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2003 A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini) Andrew B. T. Smith University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected]

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Smith, Andrew B. T., "A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini)" (2003). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum. 3. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/museumbulletin/3

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Andrew B. T. Smith Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum

Volume 15

A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini)

by

Andrew B. T. Smith

UNIVERSITY. OF, ( NEBRASKA "-" STATE MUSEUM

Published by the University of Nebraska State Museum Lincoln, Nebraska 2003 Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum

Volume 15 Issue Date: 7 July 2003

Editor: Brett C. Ratcliffe Cover Design: Angie Fox Text design and layout: Linda J. Ratcliffe Text fonts: New Century Schoolbook and Arial

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The Bulletin is a peer-reviewed journal.

11 CONTENTS

Abstract ...... 1 Introduction ...... 3 Tribe Anoplognathini ...... 4 Subtribe Platycoeliina...... 6 Taxonomic History of the genus Platycoelia ...... 6 Notes on Authors, Types, and Collections ...... 8 Phylogenetic Methods and Materials ...... 12 Phylogenetic Analysis ...... 12 Character Definition ...... 12 Adult Morphological Character Analysis ...... 13 Phylogenetic ProtocoL ...... 22 Taxonomic Methods and Materials ...... 22 Specimens ...... 22 Catalog Format ...... 24 Type Specimens ...... 24 Designation of Lectotypes and Neotypes ...... 25 Species Concept...... 26 Phylogenetic Patterns and Biogeographic Implications ...... 27 Key to the Neotropical Genera of Anoplognathini ...... 30 Subtribe Platycoeliina Burmeister, 1844 ...... 31 Genus Platycoelia Dejean, 1833 ...... 31 Key to the Species of Platycoelia ...... 34 1. Platycoelia alternans Erichson, 1847 ...... 42 2. Platycoelia inflata Ohaus, 1904 ...... 44 3. Platycoelia nervosa Kirsch, 1871...... 48 4. Platycoelia marginata Burmeister, 1844 ...... 50 5. Platycoelia meridensis new species ...... 55 6. Platycoelia selanderi Martinez and Martinez, 1994 ...... 57 7. Platycoelia prasina Erichson, 184 7 ...... 61 8. Platycoelia simplicior Ohaus, 1909 ...... 62 9. Platycoelia abdominalis Ohaus, 1904 ...... 64 10. Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 ...... 66 11. Platycoelia occidentalis Ohaus, 1904...... 69 12. Platycoelia valida Burmeister, 1844 ...... 71 13. Platycoelia mesosternalis Ohaus, 1904 ...... 74 14. Platycoelia peruviana new species ...... 76 15. Platycoelia forcipalis Ohaus, 1904 ...... 80 16. Platycoelia sandia new species ...... 84 17. Platycoelia penai Frey, 1967 ...... 86 18. Platycoelia galerana new species ...... 87 19. Platycoelia flavostriata (Latreille, 1813) ...... 91 20. Platycoelia nigrosternalis Ohaus, 1904 ...... 95 21. Platycoelia humeralis Bates, 1888 ...... 97 22. Platycoelia intermedia Ohaus, 1925 ...... 101

111 23. Platycoelia convexa new species ...... 102 24. Platycoelia interstincta new species ...... 104 25. Platycoelia variolosa Ohaus, 1904...... 105 26. Platycoelia grandicula new species ...... 106 27. Platycoelia hiporum new species ...... 111 28. Platycoelia paucarae new species ...... 112 29. Platycoelia flavoscutellata Ohaus, 1904...... 115 30. Platycoelia puncticollis Ohaus, 1904...... 116 31. Platycoelia unguicularis Ohaus, 1904...... 120 32. Platycoelia burmeisteriana Ohaus, 1917 ...... 122 33. Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow, 1899 ...... 124 34. Platycoelia traceyae new species ...... 126 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus, 1904 ...... 129 36. Platycoelia flavohumeralis new species ...... 131 37. Platycoelia steinheili Ohaus, 1904...... 132 38. Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus, 1904...... 133 39. Platycoelia butleri new species ...... 136 40. Platycoelia hirta Ohaus, 1904...... 138 41. Platycoelia altiplana new species ...... 140 42. Platycoelia confluens Ohaus, 1904 ...... 141 43. Platycoelia lutescens Blanchard, 1851...... 144 44. Platycoelia gaujoni Ohaus, 1904...... 149 45. Platycoelia pusilla new species ...... 152 46. Platycoelia bordoni Martinez, 1976 ...... 153 47. Platycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 ...... 154 48. Platycoelia furva new species ...... 157 49. Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 1844 ...... 159 50. Platycoelia rufosignata Ohaus, 1904...... 160 51. Platycoelia insolita new species ...... 163 52. Platycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister, 1844) ...... 166 53. Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) ...... 169 54. Platycoelia ignota new species ...... 171 55. Platycoelia kirschi (Ohaus, 1904) ...... 171 56. Platycoelia baessleri (Ohaus, 1904) ...... 173 57. Platycoelia aenigma new species ...... 174 58. Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus, 1925) ...... 175 59. Platycoelia alticola (Gutierrez, 1951) ...... 177 60. Platycoelia inca new species ...... 179 61. Platycoelia haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) ...... 181 62. Platycoelia laelaps (Gutierrez, 1951) ...... 184 Acknowledgments ...... 186 Literature Cited ...... 188 Appendix 1 ...... 193 Appendix 2 ...... 198 About the Author ...... 202

IV LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 1. Platycoelia valida mouthparts ...... 14 Fig. 2. Platycoelia grandicula mouthparts ...... 14 Fig. 3. Platycoelia chrysotina mouthparts ...... 14 Fig. 4. Platycoelia signaticollis mouthparts ...... 14 Fig. 5. Platycoelia abdominalis elytral apex...... 14 Fig. 6. Platycoelia valida elytral apex ...... 14 Fig. 7. Platycoelia mesosternalis mesothoracic process ...... 15 Fig. 8. Platycoelia grandicula mesothoracic process ...... 15 Fig. 9. Platycoelia chrysotina mesothoracic process ...... 15 Fig. 10. Platycoelia signaticollis mesothoracic process ...... 15 Fig. 11. Platycoelia alternans male protarsal claw...... 17 Fig. 12. Platycoelia valida male protarsal claw...... 17 Fig. 13. Platycoelia grandicula male protarsal claw...... 17 Fig. 14. Platycoelia chrysotina male protarsal claw...... 17 Fig. 15. Platycoelia alternans parameres ...... 18 Fig. 16. Platycoelia inflata parameres ...... 18 Fig. 17. Platycoelia prasina parameres ...... 18 Fig. 18. Platycoelia abdominalis parameres ...... 18 Fig. 19. Platycoelia occidentalis parameres ...... 18 Fig. 20. Platycoelia forcipalis parameres ...... 18 Fig.21. Platycoelia flavostriata parameres ...... 19 Fig. 22. Platycoelia puncticollis parameres ...... 19 Fig. 23. Platycoelia parva parameres ...... 19 Fig. 24. Platycoelia haenkei parameres ...... 19 Fig. 25. Platycoelia alternans phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 26. Platycoelia valida phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 27. Platycoelia peruviana phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 28. Platycoelia forcipalis phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 29. Platycoelia flavostriata phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 30. Platycoelia puncticollis phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig.31. Platycoelia butleri phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 32. Platycoelia parva phallobase and paramere ...... 20 Fig. 33. Platycoelia rufosignata mentum ...... 21 Fig. 34. Platycoelia abdominalis metasternum ...... 21 Fig. 35. Platycoelia parva apical spiracle ...... 21 Fig. 36. Platycoelia inflata male protibia ...... 21 Fig.37. Strict consensus tree of the species in the genus Platycoelia ...... 28 Fig. 38. Phylogram of the species in the genus Platycoelia ...... 29 Fig. 39. Typical form of male (right) and female (left) front claws ...... 33 Fig. 40. Distribution of Platycoelia alternans and P. inflata ...... 44 Fig.41. Platycoelia inflata female ...... 4 7 Fig. 42. Distribution ofPlatycoelia nervosa, P. marginata, and P. meridensis ...... 49

v Fig. 43. Platycoelia marginata female ...... 54 Fig. 44. Platycoelia meridensis female ...... 56 Fig. 45. Platycoelia selanderi male ...... 59 Fig. 46. Distribution of Platycoelia selanderi, P. prasina, and P. simplicior ...... 60 Fig. 47. Distribution of Platycoelia abdominalis and P. pomacea ...... 66 Fig. 48. Distribution of Platycoelia occidental is and P. valida ...... 71 Fig. 49. Platycoelia valida male ...... 73 Fig. 50. Distribution of Platycoelia mesosternalis ...... 76 Fig.51. Platycoelia peruviana male ...... 78 Fig. 52. Distribution of Platycoelia peruviana and P. convexa ...... 79 Fig. 53. Platycoelia forcipalis male ...... 82 Fig. 54. Distribution of Platycoelia forcipalis, P. sandia, and P. penai ...... 83 Fig. 55. Platycoelia sandia male ...... 85 Fig. 56. Distribution of Platycoelia galerana, P. nigrosternalis, and P. intermedia ...... 90 Fig. 57. Platycoelia fZavostriata male ...... 93 Fig. 58. Distribution of Platycoelia fZavostriata, P. lutescens, and P. helleri ...... 94 Fig. 59. Platycoelia humeralis male ...... 99 Fig. 60. Distribution ofPlatycoelia humeralis ...... 100 Fig.61. Platycoelia grandicula male ...... 109 Fig. 62. Distribution of Platycoelia grandicula ...... 110 Fig. 63. Distribution of Platycoelia interstincta, P. variolosa, P. paucarae, andP. hiporum ...... 114 Fig. 64. Platycoelia puncticollis male ...... 118 Fig. 65. Distribution of Platycoelia puncticollis, P. unguicularis, P. traceyae, P. wallisi, P. fZavohumeralis, and P. steinheili ...... 119 Fig. 66. Distribution of Platycoelia fZavoscutellata, P. burmeisteriana, P. burmeisteri, and P. chrysotina ...... 123 Fig. 67. Platycoelia traceyae male ...... 128 Fig. 68. Distribution of Platycoelia butleri, P. hirta, P. altiplana, and P. confZuens ...... 137 Fig. 69. Platycoelia confZuens male ...... 143 Fig. 70. Platycoelia lutescens male ...... 148 Fig. 71. Distribution of Platycoelia gaujoni, P. pusilla, P. bordoni, andP.parva ...... 151 Fig. 72. Distribution of Platycoelia furva, P. quadrilineata, P. signaticollis, P. ignota, and P. aenigma ...... 158 Fig. 73. Distribution of Platycoelia rufosignata, P. insolita, P. kirschi, P. baessleri, P. bocki, P. alticola, P. inca, P. haenkei, andP.laelaps ...... 163 Fig. 74. Platycoelia insolita male ...... 165 Fig. 75. Platycoelia signaticollis male ...... 168 Fig. 76. Platycoelia bocki male ...... 176 Fig. 77. Platycoelia inca male paratype ...... 180 Fig. 78. Platycoelia haenkei male paratype ...... 183

VI Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum Volume 15 A Monographic Revision of the Genus Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini)

by Andrew B. T. Smith

Division of Entomology University of Nebraska State Museum Lincoln, NE, USA 68588-0514 Email: [email protected]

Abstract. This paper presents a taxonomic revision of the genus Platycoelia Dejean (Co­ leoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini: Platycoeliina). Phylogenetic analyses of all species in the genus were conducted and the biogeography of the genus is discussed. The phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of Platycoelia and divides the genus into four major clades. Based on the cladistic analysis, the generic names Callichloris Burmeister, Leucopelaea Bates, and Epicallichloris Gutierrez are considered synonyms of Platycoelia. Character states supporting monophyletic clades are discussed. Descriptions and keys to all taxa are included. The genus Platycoelia was revised and now includes 62 species, 19 of which are de­ scribed as new. The new species are: P. aenigma, P. altiplana, P. butleri, P. convexa, P. flavohumeralis, P. furva, P. galerana, P. grandicula, P. hiporum, P. ignota, P. inca, P. insolita, P. interstincta, P. meridensis, P. paucarae, P. peruviana, P. pusilla, P. sandia, P. traceyae. The following species group names are placed in synonymy: P. boliviensis Blanchard (= P. pomacea Erichson), P. brasiliensis Ohaus (= P. pomacea Erichson), P. limbata Ohaus (= P. prasina Erichson), P. nigricauda Bates (= P. parva Kirsch), P. proseni Martinez (= P. burmeisteri Arrow), P. pulchrior Ohaus (= P. chrysotina Ohaus), P. tucumana Ohaus (= P. inflata Ohaus). Lectotypes were selected for the following names: Callichloris baessleri Ohaus, C. bocki Ohaus, C. helleri Ohaus, C. signaticollis Burmeister, Leucopelaea baron is Ohaus, Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, P. abdominalis Ohaus, P. alternans Erichson, P. boliviensis Blanchard, P. burmeisteri Arrow, P. burmeisteri Ohaus, P. chrysotina Ohaus, P. confluens Ohaus, P. flavoscutellata Ohaus, P. forcipalis Ohaus, P. gaujoni Ohaus, P. hirta Ohaus, P. humeralis Bates, P. inflata Ohaus, P. inflata tucumana Ohaus, P. intermedia Ohaus, P. laevis Burmeister, P. limbata Ohaus, P. lutescens Blanchard, P. marginata Burmeister, P. mesosternalis Ohaus, P. nervosa Kirsch, P. nigrocauda Bates, P. nigrosternalis Ohaus, P. occidentalis Ohaus, P. olivacea Blanchard, P. parva Kirsch, P. pomacea Erichson, P. pomacea brasiliensis Ohaus, P. prasina Erichson, P. pulchrior Ohaus, P. puncticollis Ohaus, P. quadrilineata Burmeister, P. rufosignata Ohaus, P. scutellata Guerin-Meneville, P. simplicior Ohaus, P. steinheili Ohaus, P. tschudii Ohaus, P. unguicularis Ohaus, P. valida Burmeister, P. variolosa Ohaus, P. wallisi Ohaus. Neotypes were designated for Callichloris alticola Gutierrez and Callichloris laelaps Gutierrez. 2 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Resumen. Este trabajo presenta una revision taxonomica del genero Platycoelia Dejean (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini: Platycoeliina). Se realizaron analisis filogeneticos de todas las especies y la biogeografia del genero es discutida. El amilisis filogenetico soporta la monofilia de Platycoelia y divide el genero en dos clados. Basado en el amilisis cladistico, los nombres genericos Callichloris Burmeister, Leucopel­ aea Bates, y Epicallichloris Gutierrez son considerados sinonimos de Platycoelia. Los carecteres que dan soporte a los clados son discutidos. Descripciones y claves para los taxa son incluidas. El genero Platycoelia es revisado y ahora incluye 62 especies, 19 de las cuales se describen como nuevas. Las especies nuevas son: P. aenigma, P. altiplana, P. butleri, P. convexa, P. flavohumeralis, P. furva, P. galerana, P. grandicula, P. hiporum, P. ignota, P. inca, P. insolita, P. interstincta, P. meridensis, P. paucarae, P. peruviana, P. pusilla, P. sandia, P. traceyae. Los siguientes nombres especificos son pasados a sinonimia: P. boliviensis Blanchard (= P. pomacea Erichson), P. brasiliensis Ohaus (= P. pomacea Erichson), P. limbata Ohaus (= P. prasina Erichson), P. nigricauda Bates (= P. parva Kirsch), P. proseni Martinez (= P. burmeisteri Arrow), P. pulchrior Ohaus (= P. chrysotina Ohaus), P. tucumana Ohaus (= P. inflata Ohaus). Lectotipos son designados para los siguientes nombres: Callichloris baessleri Ohaus, C. bocki Ohaus, C. helleri Ohaus, C. signaticollis Burmeister, Leucopelaea baron is Ohaus, Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, P. abdominalis Ohaus, P. alternans Erichson, P. boliviensis Blanchard, P. burmeisteri Arrow, P. burmeisteri Ohaus, P. chrysotina Ohaus, P. confluens Ohaus, P. flavoscutellata Ohaus, P. forcipalis Ohaus, P. gaujoni Ohaus, P. hirta Ohaus, P. humeralis Bates, P. inflata Ohaus, P. inflata tucumana Ohaus, P. intermedia Ohaus, P.laevis Burmeister, P.limbata Ohaus, P.lutescens Blanchard, P. marginata Burmeister, P. mesosternalis Ohaus, P. nervosa Kirsch, P. nigrocauda Bates, P. nigrosternalis Ohaus, P. occidentalis Ohaus, P. olivacea Blanchard, P. parva Kirsch, P. pomacea Erichson, P. pomacea brasiliensis Ohaus, P. prasina Erichson, P. pulchrior Ohaus, P. puncticollis Ohaus, P. quadrilineata Burmeister, P. rufosignata Ohaus, P. scutellata Guerin-Meneville, P. simplicior Ohaus, P. steinheili Ohaus, P. tschudii Ohaus, P. unguicularis Ohaus, P. valida Burmeister, P. variolosa Ohaus, P. wallisi Ohaus. N eotipos son designados para Callichloris alticola Gutierrez y Callichloris laelaps Gutierrez. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 3

INTRODUCTION

The genera of the cockchafers offer few species as remarkable as this one.

-Pierre Andre Latreille 1813 (when describing the first species of Platycoelia)

Members of the genus Platycoelia Dejean for the skewed sex ratios seen in collections are usually 1-3 cm in length with lime green for several species of Platycoelia. As with to olive green coloration. A total of 62 species many other insects, the adult males tend to are known, and the larvae oftwo species have emerge first, followed several days later by been described. Species of Platycoelia are the females (which probably live longer). The most diverse through the Colombian to Boliv­ sex ratio of specimens captured can vary ian Andes. They are common in mid-elevation widely from day to day, especially for the spe­ to high elevation habitats in the Andes Moun­ cies with short adult life spans. Males and fe­ tains and other montane areas of the N eo­ males may have different propensities to tropics. Unusually small, dark, and setose disperse and that probably also has an effect species are found at high elevation (3,000- on the sex ratio of collected specimens. 4,000 m) in the Puna and Altiplano regions of At certain times of the year, Platycoelia Peru and Bolivia. adults are used as food by the indigenous Very little is known of the biology of Platy­ people of the Ecuadorian highlands (and un­ coelia species. The larvae have been found doubtedly other places). Onore (1997) re­ feeding on organic material in the soil (Ohaus ported that five species of Platycoelia were 1908, 1909a). Adults feed on the foliage of regularly consumed in Ecuador, while Smith various types of plants and are sometimes at­ and Paucar-Cabrera (2000) detailed the use of tracted to lights at night. The adults of some P. lutescens as food. Ecuadorians call green­ species have a short life span and emerge in colored Platycoelia "catso verde" and white­ great numbers to rapidly breed and lay eggs. colored Platycoelia (mainly P.lutescens) "catso This is the reason why many abundant spe­ blanco." David Hawks (UCRC) and Ron Cave cies are known from only a handful of mu­ (EAPZ) informed me that they call Platycoe­ seum specimens. Collectors usually have only lia "watermelons" or "poor man's Chrysina" a narrow window of opportunity in remote lo­ when collecting in the mountains of Central cations of poorly known regions. Whymper America for jewel scarabs. I, of course, take (1891) discussed an example of this when he exception with the latter name! observed "many hundreds" of P. lutescens The large size and appealing coloration of Blanchard individuals spread over a large the genus Platycoelia made it a popular group area on the plains near Volcan Cotopaxi in with 19th century collectors and explorers. As Ecuador. He remarked that the "region has a result, many species were described over a been traversed by several, at least, of my pre­ century ago. Friedrich Ohaus (1904b) pub­ decessors" (who would have collected speci­ lished the most important Platycoelia paper mens if they saw them). Whymper noted that to date when he revised the group in 1904. His the beetles were large and very obvious be­ work, however, did contain several mistakes cause of their abundance and the scarcity of and has proven to be an ineffective identifica­ vegetation in the area. There are also ex­ tion guide (based on the high percentage of amples of Platycoelia known from only a very unidentified and misidentified specimens in large type series originating from a single col­ collections around the world). It did not even lecting event (P. inca n. sp. and P. haenkei contain a key to the species level. Ohaus' taxo­ [Gutierrez] are examples). There are undoubt­ nomic work on Platycoelia is now badly out­ edly more species of Platycoelia with short­ dated. Over the past 98 years, South America lived adults that have not yet been discovered. has become tremendously more accessible, Indiscriminant collecting probably accounts and people have collected insects in many new 4 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM habitats and areas. The modern practice of concepts. MacLeay's Rutelidae consisted of including detailed data labels on specimens the modern tribe Rutelini while his has lead to a much better understanding of Anoplognathidae consisted of the modern the geographic distribution, biogeography, Anoplognathini, Geniatini, and Apogonia habitat preferences, and phenology of Platy­ Kirby (a Melolonthinae genus). MacLeay's coelia species. Some new species of Platycoe­ (1819) promulgation of the quinary system of lia have been described over the past few classification perhaps necessitated his erec­ decades, but many more new species have tion of the family group name Anoplognathini awaited description. It has never been explic­ (in order to get the required five groups). The itly stated where all the type material for pre­ quinary system (which asserted the divine di­ viously described species was deposited. All of vision ofliving things into groups of five) was this new information needs to be analyzed, used in the early 19th century by some au­ synthesized, and disseminated in a form that thors. The concept of the quinary system is is usable to other taxonomists, biologists, and bizarre (to say the least) by today's standards conservationists. in the context of evolutionary and phyloge­ This revision provides a means of identi­ netic theories. It was, nonetheless, used by fication, describes new species, synonymizes some of the religious scholars who were the some old names, makes lectotype and neo­ predominant authors of works on natural his­ type designations, and presents relationship tory prior to the middle of the 19th century. and biogeography hypotheses for the genus MacLeay's time was the dawn of insect clas­ Platycoelia. Ultimately, the taxonomic re­ sification, and the methods and standards search on Anoplognathini will lead to a better were in a wild state of flux as authors understanding of southern hemispheric dis­ grappled with different ideas of the origin of tributional patterns that are commonly ob­ species and the overwhelming diversity oflife served in many groups of organisms. A being discovered around the world. Mayr phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of (1982) has pointed out that the use of the Platycoelia will also provide valuable clues to quinary system of classification actually origi­ the processes that lead to the unusually rich nated from MacLeay's 1819 publication on the amount of biodiversity found in mid-eleva­ scarab beetle families. tional habitats along the eastern slope of the Laporte (1840) made modifications to the Andes Mountains. It is my great hope that "Anoplognathites" by removing and adding this monograph will inspire and facilitate fu­ some taxa to the group. Although Laporte's ture research on the systematics, biogeogra­ concept of the group was more similar to the phy, and ecology of this fascinating group of modern concept, it was still considered to be beetles. separate from the rest of the rutelines. Burmeister (1844) was the first to classify Tribe Anoplognathini Anoplognathini in the modern sense. His "Anoplognathidae" contained all of the taxa Anoplognathini is one of six tribes currently considered to be in the group and (Rutelini, Anomalini, Spodochlamyini, that were known at the time. Burmeister also Geniatini, Adoretini, and Anoplognathini) classified the anoplognathines in the currently recognized in the subfamily "Phyllophaga Metallica" with the rest of the Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The taxa now considered to be in the subfamily tribe Anoplognathini is endemic to the Aus­ Rutelinae. This was the first time these tralian and Neotropical realms. Anoplogna­ groups were considered to be more related to thines have long been recognized as a distinct each other than to other groups of scarabs. group within the Scarabaeoidea. MacLeay Blanchard (1851) and Lacordaire (1856) also (1819) was the first to erect the family group made noteworthy treatments of the group names Rutelinae (as Rutelidae) and Anoplog­ but mainly followed Burmeister's classi­ nathini (as Anoplognathidae), but each had a fication scheme. Bates (1888) doubted the va­ very different composition from their current lidity of using the structure of the labrum MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 5

alone to divide up the rutelines (as was later the world. Machatschke (1965, 1972) mim­ done by Ohaus). He felt that anoplognathines, icked Ohaus' classification scheme in the most geniatines, and anomalines were more closely recent world catalogs of the subfamily related than previously thought. Rutelinae, but Machatschke (1965) was criti­ Ohaus (1918) was the first to divide the cal of Ohaus' division of Rutelinae tribes into subfamily Rutelinae into two groups based on multiple subtribes because many of these the form of the labrum: the Rutelinae groups were based on a single character. For homalochilidae (Anomalini and Rutelini) with the same reason, Machatschke was critical of a labrum parallel to the clypeus, and the the division of Rutelinae into two groups Rutelinae orthochilidae (Adoretini, Anoplog­ (Ohaus' Rutelinae homalochilidae and nathini, Geniatini, and Spodochlamyini) with Rutelinae orthochilidae). He argued that this the labrum perpendicular to the clypeus. classification system (and the classification of Ohaus (1904a, 1904b, 1905, 1918) also did a Scarabaeidae in general) "is based on com­ major taxonomic overhaul on the Anoplog­ pletely outdated opinions" (developed by nathini, dividing the tribe into the five cur­ Burmeister [1844] before evolutionary theory rently recognized subtribes: Anoplognathina was elucidated), and that classification sys­ (Australia and New Guinea), Schizognathina tems such as this will not endure when they (Australia), Brachysternina (Chile, Argen­ "are still based on single characters." Many tina), Phalangogoniina (Mexico and Central recent authors have echoed Machatschke's America), and Platycoeliina (Neotropics). frustration with the antiquated scarab clas­ Early authors (Burmeister 1844; Lacordaire sification system. It seems inevitable that 1856; Sharp 1878; Ohaus 1904a) commented modern phylogenetic analysis will topple on the similarities between some of the Aus­ many of the ancient and untested ideas about tralian and N eotropical genera. However, relationships within the family Scarabaeidae! when Ohaus (1918) classified the Australian Jameson (1998) demonstrated problems genera into two subtribes and Neotropical with Ohaus' tribal-level classification scheme genera into three separate subtribes, the of the Rutelinae, but she did not include any similarities between the Australian and Neo­ Anoplognathini in her analysis. Up to then, tropical groups were obscured and have not there had been no published attempt to verify been studied since. Machatschke (1965) the monophyly ofOhaus' subtribes within the briefly discussed the evolution and biogeogra­ Anoplognathini or ofthe Anoplognathini with phy of the Anoplognathini. He thought that respect to the rest of the Rutelinae using mod­ the Neotropical Anoplognathini and Austra­ ern phylogenetic methods. All three of the lian Anoplognathini were both monophyletic Neotropical subtribes have recently been re­ groups, but stopped short of suggesting that vised (Brachysternina by Jameson and Smith the two groups were sister taxa. [2002], Ratcliffe and Ocampo [2002], and The Australian subtribes of Anoplog­ Smith [2002a]; Phalangogoniina by Smith nathini were reviewed by Carne (1954, 1955, and Moron [2003]; and Platycoeliina by Smith 1956, 1957, 1958). Carne (1958) mentioned [this paper]). My phylogenetic analysis some problems with Ohaus' classification (Smith 2002a) supported the monophyly of scheme in the context of Australian Ru­ the sub tribe Brachysternina, and I hypoth­ telinae. Some Australian genera share several esized that the split between the Australian key character states with Geniatini, but he and Neotropical taxa occurred during the hypothesized that this is due to convergent breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent evolution. Carne (1958) did not make any during the late Cretaceous or early Tertiary. changes to Rutelinae classification above the The tribe Anoplognathini is, therefore, quite generic level when reviewing the Australian old, having arisen soon after the adaptive ra­ fauna. I think it is most unfortunate that diation of the phytophagous scarabs Carne did not critically examine at least the (Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Dynastinae, subtribes of Anoplognathini, especially since Cetoniinae and other minor subfamilies) dur­ there are relatively few genera in the rest of ing the Cretaceous, along with the adaptive 6 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

radiation and diversification of the an­ ever, the preservation of this subtribe may giosperm plants on which they feed. render other subtribes paraphyletic. The Phylogenetic analyses have cast doubt on monophyly and validity of the subtribes the validity of some of Ohaus' ruteline within the Anoplognathini are topics of ongo­ subtribes. Jameson (1998) demonstrated the ing research on which I will report in the fu­ paraphyly of most of the subtribes within the ture. tribe Rutelini and, as a result, synonymized most of the names. My preliminary phyloge­ TAXONOMIC HISTORY OF THE netic research on the tribe Anoplognathini GENUS PLATYCOELIA has supported the monophyly of the Neotro­ pical subtribes of Anoplognathini (Brachy­ During their historic journey to the Span­ sternina, Phalangogoniina, Platycoeliina), ish colonies in South America from 1799- but not the Australian subtribes (Anoplog­ 1803, Alexander Humboldt and Aime nathina, Schizognathina). Preliminary mo­ Bonpland collected many plants and animals lecular and biogeographic analyses also shed for scientific description. In South America, some doubt on the monophyly of the tribe Ano­ they collected material in Venezuela, Colom­ plognathini as well. Rutelini and Anoplog­ bia, Ecuador, and Peru. Upon returning to nathini are paraphyletic based on these Europe, Humboldt contracted Pierre Andre preliminary data. The analysis suggests that Latreille to describe some of the insects col­ the Anoplognathini are basal lineages of lected during the voyage. These descriptions Rutelinae and the Rutelini are the more api­ were in the insect section of Voyage de cal lineages (having multiple origins within Humboldt et Bonpland: Observations de the Anoplognathini). This question, along Zoologie et d'Anatomie Comparee, which was with phylogenetic analyses ofthe Rutelinae + published from 1805-1832. A specimen (or Dynastinae clades (preliminarily examined specimens) of Platycoelia was collected by by Jameson [1998]), must be thoroughly ad­ Humboldt and Bonpland, and Latreille (1813) dressed before a stable and enduring new described it as M elolontha flavostriata Rutelinae classification system can be pro­ Latreille. Blanchard (1851), Ohaus [1918], posed to replace Ohaus' classification system. Machatschke [1965, 1972] and others have It is obvious that modifications are needed. erroneously listed the date of this work as 1833, but it was published in 1813 (Sherborn Subtribe Platycoeliina 1899). At the time, there were very few ge­ neric names used for scarab beetles and most The subtribe Platycoeliina contains one non-metallic rutelines were placed in genus, Platycoelia, and is endemic to the Melolontha Fabricius. Soon afterward, au­ Neotropics. The subtribe Platycoeliina was thors such as Dejean, MacLeay, LePeletier first erected by Burmeister (1844) (as and Serville, Kirby, and Hope began splitting Platycoeliidae) to accommodate the genera up the old genera and creating many new ge­ Platycoelia and Phalangogonia Burmeister. neric names to accommodate the tremendous Ohaus (1904b, 1905) later removed Phahn­ diversity of the group. Dejean published a se­ gogonia and added Callichloris Burmeister ries of catalogs listing the species in his per­ and Leucopelaea Bates (now junior synonyms sonal collection (see Madge [1988] for more of Platycoelia) to the taxon. Ohaus (1918) was details). According to Arrow (1899), Latreille also the first to use Platycoeliina in its cur­ gave Dejean a specimen of P. flavostriata rent sense and usage as a subtribe ofthe tribe (which eventually ended up at BMNH). This Anoplognathini. The subtribe became mono­ specimen is now the lectotype of P. generic when Machatschke (1965) synony­ flavostriata. Dejean (1833, 1836) then listed mized all of the generic names in the subtribe the species under the new generic name under Platycoelia. As discussed in the phylog­ Platycoelia in his catalogs. The dates of the eny section, the subtribe Platycoeliina (genus Dejean catalogs have been the source of much Platycoelia) is a monophyletic group. How- discussion in the literature with Madge (1988) MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 7

being the most recent authority on the sub­ listed by Dejean (1833, 1836), but was not ject. The publication dates for the fascicles in made available in those publications because which Platycoelia was cataloged were listed in no available species-group names were listed Madge (1988) and confirmed by the journal under that generic name. Bibliographie de la France which announces Erichson (1847) described three new spe­ the release of new publications in that coun­ cies of Platycoelia from Peru: P. pomacea try. Platycoelia Dejean, 1833 was published no Erichson, P. alternans Erichson, and P. later than 27 July 1833 according to the prasina Erichson. Accession records at ZMHB Bibliographie de la France (36[30]: 459). Al­ indicate that the type series of P. alternans though Dejean (1833) provided no description was collected by Rudolph A. Philippi and the for the new generic name, Platycoelia was type series of P. pomacea and P. prasina were made available in that publication under the collected by Jose Pavon (Pavon specimens ar­ ICZN rules (Article 12.2.5). The placement of rived at ZMHB via the Hoffmansegg collec­ an available specific name in combination tion). Blanchard (1851) later described three with a new generic name makes the generic more species: P. boliviensis Blanchard (herein name available by indication (International a junior synonym of P. pomacea); P. olivacea Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Blanchard (later placed in synonymy with P. 1999). Ohaus (1918) and Machatschke (1965) marginata); and P. lutescens Blanchard. incorrectly (according to the current rules of Burmeister (1855) later added one additional nomenclature) cited the author and date of species, P. laevis Burmeister (later placed in Platycoelia as Burmeister, 1844. synonymy with P. marginata). In the same Burmeister (1844) was the first author to year, Guerin-Meneville (1855) described an­ attempt to classify Platycoelia in the context other species, P. scutellata Guerin-Meneville of other groups of scarab beetles. He was the (herein a junior synonym of P. marginata). first to provide a description of the genus and Kirsch (1871, 1885) then added two species: he placed the group in the "Anoplognathidae," P. nervosa Kirsch and P. parva Kirsch. Bates which is the modern tribe Anoplognathini con­ (1888, 1891b) described two new species: P. sisting of Australian and N eotropical genera. humeralis Bates and P. nigricauda Bates Burmeister also erected the family group (herein a junior synonym of P. parva). Bates name Platycoeliina Burmeister (originally as (1891b) also described the new genus Leuco­ Platycoeliidae) containing Platycoelia and pelaea Bates (later placed in synonymy with Phalangogonia, and he discussed similarities Platycoelia) to accommodate the new species with Anoplognathus Leach and Repsimus L. albescens Bates (later placed in synonymy MacLeay (two Australian genera). Three new with P.lutescens). species of Platycoelia were also described in Before the 20th century, there was no this paper: P. valida Burmeister, P. quadri­ comprehensive work done on the genus lineata Burmeister, and P. marginata Bur­ Platycoelia. Freidrich Ohaus, who has been meister. Burmeister also redescribed P. called the "Father of Rutelinae" (Jameson flavostriata, but used specimens of another 1998), changed all that with the first review species for the description. The species of the genus in 1904. Ohaus (1904b) re­ Burmeister described as P. flavostriata was described all the existing species and de­ later recognized as different by Arrow (1899) scribed the following 23 new species group and Ohaus (1904b) and given the names P. names of Platycoelia: P. inflata Ohaus, P. burmeisteri Arrow and P. tschudii Ohaus re­ inflata tucumana Ohaus (herein a junior syn­ spectively (with the Arrow name being the onym of P. inflata), P.limbata Ohaus (herein valid one). Burmeister (1844) also described a junior synonym of P. prasina), P. steinheili P. signaticollis (Burmeister) in the new genus Ohaus, P. forcipalis Ohaus, P. occidentalis Callichloris, which he placed under the fam­ Ohaus, P. pomacea brasiliensis Ohaus (herein ily group name Brachysternidae (with taxa a junior synonym of P. pomacea), P. currently in the subtribes Brachysternina abdominalis Ohaus, P. mesosternalis Ohaus, and Schizognathina). Callichloris was also P. variolosa Ohaus, P. nigrosternalis Ohaus, 8 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

P. puncticollis Ohaus, P. tschudii Ohaus (later and Martinez (1994) added P. selanderi placed in synonymy with P. burmeisteri Ar­ Martinez and Martinez. Finally, Smith and row), P. wallisi Ohaus, P. burmeisteri Ohaus Paucar-Cabrera (2000) reviewed the tax­ Gunior primary homonym P. burmeisteri Arrow, onomy of P. lutescens, and Paucar-Cabrera replacement name now used: P. burmeisteriana and Smith (2002) described the larvae of P. Ohaus), P. unguicularis Ohaus, P. flavo­ gaujoni and P. lutescens. scutellata Ohaus, P. hirta Ohaus, P. confluens The following taxa were once classified as Ohaus, P. chrysotina Ohaus, P. pulchrior Platycoelia (and junior synonyms) but have Ohaus (herein a junior synonym of P. chryso­ since been transferred to other groups. The tina), P. gaujoni Ohaus, and P. rufosignata name Callichloris perelegans Curtis was Ohaus. Ohaus (1904b) also described three originally described in Callichloris due to con­ new species in the genus Callichloris (later fusion over the identity of the generic name. transferred to Platycoelia): P. helleri (Ohaus), The species name has since been correctly P. kirschi (Ohaus), and P. baessleri (Ohaus). placed as a junior synonym of Hylamorpha Ohaus (1905) next added the name Leucopel­ elegans (Burmeister) (see Ratcliffe and aea baronis Ohaus (later placed in synonymy Ocampo 2002). The genus Heterocallichloris with P.lutescens). In subsequent years, Ohaus Gutierrez and species Heterocallichloris bi­ (1909b, 1925) added two more species: P. color Gutierrez (now Eremophygus bicolor) simplicior Ohaus and P. intermedia Ohaus. were originally placed in the subtribe Platy­ Ohaus (1925) lastly described the species Cal­ coeliina, but later transferred to the tribe lichloris bocki Ohaus (later transferred to Rutelini by Smith and Jameson (2001). Platycoelia). Although Ohaus' work was the last com­ NOTES ON AUTHORS, TYPES, prehensive treatment of Platycoelia, a few AND COLLECTIONS authors have added new species to the genus over the past 50 years. Gutierrez (1951) de­ In order to facilitate future research on scribed the genus-group name Epicallichloris scarab beetle taxonomy I have included the Gutierrez (later placed in synonymy with following information on authors, types, and Platycoelia) as a subgenus of Callichloris. He collections. Other indispensable resources for also described two new species in the genus tracking types and collections include Horn Callichloris (later placed in synonymy with and Kahle (1935, 1936, 1937) and Evenhuis Platycoelia): P. alticola (Gutierrez) and P. (1997). laelaps (Gutierrez). One year later, Gutierrez (1952) added another species originally in Henry Walter Bates 1825-1892 the genus Callichloris (which are now con­ Henry Walter Bates is a well-known En­ sidered Platycoelia): P. haenkei Gutierrez. glish 19th century naturalist and entomolo­ Gutierrez (1952) also described the monotypic gist. He spent 11 years (from 1848-1859) genus Heterocallichloris Gutierrez, and its collecting in Amazonia. After he returned to species, H. bicolor Gutierrez, in the subtribe Europe, he published many taxonomy papers, Platycoeliina. This species (and genus) does but he also became well-known for his papers not belong in the tribe Anoplognathini and on evolution and biogeography. O'Hara (1995) was justifiably transferred to the genus provided an excellent review of Bates' career Eremophygus Ohaus (Rutelini) by Smith and and provided a bibliography of his scientific Jameson (2001). Machatschke (1965) then publications. Bates described many new spe­ synonymized the genus group names Calli­ cies of scarab beetles and his most important chloris, Epicallichloris, and Leucopelaea un­ contribution to scarabaeology was the monu­ der the name Platycoelia. Frey (1967) later mental Biologia Centrali-Americana volume added one more species, P. penai Frey. on scarabs. Bates described Platycoelia spe­ Martinez (1976) then added P. bordoni cies both in the Biologia Centrali-Americana Martinez andP.proseni Martinez (now ajun­ (Bates 1888) and in a less-known work, ior synonym of P. burmeisteri) and Martinez Whymper's Supplementary Appendix to Trav- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 9 els Amongst the Great Andes of the Equator 129-240, which contains the entire Rutelinae (Bates 1891). Bates' type material from these section) came out no later than 2 August 1851 works is now at the BMNH and MNHN. The according to the Bibliographie de la France material at the BMNH was deposited there at (1851[31]: 418). As I was working on the the time of publication, while the specimens Brachysternina (Jameson and Smith 2002; at the MNHN were from Bates' personal col­ Smith 2002a), I noticed that the second sec­ lection. After his death, his collection was pur­ tion came out after Solier (1851). Blanchard chased by Oberthiir and eventually deposited (1851) even refers to Solier (1851) on several at the MNHN with the rest of the Oberthiir pages (including 219, 225, 226). This is inter­ collection. I have followed the standard estab­ nal evidence of the publication date of 1851. lished by previous authors (and recommended However, many subsequent authors have in­ by the ICZN) by selecting the specimen illus­ correctly used the date 1850 for the entire trated as the lectotype for species described volume. in the Biologia Centrali-Americana. The specimens illustrated are always labeled as Karl Hermann Burmeister 1807-1892 such and housed at the BMNH. Hermann Burmeister was a German en­ tomologist who published many important Charles Emile Blanchard (1819-1900) works on scarab taxonomy. He was the first Emile Blanchard was a French entomolo­ to comprehensively treat many groups and gist who worked at the MNHN. He used speci­ place them in a classification scheme based mens in the MNHN collection, and the type on comparisons with the world fauna. series of the species he described are housed Burmeister split the most productive years of there. His type specimens have large green his career between the Universitat Halle labels and smaller round labels with a unique (MLUH) in Germany and the Museo Argen­ number corresponding to an entry in the ac­ tino de Ciencias Naturales (MACN) in Buenos cession records (which are still available at Aires, Argentina. Most of his scarab work was the MNHN). They are rarely labeled as types. done before his 1862 move to Argentina, and Blanchard (1850, 1851) described many new so the type series of most species he described species of scarab beetles in the Coleoptera are still at MLUH. In his Handbuch der section of the series Museum d'Histoire Entomologie series, Burmeister used the sym­ Naturelle de Paris. Catalogue de la Collection bol "*,, to indicate new species descriptions Entomologique. A fact that has often been and "t" to indicate if specimens were retained overlooked is that this publication came out at MLUH. He also indicated the collections in two parts. The first part (pages 1-128) was from which material was examined when de­ published in 1850, and the second part (pages scribing species (unfortunately, most were 129-240) was published in 1851. Most vol­ personal collections that have long been dis­ umes I have seen have had the cover pages re­ persed or lost). Generally speaking, the moved and have been bound together. In the MLUH collection is still intact with Bur­ library of the CNCI there is a version where meister's large, green, handwritten labels. the title page ofthe first part was stuck at the Only the first specimen in a series is labeled, end of the bound version. The cover page says so the others need to be scrutinized to make "Premiere Livraison" and "Pages 1-128" sure they are part of the type series. This is (handwritten). It seems clear that the first difficult, because the other specimens lack part came out in 1850 because of the date on labels. Fortunately, not much Neotropical the cover page and at the end of the introduc­ material has been added to MLUH since tion (25 avril 1850). The earliest publication Burmeister's time, and the collection has date I could find for the first part was 19 Oc­ been well-tended over the years so it is fairly tober 1850. That is when it was recorded in easy to find Burmeister's specimens (see the journal Bibliographie de la France Calvert 1898 for a discussion of Burmeister's (1850[42]: 534), which reports when publica­ specimens at MLUH). Burmeister's speci­ tions are released. The second part (pages mens in a series usually have similar, char- 10 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

acteristic pins that can also be used as evi­ The NHMB also had an interest in obtaining dence of their common origin. Burmeister's the collection. Disagreements over ownership material acquired after 1862 is at MACN (see and the interpretation of Frey's will caused a Cardoso [1944] for details of the Argentinean the matter to be settled in court. Finally, the years). collection was awarded to NHMB and moved to Basel, Switzerland. The Frey collection Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson (1808-1849) (MGFT) is still maintained as a separate col­ Erichson had a short but very productive lection within the NHMB. Most of the types career in entomology. He was a curator at of species described by Frey are housed at the ZMHB for a number of years (1834-1848) MGFT, but he also exchanged some with other before his death (Uhlig and Jaeger 1995). His collectors (such as Martinez). collection, including the type series of spe­ cies he described, are housed at ZMHB. Felix Edouard Guerin-Meneville (1799- Erichson's types have orange type labels and 1874) a unique number that corresponds to an en­ Guerin-Meneville was a French ento­ try in the ZMHB accession books (Catalog mologist and prolific author and illustrator General Musei Zoologici Berlinen). I have dis­ who described many new species of scarab covered a couple of noteworthy points about beetles during the middle of the 19th century. Erichson's (1847) article titled "Conspectus Most of his type specimens are now in the Insectorum Coleopterorum quae in Republica MNHN, but some are missing. Guerin­ Peruana observata sunt" in the journal Meneville's type specimens usually bear a Archiv fur Naturgeschichte. The publication type label and the species name in his hand­ date of Erichson (1847) is no later than April writing. Horn and Kahle (1935) reported that 1847 according to the library records pub­ his collection was broken up and distributed lished in the journal Linnaea entomologica: to several places. The scarab beetles seem to Zeitschrift herausgegeben von dem ento­ have arrived at the MNHN through the col­ mologischen Vereine in Stettin. This article lections of Felix Monchicourt and Emile (Erichson 1847) was intended to describe new Deyrolle (Horn and Kahle 1935, 1936) species from Peru, but somehow included species that were obviously collected in Chile. Ramon Gutierrez 1917-1953 Examples include Brachysternus spectabilis Ramon Gutierrez was a Chilean ento­ Erichson (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplog­ mologist who wrote several scarab taxonomy nathini) and Dasychaeta lateralis Erichson papers in the late 1940s and early 1950s and (Glaphyridae). Solier (1851) and Blanchard he died at the young age of 35 of heart fail­ (1851) commented that "Entomologists fre­ ure. He described new species collected by fel­ quently confuse insect collections originating low Chilean collectors Kuschel and Pella. from the two regions (Peru and Chile) even Gutierrez deposited type material in his own though they are so different." This was appar­ collection (which is now at UCCC) and in the ently a common mistake at the time, perhaps collections of Antonio Martinez, MNNC, and due to the then recent changes in the politi­ "Sociedad Cientifica Chilena Claudio Gay." cal borders and regional name changes ofthe The Sociedad Cientifica Chilena Claudio Gay area. collection was a short-lived collection that was soon amalgamated with Luis Pella's per­ Georg Frey 1902-1976 sonal collection. The Pella collection was pur­ Georg Frey amassed a large personal col­ chased by the FMNH in the 1980s, and this lection of scarab beetles during his life time. is where some of the Gutierrez types are now He also established the journal Entomolo­ housed. Some of Gutierrez's material that was gischen Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey, reportedly deposited in the Sociedad Tutzing, where scarab taxonomy papers were Cientifica Chilena Claudio Gay collection has published. After Frey's death, his personal since disappeared. Gutierrez also deposited collection was temporarily moved to Munich. some paratypes in the Rodolfo Zischka collec- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 11 tion. Zischka was a German who lived in Friedrich Ohaus 1864-1946 Cochabamba, Bolivia. The current location of Friedrich Ohaus was an eminent German the Zischke collection is unknown, but pre­ entomologist who published over 170 papers sumably it is somewhere in Cochabamba. on scarabaeoids. The vast majority of these Gutierrez's necrology and bibliography was concerned the taxonomy of Rutelinae. Be­ written by Faure (1953). cause of his voluminous and ground-breaking research on ruteline taxonomy, he has been Pierre Andre Latreille 1762-1833 referred to as the "Father of Rutelinae" Much has been written of the prominent (Jameson 1998). He wrote the Coleopterorum French entomologist, Pierre Andre Latreille. Catalogus volume on Rutelinae and developed He was arguably the most important of the the modern classification of the subfamily early entomologists who turned insect tax­ Rutelinae that (with some modifications) is onomy from a pastime for amateurs into a sci­ still used today. entific discipline. He developed the basic Ohaus was a student of Edgar von Harold classification systems still used in many and later a practicing medical doctor. His groups of insects and described numerous medical training allowed him to travel to species and genera. He was the earliest au­ South America three times in the capacity of thor to classify Coleoptera into what are now ship's doctor. While in South America, he col­ considered modern family group names. lected extensively and made detailed observa­ Latreille's collection was sold after his death tions on the biology and development of in 1833 (Dejean acquired some of the mate­ scarabs. His expeditions were August 1898 - rial). Much ofthe material eventually went to March 1899 (Brazil, especially Petropolis); Au­ the BMNH and the MNHN though various gust 1904 - April 1906 (Ecuador, travelling means. Many other specimens have been lost over the Cordilleras from Rio Villano to over time. Cururay and Napo to Iquitos and then down the Amazon to Para, Brazil); and 1926 (Bra­ Antonio Martinez 1922-1993 zil: Sao Paulo, Porto Epitacio, Itatiya). His Martinez was an avid collector of N eotro­ journeys to South America were some of the pical scarabs and prolific author on scarab last done in the 18th and 19th century natu­ taxonomy. He lived in northern Argentina, ralist tradition. After WWI and until his but collected all over South America and ac­ death he was a scientific assistant at the quired specimens from other collectors in Natural History Museum in Mainz. Nissen Latin America. He and his wife died in a (1952) provided a brief biography and bibliog­ tragic automobile accident while on a collect­ raphy of Friedrich Ohaus. ing trip to Bolivia in 1993. After Martinez's Ohaus traveled to many collections in death, Henry and Anne Howden of Ottawa, Europe. He deposited his types in various col­ Canada (HAHC) purchased his collection lections (including BMNH, NMPC, SMTD, (with the exception of the primary types, USNM), but the vast majority of Platycoelia which were deposited at MACN). As of 2002, types are housed in the MNHN and ZMHB. the Howden collection is in the process of be­ Ohaus also visited the Oberthiir Collection ing donated to the CMNC. This process (now in MNHN) in 1903 while preparing the should be completed soon, and the CMNC will manuscript for the review of Platycoelia. be the permanent repository for the Martinez Oberthiir had purchased many personal col­ Collection. The Martinez Collection contains lections from European collectors and had an most ofthe paratypes of species he described, impressive number and diversity of Platy­ as well as some paratypes from species de­ coelia specimens. This material, along with scribed by Gutierrez and Frey. Martinez also specimens Ohaus had acquired personally, deposited some types of species he described formed the basis of his review of the genus in the MGFT. Fritz (1994) provided a necrol­ (Ohaus 1904b). All of Ohaus' personal col­ ogy and list of publications for Antonio lection is now housed at the ZMHB. Ohaus Martinez. also deposited types in ZMUH, but these 12 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM specimens, along with the entire Coleoptera PHYLOGENETIC METHODS and Lepidoptera collections, were destroyed AND MATERIALS in July 1943 by an air raid (Klapperich 1948). Ohaus' type concept was similar to others Phylogenetic Analysis of his time; never designating a single speci­ men to be the primary type of his new species. The phylogeny of Platycoelia was recon­ He always considered the entire type series structed using 91 adult morphological charac­ to be "cotypes" (properly called syntypes). ters. The character matrix was constructed He would often label the type series with a using MacClade 4.03 (Maddison and Mad­ male and female "type" and with the re­ dison 2002) and analyzed using PAUP* mainder of the type series "cotypes," but this 4.0b10 (Swofford 2002). Phalangogonia was not done consistently. Sometimes he sperata Sharp was used as an outgroup for the would label a male and female in one collec­ analysis. The outgroup was selected based on tion as "type" and another male and female the preliminary generic-level phylogenetic in another collection as "type." Even though analysis of the tribe Anoplognathini, the phy­ Ohaus labeled some specimens as "type," logenetic analysis of the subtribe Brachy­ these cannot be considered to be holotypes be­ sternina (Smith 2002a), and the historic idea cause they were not fixed in the original pub­ that this is the most closely related taxon to lication. According to the ICZN, holotypes Platycoelia (Burmeister 1844; Ohaus 1904b). must be fixed in the original publication Homology was assessed using position and (lCZN Article 73). Ohaus never did this so the quality of resemblance as basic criteria (de­ type series of all the species he described rived from Remane [1956]). Ifthese basic cri­ must be considered to consist of syntypes un­ teria were met, then the character states were til a lectotype is designated. The only excep­ assumed to be homologous. Ultimately, the tion is when the taxon was described using a results of the phylogenetic analysis provide single specimen (there must be clear evidence futher evidence for or against the homology of this from the original publication or a sec­ assumptions. ondary source), and then the holotype is fixed by monotypy (ICZN Article 73.1.2). To further Character Definition complicate matters, Ohaus would often label specimens as types even though he examined All descriptions are based on adults un­ them after the original description was pub­ less otherwise specified. The following defini­ lished. This habit was observed with many tions and standards were used in the scoring Platycoelia specimens and has been com­ of character states for the phylogenetic analy­ mented on in the past by other authors ses and for the generic and species descrip­ (Kuijten 1992; Jameson 1998). As a result, it tions. For definitions of entomological terms is necessary to be conservative and critical used in this work, see Torre-Bueno (1989). when deciding if specimens with Ohaus' type labels are truly types. This can usually be Color: based on dried, pinned specimens. The done using the original descriptions, because color of some specimens darkens considerably Ohaus often indicated the collecting locality, after death. collector, and/or type depository for specimens Body length: measured from the apex of the in the original descriptions of new species. clypeus to the apex of the elytron. The retroactively and erroneously labeled Body width: measured at the widest point of types are often evident because they have the elytra. slightly different type labels (the paper and Puncture density: dense = punctures sepa­ ink are often different), and the data label are rated by less than two puncture diameters to not congruent with the information given in punctures confluent; moderate = punctures the original description. separated by 2-6 puncture diameters; sparse = punctures separated by more than 6 punc­ ture diameters. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 13

Puncture size: large = 0.17 mm or larger; 12. Antennal club (males) not longer than moderately large = 0.08-0.17 mm; moderate = clypeal length (0); longer than clypeal 0.03-0.08 mm; small = 0.03 mm or smaller. length (1). Setae density: dense = setae completely 13. Antennal club (females) longer than other cover and obscure body surface; moderate = segments (0); approximately equal to setae completely cover body surface but sur­ other segments (1); slightly shorter than face clearly visible; sparse = setae do not cover other segments (2); approximately equal body surface and surface clearly visible. to segments 2-6 (in 9-segmented individu­ Protibial teeth: protibial first tooth = the als) or 2-7 (in 10-segmented individuals) apical tooth on the protibia; protibial second (3); shorter than segments 2-6 (in 9-seg­ tooth = the second tooth from the apex of the mented individuals) or 2-7 (in 10-seg­ protibia; protibial third tooth = the third tooth mented individuals) (4). from the apex of the protibia. 14. Labrum surface medially sparsely to moderately setose (0); densely punctate to Adult Morphological Character rugopunctate (1); convex with punctures Analysis obsolete (2). 15. Labrum with apical tooth reduced Puncture size and density, and several (small), triangular (Fig. 4) (0); broad other character states are defined in "Char­ (well-developed), triangular (Figs. 1, 3) acter Definition" section. The complete char­ (1); well-developed, truncate (Fig. 2) (2). acter matrix is in Appendix 1. 16. Labrum with apical tooth well-separated 1. Clypeal disc glabrous (or with a few from mentum (Fig. 4) (0); weakly overlap­ sparse lateral setae) (0); sparsely setose ping apex of mentum (Fig. 3) (1); strongly over whole surface (1); sparsely setose lat­ overlapping apex of mentum (Figs. 1-2) (2). erally (2); sparsely setose apically (3). 17. Mandibular molar region without lamel­ 2. Clypeal apex not reflexed (0); reflexed (1). lae (0); with 1-12 weakly developed lamel­ 3. Clypeal apex rounded (0); broadly lae (1); with over 14 strongly developed rounded (1); weakly trapezoidal (2); dis­ lamellae (2); with 8-12 strongly developed tinctly trapezoidal (3); rectangular (4). lamellae (3); with over 14 weakly devel­ 4. Frontoclypeal suture complete (0); incom­ oped lamellae (4). plete (1). 18. Right mandibular molar region without 5. Frons base sparsely punctate (0); moder­ diagonal lamellae at base of other lamel­ ately to densely punctate (1). lae (0); with diagonal lamellae at base of 6. Frons medioapically not depressed (0); other lamellae (1). depressed (1). 19. Mandibular apex forming thick cup (0); 7. Frons glabrous (0); scattered lateral setae forming thin blade (1). (1); sparsely setose laterally (2); moder­ 20. Mandibular scissorial region without me­ ately setose (3). dial tooth (0); with medial tooth (1). 8. Eyes well-separated from pronotum (0); 21. Maxilla outer tooth absent (0); simple (1); touching pronotum (1). bifurcate (2); cup-shaped (3). 9. Eyes well-separated (more than 4.7 trans­ 22. Maxilla second tooth absent (0); simple verse eye widths) (0); closer together (less (1); bifurcate (2); cup-shaped (3). than 4.5 transverse eye widths) (1). 23. Maxilla third tooth absent (0); simple (1); 10. Antenna lO-segmented (0); 9-segmented (1). bifurcate (2); cup-shaped (3). 11. Antennal club (males) longer than or ap­ 24. Apex of mentum with notch (Figs. 3-4) (0); proximately equal to other segments (0); with distinct tooth (1); with distinct tooth slightly shorter than other segments (1); curved into oral cavity (Figs. 1-2) (2). approximately equal to segments 2-6 (in 25. Mentum base medially flat (0); depressed 9-segmented individuals) or 2-7 (in 10- (1); with deep pits on either side of middle segmented individuals) (2). (Fig. 33) (2). 14 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig . 1. Platycoelia valida mouthparts. Fig. 2. Platycoelia grandicula mouthparts.

Fig. 3. Platycoelia chrysotina mouthparts. Fig. 4. Platycoelia signaticol/is mouthparts.

Fig. 5. Platycoelia abdominalis elytral apex. Fig. 6. Platycoelia valida elytral apex. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 15

26. Pronotal surface sparsely punctate (0); 32. Elytral intervals impunctate (0); sparsely moderately punctate (1); densely punc­ punctate (1); densely punctate (2). tate (2). 33. Elytron glabrous (0); sparsely setose at 27. Pronotal surface glabrous (0); sparsely se­ base (1). tose around margins (1); sparsely setose 34. Pygidium surface setose near apex (0); se­ (2); moderately setose (3). tose in apical half (1); entirely setose (2). 28. Pronotal punctures small (0); moderate to 35. Pygidial disc impunctate to sparsely moderately large (1); mixture of small punctate (0); moderately punctate to rug­ and moderate to moderately large (2). ose (1). 29. Elytral striae not impressed (0); weakly 36. Pygidium convex (0); flat to weakly con­ impressed (1); strongly impressed (2). vex (1). 30. Elytral sutural apex rounded or angled 37. Pygidium exposed (0); covered by elytra (1). (0); with nub or weak spine (Fig. 6) (1); 38. Mesothoracic process nub to weakly pro­ acute spine (Fig. 5) (2). jecting anteriorly (Fig. 10) (0); projecting 31. Elytral interval punctures small (0); mod­ anteriorly apically to mesocoxa (1); project­ erate (1). ing anteriorly to procoxa (Figs. 8-9) (2).

Fig. 7. Platycoelia mesosternalis mesothoracic Fig . 8. Platycoelia grandicula mesothoracic process. process.

Fig . 9. Platycoelia chrysotina mesothoracic process. Fig. 10. Platycoelia signaticollis mesothoracic process. 16 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

39. Mesothoracic process shape conical-elon­ 55. Modified protarsal claw (males) dorsoven­ gate (Figs. 8-9) (0); conical (length ap­ trally flattened (Figs. 12, 14) (0); diago­ proximately equal to base width) 0); nally flattened (Fig. 11) (1); laterally diamond-shaped (Fig. 7) (2); cylindrical flattened (Fig. 13) (2). (Fig. 10) (3). 56. Modified protarsal claw (males) more or 40. Metasternum densely setose (0); densely less evenly bifurcate (Fig. 14) (0); un­ setose (except medially) (1); moderately evenly bifurcate (Fig. 12) (1). setose (except medially) (2); sparsely se­ 57. Prounguitractor plate with 2 apical setae tose (3); glabrous (4); sparsely setose lat­ (0); with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta (1); erally (5). with 2 subapical setae (2). 41. Abdominal sternites glabrous (0); 58. Unguitractor plate flattened (0); cylindri­ sparsely setose (1); sparsely setose later­ cal (1). ally (2); moderately setose laterally (3). 59. Mesotibial widest medially (0); apically (1). 42. Apical abdominal spiracle flat (0); weakly 60. Mesotibia gracile, much narrower than everted (1); protuberant, cylindrical (Fig. mesofemur (0); robust, similar in width to 35) (2). mesofemur (1). 43. Protibial apical tooth (males) strongly ta­ 61. Mesotarsomere 4 (males) without apical pered to a sharp point (Fig. 36) (0); trian­ stridulatory ridge (0); with apical stridu­ gular (1). latory ridge (1). 44. Protibial second tooth (males) absent 62. Mesotarsomere 5 without tooth or swell­ (Fig. 36) (0); short, obsolete (1); subequal ing (0); with internomedial tooth (1); with in size to apical tooth (2). internobasal tooth (2). 45. Protibial third tooth (males) absent (Fig. 63. Modified mesotarsal claw (males) with 36) (0); small, obsolete (1). apex bifurcate, dorsoventrally flattened 46. Protibial second tooth (males) evenly (0); with ventral tooth (1). separated from apical tooth (0); adjacent 64. Mesounguitractor plate with 2 apical se­ to apical tooth (1). tae (0); with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta (1); 47. Protibial spur absent (0); present (1). with 2 subapical setae (2). 48. Protibial spur apex extending past adja­ 65. Metatibial widest medially (0); apically (1). cent tibial apex (0); apex approximately 66. Metatibia gracile, much narrower than even with adjacent tibial apex (1); apex metafemer (0); robust, similar in width to shorter than adjacent tibial apex (2). metafemur (1). 49. Protibial third tooth (females) small, ob­ 67. Metatarsomere 4 (males) without apical solete (0); subequal in size to second tooth stridulatory ridge (0); with apical stridu­ (1). latory ridge (1). 50. Protibial teeth (females) all subequally 68. Metatarsomere 5 without tooth or swell­ separated (0); with apical 2 teeth adja­ ing (0); with internomedial tooth (1); with cent, third well separated (1). internobasal tooth (2). 51. Protarsomere 3 (males) with distinct, api­ 69. Modified metatarsal claw (males) with cal stridulatory patch (0); without dis­ apex bifurcate, dorsoventrally flattened tinct, apical stridulatory patch (1). (0); with ventral tooth (1). 52. Protarsomere 5 (males) with stridulatory 70. Metaunguitractor plate with 2 apical se­ surface present (0); with stridulatory sur­ tae (0); with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta (1); face absent (1). with 2 subapical setae (2). 53. Protarsomere 5 (males) without medio­ 71. Phallobase length shorter than para­ ventral tooth (0); with medial medioven­ meres (0); longer than parameres (1). tral tooth (1); with apical medioventral 72. Parameres fused to phallobase (0); sepa­ tooth (2). rated from phallobase by suture (1). 54. Protarsomere 5 (males) with latero­ 73. Parameres fused together at base and ventral tooth absent (0); with latero­ medially (0); completely separated by su­ ventral tooth present (1). ture (1). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 17

Fig. 11 . Platycoelia alternans male protarsal claw. Fig. 12 . Platycoelia valida male protarsal claw.

Fig. 13. Platycoelia grandicula male protarsal claw. Fig. 14. Platycoelia chrysotina male protarsal claw.

74. Paramere with apex dorsoventrally flat- dorsal to ventral setose patch (2); with in- tened (Figs. 28-29) (0); rounded (Figs. 25- ternal setose patch (3). 27, 30-32) (1). 79. Parameres medially with sclerotized 75. Paramere with apex not expanded (Figs. parts in contact (0); with unsclerotized 21, 23-24) (0); expanded (Figs. 15-16, 20) area (1). (1); greatly expanded (Figs. 17,22) (2). 80. Frons color similar to clypeal color (0); 76. Paramere with apex laterally without darker than clypeal color (1). striae (0); with diagonal striae (Fig. 26) (1). 81. Pronotal dark maculations absent (0); de- 77. Parameres apicolaterally without trian- tectable but obsolete (1); well-defined (2). gular hook (0); with triangular hook (Figs. 82. Frons color similar to pronotal and elytral 18-19) (1). color (0); lighter than pronotal and elytral 78. Parameres apically without setose patch color (1); darker than pronotal and elytral (0); with ventral setose patch (1); with color (2). 18 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig . 15. P/atycoe/ia a/temans Fig . 16. P/atycoe/ia inflata Fig. 17. P/atycoe/ia prasina parameres. parameres. parameres.

Fig . 18. P/atycoelia abdomina/is Fig. 19. P/atycoe/ia occidenta/is Fig . 20 . P/atycoe/ia forcipalis parameres. parameres. parameres. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 19

Fig. 21 . Platycoelia f/avostriata parameres. Fig. 22. Platycoelia puncticollis parameres.

Fig. 23. Platycoelia parva parameres. Fig. 24. Platycoelia haenkei parameres. 20 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 25 . Platycoelia altemans phallobase and Fig . 26. Platycoelia valida phallobase and paramere. paramere.

Fig. 27. Platycoelia peruviana phallobase and Fig. 28. Platycoelia forcipalis phallobase and paramere. paramere.

Fig . 29. Platycoelia flavostriata phallobase and Fig. 30. Platycoelia puncticollis phallobase and paramere. paramere.

Fig . 31. Platycoelia butleri phallobase and Fig . 32. Platycoelia parva phallobase and paramere. paramere. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 21

83. Dorsal color dark brown to black (0); tan (1); yellow/green (2); brown (3). 84. Elytron with longitudinal lines at inter­ val 2, base of stria 1 absent (0); present (1). 85. Elytron with longitudinal lines on striae 3 and 5 absent (0); weakly defined (1); well-defined on stria 5 (2); well-defined on striae 3 and 5 (3). 86. Elytron with distinct, yellow suture ab­ sent (0); thin (1); thick (extending to stria 1) (2). 87. Elytron with thick black suture line ab­ sent (0); present (1). 88. Metasternum color green, yellow, or tan (0), dark brown to black (at least medi­ Fig. 33 . P/atycoe/ia rufosignata mentum. ally) (1); with dark medial spot (2); with reddish-brown medial stripe (Fig. 34) (3). 89. Abdominal sternite color green, yellow, tan (0); dark brown to black (at least me­ dially) (1); with dark apical and basal margins (2); reddish-brown (3). 90. Pygidium color similar to dorsal surface (0); darker than dorsal surface (1); lighter than dorsal surface (2). 91. Mesothoracic process color similar to metasternum color (0); lighter than metasternum color (1).

Fig . 34. P/atycoelia abdomina/is metasternum.

Fig. 35. P/atycoelia parva apical spiracle. Fig . 36 . P/atycoelia inflata male protibia. 22 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Phylogenetic Protocol tention index of 0.724 for this tree is consis­ tent with a matrix of this size and suggests Initially, all characters were weighted that the characters in general support mono­ equally and unordered. The character matrix phyletic clades. The trees were evaluated us­ was analyzed in PAUP* using a heuristic ing a bootstrap method with full heuristic search. The following settings were used for search with 100 replicates (Fig. 37). the heuristic search: 1) keep: best trees only; 2) starting trees for branch-swapping: get by TAXONOMIC METHODS AND stepwise addition; 3) when multiple starting MATERIALS trees exist: swap on best only; 4) addition se­ quence: simple; 5) hold 1 tree at each step; 6) Specimens swapping algorithm: TBR; 7) save multiple trees (MuITrees); 8) when saving N best trees: Specimens were borrowed from and de­ swap on best trees only. Under parsimony op­ posited in the following 68 institutions and tions: multistate taxa the polymorphism set­ private collections (collections managers / cu­ ting was selected. The heuristic search rators listed in parenthesis). A total of 4,785 yielded 851 most parsimonious trees of the specimens formed the basis of this revision. length 174 with consistency index 0.400, re­ All specimens examined were labeled with a tention index 0.715, and rescaled consistency distinctive double-bordered determination la­ index 0.286. The consistency index is a mea­ bel or one of my red or yellow type labels. sure of homoplasy (rate of character conver­ gence) on a scale of 0 to 1; the retention index ABTS Andrew B. T. Smith Collection, is a measure of synapomorphic characters Lincoln, NE supporting monophyletic groups which is on AMNH American Museum of Natural a scale of 0 to 1; and the rescaled consistency History, New York, NY (Lee index is a product of the other two indices Herman) (Maddison and Maddison 2002). ANCB Museo de Historia Natural, La Paz, Mter an initial heuristic search, the char­ Bolivia (Jaime Sarmiento) acters were reweighted in PAUP* using the ANSP Academy of Natural Sciences, following settings: 1) reweight characters ac­ Philadelphia, PA (Donald Azuma) cording to: consistency index; 2) if more than AJRC Alex Reifschneider Collection, one tree, use: maximum value (best fit); and Sierra Madre, CA 3) base weight = 1. This technique is called ARLG Andreas Reichenbach Collection, successive weighting (Farris 1969) and uses Leipzip, Germany the results of the first analysis to reweight BCRC Brett C. Ratcliffe Collection, Lin­ each character based on homoplasy. Mter the coln, NE characters were reweighted; a new heuristic BDGC Bruce D. Gill Collection, Ottawa, search was performed. Stability was reached ON, Canada after one iteration (further character BMNH The Natural History Museum, reweighting yielded the same trees). The London, England (Malcolm Kerley) successive weighting yielded 9 equally par­ CASC California Academy of Sciences, San simonious trees with a length of 157.5, con­ Francisco, CA (Roberta Brett) sistency index of 0.401, retention index of CBAC Carlos Bord6n Collection, Maracay, 0.724, and rescaled consistency index of Venezuela 0.290 (see Fig. 37 for a strict consensus tree CMNC Canadian Museum of Nature, of the 9 equally parsimonious trees and Fig. Ottawa, ON, Canada (Franvois 38 for a phylogram of one tree). The consis­ Genier) tency index of 0.401 for this tree is reason­ CMNH Carnegie Museum of Natural able for a matrix of this size (Meier et al. History, Pittsburgh, PA (Robert 1991). This indicates that homoplasy is not a Davidson) major concern with the matrix and charac­ ter weights used in the final analysis. The re- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 23

CNCI Canadian National Collection of Bellevue, PQ, Canada (Terry Insects, Ottawa, ON, Canada (Yves Wheeler, Stephanie Boucher) Bousquet) MACN Museo Argentino de Ciencias DEIC Deutsches Entomologisches Naturales Buenos Aires, Argentina Institut, Eberswalde, Germany (Axel O. Bachmann) (Lothar Zerche) MCZC Museum of Comparative Zoology, DCCC David C. Carlson Collection, Fair Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Oaks, CA (Philip Perkins) DCHC David C. Hawks Collection, River- MGFT Georg Frey Collection (formerly in side, CA Tutzing and Munich, Germany), DJCC Daniel J. Curoe Collection, Palo Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Alto, CA Switzerland (Daniel Burckhardt) EAPZ Escuela Agricola Panamericana, MIZA Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Zamorano, Honduras (Ron Cave) Agricola "Francisco Fernandez EGRC Ed G. Riley Collection, College Yepez," Universidad Central de Station, TX Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela EMEC Essig Museum of Entomology, (Luis Joly) University of California, Berkeley, MLJC Mary Liz Jameson Collection, CA (Cheryl Barr) Lincoln, NE FCOC Federico C. Ocampo Collection, MLPA Departamento de Entomologia, Lincoln, NE Universidad Nacional de La Plata, FMNH Field Museum of Natural History, La Plata, Argentina (Juan Alberto Chicago, IL (Al Newton, Margaret Schnack) Thayer, Philip Parrillo) MLUH Martin-Luther-Universitat, FGIC Frangois Genier Collection, Aylmer, Wissenschaftsbereich Zoologie, PQ, Canada Halle, Germany (Karla Schneider) FSCA Florida State Collection of MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Arthropods, Gainesville, FL (Mike Naturelle, Paris, France (Jean Thomas, Brenda Beck) Menier) HAHC Henry and Anne Howden Collection, MNNC Museo Nacional de Historia Natu­ Ottawa, ON, Canada ral, Santiago, Chile (Mario Elgueta) HNHM Magyar Termeszettudomanyi MXAL Miguel Angel Moron Collection, Muzeum, Budapest, Hungary (Otto Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico Merkl) NHMB Entomologische Abeilung, HSIC Hacienda San Isidro Collection, Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Cosanga, Ecuador (Carmen Switzerland (Daniel Burckhardt) Bustamante) NMPC National Museum of Natural INBC Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad History, Prague, Czech Republic (INBio), Santo Domingo de Heredia, (Josef Jelinek) Costa Rica (Angel Solis) OSAC Oregon State University, Corvallis, ISNB Institut Royal des Sciences OR (Darlene Judd) Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, PKLC Paul K. Lago Collection, University, Belgium (Pol Limbourg, Alain MS Drumont) QCAZ Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia JMMC Jean-Michel Maes Collection, Leon, Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Nicaragua Quito, Ecuador (Giovanni Onore) LACM Los Angeles County Museum of RACC Rich A. Cunningham Collection, Natural History, Los Angeles, CA Chino, CA (Brian Brown) RFMC Roy F. Morris Collection, Lakeland, LEMQ Lyman Entomological Museum, FL McGill University, Ste. Anne de 24 BULLETIN OF THE UNlVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

ROME Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Catalog Format ON, Canada (Doug Currie, Brad Hubley) The catalog section lists all names herein SEMC Snow Entomological Museum, considered valid within the subtribe Platy­ University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS coeliina (subtribal, generic, species). Under (Steve Ashe) each species of Platycoelia are names used in SLTC Stephane Le Tirant Collection, the literature for the valid species. All names Lachenaie, PQ, Canada are included as they appeared in the original SMFD Forschungsinstitut und literature, including valid names, available Naturmuseum Senckenberg, names (synonyms), misspelled names (laps us Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany calami), unavailable names (nomina nuda, (Damir Kovac) varieties, etc.) that have no nomenclatural SMTD Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde, status, and misapplied names (when the au­ Dresden, Germany (Dirk Ahrens) thor misidentified a taxon or misused a TAMU Texas A&M University, College name). Each name is followed by a list of ref­ Station, TX (Ed Riley) erences (separated by semicolons) in which UAIC University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ that name appeared. Each reference includes (Carl Olson) the author, date, and beginning page(s) of the UCCC Museo de Zoologia, Universidad de passage(s) mentioning the taxon as well as Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile the nature of the content in square brackets. (Viviane Jerez) UCDC R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomol­ Type Specimens ogy, University of California, Davis, CA (Steve Heydon, Lynn Kimsey) I attempted to examine all traceable type UCRC Entomology Museum, University of material for Platycoelia species-group names. California, Riverside, CA (Doug For all type specimens, the depository is listed Yanega, Dave Hawks) and all of the labels are transcribed for ease UMRM W. R. Enns Entomology Museum, of future location and recognition. I placed a University of Missouri, Columbia, red label on all of the holotypes, allotypes, lec­ MO (Robert Sites) totypes, and neotypes and a yellow label on all UNSM University of Nebraska State ofthe paratypes and paralectotypes examined Museum, Lincoln, NE (Brett during the course of my research on the ge­ Ratcliffe, Mary Liz Jameson) nus. A number of specimens examined had USNM United States National Museum, type labels of some form but proved not to be Washington, D.C. (Dave Furth, part ofthe original type series. I labeled these Gloria House) specimens "erroneous type label" or "not a UVGC Universidad del Valle de Guate­ type of ..." in order to facilitate their recogni­ mala, Guatemala City, Guatemala tion. (Jack Schuster) Ohaus (1904b) described a few "varieties" VMCP Vladislav Maly Collection, Prague, of Platycoelia species. I have determined that Czech Republic these names are infrasubspecific and there­ ZMHB Museum fur Naturkunde der fore not regulated by the International Code Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin, of Zoological Nomenclature (hereafter re­ Germany (Hella Wendt) ferred to as ICZN). Article 45.6.4 states that ZMUH Zoologisches Institut und names described as "varieties" published be­ Zoologisches Museum der fore 1961 are subspecific "unless its author Universitat Hamburg, Germany expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank, or the (Rudolf Abraham) content of the work unambiguously reveals ZSMC Zoologische Staatssammlung that the name was proposed for an infrasub­ Munchen, Germany (Max specific entity, in which case it is infra­ Kubandner, Alexander Riedel) subspecific." Ohaus (1904b) described both MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 25 subspecies AND varieties in the same paper pomacea Erichson, P. pomacea brasiliensis (implication of different "ranks"), and the Ohaus, P. prasina Erichson, P. pulchrior varieties were based on slightly different Ohaus, P. puncticollis Ohaus, P. quadrilineata traits of coloration. These facts unam­ Burmeister, P. rufosignata Ohaus, P. biguously reveal that Ohaus' varieties were scutellata Guerin-Meneville, P. simplicior proposed for infrasubspecific entities. Ohaus, P. steinheili Ohaus, P. tschudii Ohaus, Infrasubspecific entities are not regulated P. unguicularis Ohaus, P. valida Burmeister, by the ICZN. Ohaus (1904b) described the P. variolosa Ohaus, P. wallisi Ohaus. I con­ new species P. nigrosternalis and P. sider that lectotypes are necessary for these puncticollis with varieties in the same publi­ names due to the long history of taxonomic cation. The specimens used in the descrip­ confusion of some species and names in this tions of the varieties are excluded from the genus. It is particularly critical because early type series of the nominal species-groups authors did not explicitly state how many taxon in these cases. Article 72.4.1 of the specimens where in the original type series. ICZN states that specimens referred to by Information about collecting locality and date, name as "distinct variants" are excluded from collector, and type depository were also often the type series. omitted. This makes it impossible to deter­ mine with a high degree of accuracy what Designation of Lectotypes and and where the ENTIRE type series is. If lec­ Neotypes totypes are not designated, then the possibil­ ity will remain that "rogue" syntypes will Article 74.7.3 of the ICZN requires surface and destabilize the application of the that designations of lectotypes after 1999 name to that taxon. Platycoelia, and many must "contain an express statement of other groups of scarabs, have had many spe­ the taxonomic purpose of the designation" cies described based on mixed series of speci­ (International Commission on Zoological mens later considered to represent multiple Nomenclature 1999). Lectotypes are des­ species. ignated in the genus Platycoelia in order The ICZN requires that a designation of to preserve the stability of nomenclature by a neotype "is validly designated when there selecting one specimen as the sole, name­ is an exceptional need and only when that bearing type ofthe taxon. The lectotype speci­ need is stated expressly" (Article 75.3). As men serves to tie the published name to an with the lectotype designations, two neotypes actual specimen and as a reference standard are designated in the genus Platycoelia in or­ for the taxon. Lectotypes were selected for the der to preserve the stability of nomenclature following names: Callichloris baessleri Ohaus, by selecting one specimen as the sole, name­ C. bocki Ohaus, C. helleri Ohaus, C. bearing type of the taxon when the original signaticollis Burmeister, Leucopelaea baron is name-bearing type specimen(s) were lost or Ohaus, Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, P. destroyed. The neotype specimen serves to tie abdominalis Ohaus, P. alternans Erichson, P. the published name to an actual specimen boliviensis Blanchard, P. burmeisteri Arrow, P. and as a reference standard for the taxon. burmeisteri Ohaus, P. chrysotina Ohaus, P. Other qualifying conditions for designating confluens Ohaus, P. flavoscutellata Ohaus, P. valid neotypes in section 75.3 of the code are forcipalis Ohaus, P. gaujoni Ohaus, P. hirta satisfied in the discussions and descriptions Ohaus, P. humeralis Bates, P. inflata Ohaus, of the individual species. A neotype was se­ P. inflata tucumana Ohaus, P. intermedia lected for Callichloris alticola Gutierrez and Ohaus, P. laevis Burmeister, P. limbata Callichloris laelaps Gutierrez. I consider that Ohaus, P. lutescens Blanchard, P. marginata neotypes are necessary for this names due to Burmeister, P. mesosternalis Ohaus, P. the history of taxonomic confusion of species nervosa Kirsch, P. nigrocauda Bates, P. and names in this genus. Until revisionary nigrosternalis Ohaus, P. occidentalis Ohaus, work is done on long-neglected groups such as P. olivacea Blanchard, P. parva Kirsch, P. Platycoelia, the taxonomy and classification 26 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM are "complex zoological problems" and there There are sometimes anomalous individuals is doubt surrounding the identities of all spe­ that have unusual traits or have been mal­ cies and names. formed during development. Size and colora­ tion of some species many vary widely from Species Concept year to year, depending on the amount of rain, food availability, temperature, etc. Some I utilize the Phylogenetic Species Concept populations also may exhibit phenotypic outlined by Wheeler and Platnick (2000): spe­ variation of certain traits at different levels cies are the smallest aggregation of popula­ from other populations. There is also the pos­ tions diagnosable by a unique combination of sibility of some low level of interspecific character states. Each species description is breeding and gene flow between closely re­ a scientific hypothesis. The number of speci­ lated species. Ideally, a taxonomist would ex­ mens examined (given at the beginning of amine large series of specimens from single each description) is the number of replicates collecting events and from different geo­ studied. Character states are used to support graphic areas within the distribution of a the hypothesis that all the individuals exam­ given species to get a full appreciation of the ined are of the same species. The different intraspecific variation. Unfortunately, this is species can be recognized by a unique combi­ often a luxury we do not have. The opposing nation of character states because they are forces of overwhelming species richness of in­ isolated genetically from other species (in sects and disappearing habitats, research dol­ sexual organisms such as Platycoelia). Popu­ lars, and expertise make career-long lation genetics has demonstrated the inevita­ taxonomic studies oflimited groups impracti­ bility of character state fixation due to various cal. forces, including genetic drift and natural se­ Because all proposed species are scientific lection. Different character states will become hypotheses, examining more specimens and fixed in different species due to genetic isola­ specimens from different localities and popu­ tion. As is generally true, the strength of the lations can test their validity. I expect that hypothesis (species description) increases some of my Platycoelia species designations with the number of replicates (specimens) ex­ will have to be slightly modified as more amined. Not all species are equally diagnosable. specimens become available. Some are easily recognized by examining one I have not seen a compelling argument individual with a unique set of characters (for for maintaining subspecific names in the con­ example a male with radically different text of the phylogenetic species concept. In parameres), and some must be proposed only fact, subspecies concepts all seem subjective after many individuals from different popula­ and reliant on the whims of the experts on tions are examined (when species have the given group to determine what popula­ recently diverged or have not changed drasti­ tions are deserving of the status. To me, this cally since their divergence so fixed character harks back to the days before cladistic analy­ states are difficult to recognize). These analy­ sis when taxonomic authorities would present ses must be done in the context of other intuitive phylogenies as fact. I am not op­ closely related species. Examining intraspe­ posed, on principle, to naming subspecies, but cific variation within closely related species is I have yet to find an objective set of criteria an important tool in distinguishing fixed for determining whether different populations character states from phenotypic traits that warrant subspecific status. Therefore, I do not vary within a population or species. When recognize subspecies as valid taxa in this traits are mistaken for fixed character states, work. Ohaus (1904b) proposed two subspecific the number of species can be overestimated. names within Platycoelia. Types of each were No species description (hypothesis) is ac­ examined and determined to be synonymous curate for all of the individuals in a species. with the nominal species. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 27

PHYLOGENETIC PATTERNS (1965). This group is widespread in South AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC America, occurring mainly in the Montane IMPLICATIONS Wet Forest regions on the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from Venezuela to Argen­ The genus Platycoelia occurs in montane tina. areas of Central and South America. Smith A second clade (Fig. 37, clade 2) within (2002a) hypothesized thatPlatycoelia or simi­ Platycoelia consists of four species. Species of lar progenitors have been present in South this clade have no yellow longitudinal lines on America since the late Cretaceous to early elytral striae 3 and 5 (character 85); a broad, Tertiary. As the Gondwana supercontinent triangular labral tooth that strongly overlaps broke up by the early Tertiary, the Australian with the mentum (characters 15, 16); cup­ and Neotropical Anoplognathini became iso­ shaped inner and outer maxillary teeth lated. Howden (1981), Newton (1985), and (characters 21, 23); the apex of the mentum Thayer (1985) discuss similar southern hemi­ with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ spheric distributional patterns in other beetle ity (character 24); protarsal claws of males groups. Andean uplift and climate-driven modified greatly and unevenly bifurcate ecozone changes have undoubtedly lead to (character 56); and an expanded apex of each numerous speciation events within Platycoe­ paramere (character 75). This clade is simi­ lia. Similar patterns have been discussed with lar to the "valida group" of Machatschke regards to the other Neotropical Anoplogna­ (1965). Although there are few species in this thini by Smith (2002a) for Brachysternina and clade, it is a widespread group in South Smith and Moron (2003) for Phalangogonia. America occurring from the Andes Mountains Platycoelia has several synapomorphic of Colombia to Bolivia and the highlands of character states not found in Phalangogonia. central Brazil. This clade contains the only They include protibial spur present (charac­ species (P. pomacea) that occurs in the Bra­ ter 47); unguitractor plate cylindrical (charac­ zilian central highlands. With only one spe­ ter 58); mesotibia and meta tibia gracile cies of Platycoelia occurring in the Brazilian (characters 60, 66); males with modified meta­ highlands, it may represent a more recent tarsal claw with a ventral tooth (character 69); range expansion or that species of Platycoelia parameres not fused to phallobase, npt fused were present in the region prior to the orog­ together (characters 72, 73). The species ofthe eny ofthe Andes Mountains. Based on my pre­ genus Platycoelia fall into four major clades vious research (Smith 2002a), either senario (see Figs. 37-38). Each clade is discussed in is possible because Platycoelia has occurred in detail below. South America since the late Cretaceous. The basal clade (Fig. 37, clade 1) of Platy­ Another large clade (Fig. 37, clade 3) con­ coelia consists of eight species. Species ofthis sists of 14 species. Species of this clade have clade have a broad, triangular labral tooth a well-developed, truncate apical tooth on the that strongly overlaps with the mentum labrum that overlaps with the mentum (characters 15, 16); a cup-shaped outer max­ (characters 15, 16); apex of the mentum with illary tooth (character 21); the apex of men­ a distinct tooth curved into oral cavity (char­ tum with a distinct tooth curved into the oral acter 24); densely punctate surface of the cavity (character 24); 9-segmented antennae pronotum (character 26); elongated, strongly (character 10); reduced dentition on the male convex elytra capable of covering the py­ protibia (characters 44, 45); protarsomere 5 of gidium (character 37); apex of the protibia males with an apical medioventral tooth spur usually much shorter than adjacent (character 53); and the apex of each paramere tibial apex (character 48); mesotarsomere 5 expanded with a setose patch extending from and metatarsomere 5 usually with an the dorsal to ventral surface (characters 75, internobasal tooth (character 62,68); and the 78). This clade is similar to the "marginata apex of each paramere strongly, dorsoven­ group" of Ohaus (1918) and "marginata trally flattened with a setose patch on the group" plus "alternans group" ofMachatschke ventral surface (characters 74, 78). This clade 28 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

is similar to the "flavostriata group" plus Andes Mountains in Colombia has probably "humeral is group" of Machatschke (1965). facilitated speciation within the clade. The clade occurs throughout the Andes Moun­ The largest and most morphologically tains from Venezuela to Bolivia, as well as diverse clade (Fig. 37, clade 4) consists of 34 Central America. It appears that members of species. Species of this clade have the elytral this clade dispersed to Central America on at striae weakly impressed (character 29); least two separate occasions, as P. grandicula elytral apices are not elongated or strongly and P. humeralis are both members of this convex, incapable of completely covering the clade, but are not sister taxa. This clade is pygidium (character 37); mesotarsomere 4 and most diverse in the northern Andes Moun­ metatarsomere 4 in males without an apical, tains with many (apparently) parapatric spe­ stridulatory ridge (characters 61, 67); meso­ cies in adjacent regions of Colombia and tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 usually northern Ecuador. The isolation of popula­ without an internal tooth or swelling (charac­ tions between the three cordilleras of the ters 62, 68); mesounguitractor plate and ,..------______Phalan,{ogol1ia sperata Plafl/coelia abdominalis clade 2 Plafycoelia pomacea Plattjcoelia occidentalis Plafycoelia valida Plafycoelia aelligma Platycoelia inca Plati/caefia haenkei Plati/coelia laelap,s L....___ Platt/coelia alticola 1.-____ Plaftjcoelia bocki L....______PlatycoeJia baessleri L....______Plati/coelia kirschi L....______PlatVcoelia insolita Platl;coclia furva Plafycoelia quadrilineata PlafycoC/ia rufosi~nata Plaftjcoefia he1leri 82 Pia tijcoelia ignota Platljcoclia slgnaticollis Pia fycoelia bordOlli 75 Piatlfcoelia parva ""-""1--- Plafycoelia galljol1i L....______--1 Platljcoe/ia lJUsilla L....___ Plati/coelia lutesCfns Plafftcoelia burmeisteri 63 Plafycoelia traceyae Pliltycoelia U'alilsi 1.-______PII7f!jcoe/ia fial'oscutellatl7 clade 4 1.-______Pll7tljcoeiil7vutieri Pll7fycoclia altir.lalll7 77 PIa tt/coelil7 (011"fiU£'115 Piaf'1{coelil7 c/zrlfsotina PlatycoeJia hirfa Platycoelill f/llvoimmeralis ---...- Pilltycoelillsteillheili Platycoelia burmeisteriallll P1atilcoelia pl/Hcticol/is PlatiJcoelia unguicull7ris 1.-______Plafycoelia mesosternalis ....------Plaftjcoelia col1vexa ....------Platifcoelia f/avostriafa Plalr/coe/ia '5rt7ndicuia Plati;coeiialliporum Platycoelia paucarae 1.-___ Platycoeiia l'ariolosa Platljcoelia interstincta L~===== Platljcoelia lzumeralis 1.-______Plafycoelia intermedia 1.-______Plalr/coC/ia ni:<,rosternalis clade 3 L....______Piatljcoelia ,{riierana L....______Platlfcoelia penai 76 L....______Platifcoelia sandia 1.-______PlatiJcodia {iJrcipalis 1.-______Platljcoelia·peruvial1a Platycoelia altemalls 90 Platycoelia Ilcn'osa Plafijcoelia inf/ata clade 1 71 Plafycoelia margil1ata Platt/coclia meriiicllsis Plati/coelia pmsina L....___ Plaftjcoelia simpiicior 1.-____ Platycoelia selmlderi Fig. 37. Strict consensus tree of the species in the genus Platycoelia based on 9 equally parsimonious trees with bootstrap support values for the clades. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 29

metaunguitractor plate usually with 1 apical, moist habitats from Venezuela to northern 1 subapical seta (characters 64, 70); and each Peru above continuous treeline. The Puna re­ paramere apically rounded, usually not ex­ gion is an extensive area in Peru, Bolivia, panded, and usually without a setose patch and northern Argentina above continuous (characters 74, 75, 78). This clade was part of treeline but much drier than the Paramo re­ the "flavostriata group" of Ohaus (1904b) and gion. Several species in this clade have ad­ was split into various groups by Machatschke aptations and modifications that presumably (1965). The clade is found in the Andes Moun­ allow for survival in harsh, montane condi­ tains from Venezuela to Bolivia. Members of tions present in the Paramo and Puna regions. this clade generally occur in the Montane The increasing elevation of the Andes Moun­ Wet Forest regions on the eastern slope of the tains throughout the Tertiary resulted in the Andes Mountains but several groups also oc­ Paramo and Puna regions and probably fa­ cur in the high elevation Paramo and Puna cilitated speciation within this clade of regions. The Paramo region is a patchwork of Platycoelia . ...------_=_ Phnlangol(onia sp,erata Platyeaelia'aviiominalis Platyeaelia pomacca I..---Ir-: Platycoelia occidentalis Platycoelia valida Platyeaelia aenigma Platycoclia inca . Platycoelia haenkei Plalt{coelia laelaps Platycoelia alticola Platycoeiia bocki Platycoelia /Jaessleri Platycoelia kirschi Plalt/coelia insolita Platycoelidfurva Pldlttcoelia quadrilineata Pldh/coelia rufosignnta 'Platycoelia helleri Plafljcoe/ia ignota Platycaelin signaticollis Plalycoelia bardoni Platgcoelia parva Platycaelia gaLljani Platitcoelia pustlIa Plaltjcoe/ia lutescens --.r---:=:--- Platyeaeiia burmeisteri Platycoelw tracel{ae Plaljicoelia wallisl Platycnelia fiavoscutellata Platy,coeiiavutleri 'Platycoelia aitip,lantl Platycoeiia cOIl'f/uens Platl/.coelia chrlf~ati1w 'Platycoelia hirta Platyeoelia jliIVohu11leralis . Platycoelia steinheili I'latycoelia bUI"11lcisferiana L-....------=. Platyeaelia pUHeficalIis I'lalt{coelia un,\uicularis Platycoelia mesasternalis . Plal]jcoelia cOllvexa Platycoelia galerana Pliitycoeliaflavostrinta . Platycaelia '{randicula Platycaelia I1lparu11l I'latycoelia pallcarae PlatJ/coelia variolosa PlatYL'oelia interstincta Platj;,coelia humeralis Platt/corlia intermedia Platy,coelia nigrosternalis PlatJ/coelia penai' Platl/coelia sandia Platycoelia jorcipalis I'latycoelia perllvwlw Pliifl/coellll alternan5 Platycoelia nCfvosa Plafycoelia inf/afa _~- Platyeoelia marginata Plalttcoelia meridensis Platycoelia prasina Platycoellll simpliciar Platycoelz'a selanderi -1 change

Fig. 38. Phylogram of the species in the genus Platycoelia. This is one of the 9 equally parsimonious trees found after successive approximation weighting. The treelength = 157.5; consistency index =0.401; retention index 0.724; rescaled consistency index = 0.290. 30 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Key to the N eotropical Genera of Anoplognathini

1. Elytral margin with clear, membranous border (best seen at apex of elytra). Central Chile and Argentina to Tierra del Fuego (Brachysternina) ...... 2 1'. Elytral margin without clear membranous border. Central Mexico to north- ern Argentina ...... 4 2(1). Vnguitractor plate with 3 or more setae. Elytron bearing white, scale-like setae (sometimes absent due to abrasion). Claws simple. Tarsomere 5 with ventromedial tooth ...... Hylamorpha Arrow 2'. Unguitractor plate with 2 setae. Elytron glabrous or bearing white to or­ ange, hair-like, slender or thick setae. Claws split, toothed, or simple (if simple, then tarsomere 5 without tooth). Tarsomere 5 with or without ven- tromedial tooth...... 3 3(2'). Dorsal color green. Pygidium and abdominal sternites with distinct thick, white setae (especially laterally at base) when viewed without magnifica­ tion. Apex offemale terminal abdominal sternite moderately to deeply emar- ginate. Male paramere with ventral and lateral sclerites ...... Brachysternus Guerin-Meneville 3'. Dorsal color brown to olive green. Pygidium and abdominal sternites usu­ ally with hair-like, slender, inconspicuous setae when viewed without mag­ nification. Apex of female terminal abdominal sternite rounded. Male paramere lacking ventral and lateral sclerites ...... Aulacopalpus Guerin-Meneville 4(1'). Protibial spur absent. Mesotibia and metatibia robust, similar in thickness to femora. Tarsomeres robust, thickened, often wider than long. Central Mexico to Panama. (Phalangogoniina) ...... Phalangogonia Burmeister 4'. Protibial spur present. Mesotibia and metatibia slender in comparison with femora. Tarsomeres not thickened, often longer than wide. Central Mexico to northern Argentina. (Platycoeliina) ...... Platycoelia Dejean Clave para los generos neotropicales de Anoplognathini

1. Margen elitral con borde mebranoso bien definido (mas notorio en el apice del elitro). Chile Central y Argentina hasta Tierra del Fuego (Brachysternina) ...... 2 1'. Margen elitral sin borde mebranoso bien definido. Mexico Central hasta el norte de Argentina ...... 4 2(1). L6bulo del unguitractor con tres 0 mas setas. Elitro con setas como escamas blancas (a veces ausentes por abrasi6n). Vilas simples. Tars6mero 5 con diente ventromediaL ...... Hylamorpha Arrow 2'. L6bulo del unguitractor con dos setas. Elitro glabro 0 con gruesas setas como pelos blancas 0 anaranjadas. Vilas bifurcadas con diente 0 simples (si es simple entonces el tars6mero 5 no tiene diente). Tars6mero 5 con 0 sin diente ventromedial ...... 3 3(2'). Color dorsal verde. Pigidio y esternitos abdominals con setas blancas (especialmente en la parte lateral de la base) claramente vistas sin magnifi­ caci6n. Apice del esternito terminal de la hembra moderadamente a profun- damente emarginado. Paramero del macho con escleritos laterals ...... Brachysternus Guerin-Meneville 3'. Color dorsal marr6n a verde oliva. Pigidio y esternitos abdominals con finas e insconspicuas setas como pelos cuando vistas sin magnificacion. Apice del esternito terminal de la hembra moderadamente redondeado. Paramero del macho sin escleritos laterals 0 ventrales ...... Aulacopalpus Guerin-Meneville MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 31

4(1'). Espina de la protibia ausente. Mesotibia y metatibia robustas, de igual grosor que los femures. Tarsomeros robustos, gruesos, usualmente mas anchos que largos. Mexico Central hasta Panama. (Phalangogoniina) ...... Phalangogonia Burmeister 4'. Espina de la protibia presente. Mesotibia y metatibia delgadas, mas delgadas en comparacion con los femures. Tarsomeros nos robustos, usualmente mas largos que anchos. Mexico Central hasta Argentina. (Platycoeliina) ...... Platycoelia Dejean

Subtribe PLATYCOELIINA [checklist]; Burmeister 1844:432, 436, 451, Burmeister, 1844 452 [key to genera of Anoplognathidae, de­ scription]; Blanchard 1845:217 [catalog list­ Platycoeliina Burmeister, 1844 (valid name) ing]; Erichson 1847:99 [catalog listing]; CATALOG. Platycoeliidae, Burmeister 1844: Blanchard 1851:227 [catalog listing]; 451 [original description]; Ohaus 1904b:257, Burmeister 1855:524 [key to species]; Guerin­ 261, 273 [comparison with other Anoplog­ Meneville 1855:585 [catalog listing]; nathiden, key to American Anoplognathiden, Lacordaire 1856:368, 371 [key to genera of redescription]. Anoplognathides, redescription]; Harold Platycoelien, Ohaus 1904a:64, 74 [com­ 1869: 1230 [catalog listing]; Bates 1888:293 parison with other Anoplognathiden]. [distribution]; Bates 1891a:4 [distribution]; Platycoeliiden, Ohaus 1905:124 [compari­ Ohaus 1904a:63, 64, 98 [comparison with son with Brachysterniden]; Ohaus 1908:386 other genera of Anoplognathiden]; Ohaus [distribution]. 1904b:273, 277, 278, 338 [redescription, spe­ Platycoeliina, Ohaus 1918:176 [catalog cies list]; Ohaus 1905:120 [comparison with listing]; Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist]; Leucopelaea]; Ohaus 1918:176 [catalog list­ Gutierrez 1951:113 [comparison with ing]; Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist]; Ohaus Brachysternina]; Ohaus 1952:8 [catalog list­ 1952:8 [catalog listing]; Machatschke ing]; Machatschke 1965:8, 13, 55 [comparison 1965: 13, 55 [distribution, catalog listing]; with other Rutelinae, distribution, catalog Machatschke 1972:300 [catalog listing]; listing]; Machatschke 1972:300 [catalog list­ Martinez 1976:327 [distribution]; Zunino and ing]; Martinez 1976:327 [distribution]; Moron Monteresino 1990:5 [morphology of genitalia]; 1995:195 [comment on Mexican species]; Moron 1994a:18 [checklist]; Moron 1994b:17 Moron 1997:50 [redescription]; Delgado et al. [distribution]; Martinez and Martinez 2000:31 [key to genera of Mexican Scara­ 1994:545,548 [distribution]; Moron 1995:195 baeoidea]; Smith 2002a:380, 389 [distribution, [comment on distribution]; Moron 1997:50 [re­ key to N eotropical genera of Anoplognathini]. description]; Smith and Paucar-Cabrera 2000:408,411 [comment on distribution, com­ TYPE GENUS. Piatycoelia Dejean, 1833. ment on morphology]; Delgado et al. 2000:31 [key to genera of Mexican Scarabaeoidea]; DESCRIPTION. See description of Platy­ Smith and Jameson 2001:103 [comparison coelia. with Eremophygus bicolor, comment on mor­ phology]; Ratcliffe 2002:26 [checklist]; Ratcliffe Genus PLATYCOELIA Dejean, 1833 and Ocampo 2002:368 [comment on nomencla­ (Figs. 1-36, 39-78) ture]; Smith 2002a:389 [key to Neotropical gen­ era of Anoplognathini]; Paucar-Cabrera and Piatycoelia Dejean, 1833 (valid name) Smith 2002:438 [larval descriptions]. Callichioris Burmeister 1844 (junior synonym) Callichioris, Burmeister 1844:455, 465 Leucopelaea Bates 1891 (junior synonym) [original description]; Blanchard 1851:227 Epicallichioris Gutierrez, 1951 (junior syn­ [catalog listing]; Burmeister 1855:526 [com­ onym) ment on morphology]; Lacordaire 1856:372, CATALOG. Platycoelia, Dejean 1833:154 377 [key to genera of Brachysternides, rede­ [original designation]; Dejean 1836:171 scription]; Harold 1869: 1232 [catalog listing]; 32 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Arrow 1899:369 [comment on morphology); Epicallichloris Gutierrez, 1951. Type spe­ Ohaus 1904b:258, 273, 277, 307, 332, 339 [re­ cies Callichloris alticola Gutierrez, 1951 by description, species list); Ohaus 1905: 120 original designation. Epicallichloris was [comparison with Leucopelaea); Ohaus originally described as a subgenus of Calli­ 1918: 178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder chloris. Gender: feminine. 1944:247 [checklist); Gutierrez 1951:112, 113, 115 [redefinition of genus); Ohaus 1952:9 [cata­ DESCRIPTION. Length 10.5-34.0 mm, log listing); Machatschke 1965:13, 55 [distribu­ width 6.2-19.3 mm. Color usually lime green tion, placed in synonymy with Platycoelia); to olive green or yellow, sometimes dark green Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listing as syn­ or brown to black. Body usually ovate, onym of Platycoelia); Martinez 1976:327 [dis­ strongly to weakly convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ tribution); Moron 1997:50 [comment on face punctate, usually glabrous. Clypeal apex nomenclature); Smith and Jameson 2001:104 rounded to trapezoidal. Frontoclypeal suture [comment on nomenclature); Ratcliffe and complete or obsolete medially. Labrum pro­ Ocampo 2002:368 [comment on nomenclature]. jecting ventrally, perpendicular to clypeus. Leucopelaea, Bates 1891a:4 [distribu­ Apex of labrum with medial tooth. Mentum tion); Bates 1891b:30 [original description); apically with notch or medial tooth. Antenna Whymper 1892: 137 [biology); Arrow 1899:369 9-segmented or 10-segmented. Pronotum: [comparison with Callichloris); Ohaus 1904b: Surface usually glabrous, always punctate. 258, 277 [comment on morphology); Ohaus Marginal bead weak laterally, usually absent 1905:120, 164 [redescription, species list); elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu­ Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder dinal striae impressed or not impressed, 1944:247 [checklist); Machatschke 1965:13, 55 punctate or impunctate. Suture apically [distribution, placed in synonymy with rounded, angled, or with acute spine. Py­ Platycoelia); Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog gidium: Surface convex, punctate, setose. Ven­ listing as synonym of Platycoelia); Martinez ter: Thorax setose. Mesothoracic process 1976:327 [distribution); Moron 1997:50 [com­ present, often projecting anteriorly to ment on nomenclature); Smith and Paucar­ procoxa. Abdomen sparsely setose or gla­ Cabrera 2000:412 [comment on classification); brous. Apical spiracles sometimes extruding. Smith and Jameson 2001:104 [comment on no­ Legs: Protibia with 1-3 teeth. Protarsomeres 2- menclature). 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomeres Callichloris (Callichloris), Gutierrez 3-4 in males often with internoapical stridula­ 1951:115 [redescription as subgenus, key to tory ridge. Protarsomere 5 in males often with species). internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Unguitractor Callichloris (Epicallichloris), Gutierrez plate cylindrical with 2 setae. Modified 1951:115 [original description of subgenus, protarsal claw in males thickened, elongate key to species); Smith and Jameson 2001:104 when compared with other claw, apex un­ [comment on nomenclature). evenly bifurcate. Modified protarsal claw in Epicallichloris, Machatschke 1965:60 females with ventral tooth, not thickened. [placed in synonymy with Platycoelia); Modified mesotarsal claw weakly thickened, Machatschke 1972:304 [catalog listing as syn­ elongate when compared with other claw, onym of Platycoelia). apex unevenly bifurcate or with ventral tooth, not thickened. Modified metatarsal claw elon­ TYPE SPECIES. Platycoelia Dejean, 1833. gate with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Type species Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, Genitalia: Phallobase not fused with 1813 by monotypy. Gender: feminine. parameres. Parameres not fused but longitudi­ Callichloris Burmeister, 1844. Type spe­ nally contiguous. Female Genitalia: Generally cies Callichloris signaticollis Burmeister, not diagnostic. 1844 by monotypy. Gender: feminine. Leucopelaea Bates, 1891. Type species LARVAE. Our knowledge of Platycoelia lar­ Leucopelaea albescens Bates, 1891 by vae is scant. Ohaus (1908, 1909a) published monotypy. Gender: feminine. some rudimentary observations of P. gaujoni MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 33 larvae, and Paucar-Cabrera and Smith (2002) DISTRIBUTION. Andes Mountains of South formally described the larvae of P. gaujoni and America and montane areas of Central America P. lutescens. The fact that these two species from Hidalgo, Mexico to La Rioja, Argentina. are closely related (see phylogeny) make it im­ possible to generalize about generic diagnos­ Remarks on Identification of Plutycoeliu tic characters. This is confounded by the lack species of knowledge of larvae in closely related The surface color and color patterns can groups (Paucar-Cabrera and Smith [2002] re­ be both helpful and deceiving in the identifi­ view the literature on Anoplognathini larvae). cation of Platycoelia species. Some species of Based on Paucar-Cabrera and Smith (2002), Platycoelia can have both yellow and green in­ Platycoelia larvae have the following combi­ dividuals. In fact, the color can change nation of characters: apical antennal segment throughout the life of individual Platycoelia. with single, dorsal, sensory spot; labrum Why there are two different color forms asymmetrical; haptomerum of epipharynx within some species is unknown. I suspect with beak-like process, weak row of basal that it may have something to do with the diet heli, or process entirely absent; mandible with of the beetles and perhaps to aid in camou­ ventral, oval, stridulatory area consisting of flage in yellow or green foliage. This is a fer­ transverse ridges; maxilla with galea and tile area for future research. Although green lacina fused forming mala; lacinia of maxilla versus yellow is often deceiving, other color with 3 well-developed, terminal unci; maxil­ patterns can be extremely helpful in identifi­ lary stridulatory area with 6-11 sharp, re­ cation. Species with black, brown, tan, or bi­ curved teeth; palidia absent; anal slit straight colored dorsal coloration are consistently the or slightly curved. same color. Dark areas on the metasternum and abdominal sternites are also often diag­ DIAGNOSIS. Platycoelia is distinguished nostic character states at the species level. from all other genera of Anoplognathini by The color of the scutellum, metasternal pro­ the following combination of characters: cess, and legs can also be useful. elytron without membranous border, usually Males and females of Platycoelia can eas­ glabrous; mesothoracic process usually well­ ily be separated by examining the front claws developed; protibia with spur; mesotibia and (Fig. 39). In all species, males have the modi­ metatibia gracile; tarsomere 5 with claws split fied protarsal claw noticeably thickened and or toothed (not simple); unguitractor plate with dorsoventrally split whereas females have the 2 setae; male genitalia with phallobase and modified protarsal claw not thickened and parameres not fused; parameres with apices with a ventral tooth. For explanations of char­ close together (not widely separated), not acters and states in keys and descriptions, see fused. the section on "Character Definition."

Fig. 39. Typical form of male (right) and female (left) front claws. 34 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Key to the Species of Platycoelia

1. Mesothoracic process short, not projecting anteriorly beyond mesocoxa (or projecting weakly past mesocoxa) (Fig. 10) ...... 2 I'. Mesothoracic process long, projecting anteriorly near or beyond base of pro coxa (Figs. 7-9) ...... 22 2(1). Elytral sutural apex with acute spine (similar to Fig. 8) ...... 51. Platycoelia insolita Smith 2'. Elytral sutural apex angled or rounded, without acute spine ...... 3 3(2'). Dorsally bicolored with head and pronotum black, elytron brown ...... 4 3'. Dorsally unicolored or with different coloration pattern than above ...... 6 4(3). Pronotum covered with long setae (Fig. 78) ...... 61. Platycoelia haenkei (Gutierrez) 4'. Pronotum glabrous or with scattered patches of setae ...... 5 5(4'). Pygidium smooth with well-defined punctures ...... 58. Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus) 5'. Pygidium rugose to granulate ...... 59. Platycoelia alticola (Gutierrez) 6(3'). Dorsal and ventral surface cream-colored to tan ...... 43. Platycoelia lutescens Blanchard 6'. Dorsal and ventral surface with at least some darker coloration (green, brown, black) ...... 7 7(6'). Head, pronotum, and scutellum cream-colored to tan, elytron dark brown ...... 60. Platycoelia inca Smith 7'. Head, pronotum, and scutellum with darker coloration (green, brown, black) or elytron not dark brown ...... 8 8(7'). Elytron green or yellow with thick, brown to black sutural line ...... 9 8'. Elytron brown to black or without dark sutural line ...... 10 9(8). Femora and tibiae yellow ...... 62. Platycoelia laelaps (Gutierrez) 9'. Femora and tibiae reddish-brown to black ...... 53. Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus) 10(8'). Dorsal color primarily green or yellow, sometimes with black maculations on frons and pronotum (extensive in P. furva) ...... 11 10'. Dorsal coloration not primarily green or yellow ...... 19 11(10). Mentum with deep basomedial impression on either side of midline (Fig. 33). Peru to Bolivia...... 50. Platycoelia rufosignata Ohaus 11'. Mentum usually flat, without deep impressions ...... 12 12(11'). Ventral surface and pygidium black. Frons, pronotum and elytron with prominent, dark maculations. Ecuador ...... 48. Platycoelia (urva Smith 12'. Ventral surface and pygidium not entirely black. Frons, pronotum and elytron unicolored or sometimes pronotum with prominent macula- tions ...... 13 13(12'). Apical 2 spiracles not extruding. Pronotum often with dark macula- tions ...... 14 13'. Apical 2 spiracles extruding, cylindrical (more prominent in males) (Fig. 35). Pronotum with uniform coloration ...... 16 14(13). Body length greater than 20 mm (often over 25 mm). Colombia to Peru ...... 49. Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister 14'. Body length less than 18 mm. Colombia ...... 15 15(14'). Pronotum with black markings (Fig. 75). Colombia ...... 52. Platycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister) 15'. Pronotum uniformally green. Argentina ...... 8. Platycoelia simplicior Ohaus 16(13'). Body length short, males usually less than 19 mm, females usually less than 22 mm. Frons not depressed medioapically...... 17 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 35

16'. Body length longer, males usually greater than 19 mm, females usually greater than 22 mm. Frons weakly depressed medioapically...... 18 17(16). Antennal club of males with length approximately equal to other segments combined. Southern Ecuador ...... 44. Platycoelia gaujoni Ohaus 17'. Antennal club of males with length shorter than other segments combined. Southern Colombia ...... 45. Platycoelia pusilla Smith 18(16'). Metasternum moderately setose. Southern Colombia ...... 46. Platycoelia bordoni Martinez 18'. Metasternum densely setose. Southern Colombia to Ecuador ...... 47. Platycoelia parva Kirsch 19(10'). Antenna 9-segmented ...... 54. Platycoelia ignota Smith 19'. Antenna 10-segmented ...... 20 20(19') . Clypeus strongly angled apicolaterally, apex moderately reflexed ...... 57. Platycoelia aenigma Smith 20'. Clypeus rounded with no apicolateral angles, apex weakly reflexed ...... 21 21(20') . Frons with broad apicomedial depression ...... 55. Platycoelia kirschi (Ohaus) 21'. Frons without broad apicomedial depression ...... 56. Platycoelia baessleri (Ohaus) 22(1'). Apex of labrum with tooth well-developed, truncate, strongly overlapping apex of mentum (similar to Fig. 2) ...... 23 22'. Apex oflabrum with tooth triangular to reduced, not truncate, weakly over- lapping or not overlapping apex of mentum (similar to Fig. 3) ...... 49 23(22). Antenna 9-segmented. Pygidium never covered by apices of elytra...... 24 23'. Antenna lO-segmented (occasionally 9-segmented). Pygidium sometimes covered by apices of elytra at rest...... 30 24(23). Metasternum and abdominal sternites brown or black (at least medi- ally) ...... 4. Platycoelia marginata Burmeister 24'. Metasternum and abdominal sternites yellow to green (sometimes with lati- tudinal black stripes) ...... 25 25(24'). Elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 with thick, longitudinal, yellow stripes (elytral in- terval 6 with weaker stripe) (Fig. 44). Venezuela ...... 5. Platycoelia meridensis Smith 25'. Elytral intervals not as above. Not from Venezuela ...... 26 26(25'). Mesothoracic process weakly diamond-shaped to conical. Body length usu- ally greater than 21 mm ...... 27 26'. Mesothoracic process elongate-conical to cylindrical. Body length less than 25 mm ...... 29 27(26) . Elytron with well-defined, yellow longitudinal lines (Fig. 41) ...... 2. Platycoelia inflata Ohaus 27'. Elytron with weakly defined, light green longitudinal lines ...... 28 28(27'). Protibia in males with 1 apical tooth (similar to Fig. 36). Colombia to Ecua- dor ...... 3. Platycoelia nervosa Kirsch 28'. Protibia in males with 2 teeth in apical half. Peru to Bolivia ...... 1. Platycoelia alternans Erichson 29(26'). Dorsal coloration olive green with yellow stripes and margins (especially on elytron) ...... 7. Platycoelia prasina Erichson 29'. Dorsal coloration olive green with no distinct yellow stripes on elytron (sometimes with yellow margins) (Fig. 45) ...... 6. Platycoelia selanderi Martinez and Martinez 30(23'). Elytra capable of entirely covering pygidium. Males with modified protarsal claw with 1 bifurcation twisted beneath the other in ventral view (Fig. 13) ...... 31 30'. Pygidium exposed past elytral apices (sometimes weakly). Males with modi­ fied protarsal claw bifurcate but neither is twisted beneath the other in ven- tral view...... 34 36 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

31(30) . Metasternum and abdominal sternites black (at least medially) ...... 25. Platycoelia variolosa Ohaus 31'. Metasternum and abdominal sternites green ...... 32 32(31'). Frontoclypeal suture complete. Ecuador...... 28. Platycoelia paucarae Smith 32'. Frontoclypeal suture incomplete ...... 33 33(32'). Scutellum mainly yellow. Costa Rica to Panama ...... 26. Platycoelia grandicula Smith 33'. Scutellum green (sometimes entire dorsal surface yellow). Southern Colom- bia to northern Ecuador ...... 27. Platycoelia hiporum Smith 34(30'). Mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in males without noticeable apical stridulatory ridge (under high magnification). Protibial spur with apex even with, or surpassing, adjacent protibial apex. Pygidial surface obscured by elytra, often entirely setose. Eyes separated by more than 4.7 transverse eye widths. Elytral intervals with dense, small punctures. Frontoclypeal su- ture complete ...... 35 34'. Mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in males with distinct apical stridu­ latory ridge (under high magnification). Protibial spur with apex distinctly shorter than adjacent protibial apex (sometimes even with adjacent protibial apex). Pygidial surface visible, setose only near apical margin. Eyes separated by less than 4.5 transverse eye widths. Elytral intervals with sparse, small punctures. Frontoclypeal suture often incomplete (com- plete in some species) ...... 41 35(34). Elytron with strongly impressed striae (easily visible without magnifica- tion). Parameres with ventrally projecting hook (Figs. 20, 28). Ecuador ...... 15. Platycoelia forcipalis Ohaus 35'. Elytron with weakly impressed striae or smooth. Parameres without ven- trally projecting hook ...... 36 36(35'). Mesothoracic process distinctly diamond shaped (Fig. 7). Costa Rica to Panama ...... 13. Platycoelia mesosternalis Ohaus 36'. Mesothoracic process conical-elongate, not diamond shaped ...... 37 37(36'). Elytron green along elytra suture, with thick yellow band along basal half of elytral interval 2 (similar to Fig. 49) ...... 38 37'. Elytron with yellow band along elytral suture, elytral interval 2 green (simi- lar to Fig. 51) ...... 39 38(37). Mesothoracic process yellow, protibia yellow ...... 11. Platycoelia occidentalis Ohaus 38'. Mesothoracic process green, protibia with at least some obvious green col- oration ...... 12. Platycoelia valida Burmeister 39(37') Elytral apex with acute spine (Fig. 5) ...... 40 39'. Elytral apex rounded, without spine ... 14. Platycoelia peruviana Smith 40(39). Metasternum bicolored, light green laterally with reddish-brown medial stripe (Fig. 34) ...... 9. Platycoelia abdominalis Ohaus 40'. Metasternum unicolored, light green ...... 10. Platycoelia pomacea Erichson 41(34'). Elytral intervals 1, 3, 5, 7 lighter green or yellow than rest of elytron (Fig. 59). Scutellum yellow (occasionally green medially). Mexico to Panama ...... 21. Platycoelia humeralis Bates 41'. Elytron colored differently than above or not. Disc of scutellum usually green. South America ...... 42 42(41') . Metasternum black to reddish-brown (with at least a broad, medial patch) ...... 43 42'. Metasternum green (sometimes with thin, medial, black line) ...... 46 43(42). Elytron with obvious longitudinal stripes or spots ...... 44 43'. Elytron with weak longitudinal spots or immaculate. Peru ...... 23. Platycoelia convexa Smith MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 37

44(43). Abdominal sternites green...... 20. Platycoelia nigrosternalis Ohaus 44'. Abdominal sternites black to reddish-brown (at least medially) ...... 45 45(44') Frontoclypeal suture complete ...... 16. Platycoelia sandia Smith 45'. Frontoclypeal suture absent medially ..... 18. Platycoelia galerana Smith 46(42'). Elytral striae 1-7 with thin, greenish-yellow, longitudinal lines (Fig. 57 and back cover) ...... 19. Platycoelia flavostriata (Latreille) 46'. Elytral striae 1-7 without thin, greenish-yellow, longitudinal lines ...... 47 47(46'). Elytral striae punctate, with dark spots. Male protibia with 1 apical tooth. Colombia ...... 24. Platycoelia interstincta Smith 47'. Elytral striae punctate but without obvious spots. Male protibia with 2 teeth. Ecuador ...... 48 48(47'). Frontoclypeal suture complete ...... 17. Platycoelia penai Frey 48'. Frontoclypeal suture absent medially... 22. Platycoelia intermedia Ohaus 49(22'). Antenna 9-segmented ...... 50 49'. Antenna 10-segmented (or if antenna 9-segmented, elytron with medial yellow, longitudinal line forked medially, bifurcating in basal half of elytron) ...... 52 50(49). Abdominal sternites black. Colombia to Ecuador ...... 37. Platycoelia steinheili Ohaus 50'. Abdominal sternites green ...... 51 51(50'). Elytron with distinctly elevated intervals (especially near apex). Colombia ...... 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus (in part) 51'. Elytron without distinctly elevated intervals. Peru to Bolivia ...... 33. Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow 52(50'). Elytron with weakly raised, reticulated, yellow pattern (see cover illustra- tion) ...... 39. Platycoelia butleri Smith 52'. Elytron without reticulated pattern, often with yellow longitudinal lines ...... 53 53(52'). Pygidium with disc entirely setose ...... 54 53'. Pygidium with disc setose in apical half...... 55 54(53'). Scutellum green medially (sometimes entire body yellow). Body length usu- ally greater than 24 mm. Peru to Bolivia ...... 32. Platycoelia burmeisteriana Ohaus 54'. Scutellum yellow. Body length less than 24 mm. Bolivia ...... 29. Platycoelia flavoscutellata Ohaus 55(53'). Elytron with medial yellow, longitudinal line forked medially, bifurcating towards basal half of elytron (similar to Fig. 69) ...... 56 55'. Elytron with yellow, longitudinal lines not forked or bifurcating in basal half...... 57 56(55). Apex of mentum with medial notch. Elytral base without yellow spot. Bo- livia ...... 42. Platycoelia confluens Ohaus 56'. Apex of apex of mentum with distinct tooth. Elytral base with yellow spot. Colombia ...... '" 36. Platycoelia flavohumeralis Smith 57(55'). Elytral suture green; yellow longitudinal lines on intervals 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Metasternum and often abdominal sternites brown to black (at least medi- ally). Peru to Bolivia ...... 38. Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus 57'. Elytral suture green or yellow; if green, then longitudinal lines on interval not as above. Metasternum and abdominal sternites with or without dark coloration ...... 58 58(57'). Elytron with irregular, translucent spots giving a "blotchy" appearance. Peru to Bolivia ...... 40. Platycoelia hirta Ohaus 58'. Elytron without a "blotchy" appearance ...... 59 59(58'). Elytral sutural apex with acute spine. Elytron with discal, yellow, longitu­ dinalline distinctly thicker than other longitudinal lines (Fig. 64). Venezu- ela to Ecuador...... 30. Platycoelia puncticollis Ohaus 38 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

59'. Elytral sutural apex with weak spine or nub. Elytron with discal, yellow, longitudinal line not distinctly thicker than other longitudinal lines ...... 60 60(59') . Abdominal sternites with some dark coloration. Venezuela ...... 31. Platycoelia unguicularis Ohaus 60'. Abdominal sternites without dark coloration ...... 61 61(60'). Elytron with distinctly elevated intervals (especially near apex). Colom- bia ...... 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus (in part) 61'. Elytron with weakly elevated intervals ...... 62 62(61'). Eyes with thick yellow border (Fig. 67). Elytra widest in apical third. Ecua- dor ...... 34. Platycoelia traceyae Smith 62'. Eyes with narrow yellow border. Elytra of uniform width. Bolivia ...... 41. Platycoelia altiplana Smith

Clave para las especies de Platycoelia

1. Proceso mesotonisico corto, no proyectado anteriormente mas alIa de la mesocoxa (0 proyectado levemente pasando la mesocoxa) (Fig. 10) ...... 2 I'. Proceso mesotorasico largo, proyectado anteriormente cerca 0 mas alIa de la mesocoxa (Figs. 7-9) ...... 22 2(1). Sutura elitral con espina apical aguda (similar a Fig. 8) ...... 51. Platycoelia insolita Smith 2'. Sutura elitral con apice anguloso 0 redondeado, sin espina aguda ...... 3 3(2'). Bicoloreado dorsalmente con la cabeza y el pronoto negros, elitro marron...... 4 3'. Dorsalmetnte de un solo color 0 con diferente patron de coloracion que arriba ...... 6 4(3). Pronoto cubierto con setas largas (Fig. 78) ...... 61. Platycoelia haenkei (Gutierrez) 4'. Pronoto glabro 0 con parches aislados de setas...... 5 5(4'). Pigidio liso con puntuaciones bien definidas ...... 58. Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus) 5'. Pigidio rugosa 0 granulado ...... 59. Platycoelia alticola (Gutierrez) 6(3'). Dorso y superficie ventral color crema 0 castaneo claro ...... 43. Platycoelia lutescens Blanchard 6'. Dorso y superficie ventral con por 10 menos alguna coloracion oscura (verde, marron, 0 negra) ...... 7 7(6'). Cabeza, pronoto, y escutelum color crema, elitro marron oscuro ...... 60. Platycoelia inca Smith 7'. Cabeza, pronoto, y escutelo, con coloracion oscura (verde, marron, 0 negra) o elitro no marron oscuro ...... 8 8(7'). Elitro verde 0 amarillo con linea sutural gruesa marron 0 negra ...... 9 8'. Elitro marron a negro sin linea sutural oscura ...... 10 9(8). Femures y tibias amarillos ...... 62. Platycoelia laelaps (Gutierrez) 9'. Femures y tibias rojo-marron a negro ...... 53. Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus) 10(8'). Color dorsal primeramente verde 0 amarillo, a veces negro con maculas en la frente y el pronoto (extendidas en P. furva) ...... 11 10'. Coloracion dorsal primariamente no amarilla ...... 19 11(10). Menton con profunda impresion sobre cad a lado de la linea media (Fig. 33). Peru hasta Bolivia ...... 50. Platycoelia rufosignata Ohaus 11'. Menton usualmente achatado, sin profunda impresion sobre cada lado de la linea media...... 12 12(11'). Superficie ventral y pigidio negros. Frente pronoto y elitro con maculas prominentes. Ecuador ...... 48. Platycoelia furva Smith 12'. Superficie ventral y pigidio no enteramente negros. Frente, pronoto y elitro a veces de un solo color 0 a veces pronoto con maculas prominentes ...... 13 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 39

13(12'). Los 2 espiniculos apicales not protruidos. Pronoto usualmente con maculas prominentes ...... 14 13'. Los 2 espiraculos apicales not protruidos, cilfndricos (mas prominetes en los machos) (Fig. 35). Pronoto con coloraci6n uniforme ...... 16 14(13). Largo del cuerpo mayor de 20 mm (generalmente mas de 25 mm). Colombia hasta Peru ...... 49. Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister 14'. Largo del cuerpo menor de 18 mm. Colombia ...... 15 15(14'). Pronoto con margenes blanc os (Fig. 75). Colombia ...... 52. Platycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister) 15'. Pronoto uniformemente verde. Argentina ...... 8. Platycoelia simplicior Ohaus 16(13'). Cuerpo corto, machos usualmente menores de 19 mm, hembras usual mente menores de 22 mm. Frente no deprimida medialmente ...... 17 16'. Cuerpo largo, machos usual mente mayores de 19 mm, hembras usual mente mayors de 22 mm. Frente ligeramente deprimida medialmente ...... 18 17(16). Largo de la claba de la antena de los machos aproximadamente igual a los demas segmentos combinados. Sur de Ecuador ...... 44. Platycoelia gaujoni Ohaus 17'. Largo de la claba de la antena de los machos mas corta a los demas segmentos combinados. Sur de Colombia ...... 45. Platycoelia pusilla Smith 18(16'). Metasterno moderadamente setoso. Sur de Colombia ...... 46. Platycoelia bordoni Martinez 18'. Metasterno densamente setoso. Sur de Colombia hasta Ecuador ...... 47. Platycoelia parva Kirsch 19(10'). Antena con 9 segmentos ...... 54. Platycoelia ignota Smith 19'. Antena con 10 segmentos ...... 20 20(19'). Clipeo fuertemente anguloso en ella parte lateral del apice, apice moderadamente recurvado ...... 57. Platycoelia aenigma Smith 20'. Clipeo redondeado, no anguloso en ella parte lateral del apice, apice pobremente recurvado ...... 21 21(20'). Frente con amplia depresi6n en ella parte media del apice ...... 55. Platycoelia kirschi (Ohaus) 21'. Frente sin amplia depresi6n en ella parte media del apice ...... 56. Platycoelia baessleri (Ohaus) 22(1'). Apice del labro con diente bien desarrollado, truncado, fuertemente superpuesto sobre el apice del ment6n (similar a Fig. 2) ...... 23 22'. Apice del labro con diente triangular a reducido, no truncado, debilmente superpuesto sobre el apice del ment6n. (similar to Fig. 3) ...... 49 23(22). Antena con 9 segmentos. Pigidio nunc a cubierto por el apice del elitro ..... 24 23'. Antena con 10 segmentos (ocasionalmente con 9 segmentos). Pigidio a veces cubierto por el apice del elitro cuando en reposo ...... 30 24(23). Metasterno y esternitos abdominales marrones 0 negros (por 10 menos medialmente) ...... 4. Platycoelia marginata Burmeister 24'. Metasterno y esternitos abdominales amarillos 0 verdes (a veces con band as longitudinales negras) ...... 25 25(24'). Intervalos elitrales 2, 4, 6 con anchas bandas longitudinales amarillas (Fig. 44). Venezuela ...... 5. Platycoelia meridensis Smith 25'. Intervalos eIitrales no como arriba. No en Venezuela...... 26 26(25'). Proceso mesotoracico pobremente con forma de diamante a c6nico. Largo del cuerpo usualmetne mayor de 21 mm ...... 27 26'. Proceso mseotoracico alargado a cilfndrico. Largo del cuerpo menor de 25 mm ...... 29 27(26). Elitro con lfneas longitudinales bien definidas, amarillas (Fig. 41) ...... 2. Platycoelia inflata Ohaus 27'. Elitro con lfneas longitudinales pobremente definidas, verde claras ...... 28 40 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

28(27'). Machos con protibia con 1 diente apical (similar a Fig. 36). Colombia hasta Ecuador ...... 3. Platycoelia nervosa Kirsch 28'. Machos con protibia con 2 dientes en la mitad apical. Peru hasta Bolivia ...... 1. Platycoelia alternans Erichson 29(26'). Coloraci6n dorsal verde oliva con margenes y bandas amarillas (especialmente sobre el elitro) ...... 7. Platycoelia prasina Erichson 29'. Coloraci6n dorsal verde oliva sin margenes y bandas amarillas (a veces con margenes amarillos) (Fig. 45) ...... 6. Platycoelia selanderi Martinez and Martinez 30(23'). Elitros capaces de cubrir completamente el pigidio. Machos con uiias protarsales modificadas con una bifurcaci6n torcida debajo de la otra bifurcaci6n en vista ventral (Fig. 13) ...... 31 30'. Pigido expuesto, pasando el apice de los elitros (a veces pobremente). Ma­ chos con uiias protarsales modificadas con una bifurcaci6n pero no torcida debajo de la otra bifurcaci6n en vista ventral...... 34 31(30). Metasterno y esternitos abdominals negros (por 10 menos medialmente) ...... 25. Platycoelia variolosa Ohaus 31'. Metasterno y esternitos abdominals verdes ...... 32 32(31'). Sutura frontoclipeal completa. Ecuador...... 28. Platycoelia paucarae Smith 32'. Sutura frontoclipeal incompleta ...... 33 33(32'). Escutelo mayormente amarillo. Costa Rica hasta Panama ...... 26. Platycoelia grandicula Smith 33'. Escutelo verde ( a veces supreficie dorsal amarilla). Sur de Colombia hasta norte de Ecuador ...... 27. Platycoelia hiporum Smith 34(30'). Mesotars6mero 4 y metatars6mero 4 de los machos sin margen estridulatorio notorio (bajo magnificaci6n). Espina protibial con el apice de ancho parejo, 0 que sobrepasa al apice de la protibia. Superficie del pigidio tapada por los elitros, usualmente setosa. Ojos separados por mas de 4.7 veces al ancho entre ellos. Intervalos elitrales con puntuaciones pequeiias, densas. Sutura frontoclipeal completa ...... 35 34'. Mesotars6mero 4 y metatars6mero 4 de los machos con margen estridulatorio notorio (bajo magnificaci6n). Espina protibial con el apice notoriamente mas corto que el apice de la protibia (a veces igual de largo que apice de la protibia). Superficie del pigidio visible, setosa solo ace rca del margen apical. Ojos separados por menos de 4.7 veces al ancho entre ellos. Intervalos elitrales con puntuaciones pequeiias, dispersas. Sutura frontoclipeal generalmente incompleta (complete en algunas especies) .... 41 35(34). Elitro con estrias fuertemente impresas (facilmente visibles sin magnificaci6n). Parameros con un gancho proyectado ventral mente (Figs. 20,28). Ecuador ...... 15. Platycoelia forcipalis Ohaus 35'. Elitro con estrias debilmente impresas 0 liso. Parameros sin un gancho proyectado ventralmente ...... 36 36(35'). Proceso mesotoracico con forma de diamante (Fig. 7). Costa Rica hasta Panama ...... 13. Platycoelia mesosternalis Ohaus 36'. Proceso mesotoracico conico-alargado, sin forma de diamante ...... 37 37(36'). Elitro verde a 10 largo della sutura elitral, con bandas amarillas gruesas a 10 largo mitad basal de los intervalos elitrales 2 (similar a Fig. 49) ...... 38 37'. Elitro con banda amarilla a 10 largo de la sutura, intervalos elitrales 2 verdes (similar a Fig. 51) ...... 39 38(37) . Proceso mesotoracico amarillo, protibia amarilla ...... 11. Platycoelia occidentalis Ohaus 38'. Proceso mesotoracico verde, protibia por 10 menos con alguna parte verde ...... 12. Platycoelia valida Burmeister 39(37') Apice elitral con espina aguda (Fig. 5) ...... 40 39'. Apice elitral redondeado, sin espina .... 14. Platycoelia peruviana Smith MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 41

40(39). Metasterno bicoloreado, verde claro lateralmente con banda medial rojo- marron (Fig. 34) ...... 9. Platycoelia abdominalis Ohaus 40'. Metasterno de un solo color, verde claro ...... 10. Platycoelia pomacea Erichson 41(34'). Intervalos elitrales 1, 3, 5, 7 mas verde claros 0 amarillos que el resto del elitro (Fig. 59). Escutelo amarillo. (ocasioanlmante verde en el medio). Mexico hasta Panama ...... 21. Platycoelia humeralis Bates 41'. Elitros colore ados diferentemente de arriba 0 no. Disco del escutelo usual- mente verde. Sudamerica ...... 42 42(41'). Metasterno negro a rojo-marron (por 10 menos un parche medio) ...... 43 42'. Metasterno verde (a veces con una fina banda negra en el medio) ...... 46 43(42). Elitro bandas longitudinales 0 puntos obvios ...... 44 43'. Elitro con debiles puntos 0 inmaculado. Perll...... 23. Platycoelia convexa Smith 44(43). Esternitos abdominales verdes .... 20. Platycoelia nigrosternalis Ohaus 44'. Esternitos abdominales negroas a rojo-marron (por 10 menos en el medio) ...... 45 45(44') Sutura frontoclipeal completa ...... 16. Platycoelia sandia Smith 45'. Sutura frontoclipeal ausente en el medio ...... 18. Platycoelia galerana Smith 46(42'). Estrias elitrales 1-7 con finas lineas longitudinales verde-amarillas (Fig. 57) ...... 19. Platycoelia flavostriata (Latreille) 46'. Estrias elitrales 1-7 sin finas line as longitudinales verde-amarillas ...... 47 47(46'). Estrias elitrales punteadas con puntos negros. Protibia del macho con 1 diente apical. Colombia ...... 24. Platycoelia interstincta Smith 47'. Estrias elitrales punteadas pero puntos no obvious. Protibia del machos con 2 dientes. Ecuador ...... 48 48(47'). Sutura frontoclipeal completa ...... 17. Platycoelia penai Frey 48'. Sutura frontoclipeal ausente en el medio ...... 22. Platycoelia intermedia Ohaus 49(22'). Antena con 9 segmentos ...... 50 49'. Antena con 10 segmentos (0 si antenna con 9 segmentos, elitro con ramificacion amarilla, madia, longitudinal, bifurcacion an la parte basal del elitro) ...... 52 50(49). Esternitos abdominales negros. Colombia hasta Ecuador ...... 37. Platycoelia steinheili Ohaus 50'. Esternitos abdominales verdes ...... 51 51(50'). Elitro con intern ados elevados (perticularmente cerca del apice). Colom- bia ...... 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus (en parte) 51'. Elitro sin intervalos elevados. Peru hasta Bolivia ...... 33. Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow 52(50'). Elitro con patron reticulado amarillo debilmente elevado, (ver ilustracion de tapa) ...... 39. Platycoelia butleri Smith 52'. Elitro sin patron reticulado amarillo, a veces con line as longitudinales amarillas ...... 53 53(52'). Pigidio con el disco enteramente setoso ...... 54 53'. Pigidio con el disco setoso en la mitad apical...... 55 54(53'). Escutelo verde medial mente (a veces el cuerpo enteramente amarillo). Largo del cuerpo usualmente mayor que 24 mm. Peru hast a Bolivia ...... 32. Platycoelia burmeisteriana Ohaus 54'. Escutelo amarillo. Largo del cuerpo menor que 24 mm. Bolivia ...... 29. Platycoelia flavoscutellata Ohaus 55(53'). Elitro con linea madialmante ramificada, longitudinal bifurcada hacia la mitad basal del elitro (similar a Fig. 69) ...... 56 55'. Elitro con linea amarilla, longitudinal no ramificada 0 bifurcada hacia la mitad basal...... 57 42 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

56(55). Menton con apice con insercion media. Base del elitro sin punto amarillo Bolivia ...... 42. Platycoelia confluens Ohaus 56'. Apice del apice del menton con diente notorio. Base del elitro con punto amarillo. Colombia ...... 36. Platycoelia flavohumeralis Smith 57(55'). Sutura elitral verde; line as longitudinales en los intervalos 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Metasterno y a veces esternitos abdominales marrones a negros (por 10 menos medialmente). Peru hasta Bolivia ...... 38. Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus 57'. Sutura elitral verde 0 amarilla; si es verde entonces las line as longitudinales no como arriba. Metasterno y esternitos abdominals con 0 sin coloracion oscura ...... 58 58(57'). Elitro con puntos irregulares translucidos que Ie dan una apariencia manchada. Peru hasta Bolivia ...... 40. Platycoelia hirta Ohaus 58'. Elitro sin apariencia manchada ...... 59 59(58'). Sutura elitral con el apice con espina aguda. Elitro con disco amarillo, linea longitudinal distinctivamante mas gruesa que otras line as (Fig. 64). Ven- ezuela hasta Ecuador...... 30. Platycoelia puncticollis Ohaus 59'. Sutura elitral con el apice con debil epina. Elitro con disco amarillo, linea longitudinal no distinctivamante mas gruesa que otras lineas ...... 60 60(59') . Esternitos abdominales con alguna coloracion oscura. Venezuela ...... 31. Platycoelia unguicularis Ohaus 60'. Esternitos abdominals sin coloracion oscura ...... 61 61(60'). Elitros con intervalos distinctivamentnte elevados (particularmente cerca del apice). Colombia ...... 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus (en parte) 61'. Elitros con intervalos debilmente elevados ...... 62 62(61'). Ojos con bordes gruesos amarillos (Fig. 67). Elitro mas ancho en el tercio apical. Ecuador ...... 34. Platycoelia traceyae Smith 62'. Ojos con borde amarillo angosto. Elitro con ancho uniforme. Bolivia ...... 41. Platycoelia altiplana Smith

1. Platycoelia alternans Erichson, tion); Machatschke 1965:57 [catalog listing); 1847 Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listing); (Figs. 11, 15, 25, 40) Martinez 1976:328 [comparison with Platy­ coelia scutellatal. Platycoelia alternans Erichson, 1847 (valid name) TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia alternans CATALOG. Platycoelia alternans, Erichson Erichson lectotype female at ZMHB labeled a) 1847:100 [original description); Burmeister "11467" (typeface), b) "Type" (orange label, 1855:525 [key to species of Platycoelia); typeface), c) "alternans Er.* mont Phil" (green Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); Harold label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA 1869:1230 [catalog listing); Ohaus 1904b:290, ALTERNANS ERICHSON 9 LECTOTYPE 338 [redescription); Ohaus 1909b:442 [com­ A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten parison with Platycoelia simplicior); Ohaus and typeface). Lectotype here designated. 1918: 178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder See Taxonomic Methods and Materials sec­ 1944:246 [checklist); Ohaus 1952:9 [distribu- tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 43

Erichson (1847) did not state how many speci­ somere and metatarsomere 5 with interno­ mens were in the type series. The existence medial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, and location of paralectotypes are unknown. with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw Type locality: Peru. slightly shorter than protarsomere 5, thick­ ened and elongate when compared with other DESCRIPTION. Male (n=8). Length 19.5- claw, diagonally flattened, apex unevenly bi­ 20.7 mm, width 12.0-12.6 mm. Color olive furcate (Fig. 11). Modified mesotarsal and green or yellow; elytral intervals 3 and 5 with metatarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, light green, longitudinal stripe; head, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase ap­ pronotum, scutellum, elytron with yellow lat­ proximately 1.9 times longer than length of eral margin. Body ovate, strongly convex. parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, se­ Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons rugo­ tose, expanded (Fig. 25). punctate, clypeus rugose, punctures moder­ Female (n=12). Length 20.5-23.6 mm, ate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal width 12.2-13.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ suture complete. Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without separated by approximately 4.5 transverse internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protar­ eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with somere 5 without internal tooth. Modified moderately large, setose punctures, setae protarsal and mesotarsal claw with ventral tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ tooth, not thickened. dial tooth, apex of tooth overlapping apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with 2 DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Maxilla with 3 cup-shaped teeth. Mentum lia by the following combination of characters: with apicomedial tooth curved into oral cav­ labrum with a broad, triangular apical tooth ity. Antenna 9-segmented; club slightly strongly overlapping the mentum; antenna 9- shorter than other segments combined, segmented; elytral striae 3 and 5 with distinct slightly shorter than length of frons. yellow coloration; mesothoracic process coni­ Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moderately to cal; protibial apical tooth acuminate; protar­ densely punctate, with small and moderate somere 5 with an internoapical stridulatory punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, ab­ tooth; modified protarsal claw diagonally flat­ sent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; tened; modified mesotarsal claw with a ven­ longitudinal striae weakly impressed, punc­ tral tooth; parameres at apex distinctly tate; punctures moderate with dark colora­ expanded. tion; intervals sparsely punctate, punctures small. Suture apically with weak spine (some­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 40). Andes Mountains times worn down). Pygidium: Width approxi­ from southern Peru to central Bolivia. mately 2.1 times length medially. Surface weakly convex, densely punctate; punctures LOCALITY DATA. 20 specimens examined moderately large to moderate, setose (near from CASC, FMNH, FSCA, ISNB, MNHN, apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax mod­ RFMC, SMFD, ZMHB. erately setose, setae cream colored. Mesotho­ racic process projecting anteriorly to procoxa; PERU (12). CUSCO (1): Cosfiipata (highway shape conical, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdo­ km 165). JUNIN (9): Chanchamayo, Rio Toro. men glabrous. Apical spiracles not extruding. NO DATA (2). Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; 2 apical teeth subequal in size, third tooth BOLIVIA (8). COCHABAMBA (2): Cristal­ small. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medi­ Mayu. SANTA CRUZ (6): Buena Vista. ally. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical TEMPORAL DATA. August (1), October (7), stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with November (1). internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Mesotar- 44 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

•* .

••'* I- • •

* Platycoelia alternans ,.. • Platycoelia inflata • #:• • ~e • • •••••

Fig. 40. Distribution of Platycoelia alternans and P. inflata in Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina.

2. Platycoelia inflata Ohaus, 1904 1918:178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder 1944:247 (Figs. 16, 36, 40, 41) [checklist); Machatschke 1965:57 [catalog list­ ing); Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listing); Platycoelia inflata Ohaus, 1904 (valid name) Martinez 1976:329 [comparison withPlatycoelia Platycoelia tucumana Ohaus 1904 (junior scutellata); Martinez and Martinez 1994:548 synonym) [comparison with Platycoelia selanderi). CATALOG. Platycoelia inflata, Ohaus 1904b: Platycoelia inflata tucumana, Ohaus 286,312,338,340 [original description); Ohaus 1904b:288, 338 [original description as sub- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 45

speciesl; Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing as Platycoelia inflata tucumana Ohaus lec­ subspeciesl; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist totype male at ZMHB labeled a) "R. A. as subspeciesl; Machatschke 1965:57 [catalog Tucuman Febrero 3/1898 P. Girard" (hand­ listing as subspeciesl; Machatschke 1972:301 written), b) "0" (typeface), c) "Typus!" (red la­ [catalog listing as subspeciesl. bel, typeface), d) "tucumana Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia inflata INFLATA TUCUMANA OHAUS LECTO­ Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) TYPE 0 A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, hand­ "Bolivia Potosi" (handwritten), b) "Platycoelia written and typeface), f) "Platycoelia inflata inflata Type Ohs." (orange label, handwrit­ Ohaus, 19040 Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (type­ ten), c) "PLATYCOELIA INFLATA ORAUS 0 face). Lectotype here designated. See LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, Methods and Materials section for a state­ handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here ment of taxonomic purpose. One female designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "R. A. tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. Tucuman Febrero 3/1898 P. Girard" (hand­ One male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) written), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Typus!" (red la­ "Bolivia" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia inflata bel, typeface), d) "tucumana Ohaus" (red Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), c) label, handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA "PLATYCOELIA INFLATA OHAUS 0 INFLATA TUCUMANA ORAUS PARALEC­ PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yel­ TOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, low label, handwritten and typeface). One handwritten and typeface), f) "Platycoelia male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) inflata Ohaus, 19049 Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" "Bolivie Provo Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ labeled a) "R. A. Tucuman Marz 7/1898 P. face), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. inflata Ohaus 0" Girard" (handwritten), b) "0" (typeface), c) (typeface and handwritten), d) "PLATYCOE­ "PI. inflata tucumana Cotype Ohs." (orange LIA INFLATA ORAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ INFLATA TUCUMANA OHAUS PARA­ ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at LECTOTYPE A.B.T.sMITH 2001" (yellow la­ ZMHB labeled a) "PERU" (typeface), b) "C. bel, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia Bts. Obrth." (typeface), c) "Cotypus!" (red la­ inflata Ohaus, 19040 Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" bel, typeface), d) "inflata Reich Blanch." (typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB (handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA INFLATA labeled a) "ARGENTINE PROVo TUCUMAN OHAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH LA CRIOLLA 1500 m G. A. BAER 1-1903" 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (typeface), b) "0" (typeface), c) "PI. inflata face). One female paralectotype at ZMHB la­ tucumana Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ beled a) "PERU" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), written), d) "PLATYCOELIA INFLATA c) "Platycoelia inflata Cotype Ohs." (orange la­ TUCUMANA OHAUS PARALECTOTYPE bel, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA A.B.T. SMITH 2001" (yellow label, hand­ INFLATA OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE written and typeface), e) "Platycoelia inflata A.B.T.sMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ Ohaus, 19040 Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (type­ ten and typeface). One female paralectotype face). One male paralectotype at ZMHB la­ at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie Provo Cocha­ beled as previous paralectotype omitting label bamba P.Germain 1889" (typeface), b) "Dr b. Five female paralectotypes at ZMHB la­ Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "PLATY­ beled a) "ARGENTINE PROV. TUCUMAN COELIA INFLATA OHAUS 9 PARALEC­ LA CRIOLLA 1500 m G. A. BAER 1-1903" TOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "PI. inflata handwritten and typeface). The existence and tucumana Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ location of other specimens from Ohaus' origi­ written), d) "PLATYCOELIA INFLATA nal type series are unknown. Type locality: TUCUMANA OHAUS PARALECTOTYPE Potosi, Bolivia. A.B.T. SMITH 2001" (yellow label, hand- 46 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM written and typeface), e) "Platycoelia inflata diamond-shaped, dorsoventrally flattened. Ohaus, 19049 Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (type­ Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not ex­ face). The existence and location of other truding. Legs: Protibia with 1 apical tooth specimens from Ohaus' original type series (Fig. 36). Mesotibia and metatibia widest me­ are unknown. I observed no consistent differ­ dially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, ences in the Argentinian and Bolivian, and cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4, mesotarsomere Peruvian populations of P. inflata. Therefore, 4, metatarsomere 4 with internoapical stridu­ I am placing the subspecific name P. inflata latory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with interno­ tucumana in synonymy with P. inflata. Type medial, stridulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere locality: Tucuman, Argentina. NEW SYN· and metatarsomere 5 with internobasal ONYMY. tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw approxi­ DESCRIPTION. Male (n=198). Length 17.3- mately equal in length to protarsomere 5, 27.4 mm, width 10.4-16.5 mm. Color olive thickened and elongate when compared with green to lime green or yellow (sometimes other claw, diagonally flattened, apex un­ darkened to brownish-green or dark yellow); evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal claw elytral interval 4, 6 with thick, yellow, longi­ thickened, elongate when compared with tudinal stripe; pronotum and elytron with yel­ other claw, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified low lateral margin. Body ovate, strongly metatarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase rugopunctate, clypeus rugose, punctures mod­ approximately 1.1 times longer than length of erate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal su­ parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, ture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. setose, weakly dorsoventrally flattened (Fig. Eyes separated by approximately 4.3 trans­ 16). verse eye-widths. Labrum moderately punc­ Female (n=436). Length 18.2-28.7 mm, tate, with moderately large, setose punctures, width 10.8-17.5 mm (Fig. 41). As male except setae tawny. Apex of labrum with truncate, in the following respects. Legs: Protibia with triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth over­ 3 teeth in apical half, apical 2 teeth subequal lapping apex of mentum. Mandibular in size, third tooth small, obsolete. Tarsomere scissorial region with 2 teeth, molar region 4 without internoapical stridulatory ridge. with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 2 teeth, Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ outer tooth cup-shaped. Mentum with fied protarsal and mesotarsal claw with ven­ apicomedial tooth curved into oral cavity. An­ tral tooth, not thickened. tenna 9-segmented; club slightly shorter than other segments combined, slightly shorter DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface gla­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ brous, moderately to densely punctate, with lia by the following combination of characters: small and moderate punctures. Marginal labrum with a broad, triangular apical tooth bead weak laterally, absent elsewhere. strongly overlapping the mentum; antenna 9- Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae segmented; elytral striae 3 and 5 with distinct weakly impressed or not impressed, punc­ yellow coloration; meso thoracic process coni­ tate; punctures moderate with dark colora­ cal; protibia with 1 prominent tooth; protibial tion; intervals moderately punctate, apical tooth acuminate; protarsomere 5 with punctures small. Suture apically with acute an internoapical stridulatory tooth; protarsal spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.3 claw diagonally flattened; modified meso­ times length medially. Surface weakly convex, tarsal claw with the apex bifurcate, dorsoven­ densely punctate; punctures moderately large trally flattened; paramere with apex to moderate, setose (near apex); setae short, distinctly expanded. tawny. Venter: Thorax moderately setose, se­ tae cream colored. Mesothoracic process pro­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 40). Andes Mountains jecting anteriorly past mesocoxa, weakly from southern Peru to Northern Argentina. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 47

Fig. 41. Platycoelia inflata female. 48 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

LOCALITY DATA. 634 specimens examined 3. Platycoelia nervosa Kirsch, 1871 from ABTS, AMNH, ANCB, ANSP, ARLG, (Fig. 42) BCRC, BDGC, BMNH, CASC, CBAC, CMNC, DJCC, EAPZ, FCOC, FMNH, FSCA, HAHC, Platycoelia nervosa Kirsch, 1871 (valid name) HNHM, LACM, MCZC, MGFT, MLJC, MLPA, CATALOG. Platycoelia nervosa, Kirsch MNHN, MNNC, NHMB, RACC, RFMC, SLTC, 1871:369 [original description]; Ohaus SMFD, SMTD, UAlC, UCDC, UCRC, UNSM, 1904b:285, 287, 289, 338, 341 [redescription]; USNM, ZMHB, ZMUH, ZSMC. Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:57 PERU (27). CUSCO (6): Paucartambo, Quince [catalog listing); Machatschke 1972:301 [cata­ Mil. JUNIN (8): Chanchamayo, La Merced, log listing]; Martinez 1976:329 [comparison Perene, Vitoc. MADRE DE DIOS (7): Avispas. with Platycoelia scutellata). NO DATA (6). TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia nervosa BOLIVIA (99). CHUQUISACA (1): Monteagudo. Kirsch lectotype female at SMTD labeled a) COCHABAMBA (44): Chapare, Cochabamba, "Bogota Kirsch" (green label, handwritten), b) Cristal-Mayu, Incachaca, Vacas. LA PAZ (7): "Type" (green label, handwritten), c) "Typus!" Guanay, Mapiri, Yanacachi, Yungas de La Paz. (pink label, typeface), d) "PLATYCOELIA POTOSI (2): No Data. SANTA CRUZ (28): NERVOSA KIRSCH 9 LECTOTYPE A.B. T. Comarapa, Mataral, Samaipata, Santa Cruz No SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and Data. TARIJA (9): Salinas, Villa Montes, typeface), e) "nervosa Kirsch 1870" (green la­ Yacuiba. NO DATA (8). bel, handwritten). Lectotype here desig­ nated. See Methods and Materials section for ARGENTINA (488). CATAMARCA (40): a statement of taxonomic purpose. Kirsch Andalgahi, Belen, EI Alto, EI Rodeo, La (1871) did not state how many specimens Merced, La Vifia, Los Angeles, Mutquin. were in the original type series. The existence JUJUY (59): Jujuy, Parque Nacional and location of paralectotypes are unknown. Calilegua, Quemado, Rio Lozano. LA RIOJA Type locality: Bogota, Colombia. (2): Chuquis. SALTA (258): Campo Quijano, Cerrillos, Chicoana (12 km W), Coronel DESCRIPTION. Male (n=2). Length 19.3- Moldes, EI Carril, EI Naranjo, La Caldera 24.1 mm, width 11.9-14.4 mm. Color olive (20 km N), Las Viboras, Macueta, Metan, green (sometimes darkened to brownish­ Parque N acional EI Rey, Rosario de Lerma, green); elytral interval 3, 5 with lighter green, Salta, San Carlos, San Lorenzo, San Martin, longitudinal stripe; head, pronotum, scutel­ Tablillas, Urundel. TucuMAN (96): Ciudad lum, elytron with yellow lateral margin. Body Universitaria, EI Infiernillo, La Criolla, ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface Monteros, Quebrada de Lules, Rio Tapia, San glabrous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus Javier, San Miguel de Tucuman, San Pedro de rugopunctate, punctures moderate. Frons not Colalao, Tacanas, Tafi del Valle, Villa depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Nougues. NO DATA (33). Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ proximately 3.8 transverse eye-widths. La­ No DATA (20). brum densely punctate, with moderately Two specimens labeled "Columbia" were large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of considered to have no data. labrum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth overlapping apex of mentum. Mandibu­ TEMPORAL DATA. January (105), Febru­ lar scissorial region with 2 teeth, molar region ary (239), March (22), April (15), May (2), July with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 cup­ (2), August (2), September (13), October (13), shaped teeth. Mentum with apicomedial tooth November (31), December (83). curved into oral cavity. Antenna 9-segmented; club slightly shorter than other segments combined, slightly shorter than length of MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 49

* Platycoelia nervosa • Platycoelia marginata o Platycoelia meridensis

•• -----.------'------~ Fig. 42. Distribution of Platycoelia nervosa, P. marginata, and P. meridensis in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely cept glabrous medially), setae cream colored. punctate, with small and moderate punc­ Mesothoracic process projecting anteriorly to tures. Marginal bead weak laterally, absent pro coxa, weakly diamond shaped, dorsoven­ elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu­ trally flattened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical dinal striae not impressed, punctate; punc­ spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 1 tures moderate with dark coloration; apical tooth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest intervals sparsely punctate, punctures small. medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, Suture apically with weak spine. Pygidium: cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with interno­ Width approximately 2.4 times length medi­ apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with ally. Surface weakly convex, moderately to internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Mesotar­ densely punctate; punctures moderately large somere and metatarsomere 5 with interno­ to moderate, setose (near apex); setae short, medial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, tawny. Venter: Thorax moderately setose (ex- with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw 50 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

length slightly shorter than protarsomere 5, 4. Platycoelia marginata thickened and elongate when compared with Burmeister, 1844 other claw, diagonally flattened, apex un­ (Figs. 42, 43) evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal claw thickened, elongate when compared with Platycoelia marginata Burmeister, 1844 other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex un­ (valid name) evenly bifurcate. Modified metatarsal claw Platycoelia olivacea Blanchard, 1851 (junior elongate, with ventral tooth, not thickened. synonym) Male Genitalia: Parameres approximately 1.4 Platycoelia laevis Burmeister, 1855 (junior times longer than length of phallobase. synonym) Parameres with apex rounded, slightly dors­ Platycoelia scutellata Guerin-Meneville, 1855 oventrally flattened, weakly expanded. (junior synonym) Female (n=9). Length 21.7-26.4 mm, CATALOG. Platycoelia marginata, width 13.3-15.3 mm. As male except in the Burmeister 1844:453 [original description); following respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 Blanchard 1851:227 [catalog listing); without internoapical stridulatory ridge. Burmeister 1855:525 [key to species of Platy­ Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ coelia); Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); fied protarsal and mesotarsal claw with ven­ Harold 1869: 1230 [catalog listing); Ohaus tral tooth, not thickened. 1904b:282, 284, 285, 287, 289,290, 325, 338, 340 [redescription); Ohaus 1905:121, 167 DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished [comparison with Leucopelaea, illustration); from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder lia by the following combination of characters: 1944:247 [checklist); Ohaus 1952:9 [distribu­ labrum with a broad, triangular apical tooth tion); Machatschke 1965:57, 145 [catalog list­ strongly overlapping mentum; antenna 9-seg­ ing, illustration); Machatschke 1972:301 mented; elytral striae 3 and 5 with light green [catalog listing); Martinez 1976:328 [compari­ coloration; mesothoracic process conical; son with Platycoelia scutellata); Martinez and protibia with 1 prominent tooth; protibial api­ Martinez 1994:548 [comparison with Platy­ cal tooth acuminate; protarsomere 5 with an coelia selanderi). internoapical stridulatory tooth; protarsal Platycoelia olivacea, Blanchard 1851:227 claw diagonally flattened; modified meso­ [original description); Burmeister 1855:525 tarsal claw with the apex bifurcate, dorsoven­ [listed as male of Platycoelia laevis); trally flattened; apex of paramere distinctly Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); Harold expanded. 1869:1230 [catalog listing as synonym of Platycoeliaprasina); Ohaus 1904b:338 [check­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 42). Eastern slope of list as possible synonym of Platycoelia the Andes Mountains from central Colombia marginata); Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing to central Ecuador. as synonym of Platycoelia marginata); Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist as synonym LOCALITY DATA. 11 specimens examined of Platycoelia marginata); Machatschke from FMNH, ISNB, QCAZ, SMTD, UMRM, 1965:57 [catalog listing as synonym of Platy­ ZMHB. coelia marginata); Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listing as synonym of Platycoelia COLOMBIA (6). BOYACA (3): Muzo. DISTRITO marginata). CAPITAL (2): Bogota. NO DATA (1). Platycoelia laevis, Burmeister 1855:525 [original description, key to species of Platy­ ECUADOR (5). MORONA SANTIAGO (1): coelia); Ohaus 1904b:284 [placed in synonymy Macas. NAPO (1): Sarayacu. PASTAZA (2): with Platycoelia marginata); Ohaus 1918: 177, Canelos, Mera. SUCUMBIOS (1): Lumbaqui. 178 [catalog listing as synonym of Platycoelia prasina and Platycoelia marginata); Black­ TEMPORAL DATA. August (1), December (2). welder 1944:247 [checklist as synonym of MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 51

Platycoelia marginata and Platycoelia ment oftaxonomic purpose. Blanchard (1851) prasinal; Machatschke 1965:57 [catalog list­ did not explicitly state how many specimens ing as synonym of Platycoelia marginatal; were in the type series. The existence and lo­ Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listing as syn­ cation of paralectotypes are unknown. First onym of Platycoelia marginatal. placed in synonymy with P. marginata by Platycoelia scutellata, Guerin-Meneville Ohaus (1904b). Ohaus (1904b) discussed the 1855:585 [original descriptionl; Harold variability (especially of color) of P. marginata 1869:1230 [catalog listingl; Ohaus 1904b:284, when he placed P. olivacea in synonymy. Af­ 338 [redescriptionl; Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog ter examination of the lectotype, I concur listingl; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklistl; with his decision and maintain the syonymy. Ohaus 1952:9 [distributionl; Machatschke Type locality: Andes Mountains of northern 1965:57 [catalog listingl; Machatschke South America (Blanchard [1851l stated 1972:301 [catalog listingl; Martinez 1976:328, "Bresil" in the original description but this is 335 [redescriptionl; Martinez and Martinez erroneous). 1994:545, 548 [comparison with Platycoelia Platycoelia laevis Burmeister lectotype selanderil. male at MLUH labeled a) "PLATYCOELIA Platycoelia levis (=Platycoelia laevis, LAEVIS BURMEISTER LECTOTYPE AB.T. lapsus calami), Harold 1869:1230 [catalog SMITH 2001" (red label, handwritten and listing as synonym of Platycoelia prasinal; typeface), b) "laevis * Columbo Merida [illeg­ Ohaus 1904b:338 [checklist as synonym of iblel" (green label, handwritten), c) "Platycoe­ Platycoelia marginatal. lia marginata Burmeister, 1844 a Det: AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia marginata here designated. See Methods and Materi­ Burmeister lectotype male at MLUH labeled als section for a statement of taxonomic pur­ a) "Merida" (handwritten), b) "PLATYCOE­ pose. One female paralectotype at MLUH LIA MARGINATA BURMEISTER a DET: labeled a) "PLATYCOELIA LAEVIS BUR­ AB.T.SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, MEISTER 9 PARALECTOTYPE DET: handwritten and typeface), c) "marginata * AB.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ Quito Dup." (green label, handwritten). Lec­ ten and typeface), b) "Platycoelia marginata totype here designated. See Methods and Burmeister, 18449 Det:AB.T. Smith 2002" Materials section for a statement of taxonomic (typeface). Burmeister (1855) did not state purpose. One female paralectotype at MLUH how many specimens were in the type series. labeled a) "PLATYCOELIA MARGINATA The existence and location of other para­ BURMEISTER 9 PARALECTOTYPE DET: lectotypes are unknown. First placed in syn­ AB.T. SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ onymy with P. marginata by Ohaus (1904b). ten and typeface). Burmeister (1844) did not Ohaus (1904b) commented that Burmeister state how many specimens were in the type (1844) described P. laevis using a discolored, series. The existence and location of other large specimen of P. marginata when he paralectotypes are unknown. Type locality: placed the two names in synonymy. Mter ex­ Merida, Venezuela. amination of the lectotype I concur with his Platycoelia olivacea Blanchard lectotype decision and maintain the syonymy. Type lo­ male at MNHN labeled a) "4 51" (round label, cality: Merida, Venezuela. green on upperside, handwritten on under­ Platycoelia scutellata Guerin-Meneville side), b) "P. olivacea. Cat. Mus. Bresil." (green lectotype male at MNHN labeled a) "Scutel­ label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA lata Boliv Guerin Type" (handwritten), b) OLIVACEA BLANCHARD LECTOTYPE "Ex.MusIBo Mniszech" (typeface), c) "Dr AB.T.8MITH 2001" (red label, handwritten Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ and typeface), d) "Platycoelia marginata COELIA SCUTELLATA GUERIN-MENE­ Burmeister, 1844 a Det:AB. T.Smith 2002" VILLE LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (typeface). Lectotype here designated. See (red label, handwritten and typeface), e) Methods and Materials section for a state- "Platycoelia marginata Burmeister, 1844 a 52 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype DESCRIPTION. Male (n=334). Length 17.8- here designated. See Methods and Materi­ 26.4 mm, width 9.5-14.6 mm. Color of dorsal als section for a statement of taxonomic pur­ surface olive green to lime green or yellow pose. Although the lectotype is labeled "Boliv," (sometimes darkened to brownish-green or this species does not occur in Bolivia. Gaetano dark yellow); pronotum, scutellum, elytron Osculati collected the lectotype in the N apo sometimes with yellow lateral margin; scutel­ region of Ecuador during his trip there in lum sometimes yellow. Ventral surface black 1847 (Guerin-Meneville 1855; Papavero to dark brown medially, sometimes olive 1973). The description of P. scutellata by green or yellowish-green laterally. Body ovate, Guerin-Meneville (1855) did not explicitly convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons state where the type series was collected. The densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, purpose of that paper was to describe beetles punctures moderate. Frons not depressed. collected by Gaetano Osculati (also spelled Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex Cajetano Osculati) during his travels to Ar­ rounded. Eyes separated by approximately gentina, Chile, and Peru (1834-1836) and Ec­ 3.0 transverse eye-widths. Labrum densely uador and Brazil (1847-1848) (Guerin­ punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ Meneville 1855). Although the lectotype was tures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with tri­ labeled "Boliv," this specimen was obviously angular, medial tooth, apex of tooth collected on the eastern slopes of the Andes overlapping apex of mentum. Mandibular Mountains in Ecuador. This is evident from scissorial region with 1 tooth, molar region the distinct coloration of the abdominal ster­ with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 cup­ nites (dark brown medially, green laterally) shaped teeth. Mentum apically with medial and the large size (26.8 mm long) character­ tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna 9-seg­ istic of P. marginata specimens collected in mented; club approximately equal to other Napo, Ecuador. According to a published itin­ segments combined, approximately equal to erary of Osculati's trip (Papavero 1973); he length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, collected around Baeza, Cosanga, and moderately to densely punctate, with small Archidona in Ecuador from 19 June - 28 July and moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak 1847. This is undoubtedly when the lectotype laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface was collected. It is unknown how the lectotype glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly im­ got from Osculati to Mniszech (and ultimately pressed or not impressed, punctate; punc­ to the MNHN); but at the time it was common tures moderate with dark coloration; for insect collectors to buy, sell, and trade intervals sparsely punctate, punctures small. specimens. The name P. scutellata was erro­ Suture apically with acute spine (sometimes neously used for specimens of P. selanderi worn down). Pygidium: Width approximately from southern Peru and Bolivia by several 1. 7 times length medially. Surface weakly authors, including Ohaus (1904b), Martinez convex, sparsely to moderately punctate; (1976), and Martinez and Martinez (1994). punctures moderately large to moderate, se­ Platycoelia scutellata is a larger form of P. tose (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: marginata that occurs on the eastern slope of Thorax moderately setose (glabrous medi­ the Andes Mountains. There are no consistent ally), setae cream colored. Mesothoracic pro­ differences between the character states of cess projecting anteriorly past mesocoxa; the eastern Ecuadorian and other popula­ shape conical, ventrally flattened. Abdomen tions. Therefore these names are here syn­ sparsely setose to glabrous. Apical spiracles onymized. Guerin-Meneville (1855) did not not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 1 apical explicitly state how many specimens were in tooth (second weak tooth sometimes visible). the type series. The existence and location Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. ofparalectotypes are unknown. Type locality: Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ in the vicinity of Baeza, Cosanga, and shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical Archidona in Napo, Ecuador. NEW SYN­ stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with ONYMY. internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 53 tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with or with­ Timotes, Valle Grande. TAcHIRA (2): out internal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ Betania. TRUJILLO (8): Bocono, Escora, Teta drical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal de Niquitao. NO DATA (12). claw approximately equal in length to protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when COLOMBIA (24). BOYACA (1): Villa de Leiva. compared with other claw, diagonally flat­ CAUCA (1): No Data. CUNDINAMARCA (3): tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified Cordillera de Veraguas, Monterredondo. mesotarsal and metatarsal claw elongate, DISTRITO CAPITAL (7): Bogota. HUILA (2): with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ Gigante. NORTE DE SANTANDER (1): talia: Phallobase approximately 1.1 times Pamplona (13 km SW). QUINDIO (1): longer than length of parameres. Parameres Salento. NO DATA (8). with apex rounded, setose, expanded. Female (n=167). Length 19.0-29.4 mm, ECUADOR (187). AZUAY (3): Cuenca, Valle de width 10.2-15.5 mm (Fig. 43). As male except Yunguilla. CARCHI (6): Maldonado (18 km in the following respects. Legs: Protibia with SE), Tufino (50 km W), Tulcan. 3 distinct teeth in apical half. Protarsomere 4 CHIMBORAZO (2): Riobamba. COTOPAXI without internoapical stridulatory ridge. (5): Otongo. IMBABURA (26): Atuntaqui, Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ Chachimbiro, Cotacachi, Ibarra, Lago San fied protarsal and mesotarsal claw with ven­ Pablo, Otavalo, Peguche. LOJA (9): Loja, tral tooth, not thickened. Rocafuerte, San Lucas. NAPO (50): Baeza, Cosanga, Hacienda San Isidro, Las Palmas, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished Papallacta (11 km W), Puente Azuela, Rio from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Chapli Grande, Rio Salado, Sarayacu, lia by the following combination of charac­ Sierrazul. PASTAZA (2): Canelos. PICHIN­ ters: labrum with a broad, triangular apical CHA (70): Aloag, Argelia, Chiriboga, tooth strongly overlapping the mentum; an­ Conocoto, Guayllabamba, Hacienda La tenna 9-segmented; mesothoracic process cy­ Esperie, La Armenia, La Virgen, Las lindrical; metasternum brown to black; Laureles, Machachi (26 km WNW), N ayon, abdominal sternites dark brown to black (at Quito, Palmeras, Puerto Quito, Rio Guajalito, least medially); protibia with 1 prominent San Antonio de Pichincha, San Rafael, tooth; protibial apical tooth acuminate; Tandapi, Tinalandia, Toachi, Valle de los protarsomere 5 with an internoapical stridu­ Chillos. SUCUMBIOS (10): Dureno, latory tooth; modified mesotarsal claw with a Lumbaqui, Reventador, Santa Barbara, ventral tooth; paramere with apex distinctly Sebundoy. TUNGURAHUA (1): Banos. expanded. ZAMORA CHINCHIPE (2): Zamora. NO DATA (1). DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 42). Eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from western Venezu­ PERU (5). AMAZONAS (1): Chachapoyas (70 ela to northern Peru. km E). CAJAMARCA (2): Hacienda Taulis. SAN MARTIN (2): Almirante (55 km W of LOCALITY DATA. 501 specimens examined Rioja), Huallaga. from ABTS, AJRC, AMNH, ANSP, BMNH, CASC, CMNC, CMNH, CNCI, DCCC, DEIC, No DATA (4). DJCC, FGIC, FMNH, FSCA, HAHC, HNHM, HSIC, ISNB, LACM, LEMQ, MGFT, MIZA, TEMPORAL DATA. January (18), February MLUH, MNHN, QCAZ, RACC, SEMC, SLTC, (37), March (15), April (13), May (26), June SMFD, SMTD, UNSM, USNM, VMCP, (13), July (3), August (3), September (10), Oc­ ZMHB. tober (28), November (36), December (10).

VENEZUELA (281). MERIDA (259): Chachopo, Culata, La Mucuy, Merida, Santo Domingo, 54 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 43. Platycoelia marginata female. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 55

5. Platycoelia meridensis new punctate, clypeus rugopunctate. Frons not species depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. (Figs. 42, 44) Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ rated by approximately 3.5 transverse eye­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female widths. Labrum moderately punctate, with allotype and 15 paratypes (1 male, 14 female). moderately large, setose punctures, setae Holotype male at MIZA labeled "Venezuela tawny. Apex oflabrum with small, triangular, Meri-da. 2,200 m 12-VIII-1976," "La Mucuy," medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlap­ "Donacion Mattei" and "LA MUCUY Edo. ping with apex of mentum. Apex of mentum MERIDA 2200 mts 12-VIII-76." Allotype fe­ with medial tooth curved into oral cavity. An­ male and one female paratype at MIZA, one tenna 9-segmented; club approximately equal female paratype at ABTS, and one female to other segments combined, approximately paratype at UNSM labeled "Venezuela Meri­ equal to length of clypeus. Pronotum: Surface da. 2000 m.," "La Mucuy 8-14-VIII-88," and glabrous, moderately punctate, with small "col. F. Cerda." One male paratype at ABTS and moderate punctures. Marginal bead labeled "La Mucuy, 2300 m (Edo. Merida) weak laterally, absent apically and basally. VENEZ. Bordon leg. 13 VIII 1978." One fe­ Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae male paratype at MIZA labeled "Venezuela impressed, punctate, punctures moderate. Meri-da. 2000 m. 8-14-VIII-88," "La Mucuy," Sutural apex angled, without spine. Py­ and "col. F. Cerda." One female paratype at gidium: Width approximately 2.1 times CBAC labeled "La Mucuy, 2300 Tabay length medially. Surface weakly convex, (MERIDA) VENEZ. Bordon leg. 19-31 V sparsely punctate; punctures moderate, se­ 1977." One female paratype at MIZA labeled tose (near apex); setae long, tawny. Venter: ''Venezuela- La Mucuy Merida 2,400 m. 7-IX- Thorax densely setose, setae cream colored. 56" and "C.J.Rosales col." Three female Mesothoracic process projecting anteriorly to paratypes at CMNC and one female paratype procoxa; shape conical, dorsoventrally flat­ at ABTS labeled "VEN: Merida, Tabay tened. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae cream LaMucuyValley 15.VI-30.VII.89 agric. Zone, colored. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: UVlight 1900m, S&JPeck." One female Protibia with 1 apical tooth. Mesotibia and paratype at ZMHB labeled "Merida (Venez.) metatibia widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 14.7.1934 Farenholtz E. 6687," "9," and wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 "Platycoelia limbata Ohs." One female with apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere paratype at CBAC labeled "Mucuchies 5 with internomedial tooth. Mesotarsomere 2700m. Merida. VENEZ. Bordon 16 VI 93." and metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth. One female paratype at ABTS labeled Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical "VENEZUELA: Merida Tabay, La Mucuy 19- setae. Modified protarsal claw length ap­ 31 V 1977 2300 m C. Bordon." One male proximately equal to protarsomere 5, greatly paratype at UCDC labeled "La Mucuy thickened and elongate when compared with Pedraza Barinas VZLA VIII 4 1979" and "R. other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex un­ W. Brooks A. A. Grigarick J. McLaughlin R. evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and O. Schuster." Type locality: La Mucuy, metatarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, Merida, Venezuela. not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1.2 times longer than length of HOLOTYPE. Male: length 19.4 mm, width parameres. Paramere with apex rounded, se­ 11.3 mm. Color of dorsal surface olive green; tose, expanded. elytral intervals 2, 4, 6 yellow; elytral margin with thick yellow stripe. Ventral surface olive ALLOTYPE. Female: length 21.3 mm, width green to brownish-green. Body ovate, convex. 12.3 mm. As holotype except in the following Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely respects. Legs: Protibia with 3 distinct teeth 56 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 44. Platycoelia meridensis female. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 57 in apical half. Protarsomere 4 without apical 6. Platycoelia selanderi Martinez stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without and Martinez, 1994 internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw elon­ (Figs. 45, 46) gate, with ventral tooth, not thickened. Platycoelia selanderi Martinez and Martinez, VARIATION. Male (n=!). Length 23.3-23.5 1994 (valid name) mm, width 12.9-13.4 mm. Female (n=14). CATALOG. Platycoelia selanderi, Martinez Length 18.9-23.2 mm, width 11.3-13.7 mm and Martinez 1994:545 [original descriptionJ. (Fig. 44). The paratypes differ from the holo­ type and allotype in the following respects. TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia selanderi Color sometimes yellow to dark yellow. Martinez and Martinez holotype male at MACN labeled a) "ARGENTINA SALTA DQ ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia meridensis is Capital San Lorenzo ColI. Martinez Ene.-948" named after the region of Venezuela to which (handwritten), b) "HOLOTYPUS" (orange la­ it is endemic. bel, typeface), c) "Platycoelia selanderi (J sp. nov. Adrian y AMARTINEZ-DET.1992" (red DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished label, handwritten and typeface), d) "Platy­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ coelia limbata Ohs R. Gutierrez-Det.50" lia by the following combination of charac­ (handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATYCOE­ ters: labrum with a broad, triangular apical LIA SELANDERI MARTINEZ & MARTINEZ tooth strongly overlapping the mentum; an­ (J HOLOTYPE" (red label, handwritten and tenna 9-segmented; mesothoracic process cy­ typeface). Allotype female at MACN labeled a) lindrical; protibia with 2 prominent teeth; "ARGENTINA SALTA DQ La Caldera EI protibial apical tooth acuminate; protar­ Ucumar, 1550 m. ColI. Martinez Dic.-985" somere 5 with an internoapical stridulatory (handwritten), b) "ALLOTYPUS" (orange la­ tooth; modified mesotarsal claw with a ven­ bel, typeface), c) "Platycoelia selanderi 9 sp. tral tooth; paramere with apex distinctly ex­ nov. Adrian y AMARTINEZ-DET.1992" (red panded. label, handwritten and typeface), d) "PLATY­ COELIA SELANDERI MARTINEZ & DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 42). Merida province MARTINEZ 9 ALLOTYPE" (red label, hand­ in Venezuela. written and typeface). One male paratype at HAHC labeled a) "ARGENTINA JUJUY DQ LOCALITY DATA. 18 specimens examined Capital Yala Prosen-Ieg. ColI-Martinez" from ABTS, CBAC, CMNC, MIZA, UCDC, (handwritten), b) "H. & A HOWDEN COL­ ZMHB. LECTION ex. A Martinez colI." (typeface), c) "PARATIPO" (typeface), d) "Platycoelia VENEZUELA (17). MERIDA (17): La Mucuy, selanderi (J sp. nov. Adrian y A.MARTINEZ­ Mucuchies, Tabay, No Data. DET.1992" (handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA SELANDERI MARTINEZ No DATA (1). & MARTINEZ (J PARATYPE" (yellow label, One female specimen at ZMHB was la­ handwritten and typeface). One female beled "Borneo." I excluded this specimen from paratype at HAHC labeled a) "ARGENTINA the type series because of the erroneous label SALTA DQ La Caldera EI Ucumar ColI. data. Martinez Feb.-982" (handwritten), b) "H. &A. HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez TEMPORAL DATA. May (2). June (1), July colI." (typeface), c) "PARATIPO" (typeface), d) (6), August (7), November (1). "Platycoelia selanderi 9 sp. nov. Adrian y AMARTINEZ-DET.1992" (handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA SELANDERI MARTINEZ & MARTINEZ 9 PARATYPE" (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). 58 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

There are a holotype, allotype, and two tate; punctures moderately large to moderate, paratypes in the type series (Martinez and setose (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Martinez 1994). Martinez and Martinez Thorax moderately setose (glabrous medi­ (1994) considered that Bolivian and Peruvian ally), setae tawny. Mesothoracic process pro­ specimens that they saw were a different spe­ jecting anteriorly just basal to procoxa; shape cies. My definition of this species is much conical, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen broader than their ideas and I could find no sparsely setose to glabrous. Apical spiracles consistent character states differing between not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 1 apical the Argentinian specimens and the specimens tooth (second and third weak teeth sometimes from Bolivia and Peru. Martinez and visible). Mesotibia and metatibia widest me­ Martinez (1994) erroneously considered these dially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, specimens to be P. scutellata (a synonym of P. cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with interno­ marginata that does not occur in these coun­ apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with tries). Type locality: San Lorenzo, Salta, Ar­ internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Mesotar­ gentina. so mere and metatarsomere 5 with interno­ medial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=132). Length 19.5- with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw 24.3 mm, width 10.7-14.0 mm (Fig. 45). Color approximately equal in length to protar­ of dorsal surface olive green to lime green or somere 5, thickened and elongate when com­ yellow (sometimes darkened to brownish­ pared with other claw, diagonally flattened, green or dark yellow); pronotum, scutellum, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal elytron sometimes with yellow lateral margin; claw weakly thickened and elongate when scutellum sometimes yellow. Ventral surface compared with other claw, diagonally flat­ olive green or yellow; metasternum with black tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified to dark brown medial line (sometimes wid­ metatarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, ened); abdominal sternites with apical and not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase ap­ basal latitudinal black lines, middle of each proximately 1.1 times longer than length of sternite olive green. Body ovate, convex. parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely setose, expanded. punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures Female (n=199). Length 21.2-28.9 mm, moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal width 12.2-15.1 mm. As male except in the fol­ suture complete. Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes lowing respects. Legs: Protibia with 3 distinct separated by approximately 3.2 transverse teeth in apical half. Protarsomere 3-4 without eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protar­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae so mere 5 without internal tooth. Modified tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ protarsal and mesotarsal claw with ventral dial tooth, apex of tooth overlapping apex of tooth, not thickened. mentum. Mentum apically with medial tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna 9-segmented; DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished club approximately equal to other segments from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ combined, slightly longer than frons. lia by the following combination of characters: Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ labrum with a broad, triangular apical tooth tate, with small and moderate punctures. strongly overlapping the mentum; antenna 9- Marginal bead weak laterally, absent else­ segmented; mesothoracic process cylindrical; where. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudi­ metasternum with a brown to black medial nal striae not impressed, punctate; punctures patch; abdominal sternites with dark apical moderate with dark coloration; intervals and basal borders; protibia with 1 prominent sparsely punctate, punctures small. Suture tooth; protibial apical tooth acuminate; apically angled (sometimes with weak, poste­ protarsomere 5 with an internoapical stridu­ riorly projecting nub). Pygidium: Width ap­ latory tooth; modified mesotarsal claw with proximately 2.1 times length medially. the apex bifurcate, dorsoventrally flattened; Surface convex, sparsely to moderately punc- paramere with apex distinctly expanded. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 59

Fig. 45. Platycoelia selanderi male. 60 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

• • •.. •

• Platycoelia selanderi 1:1 Platycoelia prasina o Platycoelia simp/icim'

Fig. 46. Distribution of Platycoelia selanderi, P. prasina, and P. simplicior in Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina.

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 46). Occurs on the BOLIVIA (296). COCHABAMBA (253): Alto eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from Palmar, Chapare, Cochabamba, Corani, central Peru to northern Argentina. Incachaca, Limbo, Santa Cruz - Cochabamba Road (km 365), Yungas del Palmar. LA PAZ LOCALITY DATA. 331 specimens examined (8): La Paz. SANTA CRUZ (28): Parque from ABTS, AMNH, BCRC, CASC, CBAC, Nacional Amboro, Santa Cruz. NO DATA (7). CMNH, CNCI, DJCC, FMNH, HARC, HNHM, LACM, MACN, MGFT, MLJC, MLPA, MXAL, ARGENTINA (4). JUJUY (1): Yala. SALTA (3): OSAC, SLTC, UCRC, USNM, ZSMC. EI Ucumar, San Lorenzo.

PERU (30). AYACUCHO (1): Ayacucho. CUSCO No DATA (1). (24): Buenos Aires, Calca (80 km N), Machu­ picchu, Quince Mil, Rio Pampaconas, Valle de TEMPORAL DATA. January (9), February Lares (75 km NW Calca). HUANCAVELICA (72), March (20), April (22), June (3), August (1): Mayocc. JUNIN (1): Acobamba. MADRE DE (1), September (7), October (58), November DIOS (3): Bosque de las Nublas (Puente Union). (9), December (19). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 61

7. Platycoelia prasina Erichson, 2002" (typeface). Lectotype here desig­ 1847 nated. See Methods and Materials section for (Figs. 17, 46) a statement of taxonomic purpose. Ohaus (1904b) did not state how many specimens Platycoelia prasina Erichson, 1847 (valid were in the type series. The existence and lo­ name) cation of paralectotypes are unknown. Al­ Platycoelia limbata Ohaus, 1904 (junior syn­ though P. prasina has some variable traits, I onym) could find no consistent differences that jus­ CATALOG. Platycoelia prasina, Erichson tify maintaining P. limbata as a separate spe­ 1847:100 [original description]; Blanchard cies. Therefore I am synonymizing the two 1851:227 [catalog listing]; Burmeister names. The specimens of P. prasina that I ex­ 1855:525 [listed as female of Platycoelia amined from Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina are laevis]; Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution]; variable within each area and more speci­ Harold 1869: 1230 [catalog listing]; Bates mens will have to be examined to properly 1891b:29 [distribution]; Ohaus 1904b:322, assess this variation. Type locality: Salta, 339 [redescription]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog Argentina. NEW SYNONYMY. listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Ohaus 1952:8 [distribution]; Machatschke DESCRIPTION. Male (n=15). Length 17.2- 1965:59 [catalog listing]; Machatschke 21.2 mm, width 9.6-12.8 mm. Color of dorsal 1972:303 [catalog listing]. surface olive green; pronotum, scutellum, Platycoelia limbata, Ohaus 1904b:288, elytron with yellow margins. Ventral surface 338 [original description]; Ohaus 1909b:441 yellowish-green to olive green, metasternum [comparison with Platycoelia simplicior]; sometimes with dark medial patch. Body Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:57 Frons densely punctate, clypeus rugo­ [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:301 [cata­ punctate, punctures moderate. Frons not de­ log listing]; Martinez 1976:328 [comparison pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. with Platycoelia scutellata]. Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ proximately 4.3 transverse eye-widths. La­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia prasina brum densely punctate, with moderately Erichson lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of "11468" (typeface), b) "Type" (orange label, labrum with small, triangular, medial tooth, typeface), c) "Prasina (N.) Er. * Peru. Pavon" apex of tooth weakly overlapping apex of men­ (green label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOE­ tum. Mandibular scissorial region with 2 LIA PRASINA ERICHSON (J DET: A.B.T. teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. SMITH 2002 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ Maxilla with 3 cup-shaped teeth. Mentum written and typeface). Lectotype here des­ apical tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna ignated. See Methods and Materials section 9-segmented; club approximately equal to for a statement of taxonomic purpose. other segments combined, slightly longer Erichson (1847) did not state how many speci­ than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface gla­ mens were in the type series. The existence brous, moderately punctate, with small and and location of paralectotypes are unknown. moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak Type locality: Peru. laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface Platycoelia limbata lectotype male at glabrous; longitudinal striae impressed, punc­ ZMHB labeled a) "Rep.Argent. Salta" (type­ tate; punctures moderate with dark coloration; face), b) "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "PI. intervals impunctate. Suture apically angled, limb at a Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), d) without acute spine (sometimes with weak "PLATYCOELIA LIMBATA ORADS (J LEC­ nub). Pygidium: Width approximately 1.9 TOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, times length medially. Surface weakly convex, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia sparsely to moderately punctate; punctures prasina Erichson, 1847 (J Det: A.B.T. Smith moderately large to moderate, setose (near 62 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax mod­ so mere 5 with an internoapical stridulatory erately setose (except glabrous medially), se­ tooth; modified mesotarsal claw with the apex tae cream colored. Mesothoracic process bifurcate, dorsoventrally flattened; paramere projecting anteriorly to procoxa; cylindrical, with apex distinctly expanded. dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles weakly extruding. Legs: DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 46). Andes Mountains Protibia with 1 apical tooth, 2 short, obsolete from southern Peru to northern Argentina. medial teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, LOCALITY DATA. 28 specimens examined cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4, mesotarsomere from BMNH, CASC, HAHC, MGFT, MLPA, 4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. MNHN, MNNC, SEMC, SMFD, ZMHB. Pro tars om ere 5 with internomedial, stri­ dulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatar­ PERU (6). APURIMAC (1): Abancay. somere 5 with internomedial tooth. HUANUCO (2): Cushi, Piedras Grandes. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical JUNIN (1): Chanchamayo. NO DATA (2). setae. Modified protarsal claw approximately equal in length to protarsomere 5, thick­ BOLIVIA (11). COCHABAMBA(10): Carrasco. ened and elongate when compared with LA PAZ (1): Sorata. other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal claw ARGENTINA (9). SALTA 0): No Data. thickened, elongate when compared with TUCUMAN (8): Tafi del Valle, Villa Nougues, other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex un­ No Data. evenly bifurcate. Modified metatarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, not thickened. No DATA (2). Male Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1.1 times longer than length of parameres. TEMPORAL DATA. January (6), February Parameres with apex rounded, setose, ex­ (1), March (2), April (1), November (2), Decem­ panded (Fig. 17). ber (8). Female (n=13). Length 18.5-20.9 mm, width 10.3-12.2 mm. As male except in the fol­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly 8. Platycoelia simplicior Ohaus, shorter than other segments combined. Legs: 1909 Protibia with 3 subequal in size teeth in api­ (Fig. 46) cal half. Protarsomere 4, mesotarsomere 4 without internoapical stridulatory ridge. Platycoelia simplicior Ohaus, 1904 (valid Protarsomere 5 without internomedial tooth. name) Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with CATALOG. Platycoelia simplicior, Ohaus internomedial tooth. Modified protarsal and 1909b:441 [original descriptionl; Ohaus mesotarsal claw elongate, with ventral tooth, 1918:178 [catalog listingl; Blackwelder not thickened. 1944:247 [checklistl; Machatschke 1972:301 [catalog listingl; Martinez 1976:328 [compari­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished son with Platycoelia scutellatal. from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ lia by the following combination of characters: TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia simplicior labrum with a broad, triangular apical tooth Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) strongly overlapping the mentum; antenna 9- "Typus!" (red label, typeface), b) "PI. simplicior segmented; elytral striae 3 and 5 with distinct Ohs." (red label, handwritten), c) "15" (hand­ yellow coloration; mesothoracic process cylin­ written), d) "ARGENTINA BOR. TUCUMAN, drical; protibia with 1 prominent tooth; TAFITAL (C. BRUCH VON DR. LILLO ERH.) protibial apical tooth acuminate; pro tar- - ORAUS 1909 Det:A.B.T. Smith 2002" (hand- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 63

written and typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA truding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth; 2 apical SIMPLICIOR OHAUS a LECTOTYPE teeth subequal in size, third tooth short, ob­ A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten solete. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medi­ and typeface). Lectotype here designated. ally. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, See Methods and Materials section for a cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with interno­ statement of taxonomic purpose. Ohaus apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 (1909b) did not explicitly state how many with internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso­ specimens were in the type series. The exist­ tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with ence and location of paralectotypes are un­ internomedial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ known. Type locality: Tafi del Valle, Tucuman, drical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal Argentina. claw approximately equal in length to protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate DESCRIPTION. Male (n=4). Length 16.6- when compared with other claw, dorsoven­ 17.7 mm, width 9.2-9.5 mm. Color of dorsal trally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. surface olive green, ventral surface yellowish­ Modified mesotarsal claw thickened, elon­ green. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ gate when compared with other claw, dors­ face glabrous. Frons densely punctate, oventrally flattened, apex unevenly clypeus rugose, punctures moderate. Frons bifurcate. Modified metatarsal claw elongate, not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ talia: Phallobase approximately 1.2 times proximately 3.7 transverse eye-widths. La­ longer than length of parameres. Parameres brum densely punctate, with moderately with apex rounded, setose, expanded. large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of Female: unknown. labrum with small, triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlapping apex of men­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished tum. Mandibular scissorial region with 2 from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. lia by the following combination of characters: Maxilla with 3 cup-shaped teeth. Mentum frons with scattered lateral setae; labrum apical tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna with a broad, triangular apical tooth strongly 9-segmented; club approximately equal to overlapping the mentum; antenna 9-seg­ other segments combined, approximately mented; mesothoracic process cylindrical; equal to length of frons. Pronotum: Surface protibial apical tooth acuminate; protar­ glabrous, densely punctate, with small and somere 5 with an internoapical stridulatory moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ tooth; modified mesotarsal claw with the apex erally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface gla­ bifurcate, dorsoventrally flattened; paramere brous; longitudinal striae impressed, with apex distinctly expanded. punctate; punctures moderate; intervals sparsely punctate, punctures moderate. Su­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 46). Known from ture apically angled, without acute spine Tucuman Province, Argentina. (sometimes with weak nub). Pygidium: Width approximately 1.9 times length medially. Sur­ LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined face weakly convex, moderately to densely from BMNH, HARC, ZMHB. punctate; punctures moderately large to mod­ erate, setose (near apex); setae short, tawny. ARGENTINA (4). TucuMAN (4): Cumbre del Venter: Thorax densely setose (except mod­ Garrabatal, Siamb6n, Tafi del Valle. erately setose medially), tawny colored. Mesothoracic process weakly projecting an­ TEMPORAL DATA. February (1), December teriorly past mesocoxa; cylindrical, dorso­ (1). ventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical spiracles not ex- 64 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

9. Platycoelia abdominalis Ohaus, ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH 1904 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (Figs. 5, 18,34,47) face). One female paralectotype at MNHN la­ beled a) "Perou Chanchamayo Thamm" Platycoelia abdominalis Ohaus, 1904 (valid (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. abdominalis name) Ohaus 9" (typeface and handwritten), c) "Dr CATALOG. Platycoelia abdominalis, Ohaus Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ 1904b:276, 297, 299, 338 [original descrip­ COELIA ABDOMINALIS OHAUS 9 PARA­ tion); Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration); Ohaus LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow 1918: 176 [catalog listing); Blackwelder label, handwritten and typeface). One female 1944:246 [checklist); Ohaus 1952:8 [distribu­ paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Chancha­ tion); Machatschke 1965:57 [catalog listing); mayo" (handwritten), b) "pomace a Erichs." Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing]. (handwritten), c) "Ex. Musceo H.W.BATES 1892" (typeface), d) "Ohaus determ. TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia abdomin­ abdominalis Ohaus 9" (typeface and hand­ alis Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled written), e) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), a) "Callanga Peru" (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red f) "PLATYCOELIA ABDOMINALIS ORAUS label, typeface), c) "PI. abdominalis Ohaus" 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One ABDOMINALIS OHAUS cJ DET: A.B.T. female paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ "Chanchamayo. Peru." (handwritten), b) "Ex. written and typeface). Lectotype here des­ Musceo D.8HARP 1890" (typeface), c) "Ohaus ignated. See Methods and Materials section determ. abdominalis Ohaus 9" (typeface and for a statement of taxonomic purpose. One handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) face), e) "PLATYCOELIA ABDOMINALIS "Callanga Peru" (typeface), b) "cJ" (typeface), ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH c) "Platycoelia abdominalis Cotype Ohs." (or­ 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ ange label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA face). The existence and location of other ABDOMINALIS OHAUS cJ PARALECTO­ specimens from Ohaus' original type series TYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2001" (yellow label, are unknown. Type locality: Callanga, Lima, handwritten and typeface). One male Peru. paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie Ocobamba G. Garlepp" (typeface), b) "Ohaus DESCRIPTION. Male (n=17). Length 19.5- determ. PI. abdominalis Ohaus cJ" (typeface 24.5 mm, width 12.0-14.3 mm. Color dorsally and handwritten), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." light green with yellow scutellum, thick (typeface), d) "PLATYCOELIA ABDOMIN­ elytral suture, head margins. Ventrally red­ ALIS OHAUS cJ PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. dish-brown abdominal sternites, metacoxa, SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (yellow label, medial metasternum, meso thoracic process; handwritten and typeface). One female light green lateral metasternum (Fig. 34); yel­ paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Callanga lowish-brown legs, thoracic pleura, prothorax, Peru" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Typus!" head. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dor­ (red label, typeface), d) "PI. abdominalis sal surface glabrous. Frons and clypeus Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), e) "PLATY­ sparsely punctate, punctures moderate. Frons COELIA ABDOMINALIS OHAUS 9 PARA­ not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. LECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH 2001" (yellow Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ label, handwritten and typeface). One female proximately 4.0 transverse eye-widths. La­ paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Peru" brum with micro sculpturing; sparsely (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ abdominalis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ tures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with tri­ written), d) "PLATYCOELIAABDOMINALIS angular medial tooth, extending past apex of MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 65 mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished medial tooth. Antenna 10-segmented; club from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ slightly shorter than other segments com­ lia by the following combination of characters: bined, approximately equal to clypeallength. frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of clypeus Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely punc­ not reflexed; labrum with a broad, triangular tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead apical tooth strongly overlapping the men­ weak laterally, absent apically and basally. tum; mentum with a distinct tooth curved Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae into the oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; weakly punctate, punctures moderate with protibia with 3 prominent teeth; elytral su­ dark coloration; intervals sparsely punctate ture distinctly yellow, with the apex forming to impunctate. Suture with distinct apical an acute spine; elytron without yellow, longi­ spine (Fig. 5). Pygidium: Width approxi­ tudinal lines; elytral apices not capable of mately 2.4 times length medially. Surface completely covering the pygidium; metaster­ weakly rugose, weakly convex, glabrous ex­ num with a broad, reddish-brown medial cept near apex; setae short, tawny. Venter: stripe; abdominal sternites reddish-brown; Thorax sparsely setose; setae cream-colored. parameres with the apex rounded, expanded; Mesothoracic process strongly produced, pro­ parameres apicolaterally with a triangular jecting anteriorly past protrochanter; apex hook. rounded; shape conical-elongate, ventrally flattened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 47). Central to south­ not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in ern Peru. Found primarily in the puna and apical half; first tooth largest, second, third yungas regions of the Andes Mountains. teeth sequentially smaller. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2- LOCALITY DATA. 43 specimens examined 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere from AMNH, CASC, DEIC, DJCC, HAHC, 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. ISNB, LACM, MGFT, SMTD, USNM, ZMHB, Protarsomere 5 with internomedial tooth ZSMC. bearing stridulatory ridge. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with internobasal PERU (41). CUSCO (2): Vilcanota. LIMA (3): tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 Callanga. HuANUCO (4): Tingo Marfa. apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified JUNIN (26): Chanchamayo, La Merced, protarsal claw longer than pro tars om ere 5, Perene, Vitoc. NO DATA (6). greatly thickened and elongate when com­ pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ NO DATA (2). tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified One paralectotype is labeled "Bolivie mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated Ocobamba." Since there are several localities with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ called Ocobamba in Peru but none in Bolivia talia: Parameres 1.2 times longer than length I considered this specimen to be from Peru of phallobase. Parameres smooth, with sharp with no further data. One specimen labeled lateral hook near apex (Fig. 18). "Zatzayacu, Ecuador" is considered to have no Female (n=26). Length 22.7-27.4 mm, data. This locality is far out of range for the width 13.6-17.5 mm. As male except in the species and too low in elevation to support following respects. Head: Antennal club ap­ populations of most Platycoelia species. proximately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), March (4), stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with inter­ June (1), October (13), December (1). nomedial tooth absent. Mesotarsomere and metatars om ere 5 internobasal tooth reduced to swelling or absent. Modified protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. 66 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

•

• • • • u Platycoelia abdominaUs • Platycoelia pomacea

Fig. 47. Distribution of Platycoelia abdominalis and P. pomacea in Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil.

10. Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, ing); Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist); Ohaus 1847 1952:8 [distribution); Machatschke 1965:58 (Fig. 47) [catalog listing); Machatschke 1972:302 [cata­ log listing). Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 (valid Platycoelia boliviensis, Blanchard name) 1851:227 [original description); Burmeister Platycoelia boliviensis Blanchard, 1851 (jun­ 1855:525 [key to species of Platycoelia); ior synonym) Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); Harold Platycoelia brasiliensis Ohaus, 1904 (junior 1869:1230 [catalog listing); Ohaus 1918:176 synonym) [catalog listing); Blackwelder 1944:246 [check­ CATALOG. Platycoelia pomacea, Erichson list); Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog listing); 1847:100 [original description); Burmeister Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing). 1855:525 [key to species of Platycoelia); Platycoelia pomacea brasiliensis, Ohaus Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); Harold 1904b:298, 338 [original description as sub­ 1869:1230 [catalog listing); Kirsch 1873:343 species); Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing as [comment on morphology); Ohaus 1904b:286, subspecies); Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist 297,299,338 [redescription); Ohaus 1905:167 as subspecies); Machatschke 1965:57, 58 [illustration); Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog list- [catalog listing as subspecies); Machatschke MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 67

1972:302 [catalog listing as subspecies]; Platycoelia pomacea brasiliensis Ohaus Martinez 1976:327 [distribution]. lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) "Planalto Platycoelia pomacea pomacea, Martinez d. Parecis" (typeface), b) "PI. pomacea 1976:327 [distribution]. brasiliensis Type Ohs." (orange label, hand­ written), c) "PLATYCOELIA POMACEA TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia pomacea BRASILIENSIS OHADS LECTOTYPE Erichson lectotype female at ZMHB labeled a) AB.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, handwritten "11465" (typeface), b) "Type" (orange label, and typeface), d) "Platycoelia pomacea typeface), c) "Pomacea (N.) Er.* Peru. Pavon." Erichson, 1847 0 Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (green label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOE­ (typeface). Lectotype here designated. See LIA POMACEA ERICHSON 9 DET:AB.T. Methods and Materials section for a state­ SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ ment of taxonomic purpose. Three male and written and typeface). Lectotype here des­ one female paralectotypes at MNHN labeled ignated. See Methods and Materials section a) "Jatahy Etat de Goyaz Ch. Pujol 1895-96" for a statement of taxonomic purpose. (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. pomacea Er. Erichson (1847) did not state how many speci­ v. brasiliensis Ohs. [0/9]" (typeface and hand­ mens were in the type series. The existence written), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), and location of paralectotypes are unknown. d) "PLATYCOELIA POMACEA BRASILIEN­ Type locality: Peru. SIS OHADS PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. Platycoelia boliviensis Blanchard lecto­ SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type male at MNHN labeled a) "6436 34" typeface), e) "Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, (round, green label, handwritten on under­ 1847 [0/9] Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). side), b) "P. boliviensis. Cat. Mus. Santa-Cruz. Four female paralectotypes at MNHN labeled (Bolivie). M. d'Orbigny." (green label, hand­ as previous paralectotype omitting label b. written), c) "PLATYCOELIA BOLIVIENSIS One male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled BLANCHARD 0 LECTOTYPE A. B. T. a) "Jatahy (GOYAZ)" (typeface), b) "0" (type­ SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and face), c) "PI. pomacea brasiliensis Cotype typeface), d) "Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ 1847 0 Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). COELIA POMACEA BRASILIENSIS Lectotype here designated. See Methods OHADS PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH and Materials section for a statement oftaxo­ 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ nomic purpose. Blanchard (1851) did not in­ face), e) "Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 dicate how many specimens were in the type o Det:AB.T.8mith 2002" (typeface). One fe­ series (although the range oflengths indicates male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled as pre­ more than one). The location of the vious paralectotype except label b) "0" paralectotype(s) is unknown. Some of (typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB d'Orbigny's handwritten notebooks on the labeled a) "Jatahy Goyaz" (typeface), b) "PI. specimens in his collection are at the MNHN pomace a brasiliensis Cotype Ohs." (orange library. The entry for the type series of this label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA name states "Areoda 1437. Melolontha. Viz POMACEA BRASILIENSIS OHADS PARA­ dans les grande foret, sur les tigre de arbuste. LECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow la­ Je en nocturne ou au moisse crepusculaire." bel, handwritten and typeface), d) "Platycoelia Ohaus (1904b) misapplied the name P. pomacea Erichson, 18470 Det: AB.T. Smith boliviensis to P. peruviana. He did examine 2002" (typeface). One female paralectotype at the lectotype of P. boliviensis during his visit ZMHB labeled a) "Jatahy Goyaz" (typeface), to Paris during 1903, but he did not carefully b) "Sept-Nov. 97." (handwritten), c) "9" (type­ examine it or dissect the genitalia. The lecto­ face), d) "PI. pomacea brasiliensis Cotype type of P. boliviensis is, without a doubt, P. Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), e) "PLATY­ pomacea. Therefore I am placing these names COELIA POMACEA BRASILIENSIS in synonymy. Type locality: Santa Cruz, Bo­ OHADS PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH livia. NEW SYNONYMY. 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type- 68 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM face), f) "Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 vex, glabrous except near apex; setae short, 9 Det: A. B. T. Smith 2002" (typeface). One tawny. Venter: Thorax glabrous. Mesothoracic female paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) process strongly produced, projecting anteri­ "Miranda, XI.94.-II. 95. (Andeer)" (typeface), orly to protrochanter; apex rounded; shape b) "9" (typeface), c) "PI. pomacea brasiliensis triangular-elongate, dorsoventrally flattened. Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not ex­ "PLATYCOELIA POMACEA BRASILIENSIS truding. Legs: Protibia with 2 teeth in apical OHAUS PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.sMITH half; apical tooth longer. Mesotibia and 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2- face), e) "Platycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 9 Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (typeface). The ex­ 4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. istence and location of other paralectotypes Protarsomere 5 with elongated internomedial are unknown. There is no character-based jus­ tooth bearing stridulatory ridge. Mesotar­ tification for maintaining this subspecies as somere and metatarsomere 5 without internal separate from P. pomacea, therefore I am plac­ tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 ing the two names in synonymy. Type local­ apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified pro­ ity: Planalto do Panecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil. tarsal claw length less than protarsomere 5, NEW SYNONYMY. thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, dorsolaterally flattened, apex un­ DESCRIPTION. Male (n=68). Length 21.2- evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and 27.1 mm, width 12.9-17.1 mm. Color light metatarsal claws elongated with ventral green with thick yellow elytral suture; yellow tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallo­ tarsi, mouthparts; yellow or brown around base 1.1 times longer than length of para­ some margins, sutures. Body ovate, strongly meres. Parameres smooth, with weak apical convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons bulb. and clypeus sparsely punctate, punctures Female (n=57). Length 23.0-29.0 mm, moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal width 14.9-16.5 mm. As male except in the suture complete. Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes following respects. Head: Antennal club ap­ separated by approximately 3.5 transverse proximately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: eye-widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with Protarsomere 4 without internoapical stridu­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae latory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with interno­ tawny. Apex oflabrum with triangular medial medial tooth absent. Modified protarsal claw tooth, apex of tooth truncate, extending past with ventral tooth, not thickened. apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with strong apical tooth, weak medial tooth; DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished molar region with well-developed lamellae. from all other species in the genus Platycoelia Maxilla with 3 apical, cup-like teeth. Apex of by the following combination of characters: mentum with triangular medial tooth curved frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club clypeus not reflexed; labrum with a well-de­ slightly longer than other segments com­ veloped, truncate apical tooth strongly over­ bined, subequal to length of frons. Pronotum: lapping the mentum; mentum with a distinct Surface glabrous, sparsely punctate, with tooth curved into the oral cavity; antenna 10- moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ segmented; pro tibia with 2 prominent teeth; erally, absent apically and basally. Elytron: modified protarsal claw of male diagonally Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly flattened; elytral suture distinctly yellow, punctate, punctures moderate with dark col­ with the apex forming an acute spine; elytron oration; intervals sparsely punctate to without yellow, longitudinal lines; elytral impunctate. Suture with distinct apical spine. apices not capable of completely covering the Pygidium: Width approximately 3.0 times pygidium; metasternum glabrous; meta­ length medially. Surface rugose, weakly con- sternum and abdominal sternites uniformly MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 69 green to yellow; parameres with the apex 11. Platycoelia occidentalis Ohaus, rounded, expanded; parameres apicolaterally 1904 without a triangular hook or diagonal striae. (Figs. 19, 48)

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 47). Eastern slope of Platycoelia occidental is Ohaus, 1904 (valid the Andes Mountains in Peru and Bolivia name) though the Rondonia, chaquena, and cerrado CATALOG. Platycoelia occidentalis, Ohaus highlands of central Brazil. 1904b:257, 296, 338 [original description); Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration); Ohaus LOCALITY DATA. 125 specimens examined 1918:177 [catalog listing); Blackwelder from AMNH, BMNH, CMNH, FSCA, HARC, 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:58 HNHM, ISNB, LACM, MGFT, MIZA, MLJC, [catalog listing); Machatschke 1972:302 [cata­ MLPA, MNHN, RFMC, SEMC, SMFD, log listing). SMTD, USNM, ZMHB, ZMUH, ZSMC. TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia occidentalis PERU (49). CUSCO 0): Rio Urubamba. Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) "R. HuANUCO (15): Tingo Maria, No Data. Dagua, Colombia W. Rosenberg" (typeface), b) JUNIN (26): Chanchamayo, La Merced, Rio "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "PI. Oxabamba, Vitoc. PASCO (1): Pozuzo. SAN occidentalis Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), MARTIN (1): Moyobamba. UCAYALI (1): No d) "PLATYCOELIA OCCIDENTALIS Data. NO DATA (4). ORAUS (j LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, handwritten and typeface). Lecto­ BOLIVIA (30). BENI (1): Trinidad. type here designated. See Methods and COCHABAMBA (3): Cristal-Mayu, Yungas Materials section for a statement of tax­ del Palmar. LAPAZ (3): Tumupasa, Yungas de onomic purpose. Two male and one female La Paz. SANTA CRUZ (19): Buena Vista, San paralectotypes at ZMHB bearing labels simi­ Javier, Sara. NO DATA (4). lar to the lectotype and my yellow paralec­ totype label. The existence and location of BRAZIL (41). ACRE 0): Rio Branco. other specimens from Ohaus' original type AMAZONAS (1): No Data. GOlAS (18): series are unknown. Type locality: Rio Dagua, Jatahy, Leopoldo de Bulh6es. MATO Valle del Cauca, Colombia. GROSSO (6): Corumba, Miranda, Planalto do Panecis. PARA (10): Cachimbo. RONDONIA DESCRIPTION. Male (n=16). Length 20.9- (3): Forte Principe da Beira. NO DATA (2). 24.2 mm, width 13.5-14.9 mm. Color light green with thick yellow marginal band along No DATA (5). basal half of elytral interval 2, lateral margin One specimen labeled Banos, Ecuador of elytron, medial base of elytron; yellow tarsi, and one labeled Linares, Chile were consid­ protibia, mesothoracic process, head margins; ered erroneous. These localities are far out of weak, thin, longitudinal bands along elytral range for this species. striae 1-6 (sometimes not visible). Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (6), April (1), brous. Frons sparsely punctate, clypeus August (1), September (2), October (15), No­ densely punctate, punctures moderate. Frons vember (24), December (5). not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ rated by approximately 4.0 transverse eye­ widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with moderately large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ dial tooth; apex of tooth weakly truncate, ex­ tending past apex of mentum. Mandibular 70 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM scissorial region with strong apical tooth, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished weak medial tooth; molar region with well­ from all other species in the genus Platycoelia developed lamellae. Maxilla with 3 apical, by the following combination of characters: cup-like teeth. Apex of mentum with triangu­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the lar medial tooth curved into oral cavity. An­ clypeus not reflexed; labrum with a broad, tri­ tenna 10-segmented; club slightly shorter angular apical tooth strongly overlapping the than other segments combined, approxi­ mentum; mentum with a distinct tooth curved mately equal to clypeal length. Pronotum: into the oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; Surface glabrous, sparsely punctate, with protibia dorsally without green coloration; moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ elytron with the apex forming a weak nub or erally, absent apically and basally. Elytron: spine; elytron with yellow, longitudinal lines Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly on interval 2 and base of striae 1; elytral api­ punctate, punctures moderate with dark col­ ces not capable of completely covering the py­ oration; intervals sparsely punctate to gidium; metasternum and abdominal impunctate. Suture with distinct apical spine sternites uniformly green to yellow; mesotho­ (sometimes worn down). Pygidium: Width racic process without strong green coloration; approximately 2.8 times length medially. Sur­ parameres with the apex rounded, expanded; face rugose, weakly convex, glabrous except parameres apicolaterally with a triangular near apex; setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax hook and diagonal striae. sparsely setose, setae white. Mesothoracic process strongly produced, projecting anteri­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 48). Northwestern orly past protrochanter; apex rounded; shape Andes Mountains in western Colombia. conical-elongate, not flattened. Abdomen gla­ brous. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: LOCALITY DATA. 34 specimens examined Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; 2 apical from BCRC, BMNH, CASC, DEIC, ISNB, teeth subequal in size, third tooth weak. LACM, MGFT, USNM, ZMHB. Mesotibia and meta tibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ COLOMBIA (25). ANTIOQUIA (6): Jerico, shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical Medellin, Quebrada Honda. BOLIVAR (2): stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without Carmen. CHOCO (2): El Siete, Rio Atrato. internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and meta­ VALLE DEL CAUCA(5): Cali, Rio Dagua. NO tarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. Un­ DATA (10). guitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length No DATA (9). approximately equal to protarsomere 5, thick­ ened and elongate when compared with other TEMPORAL DATA. February (2), March (4), claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex unevenly August (1). bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatar­ sal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.1 times longer than length of parameres. Parameres smooth, with strong lateral hook at apex (Fig. 19). Female (n=18). Length 23.0-28.7 mm, width 14.3-16.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club shorter than segments 2-7. Legs: Pro tars om ere 3-4 without internoapical stridulatory ridge. Modified protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 71

* Platycoelia occidentalis • Platycoelia valida

•• • ,. .• •

.• .. • • •

Fig. 48. Distribution of Platycoelia occidentalis and P. valida in Colombia.

12. Platycoelia valida Burmeister, 1851:227 [catalog listing]; Burmeister 1855:525 1844 [key to species of Platycoelia]; Lacordaire (Figs. 1,6,12,26,48,49) 1856:372 [distribution]; Harold 1869: 1230 [catalog listing]; Kirsch 1871:369 [comparison Platycoelia valida Burmeister, 1844 (valid with Platycoelia nervosa]; Kirsch 1873:343 name) [comparison with Platycoelia nervosa]; Ohaus CATALOG. Platycoelia valida, Burmeister 1904b:277, 295, 296, 297, 323, 338 [redescrip­ 1844:453 [original description] Blanchard tion]; Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration]; Ohaus 72 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

1918: 178 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder convex, glabrous except near apex; setae 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:57,58 short, tawny. Venter: Thorax sparsely setose, [cited as type species for Platycoelia, catalog list­ setae white. Mesothoracic process strongly ing]; Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing]. produced, projecting anteriorly to protro­ chanter; apex rounded; shape conical-elon­ TYPE SERIES. Platycoelia valida Bur­ gate, ventrally flattened. Abdomen glabrous. meister lectotype female at MLUH labeled a) Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia "valida x Riche Nova Granad" (green label with 3 teeth in apical half; 2 apical teeth with black border, handwritten), b) "PLATY­ subequal in size, third tooth weak. Mesotibia COELIA VALIDA BURMEISTER 9 LECTO­ and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (red label, 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarso­ handwritten and typeface), c) "MLU Halle mere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory WB Zoologie S.-Nr. 8/3/10 T.-Nr." (typeface ridge. Protarsomere 5 with intern orne dial and handwritten). Lectotype here desig­ stridulatory tooth or swelling. Mesotarsomere nated. See Methods and Materials section for and metatarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. a statement of taxonomic purpose. The exist­ Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 apical, ence and location of other specimens from 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with Burmeister's original type series are un­ length approximately equal to protarsomere known. Type locality: Colombia. 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=118): length 21.3- apex unevenly bifurcate (Fig. 12). Modified 26.0 mm, width 12.9-16.2 mm (Fig. 49). Color mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated light green (occasionally yellow) with thick with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ yellow marginal band along basal half of talia: Parameres 1.2 times longer than length elytral interval 2, lateral margin of elytron, of phallobase (Fig. 26). Parameres smooth, medial base of elytron; yellow tarsi, head mar­ with 3-8 strong lateral grooves at apex. gins, portions of legs. Body ovate, strongly Female (n=63). Length 24.1-29.0 mm, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons width 15.1-17.7 mm. As male except in the sparsely punctate, clypeus densely punctate, following respects. Head: Antennal club ap­ punctures moderate. Frons not depressed. proximately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approxi­ stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without mately 4.0 transverse eye-widths. Labrum internal tooth or swelling. Modified protarsal sparsely punctate, with moderately large, se­ claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular medial tooth, apex of tooth DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished weakly truncate, extending past apex of men­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ tum. Apex of mentum with triangular medial lia by the following combination of characters: tooth curved into oral cavity (Fig. 1). Antenna frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the 10-segmented; club slightly shorter than clypeus not reflexed; labrum with a broad, tri­ other segments combined, approximately angular apical tooth strongly overlapping the equal to clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface mentum; mentum with a distinct tooth curved glabrous, sparsely punctate, with moderate into the oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, ab­ protibia dorsally green; elytron with an apex sent apically and basally. Elytron: Surface forming a weak nub or spine; elytron with glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punc­ yellow, longitudinal lines on interval 2 and tate, punctures moderate with dark colora­ base of striae 1; elytral apices not capable of tion; intervals impunctate. Suture with completely covering the pygidium; mesotho­ distinct apical spine (sometimes worn down) racic process, metasternum, and abdominal (Fig. 6). Pygidium: Width approximately 2.5 sternites uniformly green to yellow; para­ times length medially. Surface rugose, weakly meres with the apex rounded, expanded; MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 73

SCHNIDT ,/

Fig. 49. Platycoelia valida male. 74 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM parameres apicolaterally with diagonal TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia meso­ striae, without a triangular hook. sternalis Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB la­ beled a) "Chirripo Atlantique Donkeir" DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 48). Eastern cordil­ (handwritten), b) "Typus!" (red label, type­ lera of the Andes Mountains through Colom­ face), c) "PI. mesosternalis Ohaus" (red label, bia. Found mainly in the Paramo handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA MESO­ biogeographic region (defined by Luteyn 1999, STERNALIS ORAUS (J DET:A.B.T. SMITH Morrone 1999). 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here designated. LOCALITY DATA. 181 specimens examined See Methods and Materials section for a from ABTS, AMNH, BCRC, CASC, CMNH, statement of taxonomic purpose. One female DJCC, FMNH, FSCA, HAHC, HNHM, paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Panama" MGFT, MIZA, MLUH, MXAL, PKLC, RACC, (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia ROME, SEMC, SLTC, SMFD, SMTD, UNSM, mesosternalis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, USNM,ZMHB. handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA MESO­ STERNALIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE COLOMBIA (177). BOYACA (6): Muzo. A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ CAQUETA (17): Gigante (vicinity), Vega del ten and typeface). One female paralectotype Caqueta, Yari. CAUCA (4): Popayan, Tierra at ZMHB labeled a) "Columb. Rio Dagua" Adentro, No data. CUNDINAMARCA (17): (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia Nimaima, Pacho, Villeta. DISTRITO CAPI­ mesosternalis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, TAL (2): Bogota. HUILA (110): Gigante, San handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA MESO­ Agustin. SANTANDER (7): La Carmen, La STERNALIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE Cimitarra, Velez. VALLE DEL CAUCA (2): A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, hand­ Cali, Cartago. NO DATA (13). written and typeface). The existence and lo­ cation of other paralectotypes are unknown. No DATA (4). Type locality: Chirrip6 Valley, Cartago, Costa Specimens erroneously labeled Quito, Ec­ Rica. uador; Caracas, Venezuela; and Birmingham, Alabama were considered to have erroneous DESCRIPTION. Male (n=74). Length 20.3- data. 24.4 mm, width 12.7-14.9 mm. Color dorsally light green (sometimes darkened to brownish­ TEMPORAL DATA. January (2), February green after death); yellow elytral, pronotal, (77), March (34), April (3), May (3), August head margin; weak yellowish-green longitudi­ (12), September (2), October (3), November nal stripes on elytron. Ventrally light green, (7), December (1). yellow. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons sparsely punc­ tate (base) to moderately punctate (apex), 13. Platycoelia mesosternalis clypeus densely punctate, punctures moder­ Ohaus, 1904 ate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal su­ (Figs. 7, 50) ture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded, weakly elevated. Eyes separated by approxi­ Platycoelia mesosterna lis Ohaus, 1904 (valid mately 5.3 transverse eye-widths. Labrum name) densely punctate; punctures moderately CATALOG. Platycoelia mesosternalis, large, setose; setae tawny. Apex of labrum Ohaus 1904b:286, 300, 339, 341 [original de­ with large, triangular, medial tooth; apex of scription]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing]; tooth broadly truncate, extending past apex Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with 1965:58 [catalog listing]; Machatschke strong apical tooth, weak medial tooth; molar 1972:302 [catalog listing]; Martinez 1976:328 region with well-developed lamellae. Maxilla [distribution]; Ratcliffe 2002:26 [checklist]. with 1 apical, cup-like tooth enveloping 1 re- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 75 duced tooth. Apex of mentum with triangu­ ters: frontoclypeal suture complete; eyes lar medial tooth curved into oral cavity. An­ separated by more than 5 transverse eye­ tenna 10-segmented; club slightly shorter widths; labrum with a well-developed, trun­ than other segments combined, slightly cate apical tooth strongly overlapping the shorter than clypeal length. Pronotum: mentum; mentum with a distinct tooth curved Surface glabrous, sparsely to moderately into the oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; punctate, with moderate punctures. Mar­ antennal club shorter in length than the other ginal bead weak laterally, absent apically segments combined, shorter than the clypeal and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; lon­ length; elytral apices not capable of com­ gitudinal striae weakly punctate, punctures pletely covering the pygidium; mesothoracic moderate with dark coloration; intervals process diamond-shaped; mesosternum and sparsely punctate to impunctate. Suture abdominal sternites glabrous; protibial spur rounded apically. Pygidium: Width approxi­ not noticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial mately 2.6 times length medially. Surface apex; mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 densely punctate, weakly convex, glabrous in males without apical stridulatory ridge; except near apex; setae short, tawny. Ven­ tarsomere 5 on all legs without an internal ter: Thorax glabrous. Mesothoracic process tooth; parameres with apex rounded, not ex­ strongly produced, projecting anteriorly to panded. procoxa; apex broadly rounded; distinctly diamond-shaped, ventrally flattened (Fig. 7). DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 50). Mid to low eleva­ Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not ex­ tion montane areas of Costa Rica. truding. Legs: Pro tibia with 3 teeth in api­ cal half; first tooth largest, second, third LOCALITY DATA. 121 specimens examined teeth sequentially shorter. Mesotibia and from ABTS, AMNH, AJRC, BCRC, INBC, metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres MLJC,PKLC,RACC,SLTC, UCDC,UCRC, 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protar­ UNSM, USNM, ZMHB. somere 4 with internoapical strid­ ulatory ridge. Protarsomere, mesotarsomere, COSTA RICA (117). ALAJUELA (5): Estacion metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth. San Ramon, Parque N acional Rincon de la Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 apical Vieja. CARTAGO (82): Chirripo Indian Re­ and 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw serve, Chirripo Valley, Grano de Oro, Irazu, with length approximately equal to Moravia, Pejibaya, Turrialba. protarsomere 5, greatly thickened and elon­ GUANACASTE (24): Estacion Cacao, gate when compared with other claw, dors­ Estacion Pitilla. HEREDIA (2): Las oventrally (slightly diagonally) flattened, Horquetas de Sarapiqui. LIMON (1): Batan. apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified SAN JOSE (3): Estacion Carrillo. mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male PANAMA (1). NO DATA (1). Genitalia: Phallobase 1.6 times longer than length of parameres. Parameres smooth, No DATA (3). slightly curved dorsally. One paralectotype labeled "Columb. Rio Female (n=43). Length 23.1-25.7 mm, Dagua" was considered to have no data. This width 13.8-15.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ disjunct record is unlikely, since no other lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without specimens are known from Colombia. The internoapical stridulatory ridge. Modified Panama record is somewhat dubious, but protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thick­ more likely considering the close proximity to ened. some known localities for P. mesosternalis in Costa Rica. DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (19), April (39), lia by the following combination of charac- May (37), June (18), July (1). 76 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

• Platycoelia mesosterna lis

• •

o

Fig. 50. Distribution of Platycoelia mesosternalis in Costa Rica and Panama.

14. Platycoelia peruviana new Blanch.," and "12205." One male paratype at species UNSM labeled "Chanchamayo, Peru III.28 F (Figs. 27, 51, 52) 6032" and "H.Bassler Collection Acc. 33591." One male paratype at MNHN labeled CATALOG. Platycoelia boliviensis (misap­ "Paucartambo (Perou) ColI.J.Clermont" and plied), Ohaus 1904b:276, 300, 303, 339 [de­ "MUSEUM PARIS 1944 ColI. E. BENDERIT­ scriptionJ. TER." One male paratype from CASC labeled "M. Sani Beni Lima Peru,35" and "LWSaylor TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female ColIn." One male paratype at UNSM and one allotype and 32 paratypes (19 male, 13 fe­ female paratype at CASC labeled "Peru." and male). Holotype male and allotype female at "L.W. Saylor Collection." One male paratype AMNH, labeled "Mishqui-yacu Moyobamba at ZMHB labeled "Peruvio" and "boliviensis San Martin, Peru VIII - 1947 Alt. 1200m." BI. M.d. Type vergI. Paris XI.92." One male and "Felix Woytkowski Collector." Two male paratype at MGFT labeled "Peru Gerstner. paratypes at MGFT and one male paratype at 1912." One male paratype at CASC labeled ABTS labeled . "Perene Peru." One male "Peru," "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia paratype at ABTS labeled "Oxapampa Peru." boliviensis G. Blanch.," "L.W. Saylor Collec­ One male paratype at ABTS labeled tion," and "P. boliviensis Bl. DET. L. W. "Chanchamayo, Peru.," "ExMusffio D.sharp SAYLOR." One male paratype at MNHN la­ 1890," "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903.," and "Ohaus beled "E. Peru," "ExMusffio H.W.BATES determ. PI. boliviensis Blanch. G." One male 1892," "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903.," and "Ohaus paratype at SMTD labeled "Dr. Bassler determ. PI. boliviensis Blanch. G." One male Chanchomayo," "Det Dr.Ohaus boliviensis paratype at MNHN labeled "Perou," "ExMusffio MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 77

Mnisnech," "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903.," and "Ohaus moderately large, setose punctures, setae determ. PI. boliviensis Blanch. 0." One male tawny. Apex oflabrum with triangular medial paratype at CASC labeled "E. P. Reed Collec­ tooth, apex of tooth truncate, extending past tion." One male para type at ABTS labeled apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with tri­ "Sta-Cruz Bolivia" and "Platycoelia bolivien­ angular medial tooth curved into oral cavity. sis Blanch." One female paratype at ZMHB Antenna 10-segmented; club approximately labeled "Oxapampa Peru," "9," and "Platycoe­ equal to segments 2-7, approximately equal to lia boliviensis BI." Two female paratypes at clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, ZMHB labeled "Peru Chanchamayo M. Frey­ sparsely punctate, with moderate punctures. mann G." One female paratype atABTS labeled Marginal bead weak laterally, absent apically "Chanchamago Peru," "F. SCHNEIDER," "45," and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longi­ and "Platycoelia boliviensis BI." One female tudinal striae weakly punctate, punctures paratype at HNHM labeled "Chanchamayo" moderate with dark coloration; intervals and "364. 42." One female paratype at SMFD impunctate. Suture rounded apically, without labeled "Peruvia," "ColI. B. Schwarzer," and spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.4 "Dr.Ohaus det. Platycoelia boliviensis BI." times length medially. Surface weakly convex, One female paratype at MNHN labeled moderately to densely punctate; punctures "boliviensis Bl. Perou," "ExMusffio A.SALLE moderate, glabrous except near apex; setae 1897," "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903.," and "Ohaus short, tawny. Venter: Thorax sparsely setose, determ. PI. boliviensis Blanch. 9." One female setae white. Mesothoracic process strongly paratype at ABTS and one female paratype at produced, projecting anteriorly to protro­ ZMHB labeled "PERU Rio Toro LaMercedl chanter; shape triangular-elongate, apex Chanchamayo." One female paratype at rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen ZMHB labeled "PEROU PROVo HUALLAGA glabrous. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: RIO MIXIOLLO 1200m G.A. BAER 7-8-1900," Protibia with 2 teeth in apical quarter; apical "9," and "Platycoelia boliviensis Bl." One fe­ tooth longer. Mesotibia and metatibia widest male paratype at ZMHB labeled "S.Antonio medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, Mapiri Bolivia," "9," "boliviensis Blanch.," cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with interno­ and "Platycoelia boliviensis Blanch." One fe­ apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 male paratype at ISNB labeled "Oxapampa without internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and Peru," "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia nigrosterna­ metatarsomere 5 with internobasal swelling. lis Ohs. 9.," "R. 1. Sc. N. B. 16.117L. Burgeon, Prounguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 sub­ colI. et det." One male paratype at ZSMC labeled apical setae. Mesounguitractor plate and "alte Sammlung," "Nova Grenada," and metaunguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 "boliviensis Blanch." One male paratype at apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with ZSMC labeled "alte Sammlung." Type locality: length less than protarsomere 5, greatly Moyobamba, San Martin, Peru. thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex un­ HOLOTYPE. Male: Length 21.7 mm, width evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and 12.9 mm. Color light green with thick yellow metatarsal claws elongated with ventral elytral suture; yellow tarsi; legs partially yel­ tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: low; elytral striae with dark punctures; Phallobase 1.5 times longer than length of elytral intervals 3, 5, 7 with weak yellow lon­ parameres (similar to Fig. 27). Parameres gitudinalline. Body ovate with elytral apex smooth, dorsoventrally flattened. truncate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ face glabrous. Frons and clypeus moderately ALLOTYPE. Length 25.1 mm, width 14.5 to densely punctate, punctures moderate. mm. As male except in the following respects. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture Head: Antennal club shorter than segments complete. Clypeus trapezoidal. Eyes sepa­ 2-7. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without interno­ rated by approximately 3.5 transverse eye­ apical stridulatory ridge. Modified protarsal widths. Labrum densely punctate, with claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. 78 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 51. Platycoelia peruviana male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 79

• ~. ~ .

• Platycoelia peruviana * Platycoelia convexa

Fig. 52. Distribution of Platycoelia peruviana and P. convexa in Peru and Bolivia.

VARIATION. Male (n=19). Length 19.2-23.2 Mandibular scissorial region with strong api­ mm, width 11.7-13.5 mm (Fig. 51). Female cal tooth, no medial tooth; molar region with (n=13). Length 19.9-25.4 mm, width 12.9-14.8 well-developed lamellae. Maxilla with 3 api­ mm. Paratypes similar to holotype and allo­ cal, cup-like teeth. type except in the following respects. Color of elytral intervals 3, 5, 7 sometimes without ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia peruviana is de­ yellow longitudinal line, body sometimes yel­ rived from Latin meaning "the Peruvian low. Additional characters as follows. Head: Platycoelia." 80 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished 15. Platycoelia forcipalis Ohaus, from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ 1904 lia by the following combination of characters: (Figs. 20, 28, 53, 54) frontoclypeal suture complete; labrum with a well-developed, truncate apical tooth strongly Platycoelia forcipalis Ohaus, 1904 (valid overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ name) tinct tooth curved into the oral cavity; an­ CATALOG. Platycoelia forcipalis, Ohaus tenna 10-segmented; antennal club shorter in 1904b:276, 293, 310, 338, 341 [original de­ length than other segments combined, shorter scription]; Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration]; than clypeal length; elytron with a distinct Ohaus 1908:404 [distribution]; Ohaus yellow suture; elytral apices not capable of 1918: 177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder completely covering the pygidium; protibia in 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:57 males with 2 prominent teeth; protibial spur [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:302 [cata­ noticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial log listing]; Onore 1997:280 [entomophagy]. apex; mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in males without an apical stridulatory ridge; TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia forcipalis protarsomere 5 in males with an internal Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) stridulatory patch, without an internal tooth; "Ecuador Quito" (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with label, typeface), c) "PI. forcipalis Ohaus" (red an internobasal tooth; parameres with the label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA apex dorsoventrally flattened, expanded. FORCIPALIS OHAUS (J LECTOTYPE AB. T. SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 52). Northern Peru to typeface). Lectotype here designated. See central Bolivia in the puno and yungas re­ Methods and Materials section for a state­ gions of the Andes Mountains. ment of taxonomic purpose. One female paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Ecuador LOCALITY DATA. 34 specimens examined Quito" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Typus!" from AMNH, CASC, HNHM, ISNB, MGFT, (red label, typeface), d) "PI. forcipalis Ohaus" MNHN, SMFD, SMTD, ZMHB, ZSMC. (red label, handwritten), e) "Platycoelia forcipalis cotype Ohs" (orange label, hand­ PERU (29). CUSCO (1): Paucartambo. JUNIN written), f) "PLATYCOELIA FORCIPALIS (13): Chanchamayo, Perene, Rio Toro, OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH Sanibeni. SAN MARTIN (3): Moyobamba, Rio 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ Mixiollo. PASCO (3): Oxapampa. NO DATA face). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ (9). beled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ BOLIVIA (2). LA PAZ (1): Mapiri. SANTA face), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. forcipalis (J Ohaus CRUZ (1): No Data. cotyp." (typeface and handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA FORCIPALIS OHAUS (J No DATA (3). PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH 2002" (yel­ low label, handwritten and typeface). One fe­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (1), August (3). male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. forcipalis 9 Ohaus cotyp." (type­ face and handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA FORCIPALIS ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ ten and typeface). Ohaus (1904b) had only the above four type specimens in the original type series. One specimen at ZMHB had an orange MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 81

"Platycoelia forcipalis cotype Ohs." label in spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 Ohaus' handwriting and the label "Ecuador teeth in apical quarter; second tooth subequal Pichincha." Since this locality is not men­ in size to first tooth. Mesotibia and metatibia tioned in the original description and all four widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider types are accounted for, this specimen is not than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with part of the type series. Type locality: Quito, internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ Ecuador. mere 5 with internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with DESCRIPTION. Male (n=37). Length 18.3- internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ 22.5 mm, width 11.4-12.8 mm (Fig. 53). Color drical, with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. dorsally light green to yellow (sometimes Modified protarsal claw with length slightly darkened to dark green after death); yellow greater than protarsomere 5, greatly thick­ elytral margin; yellow stripes on elytral inter­ ened and elongate when compared with other vals 1, 3, 5 (sometimes obsolete). Ventrally claw, dorsoventrally flattened with strong light green to yellow. Body ovate, strongly mediolateral curve, apex unevenly bifurcate. convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws sparsely punctate (base) to densely punctate elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. (apex), clypeus densely punctate, punctures Male Genitalia: Parameres 1.1 times longer moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal than length of phallobase (Fig. 28). Para­ suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly meres strongly dorsoventrally flattened with rounded, weakly elevated. Eyes separated by apicolateral tooth (Fig. 20), strongly project­ approximately 5.3 transverse eye-widths. La­ ing ventral hook. brum moderately punctate; punctures moder­ Female (n=45). Length 22.0-26.5 mm, ately large, setose; setae tawny. Apex of width 14.3-15.1 mm. As male except in the fol­ labrum with large, triangular, medial tooth; lowing respects. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apex oftooth broadly truncate, extending past apical half. Protarsomere 3-4 without apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ with strong apical tooth, molar region with mere 5 with internomedial tooth absent. well-developed lamellae. Maxilla with 2 slen­ Mesotarsomere and metatars om ere 5 interno­ der teeth bracketing 1 large, cup-like tooth. basal tooth reduced to swelling or absent. Apex of mentum with triangular medial tooth Modified protarsal claw with ventral tooth, curved into oral cavity. Antenna 10-seg­ not thickened. mented; club approximately equal to other segments combined, slightly longer than DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ sparsely to moderately punctate, with small lia by the following combination of characters: and moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak frontoclypeal suture complete; eyes sepa­ laterally, absent apically and basally. Elytron: rated by more than 5 transverse eye-widths; Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae strongly labrum with a well-developed, truncate api­ impressed, punctate, punctures moderate cal tooth strongly overlapping the mentum; with dark coloration; intervals impunctate. mentum with a distinct tooth curved into the Suture with distinct apical spine (sometimes oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; elytral worn down). Pygidium: Width approximately striae strongly impressed; apex of the elytral 2.3 times length medially. Surface densely suture with a nub or weak spine; elytral api­ punctate, weakly convex, glabrous except ces not capable of completely covering the py­ near apex; setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax gidium; metasternum with a dark medial moderately setose, setae cream colored. Me­ patch; protibia in males with 2 prominent sothoracic process strongly produced, project­ teeth; protibial spur not noticeably shorter ing anteriorly to procoxa; apex broadly than adjacent tibial apex; mesotarsomere 4 rounded; shape conical-elongate, dorsoven­ and metatarsomere 4 in males without an trally flattened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical apical stridulatory ridge; protarsomere 5 in 82 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 53. Platycoelia forcipalis male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 83

* Platycoelia Jorcipalis • Platycoelia sandia o Platycoelia penai

Fig. 54. Distribution of Plafycoelia forcipalis, P. sandia, and P. penai in Ecuador.

males with internomedial stridulatory tooth; ECUADOR (81). COTOPAXI (57): Las Pampas, mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with Latacunga, Los Libres, Otonga, Palo an internobasal tooth; parameres with the Quemado. LOJA (5): Loja. PICHINCHA (18): apex dorsoventrally flattened, expanded, with Las Palmas, Palmeras, Pichincha, Quito, a strongly projecting ventral tooth. Santo Domingo, Tandapi. NO DATA (1).

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 54). Andes Mountains No DATA (1). of central and southern Ecuador. One specimen labeled "Bolivia, La Paz, Sorata" was considered to have no data. LOCALITY DATA. 82 specimens examined from BMNH, CMNH, HAHC, LACM, MNHN, TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), February QCAZ, RACC, USNM, VMCP, ZMHB. (6), March (2), April (2), June (7), August (1), October (6), November (43). 84 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

16. Platycoelia sandia new species slightly longer than other segments com­ (Figs. 54, 55) bined, slightly shorter than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female tate, with small and moderate punctures. allotype and 10 paratypes (7 male, 3 female). Marginal bead weak apicolaterally, laterally, Holotype male at HAHC labeled "ECUADOR absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous, Pcia. Napo Puente Azuela 1650 m a densely punctate; punctures small; longitudi­ Venedictoff. Leg. ColI. Martinez Abr.-976" and nal striae distinguished only by yellow colora­ "H. & A. HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. tion. Suture angled apically, without spine. Martinez colI." Allotype female at USNM la­ Pygidium: Width approximately 2.5 times beled "ECUADOR: Morona Prov., Santiago la length medially. Surface weakly convex, Esperanza, 1900m. 16 May 1976 Gordon densely punctate; punctures small or moder­ Armstrong." One male and one female ate, setose; setae cream colored. Venter: Tho­ paratype at DJCC labeled "ECUADOR; rax densely setose (except glabrous medially), NAPO HUACAMAYOS CUROE X-93." One setae white. Mesothoracic process strongly male paratype at UNSM labeled "Sucula produced, projecting anteriorly to protro­ Macas800m Ecuador." One male paratype at chanter; shape conical-elongate, apex ZMHB labeled "Macas Ecuador or." One male rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen paratype as SMTD labeled "Ecuador Stiibel," sparsely setose laterally, setae white. Apical "4406," and "flavostriata Blanch. 50." One spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 male paratype at DCCC and one male and one teeth in apical quarter. Mesotibia and female paratypes at ABTS labeled "ECUA­ metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres DOR Napo Pro Cosanga, at lights 25 March 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protar­ 2000 ColI. D.C. Carlson." One male and one somere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory female paratypes at CASC labeled "ECUA­ ridge. Protarsomere 5 with weak internal DOR: Napo: Cosanga: San Isidro Ranch. 0° stridulatory pad. Mesotarsomere and meta­ 30' S 77° 54' W 2000m May 7, 1996 in cloud tarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. Ungui­ forest E.S. Ross collector California Academy tractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. of Sciences." Type locality: Puente Azuela, Modified protarsal claw with length greater N apo, Ecuador. than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, laterally flat­ HOLOTYPE. Male: length 23.1 mm, width tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified 13.3 mm. Color dorsally lime green with mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated lighter green elytral striae 1-5; yellow head, with ventral tooth, not thickened. pronotum, scutellum, elytron margins; py­ gidium yellow with medial brown patch. ALLOTYPE. Female: length 25.1 mm, width Ventrally lime green with dark brown meta­ 14.4 mm. As male except in the following re­ sternum, abdominal sternites. Body ovate, spects. Head: Antennal club slightly shorter convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons than other segments combined. Legs: Protibia densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, with 3 teeth in apical half, third tooth obso­ punctures small or moderate. Frons not de­ lete. Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ internal pad. Modified protarsal claw with rated by approximately 3.1 transverse eye­ ventral tooth, not thickened. widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with moderately large, setose punctures, setae VARIATION. Male (n=7). Length 21.6-23.5 tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ mm, width 12.6-12.9 mm (Fig. 55). Female dial tooth; apex of tooth broadly truncate, ex­ (n=3). Length 25.6-25.7 mm, width 14.4-14.5 tending past apex of mentum. Apex of mm. Paratypes similar to holotype and allo­ mentum with triangular medial tooth curved type except in the following respects. Color of into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club body sometimes dark green or brownish- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 85

Fig. 55. Plafycoelia sandia male. 86 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

green with lighter striae. Additional charac­ 17. Platycoelia penai Frey, 1967 ters as follows. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.2 (Fig. 54) times longer than length of parameres. Para­ meres dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially Platycoelia penai Frey, 1967 (valid name) acute. CATALOG. Platycoelia penai, Frey 1967:377 [original description]; Machatschke 1972:301 ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia sandia named af­ [catalog listing]. ter the watermelon-like appearance of this species. Sandia is the Spanish word for wa­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia penai Frey termelon. holotype male at MGFT labeled a) "Ecuador, Quito S.Domingo, 2400m Pena, 11.1965" DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished (typeface), b) "TYPUS" (red label, typeface), c) from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ "Platycoelia penai n. sp. det.G.Frey,1966 lia by the following combination of characters: Type" (handwritten and typeface). Eight fe­ frontoclypeal suture complete; labrum with a male paratypes with identical locality labels well-developed, truncate apical tooth strongly and similar type labels are at MGFT (6) and overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ HAHC (2). Frey (1967) stated that there are tinct tooth curved into the oral cavity; an­ two males and seven females in the type se­ tenna 10-segmented, club length greater than ries, but there are one holotype male and other segments combined; pronotum surface eight paratype females in the type series. densely punctate with mix of small and mod­ Type locality: Santo Domingo (suburb of erate punctures; elytron with yellow to light Quito), Pichincha, Ecuador. green, longitudinal lines on all striae; elytral apices capable of completely covering py­ DESCRIPTION. Male (n=4). Length 23.8- gidium; pygidium entirely setose; metaster­ 25.9 mm, width 14.4-14.9 mm. Color lime num and abdominal sternites dark brown to green to olive green (sometimes darkened to black; protibial spur noticeably shorter than brownish-green) with elytral intervals 3, 5, 7 the adjacent tibial apex; mesotarsomere 4 and slightly lighter green; narrow yellow elytron, metatarsomere 4 in males with an apical pronotum, scutellum margins; metasternum stridulatory ridge; mesotarsomere 5 and medially with longitudinal black line. Body metatarsomere 5 with an internobasal tooth; ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface parameres with the apex dorsoventrally flat­ glabrous. Frons moderately punctate (base) to tened. rugopunctate (apex); clypeus rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. Frons not de­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 54). Occurs on the pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. eastern slope of the Andes Mountains in Ec­ Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ uador. rated by approximately 3.5 transverse eye­ widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined moderately large, setose punctures, setae from CASC, DCCC, DJCC, HAHC, SMTD, tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ USNM, ZMHB. dial tooth; apex of tooth broadly truncate, ex­ tending past apex of mentum. Apex of ECUADOR (12). MORONA SANTIAGO (3): La mentum with triangular medial tooth curved Esperanza, Macas. NAPO (8): Cosanga, Ha­ into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club cienda San Isidro, Huacamayos, Puente approximately equal to other segments com­ Azuela. NO DATA (1). bined, approximately equal to length offrons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (3), April (1), tate, with small or moderate punctures. Mar­ May (3). October (2). ginal bead weak apicolaterally, laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punctate, punc- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 87 tures moderate with dark coloration; inter­ erate punctures; elytron with well-defined, vals densely punctate, punctures small. Su­ yellow to light green, longitudinal lines on ture angled apically, without spine. Pygidium: striae 3 and 5; elytral apices capable of com­ Width approximately 2.5 times length medi­ pletely covering the pygidium; pygidium en­ ally. Surface weakly convex, densely punctate; tirely setose; metasternum and abdominal punctures small or moderate, setose; setae sternites green or yellow; protibial spur no­ short, cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely ticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; setose (except glabrous medially), setae cream mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in colored. Mesothoracic process strongly pro­ males with an apical stridulatory ridge; duced, projecting anteriorly to protrochanter; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with shape conical-elongate, apex rounded, dors­ an internobasal tooth; parameres with the oventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely se­ apex dorsoventrally flattened. tose, setae cream colored. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 teeth in api­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 54). Western slope of cal quarter. Mesotibia and metatibia widest the Andes Mountains in north-central Ecuador. medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with interno­ LOCALITY DATA. 19 specimens examined apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with from DCCC, HAHC, MGFT, QCAZ, UNSM. internal stridulatory ridge. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. ECUADOR (16). COTOPAXI (4): Otonga. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical PICHINCHA (12): Las Laureles, Santo setae. Modified protarsal claw with length Domingo (near Quito). greater than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, lat­ No DATA (3). erally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Three specimens are at UNSM labeled Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws "Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora." I consider this elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. data to be unreliable (that locality is in the Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.5 times longer lowlands east of the Andes Mountains) and than length of parameres. Parameres dors­ consider the specimens to be from Ecuador oventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. with no further data. Female (n=15). Length 25.4-29.1 mm, width 15.0-18.3 mm. As male except in the fol­ TEMPORAL DATA February (15), March (1). lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly shorter than other segments combined. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half, third tooth 18. Platycoelia galerana new shorter. Protarsomere 3-4 without interno­ species apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 (Fig. 56) without internal tooth or ridge. Modified protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thick­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female ened. allotype and 58 paratypes (40 male, 18 fe­ male). Holotype male at HAHC and one male DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished paratype at ABTS labeled "ECUADOR Provo from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ NAPO Lumbaqui, 400 m Benedictoffleg. ColI. lia by the following combination of characters: Martinez Marz.976" and "H. & A. HOWDEN frontoclypeal suture complete; labrum with a COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez colI." Allotype well-developed, truncate apical tooth strongly female and two male paratypes at HAHC and overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ one female paratype at UNSM labeled "EC­ tinct tooth curved into the oral cavity; an­ UADOR Pcia Napo Cosanga, 2150 m Nadia tenna 10-segmented, club length greater than V.-leg. ColI. Martinez Marz.976" and "H. & A. other segments combined; pronotum surface HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez densely punctate with mix of small and mod- colI." One male paratype at ZMUH labeled 88 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

"ColI. E.Ross Berlin N. 58," "Valencia Venezu­ 29.II.1979 H.&A. Howden." One female ela," "SS," and "ColI. E. Ross Eing. Nr.6, 44." paratype at QCAZ labeled "ECUADOR NAPO One male paratype at ZMHB labeled "Santa LAS PALMAS 1858m 78°42'W 0° 33'S 13 Jnez (Ecuad.) R.Haensch S.," "Typus!," SEP1996 MVallejo." One female paratype at "nigrosternalis Ohaus," and "NOT A TYPE ABTS labeled "San Antonio Banos Ecuador 2 OF .r. NIGROSTERNALIS Det:A.B.T.Smith VII 1937 SA WCMacIntyre" and "OL 2002." One male paratype at ZMHB labeled Cartwright Colletion 1960." One female "Ecuador Baron," "Cotypus!," "PI. nigro­ paratype at USNM labeled "2200 M Banos sternalis var. pygidialis Ohs.," and "NOT A Ecuador May 38 SA WCMacIntyre" and "OL TYPE OF p. NIGRO STERNALIS Det: A.B.T. Cartwright Colletion 1960." Two female Smith 2002." Nine male paratypes at QCAZ, paratypes at MNHN labeled "N ormandia Ec­ two male paratypes at UNSM, one male uador or." and "Museum Paris ex ColI. R. paratype at ABTS, and one female paratype Oberthur." One female paratype at LACM la­ at MLJC labeled "ECUADOR NAPO beled "5." One female paratype at USNM la­ SUMACO 10-20NOV 1995 ABarragan." Four beled "ECUADOR: Zamora- Chinchipe, male paratypes at DCCC, one male and one Zamora 10 Feb 1978." One female paratype at female paratypes at BCRC, one male USNM labeled "ECUADOR: Morona­ paratype at ABTS, one male paratype at Santiago, 18.1km WSW Plan de Milagro, MLJC, and one male paratype at UNSM la­ 3350m, 17:30-21:00hr 12 March 1990 beled "ECUADOR N apo Pro Cosanga, at lights S.J.Weller, M.J.Ryan P.Batra, D.&A.Hillis." 25 March 2000 ColI. D.C. Carlson." One male One female paratype at ABTS labeled "0. paratype at USNM labeled "ECUADOR: ECUADOR Rio Pastassa E.Feyer S.," "9," and Napo Baeza 7 March 1975 N. Venedictoff." "Platycoelia variolosa Ohs." One female One male paratype at USMN labeled "Ecua­ paratype at ZMHB labeled "Loja Ostcordill. dor, Napo Baeza 7 Mar. 1975." One male Sabanilla A.0.XI05-V06" and "Platycoelia paratype at UNSM labeled "ECUADOR, nigrosternalis Ohs." One female paratype at Napo Provo vicinity Cosanga, 2050m Sept 17- MGFT labeled "Ecuador Loja Pena,II1.1965." 30, 1996 E. Giesbert, colI." One male paratype One female paratype at ZMHB labeled "EC­ at UNSM labeled "Hacienda San Isidro May UADOR Riobamba-Macas 3400.1300 m. 8, 1996 attr. to mecury vapor light Carmen E.FeyerS." and "Platycoelia nigrosternalis Bustamante." Two male paratypes at DJCC Ohs." One female paratype at NMPC labeled labeled "ECUADOR; NAPO HUACAMAYOS "ECUADOR Riobamba-Macas 3400.1300 m. CUROE X-93." One male paratype at HNHM E.FeyerS.," "COTYPE," "Ohaus determ. labeled "EQUADOR, Provo Tena Puyo, Platycoelia variolosa Cotype 9 Ohs.," Oriente 1998. 1. 20." One male paratype at "variolosa Ohs" and "NOT A TYPE OF P. SMTD labeled "Ecuador Stubil," "4389," VARIOLOSA Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002." One "Staatl. Museum fUr Tierkunde Dresden," male paratype at ABTS labeled "ECUADOR: and "marginata Burm." One male paratype at Pastaza, 20. V 2002 D. P. Velastigui." One QCAZ labeled "ECUADOR LOJA LA TOMA male paratype at SLTC labeled "ECUADOR: 1800m 22MAY1996 PSalvador." One male Pachinch. 16.1.2002 D. P. Velastigui" and paratype at BMNH labeled "Ecuador: "Collection Stephane Le Tirant." Ohaus Prov.Loja 2220 metro Prof.C.Carri6n. (1904b) gave the variety name "P. B.M.1928-69." One male paratype at FMNH nigrosternalis var. pygidialis" to a specimen labeled "Nov. 64 Pur. R. de L. Zarayacu, of P. galerana. This variety name is Oriente Ecuador," "A.C. Allyn Acc. 1969-20," infrasubspecific, and is not an available name and "Pres. by Arthur C. Allyn." One male regulated by the ICZN. Type locality: paratype at ZMHB labeled "O.ECUADOR Lumbaqui, Sucumbios, Ecuador. Macas Feyer," "Platycoelia variolosa Ohs.," and "Colombia Tatama." One female paratype HOLOTYPE. Male: length 25.8 mm, width at HAHC and one female paratype at ABTS 14.0 mm. Color dorsally olive green with yel­ labeled "ECUADOR: Napo Baeza, 2000m 19- low elytron, pronotum, and scutellum mar- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 89 gins. Ventrally with dark brown metasternum parameres. Parameres dorsoventrally flat­ and abdominal sternites. Body ovate, strongly tened, apicomedially acute. convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, ALLOTYPE. Female: length 26.1 mm, width punctures small or moderate. Frons not de­ 14.8 mm. As male except in the following re­ pressed. Frontoclypeal suture incomplete, spects. Head: Antennal club approximately absent medially. Clypeal apex broadly equal to segments 2-7. Legs: Protibia with 3 rounded. Eyes separated by approximately teeth in apical half, third tooth shorter. 3.4 transverse eye-widths. Labrum sparsely Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without tures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with tri­ internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with angular, medial tooth; apex of tooth broadly ventral tooth, not thickened. truncate, extending past apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular medial tooth VARIATION. Male (n=40). Length 23.7-26.7 curved into oral cavity. Antenna 10-seg­ mm, width 13.8-16.0 mm. Female (n=18). mented; club approximately equal to other Length 28.2-31.4 mm, width 16.2-17.9 mm. segments combined, slightly shorter than Paratypes similar to holotype and allotype length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, except in the following respects. Color of body densely punctate, with small or moderate sometimes dark green or brownish-green. punctures. Marginal bead weak apico­ Ventrally with black to reddish -brown metast­ laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface ernum and abdominal sternites (sometimes glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punc­ green along lateral edge). tate, punctures moderate with dark colora­ tion; intervals densely punctate, punctures ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia galerana is small. Suture angled apically, without spine. named after the Cordillera Galeras, the re­ Pygidium: Width approximately 2.6 times gion of the eastern Andes Mountains where length medially. Surface weakly convex, much of the type series was collected. densely punctate; punctures small or moder­ ate, setose; setae short, cream colored. Venter: DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished Thorax densely setose (except glabrous medi­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ ally), setae white. Mesothoracic process lia by the following combination of characters: strongly produced, projecting anteriorly past frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex a well-developed, truncate apical tooth rounded, ventrally flattened. Abdomen strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum sparsely setose, setae white. Apical spiracles with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 teeth in ity; antenna 10-segmented, club length apical quarter. Mesotibia and metatibia wid­ greater than other segments combined; est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than pronotum surface densely punctate with a long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with mix of small and moderate punctures; scutel­ internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ lum disc usually green; elytron with well-de­ mere 5 with internobasal stridulatory tooth. fined, yellow, longitudinal lines on striae 3 Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with and 5; elytral apices capable of completely internobasal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor covering the pygidium; pygidium entirely se­ plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified tose; metasternum black (at least medially); protarsal claw with length greater than abdominal sternites dark; protibial spur no­ protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when ticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; compared with other claw, laterally flattened, mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal males with an apical stridulatory ridge; and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: an internobasal tooth; parameres with the Phallobase 1.5 times longer than length of apex dorsoventrally flattened. 90 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

* Platycoelia galerana • Platycoelia nigrosternalis o Platycoelia intermeqia

• • • • •

• •

Fig. 56. Distribution of Platycoelia galerana, P. nigrosternalis, and P. intermedia in Colombia and Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 56). Eastern slope of PICHINCHA (1): No Data. SUCUMBIOS (2): the Andes Mountains in Ecuador. Lumbaqui. TUNGURAHUA (2): Banos. ZAMO­ RA CHINCHIPE (2): Zamora, Sabanilla. NO LOCALITY DATA. 60 specimens examined DATA (6). from BMNH, DCCC, DJCC, FMNH, HAHC, HNHM, HSIC, LACM, MGFT, MNHN, No DATA (2). NMPC, QCAZ, SLTC, SMTD, UNSM, USNM, One specimen labeled ''Valencia Venezu­ ZMHB,ZMUH. ela" was considered to have no data. This lo­ cality is far outside the known range of the ECUADOR (58). LOJA (3): La Toma, Loja, No species. Data. MORONA SANTIAGO (2): Macas, Plan de Milagro (18 km WSW). NAPO (37): Baeza, TEMPORAL DATA. January (2), February Cosanga, Huacamayos, Las Palmas, Sarayacu, (3), March (17), May (4), July (1), September Sumaco. PASTAZA (3): Puyo, Rio Pastaza. (2), October (2), November (14). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 91

19. Platycoelia flavostriata from Latreille is in the British Museum." The (Latreille, 1813) green label "d)" on the lectotype (transcribed (Figs. 21, 29, 57, 58, back cover) above) is in Dejean's handwriting and is the typical form for his labels (compared with an Melolontha flavostriata Latreille, 1813 (origi­ example in Horn and Kahle [1936]). Arrow nal combination, valid name) (1899) speculated that there was only one CATALOG. Melolontha flavostriata, Latreille specimen in the type series, but Latreille did 1813:58 [original description]. not explicitly state this. The lectotype has no Platycoelia flavostriata, Dejean 1833:154 locality data but is most similar to specimens [new combination, checklist); Dejean collected in Colombia. Humboldt and 1836:171 [checklist); Blanchard 1851:227 Bonpland traveled through Colombia in 1801- [catalog listing); Arrow 1899:369 [comment 1802 (Papavero 1971). Although the date on on nomenclature); Ohaus 1904b:302, 304, Latreille's volume containing the original de­ 339 [redescription); Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog scription of P. flavostriata was 1812, Sherborn listing); Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist); (1899) determined that the actual publication Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog listing); Frey date was 1813. Ohaus (1904b) described a 1967:377 [comparison with Platycoelia penai); variety (P. flavostriata variety herbacea) of Machatschke 1972:301,302 [cited as type spe­ this species based on one female specimen cies for Platycoelia, catalog listing). (from the Oberthiir collection but now at Platycoelia flavolineata (=Platycoelia ZMHB). This is an infrasubspecific (unavail­ flavostriata, laps us calami), Ohaus 1904b:274, able) name that is not regulated by the ICZN. 340 [comment on morphology). Type locality: Colombia. Platycoelia flavostriata variety herbacea (unavailable, infrasubspecific name), Ohaus DESCRIPTION. Male (n=117). Length 22.0- 1904b:303, 339 [original description as vari­ 30.1 mm, width 11.9-17.8 mm (Fig. 57). Color ety); Ohaus 1908:404 [distribution); Ohaus lime green to olive green (sometimes dark­ 1918:177 [catalog listing as variety); Black­ ened to brownish-green) or yellow; yellow welder 1944:247 [checklist as variety) elytron, pronotum, scutellum margins; Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog listing as elytron with thin, greenish-yellow longitudi­ form); Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing nal stripes on elytral striae 1-7 (sometimes as form). some are obsolete). Body ovate, strongly con­ vex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons TYPE SPECIMENS. Melolontha flavostriata densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, Latreille lectotype male at BMNH labeled a) punctures small or moderate. Frons not de­ "Type" (round label with red border, typeface), pressed. Frontoclypeal suture incomplete, b) "544." (handwritten), c) "67 45" (typeface), absent medially or complete. Clypeal apex d) "Platycoelia flavostriata Latreille h. in broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approxi­ Amer. Aequin. D. Bonpl." (green label, hand­ mately 3.4 transverse eye-widths. Labrum written), e) "So named in Reiches Collection. sparsely punctate, with moderately large, se­ C.w." (typeface), f) "MELOLONTHA FLAVO­ tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum STRIATA LATREILLE (J LECTOTYPE A. B. with triangular, medial tooth; apex of tooth T. SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and broadly truncate, extending past apex of typeface), g) "Platycoelia flavostriata mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular (Latreille, 1813) (J Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" medial tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna (typeface). Lectotype here designated. See 10-segmented (sometimes appearing 9-seg­ Methods and Materials section for a state­ mented); club slightly shorter than other seg­ ment of taxonomic purpose. Latreille (1813) ments combined, slightly shorter than length did not state how many specimens were in the offrons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely type series. The lectotype was identified by punctate, with small or moderate punctures. Arrow (1899), who stated that "a type speci­ Marginal bead weak apicolaterally, absent men (of P. flavostriata) received by Dejean elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu- 92 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM dinal striae weakly punctate, punctures mod­ tate with a mix of small and moderate punc­ erate with dark coloration; intervals densely tures; scutellum disc usually green; elytron punctate, punctures small. Suture angled with well-defined, yellow, longitudinal lines apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width ap­ on striae 1-7; elytral apices capable of com­ proximately 2.8 times length medially. Sur­ pletely covering the pygidium; pygidium en­ face weakly convex, densely punctate; tirely setose; metasternum and abdominal punctures small or moderate, setose; setae sternites green; protibial spur noticeably short, cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; setose (except glabrous medially), setae white. mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in Mesothoracic process strongly produced, pro­ males with an apical stridulatory ridge; jecting anteriorly to protrochanter; shape mesotarsomere 5 and metatars om ere 5 with conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flat­ an internobasal tooth; parameres with the tened. Abdomen sparsely setose laterally, se­ apex dorsoventrally flattened. tae white. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 large teeth in apical DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 58). Most specimens quarter; third, short tooth sometimes appar­ are from the Andes Mountains from western ent (often obsolete). Mesotibia and metatibia Venezuela to central Colombia. A few speci­ widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider mens are from widely scattered localities than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with along the eastern slope of the Andes Moun­ internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ tains from Ecuador to northern Argentina. mere 5 with internobasal stridulatory ridge. More collecting needs to be done before any Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with conclusions can be drawn about the exact internobasal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor range of this species south of Colombia. plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length greater than LOCALITY DATA. 260 specimens examined protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when from ABTS, AMNH, BMNH, CASC, CBAC, compared with other claw, laterally flattened, CMNH, DEIC, DJCC, FGIC, FMNH, FSCA, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal HARC, HNHM, LACM, LEMQ, MCZC, MGFT, and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral MIZA, MNHN, MNNC, SLTC, SMFD, SMTD, tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: UCDC, UNSM, USNM, ZMHB, ZMUH. Phallobase approximately 1.5 times longer than length of parameres (Fig. 29). Para­ VENEZUELA (213). ARAGUA (95): Carretera meres dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially Maracay - Choroni, Carretera Maracay - acute (Fig. 21). Ocumare de la Costa, Choroni, El Lim6n, Female (n=142). Length 22.8-30.1 mm, Estaci6n Bio16gica Rancho Grande, La Tiara, width 14.1-17.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ Maracay, Pico Guacamaya, Portapan, Puerto lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly Portochuelo (Parque Naci6nal Henri Pittier), longer than segments 2-7. Legs: Protibia with Tejerias, Tiara, No Data. DISTRITO FED­ 3 teeth in apical half, third tooth short. ERAL (1): Antimano. MERIDA (32): Merida. Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical MIRANDA (16): Los Alpes, Los Charros. stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without TAcHIRA (48): Carretera Bram6n - Delicias, internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with Carretera Rubio - Delicias, Palmira, Rubio. ventral tooth, not thickened. NO DATA (21).

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished COLOMBIA (31). BOYACA (10): Muzo. from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ CAUCA (2): No Data. CUNDINAMARCA (1): lia by the following combination of characters: Monterredondo. DISTRITO CAPITAL (2): labrum with a well-developed, truncate api­ Bogota. HUILE (1): Gigante. MAGDALENA cal tooth strongly overlapping the mentum; (2): Cincinati, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. mentum with a distinct tooth curved into the NO DATA (13). oral cavity; pronotum surface densely punc- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 93

Fig. 57. Platycoelia flavostriata male. 94 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

• Platycoelia Jlavostriata o Platycoelia lutescens I 1:1 Platycoelia helleri l Fig. 58. Distribution of Platycoelia fiavostriata, P. lutescens, and P. helleri in South America.

ECUADOR (4). NAPO (1): Sierra de Huaca­ No DATA (6). mayos. TUNGURAHUA (1): Ambato. Four specimens labeled "Caracas" and ZAMORA CHINCHIPE (1): Zamora. NO "Bolivar: EI Dorado" were considered to be DATA (1). from Venezuela with no further data. The low elevation ofthese localities makes it unlikely PERU (2). CUSCO (2): Paucartambo. that the specimens were collected there.

BOLIVIA (3). COCHABAMBA (1): Incachaca. TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), February TARIJA (2): Villa Montes. (2), March (2), April (20), May (32), June (43), July (11), August (12), September (3), October ARGENTINA (1). JUJUY (1): No Data. (2), November (3), December (46). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 95

20. Platycoelia nigrosternalis LECTOTYPE A.B.T.sMITH 2002" (yellow la­ Ohaus, 1904 bel, handwritten and typeface). One male (Fig. 56) paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Colombie Popayan Abbe Gaujon 1899" (typeface), b) Platycoelia nigrosternalis Ohaus, 1904 (valid "Ohaus determ. PI. nigrosternalis Ohaus (J." name) (typeface and handwritten), c) "PLATYCOE­ CATALOG. Platycoelia nigrosternalis, Ohaus LIA NIGROSTERNALIS OHAUS (J PARA­ 1904b:305, 339 [original description]; Ohaus LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow 1908:404 [biology]; Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog label, handwritten and typeface). One female listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "RDagua, Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog listing]; Columbia W.Rosenberg," (typeface), b) "9" Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing]. (typeface), c) "Cotypus!" (red label, typeface), Platycoelia nigrosternalis variety d) "Platycoelia nigrosternalis Ohs. Cotype" laevigata (unavailable, infrasubspecific (orange label, handwritten), e) "PLATYCOE­ name), Ohaus 1904b:306, 339 [original de­ LIA NIGROSTERNALIS OHAUS 9 PARA­ scription as variety]; Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow listing as variety]; Blackwelder 1944:247 label, handwritten and typeface). One female [checklist as variety]; Machatschke 1965:58 paralectotype from ZMHB labeled a) "Bogota [catalog listing as form]; Machatschke Columb." (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red label, 1972:302 [catalog listing as form]. typeface), c) "nigrosternalis Ohaus" (red label, Platycoelia nigrosternalis variety handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA NIGRO­ pygidialis (unavailable, infrasubspecific STERNALIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE name), Ohaus 1904b:306, 339 [original de­ A.B.T.sMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ scription as variety]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog ten and typeface). Ohaus (1904b) did not state listing as variety]; Blackwelder 1944:247 how many specimens were in the type series. [checklist as variety]; Machatschke 1965:58 The existence and location of other [catalog listing as form]; Machatschke paralectotypes are unknown. Ohaus (1904b) 1972:302 [catalog listing as form]. described two varieties of this species each based on one specimen (both housed at TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia nigro­ ZMHB). These are infrasubspecific (unavail­ sternalis Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB la­ able) names that are not regulated by the beled a) "Colombia (Cauca) Distrito de Pereira ICZN. The specimens labeled by Ohaus as Roman M. Valencia 1886." (typeface), b) "types" of these varieties are excluded from "Platycoelia nigrosterna-lis Ohs. Cotype" (or­ the type series of P. nigrosternalis under ICZN ange label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA Article 72.4.1. The male specimen considered NIGROSTERNALIS ORAUS (J LECTOTYPE to be of the variety "pygidialis" is at ZMHB A.B.T.sMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten labeled "Ecuador Baron." and is conspecific and typeface). Lectotype here designated. with P. galerana. The male specimen consid­ See Methods and Materials section for a ered to be of the variety "laevigata" is at statement of taxonomic purpose. One male ZMHB labeled "Baranquilla Columb." Two paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Vene­ female specimens from ZMHB labeled zuela" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia nigrosterna­ "VENEZ. Caracas," and "Columb. Cauca," lis Ohs. Cotype" (orange label, handwritten), both have Ohaus' orange "Platycoelia c) "PLATYCOELIA NIGROSTERNALIS nigrosternalis Ohs. Cotype" labels. One fe­ ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH male specimen at USNM labeled "Sante Fe de 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ Bogota." has Ohaus' "Ohaus determ. Platycoe­ face). One male paralectotype at ZMHB la­ lia nigrosternalis Cotype 9 Ohs." label. One beled a) "Merida Venez." (typeface), b) male specimen at ZMHB labeled "Santa Jnes "Platycoelia nigrosternalis Cotype Ohs." (or­ (Ecuad.) RHaensch S.," "Typus!," and ange label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA "nigrosternalis Ohaus" These four specimens NIGROSTERNALIS OHAUS (J PARA- are not part of the original type series because 96 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

none of these localities were mentioned in the Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with original description (Ohaus 1904b). Type lo­ internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ cality: Pereira, Cauca, Colombia. drical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length greater than protarsomere DESCRIPTION. Male (n=42). Length 23.8- 5, thickened and elongate when compared 28.5 mm, width 13.7-17.2 mm. Color dorsally with other claw, laterally flattened, apex un­ light green (sometimes yellow or darkened to evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and dark green or brownish-green) with lighter metatarsal claws elongated with ventral green elytral intervals 3, 5, 7; yellow elytron, tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallo­ pronotum, scutellum margins. Ventrally light base 1.4 times longer than length of para­ green, metasternum with large, black, medial meres. Parameres dorsoventrally flattened, spot. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dor­ apicomedially acute. sal surface glabrous. Frons densely punctate, Female (n=25). Length 26.2-31.1 mm, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures small or width 15.0-17.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal lowing respects. Head: Antennal club approxi­ suture incomplete, absent medially. Clypeal mately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: Protibia apex broadly rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ with 3 teeth in apical half, third tooth shorter. proximately 3.9 transverse eye-widths. La­ Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical brum sparsely punctate, with moderately stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with labrum with triangular, medial tooth; apex of ventral tooth, not thickened. tooth broadly truncate, extending past apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished medial tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ 10-segmented; club slightly less than other lia by the following combination of characters: segments combined, slightly longer than frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, a well-developed, truncate apical tooth densely punctate, with small or moderate strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum punctures. Marginal bead weak apico­ with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface ity; antenna 10-segmented, club length not glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punc­ greater than other segments combined; tate, punctures moderate with dark colora­ pronotum surface densely punctate with a tion; intervals densely punctate, punctures mix of small and moderate punctures; scutel­ small. Suture angled apically, without spine. lum disc usually green; elytron with well-de­ Pygidium: Width approximately 2.3 times fined, yellow, longitudinal lines on striae 3 length medially. Surface weakly convex, and 5; elytral apices capable of completely densely punctate; punctures small or moder­ covering the pygidium; elytron with a distinct ate, setose; setae cream colored. Venter: Tho­ yellow suture; pygidium entirely setose; meso­ rax densely setose (except glabrous medially), thoracic process lighter in color than meta­ setae white. Mesothoracic process strongly sternum; metasternum with a central black produced, projecting anteriorly to protro­ patch; abdominal sternites green; protibial chanter; shape conical-elongate, apex spur noticeably shorter than adjacent tibial rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen apex; mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 sparsely setose, setae white. Apical spiracles in males with an apical stridulatory ridge; not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 teeth in mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with apical quarter. Mesotibia and metatibia wid­ an internobasal tooth; parameres with the est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than apex dorsoventrally flattened. long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 56). Western cordil­ mere 5 with internobasal stridulatory tooth. lera of the Andes Mountains in Colombia. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 97

LOCALITY DATA. 66 specimens examined 2002:26 [checklist); Smith 2002a:381 [phylo­ from AMNH, BMNH, CASC, CMNH, CNCI, genetic analysis of Brachysternina). DEIC, EMEC, FSCA, HAHC, MCZC, MGFT, MNHN, MXAL, OSAC, SMTD, USNM, TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia humeralis ZMHB, ZMUH. Bates 1888: 293. Lectotype female at BMNH labeled a) "Type" (round label with red border, COLOMBIA (60). ANTIOQUIA (5): Yarumal, typeface), b) "Sp. figured." (typeface), c) "v. de No Data. CALDAS (1): Manizales. CAQUETA Chiriqui, 4000 ft. Champion." (typeface), d) (1): No Data. CAUCA (25): Pais Pamba, "Platycoelia humeralis Bates" (handwritten), Pereira, Popayan, Silvia (20 km W), Timbio, e)"B. C. A. ColI. II. (2). Platycoelia humeralis." No Data. DISTRITO CAPITAL (3): Bogota, (typeface), f) "PLATYCOELIA HUMERALIS Sante Fe de Bogota. QUINDIO (1): Quindio. BATES DET: A. B. T. SMITH 2001 LECTO­ VALLE DE CAUCA(10): Cali, Cali (18 km W), TYPE 9" (red label, handwritten and type­ Calima, San Antonio. NO DATA (14). face). Lectotype here designated. See Methods and Materials section for a statement No DATA (6). of taxonomic purpose. Nine male paralecto­ One specimen labeled "Barranquilla" was types at ANSP, BMNH, MCZC, MNHN (4), considered from Colombia with no further USNM, and ZMHB all bearing the label "v. data. Four specimens labeled "Venezuela" de Chiriqui, 4000-6000 ft. Champion." (type­ were considered to have no data. One speci­ face) and my yellow paralectotype label. men labeled "Venezuela D. F. Co Narquata" Twenty-one female paralectotypes at AMNH, was considered to have no data. These locali­ ANSP (2), BMNH (2), CNCI, DEIC (3), MCZC ties are either far out of the known range or (2), MNHN (5), SMTD, USNM (2), and ZMHB too low in elevation to support populations of (2) all bearing the same labels as above. One this species. female paralectotype at MNHN labeled "Coatepec Mexico" (handwritten) and bearing TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), February my yellow paralectotype label. Five female (1), March (3), April (3), May (2), July (8), Sep­ paralectotypes at BMNH (2), USNM, and tember (2), October (2), December (1). ZMHB (2) all bearing the label "Bugaba, Panama. Champion." (typeface) and my yel­ low paralectotype label. Although Bugaba was 21. Platycoelia humeralis Bates, not explicitly mentioned as a locality in the 1888 original description of the species, Bates (Figs. 59, 60) (1888) must have used these specimens for his original description. Both Bugaba specimens Platycoelia humeralis Bates, 1888 (valid from the BMNH bear the label "B. C. A. ColI. name) II. (2). Platycoelia humeralis." This is a typi­ CATALOG. Platycoelia humeralis, Bates cal label seen on many specimens used to 1888:293 [original description); Ohaus write the Biologia Centrali-Americana. There­ 1904b:294, 297, 305, 306, 339, 340 [redescrip­ fore these specimens are paralectotypes. The tion); Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration); Ohaus locations of approximately 13 remaining 1918:177 [catalog listing); Blackwelder paralectotypes are unknown. Type locality: 1944:247 [checklist); Machatschke 1965:56, Volcan de Chiriqui, Chiriqui, Panama. 58 [catalog listing); De Ruette 1970:93 [cata­ log listing); Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog DESCRIPTION. Male (n=285). Length 21.5- listing); Martinez 1976:328 [distribution); 29.3 mm, width 12.8-17.4 mm (Fig. 59). Color Thomas 1993:402 [checklist); Moron lime green (sometimes darkened to olive 1994b: 17, 44 [distribution, biology, key to green or brownish-green) or yellow; elytral in­ Scarabaeoidea of Sierra de Hidalgo, Mexico); tervals 1,3,5, 7 lighter green (sometimes ob­ Moron 1995:195 [comment on distribution); solete, lighter yellow in yellow specimens); Moron 1997:51 [redescription); Ratcliffe yellow elytron, pro no tum margins; yellow 98 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

scutellum (occasionally green medially); tarsal and metatarsal claws elongated with metasternum sometimes with medial black ventral tooth, not thickened (modified meso­ patch. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: tarsal claw sometimes thickened and elongate Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely punc­ when compared with other claw, laterally flat­ tate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures small tened, apex unevenly bifurcate). Male Genita­ or moderate. Frons not depressed. Fronto­ lia: Phallobase approximately 1.6 times clypeal suture incomplete, absent medially. longer than length of parameres. Parameres Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. rated by approximately 3.0 transverse eye­ Female (n=177). Length 24.7-31.0 mm, widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with width 14.3-18.9 mm. As male except in the fol­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae lowing respects. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ apical half, third tooth short but distinct. dial tooth; apex oftooth broadly truncate, ex­ Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical tending past apex of mentum. Apex of stridulatory ridge. Mesotarsomere 4 and meta­ mentum with triangular medial tooth curved tarsomere 4 without internoapical stridula­ into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club tory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without internal approximately equal to other segments com­ tooth. Modified protarsal claw with ventral bined, slightly shorter than length of frons. tooth, not thickened. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ tate, with small or moderate punctures. Mar­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ginal bead weak apicolaterally, absent from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu­ lia by the following combination of characters: dinal striae weakly punctate, punctures mod­ frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with erate with dark coloration; intervals densely a well-developed, truncate apical tooth punctate, punctures small. Suture angled strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width ap­ with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ proximately 2.6 times length medially. Sur­ ity; antenna 10-segmented; pronotum surface face weakly convex, moderately punctate; densely punctate with mix of small and mod­ punctures small or moderate, setose; setae erate punctures; scutellum yellow; elytron short, cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely with well-defined, yellow, longitudinal lines setose (except glabrous medially), setae white. on striae 3 and 5, weaker lines on striae 1 and Mesothoracic process strongly produced, pro­ 7; elytral apices capable of completely cover­ jecting anteriorly to protrochanter; shape ing the pygidium; pygidium entirely setose; conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flat­ mesothoracic process lighter in color than the tened. Abdomen sparsely setose laterally, se­ metasternum; abdominal sternites with dark tae white. Apical spiracles not extruding. apical and basal borders; protibial spur no­ Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; third ticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; tooth short, sometimes obsolete. Mesotibia mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres males with an apical stridulatory ridge; 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarso­ mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with mere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory an internobasal tooth; parameres with the ridge. Mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 apex dorsoventrally flattened. with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protar­ somere 5 with internobasal stridulatory DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 60). Occurs in mon­ tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatars om ere 5 tane areas of Central America from Hidalgo, with internobasal tooth or swelling. Ungui­ Mexico to north-western Panama. tractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length greater BIOLOGY. Moron (1994b) observed that P. than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate humeralis was only captured at Tlanchinol, when compared with other claw, laterally flat­ Hidalgo, Mexico every second year. He specu­ tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified meso- lated that the species may have a two-year life MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 99

Fig. 59. Platycoelia humeralis male. 100 BULLETIN OF THE UNlVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

• • • Platycoelia humeralis • •

Fig. 60. Distribution of Platycoelia humeralis in Mexico and Central America.

life cycle without overlapping generations. I have GUATEMALA (56). BAJA VERAPAZ (33): not observed this phenomenon in other popula­ Huehuetenango Barillas, Nino Perdido, tions. It is unknown if the life cycle is longer for Purulha. IZABAL (7): Cerro San Gil, Negro some of the Mexican populations or if other Norte. SAN MARCOS (1): Bojonal Road (km populations have overlapping generations. 1.3). ZACAPA (15): La Uni6n.

LOCALITY DATA. 462 specimens examined HONDURAS (51). COpAN (1): Lancetilla. from ABTS, AMNH, ANSP, BCRC, BDGC, CORTEZ (47): Lago de Yojoa, Parque BMNH, CASC, CNCI, DCCC, DEIC, DJCC, Nacional Cusuco, San Pedro Sula. EAPZ, EGRC, EMEC, FGIC, FMNH, HARC, OLANCHO (2): Parque Nacional La Muralla. HNHM, INBC, ISNB, JMMC, LACM, MCZC, YORO (1): Pico Pijol. MGFT, MLJC, MNHN, :MXAL, OSAC, PKLC, RACC, RFMC, SEMC, SLTC, SMFD, SMTD, COSTA RICA (166). CARTAGO (60): Cachi, TAMU, UCRC, UMRM, UNSM, USNM, Chirrip6 Indian Reserve, Chirrip6 Valley, UVGC, VMCP, ZMHB, ZSMC. Estrella de Cartago, Grano de Oro, Orosi, Parque Nacional Tapanti, Quebrada Segunda, MEXICO (73). HIDALGO (27): Molango, Rio Grande de Orosi, Turrialba, Volcan Irazu. Tlanchinol, Zacualtipan. MEXICO (2): GUANACASTE (4): Estaci6n Las Pailas, La Mexico. OAXACA (3): La Esperanza, Sierra de Palma. HEREDIA (3): La Selva, Vara Blanca. Juarez. PUEBLA (1): Teziutlan. VERACRUZ LIMON (1): Coronado. PUNTARENAS (85): (31): Banderilla (7 km NW), Coatepec, Buenos Aires, Cerro Biolley, Estaci6n La Xalapa. NO DATA (9). Casona, Estaci6n Biol6gica Las Alturas, Las MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 101

Cruces, Estaci6n Pittier, Fila Cruces, males only. The existence and location of Monteverde, Reserva Biol6gica Monteverde, paralectotypes are unknown. Type locality: San Luis Monteverde, San Vito. SAN JOSE Macas, Morona Santiago, Ecuador. (11): Divisi6n, Estaci6n Santa Elena, Estaci6n Zurqui. NO DATA (2). DESCRIPTION. Male (n=l). Length 25.8 mm, width 15.4 mm. Color olive green with PANAMA (102). CHIRIQUI (102): Boquete, slightly lighter green longitudinal stripes on Bugaba, IRHE Vivero, La Fortuna, elytron; yellow elytron, pronotum, scutellum Potterillos, Quebrada Aleman, Rio Sereno (15 margins. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: km E), Santa Clara, Volclin de Chiriqui. Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons moderately punctate (base) to rugopunctate (apex); No DATA (14). clypeus rugose, punctures small or moderate. One specimen labeled "Chanchamayo," Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture one specimen labeled "Bolivia," and one speci­ incomplete, absent medially. Clypeal apex men labeled "Brasil, Matto Grosso, Planalto broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approxi­ de Pareus" were considered to have no data. mately 2.7 transverse eye-widths. Labrum These localities are far outside the known sparsely punctate, with moderately large, se­ range of this species. tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, medial tooth; apex of tooth TEMPORAL DATA. January (3), February broadly truncate, extending past apex of men­ (2), March (5), April (10), May (65), June (82), tum. Apex of mentum with triangular medial July (65), August (54), September (35), Octo­ tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna 10-seg­ ber (17), November (5), December (7). mented; club approximately equal to other segments combined, slightly shorter than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, 22. Platycoelia intermedia Ohaus, densely punctate, with small or moderate 1925 punctures. Marginal bead weak apico­ (Fig. 56) laterally, laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae with Platycoelia intermedia Ohaus, 1925 (valid scattered punctures, punctures moderate; in­ name) tervals densely punctate, punctures small. CATALOG. Platycoelia intermedia, Ohaus Suture angled apically, without spine. Py­ 1925:82 [original description]; Blackwelder gidium: Width approximately 2.6 times 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:59 length medially. Surface weakly convex, [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ densely punctate; punctures small or moder­ log listing]. ate, setose; setae short, cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely setose (except glabrous medi­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia intermedia ally), setae white. Mesothoracic process Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) strongly produced, projecting anteriorly past "Macas Ecuador or." (typeface), b) "Type" (red protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex label, typeface), c) "Platycoelia intermedia rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen Ohs." (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ sparsely setose, setae cream colored. Apical COELIA INTERMEDIA ORAUS (J LECTO­ spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 2 TYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (red label, teeth in apical quarter. Mesotibia and handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2- designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Ohaus (1925) stated that the type series was Protarsomere 5 with internal stridulatory "received from Staudinger," but did not explic­ ridge. Mesotarsomere and metatars om ere 5 itly state how many specimens were in the type with internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate cy­ series. The original description was based on lindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal 102 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM claw with length greater than protarsomere 23. Platycoelia convexa new species 5, thickened and elongate when compared (Fig. 52) with other claw, laterally flattened, apex un­ evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, allotype and 17 paratypes (10 male, 7 female). not thickened. Male Genitalia: Parameres dor­ Holotype male at HAHC labeled "Dept. soventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. Cusco, PERU Santa Isabel Cosnipata Valley Female (n=2). Length 28.5-29.8 mm, Nov. 30 1951 Felix Woytkowski." Allotype fe­ width 16.0-17.0 mm. As male except in the fol­ male at AMNH labeled "Peru: Dept. Huanuco lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly 2800 m. Carpish XI, 1946 F. Woytkowski." shorter than other segments combined. Legs: One male paratype at AMNH labeled Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half, third tooth "Chanchamayo, Peru F 6032" and "Acc. 33591 shorter. Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical H. Bassler Collection." One female paratype stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without in­ at ABTS labeled "Chanchamayo, Peru F ternal tooth or ridge. Modified protarsal claw 6032," "H. Bassler Collection Acc. 33591," and with ventral tooth, not thickened. "Platycoelia sp DET. L. W. SAYLOR." One male para type at UNSM and one female DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished paratype at AMNH labeled "Chanchamayo, from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Peru III-28 F 6032" and "H. Bassler Collec­ lia by the following combination of characters: tionAcc. 33591." One male paratype at ZMHB clypeal apex weakly reflexed; frontoclypeal labeled "Peru Chanchamayo" and "Platycoe­ suture incomplete; labrum with a well-devel­ lia flavostriata Latr." One female paratype at oped, truncate apical tooth strongly overlap­ ZMHB labeled "Peru Chanchamayo." One ping the mentum; mentum with a distinct male paratype at UNSM labeled "Peru: Dept. tooth curved into the oral cavity; antenna 10- Huanuco 2500 m. Chinchao 25 km. Below segmented; pronotum surface densely punc­ Carpish, Sept. 5, 1946 F. Woytkowski." One tate with a mix of small and moderate male paratype at UNSM labeled "RONDOS punctures; elytron with yellow, longitudinal PERUIX/82." One male and one female lines on striae 1-7 within thick, light, longi­ paratypes at MNHN labeled "Santo Domingo tudinal bands, light bands separated by thin, SE Peru 6000 ft." One male paratype at dark bands; elytral apices capable of com­ MGFT labeled "Peru Gerstner. 1912." One pletely covering the pygidium; pygidium en­ male and one female paratypes at HARC la­ tirely setose; metasternum and abdominal beled "PERU Huanuco Tingo Maria sternites green; pro tibial spur noticeably Vizguerra-Ieg. ColI. Martinez Jul.-972" and shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; "H. & A. HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. mesotarsomere 4 and meta tars om ere 4 in Martinez colI." One male paratype at USNM males with an apical stridulatory ridge; labeled "SinchonaPeru Rec'dVIII-29-44 mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with J.G.Sander." One male paratype at ABTS la­ internobasal tooth; parameres with the apex beled "BOLIVIA Do Cochabamba Pcia. dorsoventrally flattened. Chapare Yungas del Palmar Locotal. 1200 mts. ColI. Martinez Nov.-53" and "H. & A. DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 56). Occurs on the HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez eastern slope of the Andes Mountains in cen­ colI." One female paratype at CASC labeled tral Ecuador. "Peru (Monte Rico)" and "L.W. Saylor Collec­ tion." One female paratype at FMNH with no LOCALITY DATA. 3 specimens examined data label. Type locality: Santa Isabel from SMTD, VMCP, ZMHB. (Cosfiipata Valley), Cusco, Peru.

ECUADOR (3). MORONA SANTIAGO (2): HOLOTYPE. Male: length 28.9 mm, width Macas. NAPO (1): Chonta Vacuo 17.7 mm. Color dorsally lime green with yel­ low elytron and pronotal margins, yellow TEMPORAL DATA. December (1). scutellum. Ventrally light green, metasternum MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 103 with large, black, medial spot. Body ovate, Head: Antennal club slightly greater than strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ segments 2-7. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in brous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus apical half, third tooth shorter. Protarsomere rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. 3-4 without internoapical stridulatory ridge. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture in­ Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ complete, absent medially. Clypeal apex fied protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approxi­ thickened. mately 2.7 transverse eye-widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with moderately large, se­ VARIATION. Male (n=10). Length 26.5-29.7 tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum mm, width 15.7-17.2 mm. Female (n=7). with triangular, medial tooth; apex of tooth Length 28.0-31.6 mm, width 17.5-18.5 mm. broadly truncate, extending past apex of men­ Paratypes similar to holotype and allotype tum. Apex of mentum with triangular medial except in the following respects. Color of body tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna 10-seg­ sometimes darkened to dark green or brown­ mented; club slightly less than other seg­ ish-green, abdominal sternites green to dark ments combined, slightly longer than clypeal brown. Additional characters as follows. Male length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely Genitalia: Phallobase 1.2 times longer than punctate, with small or moderate punctures. length of parameres. Parameres dorsoven­ Marginal bead weak apicolaterally, laterally, trally flattened, apicomedially acute. absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punctate, punc­ ETYMOLOGY. The specific epithet of Platy­ tures moderate with dark coloration; intervals coelia convexa refers to the general shape of densely punctate, punctures small. Suture the body. angled apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.4 times length medi­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ally. Surface weakly convex, moderately punc­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ tate; punctures small or moderate, setose; lia by the following combination of characters: setae cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with setose (except glabrous medially), setae white. a well-developed, truncate apical tooth Mesothoracic process strongly produced, pro­ strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum jecting anteriorly to protrochanter; shape with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flat­ ity; antenna 10-segmented; pronotum surface tened. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae white. densely punctate with a mix of small and Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia moderate punctures; elytron uniform ally with 2 teeth in apical quarter. Mesotibia and green; elytral apices capable of completely metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 covering the pygidium; pygidium entirely se­ wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere tose; metasternum with a dark, medial patch; 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. protibial spur noticeably shorter than the ad­ Protarsomere 5 with internobasal stridula­ jacent tibial apex; mesotarsomere 4 and tory ridge. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere metatarsomere 4 in males with an apical 5 with internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate stridulatory ridge; mesotarsomere 5 and cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified metatarsomere 5 with an internobasal tooth; protarsal claw with length greater than parameres with the apex dorsoventrally flat­ protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate tened. when compared with other claw, laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 52). Known from the mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated Andes Mountains from central Peru to central with ventral tooth, not thickened. Bolivia.

ALLOTYPE. Female: length 29.3 mm, width LOCALITY DATA. 19 specimens examined 16.9 mm. As male except in the following re­ from AMNH, CASC, FMNH, HAHC, MGFT, spects. Color of abdominal sternites brown. MNHN, USNM, ZMHB. 104 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

PERU (17). CUSCO 0) Santa Isabel apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width 2.8 (Cosfiipata Valley). HUANUCO (5): Carpish, times length medially. Surface weakly convex, Chinchao, Rondos, Tingo Maria. JUNIN (6): moderately to densely punctate; punctures Chanchamayo. NO DATA (5). small or moderate, disc glabrous. Venter: Tho­ rax densely setose, setae cream colored. Me­ BOLIVIA (1). COCHABAMBA (1): Yungas del sothoracic process strongly produced, Palmar. projecting anteriorly past protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex rounded, dors­ No DATA (1). oventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely se­ tose, setae cream colored. Apical spiracles not TEMPORAL DATA. March (2), July (1), Au­ extruding. Legs: Protibia with 1 apical tooth. gust (1), September (1), October (1), Novem­ Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. ber (3). Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with inter­ 24. Platycoelia interstincta new nal stridulatory ridge. Mesotarsomere and species metatarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. (Fig. 63) Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length TYPE SPECIMEN. Male holotype. Holotype greater than protarsomere 5, thickened and male at BMNH labeled "Tatama Colombia elongate when compared with other claw, lat­ 6000 to 8000 ft," "1911-201.," and "Ohaus erally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. determ. Platycoelia variolosa a Ohs." Type Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws locality: Tatama, Risaralda, Colombia. elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.3 times longer HOLOTYPE. Male: length 25.6 mm, width than length of parameres. Parameres dors­ 16.4 mm. Color olive green with yellow oventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. elytron, pronotum, scutellum margins; elytron with black spots along striae. Body ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia interstincta ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface means "the spotted Platycoelia" referring to glabrous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus the small dark spots on the elytra. rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished incomplete, absent medially. Clypeal apex from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ broadly rounded. Eyes separated by 3.5 trans­ lia by the following combination of characters: verse eye-widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with with moderately large, setose punctures, se­ a well-developed, truncate apical tooth tae tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum medial tooth; apex of tooth broadly truncate, with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ extending past apex of mentum. Apex of men­ ity; antenna 10-segmented; pronotum surface tum with triangular medial tooth curved into densely punctate with a mix of small and oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club ap­ moderate punctures; elytron with well-de­ proximately equal to other segments com­ fined, dark, longitudinal spots along striae; bined, slightly longer than clypeal length. elytral apices capable of completely covering Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ the pygidium; pygidium entirely setose; tate, with small or moderate punctures. Mar­ metasternum and abdominal sternites green; ginal bead weak apicolaterally, absent protibia of male with 1 tooth; protibial spur elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu­ noticeably shorter than the adjacent tibial dinal striae weakly punctate, punctures mod­ apex; mesotarsomere 4 and metatars om ere 4 erate with dark coloration; intervals densely in males with an apical stridulatory ridge; punctate, punctures small. Suture angled mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 105 an internobasal tooth; parameres with the paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Ex­ apex dorsoventrally flattened, without a se­ MUSffiO E.Steinheil" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus tose patch. Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. variolosa Ohaus a cotyp." (typeface and hand­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 63). Known only from written), e) "PLATYCOELIA VARIOLOSA Tatama, Colombia. ORAUS a PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH 2002" (handwritten and typeface). One Ecua­ LOCALITY DATA. 1 specimen examined dorian specimen of P. paucarae from ZMHB fromBMNH. bears Ohaus' orange type label stating "Platy­ coelia variolosa cotype Ohs." Another Ecua­ COLOMBIA (1). RISARALDA (1): Tatama. dorian specimen (of P. nigrosternalis) at NMPC bears Ohaus' determination label stat­ ing "Platycoelia variolosa Cotype 9 Ohs." 25. Platycoelia variolosa Ohaus, Since Ecuador was not mentioned in the origi­ 1904 nal description of P. variolosa, neither ofthese (Fig. 63) specimens are part of the type series. Type locality: Colombia. Platycoelia variolosa Ohaus, 1904 (valid name) DESCRIPTION. Male (n=IO). Length 26.8- CATALOG. Platycoelia variolosa, Ohaus 29.1 mm, width 14.4-17.3 mm. Color dorsally 1904b:304, 305, 339 [original description]; light green to olive green with yellow elytron, Ohaus 1918: 178 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder pronotum, and scutellum margins. Ventrally 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:58 light green with metasternum, abdominal [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:302 [cata­ sternites black medially (sometimes black log listing]. extends to lateral margins). Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia variolosa brous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. "COLOMBIE" (light green label, typeface), b) Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture "Platycoelia variolosa Type Ohs." (orange la­ incomplete, absent medially. Clypeus sub­ bel, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA rectangular. Eyes separated by approximately VARIOLOSA OHAUS a LECTOTYPE 3.0 transverse eye-widths. Labrum moder­ AB.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten ately punctate, with moderately large, setose and typeface). Lectotype here designated. punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with See Methods and Materials section for a triangular, medial tooth; apex oftooth broadly statement of taxonomic purpose. One female truncate, extending past apex of mentum. paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) Apex of mentum with triangular medial tooth "COLOMBIE" (light green label, typeface), b) curved into oral cavity. Antenna IO-seg­ "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia variolosa Cotype mented; club approximately equal to other Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ segments combined, slightly longer than COELIA VARIOLOSA OHAUS 9 PARA­ length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow densely punctate, with small or moderate label, handwritten and typeface). Two male punctures. Marginal bead weak apico­ paralectotypes at MNHN labeled a) "Colum" laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface (handwritten), b) "Ex-MuSffiO D.Sharp 1890" glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly punc­ (typeface), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ tate, punctures moderate with dark colora­ face), d) "Ohaus determ. variolosa Ohaus a tion; intervals densely punctate, punctures cotyp." (typeface and handwritten), e) small. Suture angled apically, without spine. "PLATYCOELIA VARIOLOSA OHAUS a Pygidium: Width approximately 2.7 times PARALECTOTYPE A B. T. SMITH 2002" length medially. Surface weakly convex, (handwritten and typeface). One male densely punctate; punctures small or moder- 106 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM ate, setose; setae short, cream colored. Ven­ gidium entirely setose; metasternum and ab­ ter: Thorax densely setose (except glabrous dominal sternites green or yellow; protibial medially), setae white. Mesothoracic process apical 2 teeth adjacent, located in the apical strongly produced, projecting anteriorly past quarter of the protibia; protibial spur notice­ protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex ably shorter than the adjacent tibial apex; rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen protarsomere 3 in males without a distinct sparsely setose, setae white. Apical spiracles apical stridulatory patch; modified protarsal not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in claw in males laterally flattened; meso­ apical half; apical 2 teeth longer, third tooth tarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in males short, obsolete. Mesotibia and metatibia wid­ with an apical stridulatory ridge; meso­ est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with an long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internobasal tooth; parameres with the apex internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protar­ dorsoventrally flattened. somere 5 with internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 63). Andes Mountains without internal tooth. Prounguitractor plate in central Colombia. cylindrical, with 2 subapical setae. Meso­ unguitractor plate and metaunguitractor LOCALITY DATA. 20 specimens examined plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified from AMNH, CASC, DEIC, MNHN, VMCP, protarsal claw with length approximately ZMHB,ZMUH. equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ gate when compared with other claw, laterally COLOMBIA (19). ANTIOQUIA (2) Medellin. flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate with 1 bi­ BOYACA 0): Villa de Leiva. furcation twisted beneath the other in ventral CUNDINAMARCA (4): Fusagasuga, view. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal Monterredondo, Viota. DISTRITO CAPI­ claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ TAL (1): Bogota. NO DATA (11). ened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.4 times longer than length of parameres. Parameres No DATA (1). dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. Female (n=10). Length 27.2-30.9 mm, TEMPORAL DATA. June (1). width 14.8-16.8 mm. As male except in the fol­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club approxi­ mately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: 26. Platycoelia grandicula new Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical species stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without (Figs. 2, 8, 13, 61, 62) internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female allotype and 92 paratypes (58 male, 34 fe­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished male). Holotype male at UNSM labeled from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ "PANAMA, PANAMA PR. 10 KM N EL LL­ lia by the following combination of characters: ANO MAY 16-22 1987 E. GIESBERT, COLL." frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with and "Donated by Ed Giesbert 1997." Allotype a well-developed, truncate apical tooth female at UNSM labeled "PANAMA, strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum PANAMA PR. ±10 KM N EL LLANO, 1400' with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ MAY 16-20 1984 E. GIESBERT, COLL." and ity; antenna 10-segmented; pronotum surface "Donated by Ed Giesbert 1997." One male densely punctate with a mix of small and paratype at FSCA labeled "PANAMA, moderate punctures; elytron without distinct, PANAMAPR. 10-12 KM N EL LLANO JUNE yellow, longitudinal lines; elytral apices ca­ 3-8 1986 E. GIESBERT, COLL." Two male pable of completely covering the pygidium; paratypes at DCCC labeled "PANAMA elytron with a distinct yellow suture; py- Panama Pro El Llano-Carti Rd. 8 Km N El Ll- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 107 ano 13 May 1994 BL&MV DCCarlsonl Rodriguez. 700m. MAY 1997. G. Carballo. FTHovore." Thirteen male and six female L_N_245900_475900 #46301" and have the paratypes at EGRC, two male paratypes at database label numbering from INBIO PKLC, two female paratypes at LACM, one CRI002 541295 to INBIO CRI002 541296. male and one female paratypes at ABTS, one One male paratype at ABTS labeled "COSTA male and one female paratypes at ZMHB, and RICA: Provo Alajuela; Arenal Volcano (Obser­ one male and one female paratypes at MLJC vatory Lodge). lOo26'39"N, 84°42'62"W, 7- labeled "PANAMA: Cocle, Cerro Gaital, VI- 17Apr. 1991, M. Spencer." One male paratype 10-12-1985, E.Riley&D.Rider." One male and at HAHC labeled "Limon Costa Rica one female paratype at DJCC and one male Guayacan 8.IX.1972 V. O. Becker col." One and one female paratype at ABTS labeled male para type at INBC labeled "R San "PANAMA: Cocle Cerro Gaital850m 13-20 vii Lorenzo, 1050m, RF. Cord. Guanacaste 96 Curoe." Two male and three female (Tenorio) Provo Guan. COSTA RICA. C. paratypes at DJCC labeled "Panama Cocle Alvarado, Jun 1991, L-N-287800,427600" and Cerro Gaital 11-V-94 Curoe, Monzon." Two has the database label number INBIO male paratypes at DJCC labeled "Panama CRI000 668623. One male and two female Cocle provo EI Valle 850m 23 VIII 98 D. Curoe paratypes at INBC labeled "C. R-San Jose col." One male paratype at SEMC labeled P.N.B.C. Est. Carrillo Abril 1985 700m A. M. "PANAMA: Colon Prov (Santa Rita Ridge) 30 Chacon" and has the database label number­ km SE Colon 13 May 1981 Robert W. Brooks." ing from INBIO CRI002 519146 to INBIO Three male and one female paratypes at CRI002 519148. One male paratype at CNCI INBC and one male paratype at BCRC la­ labeled "COSTA RICA B. Carrillo N. P. beled "COSTA RICA, Provo Alajuela, R B. San 84°07'W;10oI0'N 10.lV.85; 500m. H. Goulet­ Ramon. 800m. MAR 1997. G. Carballo. L. Masner." One male paratype at USNM la­ CN_245100_472100 #46303" and have data­ beled "Rio Tacarcuna Darien Provo Panama base labels numbering from INBIO CRI002 1900 ft. Jul 63 W. P. Murdoch." One female 461158 to INBIO CRlO02 461162. Five male paratype at FSCA, labeled "PANAMA, paratypes at INBC, one male paratype at PANAMA PR ±10 KM N EL LLANO, 1400' ABTS, one male paratype at UNSM, and one MAY 28 - JUNE 3, 1984 E. GIESBERT, female paratype at BCRC labeled "R San COLL." One female paratype at DJCC labeled Lorencito, 900 m, R F. San Ramon, 5 km N "PANAMA: Cocle Cerro Gaital 850 m 15-23 vi de Colonia Palmareiia, Provo Alaju., COSTA 96 Curoe." One female paratype from DJCC RICA. 13-18 Jun 1993. I Curso Scarabaeidae. labeled "Panama, Pan Cerro Jefe 850m Altos L-N-244500, 470700" and have database la­ de Capira 5 V 97 Curoe." One female paratype bels numbering from INBIO CRI001 392210 at SEMC labeled "PANAMA 800m Panama to INBIO CRI001 392212, INBIO CRI001 Provo Cerro Compana May 8, 1973" and "P D 364826, INBIO CRI001 364798, and from Ashlock Collector." Two female paratypes at INBIO CRI001 392225 to INBIO CRI001 UNSM labeled "PANAMA: Panama Cerro 392227. One male paratype at INBC labeled Azul V-30-1986 B.Ratcliffe & party." One fe­ "Sector Colonia Palmareiia, Provo Alaju, male paratype at UNSM labeled "PANAMA, COSTA RICA. 700m. 3-22 ABR 1995. E. Chiriqui pro 10 km NE FORTUNA DAM May Fletes, L_N_245900_475900 #4770" and has 15-17, 1993 E. Giesbert, CoIl." and "Donated the database label number INBIO CRI002 by Ed Giesbert 1997." One female paratype at 248190. One male paratype at INBC labeled UNSM labeled "PANAMA: Bocas d. Toro 2 mi. "Sector Colonia Palmarena, Provo Alaju, N of Divide on hwy. To Chiriqui Grande VI-l- COSTA RICA. 700m. ABR 1995. G. Carballo, 1986 B.C. Ratcliffe & party." One female L_N_245900_475900 #5455" and has the da­ paratype at ABTS labeled "COSTA RICA, tabase label number INBIO CRI002 213454. Provo Alajuela, Puesto Quebradon. P.N. Volcan One male and one female paratypes at INBC tenorio 300m. ABR 1997. G. Rodriguez. labeled "COSTA RICA, Provo Alajuela, Sector L_N_292050_436700 #46262" and has the Colonia Palmareiia, 9 Km SO. De Baja database label number INBIO CRI002 108 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

553783. One male paratype at DCHC and one other segments combined, slightly shorter female paratype at UNSM labeled "COSTA than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface gla­ RICA: Limon Guayacan 500 m 23-V-2001." brous, densely punctate, with small or mod­ One female paratype at DCHC labeled erate punctures. Marginal bead weak "PANAMA: Cocle EI Valle 850 m V-2000 apicolaterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Sur­ D.Curoe." Two male paratypes at FSCA la­ face glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly beled "PANAMA: Cocle Altos de Campana mv punctate, punctures moderate with dark col­ + bl. 13 May 1996 R. Turnbow" and "Platycoe­ oration; intervals densely punctate, punc­ lia humeralis Bates det. R. Turnbow." One tures small. Suture angled apically, without male paratype at FSCA labeled "PANAMA, spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 3.0 PANAMA PR. ±1O KM N EL LLANO, 1400' times length medially. Surface weakly convex, MAY 28-JUNE 3, 1984 E. GIESBERT, moderately to densely punctate; punctures COLL." Two male paratypes at FSCA labeled moderate, glabrous except near apex; setae "PANAMA, Panama pro 7-10km N EI Llano short, tawny. Venter: Thorax moderately se­ April 21-30, 1995 E. Giesbert, colI." One male tose, setae white. Mesothoracic process paratype at FSCA labeled "PANAMA, strongly produced, projecting anteriorly past Panama pro 8-10km N EI Llano May 24-June protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex 2, 1992 E. Giesbert, colI." One male paratype rounded, dorsoventrally flattened (as in Fig. at FSCA labeled "PANAMA, Panama pro 8- 8). Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not 10km N EI Llano Apr 26-May 4, 1992 E. extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in Giesbert, colI." One male and one female size teeth in apical half; apical tooth longer. paratypes at ABTS labeled "PANAMA, Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. Panama pro 13km N EI Llano April 21-30, Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ 1995 E. Giesbert, coIl." One male paratype at shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical RFMC labeled "PANAMA Pnma Prv K 8-13 EI stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with Llano-Carti Rd 10-13 May 1996 Wappes internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotar­ Huether & Morris." One male paratype at somere and metatarsomere 5 without internal RFMC labeled "PAN:Panama Provo 7-11 km tooth. Prounguitractor plate cylindrical, with EI Llano/Carti Rd. 17-18N/1999 Morris/ 2 subapical setae. Mesounguitractor plate Wappes" and "Platycoelia humeralis Bates and metaunguitractor plate cylindrical, with det. R. Morris." Type locality: 10 km north of 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with EI Llano, Panama, Panama. length approximately equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when compared HOLOTYPE. Male: length 26.9 mm, width with other claw, laterally flattened, apex un­ 16.8 mm. Color light green with yellow head evenly bifurcate with 1 bifurcation twisted margin near eye, elytron, pronotum, scutel­ beneath the other in ventral view (as in Fig. lum margins, elytral stria 1. Body ovate, 13). Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ brous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus ened. rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture ALLOTYPE. Female: length 29.5 mm, width incomplete, absent medially. Clypeus trap­ 17.0 mm. As male except in the following re­ ezoidal. Eyes separated by approximately 4.5 spects. Head: Antennal club shorter than seg­ transverse eye-widths. Labrum sparsely ments 2-7. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere tures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with tri­ 5 without internal tooth. Modified protarsal angular, medial tooth; apex of tooth broadly claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. truncate, extending past apex of mentum (as in Fig. 2). Apex of mentum with triangular VARIATION. Male (n=59). Length 27.1-30.8 medial tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna mm, width 16.8-17.9 mm (Fig. 61). Female 10-segmented; club slightly shorter than (n=35). Length 29.5-31.9 mm, width 17.0-19.2 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 109

Fig. 61. Platycoelia grandicula male. 110 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

• Platycoelia grandicula

• • , I , .

o

Fig. 62. Distribution of Platycoelia grandicula in Costa Rica and Panama.

mm. Paratypes similar to holotype and allo­ ces capable of completely covering the py­ type except in the following respects. Color of gidium; pygidium entirely setose; metaster­ body sometimes darkened to dark green or num and abdominal sternites green or yellow; brownish-green. Additional characters as fol­ protibial apical 2 teeth adjacent, located in lows. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.7 times the apical quarter of the protibia; protibial longer than length of parameres. Parameres spur noticeably shorter than the adjacent dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. tibial apex; protarsomere 3 in males without a distinct apical stridulatory patch; modified ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia grandicula is de­ protarsal claw in males laterally flattened; rived from Latin meaning "the rather large mesotarsomere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in Platycoelia. " males with an apical stridulatory ridge; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished an internobasal tooth; parameres with the from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ apex dorsoventrally flattened. lia by the following combination of characters: frontoclypeal suture incomplete; labrum with DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 62). Occurs in mid- to a well-developed, truncate apical tooth low-elevation montane areas of Costa Rica strongly overlapping the mentum; mentum and Panama. with a distinct tooth curved into the oral cav­ ity; antenna la-segmented; pronotum surface LOCALITY DATA. 94 specimens examined densely punctate with a mix of small and from CNCI, DCCC, DCHC, DJCC, EGRC, moderate punctures; elytron with a distinct, FSCA, HARC, INBC, LACM, PKLC, RFMC, yellow, longitudinal line on stria 1; elytral api- SEMC, UNSM, USNM. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 111

COSTA RICA (27). ALAJUELA (20): Parque labrum with triangular, medial tooth; apex of Nacional Volcan Tenorio, Rio San Lorencito, tooth broadly truncate, extending past apex San Ramon, Sector Colonia Palmareiia, of mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular Volcan Arenal (Observatory Lodge). medial tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna HEREDIA (1): Parque Nacional Braulio 10-segmented; club approximately equal to Carrillo. LIMON (3): Guayacan. SAN JOSE other segments combined, slightly shorter (3): Estacion Carrillo. than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface gla­ brous, densely punctate, with small or mod­ PANAMA (67). BOCAS DEL TORO (1): erate punctures. Marginal bead weak Chiriqui Grande. CHIRIQUI (1): Fortuna apicolaterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Sur­ Dam (10 km NE). COCLE (44): Altos de face glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly Campana, Cerro Gaital, EI Valle. COLON (1): punctate, punctures moderate with dark col­ Santa Rita Ridge. DARIEN (1): Rio oration; intervals densely punctate, punc­ Tacarcuna. PANAMA (19): Cerro Azul, Cerro tures small. Suture angled apically, without Campana, Cerro Jefe, EI Llano. spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.4 times length medially. Surface weakly convex, TEMPORAL DATA. March (5), April (13), moderately to densely punctate; punctures May (27), June (41), July (5), August (2), Sep­ moderate, sparsely setose; setae short, tawny. tember (1). Venter: Thorax moderately setose (except me­ dially on metasternum), setae white. Me­ sothoracic process strongly produced, 27. Platycoelia hiporum new projecting anteriorly to protrochanter; shape species conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flat­ (Fig. 63) tened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype and 3 size teeth in apical half; apical 2 teeth longer; male paratypes. Holotype male at ANSP la­ third tooth weak, obsolete. Mesotibia and beled "ECUADOR, Provo Carchi, 4 km SSW of metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2- Chical, nr Q. San Jose of Rio Blanco, 1650m, 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere new clearing/primary forest, 8-19 Aug. 1988 4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. (Wechsler)." One male paratype at QCAZ la­ Protarsomere 5 with internomedial stridula­ beled "ECUADOR ESMERALDAS CRISTAL tory tooth. Mesotarsomere and meta­ 1500 m 6 Dec 1985 Legit Mvallejo" and tarsomere 5 with internobasal tooth. "2180." One male paratype at ABTS and one Prounguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 sub­ male paratype at CMNH labeled "COLOM­ apical setae. Mesounguitractor plate and BIA: N arino Reserva La Planada, 7km above metaunguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 Chucunes between Tuquerras and Ricaurte apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with March 1990 Tom Croat." Type locality: 4 km length approximately equal to protarsomere south-southwest of Chical, Carchi, Ecuador. 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, laterally flattened, apex un­ HOLOTYPE. Male: length 30.0 mm, width evenly bifurcate with 1 bifurcation twisted 16.6 mm. Color light green with yellow beneath the other in ventral view. Modified elytron margin. Body ovate, strongly convex. mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely with ventral tooth, not thickened. punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures small or moderate. Frons not depressed. VARIATION. Male (n=3). Length 28.0-30.6 Frontoclypeal suture incomplete. Clypeus mm, width 16.8-17.5 mm. Other characters as trapezoidal, apex not reflexed. Eyes separated follows: Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.8 times by approximately 2.8 transverse eye-widths. longer than length of parameres. Parameres Labrum sparsely punctate, with moderately dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of Paratypes similar to holotype except in the 112 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM following respects. Color of body greenish-yel­ 28. Platycoelia paucarae new low, metasternum with distinct medial black species line. Female unknown. (Fig. 63)

ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia hiporum is TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female named after the Canadian band "The Tragi­ allotype and 10 paratypes (9 male, 1 female). cally Hip." Holotype male at USNM labeled "Huigra, Ec­ uador Alt. 4000 ft." and "M.Robinson Collec­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished tion 1959." Allotype female at USNM labeled from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ "Huigra, Ecuador Alt. 4000 ft." and lia by the following combination of characters: "M.Robinson Collection 1959." One male clypeal apex not reflexed; frontoclypeal suture paratype at ANSP labeled "Huigra, Ecuador incomplete; labrum with a well-developed, Alt. 4000 ft.," "w.J.Coxey 12.31.1928 truncate apical tooth strongly overlapping the A.N.S.Lot 133," and "Ex Collection W.J. mentum; mentum with a distinct tooth curved Coxey." One male paratype at ABTS labeled into the oral cavity; antenna 10-segmented; "ECUADOR Chimborazo Riobamba 2752m 41 pronotum surface densely punctate with mix Dic/1993 Legit. F Rosero." One male paratype of small and moderate punctures; elytron atABTS and one male paratype at MNHN la­ without distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; beled "Balzapamba Prov.deBolivar M de elytral apices capable of completely covering Mathan III-IV-1894." One male paratype at the pygidium; pygidium entirely setose; QCAZ labeled "ECUADOR PICHINCHA metasternum with a dark medial patch; ab­ TANDAPI 1550m 3 En 1997 DGuevara" and dominal sternites green or yellow; protibial "2281." One male paratype at QCAZ labeled apical 2 teeth adjacent, located in the apical "ECUADOR COTOPAXI LA OTONGA 2000M quarter of the protibia; protibial spur notice­ 10JAN1998 GOnore." One male paratype at ably shorter than adjacent tibial apex; QCAZ labeled "ECUADOR Loja Chinchasl protarsomere 3 in males without a distinct PifiasKm7 1950m 17 11975 ColI Venedictoff' apical stridulatory patch; modified protarsal and "Platycoelia sp. 3." One male paratype at claw in males laterally flattened; mesotar­ ZMHB labeled "0. ECUADOR Rio Pastassa somere 4 and metatarsomere 4 in males with E.FeyerS.," "a," "Platycoelia variolosa cotype an apical stridulatory ridge; mesotarsomere 5 Ohs.," and "NOT A TYPE OF P. VARIOLOSA and metatarsomere 5 with an internobasal Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002." One male paratype at tooth; parameres with apex dorsoventrally MNHN labeled "ECUADOR Km 17 de la flattened. route Limon - Mendez 900 m -12 et 13.i.1975 C. Herbulot." One female paratype at MNHN DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 63). Andes Mountains labeled "Equateur LojaAbbe Gaujon," "Ohaus from extreme southern Colombia to northern determ. Platycoelia Oberthtiri Ohaus 9 Type," Ecuador. and "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." Type locality: Huigra, Chimborazo, Ecuador. LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined from ANSP, CMNH, QCAZ. HOLOTYPE. Male: length 29.6 mm, width 16.4 mm. Color light green with yellow COLOMBIA (2). NARINO (2): Reserva La elytron margin. Body ovate, strongly convex. Planada. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures ECUADOR (2). CARCHI (1): Chical. small or moderate. Frons not depressed. ESMERALDAS (1): Cristal. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeus subrectangular, apex weakly reflexed. Eyes TEMPORAL DATA. March (2), August (1), separated by approximately 3.6 transverse December (1). eye-widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, with MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 113

moderately large, setose punctures, setae spects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without inter­ tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ noapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 dial tooth; apex of tooth broadly truncate, ex­ without internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and tending past apex of mentum. Apex of metatarsomere 5 with weak internobasal mentum with triangular medial tooth curved swelling. Modified protarsal claw with ventral into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club tooth, not thickened. slightly shorter than other segments com­ bined, slightly shorter than length of frons. VARIATION. Male (n=9). Length 28.0-32.2 Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ mm, width 17.0-18.9 mm. Female (n=l). tate, with small or moderate punctures. Mar­ Length 31.6 mm, width 19.3 mm. Paratypes ginal bead weak apicolaterally, absent similar to holotype and allotype except in the elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitu­ following respects. Color of body sometimes dinal striae weakly punctate, punctures mod­ greenish-yellow or darkened to dark green or erate with dark coloration; intervals densely brownish-green. Pygidium: Disc moderately punctate, punctures small. Suture angled setose. apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width ap­ proximately 3.3 times length medially. Sur­ ETYMOLOGY. I am very pleased to name face weakly convex, moderately to densely Platycoelia paucarae after my friend and col­ punctate; punctures moderate, glabrous ex­ league Aura Paucar-Cabrera. Aura has had cept near apex; setae short, tawny. Venter: an interest in Platycoelia for many years and Thorax moderately setose (except medially on has graciously provided a wealth of informa­ metasternum), setae white. Mesothoracic pro­ tion for this revision. This species is also na­ cess strongly produced, projecting anteriorly tive to Ecuador, which is Aura's homeland. to protrochanter; shape conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen gla­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished brous. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: from all other species in the genus Platycoelia Protibia with 3 subequal in size teeth in api­ by the following combination of characters: cal half; apical 2 teeth longer; third tooth clypeal apex weakly reflexed; frontoclypeal weak, obsolete. Mesotibia and metatibia wid­ suture complete; labrum with a well-devel­ est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than oped, truncate apical tooth strongly overlap­ long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with ping the mentum; mentum with a distinct internoapical stridulatory ridge. Pro tar­ tooth curved into the oral cavity; antenna 10- somere 5 with internomedial stridulatory segmented; pronotum surface densely punc­ tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 tate with mix of small and moderate with internobasal tooth. Prounguitractor punctures; elytron without distinct, yellow, plate cylindrical, with 2 subapical setae. longitudinal lines; elytral apices capable of Mesounguitractor plate and metaunguitrac­ completely covering the pygidium; pygidium tor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modi­ entirely setose; mesothoracic process light in fied protarsal claw with length approximately color than the metasternum; metasternum equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ with a dark medial patch; abdominal sterni­ gate when compared with other claw, laterally tes dark; protibial apical 2 teeth adjacent, lo­ flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate with 1 bi­ cated in the apical quarter of the protibia; furcation twisted beneath the other in ventral protibial spur noticeably shorter than the ad­ view. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal jacent tibial apex; protarsomere 3 in males claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ without a distinct apical stridulatory patch; ened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.9 times modified protarsal claw in males laterally longer than length of parameres. Parameres flattened; mesotarsomere 4 and metatarso­ dorsoventrally flattened, apicomedially acute. mere 4 in males with an apical stridulatory ridge; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 ALLOTYPE. Female: length 33.1 mm, width with an internobasal tooth; parameres with 19.0 mm. As male except in the following re- the apex dorsoventrally flattened. 114 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

* Platycoelia interstincta • Platycoelia variolosa * Platycoelia paucarae o Platycoelia hiporum

Fig. 63. Distribution of P/atycoelia interstincta, P. varia/asa, P. paucarae, and P. hiparum in Colombia and Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 63). Known from the COTOPAXI (1): Otonga. LOJA (2): Chinchas Andes Mountains of Ecuador. - Piftas Road (km 7), Loja. MORONA SANTIAGO (1): Limon - Mendez Road (km LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined 17). PASTAZA (1): Rio Pastaza. PICHINCHA from ANSP, MNHN, QCAZ, USNM, ZMHB. (1): Tandapi.

ECUADOR (12). BOLIVAR (2): Balzapamba. TEMPORAL DATA. January (4), March (2), CHIMBORAZO (4): Huigra, Riobamba. December (2). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 115

29. Platycoelia flavoscutellata rugopunctate, clypeus rugose, punctures mod­ Ohaus, 1904 erate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal su­ (Fig. 66) ture complete. Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by approximately 3.8 transverse Platycoelia fiauoscutellata Ohaus, 1904 (valid eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with name) moderately large, setose punctures, setae CATALOG. Platycoelia fiauoscutellata, tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ Ohaus 1904b:315, 317, 339 [original descrip­ dial tooth, apex of tooth overlapping apex of tion]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing]; mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with 2 Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist]; Machatschke teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. 1965:59 [catalog listing]; Machatschke Maxilla with 3 teeth, 2 inner teeth bifurcate. 1972:303 [catalog listing]. Mentum apical tooth curved into oral cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club slightly shorter TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia fiauo­ than other segments combined, slightly scutellata Ohaus lectotype male at MNHN la­ longer than length of frons. Pronotum: Sur­ beled a) "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P'Germain face glabrous, densely punctate, with small 1889" (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red label, type­ and moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak face), c) "flavoscutellata Ohaus" (red label, laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly im­ face), e) "PLATYCOELIA FLAVOSCU­ pressed, punctate; punctures moderate with TELLATA OHAUS (j LECTOTYPE A.B.T. dark coloration; intervals moderately punc­ SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and tate, punctures small. Suture apically angled typeface). Lectotype here designated. See or with weak nub. Pygidium: Width approxi­ Methods and Materials section for a state­ mately 2.1 times length medially. Surface con­ ment of taxonomic purpose. Five male vex, moderately punctate; punctures paralectotypes at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie moderately large, setose; setae short, tawny. Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (type­ Venter: Thorax densely setose, setae cream face), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. flavoscutellata colored. Mesothoracic process moderately pro­ Ohaus (j Cotyp." (typeface and handwritten), duced, projecting anteriorly to procoxa; shape c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) conical-elongate; ventrally flattened. Abdo­ "PLATYCOELIA FLAVOSCUTELLATA men sparsely setose, setae cream colored. Api­ ORAUS (j PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH cal spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia 2002" (red label, handwritten and typeface). with 3 teeth in apical half; apical 2 teeth One male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) subequal in size, third tooth short (sometimes "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" obsolete). Mesotibia and metatibia widest (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. flavoscutellata medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, Ohaus (j Type" (typeface and handwritten), c) cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with inter­ "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ noapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 COELIA FLAVOSCUTELLATA OHAUS (j with internomedial, stridulatory patch. PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.sMITH 2002" (red Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without label, handwritten and typeface). Ohaus internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ (1904b) had seven specimens in the type series drical; with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. Modi­ for P. fiauoscutellata, so all types are accounted fied protarsal claw with length greater than for. Type locality: Cochabamba, Bolivia. protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, laterally flattened, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=7). Length 23.2- apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal 23.8 mm, width 11.9-12.8 mm. Color olive and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral green; scutellum yellow; elytral interval 3, 5 tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase with yellow, longitudinal stripe; pronotum approximately 1.2 times longer than length of and elytron with yellow margin. Body ovate, parameres. Parameres with apex rounded. convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons Female: unknown. 116 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ing as form]; Machatschke 1972:303 [catalog from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ listing as form]. lia by the following combination of characters: frontoclypeal suture complete; apex oflabrum TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia puncticollis with a broad, triangular tooth weakly overlap­ Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) ping the mentum; mentum with a distinct "Cauca Columb." (typeface), b) "Platycoelia tooth curved into the oral cavity; antenna 10- puncticollis Type Ohs." (orange label, hand­ segmented; elytron with a distinct, yellow, written), c) "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTI­ longitudinal line on stria 5; elytral apices not COLLIS OHAUS eJ LECTOTYPE A.B.T. capable of completely covering the pygidium; SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and metasternum and abdominal sternites green typeface). Lectotype here designated. See or yellow; mesothoracic process projecting Methods and Materials section for a state­ apically to the procoxa; parameres with the ment of taxonomic purpose. One male apex rounded, not expanded. paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Valencia Venez." (typeface), b) "eJ" (typeface), c) "Platy­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 66). Known only from coelia puncticollis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, Cochabamba, Bolivia. handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTI­ COLLIS OHAUS eJ PARALECTOTYPE LOCALITY DATA. 7 specimens examined AB.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ fromMNHN. ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Columbia" (typeface), b) BOLIVIA (7). COCHABAMBA (7): No Data. "eJ" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia puncticollis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIAPUNCTICOLLIS ORAUS eJ 30. Platycoelia puncticollis Ohaus, PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.8MITH 2002" (yel­ 1904 low label, handwritten and typeface). One (Figs. 22, 30, 64, 65) male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Columb. Cauca" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia Platycoelia puncticollis Ohaus, 1904 (valid puncticollis Cotype Ohs." (red label, hand­ name) written), c) "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTICOL­ CATALOG. Platycoelia puncticollis, Ohaus LIS OHAUS eJ PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. 1904b:276, 307, 332, 339, 341 [original de­ SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and scription]; Ohaus 1905:167 [illustration]; typeface). One male paralectotype at NMPC Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder labeled a) "Columb. Cauca" (typeface), b) 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:58 "COTYPE" (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ Platycoelia puncticollis Cotype eJ Ohs." (type­ log listing]. face and handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA Platycoelia puncticollis variety bilineata PUNCTICOLLIS OHAUS eJ PARALECTO­ (unavailable, infrasubspecific name), Ohaus TYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, 1904b:309, 339 [original description as vari­ handwritten and typeface). One male para­ ety]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing as vari­ lectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Columb. ety]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist as Ocana" (handwritten), b) "Platycoelia punc­ variety]; Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog list­ ticollis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwrit­ ing as form]; Machatschke 1972:303 [catalog ten), c) "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTICOLLIS listing as form]. OHAUS eJ PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH Platycoelia puncticollis variety unicolor 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (unavailable, infrasubspecific name), Ohaus face). Three female paralectotypes at ZMHB 1904b:309, 339 [original description as vari­ labeled a) ''Valencia Venez." (handwritten), b) ety]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing as vari­ "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia puncticollis ety]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist as Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) variety]; Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog list- "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTICOLLIS ORAUS 9 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 117

PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ Clypeal apex rounded, deflexed. Eyes sepa­ low label, handwritten and typeface). One fe­ rated by approximately 3.9 transverse male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) eye-widths. Labrum rugopunctate, with mod­ "Columbia" (typeface), b) "C.Bts. Obrth." erately large, setose punctures, setae tawny. (typeface), c) "9" (typeface), d) "Platycoelia Apex oflabrum with acute, triangular, medial puncticollis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlapping apex written), e) "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTICOL­ of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with LIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. 1 apical tooth, molar region with strong lamel­ SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and lae. Maxilla with 3 apical teeth, interior 2 typeface). One male paralectotype (now clas­ teeth bifurcate. Apex of mentum with acute sified as P. traceyae) at ZMHB labeled a) medial tooth. Antenna 10-segmented; club ap­ "Sarayacu Ecuador. Buckley 1879" (handwrit­ proximately equal to other segments com­ ten), b) "Ex-Mus reo D. Sharp 1890" (typeface), bined, approximately equal to length offrons. c) "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia puncticollis Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ Ohs." (handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead PUNCTICOLLIS OHAUS (J PARALECTO­ weak laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: TYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae punc­ handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATYCOE­ tate, punctures moderate with dark coloration LIA TRACEYAE SMITH (J PARATYPE" (yel­ (sometimes without dark coloration); inter­ low label, handwritten and typeface). The vals sparsely punctate, punctures moderate. existence and location of other specimens Suture apically with acuminate to acute from Ohaus' original type series are unknown. spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.4 Ohaus (1904b) described two varieties ofthis times length medially. Surface weakly convex, species (some specimens housed at ZMHB). moderately punctate; punctures moderately These are infrasubspecific (unavailable) large, setose (in apical halD; setae short, names that are not regulated by the ICZN. tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose (except The specimens labeled by Ohaus as "types" of sparsely setose medially), setae cream col­ these varieties are excluded from the type se­ ored. Mesothoracic process moderately pro­ ries ofP. puncticollis under ICZN Article 72.4.1. duced, projecting anteriorly past mesocoxa; The two female specimens considered to be of shape conical-elongate, apex rounded, dors­ the variety "binineata" are at ZMHB labeled oventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely se­ ''Bogota Columb." and "Ecuador Sarayacu!' The tose, setae tawny. Apical 2 spiracles weakly latter specimen is con specific with P. traceyae. extruding, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia with 3 The two (one male, one female) specimens subequal in size teeth in apical half. considered to be of the variety "unicolor" are Mesotibia and meta tibia widest medially. at ZMHB. The male is labeled "Vene-zuela" Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ and the female is labeled "Columb. La Vega." shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical Type locality: Cauca, Colombia. stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with internomedial tooth. Mesotarsomere and DESCRIPTION. Male (n=124). Length 17.3- metatarsomere 5 with internomedial tooth or 21.8 mm, width 10.0-12.2 mm (Fig. 64). Color swelling. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with of dorsal surface lime green to olive green or 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with yellowish-green (sometimes darkened to length greater than protarsomere 5, thick­ brownish-green); elytral interval 4 (or 3) with ened and elongate when compared with other weak yellow, longitudinal stripe; elytral inter­ claw, laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifur­ val 7 (or 6) with wide, strong, yellow, longitu­ cate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal dinal stripe. Ventral surface yellow to lime claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ green. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ ened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase approxi­ face glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus mately 1.5 times longer than length of rugose, punctures moderate. Frons not parameres (Fig. 30). Parameres strongly coni­ depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. cal; apex rounded, expanded (Fig. 22). 118 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 64. Platycoelia puncticol/is male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 119

• Platycoelia puncticollis * Platycoelia unguicularis o Platycoelia traceyae * Platycoelia wallisi * Platycoelia Jlavohumeralis + Platycoelia steinheili • • •

* l • * ~ couutry *record only *

•

L-__~_"'-_. ______._._-'- _____

Fig. 65. Distribution of Platycoelia puncticollis, P. unguicularis, P. traceyae, P. wallisi, P. f/avohumeralis, and P. steinheili in Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador.

Female (n=165). Length 18.4-22.7 mm, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished width 11.0-13.2 mm. As male except in the fol­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly lia by the following combination of characters: shorter than other segments combined. Ven­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ ter: Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without tinct tooth not curved into the oral cavity; internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with mentum base medially depressed; antenna ventral tooth, not thickened. 10-segmented; elytron with a distinct, yellow, 120 BULLETIN OF THE UNlVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM longitudinal line on stria 5; elytral apices not Three specimens labeled "Bolivia" and capable of completely covering the pygidium; one specimen labeled "Peru" were considered apex ofthe elytral suture with an acute spine; to have no data. These localities are far out of metasternum and abdominal sternites green the known range of the species. or yellow; mesothoracic process projecting apically to the procoxa; apical abdominal spi­ TEMPORAL DATA. January (5), February racle weakly protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 (12), March (23), April (11), May (106), June and metatarsomere 5 with an internomedial (15), July (11), August (6), September (2), Oc­ tooth; modified mesotarsal claw in male with tober (22), November (11). the apex bifurcate, dorsolaterally flattened; parameres reduced, distinctly smaller than the expanded phallobase; parameres with the 31. Platycoelia unguicularis apex rounded, expanded. Ohaus, 1904 (Fig. 65) DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). Known from the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from Platycoelia unguicularis Ohaus, 1904 (valid northwestern Venezuela to southern Ecuador. name) CATALOG. Platycoelia unguicularis, Ohaus LOCALITY DATA. 288 specimens examined 1904b:314, 316, 339, 341 [original descrip­ from AJRC, AMNH, BDGC, BMNH, CASC, tion]; Ohaus 1918: 178 [catalog listing]; CBAC, CMNC, DEIC, DJCC, FMNH, HAHC, Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Ohaus HSIC, ISNB, MCZC, MGFT, MIZA, NMPC, 1952:8 [distribution]; Machatschke 1965:59 SMFD, SMTD, UNSM, USNM, VMCP, [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ ZMHB, ZSMC. log listing].

VENEZUELA (217). ARAGUA (31): Carretera TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia unguicu­ Maracay - Choronf (km 25), Colonia Tovar, laris Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled Puerto Portochuelo (Parque Nacianal Henri a) "Venez. Merida" (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red Pittier), Rancho Grande, Tasajera sur del label, typeface), c) "unguicularis Ohaus" (red Consejo, Tiara. CARABOBO (9): Valencia. label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA DISTRITO FEDERAL (4): Cumbre de UNGUICULARIS OHAUS a LECTOTYPE Boqueran, El Junquito, Quebrada los A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten Caracas. MERIDA (110): Carretera Merida-El and typeface). Lectotype here designated. Valle (km 8), El Valle, La Carbonara, La See Methods and Materials section for a Mucuy, La Pedregosa, Mucuchfes. LARA (12): statement of taxonomic purpose. One female Campo Elias (Carretera Humocaro), Parque paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Venez. Nacianal Yacambu. MIRANDA (4): Carrizal, Merida" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia unguicu­ IVIC. TAcHIRA (23): Betania, Carretera laris Cotype Ohs. 9" (orange label, handwrit­ Braman - Delicias, Las Lajas, Pueblo Hondo, ten), c) "PLATYCOELIA UNGUICULARIS Rubio. TRUJILLO (2): Bocona. NO DATA (22). ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ COLOMBIA (22). BOYACA (1): Villa de Leiva. face). One female paralectotype at MNHN la­ CAUCA (3): No Data. CUNDINAMARCA (2): beled a) "Alternans Er. La Vega Colombie" Viota. DISTRITO CAPITAL (3): Bogota. (handwritten), b) "Ex-Musffio Mniszech" HUILE (1): Gigante. NORTE DE SAN­ (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. unguicularis TANDER (1): Ocana. NO DATA (11). Ohaus 9." (typeface and handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), e) "PLATY­ ECUADOR (37). LOJA (10): Loja. NAPO (25): COELIA UNGUICULARIS OHAUS 9 Cosanga, Sierrazul. SUCUMBIOS (1): La PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" Bonita. NO DATA (1). (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One No DATA (12). female paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 121

"PeruS" (handwritten), b) "Ex-Musfflo JAMES brous, densely punctate, with small and mod­ THOMSON" (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. erate punctures. Marginal bead weak later­ unguicularis Ohaus 9" (typeface and hand­ ally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface written), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), glabrous; longitudinal striae impressed, punc­ e) "PLATYCOELIA UNGUICULARIS tate; punctures moderate; intervals moder­ ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH ately punctate, punctures small and 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ moderate. Suture apically with weak spine or face). One female paralectotype at MNHN la­ nub. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.1 beled a) "Ex-Musfflo JAMES THOMSON" times length medially. Surface weakly convex, (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. unguicularis moderately punctate; punctures moderately 9. Ohaus" (typeface and handwritten), c) "Dr large, setose in apical half; setae short, tawny. Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ Venter: Thorax densely setose except sparsely COELIA UNGUICULARIS OHAUS 9 setose medially, setae tawny. Mesothoracic PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ process moderately produced, projecting ante­ low label, handwritten and typeface). Ohaus riorly past mesocoxa; shape conical-elongate, (1904b) did not explicitly state how many apex rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdo­ specimens were in the type series. He exam­ men sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical 2 spi­ ined material from "Ecuador, Zamora racles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 (Baron)" that I was unable to track down. The subequal in size teeth in apical half. existence and location of any further remain­ Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. ing paralectotypes are unknown. Type local­ Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ ity: Merida, Venezuela. shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with DESCRIPTION. Male (n=12). Length lS.9- internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso­ 19.7 mm, width 10.5-11.S mm. Color of dorsal tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with interno­ surface olive green or dark yellow; elytral in­ basal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate terval 3, 7 with weak yellow, longitudinal cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified stripe; elytral interval 5 with wide, strong, protarsal claw longer than protarsomere 5, yellow, longitudinal stripe. Ventral surface more thickened and elongate than other claw, yellowish-green to reddish-brown (especially laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. metasternum) or dark yellow; abdominal ster­ Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws nites often with dark brown to black latitudi­ elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. nal stripe. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal Male Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1. 7 surface glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus times longer than length of parameres. rugose, punctures moderate. Frons not de­ Parameres with apex angled ventrally. pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Female (n=10). Length lS.0-22.5 mm, Clypeal apex broadly rounded, weakly de­ width 11.0-13.4 mm. As male except in the flexed. Eyes separated by approximately 3.6 following respects. Head: Antennal club ap­ transverse eye-widths. Labrum rugopunctate, proximately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: with moderately large, setose punctures, se­ Protarsomere 3-4 without internoapical stri­ tae tawny. Apex of labrum with acute, trian­ dulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without inter­ gular, medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly nal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with overlapping apex of mentum. Mandibular ventral tooth, not thickened. scissorial region with 1 apical tooth, molar region with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 1 DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished small interior tooth; 1 large, cup-like, exterior from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ tooth. Apex of mentum with acute medial lia by the following combination of characters: tooth weakly curved into oral cavity. Antenna frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ 10-segmented; club approximately equal to brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly other segments combined, slightly longer overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface gla- tinct tooth not curved into the oral cavity; 122 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM mentum base not medially depressed; an­ [checklist as synonym of Platycoelia tenna 10-segmented; elytron with a distinct, burmeisteriana); Machatschke 1965:59 [cata­ yellow, longitudinal line on stria 5; elytral log listing as synonym of Platycoelia apices not capable of completely covering the burmeisteriana); Machatschke 1972:303 pygidium; elytral suture distinctly yellow, [catalog listing as synonym of Platycoelia apex without an acute spine; metasternum burmeisteriana). with a dark medial patch; mesothoracic pro­ Platycoelia burmeisteriana, Ohaus cess projecting apically to procoxa; apical 1917:53 [new name for the primary junior abdominal spiracle not protuberant; meso­ homonym Platycoelia burmeisteri Ohaus); tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with an Ohaus 1918:176 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder internomedial tooth; parameres with the apex 1944:246 [checklist); Machatschke 1965:59 rounded, not expanded. [catalog listing); Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ log listing). DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). Known from the Andes Mountains of western Venezuela and TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia burmeisteri an unknown locality in Colombia. Ohaus lectotype female at ZMHB labeled a) "BOLIVIA Yungas La Paz" (typeface), b) "9" LOCALITY DATA. 22 specimens examined (typeface), c) "Typus!" (red label, typeface), from BDGC, BMNH, CBAC, DEIC, HAHC, d) "Burmeisteri Ohaus" (red label, handwrit­ MIZA, MNHN, ZMHB. ten), e) "PLATYCOELIA BURMEISTERI OHAUS PLATYCOELIA BURMEIS­ VENEZUELA (17). MERIDA (15): Apartaderos, TERIANA OHAUS 9 LECTOTYPE A.B.T. La Culata, Laguna de Mucubaji, Merida, SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and Paramo de Mucuchies, Teleferico. NO DATA typeface), f) "Platycoelia burmeisteriana (2). Ohaus, 19179 Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (type­ face). Lectotype here designated. See COLOMBIA (1). NO DATA (1). Methods and Materials section for a state­ ment of taxonomic purpose. Ohaus (1904b) No DATA (4). did not state how many specimens were in the Specimens labeled "Peru" and "Bolivia" original type series (he had no male speci­ were considered to have no data. These coun­ mens). The existence and location of tries are far out ofthe known range ofthe spe­ paralectotypes are unknown. Type locality: CIes. Yungas de La Paz, Bolivia.

TEMPORAL DATA. April (8), May (2), June DESCRIPTION. Male (n=75). Length 21.8- (1). 27.4 mm, width 11.8-15.5 mm. Color of dorsal surface lime green or yellow; yellow pronotum, scutellum, and elytron margins; 32. Platycoelia burmeisteriana elytral disc with 5 weakly raised, yellow, lon­ Ohaus, 1917 gitudinallines, medial 3 lines thicker, lateral (Fig. 66) 2 lines thinner. Ventral surface yellow to lime green or yellow. Body ovate, strongly convex. Platycoelia burmeisteri Ohaus, 1904 (primary Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely junior honomym) punctate, clypeus rugose, punctures moder­ Platycoelia burmeisteriana Ohaus, 1917 (re­ ate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal su­ placement name, valid name) ture complete. Clypeus trapezoidal. Eyes CATALOG. Platycoelia burmeisteri, Ohaus separated by approximately 5.0 transverse 1904b:312, 339 [original description); Ohaus eye-widths. Labrum rugose, setose; setae 1917:53 [designation of Platycoelia bur­ tawny. Apex oflabrum with triangular medial meisteriana as new name); Ohaus 1918:176 tooth, apex of tooth extending past apex of [catalog listing as synonym of Platycoelia mentum. Apex of mentum with triangular, burmeisteriana); Blackwelder 1944:246 medial tooth. Antenna 10-segmented; club MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 123

* Platycoelia jlavoscutellata • Platycoelia burmeisteriana o Platycoelia burmeisteri * Platycoelia chrysotina

Fig. 66. Distribution of Platycoelia f1avoscutellata, P. burmeisteriana, P. burmeisteri, and P. chrysotina in Peru and Bolivia.

approximately equal to segments 2-7, slightly densely punctate; punctures moderate with longer than clypeallength. Pronotum: Surface setae, setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax mod­ glabrous, sparsely to moderately punctate, erately setose, setae tawny. Mesothoracic pro­ with moderate punctures. Marginal bead cess strongly produced, projecting anteriorly weak laterally, absent apically and basally. to protrochanter; shape triangular, apex Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. weakly impressed; intervals sparsely punc­ Abdomen sparsely setose. Apical spiracles not tate. Suture rounded apically, without spine. extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in api­ Pygidium: Width approximately 2.1 times cal half; 2 apical teeth subequal in size, third length medially. Surface weakly convex, tooth reduced. Mesotibia and metatibia wid- 124 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than PERU (4). CUSCO (3): Machupicchu, long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with Quillabamba (30-50 km S). NO DATA (1). internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ mere 5 without internal tooth. Meso­ BOLIVIA (87). COCHABAMBA (9): Carrasco, tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with Chapare, Incachaca, Yungas del Palmar. LA internomedial tooth. Unguitractor plate cy­ PAZ (1): Yungas de La Paz. SANTA CRUZ lindrical, with 2 subapical seta. Modified (74): Parque Nacional Amboro. NO DATA (3). protarsal claw with length approximately equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ TEMPORAL DATA. January (2), February gate when compared with other claw, dors­ (2), September (1), October (79), December (2). oventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. 33. Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow, Male Genitalia: Parameres 1.3 times longer 1899 than length of phallobase. Parameres (Figs. 66) smooth, slightly enlarged at apex. Female (n=16). Length 25.2-29.4 mm, Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow, 1899 (valid width 12.9-16.9 mm. As male except in the name) following respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 Platycoelia tschudii Ohaus 1904 (junior syn­ without internoapical stridulatory ridge. onym) Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ Platycoelia proseni Martinez, 1976 (junior fied protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not synonym) thickened. CATALOG. Platycoelia flavostriata, Bur­ meister 1844:453 [misapplied); Erichson DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished 1847:100 [misapplied, catalog listing); Bur­ from all other species in the genus Platycoelia meister 1855:525 [misapplied, key to species of by the following combination of characters: Platycoelia); Lacordaire 1856:371 [misapplied, frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the distribution); Harold 1869: 1230 [misapplied, labrum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly catalog listing); Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ as synonym of Platycoelia burmeisteri); tinct tooth not curved into the oral cavity; Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist as synonym of mentum base medially depressed; antenna Platycoelia burmeisteri); Ohaus 1952:8 [misap­ 10-segmented; elytron with distinct, yellow, plied, distribution); Machatschke 1965:58 [cata­ longitudinal lines on striae 3 and 5; elytral log listing as synonym for Platycoelia apices not capable of completely covering the burmeisteri); Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog pygidium; apex of the elytral suture without listing as synonym of Platycoelia burmeisteri). an acute spine; metasternum and abdominal Platycoelia burmeisteri, Arrow 1899:369 sternites green or yellow; mesothoracic pro­ [new name for Burmeister's Platycoelia cess projecting apically to pro coxa; apical flavostriata); Ohaus 1904b:309 [comment on abdominal spiracle not protuberant; meso­ nomenclature); Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog list­ tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with an ing); Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist); internomedial tooth; parameres with the apex Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog listing); rounded, not expanded. Machatschke 1972:302 [catalog listing). Platycoelia tschudii, Ohaus 1904b:303, DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 66). Southern Peru to 312, 339, 341 [original description); Ohaus central Bolivia on the eastern slope of the 1918:177 [placed in synonymy with Platycoe­ Andes Mountains. lia burmeisteri); Blackwelder 1944:246 [checklist as synonym of Platycoelia bur­ LOCALITY DATA. 91 specimens examined meisteri); Machatschke 1965:58 [catalog list­ from AMNH, CASC, FMNH, HARC, MNHN, ing as synonym of Platycoelia burmeisteri); USNM, ZMHB, ZSMC. Machatschke 1972:303 [catalog listing as syn­ onym of Platycoelia burmeisteri). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 125

Platycoelia flavolineata (=Platycoelia accounted for. Ohaus (1918) first synony­ flavostriata, lapsus calami), Ohaus mized this name with P. burmeisteri Arrow. 1904b:309, 339 [comment on nomenclaturel. Type locality: Peru. Platycoelia proseni, Martinez 1976:335, Platycoelia proseni Martinez holotype 338 [original description]. male at MACN labeled a) "BOLIVIA Do Cochabamba Pcia. Chapare Yungas del Pal­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia burmeisteri mar Locotal-1200 mts ColI. MARTINEZ Arrow lectotype male at MLUH labeled a) NOV.-953" (handwritten), b) "HOLOTYPUS" "PLATYCOELIA BURMEISTERI ARROW (J (red label, typeface), c) "Platycoelia proseni (J LECTOTYPE A.B.T.8MITH 2002" (red label, sp. nov. A MARTINEZ-DET.1972" (red label, handwritten and typeface), b) "PLATYCOE­ handwritten and typeface), d) "PLATYCOE­ LIA TSCHUDII OHAUS (J DET:A.B.T. LIA PROSENI MARTINEZ (J HOLOTYPE" SMITH 2002 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ (red label, handwritten and typeface), e) written and typeface), c) "flavostriata Latr. "Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow, 1899 (J Dej. Alternans Er. Peru Tsuh." (green label, Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Martinez handwritten), d) "MLU Halle WB Zoologie S.­ (1976) based his description on the holotype Nr. T.-Nr. 8/3/10" (typeface and handwritten), only. The holotype of P. proseni does not ex­ e) "Platycoelia burmeisteri Arrow, 1899 (J hibit character states different from P. Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype burmeisteri, therefore I am synonymizing the here designated. See Methods and Materi­ names. Ohaus' (1904b) placement ofthis spe­ als section for a statement of taxonomic pur­ cies with the 10-segmented species of Platy­ pose. Arrow (1899) erected the name P. coelia may have caused Martinez to believe burmeisteri for the specimens Burmeister that his holotype of P. proseni represented a (1844) described as P. flavostriata. Arrow cor­ new species. All P. burmeisteri specimens ex­ rectly determined that Burmeister's descrip­ amined have 9-segmented antennae. Type lo­ tion was not of P. flavostriata but of an cality: Yungas del Palmar, Cochabamba, unnamed species. The type series consists of Bolivia. NEW SYNONYMY. the specimens used by Burmeister (1844) in his description of P. flavostriata. Burmeister DESCRIPTION. Male (n=5). Length 19.7- did not state how many specimens were ex­ 20.7 mm, width 11.4-12.2 mm. Color of dorsal amined for his description ofthis species. The surface lime green to olive green; yellow head, existence and location of paralectotypes are pronotum, scutellum, and elytron margins; unknown. Type locality: Peru. elytral intervals 1,3,5, and 7 with yellow, lon­ Platycoelia tschudii Ohaus lectotype male gitudinallines, medial 2 lines thicker, lateral at MLUH, same specimen as Platycoelia 2 lines thinner. Ventral surface yellow to lime burmeisteri Arrow lectotype (see above for la­ green. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ bel data). Lectotype here designated. See face glabrous. Frons densely punctate, Methods and Materials section for a state­ clypeus rugose, punctures moderate. Frons ment of taxonomic purpose. One para­ not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. lectotype female (actually a specimen of P. Clypeus trapezoidal. Eyes separated by ap­ chrysotina) at ZMHB labeled a) "BOLIVIA proximately 3.2 transverse eye-widths. La­ Yungas La Paz" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), brum moderately punctate, setose; setae c) "Typus!" (red label, typeface), d) "Tschudii tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, me­ Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), e) "PLATY­ dial tooth, apex of tooth separated from apex COELIA TSCHUDII OHAUS 9 PARA­ of mentum. Apex of mentum with small, tri­ LECTOTYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow angular, medial tooth. Antenna 9-segmented; label, handwritten and typeface), f) "Platycoe­ club slightly less than other segments com­ lia chrysotina Ohaus, 19049 Det:A.B.T.Smith bined, slightly longer than clypeal length. 2002" (typeface). Ohaus (1904b) based his de­ Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ scription of P. tschudii on one male and one tate, with small and moderate punctures. female specimen. Both type specimens are Marginal bead weak laterally, absent apically 126 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longi­ abdominal sternites green or yellow; mesotho­ tudinal striae weakly impressed; intervals racic process projecting apically to the sparsely to moderately punctate. Suture procoxa; apical abdominal spiracle not protu­ rounded apically, without spine. Pygidium: berant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere Width approximately 2.1 times length medi­ 5 with an internomedial tooth; parameres ally. Surface weakly convex, densely punctate; with the apex rounded, expanded. punctures moderate, setose (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax moderately se­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 66). Andes Mountains tose (except glabrous medially), setae tawny. from southern Peru to central Bolivia. Mesothoracic process projecting anteriorly to procoxa, diamond shaped, ventrally flattened. LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles not ex­ from AMNH, FMNH, HARC, MACN, MLUH, truding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical MNHN, USNM, ZMHB. half; 2 apical teeth subequal in size, third tooth reduced. Mesotibia and metatibia wid­ PERU (8). CUSCO (2): Santa Isabel est medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than (Cosnipata Valley). HuANuco (4): Carpish, long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with Tingo Maria, No Data. JUNIN 0): internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ Chanchamayo. NO DATA (1). mere 5 with internomedial tooth. Meso­ tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with BOLIVIA (4). COCHABAMBA (1): Yungas del internomedial tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ Palmar. LA PAZ (3): Rio Zongo. drical, with 2 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with length approximately TEMPORAL DATA. July (1), August (1), equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ October (1), November (4). gate when compared with other claw, dors­ oventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws 34. Platycoelia traceyae new elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. species Male Genitalia: Parameres 1.1 times longer (Figs. 65, 67) than length ofphallobase. Parameres smooth, slightly enlarged at apex. TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female Female (n=8). Length 20.9-23.7 mm, allotype and 8 paratypes (5 male, 3 female). width 12.8-13.3 mm. As male except in the Holotype male at UNSM and one paratype following respects. Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 male at VMCP labeled "ECU. Provo NAPO without internoapical stridulatory ridge. 24.-27. 11. 1999 BAEZA env. 1910m VI. Maly Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ 19t. E24." Allotype female at UNSM labeled fied protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not "Hacienda San Isidro Nov. 12, 1995 front thickened. porch lights M. Lysinger." One male paratype at USNM labeled ''Yunguilla Ecuador, S.A. 30 DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished X 1937 W.C. Macintyre" and "OL Cartwright from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Collection 1960." One male paratype at lia by the following combination of characters: AMNH labeled "Ambato Ecuador." One male frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ paratype at ABTS labeled "Ecuador Banos" brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not and "In Halle mit der flavostriata Latr. sensu overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ Burm. versleichen." One male paratype at tinct tooth not curved into the oral cavity; ZMHB labeled a) "Sarayacu Ecuador. Buckley antenna 9-segmented; elytron with distinct, 1879," "Ex-Musffio D. Sharp 1890," "Ohaus yellow, longitudinal lines on striae 3 and 5; determ. Platycoelia puncticollis Ohs.," and elytral apices not capable of completely cov­ "PLATYCOELIA PUNCTICOLLIS OHAUS a ering the pygidium; apex of the elytral suture PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002." One without an acute spine; metasternum and female paratype at ZMHB labeled "Ecuador MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 127

Sarayacu," "9," "puncticollis Ohs v. bilineata widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than Ohs.," and "NOT A TYPE OF p. long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with weak, PUNCTICOLLIS Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002." apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 One female paratype at ABTS labeled "Ecua­ without internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and dor 5033." One female paratype at BMNH la­ metatarsomere 5 with internal swelling. beled "Buckley," "Equador," "Fry ColI. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical 1905-100.," and "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia n. setae. Modified protarsal claw with length sp. 2 bei inflata Ohs." Ohaus (1904b) also gave approximately equal to protarsomere 5, the variety name "P. puncticollis var. greatly thickened and elongate when com­ bilineata" to a specimen of P. traceyae. This pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ variety name is infrasubspecific, and is not an tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified available name regulated by the ICZN. Type mesotarsal and metatarsal claw elongate, locality: Baeza, Napo, Ecuador. with weak ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1.3 times HOLOTYPE. Male: length 19.5 mm, width longer than length of parameres. Paramere 11.0 mm. Color of dorsal surface lime green; with apex rounded, weakly expanded. head (adjacent to eye), pronotum and elytron margins yellow; elytral intervals 3 and 5 with ALLOTYPE. Female: length 20.9 mm, width yellowish-green longitudinal stripes. Ventral 12.1 mm. As holotype except in the following surface yellow to lime green, metasternum respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without apical olive green. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal stridulatory ridge. Modified protarsal claw surface glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus with ventral tooth, not thickened. rugose. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly VARIATION. Male (n=5). Length 16.5-19.9 rounded. Eyes separated by approximately mm, width 9.1-11.6 mm (Fig. 67). Female 3.4 transverse eye-widths. Labrum moder­ (n=3). Length 20.7-21.6 mm, width 10.8-12.1 ately punctate, with moderately large, setose mm. The paratypes differ from the holotype punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with and allotype in the following respects. Color acute, triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth sometimes olive green. Head: Antenna some­ separated from apex of mentum. Apex of men­ times appearing 9-segmented. Elytron: Su­ tum with medial notch. Antenna 10-seg­ tural apex sometimes with weak spine. mented; club slightly longer than segments 2-7, approximately equal to frons. Pronotum: ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia traceyae is named Surface glabrous, moderately punctate, with after my wife Tracey, who has always been moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ supportive of my work on scarab beetles. erally, absent apically and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae not im­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished pressed, punctate, punctures moderate with from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ dark coloration. Sutural apex angled, without lia by the following combination of characters: spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.2 frons with a yellow, transverse 'mask' around times length medially. Surface weakly convex, eyes; frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of densely punctate; punctures moderate, setose the labrum with a reduced, triangular tooth (near apex); setae long, tawny. Venter: Thorax not overlapping the mentum; mentum with a densely setose (glabrous medially), setae medial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron cream colored. Mesothoracic process project­ with a distinct, yellow, longitudinal line on ing anteriorly to procoxa; shape weakly stria 5; elytral apices not capable of com­ subelliptical, apex rounded, dorsoventrally pletely covering the pygidium; apex of the flattened. Abdomen glabrous. Apical spiracles elytral suture without an acute spine; metast­ not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in ernum and abdominal sternites green or yel­ apical half; apical 2 teeth subequal in size, low; mesothoracic process projecting apically third tooth shorter. Mesotibia and metatibia to the procoxa; apical abdominal spiracle not 128 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 67. Platycoelia traceyae male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 129 protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 and meta­ male paralectotypes at MNHN labeled a) "Co­ tarsomere 5 without an internal tooth; lombia (Cauca) Distrito de Pereira Roman M. parameres with the apex rounded, expanded. Valencia 1886." (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "PLATYCOELIA DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). Occurs on the WALLISI OHAUS (j PARALECTOTYPE eastern slope of the Andes Mountains in cen­ A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ tral Ecuador. ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Bogota Columb." (typeface), LOCALITY DATA. 10 specimens examined b) "Platycoelia Wallisi Cotype Ohs." (orange from AMNH, BMNH, HSIC, USNM, VMCP, label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA ZMHB. WALLISI OHAUS (j PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ ECUADOR (10). NAPO (5): Baeza, Hacienda ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at San Isidro (Cosanga), Sarayacu. TUNGURA­ ZMHB labeled a) "Columb." (typeface), b) HUA (3): Ambato, Banos, Yunguilla. NO "Platycoelia Wallisi Cotype Ohs." (orange la­ DATA (2). bel, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI OHAUS (j PARALECTOTYPE TEMPORAL DATA October (1), November A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ (3). ten and typeface). Three female para­ lectotypes at MNHN labeled a) "Columb. occ. (Wallis)" (handwritten), b) "Ex MUSffiO E. 35. Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus, 1904 Steinheil" (typeface), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit (Fig. 65) 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE Platycoelia wallisi Ohaus, 1904 (valid name) A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ CATALOG. Platycoelia wallisi, Ohaus ten and typeface). One female paralectotype 1904b:311, 339 [original description]; Ohaus at MNHN labeled a) "Columb." (typeface), b) 1918:178 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder "Ex MUSffiO A.SALLE 1897" (typeface), c) 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:58 "Ohaus determ. PI. Wallisi Ohaus 9" (typeface [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ and handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." log listing]. (typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.8MITH TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia wallisi 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) face). One female paralectotype at ZMHB la­ "Frontino Columbo Wallis" (typeface), b) beled a) "Columb. occ. (Wallis)" (handwritten), "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "PI. Wallisi b) "9" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia Wallisi Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) COELIA WALLISI OHAUS (j DET: A.B.T. "Platycoelia flavostriata Lat. Colombia" SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ (handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI written and typeface). Lectotype here des­ ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH ignated. See Methods and Materials section 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ for a statement of taxonomic purpose. One face). One female paralectotype at ZMHB la­ male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) beled a) "Columb. Cauca" (typeface), b) "9" "Columb. occ. (Wallis)" (handwritten), b) (typeface), c) "Platycoelia Wallisi Cotype "flavostriata Latr" (handwritten), c) "Ex Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ MUSffiO E. Steinheil" (typeface), d) "Ohaus COELIA WALLISI OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ determ. PI. Wallisi Ohaus" (typeface and TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yellow label, handwritten) e) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ handwritten and typeface). One female para­ face), f) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI OHAUS (j lectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Frontino PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.8MITH 2001" (yel­ Columb Wallis" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), low label, handwritten and typeface). Two c) "Platycoelia Wallisi Cotype Ohs." (orange 130 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA longitudinal striae impressed, punctate; WALLISI OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE punctures moderate; intervals moderately A.B.T.8MITH 2001" (yellow label, handwrit­ punctate, punctures small. Suture apically ten and typeface). One female paralectotype with weak spine or nub. Pygidium: Width ap­ at MNHN labeled a) "Bogota" (handwritten), proximately 1.5 times length medially. Sur­ b) "Ex MuslEO Mniszech" (typeface), c) "Ohaus face weakly convex, densely punctate to determ. PI. Wallisi Ohaus 9." (typeface and rugopunctate; punctures moderately large, handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ setose (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: face), e) "PLATYCOELIA WALLISI ORAUS 9 Thorax moderately setose (except sparsely se­ PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yel­ tose medially), setae tawny. Mesothoracic pro­ low label, handwritten and typeface). Ohaus cess moderately produced, projecting (1904b) did not state how many specimens anteriorly past mesocoxa; shape conical; ven­ were in the original type series. Ohaus also trally flattened. Abdomen sparsely setose, se­ examined specimens from "Manizales tae tawny. Apical spiracles not extruding. (Steinheil)" and "Ecuador, Sara-yacu Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in size teeth in (Buckley)" but I was unable to locate these apical half. Mesotibia and metatibia widest paralectotypes. The existence and location of medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, additional remaining paralectotypes are un­ cup-shaped. Pro tars om ere 3-4 with interno­ known. One specimen labeled "COLUMBIA apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with S.d.Popayan" also has Ohaus' orange cotype internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso­ label. Since this locality was not mentioned in tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 with the original description, the specimen is not internobasal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor part of the type series. Type locality: Frontino, plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified Antioquia, Colombia. protarsal claw with length greater than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when DESCRIPTION. Male (n=18). Length 21.3- compared with other claw, laterally flattened, 23.0 mm, width 11.2-13.6 mm. Color olive apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal green or brownish-yellow; elytral interval 2, and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral 4, and 6 with yellow, longitudinal stripe; head, tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Para­ pronotum, scutellum, and elytron with yellow meres approximately 1.1 times longer than margin. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal length of phallobase. Parameres with apex surface glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus rounded. rugose, punctures moderate. Frons not de­ Female (n=22). Length 23.4-27.8 mm, pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. width 12.5-15.3 mm. As male except in the Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ following respects. Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 proximately 4.1 transverse eye-widths. La­ without internoapical stridulatory ridge. brum sparsely punctate, with moderately Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of fied protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not labrum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of thickened. tooth separated from apex of mentum. Man­ dibular scissorial region with 2 teeth, molar DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished region with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ teeth. Mentum with apicomedial notch. An­ lia by the following combination of characters: tenna 10-segmented (often appearing 9-seg­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex ofthe la­ mented); club approximately equal to brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not segments 2-7 (2-6 in apparently 9-segmented overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ individuals), slightly longer than length of dial notch; elytron with distinct, yellow, lon­ frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moder­ gitudinallines on striae 3 and 5; elytral apices ately punctate, with small and moderate not capable of completely covering the py­ punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, ab­ gidium; metasternum and abdominal sterni­ sent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; tes green or yellow; mesothoracic process MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELlA 131 projecting apically to the procoxa; apical ab­ tum. Apex of mentum with triangular medial dominal spiracle not protuberant; meso­ tooth not curved into oral cavity. Antenna ap­ tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an parently 10-segmented (segments 1-7 ob­ internal tooth; parameres with the apex served, club missing from the only known rounded, not expanded. specimen). Pronotum: Surface glabrous, mod­ erately punctate, with small or moderate DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). This species punctures. Marginal bead weak apicolater­ mainly occurs in the Andes Mountains of ally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface gla­ southern Colombia but most ofthe specimens brous; longitudinal striae weakly punctate, studied were quite old with poor data. punctures moderate with dark coloration; in­ tervals sparsely punctate, punctures small. LOCALITY DATA. 40 specimens examined Suture angled apically, without spine. Py­ from AMNH, CASC, CMNH, DEIC, MCZC, gidium: Width 1.9 times length medially. Sur­ MNHN, SMFD, SMTD, ZMHB, ZMUH. face weakly convex, sparsely to moderately punctate; punctures moderate, disc setose COLOMBIA (36). ANTIOQUIA (2): Frontino. apically. Venter: Thorax moderately setose, CALDAS (2): Aguadita, Manizales. CAUCA setae cream colored. Mesothoracic process (6): Pereira, Popayan, No Data. DISTRITO strongly produced, projecting anteriorly to CAPITAL (7): Bogota. VALLE DEL CAUCA procoxa; shape conical-elongate, apex (1): No Data. NO DATA (18). rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely setose laterally, setae cream colored. No DATA (4). Apical spiracles extruding. Legs: Protibia Specimens labeled "Caracas" and "Ven­ with 3 subequal in size apical teeth. Mesotibia ezuela" were considered to have no data. and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarso­ mere 4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. 36. Platycoelia flavohumeralis Protarsomere 5 with internal stridulatory new species tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 (Fig. 65) without internal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical; with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. TYPE SPECIMEN. Male holotype. Holotype Modified protarsal claw with length greater male at MNHN labeled "Columb. occ. than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate (Wallis)," "humeralis Steinh," "Ex MUSffiO when compared with other claw, dorsoven­ E.Steinheil," and "Ohaus determ. PI. spec. trally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. nov. prope confluens mihi ignota." Type local­ Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws ity: western Colombia. elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.2 times longer HOLOTYPE. Male: length 17.3 mm, width than length of parameres. Parameres apex 10.1 mm. Color olive green with yellow rounded. elytron and pronotum margins; elytron with yellow patches basolaterally. Body ovate, con­ ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia flavohumeralis vex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons means "the yellow-shouldered Platycoelia" densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, referring to the yellow spots on the base ofthe punctures small or moderate. Frons not de­ elytra. pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished rated by 4.0 transverse eye-widths. Labrum from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ densely punctate, with moderately large, se­ lia by the following combination of characters: tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the with triangular, medial tooth; apex of tooth labrum with a reduced, triangular tooth acute, weakly extending past apex of men- weakly overlapping the mentum; mentum 132 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM with a distinct tooth; antenna apparently 10- Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "Ohaus segmented; elytron with distinct, yellow, lon­ determ. Calliehhni~ Plat. Steinheili Ohaus gitudinallines on striae 3 and 5; elytron with Type F" (typeface and handwritten), e) yellow patches basolaterally; elytral apices "PLATYCOELIA STEINHEILI OHAUS F not capable of completely covering the py­ PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2001" (yel­ gidium; apex of the elytral suture without an low label, handwritten and typeface). Ohaus acute spine; metasternum and abdominal (1904b) indicated that there was more than sternites green or yellow; mesothoracic pro­ one male labeled "Colombia" in the Rothschild cess projecting apically to the procoxa; apical collection. These specimens are not in the abdominal spiracle strongly protuberant; BMNH or MNHN. The existence and location mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ of additional remaining paralectotypes are out an internal tooth; parameres with the unknown. Type locality: Popayan, Cauca, Co­ apex rounded, not expanded. lombia.

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). From somewhere DESCRIPTION. Male (n=3). Length 17.8- in western Colombia. 21.1 mm, width 11.0-11.9 mm. Color of dorsal surface olive green to lime green (sometimes LOCALITY DATA. 1 specimen examined darkened to brownish-green); elytron with 6- fromMNHN. 7 thick, yellow, longitudinal stripes; head, pronotum, and elytron with yellow margins; COLOMBIA (1). NO DATA (1). pronotum medially with thick, longitudinal stripe; scutellum yellow. Ventral surface yel­ low to greenish-yellow with black metaster­ 37. Platycoelia steinheili Ohaus, num, abdominal sternites (at least medially). 1904 Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ (Fig. 65) brous. Frons and clypeus moderately to densely punctate, punctures moderate. Frons Platycoelia steinheili Ohaus, 1904 (valid not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. name) Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ CATALOG. Platycoelia steinheili, Ohaus rated by approximately 6.2 transverse eye­ 1904b:291, 338, 341 [original description); widths. Labrum densely punctate, with Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); Blackwelder moderately large, setose punctures, setae 1944:247 [checklist); Machatschke 1965:57 tawny. Apex oflabrum with small, triangular, [catalog listing); Machatschke 1972:302 [cata­ medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlap­ log listing); Martinez 1976:328, 333, 338 [com­ ping apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial parison with Platycoelia bordoni and region with 1 tooth, molar region with strong Platycoelia proseni). lamellae. Maxilla with 3 cup-shaped teeth. Mentum with apicomedial notch or small TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia steinheili tooth. Antenna 9-segmented; club slightly Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled shorter than other segments combined, a) "Columb. Popayan" (handwritten), slightly shorter than length of frons. b) "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "steinheili Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely punc­ Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ tate, with small and moderate punctures. COELIA STEINHEILI OHAUS M DET: Marginal bead weak laterally, absent else­ A.B.T. SMITH 2001 LECTOTYPE" (red label, where. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudi­ handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here nal striae impressed, punctate; punctures designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ moderate; intervals impunctate. Suture tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. apically with acute spine. Pygidium: Width One female paralectotype at MNHN labeled approximately 1.9 times length medially. Sur­ a) "Manizales (Patino)" (handwritten), b) face weakly convex, densely punctate; punc­ "Ex Musffio E. Steinheil" (typeface), c) "Dr tures moderately large to moderate, setose MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 133

(near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Tho­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 65). Occurs from rax moderately setose (except glabrous me­ southern Colombia to central Ecuador mainly dially), setae cream colored. Mesothoracic on the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains. process projecting anteriorly to procoxa; para­ bolic, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined sparsely setose, setae cream colored. Apical from BMNH, HAHC, MNHN, ZMHB. spiracles weakly extruding. Legs: Protibia with 1 apical tooth, 2 short, obsolete medial COLOMBIA (2). CALDAS (1): Manizales. teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medi­ CAUCA (1): Popayan. ally. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ shaped. Protarsomere 4, with internoapical ECUADOR (2). NAPO (2): Archidona, Baeza. stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (1). tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without internobasal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ drical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal 38. Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus, claw approximately equal in length to 1904 protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when (Figs. 3, 9, 14, 66) compared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus, 1904 (valid mesotarsal and metatarsal claw elongate, name) with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ Platycoelia pulchrior Ohaus, 1904 (junior syn­ talia: Phallobase approximately 1.3 times onym) longer than length of parameres. Parameres CATALOG. Platycoelia chrysotina, Ohaus with apex rounded, weakly expanded. 1904b:320, 330, 339 [original description]; Female (n=l). Length 22.1 mm, width Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 12.8 mm. As male except in the following re­ 1944:246 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:59 spects. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in size [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ teeth in apical half. Protarsomeres missing in log listing]. specimen examined. Platycoelia pulchrior, Ohaus 1904b:321, 339 [original description]; Ohaus 1918:177 DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [check­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ list]; Machatschke 1965:59 [catalog listing]; lia by the following combination of characters: Machatschke 1972:303 [catalog listing]. frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia chrysotina overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis­ Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) tinct tooth; antenna 9-segmented; pronotum "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia with a distinct yellow medial line; pro no tum chrysotina Type Ohs." (orange label, hand­ and elytron with prominent punctation; written), c) "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSOTINA elytron with 6-7 distinct, yellow, longitudinal OHAUS 0 LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" lines on the elytron; elytral apices not capable (red label, handwritten and typeface). Lecto­ of completely covering the pygidium; apex of type here designated. See Methods and the elytral suture with an acute spine; Materials section for a statement of taxo­ metasternum and abdominal sternites black; nomic purpose. One male paralectotype at mesothoracic process projecting apically to ZMHB labeled a) "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface), the procoxa; apical abdominal spiracle weakly b) "0" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia chrysotina protuberant; protibia with 1 prominent tooth; Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSOTINA OHAUS 0 out an internal tooth; parameres with the PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ apex rounded, expanded. low label, handwritten and typeface). Two 134 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

male paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) "Bo­ mentioned in the original description, these livia Chaco" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia specimens are not considered as part of the chrysotina Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ original type series. Type locality: Chaco, La written), c) "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSOTINA Paz, Bolivia. ORAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH Platycoelia pulchrior Ohaus lectotype 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ male at ZMHB labeled a) "Yungas-La Paz face). Two male paralectotypes at ZMHB la­ BOLIVIA 3000 m." (typeface and handwrit­ beled a) "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface and ten), b) "0" (typeface), c) "Typus!" (red label, handwritten), b) "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSO­ typeface), d) "P. pulchrior Ohaus" (red label, TINA OHAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA PUL­ SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and CHRIOR OHAUS 0 LECTOTYPE AB.T. typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and labeled a) "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface), b) "0" typeface), f) "Platycoelia chrysotina Ohaus, (typeface), c) "Platycoelia chrysotina Cotyp. 1904 0 Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Ohaus" (handwritten), d) "75164" (typeface), Lectotype here designated. See Methods e) "Type" (typeface), f) "fUr ein Examplar von and Materials section for a statement oftaxo­ Geniates signatus Burm." (handwritten), g) nomic purpose. One paralectotype male at "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSOTINA OHAUS 0 ZMHB labeled a) "Bolivia Chochabamba" PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ (handwritten), b) "0" (typeface), c) "Cotypus!" low label, handwritten and typeface). Four fe­ (red label, typeface), d) "P. pulchrior Ohaus" male paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) (red label, handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), PULCHRIOR ORAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE c) "Platycoelia chrysotina Cotype Ohs." (or­ A B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ ange label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA ten and typeface), f) "Platycoelia chrysotina CHRYSOTINA OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ Ohaus, 19040 Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (type­ TYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, face). Ohaus (1904b) did not state how many handwritten and typeface). Two female specimens were in the original type series paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) "Bolivia (but there were males only). The existence Chaco" (typeface and handwritten), b) "PLATY­ and location of other paralectotypes are un­ COELIA CHRYSOTINA OHAUS 9 PARA­ known. The type specimens of P. pulchrior do LECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow not have character states unique from P. label, handwritten and typeface). One female chrysotina; therefore I am synonymizing the paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Bolivia two names. As the first reviser, I select P. Chaco" (typeface), b) ''C/' (typeface), c) "Cotypus!" chrysotina to have priority over P. pulchrior. (red label, typeface), d) "chrysotina Ohs." Type locality: Yungas de La Paz, Bolivia. (handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSO­ NEW SYNONYMY. TINA OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and DESCRIPTION. Male (n=24). Length 16.8- typeface). One female paralectotype at ZMHB 21.6 mm, width 9.1-11.7 mm. Color of dorsal labeled a) "Bolivia Chaco" (typeface), b) "9" surface lime green to olive green; yellow head, (typeface), c) "Cotype" (red label, typeface), d) pronotum, scutellum, and elytron margins "Platycoelia chrysotina Ohs." (orange label, (wider along base of elytron); elytron with 5 handwritten), e) "PLATYCOELIA CHRYSO­ thin, yellow longitudinal stripes on elytral TINA OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE AB.T. intervals. Ventral surface yellow to yellowish­ SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and green with medial brown patch on metaster­ typeface). Ohaus (1904b) stated that there num, sometimes abdominal sternites. Body were 40 male and eight female specimens in ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. the original type series. The location of the Frons moderately to densely punctate, remaining 33 male paralectotypes is un­ clypeus rugopunctate, punctures small or known. Several specimens (at BMNH, SMTD, moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal ZMHB) labeled "Bolivia Yungas" also have suture complete (occasionally incomplete). various type labels. Since this locality was not Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 135 rated by approximately 3.6 transverse eye­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club slightly widths. Labrum densely punctate, with mod­ shorter than segments 2-7. Venter: Apical spi­ erately large, setose punctures, setae tawny. racles weakly extruding or not extruding. Apex oflabrum with acute, triangular, medial Legs: Protarsomere 4 without internoapical tooth, apex of tooth not overlapping apex of stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without mentum (Fig. 3). Mandibular scissorial region internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with with 2 teeth, molar region with strong lamel­ ventral tooth, not thickened. lae. Maxilla with 3 apical teeth, interior 2 teeth bifurcate. Apex of mentum with medial DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished notch. Antenna IO-segmented; club approxi­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ mately equal to segments 2-7, approximately lia by the following combination of characters: equal to clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ glabrous, moderately punctate, with small or brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ erally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface gla­ dial notch; antenna IO-segmented; elytron brous; longitudinal striae weakly impressed, with distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines on weakly punctate; punctures moderate with striae 3 and 5; elytral apices not capable of dark coloration; intervals moderately punc­ completely covering the pygidium; apex ofthe tate, punctures moderate. Suture angled elytral suture without an acute spine; metast­ apically with weak nub or spine. Pygidium: ernum and abdominal sternites dark brown to Width approximately 2.1 times length medi­ black (at least medially); mesothoracic pro­ ally. Surface weakly convex, moderately to cess projecting apically to the procoxa; apical densely punctate; punctures small or moder­ abdominal spiracle weakly protuberant; ate, setose (near apical margin); setae short, mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ cream colored. Venter: Thorax densely setose out an internal tooth; parameres with the (except glabrous medially), setae white. Meso­ apex rounded, not expanded. thoracic process strongly produced, projecting anteriorly to procoxa; shape conical-elongate, DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 66). Andes Mountains apex rounded, dorsoventrally flattened (Fig. of southern Peru and central Bolivia. 9). Abdomen sparsely setose, setae white. Api­ cal 2 spiracles extruding, cylindrical. Legs: LOCALITY DATA. 48 specimens examined Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; 2 apical from AMNH, ANCB, BMNH, DEIC, DJCC, teeth subequal in size, third tooth shorter. HAHC, HNHM, ISNB, MNHN, SMTD, Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. USNM, ZMHB. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical stridulatory PERU (6). CUSCO (4): Marcapata, Pilcopata ridge. Protarsomere 5 with internomedial (40-53 km W), Valle de Lares (75 km NW stridulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere and Calca). NO DATA (2). metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 BOLIVIA (40). COCHABAMBA (5): Carrasco, apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with Cochabamba, Limbo. LA PAZ (24): Chaco, La length greater than protarsomere 5, thickened Paz, Sendli Uyuni - Qucara, Tojoloque, and elongate when compared with other claw, Yanacachi, Yungas de La Paz. SANTA CRUZ laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate (1): Comarapa. NO DATA (10). (Fig. 14). Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ No DATA (2). ened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase approxi­ One specimen labeled "Equateur Banos" mately 1.1 times longer than length of was considered to have no data. This locality parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, is far out of the known range for the species. weakly expanded. Female (n=23). Length 18.3-23.7 mm, TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), February width 10.1-12.1 mm. As male except in the fol- (6), October (4), December (1). 136 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

39. Platycoelia butleri new species moderate, setose; setae long, tawny. Venter: (Figs. 31, 68, front cover) Thorax densely setose, setae cream colored. Mesothoracic process projecting anteriorly to TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female procoxa; shape conical-elongate, apex allotype and 3 paratypes (2 male, 1 female). rounded, dorsoventrally flattened. Abdomen Holotype male at UNSM labeled "COLL sparsely setose; setae tawny. Apical spiracles LECOURT G. Cristal-Mayu it Cochabamba not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in Alt: 2640 m. 28.x1.1995. BOLIVIE." Allotype apical half; apical 2 teeth subequal in size, female at ABTS labeled "BOLIVIA: third tooth shorter. Mesotibia and metatibia Cochabamba Chapare, Corani, 2600 m Ctr widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than Hidroelectrica 6 December 1996 M.Butler." long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with api­ One male paratype at EGRC labeled cal stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without "PERU:Dpto.la Libertad Cum pang, above internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and meta­ Ucta-bamba, on trail to Ongon: ca.2625 M" tarsomere 5 without internal swelling or and "October 6-16,1979 ColI. LJB." One male tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 paratype at MNHN labeled "Loja de Mathan," apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903.," and "Ohaus determ. length approximately equal to protarsomere PI. spec. nova prope confluens mihi ignota." 5, greatly thickened and elongate when com­ One female paratype at FMNH labeled pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ "Chapare 3000m. Cochabamba Bol. 8-11-XII- tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified 84 ColI. L.E.Pena" and "FMNH. 1986 L.E. mesotarsal claws elongated with long ventral Pena ColI Acc.# 17-422." Type locality: tooth (apex even with claw apex), not thick­ Cristal-Mayu, Cochabamba, Bolivia. ened. Modified metatarsal claw elongate, with weak ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ HOLOTYPE. Male: length 16.7 mm, width talia: Phallobase approximately 1.1 times 9.3 mm. Color lime green; yellow scutellum, longer than length of parameres (Fig. 31). and elytron margins; metasternum brown Paramere with apex with strong ventral medially. Elytron with yellow reticulated pat­ curve. tern, apicolateral spot. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely ALLOTYPE. Female: length 16.3 mm, width punctate, clypeus rugopunctate. Frons not 9.3 mm. As holotype except in the following depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. respects. Color yellow (reticulated pattern on Clypeal apex rounded. Eyes separated by ap­ elytron weak, but evident). Head: Antennal proximately 4.0 transverse eye-widths. La­ club approximately equal to segments 2-7. brum densely punctate, with moderately Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 without apical stridu­ large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of latory ridge. Modified protarsal claw with labrum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of ventral tooth, not thickened. tooth resting against apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with medial tooth curved into oral VARIATION. Male (n=2). Length 16.3 mm, cavity. Antenna 10-segmented; club slightly width 9.2 mm. Female (n=l). Length 17.9 shorter than other segments combined, mm, width 10.4 mm. The paratypes differ slightly shorter than frons. Pronotum: Sur­ from the holotype and allotype in the follow­ face glabrous, moderately punctate, with ing respects. Color lime green or yellow (re­ moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak lat­ ticulated pattern on elytron weak, but erally, absent apically and basally. Elytron: evident). Legs: Modified metatarsal claw with Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae not im­ ventral tooth sometimes prominent. pressed or punctate. Reticulated pattern weakly elevated. Sutural apex rounded, with­ ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia butler is named out spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.4 honor of Michael Butler of Peterborough, times length medially. Surface weakly convex, Ontario. Mike spent a rainy night in a boggy moderately to sparsely punctate; punctures area in the "middle-of-nowhere," Bolivia, to MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 137

* Platycoelia butleri o Platycoelia hirta * Platycoelia altiplana • Platycoelia confluens

Fig. 68. Distribution of Platycoelia but/eri, P. hirta, P. altiplana, and P. confluens in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.

collect the allotype of this species (while the tinct tooth curved into the oral cavity; an­ rest of the expedition enjoyed a steak dinner tenna 10-segmented; elytron with a distinct, in Cochabamba). yellow, reticulated pattern; elytral apices not capable of completely covering the pygidium; DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished elytral suture yellow, apex without an acute from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ spine; metasternum with a dark medial patch; lia by the following combination of characters: abdominal sternites green to yellow; mesotho­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ racic process projecting apically to the brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly procoxa; apical abdominal spiracle not protu­ overlapping the mentum; mentum with a dis- berant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatars om ere 138 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

5 without an internal tooth; parameres with handwritten and typeface). One male the apex rounded, strongly curved downward. paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (type­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 68). Occurs on the face), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. hirta Ohs. (J Andes Mountains from southern Ecuador to Type." (typeface and handwritten), c) "Dr central Bolivia. Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ COELIA HIRTA OHAUS (J PARA­ LOCALITY DATA. 5 specimens examined LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow from ABTS, DJCC, EGRC, FMNH, MNHN. label, handwritten and typeface). One female paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie ECUADOR (1). LOJA (1): Loja. Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (type­ face), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Typus!" (red label, PERU (1). LA LIBERTAD (1) Uctubamba. typeface), d) "PI. hirta Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), e) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ BOLIVIA (3). COCHABAMBA (3): Chapare, face), f) "PLATYCOELIA HIRTA OHAUS 9 Corani, Cristal-Mayu. PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ low label, handwritten and typeface). One fe­ TEMPORAL DATA. October (1), November male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) (1), December (2). "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. hirta Ohs. 9 Cotyp." (typeface and handwritten), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ 40. Platycoelia hirta Ohaus, 1904 COELIA HIRTA OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ (Fig. 68) TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One female Platycoelia hirta Ohaus, 1904 (valid name) paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie CATALOG. Platycoelia hirta, Ohaus Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (type­ 1904b:317, 339 [original description]; Ohaus face), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. hirta Ohs. 9 1918:177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder Type." (typeface and handwritten), c) "Dr 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:59 Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ COELIA HIRTA OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ log listing]. TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). Ohaus (1904b) TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia hirta stated that there were six males and three Ohaus lectotype male at MNHN labeled a) females in the original type series, so all type "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" specimens are accounted for. Type locality: (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ Cochabamba, Bolivia. face), c) "Typus!" (red label, typeface), d) "PI. hirta Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), e) DESCRIPTION. Male (n=75). Length 16.9- "PLATYCOELIA HIRTA OHAUS (J LECTO­ 21.0 mm, width 8.9-10.0 mm. Color of dorsal TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, hand­ surface olive green to lime green or yellow; written and typeface). Lectotype here yellow head, pronotum, scutellum, and designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ elytron margins; elytron with irregular, tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. translucent splotches giving water soaked ap­ Four male paralectotypes at MNHN labeled pearance; 3 thin, yellow longitudinal stripes a) "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain on elytral intervals; suture with thick yellow 1889" (typeface), b) "Ohaus determ. PI. hirta margin. Ventral surface yellow to yellowish­ Ohs. (J Cotyp." (typeface and handwritten), c) green with medial brown patch on meta­ "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ sternum (sometimes covering entire COELIA HIRTA OHAUS (J PARALECTO­ metasternum); abdominal sternites with TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, brown along medial margins. Body ovate, con- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 139 vex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons base approximately 1.4 times longer than moderately to densely punctate, clypeus length of parameres. Parameres with apex rugopunctate, punctures moderate. Frons not rounded, weakly expanded. depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. Female (n=99). Length 17.2-23.2 mm, Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes sepa­ width 8.6-11.2 mm. As male except in the fol­ rated by approximately 4.3 transverse eye­ lowing respects. Venter: Apical spiracles not widths. Labrum densely punctate, with extruding. Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 without moderately large, setose punctures, setae internoapical stridulatory ridge. Pro tar­ tawny. Apex oflabrum with acute, triangular, so mere 5 without internal tooth. Modified medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlap­ protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thick­ ping apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial ened. region with 2 teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 apical teeth, interior DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished 2 teeth bifurcate. Apex of mentum with me­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ dial notch. Antenna 10-segmented; club lia by the following combination of characters: slightly longer than segments 2-7, approxi­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ mately equal to length of frons. Pronotum: brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly Surface glabrous, moderately punctate, with overlapping the mentum; mentum with me­ small or moderate punctures. Marginal bead dial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron weak laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: with distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines on Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly striae 3 and 5; elytral apices not capable of impressed; intervals moderately punctate, completely covering the pygidium; elytron punctures moderate. Suture angled apically with 'blotchy' appearance; elytral suture yel­ without spine. Pygidium: Width approxi­ low, apex without acute spine; metasternum mately 1.8 times length medially. Surface dark brown to black (at least medially); ab­ weakly convex, sparsely to moderately punc­ dominal sternites with dark apical and basal tate; punctures moderate, setose (near apical borders; mesothoracic process projecting margin); setae short, cream colored. Venter: apically to the procoxa; apical abdominal spi­ Thorax densely setose (except glabrous medi­ racle weakly protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 ally), setae white. Mesothoracic process and metatarsomere 5 without an internal strongly produced, projecting anteriorly to tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not procoxa; shape conical-elongate, apex expanded. rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae white. Apical 2 spi­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 68). Andes Mountains racles extruding, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia of central Bolivia. with 3 teeth in apical half; 2 apical teeth subequal in size, third tooth shorter. LOCALITY DATA. 173 specimens examined Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. from AMNH, BCRC, CMNH, FMNH, HARC, Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ MNHN,ZSMC. shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with BOLIVIA (172). COCHABAMBA (171): internomedial stridulatory tooth. Meso­ Chapare, Cochabamba, Incachaca, Limbo, tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without in­ Yungas de Totora, Yungas del Palmar, No ternal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate Data. SANTA CRUZ (1): Parque Nacional cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified Ambor6. protarsal claw with length greater than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when No DATA (1). compared with other claw, laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal TEMPORAL DATA. February (11), Septem­ and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral ber (1), October (8), November (3), December tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallo- (1). 140 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

41. Platycoelia altiplana new Protibia with 3 teeth; 2 subequal in size teeth species in apical quarter, third tooth obsolete. (Fig. 68) Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype and 11 shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical male paratypes. Holotype male and 7 male stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with paratypes at ANCB, two male paratypes at internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotar­ ABTS, and two male paratypes at UNSM la­ somere and metatarsomere 5 without internal beled "BOLIVIA, Dept. La Paz Provo Franz tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate cylindri­ Tamayo Tojoloque Pastizal 20-22.X.1999 J. cal, with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. Modi­ Corro." Type locality: Totoloque, Franz fied protarsal claw with length greater than Tamayo, La Paz, Bolivia. protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when compared with other claw, laterally flattened, HOLOTYPE. Male: length 17.5 mm, width apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal 10.0 mm. Color of dorsal surface light green and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral to yellow; elytral suture with thick, yellow tooth, not thickened. margin; elytral disc with 2 weakly raised, yel­ low, longitudinal lines. Ventral surface yellow VARIATION. Male (n=11). Length 15.5-17.8 to yellowish-green. Body ovate, convex. Head: mm, width 8.9-10.0 mm. The paratypes to not Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons moderately differ significantly from the holotype. Other punctate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures characters as follows. Head: Mandibular moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal scissorial region with 2 teeth, molar region suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 apical rounded. Eyes separated by approximately teeth, medial tooth bifurcate. Male Genitalia: 6.3 transverse eye-widths. Labrum densely Phallobase approximately 1.1 times longer punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ than length of parameres. Parameres with tures, setae tawny. Apex oflabrum with acute, apex rounded. Female unknown. triangular, medial tooth, apex oftooth weakly overlapping apex of mentum. Apex of mentum ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia altiplana means with medial notch. Antenna 10-segmented; "the Platycoelia of the Altiplano" referring to club slightly longer than segments 2-7, ap­ the habitat and region where it occurs. proximately equal to length of clypeus. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished tate, with small and moderate punctures. from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Marginal bead weak laterally, absent else­ lia by the following combination of characters: where. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudi­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ nal striae weakly impressed, weakly brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly punctate; intervals sparsely punctate, punc­ overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ tures moderate. Suture angled apically with­ dial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron out spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.0 with distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines on times length medially. Surface weakly convex, striae 3 and 5; elytral apices not capable of sparsely punctate; punctures moderate, se­ completely covering the pygidium; elytral su­ tose (near apical margin); setae short, cream ture yellow, apex without an acute spine; colored. Venter: Thorax moderately setose (ex­ metasternum and abdominal sternites green cept glabrous medially), setae white. Me­ to yellow; mesothoracic process projecting so thoracic process moderately produced, apically past the mesocoxa; apical abdominal projecting anteriorly past mesocoxa, shape cy­ spiracle strongly protuberant; mesotarsomere lindrical, apex rounded, ventrally flattened. 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an internal Abdomen sparsely setose, setae white. Apical tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not 2 spiracles extruding, cylindrical. Legs: expanded. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 141

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 68). Tojoloque, Bolivia "Ex-MuSffiO Mniszech" (typeface), c) "Ohaus is the only known locality for this species. determ. PI. confluens Ohaus a" (typeface and handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined face), e) "PLATYCOELIA CONFLUENS fromANCE. OHAUS a PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ BOLIVIA (12). LA PAZ (12): Tojoloqui. face). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ beled a) "Ex-MuSffiO Mniszech" (typeface), b) TEMPORAL DATA. October (12). "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "PLATY­ COELIA CONFLUENS OHAUS a PARA­ LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow 42. Platycoelia confluens Ohaus, label, handwritten and typeface). One male 1904 paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Ex­ (Figs. 68, 69) MUSffiO ASALLE 1897" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "PLATY­ Platycoelia confluens Ohaus, 1904 (valid COELIA CONFLUENS OHAUS a PARA­ name) LECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow CATALOG. Platycoelia confluens, Ohaus label, handwritten and typeface). One male 1904b:275, 318, 339 [original description]; paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivia" Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder (handwritten), b) "ExCoII. Deyr IN ED. 1944:246 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:59 BROWN" (typeface), c) "confluens Deyrolle" [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ (green label, handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit log listing]. 1903." (typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA CONFLUENS OHAUS a PARALECTOTYPE TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia confluens AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at "Bolivia Tanampaya" (handwritten), b) MNHN labeled a) "Sorata" (green label, hand­ "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "confluens written), b)"Ex-Musffio A SALLE 1897" (type­ Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ face), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. confluens Ohaus COELIA CONFLUENS OHAUS a LECTO­ a" (typeface and handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, Vidit 1903." (typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here CONFLUENSORAUsaPARALECTOTYPE designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. ten and typeface). The existence and location One female paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) of other specimens from Ohaus' original type "Bolivia Sorata" (handwritten), b) "9" (type­ series are unknown. There are two specimens face), c) "PI. confluens Ohaus" (red label, in ZMHB labeled "Mapiri Bolivia" and "BO­ handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA CON­ LIVIA S.Cruz d.I.S." with Ohaus' orange FLUENS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE cotype labels. These localities were not men­ AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ tioned in the original description so these ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at specimens are not part of the original type MNHN labeled a) "Bolivia" (green label, series. Type locality: "Tanampaya," Bolivia handwritten), b) "Collection CasteIn au" (type­ (this locality is unknown to me). face), c) "Ex-MuSffiO VAN LANSBERGE" (typeface), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ DESCRIPTION. Male (n=14). Length 18.3- face), e) "PLATYCOELIA CONFLUENS 20.4 mm, width 10.3-10.6 mm (Fig. 69). Color ORAUS a PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH of dorsal surface lime green; yellow head, 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ pronotum, scutellum, and elytron margins; face). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ elytral suture with thick, yellow margin; beled a) "Bolivia" (handwritten), b) elytral disc with 2 weakly raised, yellow, 142 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM longitudinal lines on striae 3 and 5, lateral protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate when line bifurcate, split in basal half. Ventral sur­ compared with other claw, laterally flattened, face yellow to yellowish-green with medial, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal light brown patch on metasternum; abdomi­ and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral nal sternites lime green with yellow along tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallo­ margins. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal base approximately 1.6 times longer than surface glabrous. Frons moderately punctate, length of parameres. Parameres with apex clypeus rugopunctate, punctures moderate. rounded. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture Female (n=2). Length 19.8-20.9 mm, complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes width 11.5-12.3 mm. As male except in the fol­ separated by approximately 4.3 transverse lowing respects. Venter: Apical spiracles eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with weakly extruding. Legs: Protarsomere 4 with­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae out internoapical stridulatory ridge. tawny. Apex oflabrum with acute, triangular, Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Modi­ medial tooth, apex of tooth weakly overlap­ fied protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not ping apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial thickened. region with 2 teeth, molar region with strong lamellae. Maxilla with 3 apical teeth, interior DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished 2 teeth bifurcate. Apex of mentum with me­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ dial notch. Antenna 10-segmented; club lia by the following combination of characters: slightly longer than segments 2-7, approxi­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ mately as long as frons. Pronotum: Surface brum with a broad, triangular tooth weakly glabrous, moderately punctate, with moder­ overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ ate punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, dial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; with distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines on longitudinal striae weakly impressed; inter­ striae 3 and 5; elytral apices not capable of vals sparsely punctate, punctures moderate. completely covering the pygidium; elytral su­ Suture angled apically without spine. Py­ ture yellow, apex without acute spine; metast­ gidium: Width approximately 1.7 times ernum with a dark medial patch; abdominal length medially. Surface weakly convex, sternites green to yellow; mesothoracic pro­ sparsely punctate; punctures moderate, se­ cess projecting apically past the mesocoxa; tose (near apical margin); setae short, cream apical abdominal spiracle strongly protuber­ colored. Venter: Thorax densely setose (except ant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 glabrous medially), setae white. Mesothoracic without an internal tooth; parameres with the process moderately produced, projecting ante­ apex rounded, not expanded. riorly past mesocoxa; shape conical-elongate, apex rounded; ventrally flattened. Abdomen DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 68). Andes Mountains sparsely setose, setae white. Apical 2 spi­ in northern to central Bolivia. racles extruding, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia with 2 subequal in size teeth in apical quar­ LOCALITY DATA. 16 specimens examined ter. Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. from BMNH, MCZC, MNHN, SMTD, ZMHB. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical BOLIVIA (10). LA PAZ (3): Mapiri, Sorata. stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with SANTA CRUZ (1): Santa Cruz. NO DATA (6). internomedial stridulatory tooth. Meso­ tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without in­ No DATA (6). ternal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical setae. Modified protarsal claw with length greater than MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 143

Fig. 69. Platycoelia confluens male. 144 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

43. Platycoelia lutescens Anatista macrophylla (= Platycoelia Blanchard, 1851 lutescens, misidentification), Ratcliffe (Figs. 58, 70) 1990:181 [entomophagy].

Platycoelia lutescens Blanchard, 1851 (valid TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia lutescens name) Blanchard lectotype female at MNHN labeled Leucopelaea albescens Bates, 1891 (junior a) "59 49" (round, green label, handwritten on synonym) underside), b) "P. lutescens. Cat. Mus. Cusco Leucopelaea baronis Ohaus, 1905 (junior syn­ (Perou). M. Gay." (green label, handwritten), onym) c) "PLATYCOELIA LUTESCENS BLAN­ CATALOG. Platycoelia lutescens, Blanchard CHARD 9 LECTOTYPE A. B. T. SMITH 1851:227 [original description]; Lacordaire 2001" (red label, handwritten and typeface). 1856:372 [distribution]; Guerin-Meneville Lectotype here designated. See Methods 1855:585 [catalog listing]; Harold 1869:1230 and Materials section for a statement oftaxo­ [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1965:55,60 [in­ nomic purpose. Blanchard (1851) did not in­ correctly cited as type species for Leucopelaea, dicate how many specimens were in the type new combination, catalog listing]; Machatschke series. The location and existence of para­ 1972:301, 304 [incorrectly cited as type species lectotypes are unknown. Claude Gay collected for Leucopelaea, catalog listing]; Smith and the lectotype during his trip to Peru in 1839 Paucar-Cabrera 2000:408 [redescription, distri­ (Blanchard 1851, Papavero 1971). Type local­ bution, biology, entomophagy]; Smith 2002b:97 ity: Peru. [lectotype validation of Leucopelaea albescens]; Leucopelaea albescens Bates lectotype Smith 2002a:381 [phylogenetic analysis of male at BMNH labeled a) "Co-type" (round Brachysternina]; Paucar-Cabrera and Smith label with red border), b) "92-24.", c) "Cotopaxi 2002:442 [larval description]. Ecuador. 12000 feet. Ed. Whymper.", d) "Leu­ Leucopelaea albescens, Whymper 1891:ix copelaea albescens" (handwritten), e) "LEU­ [biology]; Bates 1891b:30 [original descrip­ COPELAEAALBESCENS BATES DET. A. B. tion]; Whymper 1892:137 [biology]; Ohaus T. SMITH 1999, LECTOTYPE" (red label, 1905:121, 122, 164 [redescription]; Ohaus handwritten and typeface), D "Platycoelia 1918:178 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder LUTESCENS BLANCHARD a Det: A.B.T. 1944:247 [checklist]; Onore 1997:279, 280, Smith 1999" (typeface and handwritten). It 284 [biology, entomophagy]; Smith and has been suggested that the lectotype desig­ Paucar-Cabrera 2000:409 [placed as synonym nation of Leucopelaea albescens by Smith and of Platycoelia lutescens, lectotype designated]; Paucar-Cabrera (2000) is invalid (see Smith 2002b:97 [lectotype validation]. Pulawski and Kerzhner 2001). The lectotype Leucopelaea lutescens, Ohaus 1905:122, designated by Smith and Paucar-Cabrera 164 [new combination, redescription]; Ohaus (2000) is valid under the current ICZN rules, 1908:405 [distribution]; Ohaus 1918:178 even though there was no statement of taxo­ [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 nomic purpose was included (Article 74.7.3). [checklist]. Smith and Paucar-Cabrera (2000) was ac­ Leucopelaea baronis, Ohaus 1905:123, cepted in its final form on 23 November 1999, 164 [original description]; Ohaus 1918:178 before the fourth edition of the ICZN came [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 [check­ into affect. The International Commission on list]; Smith and Paucar-Cabrera 2000:408 Zoological Nomenclature (1999) states in Ar­ [placed as synonym of Platycoelia lutescens]. ticle 86.1.2 that "If an author submits for pub­ Platycoelia albescens, Machatschke lication before 1 January 2000 a work 1965:60 [new combination, catalog listing]; containing names or nomenclatural act pro­ Machatschke 1972:304 [catalog listing]. posed under the provisions ofthe third (1985) Platycoelia baronis, Machatschke edition of the Code which was then in force, 1965:60 [new combination, catalog listing]; but the work is not published until after 31 Machatschke 1972:304 [catalog listing]. December 1999, the names or acts are not to MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 145 be set aside on the grounds that they do not Bates" (handwritten), d) "LEUCOPELAEA comply with the changed provisions of the ALBESCENS BATES 1891 DET: A.B.T. fourth edition. The Commission should be SMITH 2001 PARALECTOTYPE" (yellow la­ asked to validate the names or acts." A re­ bel, handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATY­ quest to the Commission to uphold this lecto­ COELIA LUTESCENS BLANCHARD 0 type designation has been published (Smith Det:AB.T.Smith 2001" (handwritten and 2002b). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ typeface). Bates (1891b) stated that there beled a) "Machachi, Ecuador. 9-10,000 feet. were 13 specimens in the type series. The lo­ Ed Whymper" (typeface) on upperside and cation of the remaining 4 paralectotypes is "1368171 K" (handwritten) on lowerside, b) unknown. Placed in synonymy with P. "Leucopelaea albescens Bates" (handwritten), lutescens by Smith and Paucar-Cabrera c) "Ex-Musreo H.WBATES 1892" (typeface), (2000). Type locality: the plain ofLimpiopungo d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), e) "LEU­ near Volcan Cotopaxi, Ecuador (Whymper COPELAEA ALBESCENS BATES 1891 1892). DET:AB.T.SMITH 2001 PARALECTOTYPE" Leucopelaea baronis Ohaus lectotype (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), f) male at ZMHB labeled a) "Ecuador Baron" "PLATYCOELIA LUTESCENS BLAN­ (typeface), b) "Leucopelaea Baronis Type CHARD 0 Det:AB.T.Smith 2001" (handwrit­ Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), c) "LEU­ ten and typeface). One male paralectotype at COPELAEA BARONIS OHAUS 0 LECTO­ MNHN labeled a) "Cotopaxi 12000 ft" (hand­ TYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (red label, written), b) "Leucopelaea albescens Bates" handwritten and typeface), d) "Zool. Mus. Ber­ (handwritten), c) "Ex-Musreo H.WBATES lin" (typeface), e) "Platycoelia LUTESCENS 1892" (typeface), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." BLANCHARD 0 Det: A.B.T. Smith 1999" (typeface), e) "LEUCOPELAEAALBESCENS (typeface and handwritten). Lectotype here BATES 1891 DET:A.B.T.SMITH 2001 designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ PARALECTOTYPE" (yellow label, handwrit­ tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. ten and typeface), f) "PLATYCOELIA Two male paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) LUTESCENS BLANCHARD 0 Det: AB.T. "Ecuador Baron" (typeface), b) "Leucopelaea Smith 2001" (handwritten and typeface). Four Baronis Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwrit­ male paralectotypes at MNHN labeled a) ten), c) "LEUCOPELAEA BARONIS OHAUS "Cotopaxi 12000 ft" (handwritten), b) "Ex­ o PARALECTOTYPE A B. T. SMITH 2002" Musreo H.WBATES 1892" (typeface), c) "Dr (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), d) Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "LEUCO­ "Platycoelia LUTESCENS BLANCHARD 0 PELAEA ALBESCENS BATES 1891 DET: Det:AB.T.Smith 1999" (typeface and hand­ AB.T.SMITH 2001 PARALECTOTYPE" (yel­ written). Two female paralectotypes at ZMHB low label, handwritten and typeface), e) labeled a) "Ecuador Baron" (typeface), b) "PLATYCOELIA LUTESCENS BLANCHARD "Leucopelaea Baronis Cotype Ohs." (orange o Det:AB.T.Smith 2001" (handwritten and label, handwritten), c) "LEUCOPELAEA typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB BARONIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A labeled a) "Cotopaxi 12000" (handwritten), b) B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten "Leucopelaea albescens Cotype 0 Bts." (or­ and typeface), d) "Platycoelia LUTESCENS ange label, handwritten), c) "LEUCOPELAEA BLANCHARD 9 Det:A.B.T.Smith 1999" ALBESCENS BATES 1891 DET: A.B.T. (typeface and handwritten). Three male SMITH 2001 PARALECTOTYPE" (yellow la­ paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) "Ecuador bel, handwritten and typeface), d) "PLATY­ Baron" (typeface), b) "Leucopelaea Baronis COELIA LUTESCENS BLANCHARD 0 Cotype Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), c) Det:A.B.T.Smith 2001" (handwritten and "LEUCOPELAEA BARONIS OHAUS 0 typeface). One male paralectotype at ZMHB PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" labeled a) "Machachi Ecuador" (typeface), b) (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), d) "0" (typeface), c) "Leucopelaea albescens H. "PLATYCOELIA LUTESCENS BLAN- 146 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

CHARD a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2001" (handwrit­ Elytron: Surface glabrous, with weakly im­ ten and typeface). Two female paralectotypes pressed longitudinal striae; intervals at ZMHB labeled a) "Ecuador Baron" (type­ impunctate. Suture apically rounded to angu­ face), b) "Leucopelaea Baronis Cotype Ohs." lar. Pygidium: Width approximately 1. 7 times (orange label, handwritten), c) "LEUCOPEL­ length. Surface weakly convex, punctate; AEA BARONIS OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ punctures small, sparse, setose in apical half; TYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, setae long, tawny. Venter: Thorax moderately handwritten and typeface), d) "PLATYCOE­ to densely setose; setae long, tawny. Mesotho­ LIALUTESCENS BLANCHARD 9 Det: A.B. T. racic process small, projecting anteriorly to Smith 2001" (handwritten and typeface). subapex of mesocoxa, or reduced nub. Ab­ Smith and Paucar-Cabrera (2000) errone­ dominal sternites laterally moderately setose, ously referred to the type specimens of Leuco­ medially sparsely setose; setae long, reddish. pelaea baronis as a holotype and paratypes Apical 2 spiracles with margins stronglyex­ (see discussion ofOhaus' type in Methods and truding, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia with 3 Materials section). One specimen labeled "Ec­ teeth in apical half; first and second teeth uador E. Deville" also had an orange "Leuco­ subequal in size in size, third tooth small, of­ pelaea Baronis Cotype Ohs." label but the ten worn and obsolete, removed slightly from original description mentioned only speci­ apical teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest mens collected by Baron (Ohaus 1905) so this medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, specimen is not considered to be in the type cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 without series. Placed in synonymy with P. lutescens internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ by Smith and Paucar-Cabrera (2000). Type lo­ mere 5 with internomedial tooth or swelling. cality: Ecuador. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=226). Length 16.1- with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. Modified 24.3 mm, width 10.2-13.6 mm (Fig. 70). Color protarsal claw with length approximately dorsally and ventrally cream-colored when equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ alive (often turning tan or testaceous when gate when compared with other claw, dorso­ dead). Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ ventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. face glabrous. Frons impunctate or sparsely Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws punctate (base) to moderately punctate elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. (apex), punctures moderate. Clypeus densely Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.4 times longer punctate (base) to rugopunctate (apex), punc­ than length of parameres. Parameres with tures moderate. Frons not depressed. Fron­ apex rounded. toclypeal suture complete, weakly bisinuate. Female (n=35). Length 17.5-30.3 mm, Clypeal apex rounded, moderately reflexed. width 10.7-16.8 mm.As male except in the fol­ Eyes separated by approximately 5.5 trans­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club approxi­ verse eye-widths. Labrum rugose, setose; se­ mately equal to segments 2-7. Legs: Third tae tawny. Apex of labrum with minute, protibial tooth broadly acute, rarely worn triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth well down and obsolete. Protarsomere 5 without separated from apex of mentum. Mandibular internal tooth. Modified protarsal claw with scissorial region with weak apical tooth, weak ventral tooth, not thickened. medial nub; molar region without lamellae. Maxilla with 2-3, apical teeth. Apex of men­ LARVAE. Platycoelia lutescens larvae were tum with medial notch. Antenna 10-seg­ described by Paucar-Cabrera and Smith mented (sometimes appearing 9-segmented); (2002). The following diagnostic characters club slightly shorter than other segments were given: epipharynx with laeotorma longer combined, slightly longer than clypeallength. than dexiotorma, expanded towards Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely punc­ chaetoparia; mandible with two scissorial tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead teeth; abdominal spiracles elongate. weak laterally, absent apically and basally. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 147

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished of paramo habitat around Quito (for urban de­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ velopment) caused P. lutescens populations to lia by the following combination of characters: decline in that area (Smith and Paucar­ color cream or tan; frontoclypeal suture com­ Cabrera 2000). plete; apex of the labrum with a reduced, tri­ angular tooth not overlapping the mentum; LOCALITY DATA. 288 specimens examined mentum with a medial notch; antenna 10-seg­ from BCRC, BMNH, CASC, CMNH, DEIC, mented; elytron without distinct longitudinal DJCC, FGIC, HAHC, HNHM, LACM, LEMQ, lines; elytral apices not capable of completely MCZC, MGFT, MLJC, MNHN, QCAZ, SMFD, covering the pygidium; apex of the elytral su­ SMTD, USNM, ZMHB, ZSMC. ture without an acute spine; mesothoracic process nub to weakly projecting apically; api­ COLOMBIA (7). NARINO (7): Cumbal, Pasto. cal abdominal spiracle strongly protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ ECUADOR (272). BOLIVAR (4): Cashca out an internal tooth; parameres with the Totoras. CANAR (18): El Tambo. COTOPAXI apex rounded, not expanded. (25): El Boliche, Latacunga, Limpiopungo, Parque Nacional Cotopaxi. ESMERALDAS DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 58). Andes Mountains (2): Mayronga. IMBABURA (16): Juncal, from southern Colombia to southern Peru. Otavalo. PICHINCHA (162): Aloag, Cayambe Recorded from 1,800-4,000 m. Occurs in (9.9 km NW), Chillogallo, Conocoto, paramo and other grassland habitats. Cumbaya, Ilalo, Machachi, Nono, Palmeras, Pintag, Quito, Santa Catalina, Tambillo, No BIOLOGY. Smith and Paucar-Cabrera (2000) data. TUNGURAHUA (4): Banos, Pillaro. NO discussed the biology of P. lutescens. The DATA (37). adults emerge from the paramo when the win­ ter rains begin (usually late October to early PERU (5). CUSCO (1): Cusco. LIMA (1): November). It has been observed that adult Callanga. PUNO (1): No data. NO DATA (2). emergence coincides with rainy days and the sound of thunder (Whymper 1892, Onore No DATA (4). 1997). They emerge 'en masse' and have been Doubtful locality labels include four speci­ seen by the thousands for a short period of mens labeled "Guayquil, Ecuador," two speci­ time. Whymper (1892) gives an excellent ac­ mens labeled "Zarayaku Ecuador or." and one count of this in Travels Amongst the Great specimen labeled Archidona. I considered Andes of the Equator. On 14 February 1880 these "Ecuador, no data" because these locali­ while travelling to Volcan Cotopaxi (he was ties are too low in elevation to support popu­ primarily on a mountain climbing expedition) lations of this species. One specimen labeled Whymper writes "It was our intention to "Chili" is also doubtful (this locality is far out travel direct to Cotopaxi, but a violent storm of the known range for the species) and I con­ drove us for refuge into Pedregal ... at the sider as a "No Data" specimen. northern foot of Ruminahui." The next day after the violent storm, Whymper continued TEMPORAL DATA. January (10), February toward Cotopaxi through the plain of (9), March (2), April (1), May (4), June (4), Limpiopungo, noting "I found here, in great August (1), September (2), October (34) No­ numbers, a rather large beetle belonging to vember (16), December (28). the same tribe as our cockchafer" (Whymper collected some specimens that were part of the type series for Leucopelaea albescens [= P. lutescens]). Whymper also noted that the beetles were probably "emerging hindquar­ ters first from the sandy soil." The destruction 148 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 70. Platycoelia /utescens male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 149

44. Platycoelia gaujoni Ohaus, 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ 1904 face). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ (Fig. 71) beled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ Platycoeliagaujoni Ohaus, 1904 (valid name) face), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. Gaujoni Ohaus CATALOG. Platycoelia gaujoni, Ohaus (J." (typeface and handwritten), d) "PLATY­ 1904b:323, 339 [original description]; Ohaus COELIA GAUJONI OHAUS (J PARA­ 1908:405 [biology]; Ohaus 1909a:89, 97 [biol­ LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow ogy]; Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing]; label, handwritten and typeface). One male Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) "Equateur 1965:59 [catalog listing]; Machatschke Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus 1972:303 [catalog listing]; Paucar-Cabrera Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. and Smith 2002:440 [larval description]. Gaujoni Ohaus (J ExpI. typ." (typeface and handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia gaujoni ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) face). One male paralectotype at ZMHB la­ "Typus!" (red label, typeface), c) "Gaujoni beled a) "EquateurOr. De Bailon a Canelos Ohaus" (red label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ M.de Mathan IX-X-1894" (typeface), b) COELIA GAUJONI ORAUS (J LECTOTYPE "C.Bts. Obrth." (typeface), c) "(J" (typeface), d) AB.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten "Platycoelia Gaujoni Cotype Ohs." (handwrit­ and typeface). Lectotype here designated. ten), e) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI ORAUS See Methods and Materials section for a (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" statement of taxonomic purpose. One male (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Equateur male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Ec­ Loja Abbe Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Platycoelia uador Baron" (typeface), b) "(J" (typeface), c) Gaujoni Cotype Ohs." (orange label, hand­ "Platycoelia Gaujoni Cotype Ohs." (handwrit­ written), c) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI ten), d) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI OHAUS ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One face). One male paralectotype at ZMHB la­ male paralectotype at USNM labeled a) "Ec­ beled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" uador Baron" (typeface), b) "U.S.N.M. (typeface), b) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI ParatypeNo. 44524" (red label, typeface and ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH handwritten), c) "Ohaus determ. (J Platycoe­ 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ lia Gaujoni Ohs. Cotype" (typeface and hand­ face). Two male paralectotypes at ZMHB la­ written), d) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI beled a) "Ecuador Loja" (typeface), b) OHAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH "Platycoelia Gaujoni Cotype Ohs." (orange la­ 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ bel, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA face). The following two P. gaujoni paralecto­ GAUJONI OHAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE types from Colombia are now considered to be AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ P. pusilla. One male paralectotype at ZMHB ten and typeface). Seven male paralectotypes labeled a) "Columbia Popayan" (handwritten), at MNHN labeled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe b) "(J" (typeface), c) "Platycoelia gaujoni Gaujon" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." Cotype Oh." (orange label, handwritten), d) (typeface), c) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI OHAUS (J ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ low label, handwritten and typeface), e) face). One male paralectotype at MNHN la­ "PLATYCOELIA PUSILLA SMITH (J PARA­ beled a) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" TYPE" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (typeface), b) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI face). One male paralectotype at ZMHB ORAUS (J PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH labeled a) "Columbia" (typeface), b) "Platy- 150 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM coelia gaujoni Cotype Oh." (orange label, proximately 2.1 times length medially. Sur­ handwritten), c) "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI face weakly convex, sparsely to moderately ORAUS a PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH punctate; punctures moderately large, setose 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Tho­ face), d) "PLATYCOELIAPUSILLASMITH a rax densely setose (except sparsely setose PARATYPE" (yellow label, handwritten and medially), setae tawny. Mesothoracic process typeface). Ohaus (1904b) stated that there weakly produced, projecting anteriorly were about 40 specimens in the type series. weakly past mesocoxa; shape conical. Abdo­ The location of the remaining approximately men sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical spi­ 20 paralectotypes is unknown. Two male racles weakly extruding. Legs: Protibia with specimens at ISNB are labeled by Ohaus as 3 subequal in size teeth in apical half. 'cotype' but they were not collected until after Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. the original description of the species was Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ published and are not part of the original type shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical series. One female specimen labeled "Ecuador stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with Loja" had Ohaus' "Platycoelia Gaujoni Cotype internomedial, stridulatory tooth. Meso­ Ohs." label on it. Since Ohaus (1904b) had no tarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without in­ female specimens for the original description ternal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate this specimen is not part of the type series. cylindrical; with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. Type locality: Loja, Ecuador. Modified protarsal claw with length greater than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate DESCRIPTION. Male (n=39). Length 16.2- when compared with other claw, laterally flat­ 20.1 mm, width 9.2-10.3 mm. Color olive tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified green to lime green or dark yellow; elytral in­ mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated tervals 3 and 5 sometimes with weak, yellow, with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ longitudinal stripe; pronotum, scutellum, and talia: Parameres approximately 1.4 times elytron with yellow margin; metasternum longer than length of phallobase. Parameres with medial brown patch. Body ovate, convex. with apex rounded, weakly deflexed laterally. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely Female (n=4). Length 21.6-22.3 mm, punctate, clypeus rugose, punctures moder­ width 11.3-12.8 mm. As male except in the fol­ ate. Frons depressed. Frontoclypeal suture lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protar­ separated by approximately 4.8 transverse somere 5 without internal tooth. Modified eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thick­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae ened. tawny. Apex oflabrum with small, triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth separated from LARVAE. A Platycoelia gaujoni larva was apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region described by Paucar-Cabrera and Smith with 2 teeth, molar region with strong lamel­ (2002). The following diagnostic characters lae. Maxilla with 3 teeth. Mentum with were given: epipharynx with laeotorma apicomedial notch. Antenna 10-segmented; shorter than dexiotorma; mandible with three club approximately equal to other segments scissorial teeth; abdominal spiracles round. combined), slightly longer than length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moder­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ately punctate, with small and moderate from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, ab­ lia by the following combination of characters: sent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; length less than 23 mm; frons not depressed longitudinal striae weakly impressed, punc­ medioapically; frontoclypeal suture complete; tate; punctures moderate; intervals sparsely apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangular punctate, punctures small. Suture apically tooth not overlapping the mentum; mentum angled, without spine. Pygidium: Width ap- with a medial notch; antenna 10-segmented, MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 151

* Platycoelia gaujoni * Platycoelia pusilla o Platycoelia bordoni • Platycoelia parva

Fig. 71. Distribution of Platycoelia gaujoni, P. pusilla, P. bordoni, and P. parva in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. club longer than the other segments com­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 71). Occurs in the bined; elytral apices not capable of completely Andes Mountains of central and southern Ec­ covering the pygidium; apex of the elytral su­ uador. ture without an acute spine; metasternum with a dark medial patch; abdominal sterni­ BIOLOGY. Ohaus (1908, 1909a) recorded ob­ tes green to yellow; mesothoracic process pro­ servations of P. gaujoni larvae from Loja, Ec­ jecting apically past mesocoxa; apical uador. He stated that the larvae were found abdominal spiracle strongly protuberant; under fallen logs and that they feed on the mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ organic matter in the soil. out an internal tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not expanded. 152 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

LOCALITY DATA. 44 specimens examined pronotum, scutellum, and elytron margins from BMNH, HARC, ISNB, MGFT, MNHN, yellow; elytral intervals 3 and 5 with weak, SMTD, USNM, ZMHB, ZSMC. yellowish-green longitudinal stripes. Ventral surface yellow to light green, metasternum ECUADOR (42). LOJA (31): Loja, Ornillos Con­ olive green with large medial brown patch. dor, Villonaco. TUNGURAHUA (1): Banos. ZA­ Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface gla­ MORA CHINCHIPE (2): Zamora. NO DATA (8). brous. Frons densely punctate, clypeus rugopunctate. Frons not depressed. Fronto­ PERU (1). NO DATA (1). clypeal suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approximately No DATA (1). 5.3 transverse eye-widths. Labrum moder­ ately punctate, with moderately large, setose TEMPORAL DATA. August (1), September punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with (4), October (11). weak, triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth well separated from apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with medial notch. Antenna 9-seg­ 45. Platycoelia pusilla new mented; club slightly shorter than segments species 2-6, slightly shorter than frons. Pronotum: (Fig. 71) Surface glabrous, moderately to densely punc­ tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype and 11 weak laterally, absent apically and basally. male paratypes. Holotype male at USNM la­ Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae beled "Colombia Cald June 20 1940 weakly impressed, weakly punctate; punc­ Manizales," "FJOtoya Collr," and "F9026." tures moderate; intervals sparsely punctate. One male paratype at ZMHB labeled "Colum­ Sutural apex angled, without spine. Py­ bia Popayan," "0," "Platycoelia gaujoni gidium: Width approximately 1.8 times Cotype Oh.," and "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI length medially. Surface weakly convex, ORAUS 0 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH sparsely punctate; punctures moderate, se­ 2002." One male paratype at ZMHB labeled tose (along apical margin); setae tawny. Ven­ "Columbia," "Platycoelia gaujoni Cotype Oh.," ter: Thorax moderately setose (sparsely setose and "PLATYCOELIA GAUJONI OHAUS 0 medially), setae tawny. Mesothoracic process PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.8MITH 2002." One weakly projecting anteriorly past mesocoxa; male paratype at SMFD labeled "Columb. 82 shape conical. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae Lehmann 85," "NQ 104.," and "Det. F. Ohaus tawny. Apical spiracles extruding, cylindrical. 1908 Platycoelia gaujoni Ohs." Two male Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in size teeth in paratypes at SMFD, two male paratypes at apical half. Mesotibia and metatibia widest UNSM, and one male paratype at ABTS la­ apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, beled "Columb. 82 Lehmann 85" and "NQ cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with weak, api­ 104." One male paratype at ZMHB labeled cal stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with "Columb. 82 Lehmann 85," "NQ 104.," and internomedial tooth. Mesotarsomere and "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia gaujoni Ohs." One metatarsomere 5 without internal swelling. male paratype at ABTS labeled "Columbia Prounguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 sub­ Pasco del Amindin." One male paratype at apical setae. Mesounguitractor plate, meta­ MNHN labeled "N. Grenade," "Ex-MuSffiO unguitractor plate cylindrical; with 1 apical, Mniszech," "Ohaus determ. Platycoelia spec. 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with prope chrysotina, mihi ignota," and "Dr length approximately equal to protarsomere Ohaus Vidit 1903." Type locality: Manizales, 5, greatly thickened and elongate when com­ Caldas, Colombia. pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified HOLOTYPE. Male: length 16.7 mm, width mesotarsal and metatarsal claw elongate, 8.3 mm. Color of dorsal surface olive green; with weak ventral tooth, not thickened. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 153

VARIATION. Male (n=U). Length 15.2-19.5 46. Platycoelia bordoni Martinez, mm, width 8.4-10.2 mm. Female: unknown. 1976 The paratypes differ from the holotype in the (Fig. 71) following respects. Color sometimes yellow. Head: Antenna sometimes appearing IO-seg­ Platycoelia bordoni Martinez, 1976 (valid mented. Additional characters as follows. name) Head: Mandibular scissorial region with two CATALOG. Platycoelia bordoni, Martinez teeth, molar region with weakly developed 1976:333, 338 [original description]; Smith lamellae. Maxilla with 3 apical teeth, middle and Paucar-Cabrera 2000:412 [comment on tooth bifurcate. Male Genitalia: Phallobase morphology]. approximately 1.5 times longer than length of parameres. Paramere with apex rounded. TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia bordoni Martinez holotype male at MACN labeled a) ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia pusilla is derived "COLOMBIA DQ Huila Vn. Purace, 3400 m C. from Latin meaning "the tiny Platycoelia." Bordon - leg. ColI. Martinez 20-XII-71" on upperside "vegetacian de bosque nebular" on DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished underside (handwritten), b) "HOLOTYPUS" from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ (red label, typeface), c) "Platycoelia bordoni (J lia by the following combination of characters: sp. nov. A MARTINEZ-DET.I972" (red label, length less than 20 mm; frons not depressed handwritten and typeface), d) "PLATYCOE­ medioapically; frontoclypeal suture complete; LIA BORDONI MARTINEZ (J HOLOTYPE" apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangular (red label, handwritten and typeface). One tooth not overlapping the mentum; mentum male paratype at HAHC labeled a) "COLOM­ with a medial notch; antenna 9-segmented BIA DQ Huila VI! Purace, 3400 m C. Bordon - (sometimes appearing IO-segmented), club leg. ColI. Martinez 20-XII-71" on upperside not longer than other segments combined; "vegetacian de bosque nebular" on underside elytral apices not capable of completely cov­ (handwritten), b) "H. & A. HOWDEN COL­ ering the pygidium; apex of the elytral suture LECTION ex. A. Martinez colI." (typeface), c) without an acute spine; metasternum with a "PARATIPO" (typeface), d) "Platycoelia dark medial patch; abdominal sternites green bordoni (J sp. nov. A MARTINEZ-DET.I972" to yellow; mesothoracic process projecting (handwritten and typeface), e) "PLATYCOE­ apically past the mesocoxa; apical abdominal LIA BORDONI MARTINEZ (J PARATYPE" spiracle strongly protuberant; mesotarsomere (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an internal Martinez (1976) based his description on the tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not holotype and one paratype. Type locality: expanded. Volcan Purace, Huila, Colombia.

DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 71). Known from the DESCRIPTION. Male (n=4). Length 19.4- Andes Mountains of central to southern Co­ 21.2 mm, width IO.8-U.8 mm. Color olive lombia. green or brownish-yellow; elytral intervals 3 and 5 sometimes with weak, yellow, longitu­ LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined dinal stripe; elytron with yellow margin; from MNHN, SMFD, USNM, ZMHB. metasternum with medial, light brown patch; abdominal sternites olive green to brownish­ COLOMBIA (12). CALDAS (1): Manizales. yellow. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ CAUCA (1): Popayan. NARINO (1): Pasto. NO face glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus DATA (9). rugose, punctures moderate. Frons not de­ pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. TEMPORAL DATA. June (1). Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes separated by approximately 3.8 transverse eye-widths. 154 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Labrum densely punctate, with moderately lar tooth not overlapping mentum; mentum large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of with a medial notch; antenna 9-segmented or labrum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of 10-segmented, club not longer than other seg­ tooth well separated from apex of mentum. ments combined; elytral apices not capable of Mentum with apicomedial notch. Antenna 9- completely covering the pygidium; apex of the segmented or 10-segmented; club slightly elytral suture without an acute spine; metast­ longer than segments 2-7 (2-6 in 9-segmented ernum moderately setose, with a dark medial individuals), slightly longer than length of patch; abdominal sternites green to yellow; frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moder­ mesothoracic process projecting apically past ately punctate, with moderate punctures. the mesocoxa; apical abdominal spiracle Marginal bead weak laterally, absent else­ strongly protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 and where. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudi­ metatars om ere 5 without an internal tooth; nal striae weakly impressed, punctate; parameres with the apex rounded, not ex­ punctures moderate; intervals sparsely punc­ panded. tate, punctures small. Suture apically angled, without spine. Pygidium: Width approxi­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 71). Volcan Purace, mately 1.9 times length medially. Surface Colombia is the only known area where this weakly convex, sparsely punctate (near apex); species occurs. punctures moderately large, setose; setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined (except sparsely setose medially), setae from HAHC, MACN. tawny. Mesothoracic process weakly pro­ duced, projecting anteriorly weakly past COLOMBIA (4). CAUCA (1): Volcan Purace. mesocoxa; shape conical. Abdomen sparsely HUILA (3): Volcan Purace. setose, setae tawny. Apical 2 spiracles extrud­ ing, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia with 3 TEMPORAL DATA. December (4). subequal in size teeth in apical half. Mesotibia and meta tibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ 47. Platycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical (Figs. 23, 32, 35, 71) stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with inter­ nomedial tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatar­ Platycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 (valid name) somere 5 without internal tooth or swelling. Platycoelia nigricauda Bates, 1891 (junior Unguitractor plate cylindrical; with 1 apical, synonym) 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with CATALOG. Platycoelia parva, Kirsch length greater than protarsomere 5, thick­ 1885:222 [original description]; Ohaus ened and elongate when compared with other 1904b:325, 328, 330, 339, 341 [redescription]; claw, laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifur­ Ohaus 1918:177 [catalog listing]; Blackwelder cate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke 1965:59 claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ [catalog listing]; Machatschke 1972:303 [cata­ ened. Male Genitalia: Parameres approxi­ log listing]; Onore 1997:280 [entomophagy]; mately 1.4 times longer than length of Smith and Paucar-Cabrera 2000:412 [com­ phallobase. Parameres with apex rounded. ment on morphology]. Female: unknown. Platycoelia nigricauda, Bates 1891b:30 [original description]; Whymper 1892: 138 [bi­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ology]; Ohaus 1904b:327, 339, 341 [redescrip­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ tion]; Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog listing]; lia by the following combination of characters: Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist]; Machatschke length greater than 19 mm; frons depressed 1965:59 [catalog listing]; Machatschke medioapically; frontoclypeal suture complete; 1972:303 [catalog listing]; Smith and Paucar­ apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangu- Cabrera 2000:412 [comment on morphology]. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 155

Callichloris nigricauda, Arrow 1899:369 der, handwritten and typeface), b) "Ecuador [new combination, comment on morphologyJ. (Whymper)" (handwritten), c) "92-24." (type­ Pelidnota nigricauda (=Platycoelia face), d) "Platycoelia nigricauda Bates" (type­ nigricauda, lapsus calami), Onore 1997:279, face), e) "PLATYCOELIA NIGRICAUDA 280 [biology, entomophagyJ. BATES PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia parva face), f) "Platycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 9 Kirsch lectotype male at SMTD labeled a) Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Bates "Ecuador 5032" (green label, handwritten), b) (1891b) had four specimens in his original "Typus!" (pink label, typeface), c) "Platycoelia type series. The location ofthe one remaining parva Kirsch" (handwritten), d) "PLATYCOE­ paralectotype is unknown. Bates (1891b) also LIA PARVA KIRSCH a LECTOTYPE AB.T. mentioned a fifth "immature" specimen from SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and Antisana. This specimen is excluded from the typeface), e) "parva Kirsch 85" (green label, type series because it is distinguished as a handwritten). Lectotype here designated. "variety," and the current location of this See Methods and Materials section for a specimen is unknown. The type specimens of statement of taxonomic purpose. One female P. nigricauda did not have any unique char­ paralectotype at SMTD labeled a) "Paramo acter states from the specimens of P. parva; Bord oncillo 3300" (handwritten), b) "5034" therefore I am synonymizing the two names. (green label, handwritten), c) "PLATYCOE­ The form of the mouthparts and size of these LIA PARVA KIRSCH 9 PARALECTOTYPE specimens are somewhat variable, but I could AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ not find consistent patterns between popula­ ten and typeface). Kirsch (1885) did not state tions. Whether these differences are intraspe­ how many specimens were in the original type cific traits or interspecific character states series, but Ohaus (1904b) speculated that remains an unanswered question. More speci­ there were more than the two detailed above. mens will have to be studied in order to de­ The existence and location of other paralec­ termine the precise limits ofthe species. Type totypes are unknown. Type locality: Ecuador. locality: Volcan Cotopaxi, Ecuador. NEW Platycoelia nigricauda Bates lectotype SYNONYMY. male at MNHN labeled a) "Cotopaxi 12000ft." (handwritten), b) "Platycoelia nigricauda DESCRIPTION. Male (n=96). Length 18.9- Bates" (handwritten), c) "Ex-Musffio H.W. 23.0 mm, width 10.7-12.6 mm. Color olive BATES 1892" (typeface), d) "Dr Ohaus Vidit green to lime green or brownish-yellow (some­ 1903." (typeface), e) "PLATYCOELIA NIGRI­ times darkened to brownish-green); elytral CAUDA BATES a LECTOTYPE A.B.T. intervals 3 and 5 sometimes with weak, yel­ SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and low, longitudinal stripe; elytron with yellow typeface), f) "Platycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 a margin; metasternum, abdominal sternites Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype sometimes with brown to black patches. Body here designated. See Methods and Materi­ ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. als section for a statement of taxonomic pur­ Frons densely punctate, clypeus rugose, punc­ pose. One female paralectotype at MNHN tures moderate. Frons depressed. Frontocly­ labeled a) "Cotopaxi Ecuador. 12000 feet. Ed. peal suture complete. Clypeal apex rounded. Whymper." (handwritten and typeface), b) Eyes separated by approximately 5.7 trans­ "Ex-Musffio H.W.BATES 1892" (typeface), c) verse eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) "PLATY­ with moderately large, setose punctures, se­ COELIA NIGRICAUDA BATES 9 PARA­ tae tawny. Apex of labrum with triangular, LECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow medial tooth, apex of tooth separated from label, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoe­ apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region lia parva Kirsch, 1885 9 Det:AB.T.Smith with 2 teeth, molar region with strong lamel­ 2002" (typeface). One paralectotype at BMNH lae. Maxilla with 3 teeth. Mentum with labeled a) "Co-Type" (round label with red bor- apicomedial notch. Antenna 10-segmented 156 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

(sometimes 9-segmented); club slightly longer apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangular than segments 2-7 (2-6 in 9-segmented indi­ tooth not overlapping the mentum; mentum viduals), slightly longer than length of frons. with a medial notch; antenna 9-segmented or Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moderately to 10-segmented, club not longer than other seg­ sparsely punctate, with moderate punctures. ments combined; elytral apices not capable of Marginal bead weak laterally, absent else­ completely covering the pygidium; apex of where. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudi­ elytral suture without an acute spine; metast­ nal striae weakly impressed, punctate; ernum densely setose; abdominal sternites punctures moderate; intervals sparsely punc­ green to yellow; mesothoracic process pro­ tate, punctures small. Suture apically angled, jecting apically past the mesocoxa; apical ab­ without spine. Pygidium: Width approxi­ dominal spiracle strongly protuberant; mately 1. 7 times length medially. Surface mesotarsomere 5 and metatars om ere 5 with­ weakly convex, sparsely punctate to moder­ out an internal tooth; parameres with the ately punctate; punctures moderately large, apex rounded, not expanded. setose (near apex); setae short, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose (except sparsely setose DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 71). Occurs mainly in medially), setae tawny. Mesothoracic process the Andes Mountains of Ecuador. weakly produced, projecting anteriorly weakly past mesocoxa; shape conical. Abdo­ BIOLOGY. Whymper (1892) and Onore men sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical spi­ (1997) made a few observations on the biology racles extruding, cylindrical. Legs: Protibia of this species (as P. nigricauda). It is found with 3 subequal in size teeth in apical half. in similar sandy-soil paramo habitats as P. Mesotibia and meta tibia widest medially. lutescens but can also be found at higher el­ Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ evations. The mass emergence of adults coin­ shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical cides with thunderstorms during the rainy stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with season generally from November to February internomedial tooth. Mesotarsomere and (as with P.lutescens). metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth or swelling. Unguitractor plate cylindrical; with LOCALITY DATA. 121 specimens examined 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal from AMNH, BMNH, CASC, CMNH, HARC, claw with length greater than protarsomere ISNB, LACM, MGFT, MNHN, QCAZ, SMFD, 5, thickened and elongate when compared SMTD, VMCP, ZMHB. with other claw, laterally flattened, apex un­ evenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and COLOMBIA (1). NO DATA (1). metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Genitalia: Para­ ECUADOR (117). AZUAY (2): EI Cajas. meres approximately 1.4 times longer than CANAR (2): Shical. BOLIVAR (3): Cashca length ofphallobase (Fig. 32). Parameres with Totoras, Chimborazo Pass. CARCHI (1): EI apex rounded (Fig. 23). Angel. CHIMBORAZO (2): Volcan Chim­ Female (n=25). Length 20.0-26.7 mm, borazo. COTOPAXI (8): Latacunga, width 11.6-14.1 mm. As male except in the fol­ Razuyacu, Ruminahui, Volcan Cotopaxi. lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without LOJA (6): Loja. NAPO (40): Antisana, internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ Oyacachi, Papallacta, Salcedo-Tena Road (km mere 5 without internal tooth. Modified pro­ 139). MORONA SANTIAGO (1): Macas. tarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. PICHINCHA (29): Al6ag, EI Chaupi, La Cocha, Papallacta (12 km NW), Pasochoa, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished Quito, Volcan Antisana. TUNGURAHUA (7): from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Banos, Volcan Chimborazo. NO DATA (16). lia by the following combination of characters: length greater than 19 mm; frons depressed PERU (1). NO DATA (1). medioapically; frontoclypeal suture complete; MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 157

No DATA (2). vex; disc with base impunctate, apex sparsely One specimen labeled "Guirocoba, punctate, punctures moderate, setose (near Sonora, ME X" was considered to have no apex); setae long, reddish-brown. Venter: Tho­ data. This locality is far out of the known rax densely setose, setae reddish-brown. Me­ range ofthe genus Platycoelia. sothoracic process weakly projecting anteriorly past mesocoxa; shape conical, apex TEMPORAL DATA. January (3), February rounded. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae red­ (40), March (1), May (1), August (1), Septem­ dish-brown. Apical spiracles not extruding. ber (1), October (9), November (11). Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; api­ cal 2 teeth subequal in size, third tooth obso­ lete. Mesotibia and metatibia widest apically. 48. Platycoelia furva new species Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ (Fig. 72) shaped. Protarsomere 4 with weak, apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with inter­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female nal stridulatory surface. Mesotarsomere and allotype and 2 male paratypes. Holotype male metatarsomere 5 without internal swelling. and allotype female at QCAZ and one male Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 2 apical paratype atABTS labeled "ECUADORXII-86 setae. Modified protarsal claw with length BOLIVAR TOTORAS Legit L. COLOMA." approximately equal to protarsomere 5, One male paratype at UNSM labeled "ECUA­ greatly thickened and elongate when com­ DOR XII86 BOLIVAR TOTORAS Legit L. pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ COLOMA." Type locality: Cashca Totoras, tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified Azuay, Ecuador. mesotarsal and metatarsal claw elongate, with weak ventral tooth, not thickened. Male HOLOTYPE. Male: length 21.8 mm, width Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1.4 11.9 mm. Color of dorsal surface yellowish­ times longer than length of parameres. green; dark brown maculations on frons, Paramere with apex rounded. pronotum, and covering most of elytron (espe­ cially apically, laterally). Ventral surface ALLOTYPE. Female: length 25.7 mm, width black. Body ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal sur­ 15.0 mm. As holotype except in the following face glabrous. Frons rugopunctate, clypeus respects. Color of elytron almost entirely dark rugose. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal brown. Legs: Protibia with 3 distinct teeth in suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly apical half. Protarsomeres unknown (missing rounded. Eyes separated by approximately from this specimen). 2.9 transverse eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with moderately large, setose punc­ VARIATION. Male (n=2). Length 23.3-23.5 tures, setae reddish-brown. Apex of labrum mm, width 12.9-13.4 mm. Female: known with triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth only from allotype. The paratypes to not dif­ well separated from apex of mentum. Apex of fer significantly from the holotype. mentum with medial notch. Antenna 10-seg­ mented; club approximately equal to seg­ ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia furva means "the ments 2-7, slightly longer than clypeus. dark-colored Platycoelia" referring to the ap­ Pronotum: Surface glabrous, densely punc­ pearance of this species. tate, with small and moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, absent apically DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longi­ from all other species in the genus Platycoelia tudinal striae weakly impressed, punctate, by the following combination of characters: punctures moderate. Sutural apex angled, color mainly dark brown to black; frontocly­ without spine. Pygidium: Width approxi­ peal suture complete; apex ofthe labrum with mately 1. 7 times length medially. Surface con- a reduced, triangular tooth not overlapping 158 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

~tycoelia furva • Platycoelia quadrilineata * Platycoelia signaticollis 0 Platycoelia ignota I + Platycoelia aenigma

country o record only

country + record only

Fig. 72. Distribution of Platycoelia turva, P. quadrilineata, P. signaticollis, P. ignota, and P. aenigma in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

the mentum; mentum with a medial notch, base DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 72). Cashca Totoras, medially depressed; antenna lO-segmented, Ecuador is the only known locality for this club not longer than other segments com­ species. bined; elytral apices not capable of completely covering the pygidium; apex ofthe elytral su­ LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined ture without an acute spine; mesothoracic from QCAZ. process projecting apically past the mesocoxa; apical abdominal spiracle not protuberant; ECUADOR (4). BOLIVAR (4): Cashca Totoras. mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ out an internal tooth; parameres with the TEMPORAL DATA. November (1), Decem­ apex rounded, not expanded. ber (3). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 159

49. Platycoelia quadrilineata (1844) did not state how many specimens Burmeister, 1844 were in the type series (which was from the (Fig. 72) Buquet collection). The existence and location of other paralectotypes are unknown. Type Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 1844 locality: Bogota, Colombia. (valid name) CATALOG. Platycoelia quadrilineata, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=55). Length 20.8- Burmeister 1844:454 [original description); 27.1 mm, width 10.9-15.0 mm. Color of dorsal Blanchard 1851:227 [catalog listing); surface olive green to lime green or dark yel­ Burmeister 1855:525 [key to species of Platycoe­ low (sometimes darkened to brownish-green); lia); Lacordaire 1856:372 [distribution); Harold pronotum often with dark maculations; 1869:1230 [catalog listing); Ohaus 1904b:329, elytral intervals 3, 5, and 7 sometimes with 331, 339 [redescription); Ohaus 1908:405 [dis­ weak, yellow, longitudinal stripe; pronotum, tribution); Ohaus 1918: 177 [catalog listing); scutellum, and elytron with yellow margin. Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist); Machatschke Ventral surface olive green to reddish-brown, 1965:59 [catalog listing); Machatschke metasternum sometimes with medial brown 1972:303 [catalog listing]. patch. Body ovate, strongly convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons densely punc­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia quadrilin­ tate, clypeus rugopunctate, punctures moder­ eata Burmeister lectotype male at MLUH la­ ate. Frons depressed. Frontoclypeal suture beled a) "4-lineata Buq. Columbo Bgt." (green complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. Eyes label, handwritten), b) "PLATYCOELIA separated by approximately 4.0 transverse QUADRILINEATA BURMEISTER (j AB.T. eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with SMITH 2002 LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ moderately large, setose punctures, setae written and typeface), c) "MLU Halle WB tawny. Apex oflabrum with small, triangular, Zoologie S.-Nr. T.-Nr. 8/3/10" (typeface and medial tooth, apex of tooth well separated handwritten). Lectotype here designated. from apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial See Methods and Materials section for a region with 2 teeth, molar region with strong statement of taxonomic purpose. One male lamellae. Maxilla with 3 teeth, 2 inner teeth paralectotype at MLUH labeled a) "PLATY­ bifurcate. Mentum with apicomedial notch. COELIA QUADRILINEATA BURMEISTER Antenna 10-segmented; club approximately (j PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.8MITH 2002" equal to segments 2-7, slightly longer than (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), b) length of frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, "MLU Halle WB Zoologie S.-Nr. T.-Nr. 8/3/10" moderately punctate, with small and moder­ (typeface and handwritten). One male ate punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "11466" absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface glabrous; (typeface), b) "Type" (orange label, typeface), longitudinal striae weakly impressed, punc­ c) "quadrilineata (Buq*) Burm. Bogota Buq." tate; punctures moderate with dark colora­ (green label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOE­ tion; intervals sparsely punctate, punctures LIA QUADRILINEATA BURMEISTER (j small. Suture apically angled, without spine. PARALECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yel­ Pygidium: Width approximately 1.8 times low label, handwritten and typeface). One length medially. Surface convex, disc male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) impunctate (sparsely punctate near apex); "11466" (handwritten), b) "PLATYCOELIA punctures moderately large, setose; setae QUADRILINEATA BURMEISTER (j PARA­ short, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose LECTOTYPE AB.T.SMITH 2002" (yellow la­ (except moderately setose medially), setae bel, handwritten and typeface). The accession cream colored. Mesothoracic process weakly number 11466 on the two paralectotype at the produced, projecting anteriorly weakly past ZMHB indicates the two specimens mesocoxa; shape conical. Abdomen sparsely accessioned from the Buquet Collection col­ setose, setae cream colored. Apical spiracles lected near Bogota, Colombia. Burmeister not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal 160 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM in size teeth in apical half. Mesotibia and HAHC, INBC, LACM, MGFT, MIZA, MLUH, metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2- MNHN, NMPC, QCAZ, SMFD, UNSM, 4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere USNM, VMCP, ZMHB, ZMUH. 4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with internomedial, stridula­ COLOMBIA (17). CALDAS 0): Manizales. tory tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarso­ CAUCA (1): No Data. DISTRITO CAPITAL mere 5 without internal tooth or swelling. (6): Bogota. NORTE DE SANTANDER (5): Unguitractor plate cylindrical; with 1 apical, Cerro Oroque. NO DATA (4). 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with length greater than protarsomere 5, thick­ ECUADOR (96). AZUAY (41): Gima. BOLIVAR ened and elongate when compared with other (4): Cashca Totoras. CANAR (2): El Tambo. claw, laterally flattened, apex unevenly bifur­ CARCHI (3): Impuera. CHIMBORAZO (1): cate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal Parque Nacional Shangay. COTOPAXI (3): claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thick­ Estaci6n El Bolche, Volcan Cotopaxi. LOJA ened. Male Genitalia: Parameres approxi­ (1): Loja. MORONA SANTIAGO (3): Macas. mately 1.1 times longer than length of NAPO (12): Papallacta. PICHINCHA (15): phallobase. Parameres with apex rounded, Al6ag, La Cocha, Lloa, Machachi, Papallacta weakly deflexed laterally. 02 km NW), Quito, San Juan. TUNGU­ Female (n=60). Length 25.2-32.8 mm, RAHUA (2): Ambato, Cevallos. NO DATA (8). width 14.2-17.5 mm. As male except in the fol­ lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 4 without No DATA (3). internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ mere 5 without internal tooth. Modified TEMPORAL DATA. February (6), March (7), protarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thick­ April (4), May (1), June (51), September (2), ened. October (2), November (12).

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ 50. Platycoelia rufosignata Ohaus, lia by the following combination of characters: 1904 color mainly green, pronotum with dark (Figs. 33, 73) maculations; frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangu­ Platycoelia rufosignata Ohaus, 1904 (valid lar tooth not overlapping the mentum; men­ name) tum with a medial notch, base medially CATALOG. Platycoelia rufosignata, Ohaus depressed; antenna 10-segmented, club not 1904b:331, 339 [original description]; Ohaus longer than other segments combined; elytral 1908:405 [distribution]; Ohaus 1918:178 apices not capable of completely covering the [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 pygidium; apex of the elytral suture without [checklist]; Ohaus 1952:8 [distribution]; an acute spine; mesothoracic process project­ Machatschke 1965:59 [catalog listing]; ing apically past the mesocoxa; apical abdomi­ Machatschke 1972:303 [catalog listing]; nal spiracle not protuberant; mesotarsomere Onore 1997:280 [entomophagy]. 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an internal tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not TYPE SPECIMENS. Platycoelia rufosignata expanded. Ohaus lectotype male at MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 72). Andes Mountains (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ from the eastern cordillera in Colombia face), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. Oberthiiri Ohs. a. through to southern Ecuador. Type" (typeface and handwritten), d) "PLATY­ COELIA RUFOSIGNATA OHAUS a LECTO­ LOCALITY DATA. 115 specimens examined TYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red label, from AMNH, ANSP, BMNH, CMNH, CNCI, handwritten and typeface). Lectotype here MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 161 designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ Ohs." (orange label, handwritten), d) "PLATY­ tion for a statement of taxonomic purpose. COELIA RUFOSIGNATA OHAUS 9 PARA­ One male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) LECTOTYPE DET: A.B.T.SMITH 2002" "Bolivie Prov.Cochabamba P.Germain 1889" (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), e) (typeface), b) " Oberthiiri Ohaus" (red label, "Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 1844 9 handwritten), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (type­ Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (typeface). One fe­ face), d) "PLATYCOELIA RUFOSIGNATA male paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "Ec­ OHAUS eJ PARALECTOTYPE DET: A.B.T. uador Baron" (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and "Platycoelia rufosignata Type Ohs." (orange typeface). Two male paralectotypes at MNHN label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA labeled a) "Bolivie Provo Cochabamba P. RUFOSIGNATA OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ Germain 1889" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus Vidit TYPE DET: A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow la­ 1903." (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. bel, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia Oberthiiri Ohs. eJ. Type." (typeface and hand­ quadrilineata Burmeister, 18449 Det: A.B.T. written), d) "PLATYCOELIA RUFOSIGNATA Smith 2002" (typeface). One female para­ OHAUS eJ PARALECTOTYPE DET: A.B.T. lectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "ColI.Nonfried SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and Columbia." (typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) typeface). Two female paralectotypes at "Platycoelia rufosignata Cotype Ohs." (orange MNHN labeled a) "Bolivie Provo Cochabamba label, handwritten), d) "PLATYCOELIA P.Germain 1889" (typeface), b) "Dr Ohaus RUFOSIGNATA OHAUS 9 PARALECTO­ Vidit 1903." (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. TYPE DET: A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow la­ Oberthiiri Ohs. 9. Type." (typeface and hand­ bel, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia written), d) "PLATYCOELIA RUFOSIGNATA quadrilineata Burmeister, 18449 Det: A.B.T. OHAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE DET: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (typeface). Ohaus (1904b) did not SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and specify how many specimens were in the type typeface). The following paralectotypes from series. The existence and location of additional Colombia and Ecuador are specimens of P. paralectotypes are unknown. One specimen at quadrilineata. One female paralectotype at ZMHB labeled "Quito Pichincha" also has one MNHN labeled a) "R. Macas Equador" (type­ of Ohaus' orange cotype labels. Since this lo­ face), b) "Ex-MuSEeo H.W. BATES 1892" (type­ cality was not mentioned in the original de­ face), c) "Dr Ohaus Vidit 1903." (typeface), d) scription, I consider this specimen not to be "Ohaus determ. PI. Oberthiiri Ohs. 9. Type." part ofthe type series. In 1903, Ohaus labeled (typeface and handwritten), e) "PLATYCOE­ all the specimens at MNHN as "Platycoelia LIA RUFOSIGNATA OHAUS 9 PARA­ Oberthiiri." He apparently changed his mind LECTOTYPE DET: A.B.T. SMITH 2002" about the name between then and when the (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), f) original description was published in 1904. "Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 1844 9 The name "Platycoelia Oberthiiri" has never Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). One female been mentioned in any publication. One speci­ paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "ECUA­ men (of P. paucarae) at MNHN has the labels DOR Macas 1300m. E. Feyer S." (typeface), b) "Equateur Loja Abbe Gaujon" and "Ohaus "Platycoelia rufosignata Cotype Ohs." (orange determ. Platycoelia Oberthiiri Ohaus 9 Type." label, handwritten), c) "Ecuador Quito­ Since Loja was not mentioned in the original de­ guapula Pamasqui" (handwritten), d) e) scription, this specimen is not part of the origi­ "PLATYCOELIA RUFOSIGNATA ORAUS 9 nal type series for P. rufosignata. Type locality: PARALECTOTYPE DET:A.B.T.8MITH 2002" Cochabamba, Bolivia. (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), f) "Platycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 18449 DESCRIPTION. Male (n=6). Length 24.8- Det: A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). One female 27.5 mm, width 12.6-13.9 mm. Color of dorsal paralectotype at ZMHB labeled a) "O.ECUA­ surface olive green; pronotum often with dark DOR Macas E. Feyer S." (typeface), b) "9" maculations; elytral intervals 3, 5, and 7 some­ (typeface), c) "Platycoelia rufosignata Cotype times with weak, yellow, longitudinal stripe; 162 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

pronotum, scutellum, and elytron sometimes talia: Parameres approximately 1.3 times with yellow margin. Ventral surface olive longer than length of phallobase. Parameres green to reddish-brown. Body ovate, strongly with apex rounded, weakly deflexed laterally. convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons Female (n=17). Length 25.6-34.0 mm, densely punctate, clypeus rugose, punctures width 14.1-17.6 mm. As male except in the fol­ moderate. Frons not depressed. Frontoclypeal lowing respects. Legs: Protarsomere 3-4 without suture complete. Clypeal apex broadly rounded. internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere Eyes separated by approximately 4.4 trans­ 5 without internal tooth. Modified protarsal verse eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. with moderately large, setose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with small, triangular, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished medial tooth, apex oftooth separated from apex from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ of mentum. Mandibular scissorial region with lia by the following combination of characters: 1 tooth, molar region with strong lamellae. color mainly green, pro no tum with dark Maxilla with 3 teeth, inner 2 teeth bifurcate. maculations; frontoclypeal suture complete; Mentum with apicomedial notch, basomedially apex of the labrum with a reduced, triangu­ with two deep impressions on either side of mid­ lar tooth not overlapping the mentum; men­ line (Fig. 33). Antenna 10-segmented; club ap­ tum with a medial notch, base with deep pits proximately equal to segments 2-7, slightly on either side of the midline; antenna 10-seg­ shorter than length of frons. Pronotum: Sur­ mented, club not longer than the other seg­ face glabrous, densely punctate, with small ments combined; elytral apices not capable of and moderate punctures. Marginal bead weak completely covering the pygidium; apex ofthe laterally, absent elsewhere. Elytron: Surface elytral suture without an acute spine; me­ glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly im­ sothoracic process projecting apically past the pressed, punctate; punctures moderate; inter­ mesocoxa; apical abdominal spiracle not pro­ vals moderately punctate, punctures small. tuberant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarso­ Suture apically angled, without spine. Pygi­ mere 5 without an internal tooth; parameres dium: Width approximately 2.0 times length with the apex rounded, not expanded. medially. Surface weakly convex, disc impunc­ tate (sparsely punctate near apex); punctures DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Andes Mountains moderately large, setose; setae short, tawny. from southern Peru to central Bolivia. Venter: Thorax densely setose (except moder­ ately setose medially), setae tawny. Mesotho­ LOCALITY DATA. 23 specimens examined racic process weakly produced, projecting from BMNH, CMNH, HAHC, MCZC, MGFT, anteriorly weakly past mesocoxa; shape coni­ MNHN, ZMHB, ZSMC. cal. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia PERU (4). APURIMAC (2): Abancay, No Data. with 3 subequal in size teeth in apical half. JUNIN (1): Tarma. NO DATA (1). Mesotibia and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. BOLIVIA (18). COCHABAMBA (7): Incachaca, Protarsomere 3-4 with internoapical stridula­ No Data. LAPAZ (10): Cuticucho, La Paz. NO tory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with internomedial, DATA (1). stridulatory tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatar­ somere 5 without internal tooth. Unguitractor No DATA (1). plate cylindrical; with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. One specimen labeled "Chile Puerto Modified protarsal claw with length greater Arturo" was considered to have no data. This than protarsomere 5, thickened and elongate locality is far out of the known range of the when compared with other claw, laterally flat­ genus Platycoelia. tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated TEMPORAL DATA. April (1), May (1), De­ with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni- cember (7). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 163

o AJo o :+ *

• Platycoelia rufosignata o Platycoelia insolita * Platycoelia kirschi * Platycoelia baessleri * Platycoelia bocki * Platycoelia aZticola A Platycoelia inca + Platycoelia haenkei # Platycoelia ZaeZaps

Fig. 73. Distribution of P/atycoelia rufosignata, P. insolita, P. kirschi, P. baess/eri, P. bocki, P. altico/a, P. inca, P. haenkei, and P. /ae/aps in Peru and Bolivia.

51. Platycoelia insolita new and "Univ.Maryland-SEL:SMF Expedition." species Allotype female at USNM labeled "PERU: (Figs. 73, 74) Cuseo; Maehupieehu 2040 meters 16-Feb- 1978" and "Univ.Maryland-SEL:SMF Expedi­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female tion." One male paratype at ABTS labeled allotype and 33 paratypes (26 male, 7 female). "PERU:Cuseo; 40 km West ofPilcopata 20 Jan Holotype male at USNM labeled "PERU: 1979" and "Univ.Maryland-SEL:SMF Expedi­ Cuseo; 40 km West ofPilcopata 13-Feb-1978" tion." Eleven male and one female paratypes 164 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

at LACM, one male and one female paratypes Marginal bead weak laterally, absent apically at ABTS, one male and one female paratypes and basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longi­ at UNSM, one male paratype at BCRC, and tudinal striae weakly impressed, weakly one male paratype at MLJC labeled "La punctate; punctures moderate; intervals Merced Chanchamayo, PERU colI. E.G. impunctate. Suture with distinct, apical Smyth." Two male and one female paratypes spine. Pygidium: Width approximately 2.1 at LACM labeled "Chanchamayo, PERU colI. times length medially. Surface weakly convex, E.G. Smyth." One male paratype at LACM moderately to densely punctate (medially labeled "PERU:Hwinuco Dept. Chanchamayo impunctate); punctures moderate, setose; se­ (no date) E.G.Smyth." One male paratype at tae long, reddish-yellow. Venter: Thorax ABTS labeled "PERU: Cusco; Buenos Aires, densely setose, setae reddish-yellow. Me­ 53 km.W. Pilcopata 2280 meters 3-6 XII 79 sothoracic process weakly projecting anteri­ J.B.Heppner lower montane wet." One male orly past mesocoxa, cylindrical. Abdomen paratype at CASC labeled "Peru" and "L.W. sparsely setose; setae long, reddish-yellow. Saylor Collection." One female paratype at Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia ABTS labeled "Vitoc, 1400 to 1800M XI-2-40" with 1 apical tooth. Mesotibia and metatibia and "ColI. of Bob Potts." One male paratype widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than at MNHN labeled "Chancha-mayo," "Ex. long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with api­ MUSffiO H. W. Bates 1892," "Ohaus determ. PI. cal stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without Helleri Ohaus cr," "Dr Ohaus vidit 1903," and internal tooth. Mesotarsomere and meta­ "CALLI CHLORIS HELLERI OHAUS cr tarsomere 5 without internal swelling or PARALECTOTYPE A. B. T. Smith 2002." One tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 female paratype at ZMHB labeled "Peru apical, 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal Urubamba Bar S.," "9," and "Platycoelia claw with length approximately equal to nigricauda Ohs." Two male and one female protarsomere 5, greatly thickened and elon­ paratypes at CASC and one male paratype at gate when compared with other claw, dors­ HAHC labeled "Chanchamayo Peru E.G. oventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Smyth." One male paratype at UCDC labeled Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws "Tarma, Peru Mar. 3. 1962" and "RE. Fon­ elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. taine Collector." Type locality: 40 km west of Pilcopata, Cusco, Peru. ALLOTYPE. Female: length 22.3 mm, width 12.2 mm. As holotype except in the following HOLOTYPE. Male: length 22.1 mm, width respects. Color of dorsal surface light green 11.6 mm. Color dark brown with green tinge with dark brown pronotal maculations. Head: around some margins. Elytron with greenish­ Antennal club slightly shorter than other seg­ yellow patch basomedially. Body subelliptical, ments combined. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons in apical half. Protarsomere 3-4 without api­ and clypeus rugose to rugopunctate. Frons cal stridulatory ridge. Modified protarsal claw not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. with ventral tooth, not thickened. Clypeal apex rounded with de flexed margin. Eyes separated by approximately 1.8 trans­ VARIATION. Male (n=26). Length 17.3-22.6 verse eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, mm, width 10.3-11.4 mm (Fig. 74). Female with moderately large, setose punctures, se­ (n=7). Length 21.0-25.7 mm, width 12.2-14.7 tae reddish-yellow. Apex of labrum with mm. The paratypes differ from the holotype minute, triangular, medial tooth, apex of and allotype in the following respects. Color tooth well separated from apex of mentum. of dorsal surface brownish-green to light Apex of mentum with medial notch. Antenna green. Additional characters as follows. Male 10-segmented; club slightly longer than other Genitalia: Phallobase approximately 1.3 segments combined, slightly longer than times longer than length of parameres. frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, moder­ Parameres with apex rounded. ately punctate, with moderate punctures. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 165

Fig. 74. Plafycoelia insolita male. 166 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia insolita means Callichloris (Callichloris) signaticollis, "the unusual Platycoelia" referring to the Gutierrez 1951:118 [key to species of Calli­ atypical appearance of this species. chloris]. Platycoelia signaticollis, Machatschke DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished 1965:55, 60 [cited as type species for Callich­ from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ loris, new combination, catalog listing); lia by the following combination of characters: Machatschke 1972:301,304 [cited as type spe­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ cies for Callichloris, catalog listing). brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not overlapping mentum; mentum with a medial TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris signati­ notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron with­ collis Burmeister lectotype male at MLUH out distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; elytral labeled a) "CALLICHLORIS SIGNATICOL­ apices not capable of completely covering the LIS BURMEISTER (J LECTOTYPE A B. T. pygidium; apex of the elytral suture with an SMITH 2002, LECTOTYPE" (red label, hand­ acute spine; mesothoracic process projecting written and typeface), b) "signaticollis Dup. apically past the mesocoxa; apical abdominal 197, Columbo (illegible)" (green label, hand­ spiracle not protuberant; protibia of male written), c) "MLU.-Halle, WB Zoologie, S.-Nr., with 1 prominent tooth; mesotarsomere 5 and T.-Nr., 8/3/10" (typeface and handwritten) d) metatarsomere 5 without an internal tooth; "Platycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister, 1844) (J parameres with the apex rounded, not ex­ Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype panded. here designated. See Methods and Materi­ als section for a statement of taxonomic pur­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Known from the pose. Two male paralectotypes at MLUH high Andes Mountains of central Peru. labeled a) "CALLI CHLORIS SIGNATICOL­ LIS BURMEISTER (J PARALECTOTYPE A LOCALITY DATA. 35 specimens examined B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten from CASC, LACM, MNHN, UCDC, USNM. and typeface), b) "MLU.-Halle, WB Zoologie, S.-Nr., T.-Nr., 8/3/10" (typeface and handwrit­ PERU (35). CUSCO (5): Buenos Aires, Machu­ ten), c) "Platycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister, picchu, Pilcopata (40 km W), Urubamba. 1844) (J Det:A.B.T.8mith 2002" (typeface). JUNIN (29): Chanchamayo, La Merced, One male paralectotype at MLUH labeled a) Tarma. NO DATA (1). "122." (green label, handwritten), b) "CALLI­ CHLORIS SIGNATICOLLIS BURMEISTER TEMPORAL DATA. January (1), February (J PARALECTOTYPE A B. T. SMITH 2002" (2), March (1), November (1), December (1). (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), c) "MLU.-Halle, WB Zoologie, S.-Nr., T.-Nr., 8/3/10" (typeface and handwritten), d) "Platy­ 52. Platycoelia signaticollis coelia signaticollis (Burmeister, 1844) (J Det: (Burmeister, 1844) AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). The existence (Figs. 4, 10, 72, 75) and location of other paralectotypes are un­ known. Type locality: Colombia. Callichloris signaticollis Burmeister, 1844 (original combination) DESCRIPTION. Male (n=24). Length 15.4- CATALOG. Callichloris signaticollis, Bur­ 17.1 mm, width 7.8-9.4 mm (Fig. 75). Color meister 1844:456 [original description); Blan­ dorsally greenish-tan to dark green, head chard 1851:227 [catalog listing); Lacordaire with frons black, pronotum with black macu­ 1856:378 [distribution); Harold 1869: 1232 lations (at least medially in apical half, ex­ [catalog listing); Ohaus 1904b:333, 335, 339, tending laterally to base) to all black; 341 [redescription); Ohaus 1905:167 [illustra­ ventrally dark brown to black, legs tan to tion); Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); light brown. Body subelliptical, convex. Head: Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist). Dorsal surface glabrous. Frons and clypeus MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 167 moderately to densely punctate, punctures elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. moderate. Frons slightly depressed Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.3 times longer medioapically. Frontoclypeal suture weakly than length of parameres. Parameres with bisinuate. Clypeus rectangular, apex reflexed. apex ventrally angled. Eyes separated by approximately 5.5 trans­ Female (n=5). Length 17.5-17.7 mm, verse eye-widths. Labrum sparsely punctate, width 9.8-10.0 mm. As male except in the fol­ with moderately large, setose punctures, se­ lowing respects. Head: Antennal club approxi­ tae tawny. Apex of labrum with minute, tri­ mately equal to segments 2-7 (2-6 in angular, medial tooth, apex of tooth well 9-segmented individuals). Legs: Protibia with separated from apex of mentum. Mandibular third tooth distinct, subequal in size to other scissorial region with 2 teeth, molar region teeth. Protarsomere 4 without internoapical smooth. Maxilla with 4 apical teeth. Apex of stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without in­ mentum with medial notch (Fig. 4). Antenna ternal tooth or swelling. Modified protarsal 9-segmented or 10-segmented (segments 5 claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. and 6 often fused); club slightly shorter than other segments combined, approximately DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished equal to length of frons. Pronotum: Surface from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ glabrous, sparsely punctate, with small and lia by the following combination of characters: moderate punctures. Marginal bead present frons dark in color (relative to rest of dorsal apically and laterally, absent basally. Elytron: surface), medioapically depressed; fronto­ Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae im­ clypeal suture complete; apex of the labrum pressed, impunctate to weakly punctate; in­ with a reduced, triangular tooth not overlap­ tervals impunctate. Suture apically rounded. ping the mentum; mentum with a medial Pygidium: Width approximately 1.8 times notch; pro no tum with dark maculations; length medially. Surface smooth, weakly con­ elytron without distinct, yellow, longitudinal vex, impunctate (except sparsely punctate lines; elytral apices not capable of completely near apex); punctures moderate, glabrous (ex­ covering the pygidium; apex of the elytral su­ cept near apex); setae long, tawny. Venter: ture without an acute spine; mesothoracic Thorax densely setose; setae long, tawny to process nub to weakly projecting apically; api­ golden-brown. Mesothoracic process barely cal abdominal spiracle weakly protuberant; produced, projecting anteriorly to subapex of mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ mesocoxa (Fig. 10). Abdomen sparsely setose; out an internal tooth; parameres with the setae moderately-sized, tawny to golden­ apex rounded, not expanded. brown. Apical spiracles weakly extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; first DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 72). Eastern Colom­ and second teeth subequal in size; third tooth bian arm of the Andes Mountains to southern small, often worn and obsolete, removed Colombia. slightly from apical teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest between base and middle. LOCALITY DATA. 29 specimens examined Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, cup­ from BMNH, CASC, MGFT, MLUH, MNHN, shaped. Protarsomere 4 with internoapical NHMB, SMFD, SMTD, USNM, ZMHB, stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with ZSMC. internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotar­ somere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without inter­ COLOMBIA (26). BOYACA (8): Muzo, Santa nal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with Rosa de Viterbo. CAUCA (1): No Data. 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified CUNDINAMARCA (3): Choachi. DISTRITO protarsal claw with length approximately CAPITAL (1): Bogota. NO DATA (13). equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elon­ gated when compared with other claw, dors­ No DATA (3). oventrally flattened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatarsal claws TEMPORAL DATA. April (1), May (2). 168 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 75. Platycoelia signaticollis male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 169

53. Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) CHLORIS HELLERI OHADS a PARA­ (Fig. 58) LECTOTYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), D "Platycoe­ Callichloris helleri Ohaus, 1904 (original com­ lia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) a Det:A.B.T.Smith bination) 2002" (typeface). Two male paralectotypes at CATALOG. Callichloris helleri, Ohaus MNHN labeled a) "Colombie" (handwritten), 1904b:333, 334, 339, 341 [original descrip­ b) "Ex.Musffio A.SALLE 1897" (typeface), c) tion); Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); "Ohaus determ. PI. Helleri Ohaus a Cotyp." Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklist); Ohaus (typeface and handwritten), d) "Dr Ohaus 1952:9 [distribution). vidit 1903" (typeface), e) "CALLICHLORIS Callichloris (Epicallichloris) helleri, HELLERI OHADS a PARALECTOTYPE A. Gutierrez 1951:115, 116 [new combination, B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten key to species of Callichloris). and typeface), D "Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, Platycoelia helleri, Machatschke 1965:60 1904) a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). [new combination, catalog listing); Machatschke One male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) 1972:304 [catalog listing). "Colomb." (typeface), b) "Ex.Musffio A. SALLE 1897" (typeface), c) "Dr Ohaus vidit 1903" TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris helleri (typeface), d) "CALLICHLORIS HELLERI Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) ORADS a PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH "Columb. Bogota" (typeface), b) "Typus!" (red 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ label, typeface), c) "C. Helleri Ohaus" (red la­ face), e) "Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) a bel, handwritten), d) "CALLI CHLORIS HEL­ Det: A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). One male LERI OHADS a LECTOTYPE A. B. T. paralectotype (now classified as P. insolita) at SMITH 2002" (red label, handwritten and MNHN labeled a) "Chancha-mayo" (hand­ typeface), e) "Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) written), b) "Ex.Musffio H. W. Bates 1892" a Det:A.B.T.8mith 2002" (typeface). Lecto­ (typeface), c) "Ohaus determ. PI. Helleri type here designated. See Methods and Ohaus a" (typeface and handwritten), d) "Dr Materials section for a statement of taxo­ Ohaus vidit 1903" (typeface), e) "CALLI­ nomic purpose. Thirteen paralectotypes were CHLORIS HELLERI OHADS a PARA­ examined as follows. Three male para­ LECTOTYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (yellow lectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) "Columb. label, handwritten and typeface), D "PLATY­ Bogota" (typeface), b) "a" (typeface), c) "Calli­ COELIA INSOLITA SMITH a PARATYPE" chloris Helleri Ohs. Cotype" (orange label, (yellow label, handwritten and typeface). One handwritten), d) "CALLICHLORIS HEL­ male paralectotype at MNHN labeled a) LERI ORADS a PARALECTOTYPE A. B. T. "Cauca Valley Colomb" (handwritten), b) SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and "Ex.Musffio H. W. Bates 1892" (typeface), c) typeface), e) "Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) "Dr Ohaus vidit 1903" (typeface), d) "CALLI­ a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Three CHLORIS HELLERI OHADS a PARA­ male paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) LECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow "Callanga Peru" (typeface), b) "a" (typeface), label, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoe­ c) "Callichloris Helleri Cotype Ohs." (orange lia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) a Det:A.B.T.Smith label, handwritten), d) "CALLICHLORIS 2002" (typeface). One male paralectotype at HELLERI OHADS a PARALECTOTYPE BMNH labeled a) "a" (typeface), b) "Co-type" A.B.T. SMITH 2002" (yellow label, handwrit­ (round label with yellow border, typeface), c) ten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia helleri "Typus!" (red label, typeface), d) "Callanga, (Ohaus, 1904) a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (type­ Peru 1907 - 27" (handwritten), e) "Callanga face). One male paralectotype at SMTD la­ Peru" (typeface), D "Ohaus determ. Callichlo­ beled a) "Callauga Peru" (typeface) b) ris Helleri Ohs." (typeface and handwritten), "Cotypus!" (red label, typeface), c) "76277" g) "CALLI CHLORIS HELLERI OHADS a (green label, handwritten), d) "Callichloris PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T. SMITH 2002" Helleri Ohaus" (handwritten), e) "CALLI- (yellow label, handwritten and typeface), 170 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

h) "Platycoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) (J and obsolete, removed slightly from apical Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). Ohaus teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest (1904b) stated that he examined about 20 apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, male specimens in the type series. The loca­ cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with interno­ tion of the remaining (approximately seven) apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with paratypes is unknown. Type locality: Bogota, internomedial stridulatory tooth. Mesotarso­ Colombia. mere and metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 DESCRIPTION. Male (n=16). Length 20.6- apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified protar­ 22.7 mm, width 12.2-12.6 mm. Color dorsally sal claw with length approximately equal to dark green (sometimes dark yellowish-green); protarsomere 5, thickened and elongated when black frons; brown pronotal maculations; compared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ thick brown border along elytral suture, apex, tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified lateral edge. Ventrally reddish-brown. Body mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ Frons sparsely punctate (base, lateral edge) talia: Phallobase 1.6 times longer than length to densely punctate (medioapically), clypeus of parameres. Parameres with apex rounded. rugose, punctures moderate. Frons weakly Female: Unknown. depressed medioapically. Frontoclypeal su­ ture complete, weakly bisinuate. Clypeus rec­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished tangular, apex slightly reflexed. Eyes from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ separated by approximately 4.5 transverse lia by the following combination of characters: eye-widths. Labrum rugose with setose punc­ frons dark in color; frontoclypeal suture com­ tures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum with plete; apex of the labrum with a reduced, tri­ minute, triangular, medial tooth, apex of angular tooth not overlapping the mentum; tooth well separated from apex of mentum. mentum with a medial notch; antenna 9-seg­ Mandibular scissorial region with 1 tooth, mented; pro no tum with weak maculations; molar region with weak lamellae. Maxilla elytron without distinct, yellow, longitudinal with 3 apical teeth. Apex of mentum with lines; elytral apices not capable of completely medial notch. Antenna 9-segmented; club ap­ covering the pygidium; elytron with a thick, proximately equal to segments 2-6, approxi­ black suture line; apex of the elytral suture mately equal to clypeal length. Pronotum: without an acute spine; mesothoracic process Surface glabrous, sparsely punctate, with nub to weakly projecting apically; apical ab­ small and moderate punctures. Marginal dominal spiracle not protuberant; mesotar­ bead present apically (except medially) and somere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an laterally, absent basally. Elytron: Surface gla­ internal tooth; parameres with the apex brous; longitudinal striae weakly impressed, rounded, not expanded. weakly punctate; intervals impunctate. Su­ ture apically rounded. Pygidium: Width ap­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 58). If the data labels proximately 1. 7 times length medially. are to be believed, this species occurs in highly Surface smooth; disc flat, impunctate (except disjunct areas of Andean Colombia and Peni. moderately punctate near apex); punctures More specimens with reliable data are needed moderately large, setose; setae long, tawny. to determine the distribution of this species. Venter: Thorax densely setose; setae long, tawny to golden-brown. Mesothoracic process LOCALITY DATA. 16 specimens examined barely produced, projecting anteriorly to from BMNH, MNHN, SMTD, ZMHB. subapex of mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely se­ tose laterally; setae long, tawny. Apical spi­ COLOMBIA (9). ANTIOQUIA (1): Medellin. racles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 DISTRITO CAPITAL (4): Bogota. NO DATA (4) teeth in apical half; first and second teeth subequal in size; third tooth small, often worn PERU (7). LIMA (5): Callanga. NO DATA (2). MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 171

54. Platycoelia ignota new species apical seta. Modified protarsal claw with (Fig. 72) length approximately equal to protarsomere 5, greatly thickened and elongate when com­ TYPE SPECIMEN. Male holotype. Holotype pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ male at BMNH labeled "549.," "67 45," "Calli­ tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified chloris Lafertei Reiche Colombia," and "So mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated named in Reiches Collection. C. W." Type lo­ with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ cality: Colombia. talia: Phallobase 1.2 times longer than length of parameres. Parameres with apex rounded. HOLOTYPE. Male: Length 23.3 mm, width 12.9 mm. Color dorsally black with green ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia ignota is Latin for clypeus, pronotum, and pygidium, pronotum the "unknown" or "obscure" Platycoelia. The with dark brown maculations. Ventrally yel­ name reflects the fact that this species is known lowish-brown to brown. Body subovate, con­ from only one specimen with poor data. vex. Head: Dorsal surface sparsely setose at clypeal apex; setae tawny. Frons moderately DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished to densely punctate, clypeus rugose. Frons from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ weakly depressed. Frontoclypeal suture com­ lia by the following combination of characters: plete. Clypeus rectangular with reflexed apex. color dorsally black with a green clypeus, Eyes separated by 6.0 transverse eye-widths. pronotum, and pygidium; frontoclypeal suture Labrum rugose, setose; setae tawny. Apex of complete; apex of the labrum with a reduced, labrum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of triangular tooth not overlapping the mentum; tooth separated from apex of mentum. Apex mentum with a medial notch; antenna 9-seg­ of mentum with medial notch. Antenna 9-seg­ men ted; pronotum with weak maculations; mented; club slightly shorter than segments elytron without distinct, yellow, longitudinal 1-6, approximately equal to clypeal length. lines; elytral apices not capable of completely Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely punc­ covering the pygidium; apex of the elytral su­ tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead ture without an acute spine; mesothoracic present laterally, absent apically and basally. process nub to weakly projecting apically; api­ Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae cal abdominal spiracle not protuberant; weakly impressed or not impressed, weakly mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ punctate; punctures moderate; intervals out an internal tooth; parameres with the impunctate. Suture rounded apically, without apex rounded, not expanded. spine. Pygidium: Width 1.8 times length me­ dially. Surface weakly convex, sparsely punc­ DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 72). Colombia, the tate near apex; punctures moderate, with precise locality is unknown. some scattered setae. Venter: Thorax densely setose, setae tawny. Mesothoracic process re­ LOCALITY DATA. 1 specimen examined duced, not projecting anteriorly past meso­ from BMNH. coxa. Abdomen sparsely setose laterally; setae long, tawny. Apical 2 spiracles not extruding. COLOMBIA (1). NO DATA (1). Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; api­ cal 2 teeth close together, longer; third tooth shorter. Mesotibia and metatibia widest 55. Platycoelia kirschi (Ohaus, 1904) apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, (Fig. 73) cup-shaped. Pro tars om ere 4 with interno­ apical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 with Callichloris kirschi Ohaus, 1904 (original internomedial tooth bearing stridulatory combination) ridge. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 CATALOG. Callichloris kirschi, Ohaus without internal swelling or tooth. Ungui­ 1904b: 335, 336, 339, 341 [original descrip­ tractor plate cylindrical, with 1 apical, 1 sub- tion); Ohaus 1918:178 [catalog listing); 172 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Blackwelder 1944:247 [checklistl; Ohaus ally, absent basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; 1952:8 [distributionl. longitudinal striae weakly punctate; intervals Callichloris (Callichloris) hirschi, Gutierrez impunctate. Suture apically rounded. Py­ 1951:118, 120 [new combination, key to species gidium: Width approximately 1.8 times of Callichlorisl. length medially. Surface smooth, flat, Platycoelia hirschi, Machatschke 1965:59 impunctate (except sparsely punctate near [new combination, catalog listingl; Machatschke apex); punctures moderate with scattered se­ 1972:304 [catalog listing]. tae; setae long, tawny. Venter: Thorax moder­ ately setose laterally; setae long, tawny. TYPE SPECIMEN. Callichloris hirschi Mesothoracic process barely produced, pro­ Ohaus holotype female at SMTD labeled a) jecting anteriorly to subapex of mesocoxa. "Dr. Bassler Chanchomayo" (green label), b) Abdomen sparsely setose; setae moderately­ ''9'' (white label with black border), c) "Typus!" sized, tawny. Apical spiracles not extruding. (red label), d) "C. Kirschi Ohaus" (red label), Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; first e) "CALLICHLORIS KIRSCHI OHAUS <;.> and second teeth subequal in size; third tooth HOLOTYPE" (red label, handwritten and shorter, removed slightly from apical teeth. typeface), f) "Staatl. Museum fUr Tierkunde Mesotibia and metatibia widest apically. Dresden," g) "Kirschi Ohaus" (handwritten Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long. Protar­ green label), h) "Platycoelia KIRSCHI somere 5 and mesotarsomere 5 without inter­ (OHAUS, 1904) <;.> Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" nal tooth. Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with (typeface and handwritten). There is only one 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified pro­ specimen in the type series (Ohaus 1904b) tarsal claw with ventral tooth, not thickened. therefore the holotype is fixed by monotypy. Male: Unknown. Type locality: Chanchamayo, Junin, Peru. DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished DESCRIPTION. Female (n=l). Length 21.2 from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ mm, width 12.5 mm. Color dorsally black; lia by the following combination of characters: ventrally reddish-brown to dark brown. Body dorsal color black; frons medioapically de­ subelliptical, convex. Head: Dorsal surface pressed; frontoclypeal suture complete; apex glabrous. Frons moderately punctate (base) to of the labrum with a reduced, triangular tooth rugose (apex), clypeus rugose, punctures mod­ not overlapping the mentum; mentum with a erate. Frons broadly depressed medioapically. medial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron Frontoclypeal suture complete, obscured by without distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; punctures. Clypeus broadly rounded, apex elytral apices not capable of completely cov­ slightly reflexed. Eyes separated by approxi­ ering the pygidium; apex ofthe elytral suture mately 3.2 transverse eye-widths. Labrum without an acute spine; mesothoracic process densely punctate, with moderately large, se­ nub to weakly projecting apically; apical ab­ tose punctures, setae tawny. Apex of labrum dominal spiracle not protuberant; mesotar­ with minute, triangular, medial tooth, apex of somere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an tooth well separated from apex of mentum. internal tooth. Mandibular scissorial region with three teeth; apical 2 teeth adjacent, third tooth near base; DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). The only known molar region with lamellae. Maxilla with locality is Chanchamayo, Peru. three apical teeth. Apex of mentum with me­ dial notch. Antenna 10-segmented; club LOCALITY DATA. 1 specimen examined approximately equal to segments 2-7, from SMTD. approximately equal to clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely punc­ PERU (1). JUNIN (1): Chanchamayo. tate, with moderate punctures. Marginal bead present apically (except medially) and later- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 173

56. Platycoelia baessleri (Ohaus, ventrally reddish-brown to brown. Body 1904) ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface glabrous. (Fig. 73) Frons sparsely to densely punctate, clypeus densely punctate, punctures moderate. Frons Callichloris baessleri Ohaus, 1904 (original slightly depressed medioapically. Fronto­ combination) clypeal suture complete, obscured by punc­ CATALOG. Callichloris baessleri, Ohaus tures. Clypeus broadly rounded, apex 1904b:336, 339, 341 [original description]; reflexed. Eyes separated by 2.8 transverse Ohaus 1952:9 [distribution]. eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, with Callichloris btissleri (=Callichloris moderately large, setose punctures, setae baessleri, lapsus calami), Ohaus 1918:178 tawny. Apex of labrum with minute, triangu­ [catalog listing]; Blackwelder 1944:247 lar, medial tooth, apex oftooth well separated [checklist]. from apex of mentum. Mandibular scissorial Callichloris (Callichloris) baessleri, region with one tooth. Maxilla with 3 apical Gutierrez 1951:118, 120 [new combination, teeth. Apex of mentum with medial notch. key to species of Callichloris]. Antenna 10-segmented; club approximately Platycoelia baessleri, Machatschke equal to segments 2-7, slightly shorter than 1965:59 [new combination, catalog listing]; clypeal length. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, Machatschke 1972:304 [catalog listing]. sparsely punctate, with small and moderate punctures. Marginal bead present apically TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris baessleri (except medially) and laterally, absent ba­ Ohaus lectotype male at SMTD labeled a) "Dr. sally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal Bassler; Lima" (green label), b) "12397" (green striae slightly impressed, punctate; intervals label), c) "Callichloris Bassleri Type Ohaus" impunctate. Suture apically rounded. Py­ (handwritten), d) "Typus" (red label), e) "CAL­ gidium: Width approximately 1.9 times LICHLORIS BAESSLERI OHAUS (j LEC­ length medially. Surface smooth, weakly con­ TOTYPE A. B. T. SMITH 2002" (red label, vex, impunctate (except sparsely punctate handwritten), f) "baessleri Ohaus" (green la­ near apex); punctures moderate, glabrous (ex­ bel, handwritten), g) "Staatl. Museum fur cept near apex); setae long, tawny. Venter: Tierkunde Dresden," h) "Platycoelia baessleri Thorax densely setose; setae long, tawny to (Ohaus, 1904) (j Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (type­ golden-brown. Mesothoracic process barely face). Lectotype here designated. See produced, projecting anteriorly to subapex of Methods and Materials section for a state­ mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely setose; setae ment of taxonomic purpose. The lectotype is moderately-sized, tawny to golden-brown. labeled Lima, but this is probably too low to Apical spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia support populations of this species. I consider with 3 teeth in apical half; teeth subequal in the collecting locality as Peru with no further size. Mesotibia and metatibia widest apically. data. One female paralectotype at ZMHB la­ Mesotarsomere 5 internomedial tooth absent. beled a) "Dr. Bassler Chanchomayo" (green Unguitractor plate cylindrical, with 1 apical label, typeface), b) "9" (typeface), c) "Typus!" and 1 subapical seta. Modified mesotarsal (typeface), d) "C. Bassleri Ohaus" (handwrit­ claw elongate, with ventral tooth, not thick­ ten), e) "CALLICHLORIS BAESSLERI ened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.5 times ORAUS 9 PARALECTOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH longer than length of parameres. Parameres 2002" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ with apex slightly angled medially. face), f) "Platycoelia baessleri (Ohaus, 1904) 9 Female (n=l). Length 18.2 mm, width Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). The exist­ 11.8 mm. As male except in the following re­ ence and location of remaining paralectotypes spects. Legs: Modified protarsal claw with are unknown. Type locality: Peru. ventral tooth, not thickened. The protarsi and metatarsi of the male DESCRIPTION. Male (n=l). Length 17.3 specimen are missing, but presumably this mm, width 10.2 mm. Color dorsally black; species has the modified protarsal claw thick- 174 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

ened with apex unevenly bifurcate as in all tains in northern Peru. Type locality: north­ other species of Platycoelia. ern Peru.

DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished HOLOTYPE. Male: Length 17.6 mm, width from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ 10.5 mm. Color dorsally light green with light lia by the following combination of characters: brown pronotal maculations and elytron. Ven­ dorsal color black; frontoclypeal suture com­ trally brownish-yellow. Body ovate, convex. plete; eyes separated by 2.8 transverse eye­ Head: Dorsal surface sparsely setose, setae widths; apex of the labrum with a reduced, tawny. Frons sparsely punctate (base) to triangular tooth not overlapping the mentum; densely punctate (apex), clypeus densely mentum with a medial notch; antenna 10-seg­ punctate, punctures moderately large to mod­ mented; elytron without distinct, yellow, lon­ erate. Frons weakly depressed. Frontoclypeal gitudinal lines; elytral apices not capable of suture complete. Clypeus trapezoidal with completely covering pygidium; apex of the strongly reflexed apex. Eyes separated by 5.0 elytral suture without an acute spine; me­ transverse eye-widths. Labrum moderately so thoracic process nub to weakly projecting punctate, setose; setae tawny. Apex oflabrum apically; apical abdominal spiracle not protu­ with minute, triangular, medial tooth, apex of berant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere tooth separated from apex of mentum. Apex 5 without an internal tooth; parameres with of mentum with medial notch. Antenna 10- the apex rounded, not expanded. segmented; club approximately equal to seg­ ments 1-7, slightly longer than length of DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Chanchamayo, frons. Pronotum: Surface glabrous, sparsely Peru is the only known locality for this species. punctate, with moderate punctures. Marginal The locality data is from a century old specimen bead present laterally, absent apically and ba­ and the locality may not be accurate. sally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly impressed, punctate; punctures LOCALITY DATA. 2 specimens examined moderate; intervals impunctate. Suture from SMTD, ZMHB. evenly angled apically, without spine. Venter: Thorax densely setose, setae tawny. Mesotho­ PERU (2). JUNIN (1): Chanchamayo. NO racic process reduced, not projecting anteri­ DATA (1). orly past mesocoxa. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; apical 2 teeth close to­ gether, longer; third tooth shorter. Mesotibia 57. Platycoelia aenigma new and metatibia widest medially. Protarsomeres species 2-4 wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarso­ (Fig. 72) mere 3-4 with internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. TYPE SPECIMEN. Holotype male at BMNH Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 without labeled "Amaz Nauta" on upperside and "58. internal swelling or tooth. Unguitractor plate 77." on lower side of a round, blue label. It is cylindrical, with 1 apical, 1 subapical seta. also labeled "Ohaus de term Callichloris n. sp. Modified protarsal claw with length approxi­ a." Malcolm Kerley, collection manager at the mately equal to protarsomere 5, greatly thick­ BMNH, informed me that the numbers on the ened and elongate when compared with other round label refers to an accession number. claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex unevenly The entry for the numbers "58.77." is "1858- bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal claw slightly 77, 346 coleoptera collected from Amazon thickened, elongate, apex unevenly bifurcate. Nautas and Chapapanga, July 9th, collected Modified metatarsal claw elongate, with ven­ by Degand." This information is vague but tral tooth, not thickened. confirms that the specimen was probably col­ The entire abdomen of this specimen is lected on the east slope of the Andes Moun- missing. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 175

ETYMOLOGY. The specific name of P. Platycoelia bocki, Machatschke 1965:59 [new aenigma is the Latin word for "a mystery." I combination, catalog listingl; Machatschke feel this name is appropriate for such an un­ 1972:304 [catalog listingl. usual species, especially since it is only known from one old specimen with poor data and no TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris bocki abdomen. Ohaus lectotype male at ZMHB labeled a) "Boliv., Prov.LaPaz Bez.S.-YungasChu­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished lumani, 125Km ostl v. LaPaz1600-2000m" from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ (light green label, typeface), b) "Ch. Bock leg. lia by the following combination of characters: IX-X. 1916 ded. 12. 8. 1921." (light green la­ dorsal color light green with light brown bel, typeface), c) "Type" (red label, typeface), elytron; frons sparsely setose laterally; d) "Callichloris Bocki Ohs." (red label, hand­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la­ written), e) "CALLICHLORIS BOCKI brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not ORAUS LECTOTYPE A B. T. SMITH 2001" overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ (red label, handwritten and typeface), D dial notch; antenna 10-segmented; pronotum "Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus, 1925) (J Det: AB.T. with weak maculations; elytron without dis­ Smith 2002" (typeface). Lectotype here des­ tinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; apex of elytral ignated. See Methods and Materials section suture without acute spine; mesothoracic pro­ for a statement of taxonomic purpose. Two cess nub to weakly projecting apically; male paralectotypes at ZMHB labeled a) mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ "Boliv., Prov.LaPaz Bez.S.-Yungas Chu­ out internal tooth; modified mesotarsal claw lumani, 125Km ostl v. LaPaz1600-2000m" in male with apex bifurcate, dorsoventrally (light green label, typeface), b) "Ch. Bock leg. flattened. IX-X. 1916 ded. 12. 8. 1921." (light green la­ bel, typeface), c) "Cotype" (red label, typeface), DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 72). Known from Peru d) "Callichloris Bocki Ohs." (orange label, with no precise locality. handwritten), e) "CALLI CHLORIS BOCKI ORAUS PARALECTOTYPE A B. T. SMITH LOCALITY DATA. 1 specimen examined 2001" (yellow label, handwritten and type­ fromBMNH. face), D "Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus, 1925) (J Det:AB.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). The loca­ PERU (1). NO DATA (1). tion and existence of other paralectotypes are The holotype is labeled "Amaz Nauta" unknown. Ohaus (1925) stated that type which is in the lowlands of Peru. I assume specimens were deposited in the Hamburg that the actual collecting locality was in the collection. These specimens, along with the Andes Mountains somewhere west of Nauta. entire Coleoptera and Lepidoptera collections, were completely destroyed in July 1943 by air raid bombing (Klapperich 1948). Type local­ ity: Chulumani, La Paz, Bolivia. 58. Platycoelia bocki (Ohaus, 1925) (Fig. 73, 76) DESCRIPTION. Male (n=4). Length 14.6- 15.0 mm, width 8.6-8.9 mm (Fig. 76). Color Callichloris bocki Ohaus, 1925 (original com­ dorsally black with light yellowish-brown bination) elytron; ventrally black with yellowish-brown CATALOG. Callichloris bocki, Ohaus tibiae, tarsi, abdominal sternite apices. Body 1925:83 [original descriptionl; Blackwelder ovate, convex. Head: Dorsal surface sparsely 1944:247 [checklistl; Gutierrez 1951:116, 118, setose, setae tawny. Frons sparsely punctate 120 [comparison with other Callichlorisl; (base) to densely punctate (apex), clypeus rug­ Gutierrez 1952:226 [comparison with Calli­ ose, punctures moderate. Frons not de­ chloris haenkeil. pressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete, 176 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig. 76. Platycoelia bocki male. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 177

obscured by punctures. Clypeus broadly lia by the following combination of characters: rounded, apex reflexed. Eyes separated by dorsal color black with light yellowish-brown approximately 4.3 transverse eye-widths. La­ elytron; frons sparsely setose laterally; brum rugose, setose; setae tawny. Apex of la­ frontoclypeal suture complete; apex ofthe la­ brum with triangular, medial tooth, apex of brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not tooth well separated from apex of mentum. overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ Mandibular scissorial region with 1 tooth, dial notch; antenna 10-segmented; elytron molar region smooth. Maxilla with 3 apical without distinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; teeth. Apex of mentum with medial notch. elytral apices not capable of completely cov­ Antenna 9-segmented; club slightly shorter ering the pygidium; apex ofthe elytral suture than other segments combined, approxi­ without an acute spine; mesothoracic process mately equal to length of frons. Pronotum: nub to weakly projecting apically; apical ab­ Surface glabrous, sparsely punctate, with dominal spiracle not protuberant; mesotar­ moderate punctures. Marginal bead present somere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an apically (except medially) and laterally, ab­ internal tooth; parameres with the apex sent basally. Elytron: Surface glabrous; longi­ rounded,notexpanded. tudinal striae weakly impressed, impunctate to weakly punctate; intervals impunctate. DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Andes Mountains Suture apically rounded. Pygidium: Width in La Paz, Bolivia. approximately 1.9 times length medially. Sur­ face smooth, weakly convex, impunctate (ex­ LOCALITY DATA. 4 specimens examined cept sparsely punctate near apex); punctures from USNM, ZMHB. moderate, setose; setae long, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose; setae long, tawny. BOLNIA (4). LA PAZ (4): Chulumani, Pongo Mesothoracic process barely produced, pro­ de Quime. jecting anteriorly to subapex of mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely setose, setae tawny. Apical TEMPORAL DATA. July (1), October (3). spiracles not extruding. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; first and second teeth subequal in size; third tooth short, removed 59. Platycoelia alticola (Gutierrez, slightly from apical teeth. Mesotibia and 1951) metatibia widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 (Fig. 73) wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with weak internoapical stridulatory ridge. Callichloris (Epicallichloris) alticola Protarsomere 5 with internomedial stridula­ Gutierrez, 1951 (original combination) tory tooth. Mesotarsomere 5 and metatar­ CATALOG. Callichloris (Epicallichloris) somere 5 without internal tooth. Unguitractor alticola, Gutierrez 1951:112, 115, 116 [cited as plate cylindrical, with 1 apical and 1 subapi­ type species for Callichloris (Epicallichloris), cal seta. Modified protarsal claw with length original description, key to species of Calli­ slightly shorter than protarsomere 5, thick­ chloris); Gutierrez 1952:226 [comparison with ened and elongated when compared with Callichloris haenkei). other claw, flattened on slightly diagonally Platycoelia alticola, Machatschke 1965:60 plane, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified [new combination, catalog listing); Machatschke mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated 1972:304 [catalog listing); Smith and Jameson with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ 2001:105 [comparison with Eremophygus bi­ talia: Phallobase 1.5 times longer than length color]' of parameres. Parameres with apex rounded. Female: Unknown. TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris (Epi­ callichloris) alticola Gutierrez neotype male DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished at FMNH labeled a) "Bolivia 10-IX-49 from all other species in the genus Platycoe- Cochabamba 4000 ms - Pena colI" (handwrit- 178 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM ten), b) "Callichloris (Epicallichloris) alticola suture obscured by punctures. Clypeus - Gut (j R. Gutierrez-Det.50" (handwritten broadly rounded, apex reflexed. Eyes sepa­ and typeface), c) "CALLICHLORIS ALTI­ rated by approximately 4.2 transverse eye­ COLA GUTIERREZ (j PARATYPE" (yellow widths. Labrum rugose, setose; setae tawny. label, handwritten and typeface), d) "FMNH, Apex oflabrum with triangular, medial tooth, 1986 L. Pefia ColI. Acc. # 17-422" (typeface), apex of tooth well separated from apex of e) "CALLICHLORIS ALTICOLA GUTIER­ mentum. Apex of mentum with weak medial REZ NEOTYPE A.B.T.SMITH 2002" (red la­ notch. Antenna 9-segmented; club slightly bel, handwritten and typeface). f) "Platycoelia longer than other segments combined, alticola (Gutierrez, 1951) (j Det:A.B.T.Smith slightly longer than frons. Pronotum: Surface 2002" (typeface). The location of the holotype setose along apex; setae long, tawny. Surface from Gutierrez's original type series is un­ moderately punctate, with moderate punc­ known. The holotype male was deposited in tures. Marginal bead present apically (except Antonio Martinez's personal collection medially), laterally, absent basally. Elytron: (Gutierrez 1951). This collection was pur­ Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly chased by Henry and Anne Howden (HARC), punctate; impunctate. Suture apically angled. and at the time of purchase, all the primary Pygidium: Width approximately 2.0 times types were deposited at MACN. The holotype length medially. Surface rugose, weakly con­ is not at MACN according to Axel Bachmann vex, moderately setose; setae long, tawny. (a curator at MACN) and Federico Ocampo Venter: Thorax densely setose; setae long, (who searched for the specimen on my behalf), tawny. Mesothoracic process reduced to nub, HAHC (which I searched myself), or any of adjacent to mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely se­ the other collections from which I borrowed tose, setae tawny. Apical spiracles not extrud­ material. I can only conclude that it has been ing. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in size lost. The neotype is also the sole paratype of teeth in apical half. Mesotibia and metatibia this species (Gutierrez 1951). Gutierrez based widest medially, apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 the original description on two specimens. wider than long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 The holotype was from Bolivia with the fol­ with weak internoapical stridulatory ridge. lowing data "Chapare dep. de Cochabamba; Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Yungas del Palmar; 3500 m; 1-1949" Mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ (Gutierrez 1951). The neotype is also from out internal teeth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ Cochabamba (Bolivia), therefore, the type lo­ drical, with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. cality for the species is not significantly al­ Modified protarsal claw with length approxi­ tered. Neotype here designated. See mately equal to protarsomere 5, thickened Methods and Materials section for a state­ and elongated when compared with other ment of taxonomic purpose. The neotype was claw, flattened dorsoventrally, apex unevenly originally deposited as a paratype by bifurcate (small bifurcation reduced to nub). Gutierrez in the "Sociedad Cientifica Chilena Modified mesotarsal claw elongated, apex Claudio Gay" collection. This short-lived col­ unevenly bifurcate. Modified metatarsal claw lection was absorbed into the Luis Pefia Col­ elongate, with ventral tooth, not thickened. lection, which was purchased by FMNH in Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.2 times longer 1986. Type locality: Cochabamba, Bolivia. than length of parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, weakly expanded subapically. DESCRIPTION. Male (n=2). Length 15.1- Female: Unknown. 16.6 mm, width 8.9-9.1 mm. Color dorsally dark brown to black with light brown elytron; DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished ventrally brown to light brown. Body ovate, from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ convex. Head: Dorsal surface setose, setae lia by the following combination of characters: tawny. Frons moderately punctate (base) to dorsal color dark brown to black with light rugose (apex), clypeus rugose, punctures mod­ brown elytron; frons sparsely setose laterally; erate. Frons slightly depressed. Frontoclypeal frontoclypeal suture complete; apex of the la- MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 179

brum with a reduced, triangular tooth not dominal sternites. Body subelliptical, convex. overlapping the mentum; mentum with a me­ Head: Dorsal surface with clypeus moderately dial notch; antenna 9-segmented; pronotum setose, setae tawny. Frons moderately punc­ well-separated from the eyes, sparsely setose tate (base) to rugose, clypeus rugose. Frons adjacent to the margins; elytron without dis­ not depressed. Frontoclypeal suture complete. tinct, yellow, longitudinal lines; elytral apices Clypeus rounded with well-defined apical not capable of completely covering the py­ margin. Eyes separated by approximately 4.2 gidium; apex of the elytral suture without an transverse eye-widths. Labrum densely punc­ acute spine; meso thoracic process nub to tate, with moderately large, setose punctures, weakly projecting apically; apical abdominal setae tawny. Apex oflabrum with minute, tri­ spiracle not protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 angular, medial tooth, apex oftooth well sepa­ and metatarsomere 5 without an internal rated from apex of mentum. Apex of mentum tooth; parameres with the apex rounded, not with medial notch. Antenna 9-segmented; expanded. club slightly shorter than segments 2-7, ap­ proximately equal to clypeal length. DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Known from Pronotum: Surface setose; setae long, tawny. Cochabamba, Bolivia. Occurs in the Andes Surface moderately punctate, with moderate Mountains at high elevation (3,500- 4,000 m). punctures. Marginal bead weak laterally, ab­ sent apically and basally. Elytron: Surface LOCALITY DATA. 2 specimens examined glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly im­ from HAHC, FMNH. pressed, weakly punctate; punctures moder­ ate; intervals impunctate. Suture rounded BOLIVIA (2). COCHABAMBA (2): Cochabamba. apically, without spine. Pygidium: Width ap­ proximately 2.0 times length medially. Sur­ TEMPORAL DATA January (1), September (1). face weakly convex, sparsely punctate; punctures moderate, setose near apex; setae long, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose, 60. Platycoelia inca new species setae tawny. Mesothoracic process greatly re­ (Figs. 73, 77) duced nub adjacent to mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely setose; setae long, tawny. Apical 2 TYPE SPECIMENS. Male holotype, female spiracles strongly extruding, cylindrical. allotype and 133 paratypes (126 male, 7 fe­ Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; api­ male). Holotype male, allotype female, 98 cal 2 teeth close together, longer; third tooth male paratypes, and 3 female paratypes at shorter. Mesotibia and metatibia widest me­ CASC, eight male and two female paratypes dially. Protarsomeres 3-4 wider than long, at ABTS, three male and two female cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 without stridula­ paratypes at UNSM, four male paratypes at tory ridge. Protarsomere 5 without internal HAHC, two male paratypes at BCRC, two tooth. Mesotarsomere and metatarsomere 5 male paratypes at MLJC, two male paratypes without internal swelling or tooth. Ungui­ at ZMHB, two male paratypes at USNM, two tractor plate cylindrical, with 1 apical, 1 sub­ male paratypes at FMNH, one male paratype apical seta. Modified protarsal claw with at VMCP, and 2 male paratypes at DJCC la­ length approximately equal to protarsomere beled "PERU 40 km.S.of Ayacucho III-8- 5, greatly thickened and elongate when com­ 1951," "Ross and Michelbacher Collectors," pared with other claw, dorsoventrally flat­ and "Altiplano. Flying at dusk." Type locality: tened, apex unevenly bifurcate. Modified 40 km south of Ayacucho, Ayacucho, Peru. mesotarsal and metatarsal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not thickened. HOLOTYPE. Male: Length 16.1 mm, width 9.8 mm. Color dorsally oftan head and scutel­ ALLOTYPE. Length 19.5 mm, width 10.9 lum, brown pronotum and pygidium, dark mm. As male except in the following respects. brown elytron. Ventrally tan with brown ab- Venter: Apical 2 spiracles weakly extruded. 180 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Fig . 77 . Platycoelia inca male paratype. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 181

Legs: Modified protarsal claw with ventral 61. Platycoelia haenkei tooth, not thickened. (Gutierrez, 1952) (Figs. 24, 73, 78) VARIATION. Male (n=126). Length 16.0- 20.5 mm, width 8.9-11.0 mm (Fig. 77). Female Callichloris (Epicallichloris) haenkei Gutierrez (n=7). Length 16.9-19.6 mm, width 9.2-10.3 1952 (original combination) mm. The paratypes do not differ significantly CATALOG. Callichloris (Epicallichloris) from the holotype and allotype. Additional char­ haenkei, Gutierrez 1952:225 [original descrip­ acters as follows. Head: Mandibular scissorial tion). region with weak apical tooth, no medial tooth; Platycoelia haenkei, Machatschke 1965:60 molar region without lamellae. Maxilla with 2 [new combination, catalog listing); Machatschke weak, apical teeth. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1972:304 [catalog listing); Smith and Jameson approximately 1.3 times longer than length of 2001:105 [comparison with Eremophygus bi­ parameres. Parameres with apex rounded. color]'

ETYMOLOGY. Platycoelia inca is named af­ TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris (Epicalli­ ter the pre-Spanish rulers of the area in chloris) haenkei Gutierrez holotype male at which this species occurs. UCCC labeled a) "Bolivia I-51 Cordillera Cochabamba 4000m Zischka" (handwritten), DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished b) "HOLOTIPO a" (orange label, typeface and from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ handwritten) c) "Callichloris haenkei Gutierr lia by the following combination of characters: a R. Gutierrez-Det.52" (handwritten and type­ dorsally with tan head and scutellum, brown face), d) "CALLICHLORIS HAENKEI pronotum and pygidium, dark brown elytron; GUTIERREZ a HOLOTYPE" (red label, hand­ frons sparsely setose laterally; frontoclypeal written and typeface), e) "Platycoelia haenkei suture complete; apex of the labrum with a (Gutierrez, 1952) a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" reduced, triangular tooth not overlapping the (typeface). Five male paratypes at UCCC la­ mentum; mentum with a medial notch; an­ beled a) "Bolivia I-51 Cordillera Cochabamba tenna 9-segmented; pronotum well-separated 4000m Zischka" (handwritten), b) "PARA­ from the eyes, sparsely setose, with weak TIPoa" (orange label, typeface and hand­ maculations; elytron without distinct, yellow, written) c) "CALLICHLORIS HAENKEI longitudinal lines; elytral apices not capable GUTIERREZ a PARATYPE" (yellow label, of completely covering the pygidium; apex of handwritten and typeface), d) "Platycoelia the elytral suture without an acute spine; haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) a Det:A.B.T.Smith mesothoracic process nub to weakly project­ 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at ing apically; apical abdominal spiracle MNNC labeled a) "Bolivia I-51 Cordillera de strongly protuberant; mesotarsomere 5 and Cochabamba 4000m Zischka" (handwritten), metatarsomere 5 without an internal tooth; b) "PARATIPoa" (orange label, typeface and parameres with the apex rounded, not ex­ handwritten) c) "Callichloris haenkei Gutierr. panded. a R. Gutierrez-Det.52 " (handwritten and typeface), d) "CALLICHLORIS HAENKEI DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Ayacucho, Peru is GUTIERREZ a PARATYPE" (yellow label, the only known locality for this species. handwritten and typeface), e) "CHILE M. N. H. N. Tipo No 2855" (typeface and handwrit­ LOCALITY DATA. 135 specimens examined ten), f) "Platycoelia haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) from CASC, DJCC. a Det:A.B.T.Smith 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at HAHC labeled a) "Bolivia I-51 PERU (135). AYACUCHO (135): Ayacucho Cordillera Cochabamba 4000m Zischka" (40 km S). (handwritten), b) "PARATIPoa" (orange la­ bel, typeface and handwritten) c) "Callichlo­ TEMPORAL DATA. March (135). ris haenkei Gutierr. a R. Gutierrez-Det.52" 182 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

(handwritten and typeface), d) "H. & A. absent apically and basally. Elytron: Surface HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez colI." sparsely setose near base; longitudinal striae (typeface), e) "CALLICHLORIS HAENKEI weakly impressed, densely punctate; inter­ GUTIERREZ (J PARATYPE" (yellow label, vals densely punctate, punctures moderate. handwritten and typeface), f) "Platycoelia Suture apically rounded. Pygidium: Width ap­ haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) (J Det:A.B.T.Smith proximately 1.6 times length medially. Sur­ 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at HAHC face rugose, weakly convex, setose; setae long, and three male paratypes at ZSMC labeled a) tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose; setae "Bolivia - Cordillera de Cochabamba - 4000m long, tawny. Mesothoracic process reduced to - 15.1.1951 leg. Zischka" (handwritten), b) nub, adjacent to mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely "PARATIPO" (orange label, typeface) c) "Cal­ setose, setae tawny. Apical spiracles not ex­ lichloris haenkei Gutierr (J R. Gutierrez­ truding. Legs: Protibia with 3 subequal in size Det.52 " (handwritten and typeface), d) "H. & teeth in apical half. Mesotibia and metatibia A. HOWDEN COLLECTION ex. A. Martinez widest apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than colI." (typeface), e) "CALLICHLORIS long, cup-shaped. Protarsomere 3-4 with HAENKEI GUTIERREZ (J PARATYPE" (yel­ weak internoapical stridulatory ridge. low label, handwritten and typeface), f) "Platy­ Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth. coelia haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) (J Det: A.B.T. Mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 with­ Smith 2002" (typeface). The location of the out internal teeth. Unguitractor plate cylin­ 121 additional paratypes is unknown. drical, with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. Gutierrez (1952) indicated that 122 paratypes Modified protarsal claw with length approxi­ were deposited in the Rodolfo Zischka collec­ mately equal to protarsomere 5, thickened tion in Cochabamba, Bolivia (some of and elongated when compared with other Zischka's collection is at ZSMC). The current claw, flattened on slightly diagonally plane, status and location of this collection are un­ apex unevenly bifurcate (small bifurcation known. Type locality: Cordillera Cochabamba, reduced to nub, sometimes worn off). Modified Bolivia. mesotarsal claw elongated, apex unevenly bi­ furcate. Modified metatarsal claw elongate, DESCRIPTION. Male (n=12). Length 10.5- with ventral tooth, not thickened. Male Geni­ 13.0 mm, width 6.2-6.8 mm (Fig. 78). Color talia: Phallobase 1.2 times longer than length dorsally black with light reddish-brown of parameres. Parameres with apex rounded, elytron; ventrally black with dark yellow ab­ slightly curved ventrally (Fig. 24). dominal sternites. Body ovate, convex. Head: Female: Unknown. Dorsal surface setose, setae tawny. Frons densely punctate to rugose, clypeus rugose, DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished punctures moderate. Frons not depressed. from all other species in the genus Platycoe­ Frontoclypeal suture obscured by punctures. lia by the following combination of characters: Clypeus trapezoidal, apex reflexed. Eyes length less than 14 mm; dorsal color black separated by approximately 5.7 transverse with light reddish-brown elytron; frons mod­ eye-widths. Labrum densely punctate, setose; erately setose; frontoclypeal suture complete; setae tawny. Apex oflabrum with minute, tri­ apex ofthe labrum with a reduced, triangular angular, medial tooth, apex of tooth well sepa­ tooth not overlapping the mentum; mentum rated from apex of mentum. Apex of mentum with a medial notch; antenna 9-segmented; with medial notch. Antenna 9-segmented pronotum well-separated from eyes, moder­ (sometimes appearing 8-segmented); club ately setose; elytron without distinct, yellow, slightly longer than other segments com­ longitudinal lines; elytron sparsely setose at bined, slightly longer than frons. Pronotum: the base; elytral apices not capable of com­ Surface densely setose; setae long, tawny. pletely covering the pygidium; apex of the Surface densely punctate, with moderate elytral suture without an acute spine; meso­ punctures. Marginal bead present laterally, thoracic process nub to weakly projecting MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 183

Fig. 78. Platycoelia haenkei male paratype. 184 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM apically; apical abdominal spiracle not protu­ collection was combined with the Luis Pella berant; mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere collection, which was later purchased by the 5 without an internal tooth; modified FMNH. The holotype is not in FMNH or any mesotarsal claw with the apex bifurcating, ofthe other collections from which I borrowed dorsoventrally flattened; parameres with the material. I can only conclude that it has been apex rounded, not expanded. lost. The neotype is also a paratype of this species and has identical label data to the lost DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Known only from holotype (Gutierrez, 1951). Neotype here the large type series collected at Cordillera designated. See Methods and Materials sec­ Cochabamba, Bolivia. tion for a statement oftaxonomic purpose. Al­ lotype female at UCCC labeled a) "Peru LOCALITY DATA. 12 specimens examined 1-11-49 Anta-Cuzco 4200 ms Kuschel" (hand­ from HARC, MNNC, UCCC, ZSMC. written) b) "ALOTIPO 9" (orange label, type­ face and handwritten), c) "Callichloris BOLIVIA (12). COCHABAMBA (12): Cordil­ (Callichloris) laelaps Gut 9 R. Gutierrez-Det.49 lera Cochabamba. " (handwritten and typeface), d) "CALLI­ CHLORIS LAELAPS GUTIERREZ 9 ALLO­ TEMPORAL DATA. January (12). TYPE" (red label, handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia laelaps (Gutierrez, 1951) 9 Det: A.B.T. Smith 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at UCCC labeled a) "Peru 1-11-49 62. Platycoelia laelaps (Gutierrez, Anta-Cuzco 4200 ms Kuschel" (handwritten), 1951) b) "PARATIPO" (red label, typeface), c) "Cal­ (Fig. 73) lichloris (Callichloris) laelaps. Gut 0 R. Gutierrez-Det.49" (handwritten and type­ Callichloris laelaps Gutierrez 1951 (original face), d) "CALLICHLORIS LAELAPS combination) GUTIERREZ 0 PARATYPE" (yellow label, CATALOG. Callichloris (Callichloris) handwritten and typeface), e) "Platycoelia laelaps, Gutierrez 1951:117, 118, 119 [original laelaps (Gutierrez, 1951) 0 Det:AB.T.Smith description, key to species of Callichlorisl. 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at Platycoelia laelaps, Machatschke 1965:59 MNNC labeled a) "Peru 1-11-49 Anta-Cuzco [new combination, catalog listingl; Machatschke 4200 ms Kuschel" (handwritten), b) 1972:304 [catalog listingl. "PARATIPO" (red label, typeface), c) "Calli­ chloris (Calli-chloris) laelaps. Gut 0 R. TYPE SPECIMENS. Callichloris laelaps Gutierrez-Det.49 " (handwritten and typeface), Gutierrez neotype male at CMNC labeled a) d) "CALLI CHLORIS LAELAPS GUTIERREZ "Peru 1-11-49 Anta-Cuzco 4200 ms Kuschel" o PARATYPE" (yellow label, handwritten and (handwritten), b) "PARATIPO 0" (orange la­ typeface), e) "CHILE M. N. H. N. Tipo No bel, typeface and handwritten), c) "Callichlo­ 2965" (typeface and handwritten), D "Platy­ ris (Calli-chloris) laelaps. Gut 0 R. Gutierrez­ coelia laelaps (Gutierrez, 1951) 0 Det: AB.T. Det.49 " (handwritten and typeface), d) "CAL­ Smith 2002" (typeface). One male paratype at LICHLORIS LAELAPS GUTIERREZ 0 MNNC labeled a) "Peru 1-11-49 Anta-Cuzco NEOTYPEAB.T. SMITH 2002" (handwritten 4200 ms Kuschel" (handwritten), b) and typeface), e) "Platycoelia laelaps "PARATIPO" (red label, typeface), c) "CALLI­ (Gutierrez, 1951) 0 Det: AB.T. Smith 2002" CHLORIS LAELAPS GUTIERREZ 0 (typeface). The location of the holotype and PARATYPE" (yellow label, handwritten and two additional male paratypes from typeface), d) "CHILE M. N. H. N. Tipo No Gutierrez's original type series is unknown. 2966" (typeface and handwritten), e) "Platy­ The holotype male was deposited in the coelia laelaps (Gutierrez, 1951) 0 Det: AB.T. "Sociedad Cientifica Chilena Claudio Gay" Smith 2002" (typeface). Type locality: Anta, collection (Gutierrez 1951). This short-lived Cusco, Peru. MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 185

DESCRIPTION. Male (n=4). Length 13.1- bifurcate. Modified mesotarsal and metatar­ 15.0 mm, width 8.1-9.3 mm. Color dorsally sal claws elongated with ventral tooth, not green; broad black band along apex and base thickened. Male Genitalia: Phallobase 1.4 of head; black band along lateral, apical and times longer than length of parameres. suture margins of elytron. Ventrally dark Parameres with weakly curved dorsally. brown, dark yellow legs. Body ovate, convex. Female (n=l). Length 18.0 mm, width Head: Dorsal surface setose; setae long, 10.4 mm. As male except in the following re­ tawny. Frons sparsely punctate (base) to spects. Color dorsally yellowish-tan; broad densely punctate (apex), clypeus rugose, black band along apex and base of head; black punctures moderate. Frons not depressed. band along lateral, apical and suture margins Frontoclypeal suture complete, obscured by of elytron. Head: Antennal club slightly longer punctures. Clypeal apex rounded, reflexed. than segments 2-6. Legs: Protarsomere 4 Eyes separated by approximately 4.8 trans­ without internoapical stridulatory ridge. verse eye-widths. Labrum rugose, setose; se­ Protarsomere 5 without internal tooth or tae tawny. Apex of labrum with minute, swelling. Modified protarsal claw with ventral triangular, medial tooth, apex of tooth well tooth, not thickened. separated from apex of mentum. Apex of men­ tum with medial notch. Antenna 9-seg­ DIAGNOSIS. This species is distinguished mented; club approximately equal to other from all other species in the genus Platycoelia segments combined, approximately equal to by the following combination of characters: length of frons. Pronotum: Surface with scat­ dorsal color green or yellowish-tan with a tered setae; setae long, tawny. Surface broad black band along the apex and base of sparsely punctate, with moderate punctures. the head and along the lateral, apical and su­ Marginal bead present apically (except medi­ ture margins of the elytron; frons sparsely se­ ally) and laterally, absent basally. Elytron: tose laterally; frontoclypeal suture complete; Surface glabrous; longitudinal striae weakly apex of labrum with a reduced, triangular punctate; intervals impunctate. Suture tooth not overlapping the mentum; mentum apically rounded. Pygidium: Width approxi­ with a medial notch; antenna 9-segmented; mately 1. 7 times length medially. Surface pronotum sparsely setose, with weak macu­ smooth, flat, sparsely punctate; punctures lations; elytron without distinct, yellow, lon­ moderate, glabrous (except near apex); setae gitudinallines; elytron sparsely setose at the long, tawny. Venter: Thorax densely setose; base; elytral apices not capable of completely setae long, tawny to golden-brown. Mesotho­ covering the pygidium; mesothoracic process racic process reduced to nub adjacent to nub to weakly projecting apically; apical ab­ mesocoxa. Abdomen sparsely setose; setae dominal spiracle not protuberant; meso­ moderate, tawny. Apical spiracles not extrud­ tarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without an ing. Legs: Protibia with 3 teeth in apical half; internal tooth; parameres with the apex first and second teeth subequal in size; third rounded, not expanded. tooth shorter, removed slightly from apical teeth. Mesotibia and metatibia widest DISTRIBUTION (Fig. 73). Known only from apically. Protarsomeres 2-4 wider than long, one locality: Anta, Cusco, Peru. cup-shaped. Protarsomere 4 with weak internoapical stridulatory ridge. Protarso­ LOCALITY DATA. 5 specimens examined mere 5 with weak internomedial stridulatory from HAHC, MNNC, UCCC. tooth. Mesotarsomere 5 and metatarsomere 5 without internal tooth. Unguitractor plate cy­ PERU (5). CUSCO (5): Anta. lindrical, with 1 apical and 1 subapical seta. Modified protarsal claw with length approxi­ TEMPORAL DATA. February (5). mately equal to protarsomere 5, thickened and elongated when compared with other claw, dorsoventrally flattened, apex unevenly 186 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

First and foremost, I thank my family for thank Federico Ocampo and Aura Paucar­ their never-ending support. My wife, Tracey, Cabrera who were fellow graduate students in has always been extremely supportive of my our laboratory during my tenure as a Ph.D. biological pursuits. She made significant per­ student at the University of Nebraska State sonal and career sacrifices by moving to a for­ Museum. They have both been supportive, eign country and living the life of a graduate helpful, personable, collaborative, friendly, student while I pursued a Ph.D. degree, and I inquisitive, provided me with constructive will forever be grateful to her. She has also criticism, and have generally been a lot offun been a wonderful companion on several field to be around. They are also both top-notch trips over the years. I also thank Tracey and scarab systematists. our daughters Ainsley and Maia for being un­ I also acknowledge Leon Higley (Depart­ derstanding and supportive when it came to ment of Entomology, UNL) and John Janovy going away on trips or spending late hours in (School of Biological Sciences, UNL), who the museum working on scarab research. I served for over four years on my supervisory thank my parents, Ian and Susan for my early committee. The Department of Entomology and persistent exposure to nature that played (UNL) has always been extremely supportive a large part in forming the values and inter­ of me, and I especially thank Department ests I hold today, and my brother Julian, who Head, Z B Mayo, for his contributions to my was always my "partner in crime" during efforts. Also from the Department of Ento mol­ those years when we did everything together. ogy (UNL), I thank Tiffany Heng-Moss, My father is a research scientist with the Ca­ Sharron Quisenberry, and Marilyn Weidner nadian National Collection who studies water for their willingness to provide assistance. mite systematics. From a young age, I spent a Other individuals at the University of Ne­ lot of time traveling around North America, braska who have facilitated my Ph.D. tenure staying at field stations, camping in parks, include Guillermo Orti (School of Biological and going to other remote areas while my fa­ Sciences) and Trish Freeman (University of ther collected water mites. I think this was a Nebraska State Museum). rare and special opportunity for a young per­ I am grateful to the Field Museum of son to experience in this day and age of exces­ Natural History in Chicago, the United States sive urbanization, television, and other National Museum (Smithsonian), the Cana­ "improvements" and "modernizations" in our dian National Collection ofInsects (CanaColl), lives. The following individuals were very Entomological Society of America, and Sigma influencial along the career path that lead me Xi for awards supporting my travel to insti­ to scarab systematics and they all have my tutions and meetings during my Ph.D. tenure. thanks: Monty Wood, Henry Howden, R. A. I thank the following University of Nebraska­ Lautenschlager, Claus Vogel, Mike Butler, Jim Lincoln organizations for additional financial Rising, Stuart Peck, and Doug Currie. support for my research and travel to meet­ I acknowledge and thank my Ph.D. co­ ings: Initiative for Ecological and Evolution­ supervisors, Drs. Brett Ratcliffe and Mary Liz ary Analysis, Department of Entomology, Jameson. They played a big role in my success Bruner Club (Department of Entomology), as a Ph.D. student by being supportive of my and International Programs. research interests (even when they were tan­ My research involved travel to conduct gential) and by pushing me to do better. They field work and museum work. I am deeply went beyond the typical role of a graduate stu­ grateful for the outpouring of help and friend­ dent supervisor by being mentors, colleagues, ship that many of my good hosts provided in and friends. Their support manifested itself various places. I thank the following individu­ not only in the freedom to pursue some my als for their hospitality while visiting their own interests, but also the financial and tech­ institutions and/or countries: Giovanni Onore nical backing of the laboratory to achieve my and Aura Paucar-Cabrera (Ecuador, QCAZ); goals. Brett and Mary Liz are also thanked for Luis Joly, Jose Clavijo, and Carlos Bord6n critically reviewing this monograph. I also (Venezuela, MIZA); Malcolm Kerley and MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 187

Team Scarab at Selva Negra, Nicaragua. From the left, back row: Andrew Smith and Matt Paulsen; front row: Julio Torres, Federico Ocampo, Brett Ratcliffe, and Mary Liz Jameson. The rusted tank was used by the Sandinistas in the 1980s but now points travelers in the direction of the Hotel Selva Negra. Photo by Ron Cave.

Alfried Vogler (United Kingdom, BMNH); ham and family, Frank Hovore and family, Jean Menier (France, MNHN); Hella Wendt Chuck Bellamy, and Phil Harpootlian (Los An­ and Constanze Paetel (Germany, ZMHB); Ron geles [and vicinity], California, AJRC, RACC, Cave, Roberto Cordero, and Julio Torres (Hon­ LACM). I also thank the individuals and insti­ duras, EAPZ); Jean-Michel Maes (Nicaragua, tutions mentioned in the Methods and Mate­ JMMC); Eunice Echeverria and Flor Urrutia rials section for making material available to (EI Salvador, National Collection of Insects); me for study. Daniel Curoe and Vladislav Miguel Monne and Fernando Vaz-de-Mello Maly are thanked for allowing specimens (Brazil); Al Newton, Margret Thayer, and Phil from their personal collections to be deposited Parrillo (Chicago, Illinois, FMNH); David at UNSM as holotypes of new species. Furth, Nancy Adams, and Gloria House I thank Peter Allsopp and an anonymous (Washington, D. C., USMN); Bob Anderson, reviewer for excellent reviews of this manu­ Fran90is Genier, Henry Howden, and Anne script. Dan Schmidt is gratefully acknowl­ Howden (Ottawa, Ontario, CMNC); Yves edged for the excellent Platycoelia carbon Bousquet, Ales Smetana, Monty Wood, and dust habitus illustrations and the cover illus­ Bruce Gill (Ottawa, Ontario, CNC!); Doug tration. Angie Fox is thanked for the cover Currie, Brad Hubley, Andy Bennett, Chris layout and assistance with the illustrations. Darling, and John Swann (Toronto, Ontario, Linda Ratcliffe is gratefully acknowledged for ROME); Steve Ashe and Rod Hanley (Law­ her publication design and layout of the rence, Kansas, SEMC); Terry Wheeler (Ste. manuscript. Muchas gracias to Federico Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, LEMQ); Dave Ocampo for translating the abstract and keys Hawks, Doug Yanega, John Heraty, and Mar­ into Spanish. This project was supported, in tin Barnes (Riverside, California, UCRC); part, by an NSFIPEET grant (DEB-9712447) Alex Reifschneider and family, Rich Cunning- to B. Ratcliffe and M. Jameson. 188 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

LITERATURE CITED

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Ohaus, F. 1905. Revision der amerikanischen Ratcliffe, B. C. 1990. The significance of Anoplognathiden (Coleoptera lamelli­ scarab beetles in the ethnoentomology of cornia). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung non-industrial, indigenous peoples. Pro­ 66:120-167. ceedings of the First International Con­ Ohaus, F. 1908. Die Ruteliden meiner gress of Ethnobiology 1:159-185. Sammelreisen in Stidamerika (Col.). Ratcliffe, B. C. 2002. A checklist of the Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Panama. 1908:383-408. Zootaxa 32:1-48. Ohaus, F. 1909a. Bericht tiber eine entomolo­ Ratcliffe, B. C. and F. Ocampo. 2002. A review gische Studienreise in Stidamerika. Stet­ of the genus Hylamorpha Arrow (Coleop­ tiner Entomologische Zeitung 70:3-139. tera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplog­ Ohaus, F. 1909b. Neue Coleoptera lamel­ nathini: Brachysternina). Coleopterists Ii cornia aus Argentinien. Deutsche Bulletin 56:367-378. Entomologische Zeitschrift 1909: 425-447. Remane, A. 1956. Die Grundlagen des natur­ Ohaus, F. 1917. Neue Geniatinen (Col. lichen Systems der vergleichenden Lamell. Rutelin.). Stettiner Entomolo­ Anatomie und Phylogenetik, volume 2. gische Zeitung 78:3-53. Geest and Portig, Leipzig, Germany. Ohaus, F. 1918. Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, 362 pp. Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Sharp, D. 1878. Description of some new spe­ Catalogus 20:1-241. [dated 19151. cies of beetles (Scarabreidae) from Cen­ Ohaus, F. 1925. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der tral America. Journal of the Linnean Ruteliden (Col. lamell.). Deutsche Society 13:129-138. Entomologische Zeitschrift 1925:75-83. Sherborn, C. D. 1899. A note on the date ofthe Ohaus, F. 1952. Rutelinae (Col. Scarab.), p. 1- parts of 'Humboldt and Bonpland's Voy­ 10. In E. Titschack (ed.), Beitriige zur age: Observations de Zoologie.' Annals Fauna Perus, volume 3. Gustav Fischer, and Magazine of Natural History series Jena. 256 pp. 7 volume 3:428. Onore, G. 1997. A brief note on edible insects Smith, A. B. T. 2002a. Revision of the south­ in Ecuador. Ecology of Food and Nutrition ern South American endemic genus 36:277 -285. Aulacopalpus Guerin-Meneville with Papavero, N. 1971. Essays on the History of phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses Neotropical Dipterology, with Special Ref­ of the subtribe Brachysternina (Co­ erence to Collectors (1750-1905), volume leoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anop­ 1. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de lognathini). Coleopterists Bulletin Sao Paulo, 216 pp. 56:379-437. Papavero, N. 1973. Essays on the History of Smith, A. B. T. 2002b. Case 3237: Leucopel­ Neotropical Dipterology, with Special Ref­ aea albescens Bates, 1891 (Insecta, Co­ erence to Collectors (1750-1905), volume leoptera): proposed validation of the 2. Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de lectotype designation. Bulletin ofZoologi­ Sao Paulo, pp. 217-446. cal Nomenclature 59:97-98. Paucar-Cabrera, A. and A. B. T. Smith. 2002. Smith, A. B. T. and M. L. Jameson. 2001. Larval descriptions for the Neotropical Eremophygus bicolor (Gutierrez) (Co­ genus Platycoelia (Coleoptera: Scara­ leoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: baeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini). Co­ Rutelini): a new tribal and generic place­ leopterists Bulletin 56:438-445. ment for the Bolivian scarab Platycoelia Pulawski, W. J. and 1. M. Kerzhner. 2001, Ar­ bicolor (Gutierrez) (Anoplognathini). Co­ ticle 74.7.3 of the code: proposed deletion. leopterists Bulletin 55( 1): 103-106. Zoosystematica Rossica 10(1): 1-7. 192 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

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Appendix 1. Character matrix used in the phylogenetic analysis

4 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Pha/angogonia sperata 4 o o o o o 2 2 4 o o Platycoelia abdominalis o o o o 2 o 2 2 o Platycoelia aenigma 4 o o 2 o o ? o o ? ? Platycoelia alternans o o o 1 2 2 Platycoelia alticola 1 o o 2 o 1 ? o o ? Platycoelia altiplana o o o o 2 o Platycoelia baessleri o o 2 o 2 o o Platycoelia bocki 1 2 1 o o o o o Platycoelia bordoni o 1 o o 1 o o Plafycoelia burmeisteri o o o 2 2 o o Platyeoelia burmeisteriana o o o o 3 2 o Platycoelia butleri o o o 2 2 o Platycoelia chrysotina o o o o o 2 2 Platycoelia confluens o o o o o 3 3 Platycoelia convexa 2 o o o 2 o 2 2 Platycoelia flavohumeralis o o o o ? o ? Platycoelia flavoscutellata 2 o o o o ? Platycoelia flavostriata o o 2 0&1 o 2 2 3 Platycoelia forcipalis o o 3 o o o 2 Platycoelia furva o o o 2 o o o Platycoelia galerana o o o o o 2 2 2 Platycoelia gaujoni o o o o o 1 o Platycoelia grandicula o o o o o 2 o 2 2 2 Platycoelia haenkei 4 o o 3 o o o o o o o Platycoelia helleri 1 1&4 o o o 3 1 o o 1 o o Platycoelia hiporum o 3 o o o ? o 2 2 Platycoelia hirta o 1 o o o 3 Platycoelia humera/is o o 3 o 2 2 Platycoelia ignota o 4 o o o ? Platycoelia inca 1 o o 2 o 1 2 o o o Platycoelia inflata o o o o o o 2 2 2 1 Platycoelia insolita o o o o o 2 o o o Platycoelia intermedia 2 o o o 2 o 2 2 2 Platycoelia interstincta 2 1 o o o ? o 2 2 ? ? Platycoelia kirsch; o 1 o o o o o 1 Platycoelia laelaps o o 2 o o 2 o o o Platycoelia lutescens o 0&1 o o o 1 Platycoelia marginata o 2 2 o Platycoelia meridensis o o o o o 2 1 2 2 Platycoelia mesosterna/is o o o o o o 2 2 2 Platycoelia nervosa o o o 1 2 1 2 2 Platycoelia nigrosternalis 2 o o o 3 o 2 3 Platycoelia occidentalis o o o o Platycoelia parva o 0&1 o o o o o o Platycoelia paucarae o 2 o 2 2 2 2 1 Platycoelia penai o 2 o o 1 2 2 2 1 Platyeoelia peruviana o 2 o o o 4 2 2 2 o Platycoelia pomacea o o o o 2 o 2 2 2 o Platycoelia pras;na o o o 2 2 2 Platycoelia puncticollis 2 1 o o o o 1 3 o Platycoelia pusilla o o o o o o 2 o ? o o Platycoelia quadrilineata o o o o 2 o o o Platycoelia rufosignata o o o o 2 o Platycoelia sandia o o 2 2 2 2 Platycoelia selanderi o o o o 2 2 2 1 o Platycoelia signaticollis o 1&4 o o 0&1 o 2 o o o o Platycoelia simplicior 0&1 o o o ? 2 o Platycoelia steinheili o o o o 3 o Platycoelia traeeyae 1 o o o o o o 3 Platycoelia unguicularis 2 1 o o o 2 Platycoelia valida o o 1 o 2 2 o Platycoelia variolosa o o 2 o 1 2 2 2 2 Platycoelia wallis; o o o 0&1 o 2 o o o 194 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Appendix 1. Continued

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

Phalangogonia sperata 3 2 o 1&2 o o 1 1 o 2 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia abdominalis 3 2 o 0 o o 2 0 o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia aenigma ? o o o 2 1 o 0 o ? ? ? o 3 Platyeoelia alternans 2 1 o 2 o 1 0 2 o o o 20&1 Platyeoelia altieola ? o o 1 1 2 o o 0 o 0 3 Platyeoelia altiplana 2 o o 2 o 2 1 o 0 o o o 1 3 Platyeoelia baessleri 1 o o o o o o o 0 o o 1 o 0 3 Platyeoelia boeki 2 o o o o o o 0 o o 0 1 o 0 3 Platyeoelia bordoni 2 2 o o o 0 o o 0 o o 3 Plafycoelia burmeisteri 3 2 2 o 2 o o 0 o o o o 2 1 Platyeoelia burmeisteriana 3 1 o o 0 o 2 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia butleri 3 2 o 0 o o 0 o o 0 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia ehrysotina 2 2 o o o 2 o 0 2 o o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia eonfluens 2 o o o o 0 o o 0 o o 3 Platyeoelia convexa 3 2 o o 2 o o 2 o 2 o 2 0 Platyeoelia flavohumeralis 3 o o 2 o o 0 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia flavoseutellata 2 2 2 o o 2 o o 2 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia flavostriata 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 o 2 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia foreipalis 3 2 o 2 o 2 2 o o o 1 o 2 0 Platyeoelia furva 2 o 2 o 2 o 0 1 o o 0 o o 1 3 Platyeoelia galerana 3 2 o 2 o 2 o 0 2 o 2 1 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia gaujoni 1 2 o o o o 0 o o o o 1 3 Platyeoelia grandicula o 1 2 o 2 o o o 0 2 o 2 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia haenkei o o o 2 3 o o 2 o 0 3 Platyeoelia helled 2 0 o o 1 o 2 1 o 0 o o o 0 3 Platyeoelia hiporum o 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 2 o 2 1 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia hirta 2 2 o 2 o 2 1 o 0 2 o o 0 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia humeralis o 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 2 o 2 1 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia ignota ? ? o 2 o 2 o 0 1 o o 0 1 o 0 3 Platyeoelia inca o o 1 2 2 o 0 o o o o o 0 Platyeoelia inflata 3 3 3 2 1 o 2 o 2 o o o o 2 Platyeoelia insolita 2 2 o o o 2 1 2 0 o o o o 1 Platyeoelia intermedia o 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 2 o 2 o 2 0 Platyeoelia interstineta ? 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 o ? o 2 0 Platyeoelia kirsehi 2 o o o o o 0&1 o o o 0 3 Platyeoelia laelaps 2 o o o 2 o o o 1 o 0 3 Platyeoelia luteseens 2 o o 2 o 0 o o 0 o o 0 3 Platycoelia marginata 3 3 2 o 2 2 0 o o 0 o o 1 3 Platycoelia meridensis 3 3 2 o o 2 o 0 o o 0 o o 1&2 3 Platyeoelia mesosternalis o 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 1 o o 1 1 1 2 Platyeoelia nervosa 3 3 2 1 o 2 o 1 0 2 o o o o 2 Platyeoelia nigrosternalis o 3 2 o 2 o 2 1 o 2 o 2 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia oeeidentalis 3 3 2 o o 2 o o 2 o o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia parva 2 1&2 o o 0&1 o 1 1 o 0 o o 0 o o Platyeoelia pauearae o 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 2 o 2 o 2 0 Platyeoelia penai 3 1 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 2 2 o 2 0 Platyeoelia peruviana 3 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o 0 o o o 2 0 Platycoelia pomacea 3 3 3 2 o o o 2 0 o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia prasina 3 3 2 o 2 o 2 o 0 o o 0&1 o o 1 3 Platyeoelia punetieollis 3 2 2 o 2 o o o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia pusilla 2 2 o o 1 o o o o o o o 3 Platyeoelia quadrilineata 2 2 o 2 2 o o o o o o o 3 Platyeoelia rufosignata 2 2 o 2 2 o 2 1 o o o o o o o Platyeoelia sandia 3 2 o 2 o 2 o o o 2 o 2 1 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia selanderi 2 1 o 2 o 1 o o o o o 1 3 Platyeoelia signatieollis 2 2 o o o o o o o o 1 o o Platyeoelia simplieior 3 1 2 o 2 o 2 o o o o o o o o 3 Platycoelia steinheili 3 1 o o o 2 o o o o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia traeeyae 2 o o o 2 o o o o o o 2 0 Platycoelia unguicularis o 3 o o 2 1 o o 2 o 0&2 o o o 2 0 Platyeoelia valida 3 3 2 o o 2 0 o o 0 o o 2 0 Platyeoelia vario/osa 3 2 o 2 o 2 0 o o 2 o 2 o 1 2 0 Platyeoelia wallisi 2&3 o o 2 2 1&2 o o 0&1 o 0 o o 20&1 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 195

Appendix 1. Continued

39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

Phalangogonia sperata 2 o 2 o o o o o o o o o 1 Platycoelia abdominalis 2 o 2 o o o 1 o o o o Platycoelia aenigma ? ? o o o o Platycoelia alternans 2 o o 2 1 o 2 o o Platycoelia afticola o o o o o Platycoelia altiplana 2 2 2 1 o o o o Platycoelia baessleri o o o ? ? 1 Platycoelia bocki o o 2 o o 2 o o 2 1 Platycoelia bordoni 2 2 2 o o o o o o o Platycoelia burmeisteri 2 2 o 2 1 1 o o o o o o Platyeoelia burmeisteriana 2 2 o 2 o o o o o o o Platycoelia butleri o 2 o o o 1 o Platyeoelia chrysotina 2 2 o o o o o Platycoelia confluens 2 2 2 2 o o o o o 1 o Platyeoelia convexa 2 2 o 2 o o o o 1 o o 2 o Platycoelia f1avohumeralis 2 2 2 o o ? o o o o o Platycoelia f1avoscutelfata 1 2 o 2 o o 2 o o 1 o Platycoelia f1avostriata 2 2 o 2 1 0 2 1 o o o o o 2 o Platycoelia forcipalis 2 2 o 2 o 0 o o o o o 1 o Platycoelia furva 2 o 2 o o o o o o o 1 o Platycoelia galerana 2 2 o 2 o 2 o o o o 2 o Platycoelia gaujoni 2 2 2 o o 1 o o o Platyeoelia grandicula 2 2 o 2 2 o 2 o o o Platycoelia haenkei o 1 o 2 ? o o o Platycoelia helferi 2 o o ? o o o 1 1 Platycoelia hiporum 2 2 o 2 ? o 2 o o o Platycoelia hirla 2 1 o o o o Platyeoelia humeralis 2 o 2 o 2 o o o 1 2 o Platycoelia ignota o 2 o 2 o o o o o 2 Platycoelia inca o 2 2 o o 1 o 1 o o o o Platycoelia inflata 5 2 0&1 o 2 o o o o 2 o Platycoelia insolita o o o ? o o o o o o o 1 Platyeoelia intermedia 2 2 o 2 o o o o 2 o Platycoelia interstincta a o 0 2 ? o o o o 2 o Platyeoelia kirsch; o ? o o ? ? ? ? 1 Platycoelia laelaps o 2 o o 1 o o o Platycoelia lutescens 1&2 2 2 o o o o o 1 o Platycoelia marginata 1 2 o o 0&1 o o o 2 o o 2 Platycoelia meridensis 2 o o o 0 o o o 2 o o 1 0&1 Platyeoelia mesosternalis 4 o o 1 o o 1 o o o o Platycoelia nervosa 5 2 o o 0 o 2 o o 2 1 o Platyeoelia nigrosternalis 2 2 o 2 1 0 2 o o o 2 o Platycoelia occidentalis 5 2 o 2 o o o o o Platycoelia parva 2 2 2 0&1 o o o o o o Platycoelia paucarae 2 2 o 2 2 o 2 o o o Platycoelia penai 2 2 o 2 o 2 o o o 1 o o Platyeoelia peruviana 2 2 2 o 2 o o o o o 2 o Platycoelia pomacea 4 o 2 o 0 o o 1 o 1 1 o Platyeoelia prasina 2 o o 0&1 0 o o 2 o o o Platycoelia puncticollis 2 2 2 1 o o o o 1 Platycoelia pusilla 2 2 2 o ? o o o o Platycoelia quadrilineata 1&2 2 o 2 o o o o o o o o Platycoelia rufosignata 2 o 2 o o o o o o o o Platyeoelia sandia 2 2 o 1 o 2 o o o o o Platycoelia selanderi 2 2 o o 0&1 o 1&2 o 2 o o o 1 Platyeoelia signaticollis 1 2 o o o o o Platycoelia simplicior o o 2 o 1&2 o 2 o o o 1 Platycoelia steinheili 2 2 o o o o o o o o Platyeoelia traceyae 5 2 2 1 o o o 1 1 Platycoelia unguicularis o 2 2 o o o o o o Platycoelia valida 5 2 o o o o o Platyeoelia varia/asa 1 2 o 2 2 o o 2 o o o Platycoelia wallisi 5 2 o 2 o o o 2 o 196 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Appendix 1. Continued

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76

Phalangogonia sperata 1 o 1 o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia abdominalis o 2 1 o o o 1 2 o o o PlatycoeUa aenigma o o o o o o o ? ? ? ? ? ? Platycoelia alternans o o 1 o o o 1 1 o Platycoelia alticola o o 1 o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia altiplana o o o o o o o o o 0 Platyeoelia baessleri o o o o ? ? ? o o o 0 Platycoelia bocki o o o 2 o o o 2 o o o 0 Platyeoelia bordon; o o o 1 o o o 1 1 o o o Platycoelia burmeisteri o o o o o o o 1 o o Platyeoelia burmeisteriana o o 1 o o o o o o 3 Platycoelia butleri o o o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia chrrsotina o o o o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia confluens o o 1 o o o 1 o o 0 Platyeoelia convexa o 2 2 o o 2 2 o o o 1 Platycoelia flavohumeralis o o o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia flavoscutelfata o o o o o o o 1 1 o o o 0 Platycoelia flavostriata o 1 2 2 o o 2 2 o o o o Platycoelia forcipalis o o 2 2 o o 2 2 o o 1 o o 1 Platycoelia furva o o o o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia galerana o 1 2 o o 1 2 2 o o o Platycoelia gaujoni o o o 1 o o o 1 o o o 3 Platycoelia grandicula o 1 o o 1 2 o o o o Platycoelia haenkei o o o 0 o o o o o o Platycoelia heifer; o o o o 1 o o o Platycoelia hiporum o 1 2 o o o 1 2 o o o o Platycoelia hirta o o o 1 1 o o o o o o 0 Platyeoelia humeralis 2 0&1 2 o o 2 2 o o o Platycoelia ignota o o o 1 2 o o o 2 o o 0 Platycoelia inca o o o o o o o o o o Platycoelia inflata o o o o 2 Platycoelia insolita o o 1 o o Platyeoelia intermedia o 2 2 o o 2 2 o o o Platycoelia interstincta 2 o o 2 2 o o o o 0 Platycoelia kirschi o o ? 2 1 o ? ? ? ? ? ? o ? Platycoelia laelaps o o o 1 o o o o o o o Platycoelia lutescens o o o o o o o o 0 Platyeoelia marginata o o o o o o o 2 Platyeoelia meridensis o o o o o o o o 2 o o 2 Platycoelia mesosternalis o o o 0 o o o o o o o Platyeoelia nervosa o o 1 o 1 o o 2 Platycoelia nigrosternalis o 1 2 2 0 o 2 2 o o o o Platyeoelia accidenta/is o o 2 o o 2 Platycoelia parva o o o o o o o o Platycoelia paucarae o 2 o 0 o 2 o o o o Platyeoelia penai o 2 2 0 o 2 o o Platycoelia peruviana o o 2 o 0 o o 2 o o o o Platyeoelia pomacea o o o o o o o o o 3 Platyeoelia prasina o o o 2 o 2 Platycoelia puncticollis o o 2 o 1 2 2 o o 2 Platycoelia pusil/a o o o 1 o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia quadrilineata o o o 0&1 o o o o o o 0 Platyeoelia rufosignata o o o o o o o o o o Platycoelia sandia o 2 2 0 o 2 2 o o o Platycoelia selanderi o 1 1 o 1 o 2 o o 2 Platycoelia signaticollis o o o o o o 1 o o o 0 Platycoelia simplicior o o o 1 o 2 o o 2 Platyeoelia steinheili o o o o o o o o 0 Platycoelia trace yae o o o 1 o o o o o Plafycoelia unguicularis o o o o o o o o Platycoelia valida o o 2 o 2 o o Platycoelia variolosa o 2 o 0 o 2 o o o o 1 Platycoelia wallisi o 2 0 o o 2 o o o o 3 MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 197

Appendix 1. Continued

77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89

Phalangogonia sperata o 0 o 1 o 0 o 1 o o Platyeoelia abdominalis o 0 o 2 o 0 2 o 3 3 o o Platyeoelia aenigma 1 2 2 o 0 o 0 ? o Platyeoelia alternans o o 2 o 3 0&1 o 0 o o o Platyeoelia altieola o o o 0 0 o 1 1 o Platyeoelia altiplana o o 2 o 3 1 o 0 o o o Platyeoelia baessleri o o o o 0 o Platyeoelia boeki o o o o 0 o Platyeoelia bordoni o o 2 1 0 o 2 0 Platyeoelia burmeisteri o o o 2 3 0 o o 0 0 Platycoelia burmeisteriana o o 2 3 0 o o 0 0 Platyeoelia butleri o o o o 2 3 1 2 0 Platyeoelia ehrYsotina o o o o 2 o 3 0 2 Platyeoelia eonfluens o o o o 2 o 3 1 2 0 Platycoelia convexa o o 2 o o 0 2 0&1 1 Platycoelia f1avohumeralis o o 2 o 3 0 o o 0 0 o Platyeoelia flavoseuteflata o 2 o 2 0 o o 0 0 o Platycoelia f1avostriata o o o 2 o 3 0&1 o o 0 0 o Platyeoelia foreipalis 1 o 2 o 3 0 o 2 2 0 o Platyeoelia furva o o 2 o 0&2 o o 0 o 0&1 o Platycoelia galerana o o o o 2 o 0&1 o 1&3 0 o Platyeoelia gaujoni o o o 2 o o o 2 0 0 o Platyeoelia grandieula o o 2 o o 0 o o 0 0 o Platyeoelia haenkei o o o o 0 o 2 0 o Platyeoelia hefleri o 2 o o o 1 o o Platyeoelia hiporum o o o 2 o o o 2 o o o Platyeoelia hirta o o o 2 o 1 o 2 2 o o Platyeoelia humeralis o o o o o o 2 2 o Platyeoelia ignota 1 2 o o o 1 o o Platycoelia inca o o 1 2 o o o 0 o Platyeoelia inflata o o o o o 1 o o o o Platycoelia inso/ita o o 1 o 0&2 o o o 1 0&1 o Platycoelia intermedia o o o o 2 o o o 0 o o o Platycoelia interstincta o o o o 2 o o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia kirsehi o o o o o o o 1 o Platyeoelia laelaps o o o 2 o o 1 o o Platycoelia lutescens o o o o o o o o o o Platyeoelia marginata o o o o o o 1 o Platyeoelia meridensis o o o o 2 o 1 o o o o Platycoelia mesosternalis o o o o 2 o o o o o o Platyeoelia nervosa o o o o 2 o o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia nigrosternalis o o o o o 3 o 2 o o Platyeoelia oeeidentalis 1 o o o o o 0 o o 1 Platyeoelia parva o o o o 2 o o o 0&2 o o o Platyeoelia pauearae o o o o o o 2 o 1 Platyeoelia penal o o o 2 o o o 2 o o o Platycoelia peruviana o o o 2 o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia pomaeea o o o o 2 o 2 o o o o Platycoelia prasina o o o o 2 o o 2 o o o Platyeoelia punetieollis o o o o 2 o 2 o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia pusifla o o o o 2 o o o 2 o o o Platyeoelia quadrilineata o o o 2 o 0&1 o 1&2 0&3 o 0&1 Platyeoelia rufosignata o o 2 o 2 o o 2 o o Platyeoelia sandia o o o o 2 o o o o 1 Platyeoelia selander; o o o o 2 o o o o 0 2 o o Platyeoelia signatieollis 2 o 2 o o o o o Platyeoelia simplicior o o o o o o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia steinheili o o o o o o o 1 o Platyeoelia traeeyae o o o o o 2 o o 0 o o o Platycoelia unguicularis o o o o o 2 o 1 0&1 o o Platyeoelia valida o o o o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia varia/asa o o o o o 0 o o o Platyeoelia wallisi o o o o o o o 0 o o o 198 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Appendix 2. Checklist of the World Anoplognathini MacLeay, 1819

Subtribe Anoplonathina MacLeay, 1819 Anoplognathus pallidicollis Blanchard, 1851 (Anoplognathus)­ Australia Genus Anop/ognathus Leach, 1815 Anoplognathus parvulus Waterhouse, 1873 (Anoplognathus) - Paranonca Laporte, 1840 Australia Anoplognathus mastersii MacLeay, 1873 Anop/ognathus abnormis MacLeay, 1873 (Anop/ognathus) - Anoplognathus cuprifulgens Ohaus, 1904 Australia Anoplognathus pindarus Carne, 1957 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Anoplognathus quadrilineatus Waterhouse, 1874 Anoplognathus porosus (Dalman, 1817) (Rutela) - Australia Anop/ognathus aeneus Waterhouse, 1868 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus inustus Kirby, 1818 Australia Anoplognathus pectoralis Burmeister, 1844 Anoplognathus aureus Waterhouse, 1889 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus luridus Arrow, 1901 Australia Anoplognathus prasinus (Laporte, 1840) (Paranonca) - Australia Gal/oodes frenchi Blackburn, 1890 Anoplognathus punctulatus insularis Ohaus, 1898 (Anoplognathus) Anoplognathus concinnus Blackburn, 1900 - Papua New Guinea Anoplognathus blackdownensis Carne, 1981 (Anoplognathus)­ Anoplognathus punctulatus punctulatus Olliff, 1890 (Anoplog­ Australia nathus) - Australia Anop/ognathus boisduva/ii Boisduval, 1835 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus rhinastus Blanchard, 1851 (Anoplognathus)­ Australia Australia Anoplognathus pulchripes Burmeister, 1844 Anoplognathus rothschildti Ohaus, 1898 (Anoplognathus) - Anop/ognathus lineatus MacLeay, 1864 Australia Anop/ognathus brevicollis Blackburn, 1892 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus rubiginosus MacLeay, 1873 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Australia Anoplognathus brunnipennis Gyllenhal, 1817 (Anoplognathus)­ Anoplognathus rugosus Kirby, 1818 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Australia Anoplognathus viridicollis Boisduval, 1835 Anoplognathus f/avipennis Boisduval, 1835 Anoplognathus longipennis MacLeay, 1873 Anoplognathus castaneipennis Laporte, 1840 Anoplognathus dispar MacLeay, 1873 Anoplognathus quadrimaculatus Ohaus, 1898 Anoplognathus smaragdinus Ohaus, 1904 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus chloropyrus (Drapiez, 1819) (Anoplognathus)­ Australia Australia Gal/oodes prasinus MacLeay, 1873 Anoplognathus nitidulus Boisduval, 1835 Gal/oodes translucidus Benderitter, 1923 Anoplognathus concolor Burmeister, 1855 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus suturalis Boisduval, 1835 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Australia Anoplognathus daemeli Ohaus, 1898 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Anoplognathus velutinus Boisduval, 1835 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus micantipennis Ohaus, 1898 Australia Anoplognathus flindersensis Carne, 1981 (Anoplognathus)­ Anoplognathus vietor Allsopp and Carne, 1986 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Australia Anoplognathus hilleri Allsopp, 1990 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Anoplognathus viridiaeneus (Donovan, 1805) (Melolontha)­ Anoplognathus hirsutus Burmeister, 1844 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Australia Rutela caesarea Billberg, 1817 Anoplognathus explanatus Arrow, 1901 Rutela latreillei Gyllenhal, 1817 Anoplognathus quadraticeps Ohaus, 1904 Anoplognathus viriditarsis Leach, 1815 (Anoplognathus)­ Anoplognathus macalpinei Carne, 1981 (Anoplognathus)­ Australia Australia Rutela analis Dalman, 1817 Anoplognathus mac/eayi aurora Arrow, 1919 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplognathus reticulatus Boisduval, 1835 Australia Anoplognathus impressifrons Boisduval, 1835 Anoplognathus macleayi macleayi Blackburn, 1892 (Anoplog­ Anoplognathus viridicol/is MacLeay, 1873 nathus) - Australia Anoplognathus pallidus Arrow, 1919 Genus Anop/ostethus Brulle, 1837 Anoplognathus montanus MacLeay, 1873 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplosternus Guerin-Memeville, 1838 Australia Panschizus Blackburn, 1888 Anoplognathus odewahnii MacLeay, 1873 Anoplognathus multiseriatus Lea, 1919 (Anoplognathus)­ Anoplostethus laetus Rothschild and Jordan, 1894 (Anoplostethus) Australia - Australia Anoplognathus narmarus Carne, 1957 (Anoplognathus) - Australia Anoplostethus nobilis Benderitter, 1924 Anoplognathus nebulosus acuminatus Ohaus, 1904 (Anoplog­ Anoplostethus opalinus Brulls, 1837 (Anoplostethus) - Australia nathus) - Australia Panschizus pal/idus Blackburn, 1888 Anoplognathus nebulosus moanus Carne, 1957 (Anoplognathus) - Anoplostethus roseus Blanchard, 1851 (Anoplostethus) - Australia Australia Anoplostethus opalinus Blanchard, 1846 Anoplognathus nebulosus nebulosus MacLeay, 1864 (Anoplog­ nathus) - Australia Genus Cal/oodes White, 1845 Anoplognathus olivieri (Dalman, 1817) (Rutela) - Australia Anoplognathus impressus Boisduval, 1835 Gal/oodes atkinsoni Waterhouse, 1868 (Gal/oodes) - Australia, Anoplognathus duponti Boisduval, 1835 Papua New Guinea MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 199

Appendix 2. Continued

Cal/oodes nitidissimus Lea, 1919 (Cal/oodes) - Australia Subtribe Schizognathina Ohaus, 1918 Cal/oodes frenchi Ohaus, 1912* Cal/oodes grayianus (White, 1845) (Anoplognathus) - Australia Genus Amblochilus Blanchard, 1851 Cal/oodes rayneri MacLeay, 1864 (Cal/oodes) - Australia Amblochilus bicolor Blanchard, 1851 (Amblochilus) - Australia Genus Epichrysus White, 1841 Genus Amblyterus MacLeay, 1819 Epichrysus lamprimoides (White, 1841) (Brachysternus) - Australia Amblyterus bundabergensis Carne, 1958 (Amblyterus) - Australia Amblyterus cicatricosus (Gyllenhal, 1817) (Melolontha) - Australia Genus Paraschizognathus Ohaus, 1904 Amblyterus geminatus MacLeay, 1819 Amblyterus clypealis Ohaus, 1904 (Amblyterus) - Australia Paraschizognathus brittoni Carne, 1974 (Paraschizognathus) - Amblyterus deuqueti Carne, 1958 (Amblyterus) - Australia Australia Amblyterus paluma Allsopp, 1992 (Amblyterus) - Australia Paraschizognathus brunneus Carne, 1958 (Paraschizognathus) - Amblyterus paradoxus Carne, 1975 (Amblyterus) - Australia Australia Amblyterus simplicitarsis Carne, 1958 (Amblyterus) - Australia Paraschizognathus elgatus elgatus Carne, 1958 Amblyterus tarsalis Lea, 1919 (Amblyterus) - Australia (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Amblyterus tibialis Carne, 1958 (Amblyterus) - Australia Paraschizognathus elgatus kiewarrus Carne, 1958 (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Genus Bilobatus Machatschke, 1970 Paraschizognathus frazieri Carne, 1974 (Paraschizognathus) - Homotropus Waterhouse, 1878 Australia Paraschizognathus marcus Allsopp and Carne, 1986 Bilobatus luridipennis (Waterhouse, 1878) (Homotropus)­ (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Australia Paraschizognathus miskoi Carne, 1974 (Paraschizognathus)­ Bilobatus testaceipennis (Ohau", 1901) (Homotropus) - Australia Australia Paraschizognathus ocularis Carne, 1958 (Paraschizognathus) - Genus C/ilopocha Lea, 1914 Australia Dynastomorphus Carne, 1954 Paraschizognathus olivaceus Ohaus, 1904 (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Clilopocha angularis (Carne, 1954) (Dynastomorphus) - Australia Paraschizognathus pinarus Carne, 1958 (Paraschizognathus) - Clilopocha mandibularis (Carne, 1954) (Dynastomorphus)- Australia Australia Paraschizognathus prasinicollis Ohaus, 1904 (Paraschizognathus) Clilopocha pachypus (Lea, 1917) (Aneurystypus) - Australia - Australia Clilopocha pilosicollis (Lea, 1917) (Aneurystypus) - Australia Paraschizognathus prasinus nigricans Ohaus, 1904 Clilopocha whiteae Lea, 1914 (Clilopocha) - Australia (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Paraschizognathus prasinus prasinus (Boisduval, 1835) Genus Dungoorus Carne, 1958 (Schizognathus) - Australia Paraschizognathus queenslandicus Carne, 1958 Dungoorus murrumbul/us Carne, 1958 (Dungoorus) - Australia (Paraschizognathus) - Australia Paraschizognathus tubrabuccae Carne, 1958 (Paraschizognathus) Genus Eosaulostomus Carne, 1956 - Australia Eosaulostomus col/aris (Blackburn, 1892) (Aneurystypus)- Genus Repsimus MacLeay, 1819 Australia Eosaulostomus excisus Carne, 1956 (Eosaulostomus) - Australia Repsimus aeneus (Fabricius, 1775) (Melolontha) - Australia Eosaulostomus halei Carne, 1956 (Eosaulostomus) - Australia Scarabaeus aeratus Gmelin, 1790 Eosaulostomus minicus (Lea, 1919) (Saulostomus) - Australia Repsimus purpureipes MacLeay, 1871 Eosaulostomus norsemanae Carne, 1956 (Eosaulostomus) - Repsimus manicatus manicatus (Swartz, 1817) (Rutela) - Australia Australia Rutela bracteatus Drapiez, 1819 Eosaulostomus weiskei (Ohaus, 1904) (Saulostomus) - Australia Anoplognathus brownii MacLeay, 1819 Anoplognathus dytiscoides MacLeay, 1819 Genus Exochogenys Carne, 1958 Repsimus manicatus montanus Lea, 1919 (Repsimus) - Australia Exochogenys nigripennis (Blanchard, 1851) (Schizognathus)­ Genus Wambo Allsopp, 1988 Australia

Wambo puticasus Allsopp, 1988 (Wambo) - Australia Genus Mesystoechus Waterhouse, 1878

Mesystoechus ciliatus Waterhouse, 1878 (Mesystoechus)­ Australia Mesystoechus costatus Carne, 1958 (Mesystoechus) - Australia 200 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

Appendix 2. Continued

Genus Mimadoretus Arrow, 1901 Phalangogonia punetata Franz, 1955 (Phalangogonia)- Popillia MacLeay, 1887 EI Salvador Phalangogonia rateliffei Smith and Moron, 2003 (Phalangogonia) - Mimadoretus flavomaculatus (MacLeay, 1887) (Popillia) - Australia Mexico Mimadoretus leueothyreus Lea, 1919 (Mimadoretus) - Australia Phalangogonia sperata Sharp, 1877 (Phalangogonia) - Honduras, Mimadoretus niveosquamosus Lea, 1919 (Mimadoretus)- Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama Australia Phalangogonia stipes Sharp, 1877 Phalangogonia debilidens Ohaus, 1904 Genus Pseudoschizognathus Ohaus, 1904 Subtribe Platycoeliina Burmeister, 1844 Pseudosehizognathus lajoyi Ohaus, 1913 (Pseudosehizognathus) - Australia Genus Platycoelia Dejean, 1833 Pseudosehizognathus sehoenfeldti Ohaus, 1904 (Pseudosehizog­ Calliehloris Burmeister, 1844 nathus) - Australia Leueopelaea Bates, 1891 Pseudosehizognathus oeeidentalis Ohaus, 1913 Epiealliehloris Gutierrez, 1951 Pseudosehizognathus variieollis Ohaus, 1904 (Pseudosehizog­ nathus) - Australia Platyeoelia abdominalis Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Peru Platyeoelia aenigma Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Peru Genus Saulostomus Waterhouse, 1878 Platyeoelia altemans Erichson, 1847 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Peru Platycoelia alticola (Gutierrez, 1951) (Calliehloris) - Bolivia Saulostomus brunneoviridis Lea, 1920 (Saulostomus) - Australia Platyeoelia altiplana Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia Saulostomus (elsehei Ohaus, 1904 (Saulostomus) - Australia Platyeoelia baessleri (Ohaus, 1904) (Calliehioris) - Peru Saulostomus monteithi Carne, 1985 (Saulostomus) - Australia Platycoelia boeki (Ohaus, 1925) (Calliehloris) - Bolivia Saulostomus striatus Ohaus, 1935 (Saulostomus) - Australia Platyeoelia bordoni Martinez, 1976 (Platyeoelia) - Colombia Saulostomus villosus Waterhouse, 1878 (Saulostomus) - Australia Platyeoelia burmeisteri Arrow, 1899 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Peru Platyeoelia tsehudii Ohaus, 1904 Genus Schizognathus Fischer Von Waldheim, 1823 Platyeoelia proseni Martinez, 1976 Platyeoelia burmeisteriana Ohaus, 1917 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Sehizognathus aprieagger Allsopp, 1989 (Sehizognathus)­ Peru Australia Platyeoelia burmeisteri Ohaus, 1904 Sehizognathus burmeisteri Ohaus, 1904 (Sehizognathus)­ Platyeoelia but/eri Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Ecuador, Australia Peru Sehizognathus compressieomis Ohaus, 1898 (Sehizognathus)­ Platyeoelia ehrysotina Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Peru Australia Platyeoelia pulehrior Ohaus, 1904 Sehizognathus lueidus Ohaus, 1904 (Sehizognathus) - Australia Platyeoelia eonfluens Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia Sehizognathus maeleayi Fischer Von Waldheim, 1823 Platyeoelia eonvexa Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia, Peru (Sehizognathus) - Australia Platyeoelia flavohumeralis Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Colombia Sehizognathus mesostemalis Ohaus, 1912 (Sehizognathus) - Platyeoelia flavoseutellata Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia Australia Platyeoelia flavostriata (Latreille, 1813) (Melolontha) - Argentina, Sehizognathus rugulosus Carne, 1958 (Sehizognathus) - Australia Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Sehizognathus viridiaeneus Ohaus, 1904 (Sehizognathus)­ Platyeoelia foreipalis Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Ecuador Australia Platyeoelia furva Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Ecuador Platyeoelia galerana Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Ecuador Genus Trioplognathus Ohaus, 1904 Platyeoelia gaujoni Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Ecuador, Peru Platyeoelia grandieula Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Costa Rica, Trioplognathus griseopilosus (Ohaus, 1901) (Anoplognathus) - Panama Australia Platyeoelia haenkei (Gutierrez, 1952) (Calliehloris) - Bolivia Anoplognathus antiquus Arrow, 1919 Platyeoelia helleri (Ohaus, 1904) (Calliehloris) - Colombia, Peru Platyeoelia hiporum Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Colombia, Subtribe Phalangogoniina Ohaus, 1918 Ecuador Platyeoelia hirta Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Bolivia Genus Phalangogonia Burmeister, 1844 Platyeoelia humeralis Bates, 1888 (Platyeoelia) - Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama Phalangogonia dispar Ohaus, 1925 (Pha/angogonia) - Guatemala, Platyeoelia ignota Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Colombia Honduras Platyeoelia inca Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Peru Phalangogonia jamesonae Smith and Moron, 2003 (Phalangogo­ Platyeoelia inflata Ohaus, 1904 (Platyeoelia) - Argentina, Bolivia, nia) - Mexico Peru Phalangogonia laeordairei Bates, 1888 (Phalangogonia) - Mexico Platyeoelia tueumana Ohaus, 1904 Phalangogonia obesa Burmeister, 1844 (Phalangogonia) - Mexico, Platyeoelia insolita Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Peru Guatemala Platyeoelia intermedia Ohaus, 1925 (Platyeoelia) - Ecuador Phalangogonia parilis Bates, 1888 (Phalangogonia) - Guatemala Platyeoelia interstineta Smith, 2003 (Platyeoelia) - Colombia Phalangogonia ehampioni Bates, 1888 Platyeoelia kirsehi (Ohaus, 1904) (Calliehloris) - Peru MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF PLATYCOELIA 201

Appendix 2. Continued

P/atycoe/ia /ae/aps (Gutierrez, 1951) (Gal/ich/oris) - Peru Au/acopa/pus aconcaguensis Smith, 2002 (Au/acopa/pus) - Chile P/atycoelia /utescens Blanchard, 1851 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Au/acopa/pus castaneus (Laporte, 1840) (Brachysternus) - Chile Ecuador, Peru Bembegeneius fu/vescens Solier, 1851 Leucope/aea a/bescens (Bates, 1891) Tribostethes cupreus Philippi and Philippi, 1864 Leucope/aea baronis (Ohaus, 1905) Au/acopa/pus fu/vovirens Ohaus, 1910 P/atycoelia marginata Burmeister, 1844 (P/atycoe/ia) - Colombia, Au/acopa/pus ci/iatus (Solier, 1851) (Tribostethes) - Argentina, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela Chile P/atycoelia olivacea Blanchard, 1851 Au/acopa/pus c/ypealis Ohaus, 1905 (Au/acopa/pus) - Chile P/atycoelia /aevis Burmeister, 1855 Au/acopa/pus pilicollis (Fairmaire, 1883) (Tribostethes)­ P/atycoelia scutel/ata Guerin-Meneville, 1855 Argentina, Chile P/atycoelia meridensis Smith, 2003 (P/atycoelia) - Venezuela Aego/asia michae/seni Kolbe, 1907 P/atycoelia mesosternalis Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Costa Rica, Au/acopa/pus punctatus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1860) Panama (Tribostethes) - Chile P/atycoe/ia nervosa Kirsch, 1871 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Amb/yterus variabilis Philippi, 1861 Ecuador Au/acopa/pus pygidialis Ohaus, 1905 (Au/acopa/pus) - Chile P/atycoelia nigrosternalis Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia Au/acopa/pus va/diviensis Smith, 2002 (Au/acopa/pus) - Chile P/atycoelia occidentalis Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia Au/acopa/pus viridis Guerin-Meneville, 1838 (Au/acopa/pus) - P/atycoelia parva Kirsch, 1885 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Ecuador, Chile Peru Tribostethes virens Philippi and Philippi, 1864 P/atycoelia nigricauda Bates, 1891 P/atycoe/ia paucarae Smith, 2003 (P/atycoe/ia) - Ecuador Genus Brachysternus Guerin-Meneville, 1831 P/atycoelia penai Frey, 1967 (P/atycoelia) - Ecuador P/atycoe/ia peruviana Smith, 2003 (P/atycoelia) - Bolivia, Peru Brachysternus angustus (Philippi and Philippi, 1864) P/atycoelia pomacea Erichson, 1847 (P/atycoelia) - Bolivia, Brazil, (Au/acopa/pus) - Argentina, Chile Peru Brachysternus germaini (Ohaus, 1910) (Tribostethes) - Chile P/atycoelia boliviensis Blanchard, 1851 Brachysternus marginatus Germain, 1905 (Brachysternus) - Chile P/atycoelia brasiliensis Ohaus, 1904 Brachysternus o/ivaceus Philippi and Philippi, 1864 P/atycoelia prasina Erichson, 1847 (P/atycoe/ia) - Argentina, (Brachysternus) - Chile Bolivia, Peru Brachysternus chloris Philippi and Philippi, 1864 P/atycoelia limbata Ohaus, 1904 Brachysternus riverae Germain, 1905 P/atycoe/ia puncticol/is Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Brachysternus herbaceus Germain, 1905 Ecuador, Venezuela Brachysternus araucanicus Ohaus, 1905 P/atycoelia pusil/a Smith, 2003 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia Brachysternus patagoniensis Jameson and Smith, 2002 P/atycoelia quadrilineata Burmeister, 1844 (P/atycoe/ia)- (Brachysternus) - Argentina, Chile Colombia, Ecuador Brachysternus prasinus Guerin-Meneville, 1831 (Brachysternus)­ P/atycoe/ia rufosignata Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Bolivia, Peru Argentina, Chile P/atycoe/ia sandia Smith, 2003 (P/atycoelia) - Ecuador Brachysternus fu/vipes Guerin-Meneville, 1838 P/atycoelia se/anderi Martinez and Martinez, 1994 (P/atycoelia)- Brachysternus vicinus Guerin-Meneville, 1840 Argentina, Bolivia, Peru Brachysternus sinuatifrons Germain, 1905 P/atycoelia signaticollis (Burmeister, 1844) (Gallich/oris)­ Brachysternus viridis Germain, 1905 Colombia Brachysternus pubescens Germain, 1905 P/atycoelia simplicior Ohaus, 1909 (P/atycoelia) - Argentina Brachysternus dilatatus Germain, 1905 P/atycoelia steinheili Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Brachysternus viridipes Ohaus, 1905 Ecuador Brachysternus hirtus Ohaus, 1905 P/atycoe/ia traceyae Smith, 2003 (P/atycoelia) - Ecuador Brachysternus spectabilis Erichson, 1847 (Brachysternus)­ P/atycoelia unguicu/aris Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia, Argentina, Chile Venezuela Brachysternus obscurus Philippi and Philippi, 1864 P/atycoe/ia valida Burmeister, 1844 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia Brachysternus major Philippi and Philippi, 1864 P/atycoelia vari%sa Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoe/ia) - Colombia Brachysternus philippii Germain, 1905 P/atycoe/ia wallisi Ohaus, 1904 (P/atycoelia) - Colombia Genus Hy/amorpha Arrow, 1899

Subtribe Brachysternina Burmeister, 1844 Hy/amorpha e/egans (Burmeister, 1844) (Au/acopa/pus)­ Argentina, Chile Genus Au/acopa/pus Guerin-Meneville, 1838 Gallich/oris pere/egans Curtis, 1845 Tribostethes Curtis, 1845 Su/cipa/pus subvio/aceus Nonfried, 1894 Bembegeneius Solier, 1851 Hy/amorpha rufimana Arrow, 1899 Su/cipa/pus Harold, 1869 Hy/amorpha cylindrica Arrow, 1899 Pseudade/phus Arrow, 1899 Amb/yterodes Germain, 1905 • Gal/oodes frenchi Ohaus, 1912 is a primary junior homonym of Aego/asia Kolbe, 1907 Gal/oodes frenchi Blackburn, 1890 and is permanently invalid under Article 57.2 of the ICZN. 202 BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITYOF NEBRASKA STATE MUSEUM

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr. Andrew Smith is a Research Associate with the University of Ne­ braska State Museum. His research interests include the systematics, evolution, biogeography, and conser­ vation of scarab beetles. His current research focus is on the phylogenetics and biogeography of phytophagous scarabs, especially in the southern hemisphere. He is also conducting monographic revisions of other ruteline genera besides Platycoelia. Smith started on his path to a career in insect taxonomy early in life. At a young age, he spent a lot of time traveling around North America, staying at field stations, camping in parks, and going to other remote areas while his father col­ lected water mites. His father, Ian Smith, is a research scientist with the Canadian National Collection who studies water mite systematics. This early and extensive exposure to natural habitats led to an interest in collecting beetles (among other things). Many years later, while at­ tending Carleton University in Ot­ tawa, Canada, his interest in beetles Dr. Andrew Smith collecting at the peak of Cerro Montecristo, EI Salvador. Photo by Mary Liz Jameson. was rekindled when he attended a field course in Costa Rica taught by Monty Wood. While on the field course, Smith Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. These was introduced to the wonders of tropical en­ experiences taught him how to be a research tomology and the amazing diversity of scarab scientist and the importance and enjoyment beetles. Smith later returned to Costa Rica of conducting field research. twice and also went to Bolivia. Back at In 1997, Brett Ratcliffe and Mary Liz Carleton, courses taught by Henry Howden Jameson offered Smith a Ph.D. position at the and Stuart Peck provided the impetus for con­ University of Nebraska-Lincoln to conduct tinuing on with scientific studies on scarab scarab systematics research. At UNL, Smith's beetles. research flourished and resulted in mono­ After finishing his undergraduate degree, graphic revisions, phylogenetic analyses, and Smith spent an intense but gratifying field larval descriptions of several poorly known season conducting research on small mam­ taxa. He also went on field trips to El Salvador, mals in northern Ontario (northwest ofThun­ Honduras, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Ecuador, and der Bay). This was followed by a Masters Argentina to conduct scarab research. This degree at the University of Toronto with two monograph on Platycoelia is the main prod­ field seasons of forest bird censuses and re­ uct of Smith's research endeavors as a Ph.D. search at the Wildlife Research Station in student. Platycoelia jlavostriata from Rancho Grande, Venezuela

NeJ5iaSKa Lincoln STATE MUSEUM