Evaluation of Pilot Programme
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EVALUATION OF PILOT PROGRAMME Leeds-Bradford | 2018 Muslims and Jews talking Israel-Pales�ne CONTENTS 03. Execu�ve Summary 08. Background 10. Impact and effec�veness 16. Future prospects and far reaching poten�al 20. Programme structure 23. Workshop content 29. Facilita�on 34. Complete list of recommenda�ons Appendix I – Evalua�on framework for Real Conversa�ons Appendix II – Who were the par�cipants? Appendix III – Data collected Appendix IV – Real Conversa�ons – Workshop outline Appendix V – Schools recruitment 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY REAL CONVERSATIONS Real Conversa�ons is an ambi�ous na�onal programme that is reinven�ng interfaith rela�ons across the UK. Its core principle is that only by having difficult conversa�ons – conversa�ons that are o�en avoided because they are divisive - can we understand the point of view of others. The need for dialogue that actually works could not be more pressing. Home Office sta�s�cs show rising hate-crime and inter-communal tension1. Real Conversa�ons enables a more integrated Britain by tackling the roots of these tensions, which o�en grow from problema�c assump�ons and reluctance to air different perspec�ves. Real Conversa�ons is the ini�a�ve of Senior Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner. Its pilot project was delivered by the Islamic Society of Britain (ISB) and Reform Judaism and the programme is now jointly led by Muslims and Jews. The aim is to promote discussions within Muslim and Jewish (i.e. “single iden�ty”) groups on a range of aliena�ng topics, of which Israel-Pales�ne is the most well- known, and by so doing improve how Bri�sh Muslims and Jews perceive each other. In accordance with Real Conversa�ons’ core principle, extremism is tackled at an early stage by challenging mistrust, misconcep�ons and beliefs. Discussions with a single iden�ty group take place in workshop se�ngs that are facilitated by carefully trained members of both single iden�ty groups (i.e. one Muslim and one Jew). Quan�ta�ve and qualita�ve results show that Real Conversa�ons works. Par�cipants’ views are moderated and replaced by greater understanding and resilience. Real Conversa�ons was designed with scalability in mind. Although the pre-pilot and pilot programmes focused on schools in Bradford and Leeds, Real Conversa�ons has the poten�al to be rolled out na�onally - into synagogues and mosques, universi�es, prisons, youth clubs and single gender social spaces. Real Conversa�ons is at its heart an educa�onal tool that teaches the skills required for high quality interac�ons on challenging topics. As such it can be adapted for use in other areas where discussion is difficult or shut down, such as immigra�on, gender or Brexit (see chapter en�tled “Future prospects and far reaching poten�al”). 1 Home Office: Hate Crime, England and Wales 2017/18, h�ps://�nyurl.com/ycpgcfay, page 7 3 REAL CONVERSATIONS... runs ac�vi�es that are scalable na�onally and can reach a cri�cal mass of people works in hard-to-reach and enclave communi�es tackles the most difficult issues THE PILOT A ‘pre-pilot’ test of Real Conversa�ons in Leeds and Bradford in April 2017 was enthusias�cally received by both Muslim and Jewish par�cipants who expressed a huge thirst for this kind of interven�on. The findings from this small-scale programme were fed into an extensive pilot the following year. In January 2018, Reform Judaism and the Islamic Society of Britain (ISB) embarked on a seven month pilot of Real Conversa�ons in Leeds and Bradford, working with local partner Together for Peace (T4P). The pilot began with facilitator training in late January 2018 and concluded with interviews in schools in July 2018. The pilot focused on young Muslim and Jewish people, equipping them with the skills to discuss the poten�ally divisive Israel-Pales�ne conflict. These groups were facilitated by one Muslim and one Jew. The pilot programme worked with nine facilitators and delivered eleven programmes (of two workshops each) in schools across Bradford and Leeds: two cohorts of Jewish students and nine cohorts of Muslim students. In total, Real Conversa�ons worked with 221 students. The programme was predominantly delivered to students in Key Stage 4 (Years 10 and 11). 4 THE NEED Real Conversa�ons focuses on the most difficult issues between and within communi�es. This approach matches the sen�ments expressed within the Government-sponsored Casey Review (2016) into opportunity and integra�on, which stressed problems occurring when difficult conversa�ons are avoided. Tradi�onal interfaith has its place, but, as Dame Louise Casey points out in her Review, such interac�ons can feel “so� in their impact”2. Real Conversa�ons is a prac�cal solu�on to integra�on issues, which go to the heart of inter-community problems. Sta�s�cs bear out the pressing need for an interven�on improving integra�on and focusing on Jews and Muslims. UK studies show a dispropor�onate level of an�-Semi�c a�tudes amongst Muslims3, and recent years have seen increased levels of Islamophobia in Bri�sh society4. Very few schools examine Israel-Pales�ne in depth, and feedback from teachers has indicated that it is an important topic for study. ACHIEVEMENT OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES Analysis of feedback from the pilot indicates that Real Conversa�ons delivered strongly on the following four objec�ves: Engage in debate and discussion with other young people who may have different perspec�ves Discuss the role of assump�ons and how they can impact on language and ac�on Iden�fy, develop and demonstrate listening skills Demonstrate how to apply tools to manage difficult conversa�ons A fi�h objec�ve, to increase knowledge of alterna�ve narra�ves, was well achieved for some cohorts however lower ra�ngs for this objec�ve occurred in groups where Jews and Muslims study in the same school. This may be significant, reflec�ng a greater base level of awareness in such environments, and therefore se�ng a higher bar for the development of knowledge of alterna�ve narra�ves. 2 The Casey Review, A review into opportunity and integra�on, h�ps://goo.gl/uPAg69, page 149 3 JPR/CST, An�semi�sm in contemporary Britain September 2017, h�ps://�nyurl.com/yb8f65vr, pages 53-60 4 The Times, h�ps://�nyurl.com/y7j3y3ff, 20/06/17 viewed 23/10/18 5 SUMMARY OF OUTCOMES Evalua�on form data shows that Real Conversa�ons significantly benefits par�cipants, adding value for schools in an educa�onal area – conten�ous topics – where teachers indicated that they require extra assistance. Quan�ta�ve results were strong, par�cularly in the case of three of the learning objec�ves. Powerful qualita�ve responses from teachers and par�cipants reflect a clear desire for the transforma�ve impact Real Conversa�ons can have. The following four chapters of the evalua�on give more detail on stakeholders’ responses to the pilot, and discuss four exci�ng areas of opportunity for the programme’s future. Main recommenda�ons based on the pilot: Real Conversa�ons should be used more widely to address bespoke highly controversial issues with a range of groups, especially considering the increasing awareness of societal isola�on and fragmenta�on highlighted in the Government’s Integra�on Strategy. More workshop �me is needed to fulfil the aims of the programme. Overall contact �me for each programme should be lengthened by one hour. Deepen facilitators’ ability to engage par�cipants on the specific issue, Israel-Pales�ne. To consolidate and expand the reach of Real Conversa�ons, there is a need to employ full �me staff to facilitate workshops, administer and promote the programme. 6 Other significant findings: Many of the Muslim students had never knowingly met a Jewish person before – the fact that they actually liked the Jewish facilitator was one of the most memorable parts of the experience for them. Students’ knowledge of Israel-Pales�ne and the conflict varied vastly. Jewish students were rela�vely knowledgeable about the situa�on and the issues arising. Teachers felt that the programme content was necessary and effec�ve. However, workshops need to be adapted to suit the different needs and backgrounds of each cohort of students and to include more detail and �me on the specifics of Israel-Pales�ne. Workshop content should be adapted to complement the needs of individual cohorts, with considera�on for how the programme could fit with the GCSE History syllabus. Jewish students in mixed faith schools requested the opportunity to have a conversa�on about Israel-Pales�ne with their Muslim peers in a safe and controlled space. The requirements of the programme differ in schools where students are used to learning alongside peers from the other faith community. Facilita�on of the programme was strong, but not universally so, especially due to facilitator pairs changing frequently based on availability of the nine facilitators. Facilitator training requires more than the two days, par�cularly due to the need to air different views and concerns about the subject ma�er (Israel-Pales�ne), which requires almost as much �me as skills and content-based learning. Facilitator pairings must be fully confident with each other before running their first programmes in schools. Workshop facilitators need to be equipped in the different roles they need to play during a workshop: educator, facilitator, space holder, representa�ve and should be encouraged to develop their use of powerful personal stories as part of the content delivery.