The Master Mystic
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The Un/Selfish Leader Changing Notions in a Tamil Nadu Village
The un/selfish leader Changing notions in a Tamil Nadu village Björn Alm The un/selfish leader Changing notions in a Tamil Nadu village Doctoral dissertation Department of Social Anthropology Stockholm University S 106 91 Stockholm Sweden © Björn Alm, 2006 Department for Religion and Culture Linköping University S 581 83 Linköping Sweden This book, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in any form without the permission of the author. ISBN 91-7155-239-1 Printed by Edita Sverige AB, Stockholm, 2006 Contents Preface iv Note on transliteration and names v Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Structure of the study 4 Not a village study 9 South Indian studies 9 Strength and weakness 11 Doing fieldwork in Tamil Nadu 13 Chapter 2 The village of Ekkaraiyur 19 The Dindigul valley 19 Ekkaraiyur and its neighbours 21 A multi-linguistic scene 25 A religious landscape 28 Aspects of caste 33 Caste territories and panchayats 35 A village caste system? 36 To be a villager 43 Chapter 3 Remodelled local relationships 48 Tanisamy’s model of local change 49 Mirasdars and the great houses 50 The tenants’ revolt 54 Why Brahmans and Kallars? 60 New forms of tenancy 67 New forms of agricultural labour 72 Land and leadership 84 Chapter 4 New modes of leadership 91 The parliamentary system 93 The panchayat system 94 Party affiliation of local leaders 95 i CONTENTS Party politics in Ekkaraiyur 96 The paradox of party politics 101 Conceptualising the state 105 The development state 108 The development block 110 Panchayats and the development block 111 Janus-faced leaders? 119 -
Compassion for Living Creatures in Indian Law Courts
religions Article Compassion for Living Creatures in Indian Law Courts Gilles Tarabout Director of Research (Emeritus), National Centre for Scientific Research, 75016 Paris, France; [email protected] Received: 27 March 2019; Accepted: 10 June 2019; Published: 14 June 2019 Abstract: The Constitution of India through an amendment of 1976 prescribes a Fundamental Duty ‘to have compassion for living creatures’. The use of this notion in actual legal practice, gathered from various judgments, provides a glimpse of the current debates in India that address the relationships between humans and animals. Judgments explicitly mentioning ‘compassion’ cover diverse issues, concerning stray dogs, trespassing cattle, birds in cages, bull races, cart-horses, animal sacrifice, etc. They often juxtapose a discourse on compassion as an emotional and moral attitude, and a discourse about legal rights, essentially the right not to suffer unnecessary pain at the hands of humans (according to formulae that bear the imprint of British utilitarianism). In these judgments, various religious founding figures such as the Buddha, Mahavira, etc., are paid due tribute, perhaps not so much in reference to their religion, but rather as historical icons—on the same footing as Mahatma Gandhi—of an idealized intrinsic Indian compassion. Keywords: India; animal welfare; compassion; Buddhism; court cases In 1976, the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India introduced a new section detailing various Fundamental Duties1 that citizens were to observe. One of these duties is ‘to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures’ (Constitution of India, Part IV-A, Art. -
ANNEXURE 5.8 (CHAPTER V, PARA 25) FORM 9 List of Applica Ons For
12/2/2020 Form9_AC6_02/12/2020 ANNEXURE 5.8 (CHAPTER V, PARA 25) FORM 9 List of Applicaons for inclusion received in Form 6 Designated locaon identy (where applicaons Constuency (Assembly/£Parliamentary): Avadi Revision identy have been received) From date To date @ 2. Period of applicaons (covered in this list) 1. List number 01/12/2020 01/12/2020 3. Place of hearing* Serial $ Date of Name of Father / Mother / Date of Time of number Name of claimant Place of residence of receipt Husband and (Relaonship)# hearing* hearing* applicaon 1 01/12/2020 Manikandan K Krishnan R (F) 135/8, avadi main road, Paruthipau, , Thiruvallur #20, BOUND STREET, KOVILPATHAGAI, AVADI 2 01/12/2020 PRASANNA E ELANGO R (F) , , Thiruvallur 3 01/12/2020 PRASANNA E ELANGO R (F) #20, BOUND STREET, KOVILPATHAGAI, AVADI, , Thiruvallur NO 6 , 8TH STREET THIRUVALLUVAR 4 01/12/2020 LATHA PARAMASIVAM (H) NAGAR, THIRUMULLAIVOYAL, , Thiruvallur NO 5 PHASE 1, SWATHI NAGAR , KANNADAPALAYAM 5 01/12/2020 BHAVANI S SELVAKUMAR (F) KOVILPATHAGAI AVADI CHENNAI , , Thiruvallur NO 26, 2ND STREET, 4TH CROSS STREET, INDRA 6 01/12/2020 AMANULLAH S SYED MOHAMED (F) NAGAR, CHOLAPURAM, , Thiruvallur NO 72A, SARADHI 7 01/12/2020 RAJAMANI C EAKAMBARAM (F) NAGAR, KARUNAKARACHERI, , Thiruvallur SUBISHANA 8 01/12/2020 DHARMAGURU LAKSHMANAN (F) NO 1, INDRA NAGAR, KOVILPADHAGAI, , Thiruvallur DHARMAGURU NO 72A, SARATHI 9 01/12/2020 C GIRIJA RAJAMANI (H) NAGAR, KARUNAKARACHERI, , Thiruvallur PLOT NO 91, 6 TH STREET THIRUMALAI VASAN NAGAR S 10 01/12/2020 MANU RAMESH R RAMESAN P G (F) M NAGAR POST, -
INDIAN LITERATURE Stuart Blackburn, Ph.D
INDIAN LITERATURE Stuart Blackburn, Ph.D. Study Guide Description This course covers the literature of south Asia, from early Vedic Ages, and through classical time, and the rise of various empires. It also explores the rise of different religions and convergences of them, and then the transition from colonial control to independence. Students will analyze primary texts covering the genres of poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction, and will discuss them from different critical stances. They will demonstrate their knowledge and understanding of the works by responding to questions focusing on the works, movements, authors, themes, and motifs. In addition, they will discuss the historical, social, cultural, or biographical contexts of the works‘ production. This course is intended for students who already possess a bachelor‘s and, ideally, a master‘s degree, and who would like to develop interdisciplinary perspectives that integrate with their prior knowledge and experience. About the Professor This course was prepared by Stuart Blackburn, Ph.D., research associate / research fellow, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies, Department of Languages and Cultures of South Asia. Contents Pre-classical Classical Early Post –classical Late Post-classical Early Modern 19th Century Early 20th Century Late 20th Century © 2017 by Humanities Institute PRE-CLASSICAL PERIOD POETRY Overview Pre-classical Indian literature contains two types of writing: poetry and commentary (which resembles the essay). These ancient texts (dating from about 1200 to 400 BCE) were composed, transmitted and recited in Sanskrit by Brahmin priests. It is poetry, however, that dominates the corpus of Vedic literature and is considered the more sacred style of expression. -
The Emergence of Modern Hinduism
1 Introduction Rethinking Religious Change in Nineteenth-Century South Asia For millennia, one of the most consistent characteristics of Hindu traditions has been variation. Scholarly work on contemporary Hinduism and its premodern antecedents ably captures this complexity, paying attention to a wide spectrum of ideologies, practices, and positions of authority. Studies of religion in ancient India stress doctrinal variation in the period, when ideas about personhood, liberation, the efficacy of ritual, and deities were all contested in a variety of texts and con- texts. Scholarship on contemporary Hinduism grapples with a vast array of rituals, styles of leadership, institutions, cultural settings, and social formations. However, when one turns to the crucial period of the nineteenth century, this complexity fades, with scholars overwhelmingly focusing their attention on leaders and move- ments that can be considered under the rubric “reform Hinduism.” The result has been an attenuated nineteenth-century historiography of Hinduism and a unilin- eal account of the emergence of modern Hinduism. Narratives about the emergence of modern Hinduism in the nineteenth century are consistent in their presumptions, form, and content. Important aspects of these narratives are familiar to students who have read introductory texts on Hinduism, and to scholars who write and teach those texts. At the risk of present- ing a caricature of these narratives, here are their most basic characteristics. The historical backdrop includes discussions of colonialism, Christian missions, and long- standing Hindu traditions. The cast of characters is largely the same in every account, beginning with Rammohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj, moving on to Dayananda Saraswati and the Arya Samaj, and ending with Swami Vivekananda’s “muscular” Hinduism. -
A Novel Approach to Harness Maximum Power from Solar PV Panel 10-16 G
EDITORIAL Dear Members, Fellow Professionals, Friends and Well wishers, The Profession of ‘Electrical Installation Engineer’ revolves around Technology, Efficiency and Safety. Safety and Reliability are of utmost Concern with equal concern for Technology and Efficiency as they direct us to Better Controls and Conservation. 11th of May is marked as “National Technology Day” and let us remember that the Technological Inventions and Improvements have, in fact, been the cause for all our Galloping Developments over the past 150 years, but ;Challenges’ continue to remain. One of the important challenges is the “Storage of Electricity” and the solutions available at present are Storage Batteries of Lead Acid and other types with their limitations of capacities and weights and Life etc. Continuous researches are taking place all over the World and even as recently as April ’13, some land mark successes have been achieved. Announcement of successful design of low-cost, long-life battery that could enable solar and wind energy to become major suppliers to the electrical grid has come as a step forward. Currently the electrical grid cannot tolerate large and sudden power fluctuations caused by wide swings in sunlight and wind. As solar and wind’s combined contributions to an electrical grid approach 20 percent, energy storage systems must be available to smooth out the peaks and valleys of this “intermittent” power — storing excess energy and discharging when input drops. For solar and wind power to be used in a significant way, we need a battery made of economical materials that are easy to scale and still efficient, and it is believed that the new battery may be the best yet designed to regulate the natural fluctuations of these alternative energies. -
Shankari Devi Shankti Peetan Tour (Based on Ramayana) 6N 7D
Shankari Devi Shankti Peetan Tour (Based on Ramayana) 6N 7D Day Airport / Chilaw / Habarana - (Approximate travel time 4-5 hours) Based on morning arrival flights. 1 Welcome at Airport by Helanka Vacations Representative and transfer to Habarana via Chilaw. En route visit the 02 temple in Chilaw. MUNNESWARAM TEMPLE - It is believed that Munneswaram predates the Ramayana and a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva was located here. Munneswaram means the first temple for Shiva (Munnu + Easwaran). A Shiva Lingam was already here when Lord Rama visited this place. Lord Rama after his victorious battle left for Ayodhya with Sita in one of King Ravana’s Vimanas. MANAVARI TEMPLE - The first lingam was installed at Manavari near the banks of the Deduru Oya (river). The Manavari Temple in Chilaw, is the place where first lingam installed and prayed by Rama, hence to date this lingam is called as Ramalinga Shivan. Rameshwaram is the only other lingam in the world named after Lord Rama. Arrive and check in to Hotel in Habarana. Rest of the day at leisure. Habarana - Situated towards the center of the island of Sri Lanka, northeast of Dambulla, Habarana is the gateway to many of the region’s top attractions. The central highlight of the town is the beautiful Habarana Lake, around which bananas grow and elephants wander and bathe. Wildlife enthusiasts flock to the Minneriya and Kaudulla National Parks which are well populated with elephants and other wildlife. For those looking to take in some Sri Lankan culture, the sacred city of Anuradhapura, cave temples in Dambulla, and the UNESCO world heritage site of the Sigiriya Rock Fortress are all accessible from Habarana. -
Syllabus Md Siddha -Siddhar Yoga Maruthuvam
CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE SIDDHA MARUTHUVA PERARINGNAR (M.D. (SIDDHA) COURSE SYLLABUS FOR SIDDHAR YOGA MARUTHUVAM (SIDDHAR’S YOGIC SCIENCE) SPECIALITY [UNDER THE INDIAN MEDICINE CENTRAL COUNCIL (POST GRADUATE SIDDHA EDUCATION) REGULATIONS, 2016.] GOAL: The main goal of the post -graduate education in SIDDHAR YOGA MARUTHUVAM is to enable medical student understand, envisage and explain life processes as YOGA AND MEDICINE and apply his knowledge and skills in clinical problems solving and scientific research. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the Three years training in Siddhar yoga maruthuvam, the postgraduate student is expected to gain knowledgeand demonstrate his understanding of the Concepts and principles of Siddhar yoga maruthuvam. This includes Thirumoolar’s Thirumandiram Attanga yogam and other yogam of various Sidddhars, role of yogam in current scenario, yogam in different school of thoughts and role of Yogam intreating various life style disorders and also to promote physical and mental fitness. Fundamentals of biostatistics and research methodology CCIM MD Siddha - Siddhar Yoga Maruthuvam Syllabus Page 1 of 27 FIRST YEAR (Preliminary Examination) S.NO SUBJECT THEORY PRACTICAL/CLINICAL VIVA TOTAL MARKS 1. PAPER –I 100 Minor Project - -- 200 Research Methodology and Bio - 100(Submission of report - Medical Statistics 60 marks, Publication/presentation- 20 marks, Oral-20 Marks) 2. PAPER –II 100 -- 50 150 Basic Principle of Siddhar Yogam and Applied Aspects SECOND YEAR Essential:Obtain CME credit points through Seminars/Workshops/Conferences(National/International) Desirable: Publication/ Visits or internship at Industry / Lab / Research institute /other AYUSH Institutionsx/ Journal club/ Teaching under graduate Students THIRD YEAR (Final Examination) S.NO SUBJECT THEORY PRACTICAL/CLINICAL VIVA TOTAL MARKS 1. -
SRILANKA RAMAYANA TOUR (8 Nights – 9 Days)
SRILANKA RAMAYANA TOUR (8 Nights – 9 Days) DAY 01 (AIRPORT – CHILAW – NEGOMBO) ( Morning Flight) Arrival to Sri Lanka! You will be met by our Representative, later will visit the Manavari & Munneshwaram Temples in Chilaw. After completion will return to the Hotel. Dinner & overnight stay in Negombo (D) Manavari Temple - Manavari is the first lingam installed and prayed by Lord Rama and till date this lingam is called as Ramalinga Shivan. Rameshwaram is the only other lingam in the world named after Lord Rama. Munneshwaram Temple - Lord Rama after his victorious battle left for Ayodhya in one of King Ravana’s Vimanas. He felt he was being followed by Bramahathi Dosham as he killed King Ravana who was a Brahmin. He stopped the Vimana at this juncture because he felt at this place the “Bramahathi Dosham” was not following him. He discended from the Vimana and asked God Shiva for a remedy. God Shiva blessed Lord Rama and advised him to install and pray four lingams in Manavari, Thirukoneshwaram, Thiruketheeswaram and Rameshwaram in India, as the only remedy to get rid of the Dosham. DAY 02 (NEGOMBO – TRINCOMALEE) After early breakfast will restfully drive to Trincomalee, upon arrival will visit the Kanniya Ravana Water well, Shankari Devi Shakthi Peetam Temple, start ChandiHomam Agni Pooja Ceremony, visit Trirukoneshwaram Temple, visit MahaKalai Amman Temple, Luxmi Narayana Temple, evening return back to the hotel or enjoy a walk in the beautiful Nilaveli Beach. Dinner & overnight stay in Trincomalee. (B,D) Kanniya Ravana water wells - Kanniya’s origin is that this is the place where King Ravana carried out the last rites for his mother. -
Temples Within Chennai City
Temples within Chennai City 1 As the famous Tamil poetess AUVAYYAR says in Her Legendary presentation of cluster of hymns “Kovil illatha ooril kudi irukkathe” Please don’t reside in a place where there is no temple. The Statement of our forefathers is sacrosanct because the temple indicates that the community is graced by the presence of God and that its Citizens form a moral community. A Community identifies and is identified by others with its temples. It has been our ancient endavour to lead a pious life with full dedication to the services of the Lord. Sri Paramacharya of Kanchi Mutt has repeatedly called devotees and stressed the importance of taking care of old temples - which requires enormous power of men and money - instead of constructing new temples in cities. As you may be aware, there are thousands of temples in dilapidated condition and requires constant maintenance work to be undertaken. There are many shiva lingas of ancient temples found under trees and also while digging. In ancient times, these lingas were 'Moolavars' of temples built by several kings. After conquests and devastations by foreign invaders, Indian temples were destructed and the sacred deities were thrown away and many were broken. The left out deities are found later. Of them, some are unidentified. Those who attempt to construct temples for gods are freed from the sins of a thousand births. Those who think of building a temple in their minds are freed from the sins of a hundred births. Those who contribute to the cause of a temple are bestowed with divine virtues and blessings. -
Athisarapitham
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SIDDHA Chennai – 47 THE TAMIL NADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI - 32 A STUDY ON ATHISARAPITHAM (DISSERTATION SUBJECT) For the partial fulfillment of the requirements to the Degree of DOCTOR OF MEDICINE (SIDDHA) BRANCH V – NOI NAADAL DEPARTMENT SEPTEMBER – 2008 Chapter Contents Page no. No. Acknowledgement I Introduction 1 1.1.Sukarana Nilai in Siddha System 3 1.2.Kukarana Nilai in Siddha System 41 1.3.Diagnostic Methodology 47 II Aim and Objectives 62 64 III Review of Literature - Siddha 1. Yugi Vaithiya Chinthamani 65 2. Survey of other Siddha literature 66 IV Pathological View of Dissertation Topic 79 V Review of Modern Literature 101 VI Evaluation of Dissertation Topic 117 6.1. Materials and Methods 120 6.2. Observations and Results 6.3. Allied parameters VII Discussion 137 VIII Summary and Conclusion 145 Annexure Bibliography 2 AACCKKNNOOWWLLEEDDGGEEMMEENNTT 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I express my sincere thanks to our Vice-chancellor, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude and acknowledgement to Dr. S. Boopathi Raj, M.D. (S)., Director, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai – 47 for giving me permission to utilize the facilities available in the college to complete my dissertation work. I express my sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Manickavasagam, M.D. (S). Dean, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai. I express my deep sense of gratitude, debtfulness, dignity and diligent salutations to Prof. Dr. M. Logamanian, M.D. (S)., Ph .D, Head of the Department, Noi Naadal Hospital Superindent, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai. -
History Meenakshi Temple, Also Referred to As Meenakshi Amman Or Minakshi
History Meenakshi Temple, also referred to as Meenakshi Amman or Minakshi- Sundareshwara Temple, is a historic Hindu temple located on the southern bank of the Vaigai River in the temple city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to Meenakshi, a form of Parvati, and her consort, Sundareshwar, a form of Shiva. The temple is at the center of the ancient temple city of Madurai mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature, with the goddess temple mentioned in 6th century CE texts. Though the temple has historic roots, most of the present campus structure was rebuilt after the 14th century CE, further repaired, renovated and expanded in the 17th century by Thirumalai Nayak. In early 14th century, the armies of Delhi Sultanate led by Muslim Commander Malik Kafur plundered the temple, looted it of its valuables and destroyed the Madurai temple town along with many other temple towns of South India. The contemporary temple is the result of rebuilding efforts started by the Vijayanagara Empire rulers who rebuilt the core and reopened the temple. In the 16th century, the temple complex was further expanded and fortified by the Nayak ruler Vishwanatha Nayakar and later others. The restored complex now houses 14 gopurams (gateway towers), ranging from 45–50m in height, with the southern gopura tallest at 51.9 metres (170 ft). The complex has numerous sculpted pillared halls such as Ayirakkal (1,000 pillar hall), Kilikoondu-mandapam, Golu-mandapam and Pudu-mandapam. Its shrines are dedicated to Hindu deities and Shaivism scholars, with the vimanas above the garbhagrihas (sanctums) of Meenakshi and Sundaresvara gilded with gold.