for welfare aid were to President F'ord by Dr. Matthew Brody, Washington, D.C. 20500. unconstitutional. chairman, Coordinating Council, First DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I am writing to you at It is unfair to expect a City such as New District Branch, Medical Society of the the direction of the Medical Society of the York to be able to solve what is essentially State of New York and the leaders of orga­ a national problem. No one is against exci­ State of New York. nized medicine of New York City. sion of u nnecessary fat in the corporate Describing the deterioration of serv­ The Committee on Interns and Residents structure of the City. What we are against ices in New York City's municipal hospi­ has brought to our attention the terrible and is the type of budget cuts forced on the City tals, Dr. Brody said: serious deterioration in services in New York that will result in deaths of the sick poor. At the present time, because of lack of City's municipal hospitals, which is threat­ I have been informed by people who know personnel, it is impossible to monitor vital ening the welfare and lives of the patients you that you are a compassionate man and life signs' (temperature, pulse, respiration they serve, precipitated by budget cuts. Our a p atriot. If it is necessary in the grand and blood pressure) of p a.tients in some hos­ great fear is that this situation will be scheme of things to let the City default, so pita~s during weekends. Also on weekends, no worsened by even more stringent budget cuts. be it; but we are pleading for clemency for interpreters are av,aila.ble in hospit als serv­ At the present time, because of lack of the sick poor. If the federal government were ing bilingual areas. Further, women must personnel, it is impossible to monitor vital to assume the financial burden of Welfare deliver in ward beds rather than in delivery life signs (temperature, pulse, respiration and Medicaid, it would be of enormous help. rooms because no help is available to move and blood pressure) of patients in some hos­ If New York City were to receive half the these patients. The Burn Unit was so deci­ pitals during weekends. Also on weekends, money allocated to Lockheed, it, too, would mated that at the t ime of the recent Eastern no interpreters are available in hospit als be of enormous help. Airline's plane crash, the company ha.d to serving b111ngual areas. Further, women must Respectfully yours, send in its own nurses to provide treatment. be delivered in ward beds rather than in de­ MATTHEW BRODY, M.D., The Intensive Care Units and Coronary Oare livery rooms because no help is available to Chairman, Coordi nating Council.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, December 3, 197.5 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. proceedings and announces to the House The message also announced that the The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, his approval thereof. Senate insists upon its amendments to D.D., offered the following prayer: Without objection, the Journal stands the bill (H.R. 7656) entitled ''An act to Speak, Lord; for Thy servant approved. enable cattle producers to establish, fi­ heareth.-I Samuel 3: 10. There was no objection. nance, and carry out a coordinated pro­ 0 God and Father of us all we pray gram of research, producer and consumer that Thy blessing may rest upon this information, and promotion to improve, House of Representatives and that Thy MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE maintain, and develop markets for cat­ tle, beef, and beef products," requests a spirit may move through the heart of A message from the Senate by Mr. every Member. Grant them wisdom to conference with the House on the dis­ Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced agreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, make wise decisions for the good of all. that the Senate had passed without Grant them strength to stand for what and appoints Mr. TALMADGE, Mr. Mc­ amendment a bill of the House of the GOVERN, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. CLARK, Mr. is good and true lest they fall for what following title: Is evil and false. Grant them faith to face LEAHY, Mr. DOLE, Mr. YOUNG, and Mr. H .R. 6971. An act to amend the Sherman BELLMON to be the conferees on the part the facts clearly and courage to do what Antitrust Act to provide lower prices for ought to be done for most people rather consumers. of the Senate. than what can be done for a few. Let The message also announced that the The message also announced that the Senate had passed a bill of the following there be not less talking but more think­ Senate had passed with amendments in ing, not less working but more wor­ title, in which the concurrence of the which the concurrence of the House is House is requested: shipping, not less use of pressure but requested, bills of the House of the fol­ more use of prayer. S. 2444. An act to provide for the orderly lowing titles: transition to the new October 1 to Septem­ Speak to us, Lord, and help us to be H.R. 568. An act to grant an alien child ber 30 fiscal year. responsive to Thee that we may walk adopted by an unmarried U.S. citizen the the ways of truth and love; for Thy same immigrant status as an alien chUd name's sake. Amen. adopted by a U.S. citizen and his spouse; and CALL OF THE HOUSE H.R. 7656. An act to enable cattle producers to establish, finance, and carry out a coordi­ Mr. MYERS of Pennsylvania. Mr. THE JOURNAL nated program of research, producer and Speaker, I make the point of order that consumer information, and promotion to a quorum is not present. The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ improve, maintain, and develop markets for The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum is amined the Journal of the last day's cattle, beef, and beef products. not present.