Tursiops Truncatus)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Image from UNCW Marine Mammal Program Image from UNCW Marine Mammal Program Taken under NOAA scientific permit #948-1692-00 Taken under NOAA scientific permit #948-1692-00 Species Description: - Body coloration ranges from light grey to black dorsally - Robust body and moderately falcate dorsal fin and laterally, with a lighter colored belly - Sharp demarcation between melon and short rostrum - Body size and appendage shape varies across - Pectoral flipper’s leading edge convex, pointed tips geographic regions - Flukes concavely curved along trailing margin and - Average adult length is 6-12 ft (2-3.8 m) notched in center - Average adult weight is 300-1400 lbs (135-635 kg) Behavior: Reproduction: - Fast, efficient swimmers - Lifespan for males - 40-45 yrs, females - over 50 yrs - Cruise at speeds of 1.4 to 3.1 meters per second (3.1-6.9 - Sexual maturity for males - 9-14 yrs, females - 5-13 yrs miles per hour) - Gestation period approximately 12 months - Coastal form found in groups of 2-15 individuals - Calving season usually occurs in warmer months - Groups types include: female bands/nursery, subadult, and male pairs Diet: - Fish Threats / Conservation: Conservation/ Threats: - Benthic invertebrates - Not endangered - Pelagic fish and squids - Protected under the Marine Mammal Protection Act in - Feeding strategies include “fish whacking”, “kerplunking”, United States “crater” feeding, and herding - Bycatch from gillnets, seines, trawls and fishing gear - In 2013-14 experienced a Morbillivirus unusual mortality event Species Distribution: - Usually found in warm temperate and tropical seas, in both coastal and offshore areas - Inhabit water with a surface temperature ranging from 10C to 32C Courtesy of NOAA - Coastal populations can migrate into bays, estuaries and river mouths Bottlenose Dolphin Range Map - Offshore populations inhabit both continental shelf and pelagic waters Strandings in North Carolina: UNCW Stranding Program under NOAA SA UNCW Stranding Program under NOAA SA - From 1992 to 2014, 2,072 bottlenose dolphins stranded in North Carolina - Most commonly stranded cetacean in North Carolina References: Information for this document came primarily from NOAA’s Office of Protected Resources website Other references included Handbook of Marine Mammals Volume 6: The Second Book of Dolphins and the Porpoises (1999). Produced by UNCW student Jasmine Medina, 2015 .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

DOLPHIN RESEARCH CENTER Legends & Myths & More!
DOLPHIN RESEARCH CENTER Legends & Myths & More! Grade Level: 3rd -5 th Objectives: Students will construct their own meaning from a variety of legends and myths about dolphins and then create their own dolphin legend or myth. Florida Sunshine State Standards: Language Arts LA.A.2.2.5 The student reads and organizes information for a variety of purposes, including making a report, conducting interviews, taking a test, and performing an authentic task. LA.B.1.2 The student uses the writing processes effectively. Social Studies SS.A.1.2.1: The student understands how individuals, ideas, decisions, and events can influence history. SS.B.2.2.4: The student understands how factors such as population growth, human migration, improved methods of transportation and communication, and economic development affect the use and conservation of natural resources. Science SC.G.1.2.2 The student knows that living things compete in a climatic region with other living things and that structural adaptations make them fit for an environment. National Science Education Standards: Content Standard C (K-4) - Characteristics of Organisms : Each plant or animal has different structures that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction. For example, humans have distinct body structures for walking, holding, seeing, and talking. Content Standard C (5-8) - Diversity and adaptations of Organisms : Biological evolution accounts for the diversity of species developed through gradual processes over many generations. Species acquire many of their unique characteristics through biological adaptation, which involves the selection of naturally occurring variations in populations. Biological adaptations include changes in structures, behaviors, or physiology that enhance survival and reproductive success in a particular environment.
[Show full text]
Cognitive Adaptations of Social Bonding in Birds Nathan J
Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2007) 362, 489–505 doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1991 Published online 24 January 2007 Cognitive adaptations of social bonding in birds Nathan J. Emery1,*, Amanda M. Seed2, Auguste M. P. von Bayern1 and Nicola S. Clayton2 1Sub-department of Animal Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 8AA, UK 2Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK The ‘social intelligence hypothesis’ was originally conceived to explain how primates may have evolved their superior intellect and large brains when compared with other animals. Although some birds such as corvids may be intellectually comparable to apes, the same relationship between sociality and brain size seen in primates has not been found for birds, possibly suggesting a role for other non-social factors. But bird sociality is different from primate sociality. Most monkeys and apes form stable groups, whereas most birds are monogamous, and only form large ﬂocks outside of the breeding season. Some birds form lifelong pair bonds and these species tend to have the largest brains relative to body size. Some of these species are known for their intellectual abilities (e.g. corvids and parrots), while others are not (e.g. geese and albatrosses). Although socio-ecological factors may explain some of the differences in brain size and intelligence between corvids/parrots and geese/albatrosses, we predict that the type and quality of the bonded relationship is also critical. Indeed, we present empirical evidence that rook and jackdaw partnerships resemble primate and dolphin alliances. Although social interactions within a pair may seem simple on the surface, we argue that cognition may play an important role in the maintenance of long-term relationships, something we name as ‘relationship intelligence’.
[Show full text]
Cetacean Records Along a Coastal-Offshore Gradient in the Vitória
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.21812 Cetacean records along a coastal-offshore gradient in the Vitória- Trindade Chain, western South Atlantic Ocean Wedekin, LL.a*, Rossi-Santos, MR.a, Baracho, C.a, Cypriano-Souza, AL.a,b and Simões-Lopes, PC.c aInstituto Baleia Jubarte, Rua Barão do Rio Branco, 125, CEP 45900-000, Caravelas, BA, Brazil bLaboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul – PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, CEP 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil cLaboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos – LAMAQ, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Universitário, CP 5102, Trindade, CEP 88040-970, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: November 2, 2012 – Accepted: December 27, 2012 – Distributed: February 28, 2014 (With 2 figures) Abstract Oceanic waters are difficult to assess, and there are many gaps in knowledge regarding cetacean occurrence. To fill some of these gaps, this article provides important cetacean records obtained in the winter of 2010 during a dedicated expedition to collect visual and acoustic information in the Vitória-Trindade seamounts. We observed 19 groups of cetaceans along a 1300-km search trajectory, with six species being identified: the humpback whale Megaptera( novaeangliae, N = 9 groups), the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus, N = 1), the Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis, N = 1), the rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis, N = 1), the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus, N = 2), and the killer whale (Orcinus orca, N = 1). Most humpback whale groups (N = 7; 78%) were observed in the Vitória-Trindade seamounts, especially the mounts close to the Abrolhos Bank.
[Show full text]
Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: a Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà
Ethology CURRENT ISSUES – PERSPECTIVES AND REVIEWS Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: A Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà * Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK à Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (Invited Review) Correspondence Abstract Nicola Clayton, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Intelligence is suggested to have evolved in primates in response to com- Street, Cambridge CB23EB, UK. plexities in the environment faced by their ancestors. Corvids, a large- E-mail: [email protected] brained group of birds, have been suggested to have undergone a con- vergent evolution of intelligence [Emery & Clayton (2004) Science, Vol. Received: November 13, 2008 306, pp. 1903–1907]. Here we review evidence for the proposal from Initial acceptance: December 26, 2008 both ultimate and proximate perspectives. While we show that many of Final acceptance: February 15, 2009 (M. Taborsky) the proposed hypotheses for the evolutionary origin of great ape intelli- gence also apply to corvids, further study is needed to reveal the selec- doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01644.x tive pressures that resulted in the evolution of intelligent behaviour in both corvids and apes. For comparative proximate analyses we empha- size the need to be explicit about the level of analysis to reveal the type of convergence that has taken place. Although there is evidence that corvids and apes solve social and physical problems with similar speed and ﬂexibility, there is a great deal more to be learned about the repre- sentations and algorithms underpinning these computations in both groups.
[Show full text]
THE CASE AGAINST Marine Mammals in Captivity Authors: Naomi A
s l a m m a y t T i M S N v I i A e G t A n i p E S r a A C a C E H n T M i THE CASE AGAINST Marine Mammals in Captivity The Humane Society of the United State s/ World Society for the Protection of Animals 2009 1 1 1 2 0 A M , n o t s o g B r o . 1 a 0 s 2 u - e a t i p s u S w , t e e r t S h t u o S 9 8 THE CASE AGAINST Marine Mammals in Captivity Authors: Naomi A. Rose, E.C.M. Parsons, and Richard Farinato, 4th edition Editors: Naomi A. Rose and Debra Firmani, 4th edition ©2009 The Humane Society of the United States and the World Society for the Protection of Animals. All rights reserved. ©2008 The HSUS. All rights reserved. Printed on recycled paper, acid free and elemental chlorine free, with soy-based ink. Cover: ©iStockphoto.com/Ying Ying Wong Overview n the debate over marine mammals in captivity, the of the natural environment. The truth is that marine mammals have evolved physically and behaviorally to survive these rigors. public display industry maintains that marine mammal For example, nearly every kind of marine mammal, from sea lion Iexhibits serve a valuable conservation function, people to dolphin, travels large distances daily in a search for food. In learn important information from seeing live animals, and captivity, natural feeding and foraging patterns are completely lost.
[Show full text]
Wild Dolphin Behaviors What Are Natural Behaviors?
WILD DOLPHIN BEHAVIORS WHAT ARE NATURAL BEHAVIORS? Spinner dolphins exhibit a variety of natural behaviors, which are essential for survival and success in dolphin communities. The following behaviors are commonly seen in Hawaiian waters. Resting Traveling Socializing NMFS LOC15409 Resting is characterized by slow Travel is characterized by Social interactions involve swimming speed, synchronous dives persistent movement in a breeding, playing, and extended periods swimming in consistent direction. Dolphins aggression, and gentle body quiet formation along the shallow may travel alone or in groups. contact, such as rubbing. bottom Aerial Behaviors Aerial behaviors include those behaviors from which this dolphin received its name. Many of these behaviors bring the dolphin partially or completely out of the water with significant splash. Aerial behaviors include nose- outs, tail slaps, back slaps, side slaps, head slaps, arcuate leaps, tail-over-head leaps, and spins. Leap Side slap Arcuate leap Spin WHAT IS DISTURBANCE? Disturbance occurs when an animal’s natural behaviors are disrupted. Chronic disturbance may lead to long-term negative impacts, such as compromised health, stress, injury, reduced reproductive success, and displacement from, or avoidance of, important habitats. Some natural behaviors are more vulnerable to disturbance than others, such as feeding and resting. Maternal care is also particularly vulnerable to disturbance — extra care should be taken while viewing dolphin mothers and calves. WHAT CAUSES DISTURBANCE? Wild dolphins can be easily disturbed by the presence of people and watercraft, especially when approached too closely, quickly, or noisily for short or extended durations. Too many vessels approaching at the same time or in sequence can also cause disturbance.
[Show full text]
FC Inshore Cetacean Species Identification
Falklands Conservation PO BOX 26, Falkland Islands, FIQQ 1ZZ +500 22247 [email protected] www.falklandsconservation.com FC Inshore Cetacean Species Identification Introduction This guide outlines the key features that can be used to distinguish between the six most common cetacean species that inhabit Falklands' waters. A number of additional cetacean species may occasionally be seen in coastal waters, for example the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), the long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) and the dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus). A full list of the species that have been documented to date around the Falklands can be found in Appendix 1. Note that many of these are typical of deeper, oceanic waters, and are unlikely to be encountered along the coast. The six species (or seven species, including two species of minke whale) described in this document are observed regularly in shallow, nearshore waters, and are the focus of this identification guide. Questions and further information For any questions about species identification then please contact the Cetaceans Project Officer Caroline Weir who will be happy to help you try and identify your sighting: Tel: 22247 Email: [email protected] Useful identification guides If you wish to learn more about the identification features of various species, some comprehensive field guides (which include all cetacean species globally) include: Handbook of Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises by Mark Carwardine. 2019. Marine Mammals of the World: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification by Thomas A. Jefferson, Marc A. Webber, and Robert L. Pitman. 2015. Whales, Dolphins and Seals: A Field Guide to the Marine Mammals of the World by Hadoram Shirihai and Brett Jarrett.
[Show full text]
Healing and Caring in Dolphin-Assisted Therapy: Criticisms of Effectiveness and Ethical Issues
GESTALT THEORY, DOI 10.2478/gth-2018-0024 © 2018 (ISSN 2519-5808); Vol. 40, No.3, 323–336 Original Contributions - Originalbeiträge Irene Candelieri Healing and Caring in Dolphin-Assisted Therapy: Criticisms of Effectiveness and Ethical Issues Mit allen Augen sieht die Kreatur das Offene. Nur unsere Augen sind wie umgekehrt und ganz um sie gestellt als Fallen, rings um ihren freien Ausgang. […] das Offene, das im Tiergesicht so tief ist. Die achte Elegie, Die Duineser Elegien, Reiner Maria Rilke Human–Non-Human Interactions and Vulnerability in Animal-Assisted Therapies This report originates from research that I undertook years ago in Mongolia and Brazil about shamanism, which then led me to work for a period in Bali Island, in the field of dolphin-assisted therapies (DAT). The central topic of my research was the notion of care in ancient healing traditions, in unconventional treatments, as well as their contributions to present therapies, seen from a multidisciplinary approach involving psychology, anthropology and philosophy, which focuses in particular on the pivotal role played by transformational processes within the therapeutical dimension. Speaking about caring and healing, the study of shamanism (in particular, Siberian shamanic traditions) allowed me to closely observe how interaction be- tween humans and animals, in some cultures, seems essential in order to achieve complete recovery, at both the individual and the social levels. The shaman’s ini- tiatory transformation is manifested in her/his friendship with animals, in
[Show full text]
Z Dolphin Rescue
z Annual newsletter of the Blue World Institute for Marine Research and Conservation 2007. bottlenose dolphin can weigh up to 350kg which is normally supported by the water. The animal Dolphin rescue should be supported in a stretcher where possible and not left on any hard surfaces, this may dam- age the fragile bone structure of the ribs and the animal’s internal organs. Untrained help therefore from concerned citizens, although understand- able, should be avoided. Veterinary help should applied only by those individuals that have been trained on an internationally recognised cetacean medical course. The serious issue related to the transmission of diseases in cetacean species and populations and to their handling has been dis- cussed in detail at the 59th Annual Meeting of the Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission, which Croatia has recently joined. Blue World is a professional scientific organisation regularly participating in workshops and meetings organised by European and world experts trained in cetacean veterinary medicine. The above rec- ommendations follow the international standards of present knowledge on cetacean and dolphin Dolphin rescue is an unusually hard and extremely advice remains the same in this instance: please rescue techniques. In the past, Blue World has complex procedure. Unfortunately it is rarely suc- leave the animals alone, not to catch them or try proposed the creation of a national rescue centre cessful. Any attempt to rescue a whale or dolphin to get in contact with them, not to go into the for endangered and protected marine organisms, should be only carried out by expert personnel sea and swim with them, the best human help to particularly marine turtles and cetaceans, and a specially trained in this procedure.
[Show full text]
Heraldry & the Parts of a Coat of Arms
Heraldry reference materials The tomb of Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou (died 1151) is the first recorded example of hereditary armory in Europe. The same shield shown here is found on the tomb effigy of his grandson, William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury. Heraldry & the Parts of a Coat of Arms From fleur-de-lis.com Here are some charts from Irish surnames.com, but you can look up more specific information for you by searching “charges” and the words that allude to your ancestors’ backgrounds and cultures, if you prefer. Also try: http://www.rarebooks.nd.edu/digital/heraldry/charges/crowns.html for a good reference source on charges. THE COLORS ON COATS OF ARMS Color Meaning Image Generosity Or (Gold) Argent (Silver or White) Sincerity, Peace Justice, Sovereignty, Purpure (Purple) Regal Warrior, Martyr, Military Gules (Red) Strength Azure (Blue) Strength, Loyalty Vert (Green) Hope, loyalty in love Sable (Black) Constancy, Grief Tenne or Tawny (Orange) Worthwhile Ambition Sanguine or Murray Victorious, Patient in Battle (Maroon) LINES ON COATS OF ARMS Name Meaning Image Irish Example Clouds or Air Nebuly Line Wavy Line Sea or Water Gillespie Embattled Fire, Town-Wall Patterson Line Engrailed Earth, Land Feeney Line Invecked Earth, Land Rowe Line Indented Fire Power Line HERALDIC BEASTS Name Meaning Image Irish Example Fierce Courage. In Ireland the Lion represented the 'lion' season, Lawlor Lion prior to the full arrival of Dillon Summer. The symbol can Condon also represent a great Warrior or Chief. Tiger Fierceness and valour Of Regal origin, one of high nature. In Ireland the Fish is associated with the legend of Fionn who became the first to Roche Fish taste the 'salmon of knowledge'.
[Show full text]
The Possible Reasons for Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) Participating In
The possible reasons for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) participating in non-predatory aggressive interactions with harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in Cardigan Bay, Wales Leonora Neale Student ID: 4103778 BSc Zoology Supervised by Dr Francis Gilbert Word count: 5335 Contents Page Page: ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….......1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………..............................3 METHODS………………………………………………………………....................9 Study species………………………………………………………………......9 Study area………………………………………………………………….…10 Methods of data collection………………………………………...................10 Methods of data analysis………………………………………......................13 RESULTS………………………………………………………………………........14 Geographical distribution……………………………………………….......14 Object-oriented play……………………………………………………........15 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………….…….18 Geographical distribution……………………………………………………18 Object-oriented play…………………………………………………….........18 Diet………………………………………………………………...................21 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………23 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………….25 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………26 APPENDIX……………………………………………………………………..........33 CBMWC sightings………………………...………………………………….…33 CBMWC sightings form guide………………...………………………….….34 CBMWC excel spreadsheet equations……………………………………......35 Abstract Between 1991 and 2011, 137 harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) died as a result of attacks by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Cardigan Bay. The suggested reasons for these non-predatory aggressive interactions
[Show full text]
Baiji Genomes Reveal Low Genetic Variability and New Insights Into Secondary Aquatic Adaptations
ARTICLE Received 13 Apr 2013 | Accepted 3 Oct 2013 | Published 29 Oct 2013 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3708 OPEN Baiji genomes reveal low genetic variability and new insights into secondary aquatic adaptations Xuming Zhou1,2,*, Fengming Sun3,*, Shixia Xu1,*, Guangyi Fan3, Kangli Zhu1, Xin Liu3, Yuan Chen1, Chengcheng Shi3, Yunxia Yang1, Zhiyong Huang3, Jing Chen3, Haolong Hou3, Xuejiang Guo4, Wenbin Chen3, Yuefeng Chen1, Xiaohong Wang1, Tian Lv3, Dan Yang1, Jiajian Zhou3, Bangqing Huang3, Zhengfei Wang1, Wei Zhao3, Ran Tian1, Zhiqiang Xiong3, Junxiao Xu1, Xinming Liang3, Bingyao Chen1, Weiqing Liu3, Junyi Wang3, Shengkai Pan3, Xiaodong Fang3, Ming Li2, Fuwen Wei2, Xun Xu3, Kaiya Zhou1, Jun Wang3,5,6 & Guang Yang1 The baiji, or Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer), is a flagship species for the conservation of aquatic animals and ecosystems in the Yangtze River of China; however, this species has now been recognized as functionally extinct. Here we report a high-quality draft genome and three re-sequenced genomes of L. vexillifer using Illumina short-read sequencing technology. Comparative genomic analyses reveal that cetaceans have a slow molecular clock and molecular adaptations to their aquatic lifestyle. We also find a significantly lower number of heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the baiji compared to all other mammalian genomes reported thus far. A reconstruction of the demographic history of the baiji indicates that a bottleneck occurred near the end of the last deglaciation, a time coinciding with a rapid decrease in temperature and the rise of eustatic sea level. 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
[Show full text]