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The Mediterranean A PICTORIAL TOUR , IN THE MEDITERRANEAN: INCLUDING MALTA-OALMATIA-TURKEY-ASIA MINOR-CRECIAN ARCHIPELACO-ECYPT-NUBIA- CREECE-IONIAN ISLANDS-SICILY-ITALV-AND SPAIN. BY 10lElrBER OP THE ATHENUN .A.RCH.a::.OLOGIC.lL SOCIETY, AND OF THE EGYPTI..1.N SOCIETY OF CAIRO. LONDON: \)\ _~i LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN)' AND LONGMANS. UtuUiU 1843. ,0, ~> ,'/ HI;."- A PICTORIAL TOUR IN THE l[EDITERRANEAN. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Liyerpool-Bay of Biscay-Gibrallar-Malta-Gozo-Rabbato-Comino-Citta Vecchia-Adrlatic Sea-Dalmatian Islands -Pola-a Borea-Trieste-Grotto of Adelsbnrg-Quicksilver Mines of Idria I CHAPTER n. Venice-Trieste-Da\matia-Ragnsa-Bocca di Cattaro-Pirasto-Scoglio della Madonna dello SCalpello-Cattaro-the Bishop of Montenegrini-Sardine Fishery-Castel Novo-Hermit of Cape St Angelo-Grecian Archipelago-Dardsnelles­ Old Castles of Enrope and Asia-Constantinople-Terapia-Review at Scutari-Brousa-Mount Olympus-Dancing and Howl­ ing Dervishes . [Enawm.-P. 18. f.:rr ichthyological, read entomoTogfm) 11 CHAPTER HI. Smyrna-Fig Packing-the Castle-Fokia-Tnrcoman Caves-Vineyards-lIrount lIrimas-Theatre at Erytbrre-Scio­ Homer's Stool-Teos-Lebedus-Port of Ephesus-River Caystrus-Temple of Juno, Samos-Temple of Apollo Didymreus, Branchide-Great Plane-tree of Cos-Das-reliefs and Inscriptions-Fountain of Hippocrates-13oodroom (ancient Ha1icar~ nassus)-Temple of Mars-Tombs-Theatre-Tomb of Mausolus-Cnidus, its ancient Ports, Temples, and Theatres-Rhodes -the Colossus-the Strada dei Cavalieri-Bay and Town of Marmorice-Gnif of Macry-Teimessns, its Theatre, Excavated and Monolithic Tombs-Monte Madonna, Rhodes-Kati Kalessi-Lero-Doric Rnius-Arrival atSyro in a heavy Gale • Zl CHAPTER IV. Alexandria-Pompey's Pillar-meopatra's Needle-the Feast of Buyram-Mabmoudieh Canal-Fouah-Boulac-Cairo­ the Mad-honse-the Citadel and Pasha's Pa1ace-Joseph's Well-the False Pyramid-Beni-souef-a Gale from the Desert -Mutiny of the Crew-Minyeh-the Rnined Mosque-Mebemet Ali's Nile Steamers-the Bohr Yussouf-Manfalout-Nile FiBh-Gan el Kebir-Sonhadj-Kenneh-Thebes-the Obelisk and PtopyJon of Luqsor-the HypostyJe Hall, Karnak-a Fight with Gornon Guides-lioum Ombos-Assouan-Ascent of the first Cataracts-Nubia-Temples of Teffa and Kalabsheh -enter the Tropics-Castle of Ibrim-Ebsamboul-Farass 49 CHAPTERV. Second Cataracts of the Nile, at Wady Halfa-Rock of Abouseer-Farass-Ferayg-the Excavated Temples of Ebsamboul and Derr-Amada-Wady Seboua-Onffeedoonee-Dekkeh-Gaerfey Hassan-Dandonr-Kardaseh-Deboudy-Islands of Philoe and EIephantina-Koum Ombos-Hadjar Silsilis-Edfou-Grottoes of El Cab-Esneh-Herment-Thebes-Mummy Pits-the Biban el Molook-Denderah-a Crocodile HunI-Ekhmim-Sioul-lIfahabdie-Antinoe-Al Rairamoun-Beni Hassan-Memphis-Pyramids of Sakkarah-Bird Mummy-pits-Quarries of lIraasara-Pyramids of Ghizeb-the Sphinx­ Sa-el-Hadjar-Alexandria 62 CHAPTER VI. The "Great Liverpool "-Quarantine at Malta-Syra-Athens-~Iount PenteIicus-Eleusis-lEgina-Epidaurus-the Theatre of Yero-Nauplia-Tiryns-:Mycenre-the Gate of Lions-Nemea-Corinth-Scala de Salona-Crissa-Delphi-the Castalian Spring-Ga\ixidi-a. Night Adventure-Clima-Lepanto-the Dardanelles of Lepanto-Patras-Missilonghi • 74 CHAPTER VII. Corfu-the Pass of Garonni-" Ulysses' Sail "-Vido-Parga-St. l\faura-Amaxichi-the Fountain of the Pasha-Ithaca -PoliB-Cephalonia-Samos-St. Enphemia-Argostoli-HiBtorical Account of the Ionian Heptarchy-Zante-Malta . 81 CHAPTER VIII. Messma-Theatre at Taormina-Aci Rea1i-Catania-Nicolosi-:Monte Rosso-the 1fomisterio dei Benedittini-Syracuse -the Greek Theatre and River Anapas-lfalta-Temples of Juno Lucina and Concord, at Girgenti-Selinuntium-Marsala tile Anstrian Consnl's Entertamment-Trapani-Mount Eryx-Calatafimi-Segesta-Alcamo-Palermo-the Capuchin Convent Garden of the Duca di Sera di FaIco-Naples-Mount Vesnvius-Herculaneum-Pompeii-Temples of Prestum-Rome­ Genoa-Admiral Hugon's Fleet at Toulon-lIfarseilles-Barcelona-Valencia-Accident to the Steamer-Alicante-Smelting Works for Silver and Lead Ore-Carthagena-the ATsenal-Malaga-Last View of the Mediterranean from Enropa Point, Gibraltar-Cadiz-Seville-Lisbon-Vigo 85 • Illu';;'inated T,'tle-page, with V'gnettes of Karnak, lYaples, Vem'ce, Oairo, At/tens, Belem Oastle, and Oonstantinople. Theatre of Erytbrre 30 Debondy. • 66 Great Plane-tree of Cos 36 Islaud of PhiIoe • , 66 Rhodes • 40 Sereer.Pharaon (Pharaoh. Bed) 66 Sea-girt Tomb, Telmessus 44 "Koum Ombo. 68 Group of Tombs, JJ 44 Edfon 68 Pompey'sPillar • 48 Esneh • 68 Propylon and Obelisk, Luqsor 56 Herment. 68 Hypostyle Hall, Karnak 56 Denderah 70 Teffa 60 Pyramids, from Maasar. 72 Kalabsheh • 60 Pyramids of Ghizeh 72 Exterior of Northern Temple, Ebsamboul 64 Sphinx • 72 Interior " " " 64 lEgina,-Greece . 76 Exterior of Southern 64 Corinth • 76 Interior " " " " " 64 Taormina,-Sicily 86 Wady Sebon•. 66 Catani. • 86 Ouffeedoonee 66 Theatre of Syracuse 86 Dekkeh • 66 Papyrus,-River Anapas 86 Guerfey Hassan 66 Temples of Girgenti 86 Dandour . 66 Segesta 88 Kardaseh 66 Palermo 88 ~oob Iingrabings. Oval and Hieroglyphic of Cleopatxa • Title"l'age. Nile Fish 55" "Oriental," Bay of Biscay 1 KoumOmbos 58 Grand Harbour, :Malta 3 First Cataracts 59 "Iris," off Tarento 6 Tetra • Pola • 60 7 Ebsamboul 61 "Iris," in a Bores . 7 Second Cataracts 62 Dock-yard Creek, Malta 10 Derr Castel Nova . 64 11 Amada Entrance to Dardanelles 65 18 Quarries at Kardaseh Encampment on :Mount Olympus 66 23 Nile Cand'gia Dancing Dervishes 67 25 Hadjar Silsilis • Native Doats, Smyma 68 27 Antinoe Fokia . 71 29 Memphis Temple of J uno, Samos 73 34 " Great Liverpool" Temple of Apollo Didymreus, Branchid", 74 .35 N auplia,-Greece Bas.relief, Cos • 76 36 Missilonghi • 80 Fountain of Hippocrates, Cos 37 Ionian Arms . Boodroom (ancient Halicarnassus) 81 38 Storm, Quarantine Harbour, ·Malta Done Column, with Inscription 84 38 Mount Etna and Catani. Temple of Mars, HalIcamassus 85 38 Taormina Votive Altar 86 39 Selinuntium Bas-relief " 87 39 Marsala Marmorice . " 88 42 Trapaui • Theatre, Telmessus 89 44 Mount Vesuvius • Group of Tombs, ditto 90 44 Temples of P",stnm Excavated Temple Tomb, ditto 90 45 Window Tomb, ditto • Amphitheatre, Pompeii 91 46 :Barcelona Monte Madonna, Rhodes 92 46 Lero . Valencia 92 47 Allcante • cc America," ofi'Syra 93 48 Alexandria • Carth.gena • 94 49 Malaga Fouah 94 50 Gibraltar False Pyramid 95 Minyeh 52 Vigo 54 96 TO IS INSCRIBED" IN GRATEFUL AND RESl'ECTFU.L RElIlElIl:BRANCE OF HIS AFFA:BILITY AND KINDNESS TO THE AUTHOR. THE ORIENTAL. CHAPTER 1. LIVERPOOL-BA.Y OF BISCAY-GIBRA.LTAR-MALTA-GOZO-ADRIATIC SEA-POLA-TRIESTE-GROTTO OF ADELSBURG-QUICKS[LVER MINES OF IDRIA. EMBARKING on the 29th of April, 1841, in the Oriental, a~~iverpool, we steamed briskly down the Mersey, and rapidly losing sight of the port with its thickly clnstered shippi;'g, were in two honrs tossing ahout on the open sea of St. George's Chanuel. Early on the morning of the 1st of May, we anchored in Falmouth roads, where the Indian mails were embarked; and where the greater part of the passengers joined ns. The ship had scarcely got out to sea, when she was assailed with a violent adverse wind,-in nantical parlauce " dead on end;" we were therefore not able to show a stitch of canvas, and as the gale was accompanied by a snccession of heavy squalls, she made b~t poor head-way,-barely four knots. The 4th of the month found us in the Bay of Biscay, so terrible to the imagination of amateur singers and readers of Dibdin, for its long Atlantic swell, and tbe heavy weather generally experienced in crossing it. Nor were we destined to form an exception, as the gale redoubled in fury, obliging us to have every thing made snug, topmasts struck, yards upon deck, and the least possible resistance presented to the wind. Notwithstanding the size of our vessel she often shipped seas; and so heavy was the pitching, that the machinery frequently appeared quite deadened. The next day we were reckoned to be off Cape Finisterre, but at too great a distance to discover any sign of land. On the 7th; the weather moderating and the wind coming from the westward, we pro­ ceeded more rapidly, and at noon passed close to the Rock of Lisbon, at the entrance of the Tagus. We now felt we had entered a warmer clime, and the passengers, many of whose faces we had not till now seen, quitted their berths with one accord, to enjoy the delicious change of temperature. As the sun's heat is here moderated by the pure Atlantic breeze, it was fonnd quite a luxury to keep the deck. \Ve had all sail set, and the porpoises were seen gambolling round the paddles, trying their speed with ours. In the evening we ronnded Cape St. Vincent. B GIllRALTAR-1IALTA. 2 . t I d'd day' one in which 1 felt as if entering a. new existence,-the whole l\fay 8th.-Thls was a mos sp en I , .' h body flexible, with the spirits thoroughly elastic, and fresh to enjoy the now Chan!lllg sce~e. Enterl~g t e Straits of Gibraltar we rapidly rounded Tariffa, and approaching nearer to the Afrtcan contment, obtam~d a · f the entrance to the Mediterranean, flanked by the promontories called by the anCients campI e te VIew 0 ". ' Calpe and Abyla,-being the modern Gibraltar, and the Spanish fortress of Ceuta on the Afl'lcan Side. " Hercules, thy pillars stand Sentinels of sea and lanu." We anchored under the English batteries, but as the gates were closed, were unable to land. \Ve had, however, plenty: of amusement in observing the noisy Spanish boatmen who came off with fresh provisions; they were the most vociferous set I had ever seen, and continued to swarm the gangway till literally knocked down by some of our sailors.
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