A CHINESE WEEKLY of NEWS and VIEWS Leaders of the Lianjiangkou Reform-Through- Labour Farm Discussing a Play Written by the Prisoners
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A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS Leaders of the Lianjiangkou Reform-Through- Labour Farm discussing a play written by the prisoners. SPOTLIGHT A Special School The Lianjiangkou Reform-Through-Labour Farm in Heilongjiang Province has added a special educational programme for the inmates. Guards at the reformatory conduct political, cultural and technical education among the prisoners to help promote the prisoners' ideological reform and raise their cultural and technical level. The prisoners reporting their school records to the guards. These three prisoners are enrolled in the Central Broadcasting School for Agriculture. VOL. 29, NO. 2 MNIJARY 13, 1986 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK CONTENTS No Major Changes in Hongkong NOTES HtOM THE EDITORS 4 There should be no major changes in Hongkong during the Marxism Endures as Beacon transition period from now to 1997, says China's State EVENTS/TRENDS S-7 Councillor Ji Pengfei during a meeting with local Ji Pcngrci on Hongkong's representatives. He also calls on the Hongkong people to offer Basic l^w their suggestions and comments on the Basic Law before it is *^1985 Economy: A Review adopted by the National People's Congress in 1990 (p. 5). CPC F-'oreign Ties Aimed at Peace Marxism Guides As Always INTERNATIONAL 8-10 In a period of reforms, it is all the more important for Party European Community: New members and officials to study Marxism. As a guide to action, it Memberships Spell will raise their understanding of the world around them, refine Development their ability to analyse and solve new problems, and help them PakisUin: MarUal Law LiRcd resist the corrosive influence of erroneous ideologies (p. 4). a.s Civilian Rule Begins : l^foanon: Possible Final Xiamen Implements More Flexible Policies Chapter on Civil War INTERNATIONAL ROUNDUP 11-13 This special report on the Xiamen economic zone details Soiith Africa: Apartheid the SEZ's achievements, problems, and new measures for Meets Its Match gradually implementing the free-port policies. It also United States: Reagan's catalogues the widespread social changes that have emerged in Second Term Off to the wake of these changes (p. 22). Slow Start Central America: Peace Pass• China's 1985 Economy Reviewed ing Through Their Fingers A State Statistical Bureau report presents an optimistic ^SutisMiw and Shadows—A 100- picture of China's economic performance in the year gone by. Day Journey In the South (II) 14 Most of the targets set for the Sixth Five-Year Plan (1981-85) SPECIAL REPORTS: An ImMe Look were either fulfilled ahead of schedule or surpassed. This lays a at Xiamen SEZ 22 good foundation for 1986, the first year of the Seventh Five- Xiamen Spirals to Special Year Plan (p. 6). Goals—An Interview with Deputy Mayor Wang Jinshui Talent-Scouting, the Xiamen Sundshine and Shadows (II) Way A veteran journalist provides thought-provoking Sanguine, Enterprising sidelights on China's fast changing scene with reflections on his recent four in southwest and central China (p. 14). spmmPeopl e azm LETTERS 34 Anti-Apartheid Movement Gains Momentum COVER: Xiamen, one of China's four Pretoria found itself in greater isolation than ever before special economic zones. when its high-handed policy towards the black population Pfwto by Chen Zonglte brought about rising popular resistance as well as worldwide condemnation and economic sanctions (p. 11). PublMied every AAondoy by Oistribuled by CMna IwlwrnolioiiMl Book Sutecriprian pricm (1 yw): BEIJING REVIEVy/ Trwdhlg CorpowUloil (GUOJI SHUENAN), AmtnOk, A.$22M USA USS22M 24 Baiwanzhuong Rood, Beirmg P.O. Box 399. Bel|Ing, China Naw ZMKIIMI... HL.iXM UK £1iM The People's Repubik of China ConoAi. Con. SZlJIO Marxism Endures as Beacon by An Zhiguo Decently there have been a few policies and principles. These •» Western observers who include upholding the four express the belief that China cardinal principles — socialism, considers Marxism outdated. The the people's democratic dictator• assertion, however, is inaccurate ship, the leadership of the and is, furthermore, a distortion of Communist Party, and Marxism- China's view. China holds that, as Leninism and Mao Zedong an ideological system, Marxism, Thought — the development of these cadres cannot provide which came into being a century productive forces as the funda• satisfactory solutions to the new ago, does have a few conclusions mental task of socialism; opening problems that have surfaced that are no longer valid. Its to the outside world and during the reforms. fundamental principles, however, invigorating the domestic Since China adopted the open still hold true today, and they economy; reform of the economic policy, people have had more remain to be the guidelines in our structure; the simultaneous devel• contact with capitalism's ide• work. The Chinese Communist opment of various economic ologies and realities. It is Party has upheld Marxism in the forms centred around public necessary, therefore, to use past, still upholds it today, and ownership; the development of Marxist views to discern the will continue to do so in the future. commodity economy based on difference between management public ownership; and building Cadres in China, especially methods that reflect the laws of the material wealth while promot• leading cadres, are once again modern production and those that ing the development of socialist giving priority to theoretical are only applicable to a capitalist culture and ethics. They all study. This is proof that the system. In the process of analysis, represent creative applications of Chinese Communist Party cont• it is necessary to decide whigh is to the fundamental principles of inues to attach great importance be absorbed and which is to be Marxism in the new historic to Marxist theory. The im• discarded. The key to enhancing period and have been proven portance of the current theoretical the cadres' abilities to distinguish correct by practice. study campaign was once again right from wrong is to study emphasized at the Party National Taking the Party as a whole, Marxist theory. Conference held in September however, the cadres' theoretical The emphasis on studying 1985. level still does not tally with the Marxism also holds some meaning Since China entered its new responsibilities they shoulder. For for veteran cadres. Such education period of building socialism with instance, only less than half of the will enable the older cadres to Chinese characteristics, many new nation's cadres have received better develop the Party's fine questions have cropped up for systematic training in basic traditions and to become more which the classic Marxist litera• Marxism. Although the pro• helpful to the middle-aged and ture contains no ready answers. motion of younger cadres to younger cadres. Study might also While the dogmatic way of leading posts in recent years has discourage the abuses of power for copying sentences from classic significantly reduced the average personal gains that have been Marxism mechanically is imprac• age of the cadre ranks, and their discovered among a handful of ticable, deviating from the philo• average educational and pro• veteran cadres in recent years. sophy will lead us astray. Such fessional level has been consider• The Chinese Communist Party being the case, it is necessary for us ably raised, many of these new has always considered the study of to integrate Marxist theory with recruits are not well versed in Marxism an unshirkable duty for reality, and uphold its funda• Marxist theory. Some young its members. Here let it be mental principles while discarding cadres still show the influence of emphasized that Marxism is not a some of its outdated conclusions. the "left" ideology that prevailed dogma but a guide to action. Our Though not an easy task, the during the "cultural revolution." goal is to enhance the people's process should result in its These cadres cannot tell that understanding of the world enrichment and development. The which is theoretically sound from around us and raise their ability to study of Marxist theory is a that which is not. There are also grasp the essence of problems and prerequisite for fulfilling a goal other cadres who, though they are to solve them, while also resisting such as this one. enthusiastic about acquiring pro• the corrosive influence of erro• Since 1978, the Central Com• fessional knowledge and man• neous ideologies, so as to do a mittee of the Chinese Communist agerial expertise, show no interest better job for the reform and Party has put forward a series of in theoretical study. As a result, socialist modernization. 4 BEIJING REVIEW, NO. 2 Ji Pengfei talking with Hongkong bankers and entrepreneurs. HUANG BENQfANG Ji Pengfei on Hongkong's Basic Law ough minor changes can be British will remain in charge as people speaking. We encourage r made, there should be no stipulated in the Joint Declar• them to say what they will," he major changes in Hongkong ation. "We will by no means said. during the transition period. meddle in Hongkong affairs The Basic Law would be Major changes can be made only during these 12 years," he said. adopted by the Standing Commit• after consultations." These re• Ji said the Basic Law Drafting tee of the National People's marks were made by China's State Committee (BLDC) of the Congress in 1990, Ji said. Before Councillor Ji Pengfei on De• Hongkong Special Administrative then, he said, a draft of the Basic cember 20, during a meeting in Region (SAR), which Ji chairs, Law will be repeatedly placed Hongkong with about 80 repre• will send a number of working before the Hongkong people for sentatives from Hongkong's groups to Hongkong to hold review. labour and education circles. consultation sessions with the Two days earlier, when referr• The transition period Ji spoke members of the BLDC in ing to the drafting work of the of refers to the 12 years before Hongkong and with members of Basic Law, Ji called the future China resumes sovereignty over Hongkong's widely representative SAR a unique and complicated Hongkong in 1997 in accordance organization — the Basic Law "mansion" that "requires the with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Consultative Committee (BLCC).