Isthmus Section: Appendix 3B Schedule of Geological Features

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Isthmus Section: Appendix 3B Schedule of Geological Features APPENDIX 3B SCHEDULE OF GEOLOGICAL FEATURES CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page 1 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page 2 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B SCHEDULE OF GEOLOGICAL FEATURES Note: G = Geological Feature H = Historic/Cultural Value A/G = Archaeological and Geological Feature S = Scientific/Educational Value V = Visual Amenity Value For an explanation of the criteria for scheduling and the rules refer Part 5C.7.4A GEOLOGICAL FEATURES THIS SCHEDULE DOES NOT INCLUDE PROTECTED ITEMS IN THE CENTRAL AREA OR HAURAKI GULF ISLANDS ADDRESS FEATURE PRINCIPAL FEATURE MAP CRITERIA TYPE REFERENCE FOR SCHEDULING Achilles Point to Karaka Bay Pa and associated H, S, V A/G B15-06 cliffline, Cliff Road, Waitara Road, Maori habitation sites. Riddell Road vicinity. Waitemata series sandstone cliffs showing folded strata and Parnell Grit at Karaka Point. Also fallen blocks from the tuff ring of Glover Park. Crater containing pieces of greywacke, sandstone and schist brought up from depth Auckland Domain Pa and associated H, S, V A/G C09-23 Stanley Street, Titoki Street, Carlton Maori habitation sites, Gore Road, Park Road, Auckland early European sites, Hospital, Grafton Road. explosion crater, scoria cone, breached tuff ring. Big King Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G F08-04 Big King Reserve - Duke Street, Mt Maori habitation sites, Eden Road, Fyvie Avenue, Dally scoria cone Terrace, Connolly Avenue. Cave of 1000 Press-ups Lava Cave S G F10-12 Campbell Road 205 & 207 and Te Kawa Road intersection, One Tree Hill. CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page 3 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B ADDRESS FEATURE PRINCIPAL FEATURE MAP CRITERIA TYPE REFERENCE FOR SCHEDULING Taylor's Hill (Taurere) & adjacent Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G C16-04 land Crossfield Road 46 & Cranbrook Maori habitation sites, Place, Glen Innes. scoria cone Motor Holdings Lava Cave Lava Cave S G F14-11 Fraser Road, old Motor Holdings site, rear yard and boundary with Mt Wellington. Helena Rubenstein & Pt. Ratcliffe Lava Caves S G H09-16 Cave, George Terrace 1,3,7,7a,9,9a, 11,11a,13, 17, 17a & Church Street 31,33,35 & 37 Onehunga. Scotlands Cave Lava Cave H, S G G10-34 Grey Street 73, Onehunga. (Presbyterian Church, opposite Cardwell Street) extending southwards towards and including the Onehunga Hotel (303 Onehunga Mall). The Grotto Crater-like depression H, S, V G H10-29 Grotto Street 36, Onehunga. caused by drained lava lake; diatomite lake silts Orakei Basin Flooded explosion H, S, V G D12-04 Kepa Road, Purewa Road, Lucerne crater and tuff ring. A Road, Darwin Lane, Upland Road, Maori village and Orakei Road. terraces are located within this geological site (see D11-10 Appendix 3A Schedule of Archaeological Features). Panmure Basin (Wai Makoia) Headland Pa; middens; H, S, V A/G F14-07 Lagoon Drive, Watene Road, Marine flooded explosion Lane, Waipuna Road, Peterson Road, crater, and tuff ring Ireland Road, Cleary Road. Landscape Road 104,106,117,119 & Lava Cave S G F07-10 121 Mt Eden. Stewarts (Mortimers) Cave Two part Lava Cave H, S G F07-11 Landscape Road 82a & 84, Fulljames Avenue 19 & 24, Barclay Avenue 6,8 & 10, Mt Eden. Marsden Avenue 92 & 92a Lava Cave S G F07-06 (Parry Lodge), Balmoral. CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page 4 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B ADDRESS FEATURE PRINCIPAL FEATURE MAP CRITERIA TYPE REFERENCE FOR SCHEDULING Mount Royal Lava Cave Lava Cave S G F05-06 Mount Royal Avenue 79, Pickens Crescent 11. Auckland Grammar School Columnar Basalt in old S, V G D08-37 (Playing fields) quarry face Mountain Road, Epsom. Mt Albert (Owairaka) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G E05-31 Toroa Terrace, Mt Royal Avenue, La Maori habitation sites; Veta Avenue, Summit Drive. scoria cone with modified summit crater Mt Eden (Maungawhau) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G D08-36 Clive Road, Glenfell Road, Rautangi Maori habitation sites; Street, Batger Street, Hillside scoria cone with Crescent. summit crater Mt Hobson (Remuera) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G D10-08 Remuera Road, Mt Hobson Lane, Maori habitation sites; Dilworth Avenue 12, Pere Street. scoria cone with summit crater Mt Richmond (Otahuhu) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G I13-07 Mt Richmond Domain - Mt Maori habitation sites Wellington Highway, Great South and terraces, explosion Road. crater, complex scoria cone, tuff ring. Mt Roskill (Puketapapa) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G G06-04 Winstone Park. Dominion Road, Maori habitation sites; Roseman Avenue. scoria cone with shallow summit crater Mt St John Domain (Te Kopuke) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G E09-35 Mt St John Avenue, Market Road, Maori habitation sites; Warborough Avenue & Belvedere scoria cone with Street. summit crater Mt Wellington (Maungarei) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G F14-02 Mt Wellington Domain, & Kokiri-ki- Maori habitation sites; Maungarei Marae bounded by scoria cone with Homestead Drive, Fraser Road, summit crater Mountain Road, Gollan Road. Mortimers Pass Cave Lava Rift Cave S, V G D09-48 Mortimer Pass Broadway (Highwic site). New North Road 1060 & McLean Lava Cave S G E04-07 Street cnr, Mt Albert (Hebron College). CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page 5 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B ADDRESS FEATURE PRINCIPAL FEATURE MAP CRITERIA TYPE REFERENCE FOR SCHEDULING One Tree Hill, (Maungakiekie) Hill Pa and associated H, S, V A/G F10-05 One Tree Hill Domain & part Maori habitation sites; Cornwall Park, Greenlane Road West, cluster of scoria cones Pohutukawa Drive, Twin Oak Drive, with central crater and Atarangi Road, Waitapu Road, lateral breached craters Maungakiekie Avenue, Campbell Road, Tiwai Road, Raurenga Avenue, Haydn Avenue, Manukau Road. Point England Reserve Accretionary lapilli S, V G E16-04 Point England Road. (chalazoidites) Pollen Island Unmodified area of salt H, S, V G C01-08 Waitemata Harbour. marsh, mangroves and estuarine and harbour mudflats Grotto Enclosed depression S G G10-31 Puka Street 3 & 5 and Heretaunga caused by collapse of Street 26-28, Onehunga. lava cave; associated cave Robertson Hill Scoria Cone Scoria cone, tuff ring H, S, V G J14-24 Otahuhu (Mt Richard) Sturges Park. Vicinity Hall Avenue, Park Avenue, Fort Richard Road, Awa Street and Nikau Road. St Heliers explosion crater Explosion crater S, V G B15-07 Glover Park, Glover Road, Waitara Road. Shackleton Road Lava Caves S G F07-09 94,96,98,100,102,104,106,109, 111,113 & 115, Peary Road, 112 &114, Mt Eden. Tamaki Drive cliff face Waitemata series S, V G B13-04 Hapimana Street to Mission Bay sandstone cliffs with (located in cliff face). illustrative emplacement features Tamaki Drive cliff face Parnell Grit (type S, V G B10-06 Behind the Parnell Baths. locality) in cliff line Tamaki Drive cliff face Orakei greensand (type S, V G C11-06 Tamaki Drive - located in the cliffs locality) in cliff line east of Hobson Point, adjacent to Paritai Drive and extending to Titai Street. CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page 6 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 12/09/2008 APPENDIX 3B ADDRESS FEATURE PRINCIPAL FEATURE MAP CRITERIA TYPE REFERENCE FOR SCHEDULING Rock platform located at cliff base Waitemata series S G B15-01 Tamaki Drive - St Heliers beach to sandstone cliffs with Achilles Point. illustrative emplacement features White Bluff structures Complexly deformed S, V G H08-04 Between Hillsborough Bay and Waitemata sandstone Grannys Bay. In vicinity of Bluff sequence Terrace, Foote Street, Hoskins Avenue, Frederick Street. Lava Caves on land between Lava caves S G E11-24 Mitchelson Street and Ascot Ave CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page 7 updated 12/09/2008.
Recommended publications
  • Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay and Graham Leonard
    Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay and Graham Leonard IESE Report 1-2009.02 | June 2009 ISBN: [print] 978-0-473-15316-8 [PDF] 978-0-473-15416-5 Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay1 and Graham Leonard2 1School of Environment & Institute of Earth Science and Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; [email protected] 2GNS Science, PO Box 30368, Lower Hutt 5040 New Zealand; [email protected] IESE Report 1-2009.02 | June 2009 ISBN: [print] 978-0-473-15316-8 [PDF] 978-0-473-15416-5 This report was prepared by IESE as part of the DEVORA Project. Disclaimer: While the information contained in this report is believed to be correct at the time of publication, the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering and its working parties and agents involved in preparation and publication, do not accept any liability for its contents or for any consequences arising from its use. Copyright: This work is copyright of the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering. The content may be used with acknowledgement to the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering and the appropriate citation. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 2 Project objectives ..................................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Annexure a to Procedural Minute 6
    Proposed Auckland Unitary Plan Appendix 3.1 Schedule for the Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Owner/ Approral/ Sub#/ Point Name Theme Topic Subtopic Summary Submission Type Support Evidence Comentary Investigate 81 Mt Royal Rd, Mt Albert, and all other lava cave Appendix 3.1 - Schedule for the entrances, for inclusion in the SEA schedule [Note - relates to Outstanding Natural Outstanding Natural Features ONFs. Refer to Albert-Eden Local Board Views, Volume 26, page 5716-3481 Auckland Council Features (ONF) Rules Overlay Add 30/103]. Local Government no iv Investigate the 'Spring', located under Crystal Motors at 11 Ruru Appendix 3.1 - Schedule for the St, Eden Terrace, for inclusion in the SEA schedule [Note - Outstanding Natural Outstanding Natural Features relates to ONFs. Refer to Albert-Eden Local Board Views, Volume 5716-3482 Auckland Council Features (ONF) Rules Overlay Add 26, page 30/103]. Local Government no iv Auckland Volcanic Appendix 3.1 - Schedule for the Include volcanic features in former outlying district such as Cones Society Outstanding Natural Outstanding Natural Features Franklin within the PAUP including Pukekohe Hill, Puni Mountain, 4485-11 Incorporated Features (ONF) Rules Overlay Add Pukekohe East crater. Key Stakeholder no iv Auckland Volcanic Appendix 3.1 - Schedule for the Cones Society Outstanding Natural Outstanding Natural Features Include Pukekohe Hill and Puni Mountain as outstanding natural 4485-13 Incorporated Features (ONF) Rules Overlay Add features. Key Stakeholder no iv Auckland Volcanic Appendix 3.1 - Schedule for the Cones Society Outstanding Natural Outstanding Natural Features Apply V1 and V2 overlays to volcanic reserves and surrounding 4485-21 Incorporated Features (ONF) Rules Overlay Add Includeareas.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Board Information and Agreements Draft Long-Term Plan 2012-2022
    DRAFT LONG-TERM PLAN 2012-2022_ VOLUME FOUR LOCAL BOARD INFORMATION AND AGREEMENTS DRAFT LONG-TERM PLAN 2012-2022_ VOLUME FOUR LOCAL BOARD INFORMATION AND AGREEMENTS About this volume About this volume This is Volume Four of the four volumes that make up the draft LTP. It is set out in two parts, one which provides background on the role of local boards, their decision-making responsibilities and some general information about local board plans and physical boundaries. The second part contains the individual local board agreements for all 21 local boards, which contain detailed information about local activities, services, projects and programmes and the corresponding budgets for the period 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2013. Here we have also included additional information like ten-year budgets for each board and a capital projects list. What this volume covers: the status of draft local board agreements how to have your say during the public consultation period an overview of the local boards local board activities information on the development of local board plans and agreements local board financial information including a consolidated statement of expenditure on local activities about each local board, with an overview of the local board including their strategic priorities and a message from the chairperson draft local board agreements for each local board covering scope of activities levels of service and performance measures local activities including key initiatives and projects expenditure and funding notes to the local board agreements contact details, how to contact your local board, including individual contact details for each local board member an appendix to each Local Board information section which includes their expenditure statements and capital projects for the ten-year period 2012 to 2022.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Analogues for Miocene to Pleistocene Alkali
    Cent. Eur. J. Geosci. • 2(3) • 2010 • 339-361 DOI: 10.2478/v10085-010-0013-8 Central European Journal of Geosciences Modern analogues for Miocene to Pleistocene alkali basaltic phreatomagmatic fields in the Pannonian Basin: “soft-substrate” to “combined” aquifer controlled phreatomagmatism in intraplate volcanic fields Research Article Károly Németh1∗, Shane J. Cronin1, Miguel J. Haller2, Marco Brenna1, Gábor Csillag3 1 Volcanic Risk Solutions CS-INR, Massey University, PO Box 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 2 Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco – Sede Puerto Madryn, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina, 3 Geological Institute of Hungary, Department of Geological Research, Stefánia út 14, Budapest H-1143, Hungary, Received 29 April 2010; accepted 4 June 2010 Abstract: The Pannonian Basin (Central Europe) hosts numerous alkali basaltic volcanic fields in an area similar to 200 000 km2. These volcanic fields were formed in an approximate time span of 8 million years producing small- volume volcanoes typically considered to be monogenetic. Polycyclic monogenetic volcanic complexes are also common in each field however. The original morphology of volcanic landforms, especially phreatomagmatic volcanoes, is commonly modified. by erosion, commonly aided by tectonic uplift. The phreatomagmatic volcanoes eroded to the level of their sub-surface architecture expose crater to conduit filling as well as diatreme facies of pyroclastic rock assemblages. Uncertainties due to the strong erosion influenced by tectonic uplifts, fast and broad climatic changes, vegetation cover variations, and rapidly changing fluvio-lacustrine events in the past 8 million years in the Pannonian Basin have created a need to reconstruct and visualise the paleoenvironment into which the monogenetic volcanoes erupted.
    [Show full text]
  • Activities and Services of Auckland Council Introduction
    Part II: Activities and services Introduction PART II ACTIVITIES AND SERVICES OF AUCKLAND COUNCIL INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Auckland Council provides a range of goods and services. These are detailed in the following sections where the activities undertaken by the council and its CCOs are described. Each section includes details of the expenditure, the projects and achievements together with the levels of service which were provided and details of the performance measures. The performance measures describe either what we set out to achieve or levels of customer satisfaction. Results show performance against the standard (target) we set ourselves. The sections provide information about: • the groups of activities undertaken by Auckland Council. Activities are grouped together because of their connectivity with each other • individual activities undertaken. Individual activities are goods and services delivered to the community – for example, the provision of facilities, providing grants and the performance of regulatory and other functions. Note that some activities are provided by the CCOs. While each set of performance measures, results and commentaries cover the full activity provided by the council and Group, only the portions funded directly by the council are covered in the financial statements. A summary of the total expenditure of the CCOs is covered in the CCO section. Following the sections about the council’s activities, there is coverage of the activities of the 21 local boards, and this is followed by the CCO section. The council has 11 groups of activities: • Community • Lifestyle and Culture • Economic Development • Planning and Regulation • Environmental Management • Solid Waste • Water Supply and Wastewater • Stormwater • Transport • Commercial and Investment • Governance Auckland Council Report 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2012 52 Part II: Activities and services Introduction EXPLAINING OUR GROUP ACTIVITY STATEMENTS Each group activity statement is broken down into the following headings: OVERVIEW Why the council is involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Supported in Ms Kohere's Rebuttal Evidence?
    Additional SSMW sought Supported subsequently by Ms Kohere (and evidence Supported in Ms Kohere's primary Supported in Ms Kohere's rebuttal recommendation is based Ms Kohere's final Number Name Submission evidence? evidence? on)? recommendation Now supported as SSMW based on HNZ's submission, Ngati Paoa's oral evidence at the hearing and indications they support HNZ's submission. New Zealand Historic Places Trust Add Te Routu o Ureia, at Erin Point (Register Extent to reflect HNZ's 371-111 (Heritage New Zealand) Pouhere Taonga #7773) to the schedule. No No as not supported by Mana Whenua submission. New SSMW New Zealand Historic Places Trust Add Tauwhare, Rewiti (Register #7361) to the 371-112 (Heritage New Zealand) Pouhere Taonga schedule. PAUP notified SSMW SSMW 046 Mana Whenua may still indicate support for HNZ's submission, currently confirming with Te New Zealand Historic Places Trust Add Kopironui, Rewiti (Register #7174 and Runanga o Ngati Whatua ki 371-113 (Heritage New Zealand) Pouhere Taonga #7481) to the schedule. No No as not supported by Mana Whenua Kaipara. TBC Now supported as SSMW based on HNZ's submission, Ngati Paoa's oral evidence at the hearing and indications they support HNZ's submission. New Zealand Historic Places Trust Add Ngāti Paoa Urupa, at Mount Wellington Extent to reflect HNZ's 371-114 (Heritage New Zealand) Pouhere Taonga (Register #7220) to the schedule. No No as not supported by Mana Whenua submission. New SSMW Now supported as SSMW based on HNZ's submission, Ngati Paoa's oral evidence at the hearing and indications they Ms Kohere supported adding this as a SVMW support HNZ's submission.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2 Local Board Information and Agreements
    2011 June 22 ADOPTION- FOR DRAFT LOCAL BOARD INFORMATION AND AGREEMENTS VOLUME 2 HOW THIS PLAN IS ARRANGED Auckland Council’s annual plan 2011/2012 comes in three volumes. Volume 1 of the plan contains the council’s plan for the region. Volume 3 contains changes to licensing and consents fees and charges. This Volume 2 contains the following for each of the 21 local boards: Overview of local board responsibilities and budgets Information about the local board The local board agreement covering the specific area, including aspects for negotiation that were carried out with the governing body The local board’s contact details Volume 1 sets out an overview of key information across the region, including summary information on changes to the long term plan, information on activities and council-controlled organisations, and the Auckland Council’s prospective financial statements. Note that Volume 1 also includes information on the activities each local board is responsible for, and summary information on funding provided to all local boards. You should read this volume in conjunction with Volume 1. Volume 3 includes a list of the changes to existing licensing and consent charges such as building control, resource consents and other licensing and compliance fees and charges. Amendments to the long-term plan In addition to the annual plan, there is also a separate document called Amendments to Auckland Council’s Long-term Plan 2010-2019. This contains full details of the new policies and amendments to existing policies that represent significant changes to those set out in the Long-term Plan 2010-2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Statistical Methods for Estimating Tephra Source and Dispersal
    STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ESTIMATING TEPHRA SOURCE AND DISPERSAL A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Statistics at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Emily Kawabata 2016 Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Abstract Tephra refers to any pyroclastic fragments ejected from a volcanic vent and its dispersal is one of the major hazards with explosive eruptions. The attenuation of tephra fall thickness is most commonly estimated after contouring field measurements into smooth isopachs. I explicitly describe the variability in thickness by using a semiempirical tephra attenuation relation as a link function. This opens the way to fitting models to actual tephra observations through maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). The method is illustrated using data published from the 1973 Heimaey eruption in Iceland. Complex eruptions commonly produce several phases of tephra fall from multiple vents. When attempting to precisely reconstruct past eruptions from the geological record alone, separate phases are often indistinguishable. Augmented by a mixture framework, the MLE attenuation model was able to identify the sources and directions of tephra deposition for the 1977 Ukinrek Maars eruption in Alaska, US, from only the tephra thickness data. It was then applied to the unobserved 1256 AD Al-Madinah eruption in Saudi Arabia. The estimation of the spatio-temporal hazard from a monogenetic volcanic field is criti- cally dependent on a reconstruction of past events.
    [Show full text]
  • Mangere Town Centre Historic Heritage Survey
    MANGERE TOWN CENTRE HISTORIC HERITAGE SURVEY PREPARED FOR AUCKLAND COUNCIL BY MATTHEWS & MATTHEWS ARCHITECTS LTD IN ASSOCIATION WITH CLOUGH & ASSOCIATES LTD JP ADAM RA SKIDMORE URBAN DESIGN LTD NOVEMBER 2013 MANGERE TOWN CENTRE HISTORIC HERITAGE SURVEY 2013 Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 Brief 4 1.2 The study area 5 1.3 Methodology and approach 5 1.4 Acknowledgements 5 1.5 Report Structure 7 2.0 SUMMARY OF HISTORIC HERITAGE ISSUES 9 2.1 Built heritage: Overview and recommendations 9 2.2 Urban design: Overview and recommendations 11 2.3 Geology: Overview and recommendations 11 2.4 Archaeology: Overview and recommendations 12 2.5 Landscape history: Overview and recommendations 12 2.6 Māori ancestral relationships and issues: Overview and recommendations 13 APPENDICES 15 APPENDIX 1: HISTORIC THEMATIC OVERVIEW APPENDIX 2: BUILT HISTORIC HERITAGE Appendix 2.1 Currently scheduled historic heritage places Appendix 2.2 Places prioritised for research APPENDIX 3: URBAN DESIGN SUMMARY APPENDIX 4: GEOLOGY APPENDIX 5: ARCHAEOLOGY APPENDIX 6: LANDSCAPE HISTORY APPENDIX 7: MĀORI ANCESTRAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH MĀNGERE- ŌTAHUHU: AN OVERVIEW 3 MANGERE TOWN CENTRE HISTORIC HERITAGE SURVEY 2013 • Investigate the local history, based on 1.0 INTRODUCTION an understanding of key themes in its development. 1.1 Brief • Consider the area holistically and use research, analysis and field surveys to This is a historic heritage survey of the assess archaeological sites; special Māngere town centre. The aim is to provide character and design context; sites of research, analysis and recommendations for: significance to Māori; natural landscape including geology and open space, • historic heritage places and areas parks and gardens.2 • special character • Seek to identify heritage values through • the natural landscape/geology consultation with mana whenua and the • archaeology community3.
    [Show full text]
  • Back Matter (PDF)
    Index Page numbers in italics refer to Figures and page numbers in bold refer to Tables acid gases Canary Islands 209 critical loading 116 Negra Mt study Hekla output 114-115 1706 eruption 210-212 sulphur dioxide 167-169 risk assessments 212-215 acid rain, volcanogenic 34, 41 charcoal 20 Aqores, Furnas volcano study chemistry see geochemistry environmental impacts 198-201 Chinyero 209 eruption history 194-198 Chironomidae 111 socio-economic impacts 203-204 climate change Aegean Arc, Nisyros study 69-71 effect of Hekla 110-111, 114-115, 118- EDS analysis 120 methods 78-79 effect of Laki 112, 113, 161-162 results 79-84 scientific measures 164-165 results discussed 84-86 sulphur dioxide effect 166-169 pumice fall isopachs 77 written accounts 162-165 stratigraphy 71-77 effect of Pinatubo 113 tephrostratigraphy 77-78 effect of Tambora 112, 113-114 aeromagnetic data, Auckland volcanic field Coromandel Volcanic Zone 28 4,5, 8-9 Corylus pollen record 111 aerosols 167 Crater Hill 2, 4-5, 6, 7, 8, 9 see also acid gases critical load concept 116 Akira Pumice Formation 50, 51 Curie temperature 131, 132 albedo, volcanic effect on 167 alkali basalt 3 discriminant function analysis (DFA) 149 Angat Kitet Formation 51, 52 British tephra sites 156-157 anhysteretic remanent magnetization 131 data handling 149-150 archaeological applications of tephra Icelandic tephras 150-153, 154-156 Bronze Age volcanism 110, 119-120 Ash Hill 2, 6 earthquakes see seismicity Auckland volcanic field 24, 29 Egmont, Mt 1 l, 12, 28, 32-33 eruption timing 7-8 Emuruangogolak
    [Show full text]
  • CMS Auckland 2014-2024, Volume I, Operative 17 November 2014
    CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AUCKLAND 2014–2024, Volume I Operative 17 November 2014 CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AUCKLAND 2014–2024, Volume I Operative 17 November 2014 Cover image: Trampers admire the view from Hirakimatā (Mount Hobson) on the multi-day walk, the Aotea Track, on Great Barrier Island (Aotea Island). Photo: Andris Apse November 2014, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISBN 978-0-478-15027-8 (print) ISBN 978-0-478-15029-2 (online) This document is protected by copyright owned by the Department of Conservation on behalf of the Crown. Unless indicated otherwise for specific items or collections of content, this copyright material is licensed for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence. In essence, you are free to copy, distribute and adapt the material, as long as you attribute it to the Department of Conservation and abide by the other licence terms. To view a copy of this licence, visit creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz This publication is produced using paper sourced from well-managed, renewable and legally logged forests. Contents FOREWORD 5 INTRODUCTION 7 Purpose of conservation management strategies 7 CMS structure 9 CMS term 9 Relationship with other Department of Conservation strategic documents and tools 9 Relationship with other planning processes 10 Legislative tools 11 Exemption from land use consents 11 Closure of areas and access restrictions 11 Bylaws and regulations 11 Conservation management plans 11 International obligations 12 PART ONE 13 1 The Department
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Analogues for Miocene to Pleistocene
    Cent. Eur. J. Geosci. • 2(3) • 2010 • 339-361 DOI: 10.2478/v10085-010-0013-8 Central European Journal of Geosciences Modern analogues for Miocene to Pleistocene alkali basaltic phreatomagmatic fields in the Pannonian Basin: “soft-substrate” to “combined” aquifer controlled phreatomagmatism in intraplate volcanic fields Research Article Károly Németh1∗, Shane J. Cronin1, Miguel J. Haller2, Marco Brenna1, Gábor Csillag3 1 Volcanic Risk Solutions CS-INR, Massey University, PO Box 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 2 Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco – Sede Puerto Madryn, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina, 3 Geological Institute of Hungary, Department of Geological Research, Stefánia út 14, Budapest H-1143, Hungary, Received 29 April 2010; accepted 4 June 2010 Abstract: The Pannonian Basin (Central Europe) hosts numerous alkali basaltic volcanic fields in an area similar to 200 000 km2. These volcanic fields were formed in an approximate time span of 8 million years producing small- volume volcanoes typically considered to be monogenetic. Polycyclic monogenetic volcanic complexes are also common in each field however. The original morphology of volcanic landforms, especially phreatomagmatic volcanoes, is commonly modified. by erosion, commonly aided by tectonic uplift. The phreatomagmatic volcanoes eroded to the level of their sub-surface architecture expose crater to conduit filling as well as diatreme facies of pyroclastic rock assemblages. Uncertainties due to the strong erosion influenced by tectonic uplifts, fast and broad climatic changes, vegetation cover variations, and rapidly changing fluvio-lacustrine events in the past 8 million years in the Pannonian Basin have created a need to reconstruct and visualise the paleoenvironment into which the monogenetic volcanoes erupted.
    [Show full text]