Earthquakes! in January, a Strong Earthquake Hit the 8.8 Magnitude Earthquake That Hit Chile Haiti

release dates: May 15-21 20-1 (10)

© 2010 Universal Uclick Shaking Planet from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick Earthquakes! In January, a strong earthquake hit The 8.8 magnitude earthquake that hit Chile Haiti. It killed about 220,000 people on Feb. 27 destroyed many and injured about 300,000. More than older buildings, such as this a million people lost their homes. one in Concepcion. But most In February, an earthquake that was modern buildings, like the tall one in the background, about 500 times more powerful hit were mostly undamaged Chile. However, the Chile earthquake in the quake. In the last 40 did not do as much damage. The quake years, Chile has set strict and following tsunamis* killed about standards for new buildings so that most are earthquake- 500 people. Hundreds of thousands resistant. of people had major damage to their homes and businesses.

*Tsunamis (soo-NAHM-ees) are fast- photo by Dr. Walter D. Mooney, courtesy USGS moving, giant ocean waves. Parts of our planet What is an earthquake? Other big earthquakes have struck in Mexico and California and in The Earth is formed with: An earthquake is a sudden release Indonesia this year. To learn more A. an inner core of solid iron and of energy caused by the movement about earthquakes, The Mini Page nickel of the Earth’s crust or upper mantle. talked with a scientist at the U.S. B. an outer core of melted iron and During an earthquake: Geological Survey. nickel • the Earth shakes and cracks; C. a mantle of molten rock. This • quakes can cause landslides; is melting rock, in a kind of halfway • sandy areas with a lot of water stage between being solid and liquid. might turn to liquid for a few seconds D. a hard to a few minutes. The liquid can be crust, from forced upward as high as 20 feet. The 5 miles to 40 holes this liquid makes are called miles deep. “sand boils” or “sand blows.” Earthquakes can also cause photo by Dr. Walter Mooney, courtesy USGS People walk in front of a collapsed building The force of most tsunamis with waves as high as 100 brought down by the January earthquake in earthquakes is feet. These waves can travel about 600 centered in the Haiti. Experts say most buildings collapsed miles per hour. Earthquakes in Chile within 10 seconds after the quake started. crust (D) and in Many people did not have enough time to the upper part of have caused tsunamis that killed escape. the mantle (C). people in Japan. Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®. ® 20-2 (10); release dates: May 15-21

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick More About Earthquakes A changing world A tsunami destroyed this house and car near The crust, or surface of the Earth, Concepcion, Chile, after is broken into 15 huge parts called the February earthquake. plates. These plates are like giant This tsunami had waves puzzle pieces. about 32 feet tall. “Tsunami” comes from a Faults are located at the edges Japanese word meaning of these plates. A fault is a break in “harbor wave.” Tsunamis the Earth where plates may slip past can be caused by each other. Most earthquakes occur earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic along these faults. eruptions and meteorites During a quake, landing in the ocean.

one plate might photo by Dr. Walter D. Mooney, courtesy USGS move to the side. Size and strength The January The other plate Scientists have several different earthquake in Haiti might move the SOUTH had a magnitude of scales to measure the size of AMERICA

art courtesy U.S. Geological Survey other way. The earthquakes. They all can be 7.0. Chile’s February recent earthquake in Haiti was this translated into a measure called earthquake had an type of earthquake. magnitude. Using one measure 8.8 magnitude. This Or one plate makes it easier to compare quakes. was about 500 times might move up and The higher the magnitude, the Chile more powerful than the other might more powerful an earthquake is. A the Haiti quake. move down. The magnitude of USA In 1960, the biggest earthquake recent earthquake (FL) ever recorded hit Chile. It measured 7 and above is MEXICO DOMINICAN in Chile was this type of quake. This REPUBLIC considered to be at 9.5. This was more than 5,000 times type of quake and volcanoes often CUBA a major quake. stronger than the Haiti earthquake. occur in the same area. JAMAICA HAITI

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick TM Basset Brown try ’n The News Ready Resources Hound’s Earthquakes find The Mini Page provides ideas for Web sites, Words that remind us of earthquakes are hidden in the block below. Some books or other resources that will help you learn more words are hidden backward or diagonally. See if you can find: ALASKA, about this week’s topics. BUILDINGS, CALIFORNIA, CHILE, CORE, CRUST, DAY, EARTH, ENERGY, EPICENTER, FAULT, FIRE, HAITI, HIT, MAGNITUDE, MOVE, On the Web: PLATES, RING, SEISMIC, SHAKE, TSUNAMI, WAVES. • http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids • www.fema.gov/kids/knw_eq.htm R E W S G N I D L I U B M E K The Earth’s F I A A D E K A H S K L O N S At the library: crust is on the move! A I N R V A V I T I A H V E E • “Earthquakes” by Seymour Simon L C R G T E Y T S U R C E R I • “TIME for Kids: Earthquakes!” by the Editors of TIME for A O H E V H S W T L U A F G S Kids with Barbara Collier • “Earthquake in the Early Morning” (Magic Tree House No. S R I R E T N E C I P E K Y M 24) by Mary Pope Osborne K E T L D E D U T I N G A M I • “The Earth Dragon Awakes: The San Francisco Earthquake A S E T A L P I M A N U S T C of 1906” by Laurence Yep E L I H C A I N R O F I L A C Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®. ® 20-3 (10); release dates: May 15-21

TM TM Rookie Cookie’s Recipe Mini Spy . . . Grilled Cheese Plus Mini Spy and the gang are looking at an earthquake You’ll need: map of North America. See if you can find: • umbrella • 4 sandwich rolls • 4 reduced-fat American cheese • whale • sailboat • number 3 • fish • mayonnaise or Dijon mustard slices • bell • alligator • elephant • number 2 • 1 (14-ounce) can artichoke hearts, • 4 thick slices of tomato drained • Italian salad dressing • word MINI • chicken • question mark • peanut What to do: • number 7 • eyeglasses • teapot • key 1. Cut rolls in half and spread desired amount of mayonnaise or mustard on top halves. • flying goose • heart • exclamation mark 2. Slice artichoke hearts into fourths. 3. Place bottom halves of rolls on baking sheet. Layer cheese slices, artichokes and tomato slices. 4. Drizzle salad dressing over the top of tomatoes. 5. Broil sandwich bottoms for 2 minutes until cheese is melted. 6. Cover with tops and serve.

You will need an adult’s help with this recipe. from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick Meet Lara Jill Miller Lara Jill Miller is the voice of Izzie in the PBS series “SciGirls” and its partner, pbskids.org/ scigirls. Izzie is an animated character appearing with real girls involved with science. Lara began acting when she was 8 years old,

photo courtesy PBS appearing in the Broadway musical “The Music Man.” She later appeared in the TV series “Gimme a Break!” She became an attorney, but continues to work in show business as well. She has been the voice of characters in many shows, including several characters in the Disney Channel’s “Higglytown Heroes,” the puppy Clifford in PBS TV’s “Clifford’s Puppy Days,” Juniper in the Cartoon Network’s “The Life and Times of Juniper Lee” and Widget in Nickelodeon’s “Wow Wow Wubbzy.” Lara, 43, was born in Allentown, Pa. She enjoys juggling, tennis

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick ® The Mini Page Book of States TM NEW! The Mini Page’s popular series of issues about each state is collected here in a 156-page softcover book. Conveniently spiral-bound for ease of use, this invaluable All the following jokes have something in common. resource contains A-to-Z facts about each state, along with the District of Columbia. Illustrated with colorful Can you guess the common theme or category? photographs and art, and complete with updated information, The Mini Page Book of States will be a Geoff: What does a cow provide during an favorite in classrooms and homes for years to come. earthquake?

To order, send $15.99 ($19.99 Canada) plus $5 postage and Ted: Milk shakes! handling for each copy. Make check or money order (U.S. funds only) payable to Universal Uclick. Send to The Mini Page Book of States, Universal Uclick, P.O. Box 6814, Amy: What is a favorite breakfast during an Leawood, KS 66206. Or call toll-free 800-591-2097 or go earthquake? to www.smartwarehousing.com. Please send ______copies of The Mini Page Book of States Nhan: Quaker oats! (Item #0-7407-8549-4) at $20.99 each, total cost. (Bulk discount information available upon request.) Name: ______James: What did the duck say following the Address: ______Earth’s tremors? City: ______State: ______Zip: ______Sherman: “Quake, quake!” Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®. ® 20-4 (10); release dates: May 15-21

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick More Earthquake Facts Where in the world This girl is walking in front of a giant crack in a Earthquakes usually occur where highway near Petit-Goave, they have happened in the past. Most Haiti, after the January hit in areas around the Pacific Ocean. earthquake. This area is called the “Ring of Fire.” The shaded area shows the most active earthquake areas. photo by Dr. Walter Mooney, courtesy USGS Where in the U.S. Quake numbers More quake terms to know The chances of an earthquake Experts believe there are several are greatest in the western United The focus is where the earthquake million earthquakes in the world States. Florida and North Dakota starts. each year. We don’t even notice have the smallest number of The epicenter is the point on the most of them. They may be so small earthquakes in the country. Earth’s surface just above the focus. we don’t detect them. Or they may Alaska has the most earthquakes Epicenter hit areas with few people. Most Crust in America. It has a major occur under the sea or in mostly earthquake about once a year. Seismic Focus Seismic unpopulated areas. waves waves The largest recorded earthquake The number of big earthquakes is in the United States was off the coast Mantle not changing. Experts say there are of Alaska in 1964. It had a magnitude In the years before a quake, about 15 earthquakes of magnitude 7 of 9.2. the Earth’s crust bends. When it and one of about 8.8 each year. Even finally snaps into a new position, an It only seems as if there have been though this earthquake occurs. more quakes lately because some was the While the crust is snapping, have hit heavily populated areas. second-biggest vibrations called seismic (SIZE-mik) Earthquakes hit some areas more earthquake waves travel from the source of the frequently. For example, in the last ever recorded, quake to other parts of the Earth. 30 years, Chile has had about 15 it caused only major earthquakes. Haiti’s last Seismographs 131 deaths, (SIZE-moh- major destructive quake before partly because grafs) can

photo by W.R. Hansen, courtesy USGS January was in the 1700s. measure its main force The 1964 Alaska seismic waves thousands of miles away. hit in areas earthquake hit in the The Mini Page thanks Dr. Harley Benz, Look through your newspaper for stories with few waters of Prince William scientist in charge of the National people. Sound. It damaged Earthquake Information Center, United about natural disasters. buildings in nearby cities, States Geological Survey, for help with Next week, The Mini Page is about summer such as Anchorage. this issue. camps. The Mini Page Staff Betty Debnam - Founding Editor and Editor at Large Lisa Tarry - Managing Editor Lucy Lien - Associate Editor Wendy Daley - Artist Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®. Read all about earthquakes photo by Dr. Walter D. Mooney, Mooney, D. Walter Dr. by photo courtesy USGS in ®

Distributed by Universal Uclick by Betty Debnam Appearing in your newspaper on ______.

(Note to Editor: Above is camera- ready, one column-by-31/2-inch ad promoting Issue 20.)

release dates: May 15-21 20-5 (10)

from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick from The Mini Page © 2010 Universal Uclick ® TM Standards Spotlight: Earthquakes! Mini Page activities meet many state and national educational standards. Each week we identify standards that relate to The Mini Page’s content and offer activities that will help your students reach them. Supersport: Gordon Hayward This week’s standard: Height: 6-8 Weight: 200 Hometown: Brownsburg, Ind. • Students understand changes in the Earth and sky. (Science: Earth and Space By the looks of him now, it’s hard to believe Gordon Hayward Science) was a 5-foot, 10-inch guard in high school. “I prayed to be 6-2,” he Activities: said. And, boy, did he get more inches! 1. For fun, find five things in the newspaper that shake. Explain your choices. Hayward used his 6-8 height — and his skills — to lead Butler’s 2. Circle newspaper pictures of items you would send to help people who have just basketball team to the school’s first Final Four appearance on been in an earthquake. April 3-5, which was held in an arena near the school’s campus in 3. On one half of a piece of paper, paste newspaper words/pictures of tools to Indianapolis. The Bulldogs play their home games in the same Hinkle Gym where repair or rebuild houses. On the other half, paste words/pictures of materials part of the movie “Hoosiers” was filmed. used to make those repairs. Without Hayward, Butler probably wouldn’t have become the big story. The 4. How do these terms relate to earthquakes: (a) tsunami, (b) plates, (c) epicenter, talented sophomore averaged 15.2 points and 8.3 rebounds in the first 36 games. and (d) Ring of Fire? He won Horizon League Player of the Year honors, then was named Most 5. Use the Web sites in today’s Mini Page to learn about earthquake careers. Outstanding Player in the NCAA West Regional finals after sparking an upset Choose a career you might like. Write a paragraph about the qualifications for win over Kansas State. that career. Gordon is also a scholarly student with a 3.3 grade point average. This once (standards by Dr. Sherrye D. Garrett, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi) “little” guard now plays a giant’s role on the court.

(Note to Editor: Above is the Standards for Issue 20.) (Note to Editor: Above is copy block for Page 3, Issue 20, to be used in place of ad if desired.)

Please include all of the appropriate registered trademark symbols and copyright lines in any publication of The Mini Page®.