Deep Sea Coral Collection Protocols4.Pmd
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Information Review for Protected Deep-Sea Coral Species in the New Zealand Region
INFORMATION REVIEW FOR PROTECTED DEEP-SEA CORAL SPECIES IN THE NEW ZEALAND REGION NIWA Client Report: WLG2006-85 November 2006 NIWA Project: DOC06307 INFORMATION REVIEW FOR PROTECTED DEEP-SEA CORAL SPECIES IN THE NEW ZEALAND REGION Authors Mireille Consalvey Kevin MacKay Di Tracey Prepared for Department of Conservation NIWA Client Report: WLG2006-85 November 2006 NIWA Project: DOC06307 National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd 301 Evans Bay Parade, Greta Point, Wellington Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand Phone +64-4-386 0300, Fax +64-4-386 0574 www.niwa.co.nz © All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced or copied in any form without the permission of the client. Such permission is to be given only in accordance with the terms of the client's contract with NIWA. This copyright extends to all forms of copying and any storage of material in any kind of information retrieval system. Contents Executive Summary iv 1. Introduction 1 2. Corals 1 3. Habitat 3 4. Corals as a habitat 3 5. Major taxonomic groups of deep-sea corals in New Zealand 5 6. Distribution of deep-sea corals in the New Zealand region 9 7. Systematics of deep-sea corals in New Zealand 18 8. Reproduction and recruitment of deep-sea corals 20 9. Growth rates and deep-sea coral ageing 22 10. Fishing effects on deep-sea corals 24 11. Other threats to deep-sea corals 29 12. Ongoing research into deep-sea corals in New Zealand 29 13. Future science and challenges to deep-sea coral research in New Zealand 30 14. -
Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices
JOINTS NATURE \=^ CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Checklist of fish and mvertebrates Usted in the CITES appendices JNCC REPORT (SSN0963-«OStl JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Report distribution Report Number: No. 238 Contract Number/JNCC project number: F7 1-12-332 Date received: 9 June 1995 Report tide: Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in the CITES appendices Contract tide: Revised Checklists of CITES species database Contractor: World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL Comments: A further fish and invertebrate edition in the Checklist series begun by NCC in 1979, revised and brought up to date with current CITES listings Restrictions: Distribution: JNCC report collection 2 copies Nature Conservancy Council for England, HQ, Library 1 copy Scottish Natural Heritage, HQ, Library 1 copy Countryside Council for Wales, HQ, Library 1 copy A T Smail, Copyright Libraries Agent, 100 Euston Road, London, NWl 2HQ 5 copies British Library, Legal Deposit Office, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ 1 copy Chadwick-Healey Ltd, Cambridge Place, Cambridge, CB2 INR 1 copy BIOSIS UK, Garforth House, 54 Michlegate, York, YOl ILF 1 copy CITES Management and Scientific Authorities of EC Member States total 30 copies CITES Authorities, UK Dependencies total 13 copies CITES Secretariat 5 copies CITES Animals Committee chairman 1 copy European Commission DG Xl/D/2 1 copy World Conservation Monitoring Centre 20 copies TRAFFIC International 5 copies Animal Quarantine Station, Heathrow 1 copy Department of the Environment (GWD) 5 copies Foreign & Commonwealth Office (ESED) 1 copy HM Customs & Excise 3 copies M Bradley Taylor (ACPO) 1 copy ^\(\\ Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report No. -
Habitat-Forming Deep-Sea Corals in the Northeast Pacific Ocean
Habitat-forming deep-sea corals in the Northeast Pacific Ocean Peter Etnoyer1, Lance E. Morgan2 1 Aquanautix Consulting, 3777 Griffith View Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA ([email protected]) 2 Marine Conservation Biology Institute, 4878 Warm Springs Rd., Glen Ellen, CA 95442, USA Abstract. We define habitat-forming deep-sea corals as those families of octocorals, hexacorals, and stylasterids with species that live deeper than 200 m, with a majority of species exhibiting complex branching morphology and a sufficient size to provide substrata or refugia to associated species. We present 2,649 records (name, geoposition, depth, and data quality) from eleven institutions on eight habitat- forming deep-sea coral families, including octocorals in the families Coralliidae, Isididae, Paragorgiidae and Primnoidae, hexacorals in the families Antipathidae, Oculinidae and Caryophylliidae, and stylasterids in the family Stylasteridae. The data are ranked according to record quality. We compare family range and distribution as predicted by historical records to the family extent as informed by recent collections aboard the National Oceanic of Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of Ocean Exploration 2002 Gulf of Alaska Seamount Expedition (GOASEX). We present a map of one of these families, the Primnoidae. We find that these habitat-forming families are widespread throughout the Northeast Pacific, save Caryophylliidae (Lophelia sp.) and Oculinidae (Madrepora sp.), which are limited in occurrence. Most coral records fall on the continental shelves, in Alaska, or Hawaii, likely reflecting research effort. The vertical range of these families, based on large samples (N >200), is impressive. Four families have maximum-recorded depths deeper than 1500 m, and minimum depths shallower than 40 m. -
Influence of Frederick (Ted) M. Bayer on Deep-Water Octocoral Research
Vol. 397: 7–10, 2009 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published December 17 doi: 10.3354/meps08066 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Contribution to the Theme Section ‘Conservation and management of deep-sea corals and coral reefs’ OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Influence of Frederick (Ted) M. Bayer on deep-water octocoral research Stephen D. Cairns* Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20560, USA ABSTRACT: The impact of Ted Bayer’s research on octocorals was extraordinary and his studies will long be used by any student of the group Octocorallia. He leaves behind a legacy of 107 published papers on octocorals, in which he newly described 4 families, 1 subfamily, 48 genera, 2 subgenera, 186 species, and 10 subspecies. An annotated list of his new taxa and all of his manuscripts (including 9 unpublished) are given in an electronic supplement. Although he published on most octocoral families, his favorite groups were the deep-water calcaxonian families from the western Atlantic, central Pacific, and Antarctic; he was also an expert on the precious coral family Coralliidae. He facilitated the study of the subclass by publishing classifications of the higher taxa, an illustrated trilingual glossary of morpho- logical terms, a key to all genera (exclusive of the Pennatulacea), and an annotated bibliography of the literature of the group. He was the first to use scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of sclerites to describe species, and perfected that technique in the use of SEM stereo pairs. He also made a sig- nificant contribution to advances in the knowledge of octocoral axial microstructure, proving that all gorgoniids have a diagnostic type of axial mineralogy. -
The Earliest Diverging Extant Scleractinian Corals Recovered by Mitochondrial Genomes Isabela G
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The earliest diverging extant scleractinian corals recovered by mitochondrial genomes Isabela G. L. Seiblitz1,2*, Kátia C. C. Capel2, Jarosław Stolarski3, Zheng Bin Randolph Quek4, Danwei Huang4,5 & Marcelo V. Kitahara1,2 Evolutionary reconstructions of scleractinian corals have a discrepant proportion of zooxanthellate reef-building species in relation to their azooxanthellate deep-sea counterparts. In particular, the earliest diverging “Basal” lineage remains poorly studied compared to “Robust” and “Complex” corals. The lack of data from corals other than reef-building species impairs a broader understanding of scleractinian evolution. Here, based on complete mitogenomes, the early onset of azooxanthellate corals is explored focusing on one of the most morphologically distinct families, Micrabaciidae. Sequenced on both Illumina and Sanger platforms, mitogenomes of four micrabaciids range from 19,048 to 19,542 bp and have gene content and order similar to the majority of scleractinians. Phylogenies containing all mitochondrial genes confrm the monophyly of Micrabaciidae as a sister group to the rest of Scleractinia. This topology not only corroborates the hypothesis of a solitary and azooxanthellate ancestor for the order, but also agrees with the unique skeletal microstructure previously found in the family. Moreover, the early-diverging position of micrabaciids followed by gardineriids reinforces the previously observed macromorphological similarities between micrabaciids and Corallimorpharia as -
A Unique Skeletal Microstructure of the Deepsea Micrabaciid Scleractinian
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY 272:191–203 (2011) A Unique Skeletal Microstructure of the Deep-Sea Micrabaciid Scleractinian Corals Katarzyna Janiszewska,1 Jarosław Stolarski,1* Karim Benzerara,2 Anders Meibom,3 Maciej Mazur,4 Marcelo V. Kitahara,5 and Stephen D. Cairns6 1Institute of Paleobiology, Twarda, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland 2Institut de Mine´ralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condense´s, UMR 7590, CNRS and IPGP Universite´s Paris 6 and 7. 140, rue de Lourmel, Paris 75015, France 3Muse´um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire de Mine´ralogie et Cosmochimie du Muse´um (LMCM), UMR 7202, Case Postale 52, 61, rue Buffon, Paris 75005, France 4Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Electrochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-093, Poland 5ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reefs Studies and Coral Genomics Group, James Cook University (JCU), Townsville, Queensland, Australia 6Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, Washington, D.C. 20560 ABSTRACT Micrabaciids are solitary, exclusively azoox- Roniewicz, 2001), although Chevalier and Beauvais anthellate deep-sea corals belonging to one of the deepest- (1987: 695) suggested their association with Den- living (up to 5,000 m) scleractinian representatives. All drophylliina, based on the ‘‘Pourtale`s’’ pattern of modern micrabaciid taxa (genera: Letepsammia, Rhombop- septal arrangement and occurrence of the synaptic- sammia, Stephanophyllia, Leptopenus) have a porous and ular wall. Modern micrabaciids are attributed to often very fragile skeleton consisting of two main micro- structural components known also from other scleracti- four genera Stephanophyllia (Michelin, 1841), nians: rapid accretion deposits and thickening deposits. Leptopenus (Moseley, 1881), Letepsammia (Yabe However, at the microstructural level, the skeletal organi- and Eguchi, 1932), and Rhombopsammia (Owens, zation of the micrabaciids is distinctly different from that 1986), and the only fossil genus is Micrabacia of other scleractinians. -
CNIDARIA Corals, Medusae, Hydroids, Myxozoans
FOUR Phylum CNIDARIA corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans STEPHEN D. CAIRNS, LISA-ANN GERSHWIN, FRED J. BROOK, PHILIP PUGH, ELLIOT W. Dawson, OscaR OcaÑA V., WILLEM VERvooRT, GARY WILLIAMS, JEANETTE E. Watson, DENNIS M. OPREsko, PETER SCHUCHERT, P. MICHAEL HINE, DENNIS P. GORDON, HAMISH J. CAMPBELL, ANTHONY J. WRIGHT, JUAN A. SÁNCHEZ, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN his ancient phylum of mostly marine organisms is best known for its contribution to geomorphological features, forming thousands of square Tkilometres of coral reefs in warm tropical waters. Their fossil remains contribute to some limestones. Cnidarians are also significant components of the plankton, where large medusae – popularly called jellyfish – and colonial forms like Portuguese man-of-war and stringy siphonophores prey on other organisms including small fish. Some of these species are justly feared by humans for their stings, which in some cases can be fatal. Certainly, most New Zealanders will have encountered cnidarians when rambling along beaches and fossicking in rock pools where sea anemones and diminutive bushy hydroids abound. In New Zealand’s fiords and in deeper water on seamounts, black corals and branching gorgonians can form veritable trees five metres high or more. In contrast, inland inhabitants of continental landmasses who have never, or rarely, seen an ocean or visited a seashore can hardly be impressed with the Cnidaria as a phylum – freshwater cnidarians are relatively few, restricted to tiny hydras, the branching hydroid Cordylophora, and rare medusae. Worldwide, there are about 10,000 described species, with perhaps half as many again undescribed. All cnidarians have nettle cells known as nematocysts (or cnidae – from the Greek, knide, a nettle), extraordinarily complex structures that are effectively invaginated coiled tubes within a cell. -
The State of Knowledge of Deep-Sea Corals in the New Zealand Region Di Tracey1 and Freya Hjorvarsdottir2 (Eds, Comps) © 2019
The state of knowledge of deep-sea corals in the New Zealand region Di Tracey1 and Freya Hjorvarsdottir2 (eds, comps) © 2019. All rights reserved. The copyright for this report, and for the data, maps, figures and other information (hereafter collectively referred to as “data”) contained in it, is held by NIWA is held by NIWA unless otherwise stated. This copyright extends to all forms of copying and any storage of material in any kind of information retrieval system. While NIWA uses all reasonable endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the data, NIWA does not guarantee or make any representation or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy or completeness of the data, the use to which the data may be put or the results to be obtained from the use of the data. Accordingly, NIWA expressly disclaims all legal liability whatsoever arising from, or connected to, the use of, reference to, reliance on or possession of the data or the existence of errors therein. NIWA recommends that users exercise their own skill and care with respect to their use of the data and that they obtain independent professional advice relevant to their particular circumstances. NIWA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SERIES NUMBER 84 ISSN 1173-0382 Citation for full report: Tracey, D.M. & Hjorvarsdottir, F. (eds, comps) (2019). The State of Knowledge of Deep-Sea Corals in the New Zealand Region. NIWA Science and Technology Series Number 84. 140 p. Recommended citation for individual chapters (e.g., for Chapter 9.: Freeman, D., & Cryer, M. (2019). Current Management Measures and Threats, Chapter 9 In: Tracey, D.M. -
The Nautilus
THE NAUTILUS Volume 120, Numberl May 30, 2006 ISSN 0028-1344 A quarterly devoted to malacology. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Dr. Douglas S. Jones Dr. Angel Valdes Florida Museum of Natural History Department of Malacology Dr. Jose H. Leal University of Florida Natural Histoiy Museum The Bailey-Matthews Shell Museum Gainesville, FL 32611-2035 of Los Angeles County 3075 Sanibel-Captiva Road 900 Exposition Boulevard Sanibel, FL 33957 Dr. Harry G. Lee Los Angeles, CA 90007 MANAGING EDITOR 1801 Barrs Street, Suite 500 Dr. Geerat Vermeij Jacksonville, FL 32204 J. Linda Kramer Department of Geology Shell Museum The Bailey-Matthews Dr. Charles Lydeard University of California at Davis 3075 Sanibel-Captiva Road Biodiversity and Systematics Davis, CA 95616 Sanibel, FL 33957 Department of Biological Sciences Dr. G. Thomas Watters University of Alabama EDITOR EMERITUS Aquatic Ecology Laboratory Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Dr. M. G. Harasewych 1314 Kinnear Road Department of Invertebrate Zoology Bruce A. Marshall Columbus, OH 43212-1194 National Museum of Museum of New Zealand Dr. John B. Wise Natural History Te Papa Tongarewa Department oi Biology Smithsonian Institution P.O. Box 467 College of Charleston Washington, DC 20560 Wellington, NEW ZEALAND Charleston, SC 29424 CONSULTING EDITORS Dr. James H. McLean SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION Dr. Riidiger Bieler Department of Malacology Department of Invertebrates Natural History Museum The subscription rate per volume is Field Museum of of Los Angeles County US $43.00 for individuals, US $72.00 Natural History 900 Exposition Boulevard for institutions. Postage outside the Chicago, IL 60605 Los Angeles, CA 90007 United States is an additional US $5.00 for surface and US $15.00 for Dr. -
Deep-Sea Coral Taxa in the Alaska Region: Depth and Geographical Distribution (V
Deep-Sea Coral Taxa in the Alaska Region: Depth and Geographical Distribution (v. 2020) Robert P. Stone1 and Stephen D. Cairns2 1. NOAA Auke Bay Laboratories, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Juneau, AK 2. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC This annex to the Alaska regional chapter in “The State of Deep-Sea Coral Ecosystems of the United States” lists deep-sea coral species in the Phylum Cnidaria, Classes Anthozoa and Hydrozoa, known to occur in the U.S. Alaska region (Figure 1). Deep-sea corals are defined as azooxanthellate, heterotrophic coral species occurring in waters 50 meters deep or more. Details are provided on the vertical and geographic extent of each species (Table 1). This list is an update of the peer-reviewed 2017 list (Stone and Cairns 2017) and includes taxa recognized through 2020. Records are drawn from the published literature (including species descriptions) and from specimen collections that have been definitively identified by experts through examination of microscopic characters. Video records collected by the senior author have also been used if considered highly reliable; that is, in situ identifications were made based on an expertly identified voucher specimen collected nearby. Taxonomic names are generally those currently accepted in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and are arranged by order, and alphabetically within order by suborder (if applicable), family, genus, and species. Data sources (references) listed are those principally used to establish geographic and depth distribution, and are numbered accordingly. In summary, we have confirmed the presence of 142 unique coral taxa in Alaskan waters, including three species of alcyonaceans described since our 2017 list. -
PART F, REVISED, VOLUME 2, CHAPTER 11: SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS of the SCLERACTINIA FAMILY MICRABACIIDAE Rosemarie C
Micrabaciidae 1 PART F, REVISED, VOLUME 2, CHAPTER 11: SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SCLERACTINIA FAMILY MICRABACIIDAE ROSEMARIE C. BARON-SZABO1,2 and STEPHEN D. CAIRNS1 [1Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA, [email protected] and [email protected]; 2Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, [email protected]] INTRODUCTION tion and was even called pseudo-bifurcate by JANISZEWSKA, JAROSZEWICZ, and STOLARSKI The Micrabaciidae is one of the smallest (2013). The unique microstructural skeletal and least diverse scleractinian families, composition was first described by JANISZEW- consisting of the five genera: Micrabacia SKA and others (2011) and later elaborated MILNE EDWArdS & HAIME (20 fossil species), by JANISZEWSKA and others (2015). The MOSELEY (four extant species), Leptopenus molecular monophyly, based exclusively on YABE & EGUCHI (four extant Letepsammia the mitochondrial gene CO1, was discussed species), Rhombopsammia OWENS (two extant by KITAHARA and others (2010), and based species), and MICHELIN Stephanophyllia on four genes, both mitochondrial and (three extant and ten fossil species). Thus, nuclear, by STOLARSKI and others (2011). nearly 40 valid species pertain to this family According to KITAHARA and others (2010) (CAIRNS, 1989, p. 13–24; BARON-SZABO, and STOLARSKI and others (2011), the Micra- 2002, p. 130–131; 2008, p. 147–153), most baciidae, along with the Gardineriidae, form of which (30) are known exclusively as fossils. a deeply diverging basal clade, equivalent to Only the two genera, MOSELEY, Leptopenus the robust and complex clades that encom- 1881 and OWENS, 1986 are Rhombopsammia pass all other Scleractinia. as yet known exclusively from the Holocene. This chapter gives an overview of the The monophyly of the family is supported taxonomy, stratigraphy, and geography of by macromorphological, microstructural, the genera currently included in the family and molecular evidence. -
A Revision of the Ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and Adjacent Waters, Part 1
* A Revision of the Ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and Adjacent Waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae STEPHEN D. CAIRNS I SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 486 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.