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Anomalously Pigmented Common Dolphins (Delphinus Sp.) Off Northern New Zealand Karen A
Aquatic Mammals 2005, 31(1), 43-51, DOI 10.1578/AM.31.1.2005.43 Anomalously Pigmented Common Dolphins (Delphinus sp.) off Northern New Zealand Karen A. Stockin1 and Ingrid N. Visser2 1Coastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 102 904, North Shore MSC, Auckland, New Zealand 2Orca Research Trust, P.O. Box 1233, Whangarei, New Zealand Abstract New Zealand waters is provided by Bernal et al. (2003) who suggested that common dolphins exhib- Anomalous pigmentations have been recorded in iting long rostra, as photographed in New Zealand many cetacean species. However, typically only by Doak (1989; Plates 34A, 34B), are long-beaked one variation is reported from a population at common dolphins. However, as Amaha (1994) and a time (e.g., an albino). Here we record a spec- Jefferson & Van Waerebeek (2002) highlighted, trum of pigmentation from common dolphins neither New Zealand nor Australian common dol- (Delphinus sp.) off northern New Zealand. All- phins neatly fit the morphological description of black, dark-morph, pale-morph, and all-white either D. delphis or D. capensis. In the past, New individuals, as well as variations between these Zealand common dolphins have been identified have been recorded. Pale-coloured pectoral flip- from pigmentation patterns in the field and classi- pers are prevalent, and a number of individuals fied as short-beaked common dolphins (Bräger & with white “helmets” have been observed. Schneider, 1998; Gaskin, 1968; Neumann, 2001; Webb, 1973), although pigmentation alone may not Key Words: common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, be sufficient to positively identity these dolphins to Delphinus capensis, anomalous pigmentation, species. -
Cetacean Records Along a Coastal-Offshore Gradient in the Vitória
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.21812 Cetacean records along a coastal-offshore gradient in the Vitória- Trindade Chain, western South Atlantic Ocean Wedekin, LL.a*, Rossi-Santos, MR.a, Baracho, C.a, Cypriano-Souza, AL.a,b and Simões-Lopes, PC.c aInstituto Baleia Jubarte, Rua Barão do Rio Branco, 125, CEP 45900-000, Caravelas, BA, Brazil bLaboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul – PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, CEP 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil cLaboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos – LAMAQ, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC, Campus Universitário, CP 5102, Trindade, CEP 88040-970, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: November 2, 2012 – Accepted: December 27, 2012 – Distributed: February 28, 2014 (With 2 figures) Abstract Oceanic waters are difficult to assess, and there are many gaps in knowledge regarding cetacean occurrence. To fill some of these gaps, this article provides important cetacean records obtained in the winter of 2010 during a dedicated expedition to collect visual and acoustic information in the Vitória-Trindade seamounts. We observed 19 groups of cetaceans along a 1300-km search trajectory, with six species being identified: the humpback whale Megaptera( novaeangliae, N = 9 groups), the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus, N = 1), the Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis, N = 1), the rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis, N = 1), the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus, N = 2), and the killer whale (Orcinus orca, N = 1). Most humpback whale groups (N = 7; 78%) were observed in the Vitória-Trindade seamounts, especially the mounts close to the Abrolhos Bank. -
213 Subpart I—Taking and Importing Marine Mammals
National Marine Fisheries Service/NOAA, Commerce Pt. 218 regulations or that result in no more PART 218—REGULATIONS GOV- than a minor change in the total esti- ERNING THE TAKING AND IM- mated number of takes (or distribution PORTING OF MARINE MAM- by species or years), NMFS may pub- lish a notice of proposed LOA in the MALS FEDERAL REGISTER, including the asso- ciated analysis of the change, and so- Subparts A–B [Reserved] licit public comment before issuing the Subpart C—Taking Marine Mammals Inci- LOA. dental to U.S. Navy Marine Structure (c) A LOA issued under § 216.106 of Maintenance and Pile Replacement in this chapter and § 217.256 for the activ- Washington ity identified in § 217.250 may be modi- fied by NMFS under the following cir- 218.20 Specified activity and specified geo- cumstances: graphical region. (1) Adaptive Management—NMFS 218.21 Effective dates. may modify (including augment) the 218.22 Permissible methods of taking. existing mitigation, monitoring, or re- 218.23 Prohibitions. porting measures (after consulting 218.24 Mitigation requirements. with Navy regarding the practicability 218.25 Requirements for monitoring and re- porting. of the modifications) if doing so cre- 218.26 Letters of Authorization. ates a reasonable likelihood of more ef- 218.27 Renewals and modifications of Let- fectively accomplishing the goals of ters of Authorization. the mitigation and monitoring set 218.28–218.29 [Reserved] forth in the preamble for these regula- tions. Subpart D—Taking Marine Mammals Inci- (i) Possible sources of data that could dental to U.S. Navy Construction Ac- contribute to the decision to modify tivities at Naval Weapons Station Seal the mitigation, monitoring, or report- Beach, California ing measures in a LOA: (A) Results from Navy’s monitoring 218.30 Specified activity and specified geo- graphical region. -
Cetaceans: Whales and Dolphins
CETACEANS: WHALES AND DOLPHINS By Anna Plattner Objective Students will explore the natural history of whales and dolphins around the world. Content will be focused on how whales and dolphins are adapted to the marine environment, the differences between toothed and baleen whales, and how whales and dolphins communicate and find food. Characteristics of specific species of whales will be presented throughout the guide. What is a cetacean? A cetacean is any marine mammal in the order Cetaceae. These animals live their entire lives in water and include whales, dolphins, and porpoises. There are 81 known species of whales, dolphins, and porpoises. The two suborders of cetaceans are mysticetes (baleen whales) and odontocetes (toothed whales). Cetaceans are mammals, thus they are warm blooded, give live birth, have hair when they are born (most lose their hair soon after), and nurse their young. How are cetaceans adapted to the marine environment? Cetaceans have developed many traits that allow them to thrive in the marine environment. They have streamlined bodies that glide easily through the water and help them conserve energy while they swim. Cetaceans breathe through a blowhole, located on the top of their head. This allows them to float at the surface of the water and easily exhale and inhale. Cetaceans also have a thick layer of fat tissue called blubber that insulates their internals organs and muscles. The limbs of cetaceans have also been modified for swimming. A cetacean has a powerful tailfin called a fluke and forelimbs called flippers that help them steer through the water. Most cetaceans also have a dorsal fin that helps them stabilize while swimming. -
Lagenodelphis Hosei – Fraser's Dolphin
Lagenodelphis hosei – Fraser’s Dolphin Assessment Rationale The species is suspected to be widespread and abundant and there have been no reported population declines or major threats identified that could cause a range-wide decline. Globally, it has been listed as Least Concern and, within the assessment region, it is not a conservation priority and therefore, the regional change from Data Deficient to Least Concern reflects the lack of major threats to the species. The most prominent threat to this species globally may be incidental capture in fishing gear and, although this is not considered a major threat to this species in the assessment region, Fraser’s Dolphins have become entangled in anti-shark nets off South Africa’s east coast. This threat should be monitored. Regional Red List status (2016) Least Concern Regional population effects: Fraser’s Dolphin has a widespread, pantropical distribution, and although its National Red List status (2004) Data Deficient seasonal migration patterns in southern Africa remain Reasons for change Non-genuine change: inconclusive, no barriers to dispersal have been New information recognised, thus rescue effects are possible. Global Red List status (2012) Least Concern TOPS listing (NEMBA) (2007) None Distribution The distribution of L. hosei is suggested to be pantropical CITES listing (2003) Appendix II (Robison & Craddock 1983), and is widespread across the Endemic No Pacific and Atlantic Oceans (Ross 1984), and the species has been documented in the Indian Ocean off South This species is occasionally Africa’s east coast (Perrin et al. 1973), in Sri Lanka misidentified as the Striped Dolphin (Stenella (Leatherwood & Reeves 1989), Madagascar (Perrin et al. -
FC Inshore Cetacean Species Identification
Falklands Conservation PO BOX 26, Falkland Islands, FIQQ 1ZZ +500 22247 [email protected] www.falklandsconservation.com FC Inshore Cetacean Species Identification Introduction This guide outlines the key features that can be used to distinguish between the six most common cetacean species that inhabit Falklands' waters. A number of additional cetacean species may occasionally be seen in coastal waters, for example the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), the long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) and the dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus). A full list of the species that have been documented to date around the Falklands can be found in Appendix 1. Note that many of these are typical of deeper, oceanic waters, and are unlikely to be encountered along the coast. The six species (or seven species, including two species of minke whale) described in this document are observed regularly in shallow, nearshore waters, and are the focus of this identification guide. Questions and further information For any questions about species identification then please contact the Cetaceans Project Officer Caroline Weir who will be happy to help you try and identify your sighting: Tel: 22247 Email: [email protected] Useful identification guides If you wish to learn more about the identification features of various species, some comprehensive field guides (which include all cetacean species globally) include: Handbook of Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises by Mark Carwardine. 2019. Marine Mammals of the World: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Identification by Thomas A. Jefferson, Marc A. Webber, and Robert L. Pitman. 2015. Whales, Dolphins and Seals: A Field Guide to the Marine Mammals of the World by Hadoram Shirihai and Brett Jarrett. -
Diet of the Striped Dolphin, Stenella Coeruleoalba, in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 3-2008 Diet of the Striped Dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba, in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean William F. Perrin Kelly M. Robertson William A. Walker Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Perrin, William F.; Robertson, Kelly M.; and Walker, William A., "Diet of the Striped Dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba, in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean" (2008). Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce. 23. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub/23 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Commerce at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS T O F C E N O M M T M R E A R P C E E D MARCH 2008 U N A I C T I E R D E M ST A AT E S OF DIET OF THE STRIPED DOLPHIN, Stenella coeruleoalba, IN THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC OCEAN William F. Perrin Kelly M. Robertson William A. Walker NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-418 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), organized in 1970, has evolved into an agency which establishes national policies and manages and conserves our oceanic, coastal, and atmospheric resources. -
Bottlenose Dolphin Abundance in the NW Mediterranean: Addressing Heterogeneity in Distribution
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 275: 275–287, 2004 Published July 14 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Bottlenose dolphin abundance in the NW Mediterranean: addressing heterogeneity in distribution Jaume Forcada1,*, Manel Gazo2, Alex Aguilar2, Joan Gonzalvo2, Mar Fernández-Contreras2 1British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, United Kingdom 2Department of Animal Biology (Vertebrates), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08071 Barcelona, Spain ABSTRACT: Line-transect estimators were developed to assess abundance of coastal dolphins Tur- siops truncatus and Stenella coeruleoalba encountered in low densities during aerial sighting sur- veys. The analysis improved on conventional approaches by objectively combining data from differ- ent species, survey areas and other covariates affecting dolphin detectability. Model selection and multimodel inference allowed robust estimates of precision in accounting for covariate selection uncertainty. These methods were used to estimate bottlenose dolphin abundance in NE Mediter- ranean waters that included a putative subpopulation in the Balearic Islands. Total abundance was estimated as 7654 (coefficient of variation, CV = 0.47; 95% CI = 1608 to 15 766) and the abundance in inshore waters of the Balearic Islands varied from 727 (CV = 0.47; 95% CI = 149 to 1481) dolphins in spring 2002 to 1333 (CV = 0.44; 95% CI = 419 to 2617) dolphins in autumn 2002, with an average estimate of 1030 (CV = 0.35; 95% CI = 415 to 1849). The results do not support an exclusively coastal Balearic Island subpopulation, but they strongly indicate that the islands contain critical habitats required for the conservation of the species. Given the observed decline of the species during the last few decades, conservation-oriented management should focus on reducing or eliminating adverse fishing interactions while key areas are protected from encroachment produced by human development. -
Stenella Coeruleoalba) from the Mediterranean Sea (Southern Italy)
Environmental Pollution 116 (2002) 265–271 www.elsevier.com/locate/envpol Accumulation and tissue distribution of mercury and selenium in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Mediterranean Sea (southern Italy) N. Cardellicchio *, A. Decataldo, A. Di Leo, A. Misino CNR — Istituto Sperimentale Talassografico, via Roma 3, I-74100 Taranto, Italy Received 13 October 2000; accepted 6 March 2001 Abstract Tissues and organs from Stenella coeruleoalba stranded along the Apulian coasts (southern Italy) during the period April–July 1991 were analyzed for their mercury and selenium content. Analysis showed considerable variations in the mercury concentration in the examined organs and tissues. The highest concentrations of mercury were found in the liver (from 2.27 to 374.50 mggÀ1 wet wt.). After the liver, lung, kidney, muscle and brain were the most contaminated, while the lowest mercury contamination was found in the melon. As mercury, the liver also showed the highest selenium levels. Liver samples were also analyzed for their methyl mercury contents. The role of selenium in detoxification process of methyl mercury has been discussed. Mercury concentrations related to geographic variations and pollution of the marine environment have been examined. The possible implications between mercury accumulation and dolphin death have also been discussed. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Mercury; Selenium; Mediterranean; Dolphin; Accumulation 1. Introduction monitoring researches on stranded animals both in the anatomo-pathological and in chemico-toxicological The study of mercury accumulation in dolphins is field have been carried out (Andre´ et al., 1991; Leonzio particularly interesting from the ecotoxicological point et al., 1992; Augier et al., 1993b; Cardellicchio, 1995; of view because of the position of these organisms at the Monaci et al., 1998; Capelli et al., 2000; Cardellicchio et end of the trophic networks. -
Miyazaki, N. Growth and Reproduction of Stenella Coeruleoalba Off The
GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF STENELLA COERULEOALBA OFF THE PACIFIC COAST OF JAPAN NOBUYUKI MIYAZAKI Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa ABSTRACT This study is based on data from about five thousand specimens of S. coeruleoalba. Mean length at birth is 100 cm. Mean lengths at the age of 1 year and 2 years are 166 cm and 180 cm, respectively. The species starts feed ing on solid food at the age of 0.25 year (or 135 cm). Mean weaning age is about 1.5 years (or 174 cm). Mean testis weights at the attainment of puberty and sexual maturity of males are 6.8 g and 15.5 g, respectively. Mean ages at the attainment of puberty and sexual maturity of males are 6. 7 years (or 210 cm) and 8.7 years (or 219 cm), respectively. Females attain puberty and sexual maturity on the average at 7.1 years (or 209 cm) and 8.8 years (or 216 cm), respectively. There are three mating seasons in a year, from Feb ruary to May, from July to September, and in December. Mating season may occur at an interval from 4 to 5 months. The overall sex ratio (male/female) is 1.14. Sex ratio changes with age, from near parity at birth, indicating higher mortality rates for males. INTRODUCTION The striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba are caught annually by the driving fishery or hand harpoons in the Pacific coast ofJapan (Ohsumi 1972, Miyazaki et al. 1974). According to Ohsumi (1972), Miyazaki et al. (1974), and Nishiwaki (1975), the striped dolphins caught in the Pacific coast of Japan are suggested to belong to one population. -
The Possible Reasons for Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) Participating In
The possible reasons for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) participating in non-predatory aggressive interactions with harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in Cardigan Bay, Wales Leonora Neale Student ID: 4103778 BSc Zoology Supervised by Dr Francis Gilbert Word count: 5335 Contents Page Page: ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….......1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………..............................3 METHODS………………………………………………………………....................9 Study species………………………………………………………………......9 Study area………………………………………………………………….…10 Methods of data collection………………………………………...................10 Methods of data analysis………………………………………......................13 RESULTS………………………………………………………………………........14 Geographical distribution……………………………………………….......14 Object-oriented play……………………………………………………........15 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………….…….18 Geographical distribution……………………………………………………18 Object-oriented play…………………………………………………….........18 Diet………………………………………………………………...................21 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………23 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………….25 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………26 APPENDIX……………………………………………………………………..........33 CBMWC sightings………………………...………………………………….…33 CBMWC sightings form guide………………...………………………….….34 CBMWC excel spreadsheet equations……………………………………......35 Abstract Between 1991 and 2011, 137 harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) died as a result of attacks by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Cardigan Bay. The suggested reasons for these non-predatory aggressive interactions -
Tursiops Truncatus)
Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Image from UNCW Marine Mammal Program Image from UNCW Marine Mammal Program Taken under NOAA scientific permit #948-1692-00 Taken under NOAA scientific permit #948-1692-00 Species Description: - Body coloration ranges from light grey to black dorsally - Robust body and moderately falcate dorsal fin and laterally, with a lighter colored belly - Sharp demarcation between melon and short rostrum - Body size and appendage shape varies across - Pectoral flipper’s leading edge convex, pointed tips geographic regions - Flukes concavely curved along trailing margin and - Average adult length is 6-12 ft (2-3.8 m) notched in center - Average adult weight is 300-1400 lbs (135-635 kg) Behavior: Reproduction: - Fast, efficient swimmers - Lifespan for males - 40-45 yrs, females - over 50 yrs - Cruise at speeds of 1.4 to 3.1 meters per second (3.1-6.9 - Sexual maturity for males - 9-14 yrs, females - 5-13 yrs miles per hour) - Gestation period approximately 12 months - Coastal form found in groups of 2-15 individuals - Calving season usually occurs in warmer months - Groups types include: female bands/nursery, subadult, and male pairs Diet: - Fish Threats / Conservation: Conservation/ Threats: - Benthic invertebrates - Not endangered - Pelagic fish and squids - Protected under the Marine Mammal Protection Act in - Feeding strategies include “fish whacking”, “kerplunking”, United States “crater” feeding, and herding - Bycatch from gillnets, seines, trawls and fishing gear - In 2013-14 experienced a Morbillivirus