SRILANKA RAMAYANA TOUR (8 Nights – 9 Days)
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The Un/Selfish Leader Changing Notions in a Tamil Nadu Village
The un/selfish leader Changing notions in a Tamil Nadu village Björn Alm The un/selfish leader Changing notions in a Tamil Nadu village Doctoral dissertation Department of Social Anthropology Stockholm University S 106 91 Stockholm Sweden © Björn Alm, 2006 Department for Religion and Culture Linköping University S 581 83 Linköping Sweden This book, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in any form without the permission of the author. ISBN 91-7155-239-1 Printed by Edita Sverige AB, Stockholm, 2006 Contents Preface iv Note on transliteration and names v Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Structure of the study 4 Not a village study 9 South Indian studies 9 Strength and weakness 11 Doing fieldwork in Tamil Nadu 13 Chapter 2 The village of Ekkaraiyur 19 The Dindigul valley 19 Ekkaraiyur and its neighbours 21 A multi-linguistic scene 25 A religious landscape 28 Aspects of caste 33 Caste territories and panchayats 35 A village caste system? 36 To be a villager 43 Chapter 3 Remodelled local relationships 48 Tanisamy’s model of local change 49 Mirasdars and the great houses 50 The tenants’ revolt 54 Why Brahmans and Kallars? 60 New forms of tenancy 67 New forms of agricultural labour 72 Land and leadership 84 Chapter 4 New modes of leadership 91 The parliamentary system 93 The panchayat system 94 Party affiliation of local leaders 95 i CONTENTS Party politics in Ekkaraiyur 96 The paradox of party politics 101 Conceptualising the state 105 The development state 108 The development block 110 Panchayats and the development block 111 Janus-faced leaders? 119 -
Second International Conference on Asian Studies 2014 PROCEEDINGS
Second International Conference on Asian Studies 2014 Colombo, Sri Lanka, 14th-15th July 2014 PROCEEDINGS ISBN 978-955-4543-22-5 Second International Conference on Asian Studies 2014 ICAS 2014 Sri Lanka ISBN 978-955-4543-22-5 Published by: International Center for Research and Development 858/6, Kaduwela Road, Thalangama North, Sri Lanka Email : [email protected] Web: www.theicrd.com © ICRD- July 2014 All rights reserved. 1 Second International Conference on Asian Studies 2014 ICAS 2014 Sri Lanka ICAS 2014 JOINT ORGANIZERS International Centre for Research and Development, Sri Lanka International University of Japan CO-CHAIRS Prof. N.S. Cooray, Japan Prabhath Patabendi, Sri Lanka HEAD OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Prof. Toshiichi Endo, Hong Kong International Scientific committee Prof. N. S. Cooray, Ph. D. (Japan) Prof. H. D. Karunaratna, Ph. D.( Sri Lanka) Prof. Toshiichi Endo, Ph. D.( Hong Kong) Prabhath Patabendi (ICRD ) Prof. Jai Pal Singhe, Ph. D.(India) Dr. Fiona Roberg (Sweden) Sun Tongquan, Ph.D. (China) Dr. Andrew Onwuemele, (Nigeria) Dr. Md. Jahirul Alam Azad (Bangladesh) Jasmin P. Suministrado (Philippines) R. L. Strrat, Ph.D. ( Netherland) Yuka Kawano, Ph.D. (Japan) Dr. Ting Wai Fong, (Hong Kong) Prof. (SMT.) T. Jaya Manohar (India) 2 Second International Conference on Asian Studies 2014 ICAS 2014 Sri Lanka Suggested citation DISCLAIMER: All views expressed in these proceedings are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of, and should not be attributed to, the Institute of International Center for Research & Development , Sri Lanka and International University of Japan. The publishers do not warrant that the information in this report is free from errors or omissions. -
Sri Lanka Island Tour (19 Days / 18 Nights)
Sri Lanka Island Tour (19 Days / 18 Nights) AIRPORT - NEGOMBO DAY 01 Arrival at the Bandaranayake International Airport, meet your driver/guide and transfer to the first hotel in Negombo by a luxury car. Visits: Colonial Dutch Fort Close to the seafront near the lagoon mouth are the ruins of the old Dutch fort, which has a fine gateway inscribed with the date 1678. Also there is a green, called the Esplanade, where cricket matches are a big attraction. As the fort grounds are now occupied by the town’s prison, the only way you’ll get a peek inside is by committing a serious crime. You’d need to be very interested in old Dutch architecture to go to such lengths. Dutch Canal The boat ride/safari that takes you along the colonial Dutch canal which runs through Waikkal, gives you snap shots of bird life, essentially comprising waders, stunning kingfishers, rare pied kingfishers, bee-eaters, Brahminy kites, etc. Water monitors, bearing an uncanny resemblance to crocodiles, are also bound to make an appearance, so keep your eye out for a glimpse! You can prolong your boat journey by following the canal onto the sea, where you can continue onwards to Negombo where you can stop at the town, do some shopping and return via boat to Waikkal. 2nd biggest Fish Market in Sri Lanka The Negombo Fishing Village, also known as the Lellama by the locals, is located across the lagoon bridge, near the Old Dutch Gate. The large open air fish market is the second largest in the country. -
Practice of Animal Sacrifice and Religious Discrimination in The
religions Article The “Abhorrent” Practice of Animal Sacrifice and Religious Discrimination in the Global South Danielle N. Boaz Africana Studies Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Garinger 133, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; [email protected] Received: 31 January 2019; Accepted: 26 February 2019; Published: 6 March 2019 Abstract: In September 2018, the majority Buddhist government of Sri Lanka approved draft legislation banning animal sacrifice at Hindu Temples. The Cabinet referred to these sacrifices as a “primitive” practice that can cause physical and mental harm to society. Similarly, the Federal Supreme Court of Brazil is presently evaluating the constitutionality of a proposed bill banning animal sacrifice in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Proponents of this bill argue that animal rights supersede the religious freedom of the adherents of Afro-Brazilian faiths who perform these sacrifices. They further contend that the practice of animal sacrifice poses a threat to public health. Through the evaluation of these cases, this article will consider the relationship between animal sacrifice and religious freedom in the Global South. Using Brazil and Sri Lanka as examples, it will explore how laws and litigation protecting animal welfare can often be a guise for racial discrimination and religious intolerance. Keywords: Brazil; Sri Lanka; religious freedom; animal sacrifice; religious intolerance Introduction In September of 2014, the High Court of Himachal Pradesh in India wrote a 110-page decision banning the practice of animal sacrifice in the jurisdiction. The Justices described these ritual slaughters as “abhorrent and dastardly,” and argued that new rites “which are based on reasoning and scientific temper” should supplant “superstitions” that have no place “in the modern era of reasoning.” (Sharma et al. -
The Temples of the Interfaces a Study of the Relation Between Buddhism and Hinduism at the Munnesvaram Temples, Sri Lanka
The Temples of the Interfaces A Study of the Relation between Buddhism and Hinduism at the Munnesvaram Temples, Sri Lanka. by Rohan Neil Bastin A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Ph.D. University College, The University of London. June 1991 ProQuest Number: 10609845 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10609845 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The two important temples at Munnesvaram, on the west coast of Sri Lanka, are Hindu and are run by Tamil priests. Their patronage is largely Sinhalese Buddhist. They are the context for an examination of the relations between Hinduism and Buddhism in modern Sri Lanka in a period of violent ethnic tension between Tamils and Sinhalese. The thesis falls in two parts. The first deals with the history of the temples in the colonial and post-colonial eras, the history of religious difference, and with a social analysis of the two groups of priests and of the worshippers. This establishes grounds for a consideration of current anthropological debates on hierarchy and on historicity. -
Shankari Devi Shankti Peetan Tour (Based on Ramayana) 6N 7D
Shankari Devi Shankti Peetan Tour (Based on Ramayana) 6N 7D Day Airport / Chilaw / Habarana - (Approximate travel time 4-5 hours) Based on morning arrival flights. 1 Welcome at Airport by Helanka Vacations Representative and transfer to Habarana via Chilaw. En route visit the 02 temple in Chilaw. MUNNESWARAM TEMPLE - It is believed that Munneswaram predates the Ramayana and a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva was located here. Munneswaram means the first temple for Shiva (Munnu + Easwaran). A Shiva Lingam was already here when Lord Rama visited this place. Lord Rama after his victorious battle left for Ayodhya with Sita in one of King Ravana’s Vimanas. MANAVARI TEMPLE - The first lingam was installed at Manavari near the banks of the Deduru Oya (river). The Manavari Temple in Chilaw, is the place where first lingam installed and prayed by Rama, hence to date this lingam is called as Ramalinga Shivan. Rameshwaram is the only other lingam in the world named after Lord Rama. Arrive and check in to Hotel in Habarana. Rest of the day at leisure. Habarana - Situated towards the center of the island of Sri Lanka, northeast of Dambulla, Habarana is the gateway to many of the region’s top attractions. The central highlight of the town is the beautiful Habarana Lake, around which bananas grow and elephants wander and bathe. Wildlife enthusiasts flock to the Minneriya and Kaudulla National Parks which are well populated with elephants and other wildlife. For those looking to take in some Sri Lankan culture, the sacred city of Anuradhapura, cave temples in Dambulla, and the UNESCO world heritage site of the Sigiriya Rock Fortress are all accessible from Habarana. -
Syllabus Md Siddha -Siddhar Yoga Maruthuvam
CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE SIDDHA MARUTHUVA PERARINGNAR (M.D. (SIDDHA) COURSE SYLLABUS FOR SIDDHAR YOGA MARUTHUVAM (SIDDHAR’S YOGIC SCIENCE) SPECIALITY [UNDER THE INDIAN MEDICINE CENTRAL COUNCIL (POST GRADUATE SIDDHA EDUCATION) REGULATIONS, 2016.] GOAL: The main goal of the post -graduate education in SIDDHAR YOGA MARUTHUVAM is to enable medical student understand, envisage and explain life processes as YOGA AND MEDICINE and apply his knowledge and skills in clinical problems solving and scientific research. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the Three years training in Siddhar yoga maruthuvam, the postgraduate student is expected to gain knowledgeand demonstrate his understanding of the Concepts and principles of Siddhar yoga maruthuvam. This includes Thirumoolar’s Thirumandiram Attanga yogam and other yogam of various Sidddhars, role of yogam in current scenario, yogam in different school of thoughts and role of Yogam intreating various life style disorders and also to promote physical and mental fitness. Fundamentals of biostatistics and research methodology CCIM MD Siddha - Siddhar Yoga Maruthuvam Syllabus Page 1 of 27 FIRST YEAR (Preliminary Examination) S.NO SUBJECT THEORY PRACTICAL/CLINICAL VIVA TOTAL MARKS 1. PAPER –I 100 Minor Project - -- 200 Research Methodology and Bio - 100(Submission of report - Medical Statistics 60 marks, Publication/presentation- 20 marks, Oral-20 Marks) 2. PAPER –II 100 -- 50 150 Basic Principle of Siddhar Yogam and Applied Aspects SECOND YEAR Essential:Obtain CME credit points through Seminars/Workshops/Conferences(National/International) Desirable: Publication/ Visits or internship at Industry / Lab / Research institute /other AYUSH Institutionsx/ Journal club/ Teaching under graduate Students THIRD YEAR (Final Examination) S.NO SUBJECT THEORY PRACTICAL/CLINICAL VIVA TOTAL MARKS 1. -
Temples Within Chennai City
Temples within Chennai City 1 As the famous Tamil poetess AUVAYYAR says in Her Legendary presentation of cluster of hymns “Kovil illatha ooril kudi irukkathe” Please don’t reside in a place where there is no temple. The Statement of our forefathers is sacrosanct because the temple indicates that the community is graced by the presence of God and that its Citizens form a moral community. A Community identifies and is identified by others with its temples. It has been our ancient endavour to lead a pious life with full dedication to the services of the Lord. Sri Paramacharya of Kanchi Mutt has repeatedly called devotees and stressed the importance of taking care of old temples - which requires enormous power of men and money - instead of constructing new temples in cities. As you may be aware, there are thousands of temples in dilapidated condition and requires constant maintenance work to be undertaken. There are many shiva lingas of ancient temples found under trees and also while digging. In ancient times, these lingas were 'Moolavars' of temples built by several kings. After conquests and devastations by foreign invaders, Indian temples were destructed and the sacred deities were thrown away and many were broken. The left out deities are found later. Of them, some are unidentified. Those who attempt to construct temples for gods are freed from the sins of a thousand births. Those who think of building a temple in their minds are freed from the sins of a hundred births. Those who contribute to the cause of a temple are bestowed with divine virtues and blessings. -
Religious Harmony and Communication Between Hinduism and Buddhism in Sri Lanka
Asian Studies International Journal - Vol. 1, No. 1, January 2015 - ISSN: 2279-1949 RELIGIOUS HARMONY AND COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM IN SRI LANKA Ponnuthurai Chandrasegaram Lecturer, Department of Hindu Civilization, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka Abstract Religious harmony is a present-day issue all over the world. Sri Lanka,is a multi-religious nation with people of strong religious beliefs,(when compared to other countries).In general there had been comparative religious harmony in its long history. Occasionally, sporadic incidents of disharmony appeared. Sri Lanka is the only country which nurtured Theravada Buddhism for two and a half millennia, in its purest form. Still it continued to preserve multi-ethnic and multi-religious groups and permitted them to continue their cultural independence. As in India, in Sri Lanka too, the earlier Hindu religion continued its universal and tolerant outlook. Political events and the rise and fall of the kingdoms had their effect on Hindu – Buddhist relations. However in practice, the Buddhists continued their worship of Hindu deities. Kataragamais the centre of worship for Hindu – Buddhist worshippers. Sri Pada attracts Buddhists as the shrine for Buddha‟s Foot – printand Hindus call it Sivan- Oli- Padamalai (The mountain of light of Siva‟s feet).Nagadipa, the little Island in the North, attracts pilgrims – both Hindus and Buddhists. INTRODUCTION The age - old Sri Lankan religions Hinduism-(12.61% of the Population) and Buddhism - (70.19% of the Population)look up to India for their cultural roots. The very word Hindu means those beyond the River Indus. It was used by Persians and Greeks, who lived in the West of India. -
History Meenakshi Temple, Also Referred to As Meenakshi Amman Or Minakshi
History Meenakshi Temple, also referred to as Meenakshi Amman or Minakshi- Sundareshwara Temple, is a historic Hindu temple located on the southern bank of the Vaigai River in the temple city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to Meenakshi, a form of Parvati, and her consort, Sundareshwar, a form of Shiva. The temple is at the center of the ancient temple city of Madurai mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature, with the goddess temple mentioned in 6th century CE texts. Though the temple has historic roots, most of the present campus structure was rebuilt after the 14th century CE, further repaired, renovated and expanded in the 17th century by Thirumalai Nayak. In early 14th century, the armies of Delhi Sultanate led by Muslim Commander Malik Kafur plundered the temple, looted it of its valuables and destroyed the Madurai temple town along with many other temple towns of South India. The contemporary temple is the result of rebuilding efforts started by the Vijayanagara Empire rulers who rebuilt the core and reopened the temple. In the 16th century, the temple complex was further expanded and fortified by the Nayak ruler Vishwanatha Nayakar and later others. The restored complex now houses 14 gopurams (gateway towers), ranging from 45–50m in height, with the southern gopura tallest at 51.9 metres (170 ft). The complex has numerous sculpted pillared halls such as Ayirakkal (1,000 pillar hall), Kilikoondu-mandapam, Golu-mandapam and Pudu-mandapam. Its shrines are dedicated to Hindu deities and Shaivism scholars, with the vimanas above the garbhagrihas (sanctums) of Meenakshi and Sundaresvara gilded with gold. -
Ramayana Tour 05 Nights / 06 Days Tour Highlights: Kandy: 01 Night O Munneswaram Temple, Chilaw
Ramayana Tour 05 Nights / 06 Days Tour Highlights: Kandy: 01 Night o Munneswaram Temple, Chilaw. o Manaweri Temple. Nuwara Eliya: 02 Nights o Sri Baktha Hanuman Temple,Ramboda o Seetha Amman Temple o Gayathri Peedam o Lake Gregory Bandarawela: 01 Night o Divurumpola Colombo: 01 Night o Ratnapura o Seethawaka o Panchamuga Anjaneyar Temple Meals: 05 Breakfasts, 03 Lunches & 05 Dinners Hotel List: o Kandy: Cinnamon Citadel Or Hotel Tree of Life Nature Resort or Similar o Nuwara Eliya: Araliya Green Hills Or Araliya Green City or Similar o Bandarawela: BBQ HUB Ella or EKHO Ella or Similar o Colombo: Galadari Resort Or Mövenpick Hotel Colombo or Similar Suggested Day Wise Itinerary Day 01: Welcome to Colombo!!! Proceed for Kandy (Driving: Colombo to Kandy // Approx. 122.4km // 3hrs. 20min) | Munneswaram Temple, Chilaw | Manaweri Temple. Welcome to Colombo!!! On Arrival Proceed to Immigration Formalities. Later, Meet & Greet by Our Local Representative / Tour Manager. Later, Sit Back in The Comfort of Your Coach and transferred to Kandy. En-route to Munneswaram Temple, Chilaw - After his victorious battle, Lord Rama left for Ayodhya, in one of King Ravana”s vimana (carriages).He felt he was being followed by bramhaasthi dosham as he had killed King Ravana who was a Brahmin. Legend has it that when he came to this place he felt bramhaasthi dosham was not following him and he stopped the vimana and asked God Shiva for remedy. Lord Shiva blessed Lord Rama and advised him to install four lingams there and pray to get rid of the dosham. Since then many Hindu devotees flock to the Temple. -
SRI LANKA-RAMAYANA TOUR Overview Highlights
SRI LANKA-RAMAYANA TOUR Ex- COLOMBO – 5N/6D Overview This Ramayana Tour in Sri Lanka a 5 Nights, 6 Days Ramayana Holiday Tour Package is to explore, experience and revel in the magic of the sites where this legendary epic occurred. This Ramayana tour includes visits to Temples associated with Rama, Sita and Hanuman, including the Sita Amman Temple which stands at the site once known as the Ashok Vatika. Guided City Sightseeing Tours of Trincomalee, Kandy, Nuwara Eliya and Colombo to experience the Ramayana Tour in Sri Lanka! Highlights Visit to Munneshwaram & Manaveri Temple Visit to Koneswaram Temple City tour of Trincomalee City tour of Kandy City tour of Nuwara Eliya City tour of Colombo Visit to Temple of the Tooth Relic Visit to Ramboda Hanuman Temple & Ramboda Water Falls Nuwara Eliya City Tour Visit to Sita Amman Temple, Ashok Vatika site Colombo City Tour Corporate Office: #64, 8th Cross, New BEL Road, Bangalore - 560054. T: 080 43000900 Email: [email protected] Mobile: 7760984165/9902209565 -.www.sankarayatra.com 6 DAYS RAMAYANA TOUR IN SRI LANKA ITINERARY DAY 01: COLOMBO AIRPORT – ROAD TRIP TO DAMBULLA This Ramayana Tour in Sri Lanka begins with Colombo. Our tour representative will greet you on arrival at the airport and escort you to a waiting vehicle. Embark on the road trip to Dambulla; en-route, we will visit the Munneswaram Temple and Manavari Temple. On arrival at Dambulla, check in at hotel. Overnight stay in Sigiriya/Habarana. DAY 02: DAMBULLA - EXCURSION TO TRINCOMALEE (NILAVELI) On Day 2 of this Ramayana Tour in Sri Lanka, we will set out on a Full-day Excursion to Trincomalee after breakfast.