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The Woman for Women in Bengal
The Criterion www.the-criterion.com An International Journal in English ISSN 0976-8165 Vol. III. Issue. IV 1 December 2012 The Criterion www.the-criterion.com An International Journal in English ISSN 0976-8165 Rokeya’s Reverse Thoughts: Sketch of Male Characters in Sultana’s Dream Md. Mohoshin Reza Assistant Professor, Department of English Bangladesh University of Business and Technology (BUBT) Rupnagar, Mirpur 2, Dhaka, Bangladesh Abstract: Characters of the male folk in Rokeya’s Sultana’s Dream impart images of men with no human characteristics and tendencies. They only physically resemble as humans but are indeed idle, unpunctual, arrogant, selfish, dominating and fanatic to customs and convention and most of all, anti woman in attitude. They are, egocentric, dominating, and scornful to women. But things turn reverse and the entire male folk come to be terribly avenged in the story of Sultana’s Dream. Finally, they come to wear the shackles of Purdah and remain confined to Murdana (Seclusion) as the same way as they did to women. 1 Introduction Rokeya (1887-1947 A.D) is considered to be the visionary emancipator of women in Bengal (presently Bangladesh). The core inspiration of her literary works rests in her realization of the needs of taking measures against the suppression, oppression and domination of men over the women race for centuries in Bengal (Alam, 1992: 55). Her mission of sowing the seeds of self strength in the mind of Bengal’s women has always been underlying in her literary works. Sultana’s Dream is one of her distinguished literary pieces in English. -
1 Introduction
210 Notes Notes 1Introduction 1 See Taj I. Hashmi, ‘Islam in Bangladesh Politics’, in H. Mutalib and T.I. Hashmi (eds), Islam, Muslims and the Modern State, pp. 100–34. 2The Government of Bangladesh, The Constitution of the People’s Repub- lic of Bangladesh, Section 28 (1 & 2), Government Printing Press, Dhaka, 1990, p. 19. 3See Coordinating Council for Human Rights in Bangladesh, (CCHRB) Bangladesh: State of Human Rights, 1992, CCHRB, Dhaka; Rabia Bhuiyan, Aspects of Violence Against Women, Institute of Democratic Rights, Dhaka, 1991; US Department of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Prac- tices for 1992, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1993; Rushdie Begum et al., Nari Nirjatan: Sangya O Bishleshon (Bengali), Narigrantha Prabartana, Dhaka, 1992, passim. 4 CCHRB Report, 1993, p. 69. 5 Immigration and Refugee Board (Canada), Report, ‘Women in Bangla- desh’, Human Rights Briefs, Ottawa, 1993, pp. 8–9. 6Ibid, pp. 9–10. 7 The Daily Star, 18 January 1998. 8Rabia Bhuiyan, Aspects of Violence, pp. 14–15. 9 Immigration and Refugee Board Report, ‘Women in Bangladesh’, p. 20. 10 Taj Hashmi, ‘Islam in Bangladesh Politics’, p. 117. 11 Immigration and Refugee Board Report, ‘Women in Bangladesh’, p. 6. 12 Tazeen Mahnaz Murshid, ‘Women, Islam, and the State: Subordination and Resistance’, paper presented at the Bengal Studies Conference (28–30 April 1995), Chicago, pp. 1–2. 13 Ibid, pp. 4–5. 14 U.A.B. Razia Akter Banu, ‘Jamaat-i-Islami in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects’, in Hussin Mutalib and Taj Hashmi (eds), Islam, Muslim and the Modern State, pp. 86–93. 15 Lynne Brydon and Sylvia Chant, Women in the Third World: Gender Issues in Rural and Urban Areas, p. -
Toward a Definitive Grammar of Bengali - a Practical Study and Critique of Research on Selected Grammatical Structures
TOWARD A DEFINITIVE GRAMMAR OF BENGALI - A PRACTICAL STUDY AND CRITIQUE OF RESEARCH ON SELECTED GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES HANNE-RUTH THOMPSON Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD SOUTH ASIA DEPARTMENT SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES LONDON O c t o b e r ZOO Laf ProQuest Number: 10672939 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672939 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT This thesis is a contribution to a deeper understanding of selected Bengali grammatical structures as far as their syntactic and semantic properties are concerned. It questions traditional interpretations and takes a practical approach in the detailed investigation of actual language use. My methodology is based on the belief that clarity and inquisitiveness should take precedence over alliance to particular grammar theories and that there is still much to discover about the way the Bengali language works. Chapter 1 This chapter on non-finite verb forms discusses the occurrences and functions of Bengali non-finite verb forms and concentrates particularly on the overlap of infinitives and verbal nouns, the distinguishing features between infinitives and present participles, the semantic properties of verbal adjectives and the syntactic restrictions of perfective participles. -
Chalantika : Strategies of Compilation Md
iex›`ª wek¦we`¨vjq cwÎKv \ msL¨v : 2 \ kir 1427 Chalantika : Strategies of Compilation Md. Mainul Islam* [Abstract : Chalantika (1930) Dictionary was published at a time when many Bangla dictionaries, large and small, were readily available. Despite having such a large number of dictionaries, Rajshekhar Basu realized the lack of a handy and at a time effective dictionary. So he decided to compile such a dictionary which will help much the readers who faces trouble reading modern literature. To meet the objectives Rajshekhar Basu followed some special strategies in the Compilation of Chalantika.This paper is concerned almost exclusively with the process and techniques of compilation applied in Chalantika] Key words : Lexicography, Compilation, Entry, Orthography, Synonym, Appendix. The effects of the Renaissance in the nineteenth century that were observed on education, social development, study of native culture etc. in British India became much clearer in the next century. Along with other sectors, many positive changes and developments were noticed in the study of language and literature. Study of Bangla Lexicography moved a step forward in twentieth century. The most important and mentionable achievement for this sector is that, native lexicographers took several initiatives to compile Bangla Dictionary and showed profound skill in their works. Names of some native lexicographers who have played a leading role in the twentieth century are : Jogesh Chandra Ray Vidyanidhi (Bangala Sabdakosh, 1903), Subal Chandra Mitra (Saral Bangala Abhidahan, 1906), Janendra Mohan Das (Bangala Bhashar Abhidhan, 1917), Rajshekhar Basu (Chalantika, 1930) Haricharan Bandopadhayaya (Bangiya Sabdakosh, 1932), Ashu Tosh Dev (1938), Kazi Abdul Wadud (Byabaharik Sabdakosh, 1953), Sailendra Biswas (Samsad Bangla Abhidhan, 1955), Muhammad Enamul Haque & Shibprosanna Lahiri (Byabaharik Bangla Abhidhan, 1974 & 1984), Ahmed Sharif (Sangkhipta Bangla Abhidhan, 1992), Abu Ishaque (Bangla Academy Samakalin Bangla Bhashar Abhidhan, 1993) et al. -
Professor KAZI DIN MUHAMMAD (B
http://www.bmri.org.uk Professor KAZI DIN MUHAMMAD (b. 1927- d. 2011) I have been aware of Kazi Din Muhammad since my youth. I first became familiar with his name as early as 1958 when I read a book of humorous anecdotes titled “Golak Chandrer Antmakatha” (Autobiography of Golak Chandra). As a young student, I found the book very funny and hilarious. The author of this book was born in the district Faridpur (circa 1906), but many years later when I asked Dr Kazi Din Muhammad whether he was the author of that book, he revealed that it was, in fact, written by another Kazi Din Muhammad who was also a prominent writer. Long time after I left Alokdihi Jan Bakhsh High English School in Dinajpur, I heard Kazi Din Muhammad’s name again, thanks to late Professor Mufakhkharul Islam, who taught Bengali Literature at Carmichael College, Rangpur. He told me that he was a classmate of Kazi Din Muhammad in the Department of Bangla at Dhaka University in the late 1940s. He remembered him affectionately, as both of them had studied for their Master’s Degree (MA) in Bengali Literature at Dhaka University in 1949. When the Examination results were published, Kazi Din Muhammad was awarded First Class First Degree and Mufakhkharul Islam had received a Second Class First. They remained good friends and held each other in high regard. In fact, both of them became very prominent scholars of Bengali Literature. When I had an opportunity to speak to Professor Kazi Din Muhammad in 2006, he confirmed that he was indeed a classmate of Mufakhkharul Islam at Dhaka University. -
Democratic Practices in Bangladesh
DEMOCRATIC PRACTICES IN BANGLADESH Khadga K.C. ABSTRACT Unless Bangladesh will find credible means to change the political culture within which it function, the viability of democracy will remain doubtful. Though it is about four decades of independence, the history of democracy isn’t worth to value its principles in its actual practice. Bangladesh’s democracy is distorted by the malpractices of political power by her politicians. The quality of democracy in the country has been jeopardized by the immature practices and attitudes by its political party, in or out of power. In fact, the democracy in Bangladesh is deprived within/by the practice of democracy itself. Consequently, democracy becomes fragile and cannot run smoothly with its own spirit. It is now widely accepted that Bangladesh is facing a crisis of governance which originates in a malfunctioning of the democratic process. The qualitative deterioration of governance leads to raise lack of concern in pursuing democratic values in practice. The people of this country cannot extract favors from democracy rather their interests become somewhat distorted. In this way the steady failure to get better governance could threaten the sustainability of practicing democracy in Bangladesh repeatedly. INTRODUCTION Democracy is a continuous political process, which can only be sustained and developed by giving due attention to certain issues which is conducive to people’s concern. Though Bangladesh has passed 39 years of its independence, it has failed to institute democracy as a political tradition. The political history of Bangladesh in the last half century divulges a country wedged in a pendulum swing between democracy and dictatorship, between hopelessness and optimism, and between mass lethargy and violent collective action. -
Burqa and the Begum: Strategic Adoption of Islam in Rokeya's Later
Indian Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies ISSN: 2321-8274 Burqa and the Begum: Strategic Adoption of Islam in Rokeya’s Later Writings Durdana Matin Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh Page | 35 Abstract: Evidence can be found in the life and works of Begum Rokeya, a major cultural figure in the Indian subcontinent, to support the popular notion that she pioneered and strongly advocated the importance of the advancement of female education in Bengal. She encountered certain issues in her time that would be recognized by feminists today as their rallying points too. They would also perceive in her response to those issues a clear feminist edge. However, one is likely to notice a marked change in her position from intransigence in her early life to pacifism later. Both conservatives and liberals lay claim to her as their champion though the idealistic and pacifist image of her carved by the conservatives has been established as her true representation and more successfully instilled in the popular psyche ever since her death. On the other hand, those who depict her as belligerent and unapologetic have not been able to make a strong case for this image as Rokeya did not stick to this polemical position for too long. Consequently, the popular version of Rokeya as a pious, modest and God-fearing person concerned with the deplorable condition of women in her community in colonial Bengal has stuck. However, even this interpretation of Rokeya has its limitations. This paper attempts to explore the true identity of Rokeya in the light of her life and works contrary to the one constructed by the prevailing popular discourse. -
Or Would It Be Coming out of the Revenue Budget on Behalf of the Govt
Report No. 56 State of the Bangladesh Economy and Budget Responses 2002 Centre for Policy Dialogue House 40c, Road 11, Dhanmondi R/A, GPO Box 2129,Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh Tel: 8124770, 9141703, 9141734; Fax: 8130951; E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cpd-bangladesh.org February, 2003 The Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), established in 1993, is an innovative initiative to promote an ongoing process of dialogue between the principal partners in the decision- making and implementing process. The dialogues are designed to address important policy issues and to seek constructive solutions to these problems. The Centre has already organised a series of such major dialogues at local, regional and national levels. These dialogues have brought together ministers, opposition frontbenchers, MPs, business leaders, NGOs, donors, professionals and other functional groups in civil society within a non- confrontational environment to promote focused discussions. The expectation of the CPD is to create a national policy consciousness where members of civil society will be made aware of critical policy issues affecting their lives and will come together in support of particular policy agendas which they feel are conducive to the well being of the country. The CPD has also organised a number of South Asian bilateral and regional dialogues as well as some international dialogues. In support of the dialogue process the Centre is engaged in research programmes which are both serviced by and are intended to serve as inputs for particular dialogues organised by the Centre throughout the year. Some of the major research programmes of CPD include The Independent Review of Bangladesh's Development (IRBD), Governance and Development, Population and Sustainable Development, Trade Policy Analysis and Multilateral Trading System, Corporate Responsibility, Governance, Regional Cooperation for Infrastructure Development and Leadership Programme for the Youth. -
Downloadable) At
Number 1 May 2011 ONLINE A CPMS Peer Reviewed Journal on Journalism, Media and Communication Studies Editor Mahmudul Hoque Moni Centre for Practical Multimedia Studies (CPMS) A CPMS Peer Reviewed Journal on Journalism, Media and Communication Number 1, May, 2011 Page 1 of 39 Publisher: Centre for Practical Multimedia Studies An organization formed by some current and former students of the University of Dhaka E-mail: [email protected] www.cpmsbd.org Place of Publication: Dhaka, Bangladesh Time of Publication: May 2011 ISSN No: In Progress Copyright © 2011 to the Publisher and to the Respective Authors All correspondence to: Mahmudul Hoque Moni Chief Executive Centre for Practical Multimedia Studies (CPMS) E-mail: [email protected] This e-journal is also available (free downloadable) at: http://www.cpmsbd.org A CPMS Peer Reviewed Journal on Journalism, Media and Communication Number 1, May, 2011 Page 2 of 39 Foreword __________________________________ Centre for Practical Multimedia Studies (CPMS) is an organization formed by some current and former students of the University of Dhaka. The objective of this organization is to encourage multimedia researches on Journalism, Media and Communication. The organization also wills to produce Mobile journalists (MoJo) for national and international media. ONLINE is a peer reviewed journal more concerning of the practical grounds of Journalism, Media and Communication. The journal aims to provide studies and scholarly articles from different parts of the world. This is in fact the first international peer reviewed journal on this focus published from Bangladesh. The pdf format of this journal can be downloaded free of cost from CPMS website. -
Humayun Azad Pdf Books Free Download
Humayun azad pdf books free download Continue Tag: Humayun Azad November 12, 2018 AllFreeBD admin1 Chappanno Hajar Borgo mile written by Humayun Azad is a book novel by Bangla. He was a very brave writer. This book is about our war of liberation. Chappanno Hajar Borg... Read the full post or download. Category: Bangla Books, E-Books, Humayun Azad Tags: Tags: allfreebd, allfreebd books, bangla epub, bangla PDF, best free Bangla book download, Chappanno Hajar Borgomile, download any Bangla books, e-books free download, free books Bangla, free e-books in Bangla, Humayun Azad, Kindle Bangla e-book PDF November 12, 2018 AllFreeBD Admin Narmin1it wrten Nari Humayun Azad was published in 2008 by Agami Prakashani. Read online or download below: ... Read the full post or download. Category: Bangla Books, E-Books, Humayun Azad Tags: Tags: allfreebd, allfreebd books, bangla epub, bangla PDF, best free Bangla book download, download any Bangla books, e-books free download, free books Bangla, free e-books in Bangla, Humayun Azad, Kindle Bangla e-book PDF, Nari November 12, 2018 AllFreeBD Admin1 Amra ki ei Bangladesh chelamchi written by Humayun Azad is a popular article. This book is very popular. Amra kii ai Bangladesh cheyechilam was the first publ ... Read the full post or download. Category: Bangla Books, e-books, Humayun Azad Tags: Tags: allfreebd, allfreebd books, Amra ki ei Bangladesh cheyechilam, bangla epub, bangla pdf, best free download e-books bangla, download any e-books Bangla, e-books free download, free books Bangla, free e-books in Bangla, Humayun Azad, Kindle Bangla e-book PDF November 12, 2018 AllFreeFreeBD Admin1 Dhormanuvutir Uptha is another popular article written by Humay. -
University of Alberta
University of Alberta Indeterminacy in Rabindranath Tagore's Representation of Women and Minorities by Srabonee Mustafiz A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English Department of English and Film Studies ©Srabonee Mustafiz Fall 2012 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-91435-9 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-91435-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. -
Killing for Blasphemy and the Ghost of Al Qaeda in Bangladesh Abstract
1 Killing for Blasphemy and the Ghost of al Qaeda in Bangladesh Taj Hashmi Abstract While Islamist terror outfits like HUJI (B) and JMB resorted to indiscriminate killing of innocent civilians up to 2005/2006 to establish an alternative Islamic order, the vicious attack on Humayun Azad in early 2004 – purportedly by Islamists for his blasphemous anti- Islamic writings – signaled a new pattern in the realm of political assassination in Bangladesh. Afterwards assassins have killed five people for blasphemous writings against Islam. This paper sheds light on the problem of killing for blasphemy against Islam, with a view to drawing a line between ideologically motivated target killing of “blasphemers” by Muslim fanatics, and indiscriminate killing of total strangers by ideologically motivated Islamist terrorist groups. Although target killings or assassinations of “blasphemers” could be acts of terrorism, but there are compelling reasons not to assume that the ongoing killing for blasphemy in the country are acts of terrorism. In the backdrop of inadequate information, contradictory, over-simplified reports, and the dubious role of government agencies vis-à-vis the so-called Ansarullah Bangla Team (“al Qaeda affiliate”) attacks in Bangladesh, one believes there are lots of delusional cries of “Wolf” behind the curtain. Keywords: HUJI (B); JMB; Islamic/Islamist; Bangladesh; killing for blasphemy; Ansarullah Bangla Team; al Qaeda. Taj Hashmi is Professor in Austin Peay State University, USA. Email ID: [email protected] Islam and Muslim Societies: A Social Science Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2017) www.muslimsocieties.org 2 Introduction There is nothing new about political violence in Bangladesh since the pre-Liberation days.