DOCSLIB.ORG

CBD Fourth National Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CBD Fourth National Report MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT Secretariat of Biodiversity and Forests Office of the National Program for Biodiversity Conservation FOURTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY BRAZIL COP-10 Special Edition October 2010 FOURTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: BRAZIL Coordinator Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias Technical Coordination and Final Text Agnes de Lemos Velloso Technical Team Andreina D‟Ayala Valva, Rosana Rezende, Juliana Ferreira Leite, Anthony Gross, Núbia Cristina Bezerra da Silva, Simone Wolff, Verônica Brasil (trainee). ISBN __________ Brazil, Ministry of the Environment. Office of the National Program for Biodiversity Conservation - DCBio. Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Brazil. Brasília: Ministry of the Environment, 2010. 1. Biodiversity – Brazil. 2. Convention on Biological Diversity – Brazil. Ministério do Meio Ambiente – MMA Esplanada dos Ministérios – Bloco B Brasília, DF CEP: 70068-900 Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas Diretoria do Programa Nacional de Conservação da Biodiversidade SEPN 505 – Bloco B – Ed. Marie Prendi Cruz Asa Norte Brasília, DF CEP 70730-542 ii PREFACE By adopting the Strategic Plan of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Parties committed to achieve, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national levels. Brazil‟s Fourth National Report to the CBD presents the country‟s progress in the achievement of this global target and the current status of the Brazilian ecosystems and biodiversity. Through a participatory process, Brazil established in 2006 (CONABIO Resolution no 03) its National Biodiversity Targets for 2010, based on the CBD 2010 Targets and in response to its Decision VIII/15. The set of 51 national targets is even more ambitious than the global targets, which are completely addressed by the national targets. Since 2006, numerous public policies and new projects and programs were developed, seeking the achievement of the three objectives of the CBD (biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, and benefit sharing) and addressing its numerous specific themes, such as the conservation of species and ecosystems, the sustainable use of biodiversity, mainstreaming biodiversity themes into different sectors, traditional knowledge, agrobiodiversity, genetic resources, forests, marine ecosystems, among many others. In addition to these instruments, Brazil adjusted its institutional structure, creating a new institution – the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) – to provide a specific focus on conservation to the federal environmental management. ICMBio was given the responsibility for creating and managing protected areas, and defining and implementing strategies for biodiversity conservation, particularly regarding threatened species, protecting the Brazilian natural heritage and promoting the sustainable use of biodiversity in protected areas of sustainable use. Other structures were also created to improve environmental and natural resources management, such as the Brazilian Forest Service, to conciliate the use and conservation of Brazilian public forests, and the National Center for Flora Conservation (CNCFlora), at the Research Institute of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, to periodically update the list of threatened plant species and develop action plans for the conservation of threatened species, among other responsibilities. In 2010, CNCFlora published the Catalogue of Brazilian Flora, updating for the first time in one hundred years the original work of cataloguing the Brazilian flora (Flora Brasiliensis) initiated by naturalist von Martius in 1840 and concluded in 1906. The third Global Biodiversity Outlook published in 2010 by the CBD Secretariat concluded that the objective of reducing the rate of biodiversity loss was not reached at the global level and indicated that none of the 21 global targets was completely achieved, obtaining at most 50% fulfillment of the objectives for some targets. In Brazil, although the progress obtained in the achievement of national biodiversity targets was not homogeneous, two of the 51 targets were fully achieved: the publication of lists and catalogues of Brazilian species (target 1.1) and the reduction by 25% of the number of fire occurrences in each biome (target 4.2), surpassing the achievement of the latter by at least 100% in all biomes, despite the renewed intensification in the occurrence of forest fires in this extremely dry year of 2010. Additionally, four other targets reached 75% achievement: the conservation of at least 30% of the Amazon biome and 10% of the other biomes (target 2.1); increase in iii the investments in studies and research on the sustainable use of biodiversity (target 3.11); increase in the number of patents generated from biodiversity components (target 3.12); and reduction by 75% in the Amazon deforestation rate (target 4.1). Although it is still necessary to develop a more encompassing monitoring system capable of providing a more accurate measure of the progress and that allows quantitative analyses of the achievement of all national targets, information currently available indicate that, while notable progress was obtained for several targets, for various other targets the progress was merely modest. The direct protection of habitats is among the most significant achievements, due to the marked effort to increase the number and extension of protected areas in the country. Under this theme, according to the third Global Biodiversity Outlook, Brazil is responsible for the protection of almost 75% of all hectares conserved in protected areas established around the world since 2003. Another significant national progress is related to biome monitoring: increasing the scope of the excellent work developed since 1988 in the Amazon and since 1985 in the Atlantic Forest, in 2002 Brazil started to monitor vegetation cover in all biomes, which will allow the continuous enhancement of strategies to combat illegal deforestation. Important progress was also obtained for themes related to increasing knowledge on biodiversity and increasing investments in sustainable use practices involving biodiversity components. The 2010 launching, by the National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CNPq) in partnership with other research support agencies, of the National Biodiversity Research System – SISBIOTA is noteworthy among the investments in biodiversity research, with a more than R$ 50 million (approximately US$ 30 million) budget. SISBIOTA seeks to promote scientific research to increase knowledge and understanding of Brazilian biodiversity and to enhance the capacity to forecast responses to global change, particularly related to land use and land cover change as well as climate change, associating the capacity building of human resources to environmental education and the dissemination of scientific knowledge. However, it must be recognized that the country presented insufficient progress regarding other themes, particularly those related to alien invasive species, recovery of fish stocks, and benefit sharing and regulated access to genetic resources. The country needs to significantly increase its efforts related to biodiversity, particularly regarding the national target themes where modest progress was achieved in the past 10 years. We expect that, based on a COP-10 decision in Nagoya, Brazil will be able to update its national targets and increase its efforts invested in the implementation of its national and international biodiversity commitments. This report identifies the main challenges encountered by the country, including those that still remain on the path of the national implementation efforts. To overcome them, among other factors it is necessary to further advance international cooperation and increase the means of support to CBD implementation, including the transfer of financial resources and technology, and the exchange of experiences among Parties to the Convention. It is also necessary to progress in the engagement of consumers and the business sector in the national effort to achieve CBD objectives. iv The Ministry of the Environment acknowledges and expresses its gratitude to all those who contributed to the development of this document. This report gathers a remarkable amount of data on biodiversity, organized in a broad national outlook of the status of Brazilian biodiversity and ecosystems. We hope that this report becomes an important reference to guide efforts supporting biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, as well as the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits resulting from the use of Brazilian genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. Izabella Mônica Vieira Teixeira Minister of the Environment v FOREWORD Brazil‟s Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity was prepared in accordance with Article 26 of the Convention and COP decision VIII/14. The structure of the report is based on the Guidelines for the Fourth National Report published by the Convention. The proposed guidelines required the collection of a large volume of information and analyses, particularly given Brazil‟s status of mega-diverse country of continental size. Additionally, much of the information needed for the report is still dispersed and/or difficult to access, both among the various institutions and within them. Although this reflects the need for greater investment in the systematization
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Baylisascariasis
    Baylisascariasis Importance Baylisascaris procyonis, an intestinal nematode of raccoons, can cause severe neurological and ocular signs when its larvae migrate in humans, other mammals and birds. Although clinical cases seem to be rare in people, most reported cases have been Last Updated: December 2013 serious and difficult to treat. Severe disease has also been reported in other mammals and birds. Other species of Baylisascaris, particularly B. melis of European badgers and B. columnaris of skunks, can also cause neural and ocular larva migrans in animals, and are potential human pathogens. Etiology Baylisascariasis is caused by intestinal nematodes (family Ascarididae) in the genus Baylisascaris. The three most pathogenic species are Baylisascaris procyonis, B. melis and B. columnaris. The larvae of these three species can cause extensive damage in intermediate/paratenic hosts: they migrate extensively, continue to grow considerably within these hosts, and sometimes invade the CNS or the eye. Their larvae are very similar in appearance, which can make it very difficult to identify the causative agent in some clinical cases. Other species of Baylisascaris including B. transfuga, B. devos, B. schroeder and B. tasmaniensis may also cause larva migrans. In general, the latter organisms are smaller and tend to invade the muscles, intestines and mesentery; however, B. transfuga has been shown to cause ocular and neural larva migrans in some animals. Species Affected Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are usually the definitive hosts for B. procyonis. Other species known to serve as definitive hosts include dogs (which can be both definitive and intermediate hosts) and kinkajous. Coatimundis and ringtails, which are closely related to kinkajous, might also be able to harbor B.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Genetic Diversity of Freshwater Leeches in Lake Gusinoe (Eastern Siberia, Russia)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation e Scientific World Journal Volume 2014, Article ID 619127, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/619127 Research Article Genetic Diversity of Freshwater Leeches in Lake Gusinoe (Eastern Siberia, Russia) Irina A. Kaygorodova,1 Nadezhda Mandzyak,1 Ekaterina Petryaeva,1,2 and Nikolay M. Pronin3 1 Limnological Institute, 3 Ulan-Batorskaja Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia 2 Irkutsk State University, 5 Sukhe-Bator Street, Irkutsk 664003, Russia 3 Institute of General and Experimental Biology, 6 Sakhyanova Street, Ulan-Ude 670047, Russia Correspondence should be addressed to Irina A. Kaygorodova; [email protected] Received 30 July 2014; Revised 7 November 2014; Accepted 7 November 2014; Published 27 November 2014 Academic Editor: Rafael Toledo Copyright © 2014 Irina A. Kaygorodova et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The study of leeches from Lake Gusinoe and its adjacent area offered us the possibility to determine species diversity. Asa result, an updated species list of the Gusinoe Hirudinea fauna (Annelida, Clitellata) has been compiled. There are two orders and three families of leeches in the Gusinoe area: order Rhynchobdellida (families Glossiphoniidae and Piscicolidae) and order Arhynchobdellida (family Erpobdellidae). In total, 6 leech species belonging to 6 genera have been identified. Of these, 3 taxa belonging to the family Glossiphoniidae (Alboglossiphonia heteroclita f. papillosa, Hemiclepsis marginata,andHelobdella stagnalis) and representatives of 3 unidentified species (Glossiphonia sp., Piscicola sp., and Erpobdella sp.) have been recorded. The checklist gives a contemporary overview of the species composition of leeches and information on their hosts or substrates.
    [Show full text]
  • Euhirudinea: Arhynchobdellida) in Danum Valley Rainforest (Borneo, Sabah)
    @@B D9+82;7+*8 doi: 8+87788E9+82+*8 http://folia.paru.cas.cz Research Article Feeding strategies and competition between terrestrial Haemadipsa leeches (Euhirudinea: Arhynchobdellida) in Danum Valley rainforest (Borneo, Sabah) =andb !"#$3& F!!$GH!$ $G!G!!%![J- ography and taxonomy. We undertook research on two species inhabiting lowland dipterocarp forest, Haemadipsa picta K8'9' and Haemadipsa subagilis MK8'9'N!&PMN!ƽ!G G&ƽ-R=MGNG!J-[R=MN-[ GƽG!$$!RS!&!H. picta is more G!ƽ-$&!!=!J&! plant height. Haemadipsa subagilis &U!G!VG&[ G&!MNJ-H. pictaM!&![N= (ii) habitat specialisation of H. subagilis. Moreover, we provide new observations on their foraging behaviour. ectoparasites, foraging behaviour, Haemadipsidae, haematophagy, parasitism HB!->!G$- $ [ !& $ !-!!F- G!ƽ M>!!!GN &!! !GPB- $1+Z!! G ! [ $ ! ! -!HaemadipsaH81<'M brown leech species complex (former H. zeylanica sensu B9++79+8+BH%9++1NH!! latoB9+8+NP- fauna of the Oriental region has received much attention mary tropical rainforest, whereas more disturbed environ- !&KM8'9'8'*<8'*1N ments are dominated by conspicuously coloured H. picta. The tiger leech H. picta K 8'9' & G& !- coloured species, namely H. subagilis MK8'9'N gies of hematophagous leeches, have not been examined H. sumatrana MF 811*N & - G\! !& mortality and, therefore, their abundance in an ecosystem MB&8'19$!9++7N MK8'21NF&$G Many ecological aspects of the life history of haemad- simply apply this theory to ectoparasites, such as leeches, ipsid species remain unresolved, including establishing &!!!!B an average life span for each species and species habitat GG&!UM DM8'1<N G8';;N!-U$- important studies on the feeding habits of species of Hae- $ $G P- madipsa, and until now this was the only paper containing G!!G&-[ detailed data on growth after feeding and the length of time competition and niche partitioning.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae
    Nord. J. Bot. - Section of tropical taxonomy Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy laceae Susanne S. Renner Renner, S. S. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the Melastomataceae and Memecy- laceae. - Nord. J. Bot. 13: 519-540. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055X. A systematic analysis of the Melastomataceae, a pantropical family of about 4200- 4500 species in c. 166 genera, and their traditional allies, the Memecylaceae, with c. 430 species in six genera, suggests a phylogeny in which there are two major lineages in the Melastomataceae and a clearly distinct Memecylaceae. Melastomataceae have close affinities with Crypteroniaceae and Lythraceae, while Memecylaceae seem closer to Myrtaceae, all of which were considered as possible outgroups, but sister group relationships in this plexus could not be resolved. Based on an analysis of all morph- ological and anatomical characters useful for higher level grouping in the Melastoma- taceae and Memecylaceae a cladistic analysis of the evolutionary relationships of the tribes of the Melastomataceae was performed, employing part of the ingroup as outgroup. Using 7 of the 21 characters scored for all genera, the maximum parsimony program PAUP in an exhaustive search found four 8-step trees with a consistency index of 0.86. Because of the limited number of characters used and the uncertain monophyly of some of the tribes, however, all presented phylogenetic hypotheses are weak. A synapomorphy of the Memecylaceae is the presence of a dorsal terpenoid-producing connective gland, a synapomorphy of the Melastomataceae is the perfectly acrodro- mous leaf venation. Within the Melastomataceae, a basal monophyletic group consists of the Kibessioideae (Prernandra) characterized by fiber tracheids, radially and axially included phloem, and median-parietal placentation (placentas along the mid-veins of the locule walls).
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
    The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Metallyticus Reviewed (Insecta: Mantodea)
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228623877 The genus Metallyticus reviewed (Insecta: Mantodea) Article · September 2008 CITATIONS READS 11 353 1 author: Frank Wieland Pfalzmuseum für Naturkunde - POLLICHIA-… 33 PUBLICATIONS 113 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, Available from: Frank Wieland letting you access and read them immediately. Retrieved on: 24 October 2016 Species, Phylogeny and Evolution 1, 3 (30.9.2008): 147-170. The genus Metallyticus reviewed (Insecta: Mantodea) Frank Wieland Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie & Anthropologie und Zoologisches Museum der Georg-August-Universität, Abteilung für Morphologie, Systematik und Evolutionsbiologie, Berliner Str. 28, 37073 Göttingen, Germany [[email protected]] Abstract Metallyticus Westwood, 1835 (Insecta: Dictyoptera: Mantodea) is one of the most fascinating praying mantids but little is known of its biology. Several morphological traits are plesiomorphic, such as the short prothorax, characters of the wing venation and possibly also the lack of discoidal spines on the fore femora. On the other hand, Metallyticus has autapomor- phies which are unique among extant Mantodea, such as the iridescent bluish-green body coloration and the enlargement of the first posteroventral spine of the fore femora. The present publication reviews our knowledge of Metallyticus thus providing a basis for further research. Data on 115 Metallyticus specimens are gathered and interpreted. The Latin original descriptions of the five Metallyticus species known to date, as well as additional descriptions and a key to species level that were originally published by Giglio-Tos (1927) in French, are translated into English.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Review of Drilini (Elateridae: Agrypninae) in Cameroon Reveals High Morphological Diversity, Including the Discovery of Five New Genera
    Insect Systematics & Evolution 48 (2017) 441–492 brill.com/ise Taxonomic review of Drilini (Elateridae: Agrypninae) in Cameroon reveals high morphological diversity, including the discovery of five new genera Robin Kundrata* and Ladislav Bocak Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Version of Record, published online 7 April 2017; published in print 1 November 2017 Abstract The first comprehensive survey of the Cameroonian Drilini fauna is presented. High diversity was identi- fied in the zone of tropical rain forest and five genera are proposed: Flabelloselasia gen. n., Kupeselasia gen. n., Lolosia gen. n., Microselasia gen. n., and Wittmerselasia gen. n. with the subgenus Latoselasia subgen. n. The following species are described: Flabelloselasia oculata sp. n., Kupeselasia minuta sp. n., Lolosia transversalis sp. n., Microselasia barombi sp. n., M. elongata sp. n., M. gracilis sp. n., M. grandis sp. n., M. kupensis sp. n., M. lolodorfensis sp. n., M. macrocephala sp. n., M. obscura sp. n., M. pseudograndis sp. n., Wittmerselasia camerooniana sp. n., W. davidsoni sp. n., W. geiseri sp. n., W. variabilis sp. n., and W. (Latoselasia) similis sp. n. Selasia maculata Wittmer, 1989 is redescribed and transferred to Wittmerselasia gen. n. as W. maculata (Wittmer, 1989), comb. n. Taxonomically important characters are illustrated for all genera and species and an identification key for Drilini from Cameroon is provided. Keywords Elateroidea; Selasia; Africa; diversity hot-spot; distribution Introduction Drilini is a small morphologically distinct beetle lineage with the soft-bodied, fully winged males and larviform apterous females (Crowson 1972; Bocak et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Subclase Secernentea
    Orden Ascaridida T. 21. ASCARIDIDOS. Generalidades y Clasificación. Incluye parásitos con tres labios de gran tamaño. En los machos, cuando existen alas caudales, éstas se localizan Ascaridioideos y Anisakoideos. lateralmente. 1. GENERALIDADES Y CLASIFICACIÓN Los ascarídidos son nematodos con fasmidios (quimiorreceptores posteriores); pertenecen por tanto a la Clase Secernentea. Los machos presentan generalmente alas caudales o bolsas copuladoras. Los ascarídidos de interés veterinario se clasifican en base al siguiente esquema taxonómico: Orden Ascaridida Superfamilia Ascaridoidea Familia Ascarididae Género Ascaris Género Parascaris Género Toxocara Género Toxascaris Fig. 1. Extremo caudal del macho en Ascarididae. Superfamilia Anisakoidea Familia Anisakidae Género Anisakis Superfamilia Ascaridoidea Género Contracaecum Género Phocanema Por lo general son nematodos de gran tamaño. No Género Pseudoterranova presentan cápsula bucal y el esófago carece de bulbo posterior Superfamilia Heterakoidea pronunciado. En algunas especies el esófago está seguido de un Familia Heterakidae: G. Heterakis ventrículo posterior corto que puede derivarse en un apéndice Familia Ascaridiidae: G. Ascaridia 1 ventricular, mientras que otras presentan una prolongación del 2.1. GÉNERO ASCARIS intestino en sentido craneal que se conoce como ciego intestinal (Fig. 12, Familia Anisakidae). Existen dos espículas en los machos Ascaris suum y el ciclo de vida puede ser directo o indirecto. Es un parásito del cerdo con distribución cosmopolita y de 2. FAMILIA ASCARIDIDAE considerable importancia económica. Sin embargo, su prevalencia está disminuyendo debido a los cada vez más frecuentes sistemas Los labios, que como característica del Orden están bien de producción intensiva y a la instauración de tratamientos desarrollados, presentan una serie de papilas labiales externas e antihelmínticos periódicos. Durante años se ha considerado internas, así como un borde denticular en su cara interna.
    [Show full text]
  • A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) Andrew B
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska State Museum 2003 A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) Andrew B. T. Smith University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museumbulletin Part of the Entomology Commons, and the Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Smith, Andrew B. T., "A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini)" (2003). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum. 3. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museumbulletin/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) Andrew B. T. Smith Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum Volume 15 A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) by Andrew B. T. Smith UNIVERSITY. OF, ( NEBRASKA "-" STATE MUSEUM Published by the University of Nebraska State Museum Lincoln, Nebraska 2003 Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum Volume 15 Issue Date: 7 July 2003 Editor: Brett C. Ratcliffe Cover Design: Angie Fox Text design and layout: Linda J. Ratcliffe Text fonts: New Century Schoolbook and Arial Bulletins may be purchased from the Museum. Address orders to: Publications Secretary W436 Nebraska Hall University of Nebraska State Museum Lincoln, NE 68588-0514 U.S.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Check List of the Rutelinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) of Oceania
    CHECK LIST OF THE RUTELINAE (COLEOPTERA, SCARABAEIDAE) OF OCEANIA By FRIEDRICH OHAUS BERNICE P. BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS VOLUME XI, NUMBER 2 HONOLULU, HAWAII PUBLISHED BY THE MUSJ-:UM 1935 CHECK LIST OF THE RUTELINAE (COLEOPTERA, SCARABAEIDAE) OF OCEANIA By FRIEDRICH OHAUS MAINZ, GERMANY BIOLOGY The RuteIinae are plant feeders. In Parastasia the beetle (imago) visits flowers, and the grub (larva) lives in dead trunks of more or less hard wood. In Anomala the beetle is a leaf feeder, and the grub lives in the earth, feeding on the roots of living plants. In Adoretus the beetle feeds on flowers and leaves; the grub lives in the earth and feeds upon the roots of living plants. In some species of Anornala and Adoretus, both beetles and grubs are noxious to culti­ vated plants, and it has been observed that eggs or young grubs of these species have been transported in the soil-wrapping around roots or parts of roots of such plants as the banana, cassava, and sugar cane. DISTRIBUTION With the exception of two species, the Rutelinae found on the continent of Australia (including Tasmania) belong to the subtribe Anoplognathina. The first exception is Anomala (Aprosterna) antiqua Gyllenhal (australasiae Blackburn), found in northeast Queensland in cultivated places near the coast. This species is abundant from British India and southeast China in the west to New Guinea in the east, stated to be noxious here and there to cultivated plants. It was probably brought to Queensland by brown or white men, as either eggs or young grubs in soil around roots of bananas, cassava, or sugar cane.
    [Show full text]
  • Dartington Report on Beetles 2015
    Report on beetles (Coleoptera) collected from the Dartington Hall Estate, 2015 by Dr Martin Luff 1. Introduction and Methods The majority of beetle recording in 2015 was concentrated on three sites and habitats: 1. Further sampling of moss on the Deer Park wall (SX794635), as mentioned in my 2014 report. This was done on two dates in March by MLL and again in October, aided by Messrs Tony Allen and Clive Turner, both experienced coleopterists. 2. Beetles associated with the decomposing body of a dead deer. The recently (accidentally) killed deer was acquired on 12th May by Mike Newby who pegged it out under wire netting in the small wood adjacent to 'Flushing Meadow', here referred to as 'Flushing Copse' (SX802625). The body was lifted regularly and beaten over a collecting tray, initially every week, then fortnightly and then monthly until early October. In addition, two pitfall traps were installed just beside the corpse, with a small amount of preservative in each. These were emptied each time the site was visited. 3. Water beetles sampled on 28th October, together with Tony Allen and Clive Turner, from the ponds and wheel-rut puddles on Berryman's Marsh (SX799615). Other work again included the contents of the nest boxes from Dartington Hills and Berrymans Marsh at the end of October, thanks to Mike Newby and his volunteer helpers. 2. Results In all, 203 beetle species were recorded in 2015, of which 85 (41.8%) were additions to the Dartington list. This increase over the 32% new in 2014 (Luff, 2015) results partly from sampling habitats (carrion, fresh-water) not previously examined.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phylogeny of Termites
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48 (2008) 615–627 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev The phylogeny of termites (Dictyoptera: Isoptera) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers: Implications for the evolution of the worker and pseudergate castes, and foraging behaviors Frédéric Legendre a,*, Michael F. Whiting b, Christian Bordereau c, Eliana M. Cancello d, Theodore A. Evans e, Philippe Grandcolas a a Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 5202, CNRS, CP 50 (Entomologie), 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France b Department of Integrative Biology, 693 Widtsoe Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA c UMR 5548, Développement—Communication chimique, Université de Bourgogne, 6, Bd Gabriel 21000 Dijon, France d Muzeu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Nazaré 481, 04263-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil e CSIRO Entomology, Ecosystem Management: Functional Biodiversity, Canberra, Australia article info abstract Article history: A phylogenetic hypothesis of termite relationships was inferred from DNA sequence data. Seven gene Received 31 October 2007 fragments (12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, cytochrome oxidase I, cytochrome oxidase II Revised 25 March 2008 and cytochrome b) were sequenced for 40 termite exemplars, representing all termite families and 14 Accepted 9 April 2008 outgroups. Termites were found to be monophyletic with Mastotermes darwiniensis (Mastotermitidae) Available online 27 May 2008 as sister group to the remainder of the termites. In this remainder, the family Kalotermitidae was sister group to other families. The families Kalotermitidae, Hodotermitidae and Termitidae were retrieved as Keywords: monophyletic whereas the Termopsidae and Rhinotermitidae appeared paraphyletic.
    [Show full text]