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According to Chaim Weizmann's
Motal Pol. Motol, Bel. Моталь, [We] had our own house – one storey, with seven rooms and a kitchen some acres of land, chickens, two cows, a vegetable garden, a few – מאָטעלע .Yid fruit trees. So we had a supply of milk, and sometimes butter; we had fruit and vegetables in season; we had enough bread – which my mother baked herself; we had fish, and we had meat once a week – on the Sabbath. And there was always plenty of fresh air. Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error. The Autobiography, Philadelphia 1949 Hebrew greeting ¶ Motal, the into the Slonim Province, then into the birthplace and childhood home of Lithuania Governorate, and from 1801, it Chaim Weizmann, the first president was made part of the Grodno Province of of Israel, is probably the only town in the Russian Empire. Belarus that has a sign with its name in Hebrew posted by the road leading out of The Jews of Motal ¶ In 1562, town. ¶ The earliest written mention of “a Jewish landlord and tax collector from Motal is found in the documents of the Kobryn Favish Yeskovich,” who leased Lithuanian Metrica from 1422, where the right to collect taxes on merchandise, it was referred to as a private estate in complained to Savostian Druzhylovitski the Principality of Pinsk. In 1520, it was that the ruler of the district did not allow the property of Prince Fyodor Ivanovich him to collect taxes in his town of Motal Yaroslavich, who later donated it to the and in the neighbouring villages. This Orthodox Church of the Assumption of document suggests that Jews collecting the Blessed Virgin Mary in Leszno. -
Review–Chronicle
REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 Human Rights Center Viasna ReviewChronicle » of the Human Rights Violations in Belarus in 2005 VIASNA « Human Rights Center Minsk 2006 1 REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 » VIASNA « Human Rights Center 2 Human Rights Center Viasna, 2006 REVIEWCHRONICLE of the human rights violations in Belarus in 2005 INTRODUCTION: main trends and generalizations The year of 2005 was marked by a considerable aggravation of the general situation in the field of human rights in Belarus. It was not only political rights » that were violated but social, economic and cultural rights as well. These viola- tions are constant and conditioned by the authoritys voluntary policy, with Lu- kashenka at its head. At the same time, human rights violations are not merely VIASNA a side-effect of the authoritarian state control; they are deliberately used as a « means of eradicating political opponents and creating an atmosphere of intimi- dation in the society. The negative dynamics is characterized by the growth of the number of victims of human rights violations and discrimination. Under these circums- tances, with a high level of latent violations and concealed facts, with great obstacles to human rights activity and overall fear in the society, the growth points to drastic stiffening of the regimes methods. Apart from the growing number of registered violations, one should men- Human Rights Center tion the increase of their new forms, caused in most cases by the development of the state oppressive machine, the expansion of legal restrictions and ad- ministrative control over social life and individuals. -
Wedding Rituals in the Belarusian Palesse 43
Wedding Rituals in the Belarusian Palesse 43 Wedding Rituals on the Territory of Belarusian Palesse Iryna Charniakevich Department of Humanities Hrodna State Medical University Grodno, Belarus Abstract The article traces the local peculiarities of historical and ethnographic distribution of wedding rites in Belarusian Palesse. It is based on the analysis of a wide range of published sources, archival materials, and unpublished ethnographic field studies. This work was conducted in the context of Belarusian regional studies and concerns only the Belarusian part of Palesse, the territory which was subject to Belarusian ethnic processes in the early twentieth century and, in the second half of the twentieth century, was included in Belarusian territory; it does not apply to the entire region, that is Russian Poles’e, Ukrainian Polisse, and Polish Polesie. The analyzed rituals include all three stages of an East Slavic wedding ceremony: before the wedding, the wedding itself, and after the wedding. The common features and local differences of West and East Palesse weddings are discussed. This article is a part of my research entitled “Historical and Ethnographic distribution of wedding rites in Belarusian Palesse.” It is based on the analysis of a wide range of published sources, archival materials, and unpublished ethnographic field studies, including my own. Most of the sources used in this paper are from the first half of the twentieth century. However, taking into account the relative stability of traditional culture (at least prior to recent modernization) the use of published sources from the second half of the XIX century seems possible in a study like this. -
Yurchenko EO Non-Poroid Aphyllophoraceous Fungi Proposed
&RQWHQWV ♦ Þûñòýóíúõò BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB ¢¡ 6\VWHPDWLF *HRJUDSK\ Belomesyatseva D.B. The fungi in the consortium of common juniper in Belarus...............................................................................4 £¥¤§¦©¨© ! #" $%'& ((*),+.-/$102(*3 456#798'5#:; <,=?>#@A.B C D1E2F*GIH G,J'E K#L9M/F,E2N O9P/Q.R/SIT UWVYX[Z]\ ^ _`bac adcfehg ikj9`#lnm*g#o/pnob`*qrlnsutvwvyx#`v]z*suob{!z2v}|wz*pno~`*q cucumber: a mycological aspect]....................................................17 Yurchenko E.O. Non-poroid aphyllophoraceous fungi proposed to the third edition of the Red Data Book of Belarus......................31 )ORULVWL 1RWHV Yurchenko E.O., Vynaev G.V. A rare polypore Grifola frondosa in Minsk City ...................................................................69 1HZV /#,././,#1 * ,!, 14- u*,2 #99 [The 14th Congress of European Mycologists]...................................75 Non-poroid aphyllophoraceous fungi proposed to the third edition of the Red Data Book of Belarus © E.O. Yurchenko Laboratory of Mycology, V.F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, Akademichnaya str. 27, BY-220072, Minsk, Belarus e-mail: [email protected] ¢¡¤£¦¥ §¨£©£¦ £¦£ £¦¥ ¨ ¦£© "!£¦£# %$ &('¨)+* ,'.-'./ 021#3¦-451'.-'./ 021#3¦-43¦6 78/5'./ )3¦* , 0 9#:¦;9¦<:=:9¦>@?¦=BACD:¦>EAF¨G The history of state protection of organic world in Belarus includes two editions of the National Red Data Book. The first edition (Red Data Book..., 1981) lacked fungal organisms, the second, last edition includes 17 species of fungi, among they three non-poroid aphyllophoraceous ones (Golovko, Serzhanina, 1993). They were arranged in accordance with former IUCN conservation categories used in Soviet literature (Red Data Book…, 1984: 7–8; Dorofeev et al., 1993): Clavariadelphus pis- tillaris in III category (rare), and two species in II category (declining) — Hericium coralloides under the name H. -
Assessment of the Tourist Potential of the Belarusian Polesie
FRANKFURT ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION “BAHNA” ASSESSMENT OF THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE BELARUSIAN POLESIE Prepared in accordance with contract No. FZS-1 dated 01 July, 2020 Minsk, 2020 CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Basic terms and definitions …………………………………………………………….. 4 I The state of agro- and ecotourism in Belarus and in the Polesie region…………. 5 1. Agro-ecotourism …………………………………………………………………. 5 2. Ecotourism ……………………………………………………………………….. 7 2.1. Ecotourism based on protected areas ……………………………….. 7 2.2. Ecotourism based on the forest fund …………………………………. 9 3. Water tourism ……………………………………………………………………. 13 II Conditions for tourism business …………………………………………………….. 14 1. General legal conditions …………………..................................................... 14 2. Conditions for issuing loans for agro-estates ………………………………… 14 3. Results of a survey of agro-ecotourism entities in Polesie …………………. 16 III Tourism Economics …………………………………………………………………. 18 IV Rural tourism and ecotourism in the EU ………………………………………….. 24 Conclusions ……………………………………………………………………………… 26 Recommendations ……………………………………………………………………… 29 2 INTRODUCTION Belarus is a country with significant and largely underestimated tourism potential, including for the development of ecotourism. Whereas Polesie is one of the regions with a rich natural and cultural heritage. It is undoubtedly important to preserve this heritage in the most natural state and at the same time use its potential for the purposes of sustainable development of the region, where about 2 million people live, as well as for the growth of the economy of the entire country. In this study, we focus on economic aspects in order to assess the current state of tourism in rural areas, as well as tourism based on the sustainable use of natural potential (ecotourism). Among our tasks is a primary assessment of the efficiency and prospects of investments in this sector, determination of its potential for achieving the goals of socio- economic development. -
Volkovysk Exhuutektuu the Trilogy
Volkovysk exhuutektuu The Trilogy Part III exhcIektuu ,hbIhm-,hsUvh vkhve ka VrUPo Volkovysk The Story of a Jewish-Zionist Community Published by Katriel Lashowitz Tel-Aviv 1988 Table of Contents Table of Contents ................................................... .......... i Foreword ............................................... By Katriel Lashowitz v The City, In Changing Times .................................................. 1 Notes on the Origins and Development of Volkovysk . ..........................1 The Jews of Volkovysk and Environs . .......................3 Volkovysk After The First World War . By Eliyahu Shykevich 6 Experiences and Memories .................................................. 9 A “Tour” of Volkovysk .............................. By Noah Tzemakh 9 A Home in Volkovysk ............................... By Eliyahu Rutchik 14 The Porters and Wagon Drivers of Our City . By Eliezer Kalir 18 Mutual Aid and Support ................................................... 20 TO”Z ............................................... .................23 The Old Age Home ................................... ..................24 The Orphanage (According to the Diary of Eliyahu Shykevich) ...................25 Fire Fighters ...................................... .....................29 Education, Culture and Journalism ............................................31 Jewish Education ................................... By David Niv 31 The First Rungs .................................. by Yehuda Novogrudsky 32 Between Belz and Volkovysk -
Volunteer Translator Pack
TRANSLATION EDITORIAL PRINCIPLES 1. Principles for text, images and audio (a) General principles • Retain the intention, style and distinctive features of the source. • Retain source language names of people, places and organisations; add translations of the latter. • Maintain the characteristics of the source even if these seem difficult or unusual. • Where in doubt make footnotes indicating changes, decisions and queries. • Avoid modern or slang phrases that might be seem anachronistic, with preference for less time-bound figures of speech. • Try to identify and inform The Wiener Library about anything contentious that might be libellous or defamatory. • The Wiener Library is the final arbiter in any disputes of style, translation, usage or presentation. • If the item is a handwritten document, please provide a transcription of the source language as well as a translation into the target language. (a) Text • Use English according to the agreed house style: which is appropriate to its subject matter and as free as possible of redundant or superfluous words, misleading analogies or metaphor and repetitious vocabulary. • Wherever possible use preferred terminology from the Library’s Keyword thesaurus. The Subject and Geographical Keyword thesaurus can be found in this pack. The Institutional thesaurus and Personal Name thesaurus can be provided on request. • Restrict small changes or substitutions to those that help to render the source faithfully in the target language. • Attempt to translate idiomatic expressions so as to retain the colour and intention of the source culture. If this is impossible retain the expression and add translations in a footnote. • Wherever possible do not alter the text structure or sequence. -
Forced Labor and Pervasive Violations of Workers’ Rights in Belarus
FORCED LABOR AND PERVASIVE VIOLATIONS OF WORKERS’ RIGHTS IN BELARUS Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2: Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4: No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, December 2013 / N°623a The FIDH and Human Rights Center Viasna Mission The gross, systematic, and widespread violations of political and civil rights in Belarus have been the subject of numerous reports prepared by both international and Belarusian observers. I. INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 0HDQZKLOH3UHVLGHQW/XNDVKHQNRDQGJRYHUQPHQWRIÀFLDOVLQJHQHUDODUHXVLQJDQ\IRUXPWKH\FDQ to stress that Belarus is a model of social and economic rights by contrasting the robust guarantees its residents receive with the situation of residents in neighboring countries who suffered a number of II. LABOR AS A CORE VALUE… AND AN UNLIMITED OBLIGATION ------------- 11 economic upheavals folowing the fall of the Soviet Union. -
Orthodox Complain of KGB Intimidation at Village Funeral
FORUM 18 NEWS SERVICE, Oslo, Norway http://www.forum18.org/ The right to believe, to worship and witness The right to change one's belief or religion The right to join together and express one's belief This article was published by F18News on: 18 September 2008 BELARUS: Orthodox complain of KGB intimidation at village funeral By Geraldine Fagan, Forum 18 News Service <http://www.forum18.org> Fr Ioann Grudnitsky - who has already been fined for conducting services without state registration - faced further intimidation when he conducted the funeral of a parishioner in the village of Ruzhany, he told Forum 18 News Service. Village Council leader Leonid Moskalevich showed him an order from the KGB secret police banning him from leading the funeral as his parish - he is under the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad Provisional Supreme Church Authority - is not registered. However, he went ahead while Moskalevich and a police officer observed. "After working our whole lives in factories and on collective farms, sacrificing our health and receiving a tiny pension, we've reached a point where we have to ask permission from the local KGB secret police to organise a funeral!" the parishioners complained in an open letter to the President. "The local KGB has no right whatsoever to interfere in the life of the church." Moskalevich denied to Forum 18 that the document had come from the KGB or that it was a ban. Meanwhile, Grodno-based Baptist pastor Yuri Kravchuk is the latest pastor to be fined for leading unregistered worship. The KGB secret police in Pruzhany District, close to the border with Poland, has tried to stop an Orthodox priest from leading a funeral in the local village of Ruzhany, the priest, Fr Ioann Grudnitsky, told Forum 18 News Service on 16 September. -
OSW Report | Opposites Put Together. Belarus's Politics of Memory
OPPOSITES PUT TOGETHER BELARUS’S POLITICS OF MEMORY Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk WARSAW OCTOBER 2020 OPPOSITES PUT TOGETHER BELARUS’S POLITICS OF MEMORY Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk © Copyright by Centre for Eastern Studies CONTENT EDITOR Adam Eberhardt EDITOR Szymon Sztyk CO-OPERATION Tomasz Strzelczyk, Katarzyna Kazimierska TRANSLATION Ilona Duchnowicz CO-OPERATION Timothy Harrell GRAPHIC DESIGN PARA-BUCH DTP IMAGINI PHOTOGRAPH ON COVER Jimmy Tudeschi / Shutterstock.com Centre for Eastern Studies ul. Koszykowa 6a, 00-564 Warsaw, Poland tel.: (+48) 22 525 80 00, [email protected] www.osw.waw.pl ISBN 978-83-65827-56-2 Contents MAIN POINTS | 5 INTRODUCTION | 11 I. THE BACKGROUND OF THE BELARUSIAN POLITICS OF MEMORY | 14 II. THE SEARCH FOR ITS OWN WAY. ATTEMPTS TO DEFINE HISTORICAL IDENTITY (1991–1994) | 18 III. THE PRO-RUSSIAN DRIFT. THE IDEOLOGISATION OF THE POLITICS OF MEMORY (1994–2014) | 22 IV. CREATING ELEMENTS OF DISTINCTNESS. A CAUTIOUS TURN IN MEMORY POLITICS (2014–) | 27 1. The cradle of statehood: the Principality of Polotsk | 28 2. The powerful heritage: the Grand Duchy of Lithuania | 32 3. Moderate scepticism: Belarus in the Russian Empire | 39 4. A conditional acceptance: the Belarusian People’s Republic | 47 5. The neo-Soviet narrative: Belarusian territories in the Second Polish Republic | 50 6. Respect with some reservations: Belarus in the Soviet Union | 55 V. CONCLUSION. THE POLICY OF BRINGING OPPOSITES TOGETHER | 66 MAIN POINTS • Immediately after 1991, the activity of nationalist circles in Belarus led to a change in the Soviet historical narrative, which used to be the only permit ted one. However, they did not manage to develop a coherent and effective politics of memory or to subsequently put this new message across to the public. -
6013386330.Pdf
UDC 94(476) The Editorial Board: A. A. Kovalenya (head), G. Ya. Golenchenko, A. I. Grusha, V. V. Danilovich (deputy head), M. G. Zhilinsky, L. Ya. Zemlyakov, G. K. Kisilev, G. V. Korzenko, M. P. Kostyuk, A. M. Litvin, N. V. Smekhovich V. V. Yanovskaya, S. A. Nichiporovich, A. I. Stashkevich, S. P. Samuel, Ya. I. Treshchenok Translator’s note: this text was translated from Russian into English. All proper names are translated from Russian into English, but place names of Belarus are transliterated in brackets from Belarusian into English with taking into account the diacritical marks. All personal names in the text are translated from Russian into English, and Belarusian personal names are transliterated in brackets from Belarusian into English with taking into account the transliteration system by means of letter combinations. The transliteration rules from Belarusian into English are provided in the state standard GOST 7.79-2000 (ISO 9-95). The book describes the history of Belarus starting from the ancient times till present days, the place, role, contribution and achievements of the Belarusian nation within the European civilization based on the most updated conceptual and methodological approaches to history as well as the public national ideology of the Republic of Belarus. The book aims at a wide audience and all those people interested in the Belarusian history. ISBN 978-985-08-2272-7 © Design by the Publishing House “Belaruskaya navuka”, 2018 Contents PREFACE 3 ORIGINS OF THE BELARUSIAN NATION 5 Primitive Society 6 Baltic Tribes -
Circular Tour Belarus
Circular tour Belarus During our tour of Belarus, you will become immersed in a mysterious culture, you will get to know the country and people off the beaten track and gain an understanding of what Belarus is all about: a wonderful, friendly and largely undiscovered country. Arrival in Minsk Today you are travelling to Minsk. You will be picked up at the airport by your English-speaking guide. Once you have checked into your hotel, you will go for an evening stroll around town. After that you will have supper in a typical Belarusian restaurant and then visit the Belarusian National Library, where you will have a superb view of the night lights of Minsk from the roof- top. You will be accompanied by your guide and together you will talk through the programme for the next two weeks. 2nd day: Minsk Minsk city gate. Today you will learn more about the turbulent history of the country and Minsk, the Belarusian capital. Your guide will collect you from your hotel after breakfast and together you will walk around town seeing the sights. Your journey through time will start at the first stone church (10th/11th century) and will continue to the Orthodox and Catholic churches built between the 13th and 17th century in the old town centre. In the Troitskoye district you will be able to imagine what Minsk looked like in the 19th century. The town was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War and is still considered today to be the prime example of socialist realism. Unlike the cities of Moscow or Kiev, the entire city centre represents a harmonious ensemble in the gingerbread style of the Stalinist period, the likes of which can be found nowhere else in the world.