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Hideie Ukita and the Town of Okayama 】

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Hideie Ukita and the Town of Okayama 】 Email Newsletter from Mayor of Okayama (97) January 15, 2018 Issue 【Hideie Ukita and the Town of Okayama 】 Hello, I’m Masao Omori, Mayor of Okayama. I guess there are unexpectedly few citizens who know how Okayama City, where we live without particular attention, was formed. This time, I would like to share some of my thoughts. Dating back more than 400 years, when Hideyoshi Toyotomi achieved dominating the whole country in 1590, Hideie Ukita, the ruler of the land of Okayama at that time, launched the construction of Okayama Castle. It was a big undertaking that the castle had to be constructed with the location changed to Okayama, which was 100m to the east from Ishiyama where his father Naoie’s castle located. Also, it contained the construction of a huge town in a place called Katanosho (near Medical School of Okayama University), a tiny village which only held few houses. Thus, it is told that he aggressively promoted the construction of the castle and castle town while gathering samurai retainers, traders and manufacturers across the country, and altering the route of Sanyodo Road. For instance, one sake brewery which produced Kojima-shu (s ake of Kojima) at that time was forced to move to the castle town from kori (a county) of the southern part of Okayama City. (Kojima-shu is still sold by Miyashiya Sake Brewery.) Then, why was Hideie able to promote such a forceful project? I guess that is probably because Hideie was especially cherished and under the protection of Hideyoshi’s influence. Hideie was given one kanji character 秀 (hide : meaning ‘superior’) from Hideyoshi, who later became the ruler of the whole country. He also became Hideyoshi’s yushi (a stepchild not for succession to a family). As you may know, Hideie was a large feudal lord and one of the Toyotomi Gotairo (the five greatest Toyotomi’s chief ministers). Compared to other four, he had less achievement and was the youngest. Apparently, that is why he pledged allegiance to Hideyoshi and served as a general in the dispatch of troops to Korea. However, the environment around Hideie where there was the strong backing of Hideyoshi changed drastically by the death of Hideyoshi in 1598. The biggest incident is said to be the Feud of the Ukita Family in 1599. It was the conflict of Hideie versus Michiyasu Togawa, Sadatsuna Oka and Masanari Hanabusa. Those three people were not comfortable with Jirobe Nakamura’s important role given. Jirobe came from the Kaga-Maeda family accompanying Hideie’s wife Princess Go. As the result of this incident, the competent retainers since his father Naoie’s era such as Togawa, Oka and Hanabusa left the Ukita family. Actually, they were supposed to be almost hired away by Ieyasu Tokugawa. However, in my opinion, the case of Jirobe Nakamura was just a trigger, and there must have been a big conflict between Hideie and his retainers since before. It is natural to imagine that they were not satisfied with the aggressive measures of young Hideie as the retainers mentioned here were the warlords who had their own territories. Probably, the conflict existed in their minds for a long time and it was just the presence of Hideyoshi which suppressed their discontent. In the following year 1600, the Ukita army with as many as 17,000 soldiers, which was the largest in western Japan, was defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara without any activity. It goes without saying that the reason was the absence of his competitive retainers. Also, there might be war weariness due to the death of many comrades in the dispatch of troops to Korea. However, it is also true that the first ‘town-like town’ was created in the areas of Bizen, Bitchu and Mimasaka, and the foundation which led to the eras of the Kobayakawa family and the Ikeda family was established, thanks to Hideie. Hideie’s politics might have lacked balance a little bit, but I don’t think the foundation of the town was built without his initiative. After the Battle of Sekigahara, having been exiled to Tarumi and then to Hachijojima Island as a defeated general, Hideie vanished from the center stage of history. According to ‘Ukita Hideie no Matsu (Hideie Ukita’s Pine)’ authored by Nanae Shimada, Hideie became a person of well-rounded personality in his later life. I would like to thank Hideie for laying the foundation of Okayama. .
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