AJ R Information

Volume XLIX No. 1 January 1994

£3 (to non-members)

Don't miss . . . A call for 'responsible parenting'

On the Waugh path p7 Handing on the torch Our new director p8 he current issue is the first to appear in 1994. Others have not. They have either remained alone This statement of the blindingly obvious is not or have, even if married, lacked children or been Indian Summer a bit of padding but has a serious purpose: widowed for many years. Over a century and half ago holiday p9 T nothing makes us more aware of the passage of time Heinrich Heine wrote a poem about the Hospital for than the advent of a new year. It is, after all, the date Poor Jews in Hamburg, in which he stated that he Red on the calendar, and not the 'countdown' marked by could conceive of no greater misery than to be poor, individual birthdays, which signposts our journey sick and Jewish. comeback? through life. With minimal changes Heine's formulation could On this journey, everyone had predecessors - and be adapted to describe the present situation of all too ne of last some have enjoyed the good fortune of having \ear's successors. Having children is an uncovenanted bonus many in our community. They are old, sometimes sick O paradoxes at any time; how much does this hold good for and Jewish in a sense of having been stigmatised that has been the members of the refugee community, many of whom could not have been envisaged in Heine's day. They electoral comeback lack the wider network of uncles, aunts and cousins are also poor — even if their impoverishment stems of Communists in which is normally taken for granted? more from loss of loved ones and loneliness than several European Ex-refugees have, of course, hardly known nor­ absolute loss of material necessities. countries. Reform mality for fifty-five years, i.e. the best part of their It is almost a cliche of social science research that Communists in | hves. The more fortunate amongst them have, though, once an individual's essential needs for food and office do not through marriage and parenthood (not to mention shelter have been satisfied he or she feels emotional necessarily spell the _ grand-parenthood) managed to restore a measure of deprivation more acutely than the lack of creature end of democracy. I normality into their lives. comforts. After all, mental anguish is not confined to In Lithuania they the worst-off in society; nor for that matter, is suicide. moderate (Even crime, conventially seen as a by-product of Russophobia. In poverty, has diverse causes, many of them psycho­ Poland they ; logical rather than material.) counteract undue * Even if state provision supplemented by the input of clerical influence. voluntary organisations procures minimum standards In Italy they are of comfort for the frail and elderly their emotional clean by local problems - of isolation and loneliness — still remain to standards and be addressed. marginalise the AJR was founded by a number of far-sighted neo-Fascist individuals to represent the manifold interests and 'protest' vote. concerns of refugees — and has, on the whole, Their revived discharged this task very well. Today, however, the fortunes in Eastern . founding generation of AJR activists is passing from Germany may the scene. What is required is for members of a new, usefully British-born, generation to come forward and fill the curb Wessie incipient vacuum that threatens to grow wider with triumphalism and the passage of time. We appeal to members of the persuade the 'transplanted' generation — who surely must remem­ powerholders in ber the hardships they originally endured — to make Bonn to show- the successor generation aware of new and greater greater sensitivit}' needs among their own less fortunate brethren. AJR in future than they urgently requires younger people to participate in all did over the its activities — not least as 'befrienders' for lonely and presidential sometimes handicapped or housebound members. candidacy of Unless the children come forward the parents' work Steffen Alblandschaft, 1933 tn Vim. will remain unfinished — with all that that implies for Heitmann. D Paul Kleinschmidt. the most unfortunate members of our community. D AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

Kinders* gift to sick children Profile The Reunion of Kindertransport (ROK) raised £12,500 at their 50th anniversary was privileged. As a pianist she performed reunion for the Great Ormond Street Chil­ Music and mother love several times week, partly before fellow dren's Hospital Wishing Well Appeal. prisoners, partly for Nazi propaganda On a visit to the hospital in November purposes. If when young she had rubbed ROK organisers Bertha Leverton and Rita shoulders with Jewish writers (Kafka, Brod, Rosenbaum saw a new bed dedicated to Baum, Winder) she now got to know Jewish ROK in the building's new plastic surgery composers like Ullmann, Krasna and Haas. ward. Bertha said: 'The support given by In Theresienstadt, ante-chamber to hell, the those present at the Reunion was a manifes­ aforementioned created operas like The tation of their deep gratitude for their lives Emperor of Atlantis and Brundibar. being saved as children. How appropriate it Raphael sang the part of a sparrow in is to choose a hospital whose sole purpose it Brundibar; he turned out eventually to be is to save the lives of children! May afl those one of only 3 survivors in his age group of who come here sick and depressed leave four thousand. with their bodies healed and their spirits In 1944 the grim musical charade came to uplifted'. D an end and Alice had to split mica for the Nazi war effort under military supervision. Visit - or visitation After liberation she returned to Prague where the pitiful Jewish remnant received A controversial educational visit last month generous succour from co-religionists by a group of German right-wing youths to abroad. Israel has resulted in a reprimand for the In 1949 she (with Raphael) emigrated to organiser, Marita Schieferdecker, head of Alice and Raphael Sommer. Photo: Newman. Israel where - middle-aged - she had to set the foreign relations office in Dresden. to and learn Hebrew. There she re-encoun­ Wolfgang Nowak, Saxony's culture minis­ trange parallel between fiction and reality: last autumn when London tered Max Brod, who again reviewed one of ter, called her politically naive for thinking her concerts. such a visit could help Dresden's image or Scinemas showed a film for whose Unsurprisingly Raphael, whom she calls the young people concerned. fictitious heroine only piano playing made life worthwhile, a TV channel features a real the inspiration behind her own survival, Stories that some of the 21 skinheads had heroine who saved her life by playing the also chose a musical career. After studying insulted Jews who accompanied them and piano. in Paris under Tortelier, he became Pro­ caused a disturbance at Yad Vashem were fessor of Cello at Manchester and now This heroine is Alice Sommer (nee Herz). widely reported in the German and Israeli teaches at the Guildhall School of Music. In Alice was born 90 years ago in Prague, a city press. However, Mrs Schieferdecker 1986 Alice, too, came to England. A often dubbed 'golden'. It owed this epithet claimed the reports were exaggerated by Hampstead resident she enters her tenth partly to architectural splendour, partly to journalists who wished to provoke out­ decade with a daily schedule of swimming the many 'goldmakers' employed by the bursts in their search for copy. and piano. alchemy obsessed Emperor Rudolf. For Since 1991 Mrs Schieferdecker has been Alice Prague appears golden for other If music be the food of longevity . . . organising discussions among the city's neo- reasons. Her parents let her have an excel­ D R.G. Nazis, and also taken groups to tour the site lent musical education; one of her teachers of Auschwitz. She said: 'They ought to learn had been Liszt's pupil. Social and family about Israel and the fate that befell Jews contacts reached into the circle of Jewish during the Nazi period.' D FOR THOSE YOU CARE MOST ABOUT writers who either enriched German litera­ ture or the Zionist movement. As a child she was told fairy tales by Kafka, later Felix Springdene Weltsch became a relation by marriage; A modern nursing home with Max Brod reviewed her piano recitals for 26 yrs of excellence in health the Prague Tagblatt. care to the community. JACKMAN • Licensed by Barnet area health In 1933 she married a Vienna-born authority and recognised by BUPA & PPP. SILVERMAN businessman: their son Raphael was born a (,X>MMERC;iAL rRCirHRTY HYDROTHERAPY & year before Munich. Hereafter rhe horizons PHYSIOTHERAPY darkend inexorably with every few months provided by full time chartered cares . physiotherapists for inpatients bringing fresh disasters for Jews. The story and outpatients. is too gruesomely familiar to need repeat­ ing. Suffice it to say that by 1943 Alice SPRINGDENE 55 Oaklelgh Park North, Whetstone, London N.20 found herself crammed into a Theresien­ 081-446 2117 stadt attic with Raphael, but separated from SPRINGVIEW 6-10 Crescent Road. Enfield. Our her husband (who died of t>-phoid fever in completely new purpose built hotel style retirement home. All rooms with bathroom en-suite from £305 Dachau). Despite exposure to constant per week. 081-446 2117. 26 Conduit Street. Londim \X'!R 9T.'\ hunger pangs, dreadful over-crowding and Telephone: 071 409 0771 Fax; 071 4^H ^0 unremitting fear for her son's health, she AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

means of livelihood for Jewish citizens ever Horthy was taken to Germany and The Horthy more tightly. interned there. Budapest was liberated by phenomenon This led to an interesting phenomenon: as the Red Army in February 1945. Szalasi was Jewish actors and musicians were prevented executed as a war criminal in Hungary in from performing in the state sector they 1946. n Hungar)' the Great War was followed produced very high quality performances of Horthy was captured and interrogated by by a Civil War between the Red followers operas, concerts and plays in the Goldmark the Americans. According to his memoirs I of Bela Kun and the Whites led by Hall next to the Central Synagogue. At my one of the interrogating American officers Admiral Horthy. Fighting was accompa­ Jewish Teachers' Training College, dis­ was a Hungarian Jew. They did not charge nied by atrocities in which White officers missed university professors were teaching Horthy with war crimes. He went into exile specially targeted Jews. mathematics, art and literature; the gym in Portugal, where he died in 1957 at the age In November 1919, in dark blue sailor's teacher was a former Olympic athlete. of 89. In September 1993 his remains were uniform, Horthy entered Budapest on a brought to Hungary for re-interment in the white horse. In 1920 he became Head of Vienna awards former estate of his family of Kenderes. The State. At the time Hungary was a kingdom Hitler rewarded Horthy in the so-called burial was a private affair. However, about without a king and its ruler an admiral of Vienna Awards with territory Hungary had 50,000 people attended the funeral, among the fleet, even though the country had no sea lost to Czechoslovakia and Romania under them eight government ministers 'in their port. the treaty of Trianon. Jews living in the private capacity'. Prime Minister Antall was The mid-Twenties brought a relative returned territories overwhelmingly de­ represented by his wife. Horthy's grandson, consolidation. The people of Hungary lived clared themselves to be Hungarians. When Istvan Horthy, who was educated in the in peace. Parliament included bourgeois and Hitler overran Yugoslavia in 1941, West, made a speech. He said that the right-wing parties. The left-wing opposition Horthy's army occupied Vojvodina. In people of Hungary should live in peace with was represented by the Social Democrats. Ujvidek (Novi Sad) the Hungarian army each other, and asked forgiveness from the Soon after Hitler came to power some massacred hundreds of Jews and Serbs. victims and opponents of his grandfather. members of Parliament were drawn closer In 1941 Hungary formally entered the Among the wreaths one inscription read to his policies, which pleased many people. war on Hitler's side against the Soviet 'From the grateful Jewish people'. At the Some of the politicians, even members of Union and the Allied Powers. same time as the funeral of Horthy was the Jewish upper class, who had access to By 1943 Horthy, using British connec­ taking place the Jewish Community held .i Horthy, tried to persuade him to protect the tions, tried to pull Hungary out of the war. memorial service at the Central Synagogue, assimilated Hungarian Jews, but the The secret negotiations under a new Prime Dohany Street, for the victims ofthe Horthy country's political direction veered towards Minister, Miklos Kallay, failed because they era. Elsewhere, a day earlier, at a demon­ Germany. were discovered by the Gestapo. stration called by the Democratic Charta, From 1938 onwards anti-Jewish laws On 19th March 1944 Hitler summoned one of the speakers said 'We came here to were introduced limiting the activity and Horthy to his headquarters for a confer­ bury the semi-Fascist Horthy regime'. ence. On the same day - a Sunday - the D Pal Foti-Friedlander German army began the occupation of Hungary. Prominent Jews and left-wing COMPENSATION CLAIMS politicians were arrested, interrogated and GERMANY tortured by the Gestapo. Horthy returned to Buda Castle and did Under a new Agreement regular not resist the Germans. He simply settled hardship payments will be made to for his limited personal freedom. victims of the Holocaust who were hitherto unable to apply for or Protected houses received only inadequate compensation payments. In the summer of '44 Adolf Eichmann Claims may be filed by persecutees ordered the deportation of the Jews in the who were held in concentration provinces. There the Gendarmerie rounded camps for at least six months. Those up Jews, herding them into the infamous Israel's Finest Wines who were confined in ghettos or lived 'brick factories'. During this time some in hiding for at least eighteen months Christians, clergymen and even army from the are also entitled to claim. officers, saved Jews. The Swiss and the On instructions our Office will assist International Red Cross, and the Swedish Golan Heights you to prepare your Application and Embassy, established 'protected houses' to Yarden, Golan & Gamla pursue the matter with the shelter Jews. Meanwhile the police started authorities. to fence in the Ghetto. Write, phone or fax For further information please On 15th October 1944, Horthy, in a for full information contact: radio address, declared a cease-fire and his ICS—Claims intention to pull out of the war. Within House of Hallgarten 146-154 Kilburn High Road hours his pull-out effort collapsed. The Dallow Road, Luton LU1 1UR London NW6 4JD Gestapo arrested Horthy and forced him to Tel: 0582 22538 hand over power to Forenc Szalasi, leader of Tel: 071-328 7251 (Ext. 107) Fax: 0582 23240 Fax:071-624 5002 the Hungarian Nazi Party, the Arroiv Cross. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

Reviews

for amnesia via performances of the Clas­ Heinz Henisch had a cossetted middle- Acting speaks louder sics and boulevard comedies, the Theater class upbringing with a succession of nan­ than words der Courage staged Brecht's Fear and nies, and subsequent attendance at a Gym­ Terror in the Third Reich, with Stella nasium in the glamorous spa town of Henriette Mandle, CABARET UND COURAGE, appearing in 'The Jewish Wife' sketch. Karlsbad. He scoffed pastries in smart Stella Kadmon - Eine Biographie, Universitats Later she mingled forays into such Konditoreis, took dancing lessons and Verlag, Wien, 1993 fraught Vergangenheitsbeivdltigung with played tennis, but felt constrained by the German premieres of plays by Sartre, Genet paternal dictum 'Kinder haben den Eltern tella Kadmon grew up in the 1900s. and Odon von Horvath. In this way the Freude zu machen' (Children have to give Practically from the cradle the family little Theater der Courage played a part in their parents joy). Ssaw her as predestined for the perform­ Austrian cultural life out of all proportion ing arts - but which one? Ballet was ruled to its size. If Bruno Kreisky - Austria's Abrupt end out by her father's dictum that ballerinas bestknown Jewish returnee — helped per­ It was, nonetheless, a near-idyllic existence were only glorified mistresses of Habsburg petuate the collective amnesia that led to the archdukes. She herself rejected film (after a which came to an abrupt end with Hitler's Waldheim presidency, Stella did the exact occupation of the Sudetenland - but even supporting role in a silent directed by G. W. opposite. Pabst) and made the stage her lifelong then the Henisches did not totally share the Stella Kadmon died as recently as 1989; home. all-engulfing Jewish misery. As an endan­ this biography is her epitaph. gered Social Democrat the father received a She acted throughout the German lan­ D R.G. British visa through the good offices of Lord guage area in the Twenties, apprentice years Runciman, and the family soon followed. climaxed by a stint in Werner Finck's En route to his safe haven young Heinz Katakombe at Munich. In 1930 she set up Memoirs of a fairly came into contact with a variety of Jews — the - subsequently renowned — Viennese Yiddish-speakers, synagogue attenders, fringe cabaret Der liebe Augustin, enlisting fortunate Jew Zionists - of whose existence he had talents like the sketch writer Peter Ham­ hitherto barely been aware. It proved a rite merschlag. As the political scene darkened, Heinz K. Henisch, FIRST DANCE IN of passage. First Dance in Karlsbad is in their programmes became more serious, KARLSBAD, Carnation Press, State College, essence a recherche pour temps perdus with anti-Nazi material provided by Pennsylvania recreating interwar Neudek in loving detail: emigres from Germany. Alas, the Austrian horse-drawn traffic, the milkwoman with right-wing Catholic government also cur­ happy families' wrote Tolstoy her churn in a dog cart, the daily prome­ tailed political freedom: a censor attended 'resemble one another, but nade, baroque wayside shrines, Sunday every cabaret performance to check on I unhappy ones are all unhappy in outings to the Neudek tower (sketched by what was said or sung. (In typically Aus­ 'A: different ways'. In the light of First Dance in Goethe), and so forth. Had the author trian fashion, Stella's official watchdog was Karlsbad I would adapt Tolstoy's obser­ suffered more of a trauma from uprooting an illegal SS man; on the eve of the vation to read 'all refugees are unhappy in he could not have gone back to his birth­ Anschluss he calmed her fears with the quip different ways'. place and researched its topography and 'All you'll have to do is rename den lieben One cause for the author's unhappiness history so thoroughly. Maybe the fact that .\ugustin Der liebe Moses!') was his uprooting, at 16, from Neudek, a the place is now German— as well as juden­ small German-speaking town in interwar rein helped. „ „, Luck and contacts Czechoslovakia. Another is the fact that, The Anschluss let all hell loose in Vienna, despite occupying a university chair in his salBiBlilHaiill^liiililiillliliMiBllHlia' and Stella only saved herself by a combi­ adopted country, he sees himself as a nation of family contacts and good luck. lifelong zuagraster (Johnny-come-lately or CAMPS She fetched up in Palestine, where there was — less euphemistically — bloody foreigner). INTERNMENT-P.O.W.- a potential audience of German speakers, His father had likewise been a zuagraster — FORCED LABOUR-KZ but the Zionist ethos favoured Hebrew birth in Bukowina, legal studies in Vienna, I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded post­ stage performances. She compromised by Galician wife, residence in Bohemia — but of marked letters from all camps of both world wars. putting on bilingual sketches, while dream­ a different kidney. Please send, registered mail, stating price, to: ing of an eventual return to Vienna. In all the aforementioned parts of Aus­ 14 Rosslyn Hill, London NWS PETER C. RICKENBACK Despite her eagerness, this only occurred tria-Hungary, German was spoken, and in 1947. Fortunately for Stella Vienna's when Henisch senior opened his law prac­ municipal administrator of cultural affairs tice he automatically joined the Neudek GERMAN BOOKS was Viktor Matejka - the only official in elite. He sat on the town council — as a We are always buying: postwar Austria who invited the Jews to Social Democrat - initiating changes of Books, Autographs, Judaica come back. He helped Stella make a new street names to honour Goethe and Mat- Please contact start, which led to the founding of the teotti. Leftish sentiments notwithstanding Antiquariat Metropolis Theater der Courage. The name was not he was a thorough-going bourgeois - im­ Leerbachstr. 85 fortuitous; it represented a programme. In maculately turned out, preoccupied with W-6000 Frankfurt a/M the postwar years, when the Viennese arcane points of law, and the owner of a Tel: 0104969559451 theatre pandered to the public's penchant chauffeur-driven car. REGULAR VISITS TO LONDON I^^^g^l^^^^^gj^^;^;^^^^^^^^^^ '^S^'i'^^?' '''^.TT'T-^^S^

AJR INFORMATION JANU/ARy 1994

Helter-skelter into the ACJR AGM past A. 8. Yehoshua, MR MANI (tr. Hillel Halkin) Peter Halban, 1993, £15.99

art family saga, part history, the fate of wandering Jews is in this story Plargely seen from the Sephardic point of view, though with the Ashkenazi Dia­ spora playing its part as well. Those expecting a chronological narra­ tive a la Galsworthy's The Forsyte Saga will be disappointed, for Yehoshua uses radi­ cally experimental method. All his char­ acters express themselves in monologue; the effect is one of eavesdropping on conver­ sations where only the words of one inter­ locutor are audible. Should you doubt that this can be done, I Getting down to serious business at the AGM Photo: Neicnnvi. promise you that Yehoshua succeeds from the first few lines of a stubborn, self-willed n a brisk evening late last year thing as a 'typical' ACJR member. All they daughter ignoring a mother's good advice members of the ACJR gathered in have in common is a sense of belonging. which could have prevented a suicide, to the Othe Mapam premises in Broadhurst If you would like to find out more about end where a sinner confessing his grave Gardens for the Association's 8th Annual an organisation which takes itself seriously transgression to a very sick rabbi finds that General Meeting. The meetings have a now enough to hold an AGM but has enough his agonised words have fallen on the well-established format. That is: official sense of humour to use its Official Agenda insensate ears of a dead man. business is dealt with speedily and effi­ as a pre-supper ice-breaker — and even The novel moves backwards, from a first ciently so that everyone can get down to manages to make the annual accounts .i conversation at a kibbutz in Israel in 1982 important matters such as eating, drinking humorous affair - please contact Anne or to, ultimately, a house in Athens in 1848, and generally having a jolly time. Ian via the AJR offices, using Box No. 1250. and at each stage in this 134-year span a Yes, it's true, much to everyone who n M.N. member of the Mani clan plays a crucial attend's relief, here the nuts and nibbles are part. Two world wars are encompassed; the more important than apologies for absence. Turkish Empire falls, the British follows, And nothing supersedes the magnificent the German attempt is aborted — all of this post-meeting spread in importance on this mirrored in the deceptively mundane mono­ agenda. This emphasis on enjoyment does logues which are, however, at the same time not mean that the ACJR are unaware or often descriptive and reveal deeper uninterested in outside affairs or events. It undercurrents. simply means that they keep things in No sooner have we learned about Hagar perspective. In addition to, and mostly at BELSIZE SQUARE Shiloh's courageous struggle to save the hfe the same time as, taking pleasure in each of Judge Mani in Jerusalem after a worried other's company and meeting new people SYNAGOGUE on a regular basis (the Association has phone call from his son, serving with the 51 BELSIZE SQUARE, NWS Israeli Forces in Lebanon, than the story grown from 8 to 80 members in 8 years), the switches to Crete under German occupation ACJR produce a monthly newsletter and We offer a traditional style of in the Second World War, to the British organise visits to elderly people in residen­ religious service with Cantor, conquest of Palestine in the First World tial care. They also make regular donations Choir and organ War, to Poland in the days of nascent to charities, even though they are not a Zionism, and finally to mainland Greece 'Fund Raising Organisation'. and a revelation how the Manis continued Further details can be obtained from the family line by the moral as well as civil our synagogue secretary offence of one of them. Alas, I must keep Casting off Telephone 071-794-3949 this denouement secret for it truly has the Those who are fond of intellectual debate force of a Greek tragedy. n John Rossall find willing and worthy sparring partners Minister: Rabbi Rodney J. Mariner amongst the membership of this group. A Cantor: Rev Lawrence H. Fine brief circuit of the dining area can reveal Annely Juda Fine Art snippets from conversations ranging in Regular services: Friday evenings at 6.30 pm, Saturday mornings at 10 am 23 Dering Street (off New Bond Street) subject matter from the laziness of the Religion school: Sundays at 10 am to 1 pm Tel: 071-629 7578, Fax; 071-491 2139 untrained mind to a new restaurant in CONTEMPORARY PAINTING Finchley, via an instructive lesson on how to Space donated by Pafra Limited AND SCULPTURE cast off when knitting. There is no such AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

The present position can be summed up in one sentence in a letter from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office dated 25th 2^^tewj^^ October, 1993 '. . . the long awaited draft compensation law has yet to be passed by GERMAN(E) ISSUES elsewhere it had been established by the the German Parhament.' Sir - Herr Steffen Heitmann, Chancellor people's own efforts. The Cromwellian and Golders Green Road Edmund Stekel Kohl's candidate for the Presidency, denies French Revolutions, and others, demon­ London NWl I that a special role for Germany can be strate that political forms achieved by a derived from the Holocaust, adding 'The nations's own efforts usually stand the test EINSTEIN THE MAN of time. time has come to put this event in its proper Sir - The thought of Einstein as a Don Juan France has always been a hotbed of the place'. would not have occurred to anybody prior most virulent antisemitism as shown by the Does that place the Shoah on a par with to the publication of the 'Love Letters'. It persecution of Dreyfus. Even so the French the many massacres throughout history? seems to suggest that, when in ladies' people eventually put this injustice right by These were mostly perpetrated by people company, the Professor could talk of more their own efforts. whose culture was inferior to that claimed convivial subjects than his theories. The Germans have no such record. by the Germans. Do they really wish to be It seemed much more feasible to imagine Injustices exist in democratic countries as found in their company? him as an enthusiastic fiddler, and he may much as anywhere else, but the test is surely We, too, need to find our own perspective have taken his cue from Shakespeare's 'If how society deals with those injustices and towards the Germans past and present - if Music be the Food of Love . . .' However, puts them right. only for our own peace of mind. the claim to his having been a 'considerable' We are currently seeing an example All the old colonial powers have been amateur violinist must be put in doubt. It concerning the elimination of racism in responsible for actions they would rather was a well known fact that, when playing Britain. This struggle still has a long way to forget, but the Germans often went that chamber music with his friends, he would go. While one must always condemn what is much further than the others. frequently disrupt the proceedings by losing wrong, one should not denigrate what is It was because of the way the Kaiser's his place in the score. In consequence he was being done to put it right. soldiers behaved during the Boxer Rebellion often admonished with the words: 'Albert, in China that the Germans acquired the There are probably more decent Germans you can't count!'. alive today than ever before and they are name of Huns for ever after. Holland Park Avenue J. Rotter still fighting to secure their democracy. Some decades later the Herero nation in London Wl I what was then German South West Africa We must support their efforts, but we must also criticise, warn and condemn, had the temerity to revolt and were ordered Sir — I read your review of recent books when this is necessary. There can surely be to be exterminated by being driven into the about Einstein (November 1993) in deep few people better qualified than we to make Kalahari desert. Not Jews at that time, just anguish. He will be seen as symbol ofan age such judgements! Blacks. and culture of unprecedented Denkfaulheit. tAallwyd, Powys Manfred Landau Democracy came to the Germans as a As Jews have been held guilty of causing result of military defeat, both in 1918andin antisemitism, so Einstein's insufficiency and 1945. At the end of the Second World War GERMANOPHOBIA Jewishness will be blamed for the stupidity it was imposed on West Germany (just as of those who worshipped him. Recognition Sir — 'Anti-German bias' as R. Graupner Communism was on the East) whereas that he had not been quite the saint many puts it in the November issue, is, indeed, believed him to be may, hopefully, mitigate hard to justify if it means the wholesale the disaster. condemnation of an entire nation which consists of millions of individuals and, more St. Sw/thun Street Gertrud Walton to the point, of families and groups which Winchester PARTNER influence each other. However, this is hardly the case in this journal. What does MISCONCEIVED in long established English Solicitors come through very clearly though is anti- (bi-lingual German) would be happy Sir — The controversy about the immaculate Nazi bias, Naziphobia, and I hope that Mr to assist clients with English, German conception rests, it appears, on the Isaiah Graupner will understand its motives very and Austrian problems. Contact prophecy (in 7.14 Soncino, Books of the clearly. Bible). The Hebrew term used is Hadalmah Connaught Avenue E. H. Kenneth — 'a young women shall conceive'. The Henry Ebner Grimsby Greek translators of the Septuagint trans­ at lated this term quite properly as 'virgin', Sir - I am getting more and more irritated parthenos. There is however a quite unam­ Myers Ebner & Deaner by the periodic complaints of your contri­ biguous Hebrew term for virgin: B'tula. 103 Shepherds Bush Road butors regarding your anti-German bias. Isaiah did not use it. The Greek term London W6 7LP My family owned some properties in the parthenos became virgin in other languages. former DDR and now, fifty years after the The Hebrew said no such thing and the New Telephone 071 602 4631 cessation of hostilities and four years after English Bible calls her again 'a young reunification, we are still without a penny of woman'; so does Soncino. The doctrine of ALL LEGAL WORK UNDERTAKEN all the rents collected over the past years and the immaculate conception did not become no compensation for the properties. dogma until the latter half of the 19th AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994 centur)-, when divinit}' and sex were held to On the Waugh path for the similar reason that they hail from be incompatible. Zeus knew better, or the platte land, rather than the more differently! advanced towns. So much for the vagaries of language and ass immigration has been a feature An interesting phenomenon is the split­ how it influences our attitudes. of the modern world since the ting of a migratory wave between a more Aberdare Gardens Ezra jurmann M 1850s. Irishmen hewed out the educated group seeking one destination and London London Docks, Poles manned the slaughter the rest another. This happened when the houses of Chicago and Italians built the North African Jews emigrated en masse in AUSTRIA'S BAYREUTH New York subway. Of late the pace of the 1950s. Those from Algeria — incorpor­ Sir — As always, 1 found much to enjoy in migratory movements has — if anything — ated into the French empire decades before your informative and occasionally sardonic quickened: early in the next century Spanish Morocco and Tunisia - largely went to notes on Salzburg. However, referring to is expected to replace English as the first France, while the others made for Israel. the Salzburg Festival as 'Austria's Bayreuth' language in the United States. The advent of Algerian Jews in France has seems to me about as meaningful as dub­ In Europe, meanwhile, increased migra­ had a stimulating effect on business, enter­ bing Richard Strauss Germany's Tchaik­ tory pressure is boosting the Far Right. tainment and public life, with some Sephar­ ovsky. What Hugo von Hofmannsthal said 'Three million immigrants equals three dim becoming veritable household names. on this subject was 'Let Bayreuth stay as it million unemployed', trumpets Le Pen: Jacques Derrida is a philosopher who raises is; it serves one great master; Salzburg will Germany has barred asylum-seekers; anti- hackles wherever he goes; Jacques Attali served universal greatness'. Bangladeshi feeling gave the BNP a council was, until recently, director of the European Don Giovanni under Bruno Walter's seat in East London. Bank of Reconstruction and Development, baton, Toscanini's Zauberflote and Meis­ Now, with Auberon Waugh's onslaught and his brother Bernard headed Air France. tersinger, Falstaff with Stabile, Fidelio with on the Booker Prize awards to 'foreigners', Britain has, in a way, replicated the Lotte Lehmann, Reinhardt's Faust and xenophobia has spread into the rarified phenomenon ofa Sephardi 'split'. When the Jedermann provide just some random sphere of literature. It possibly irks Waugh whole of Iraqi Jewry had to leave in the examples of this universalism. that the targets of his attack are not even 1940s, the bulk went to Israel, but a wealthy Some Austrian Bayreuth indeed! straight-forward foreigners - but hyphen­ elite came here; their offspring include the Lambourne Road Fred Rosner ated ones. The 1992 winner, Michael Saatchi brothers of media and art gallery Chigwell Oondatje, is Sri Lankan-Canadian, and the fame, and television executive Alan Yentob. current one, Roddy Doyle, Anglo-Irish, in In the economic sphere it has long been I was writing about the Festival's entire 'lifespan', the sense that he is a Dublin-born English accepted that outsider status acts as a spur not just its first twenty years. Moreover, I tried to speaker. (Ireland, unlike Israel, has failed to to achievement, pace the Huguenots Bar­ contrast the mentality ofthe Salzburgers with the revive its ancient language). clays and Courtauld, the Jews Melchett and intention of the Festival founders. Ed The 1993 shortlist likewise featured the Marks, the Germans Bessemer and Tiny Russo-Canadian Michael Ignatieff, the Rowland and the Egyptian El-Fayed FINK'S QUIP Lebanese-Australian David Malouf and the brothers. Sir — The reference in Bar sinister Anglo-Hungarian Tibor Fischer. In others words: migrants are a good (November issue) to Arnold Bronnen's Fischer, namesake of the founder of thing. Would Auberon Waugh really prefer mother's affidavit calls to mind a parallel Germany's largest publishing house, raises an English literary landscape bereft of such incident concerning Goring's protege, the question: where would the world be figures as the Pole Joseph Conrad, the Werner Milch. I vividly remember that most without its hyphenated Hungarians? Would Trinidadian Naipaul brothers, the Afro- couragous compere Werner Fink's quip Britain have had a film industry - or Caribbean Nobel Prize winner Derek Wal­ which went something like this: America the atom bomb? cott and the Indian 'Moslem' Salman I asked my mother whether I was Jewish. In fact, given the outflow of talented Rushdie? She replied 'Werner, hole mal das Gdste- people from Hungary, one wonders how D R.G. buch' (Werner, fetch the guest book). those left behind managed at all. The Maida Vale (Rabbi) C. £. Cassell question is not as facetious as it sounds if London one looks at mid-19th century Germany. F. GOLDMAN 1 There the outflow of Liberals (mainly to Curtains made to measure. Select material in America) after the unsuccessful 1848 revo­ your own home. Tracl

Our new Director e are pleased to announce the work of increasing variety and importance. appointment of a new director of He always identified with his refugee WAJR. He is Mr. Ernest David, background and, indeed, has been a who, as a small child, came to England with member of the AJR for many years. His his mother in March 1939. He will take up wife, Nicole, is Belgian and survived the war his duties as the chief executive officer ofthe in hiding in Belgium. She has always taken Association early in January. an active interest in helping others and for After studying law and obtaining an many years worked at the Citizens Advice LL.D. (Hons.) degree from University Bureau. College London, Ernest David qualified as a We are confident that Ernest David will barrister at Gray's Inn. bring to his new responsibilities a dedicated Mr David also served three years as an and caring leadership which, combined Education Officer in the Royal Air Force. with his managerial experience and abili­ There followed a long and successful career ties, will develop the AJR's services for the in the aircraft industry, where he was benefit alike of its members, its staff and all involved in management and consulting those it seeks to serve. D

AJR Social Service Department update SWl, enclosing a stamped, self-addressed LEBENSBESCHEINIGUNG envelope. They will authenticate and return it for you to forward it to Germany. Signing of Life Certificates for those in F.rnest David Alternatively, if you wish the Embassy to receipt of German Pensions. forward the certificate to Germany on your Your German Life Certificate may be behalf please enclose a stamped envelope signed and stamped by your Bank Manager, addressed to the relevant authority in Making a will? by your Doctor or by an official at your Germany. Remember the AJR local Police Station. It must then be sent to The Legalisation Department, German Something that none of us should Embassy, 22 Belgrave Square, London LEBENSBESTATIGUNG avoid is making a will and keeping it up to date. Signing of Life Certificates for those in receipt of Austrian Pensions. We know we cannot take our Your Austrian Life Certificate may be worldly possessions with us but we signed by an official at your local Police can — at least - see that whatever is AJR MEALS ON WHEELS Station or by a Notary Public and then sent left behind goes: A wide variety of high quality kosher on to Vienna (do not send it to the Austrian (a) where it will be appreciated, frozen food is available, ready made Embassy in London). However if you are (b) where it will do some good, and delivered to your door, via the AJR housebound you may ask your Doctor to (c) where it is needed. meals on wheels service. The food is stamp and sign the certificate but it is also cooked in our own kitchens in Cleve Many of our former refugees have Road, NW6, by our experienced staff. necessary for him to write a short letter found their association with the AJR stating that you are alive and giving your a rewarding one. This is an This service is available to those name, address and date of birth. The Life opportunity to support the AJR members with mobility problems or Certificate and letter should then be for­ other difficulties. Charitable Trust. Your solicitor will warded to Vienna. be able to help you; alternatively The cost for a kosher 3 course meal is £3.00. You are probably aware that if you use a you can consult with Delivery charge SOp. Payment for meals to Notary Public you could incur some con­ our welfare rights advisor, Agi be made to the Driver. siderable expense. It would be wise to Alexander, on 071-483 2536 (Tues, inquire the total cost before using such a if you live in North or North West Weds, Thurs) or the social workers London and wish to take advantage of service. at the Day Centre 071-328 0208. this service phone Mrs Ruth Finestone If you have already made a will, it is on 071-328 0208 for details and an Reminder: If you take your Life Certificate quite easy to add a codicil. assessment interview. to a Police Station to be signed please take Whatever amount you are able to along your October 93 issue of AJR Infor­ Meals can still be collected from 15 mation and, if you have any problem, show leave to the AJR, it will be well Cieve Road on weekdays (Mondays- received, carefully applied and Thursdays) for £3.00 per meal. them the article on page 11 which is headed remembered with gratitude. '2. Lebensbescheinigung/Bestatigung (Life Certificate)'. AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

Indian Summer holiday tured' types took the opportunity to visit the famous Russel-Cotes Museum. In contrast to a summer's day, the tranquility of this November 'heatwave' was soothing and added an unexpected element of beauty to the scenery of the area. Glorious red sunsets over the Purbeck Hills seemed to whisper of health, happiness and long restful nights. I take this opportunity, on behalf of the whole group, to express our profound gratitude to Sylvia Matus and Rene Lee for having organised this holiday so efficiently and expertly. D

With thanks to Mr H. Cyvia.

Tripping the Light Fantastic in Bournemouth hoto: Steiner AJR Our address is: he Paul Balint AJR Day Centre week with all the comforts of home and a good 1 HAMPSTEAD GATE, away in Bournemouth was a great few more for good measure! lA FROGNAL, LONDON NW3 6AL. Tsuccess. Dancing, bingo and quizzes The fine weather and warm sunshine Our phone number is: galore ensured that the whole company was provided an additional treat, giving extra 071-431 6161 in marvellous spirits with laughter and pleasure to those of our little band who Our Fax number Is: jokes aplently. Our stay at the Cumberland could not resist browsing in the local 071-431 8454 Hotel included many well-planned coach- markets or siinply window shopping trips and the staff ensured we were provided around the town. Some of the more 'cul-

PAUL BAUNT AJR Sunday 9 A Little Bit Of Everything - Monday 24 Showtime - Helena Guest (Soprano) accompanied by DAY CENTRE Susan Baraban (Soprano) accompanied by Rosa ••| b> Barry Wynford-Dawes Butwick (Piano) *•• r (Piano) 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 3RL Monday 10 The Deancroft Ensemble - Tuesday 25 New Year Serenade - Tel. 071 328 0208 Kathy Evans (Soprano) Hans Freund & Guest Laura Howe (Mezzo) Grace Artists Puilinger (Mezzo) Wednesday 26 Musical Gems - Jack Open Tuesday and Thursday 9.30 a.m.- accompanied by Monica Davidoff (Violin) 7 p.m., Monday and Wednesday 9.30 a.m.- Wykes (Piano) accompanied by Jules 3.30 p.m., Sunday 2 p.m.—7 p.m. . Tuesday 11 For Your Entertainment - Rubin (Piano) Sylvia Cohen (Piano) Thursday 27 The Richard Tauber with Sheree Oxenham Memories — George Morning Activities - Bridge, kalookie, (Soprano) Kazanzi (Baritone) scrabble, chess, etc., keep fit, discussion Wednesday 11 Songs From My Album — accompanied by Happy group, choir [Mondays], art class {Tuesdays Cantor Michael Rothstein Branston (Piano) and Thursdays). (Baritone) accompanied by Sunday 30 Kim Whyte Entertains with Sheila Games (Piano) a Medley of Songs & Arias Thursday 13 Wintertime Serenade - Jack from Musicals, Operetta & Afternoon entertainment • Harris accompanied by Opera Happy Bransron Monday 31 The Dulcet Tones JANUARY Sunday 16 Winter Song &c Music - Sue Sunday 2 CLOSED Kennett (Soprano) Monday 3 CLOSED accompanied by Richard FEBRUARY Tuesday 4 Songs Old - Songs New - Hoyle (Piano) Tuesday 1 Take A Quick-Step Back In Songs You Will Remember Monday 17 Lieder, Operetta & Folk Time - Geoffrey Strum — Eddy Simmons with Songs - Helene Wold (Tenor) accompanied by Piano Accompaniment (Soprano) accompanied by Johnny Walton (Piano) Wednesday 5 A New Year Has Begun Vegard Lund (Guitar) Wednesday 2 Musical Harmony - Jack with Music by Jack Tuesday 18 WIZO Ladies Choir Harris accompanied by Davidoff (Violin) & Sylvia Wednesday 19 The Roussel String Trio Happy Branston Cohen (Piano) Thursday 20 A Musical Afternoon In Thursday 3 TRINITY QUARTET - Thursday 6 Around The World In January - Piano Duo & Vasiliki Fikaris (Soprano) Song - Margaret Pearman Solos with Sheila Games &C Domenico Colonna (Tenor) (Soprano) accompanied Daphne Lewis Devon Harrison (Bass) by Phillip Mountford Sunday 23 The Hampstead Garden accompanied by Tony (Piano) Opera Singers Papano (Piano) AJR INFORMATION JANL/ARy 1994

FAMILY EVENTS Nehab House, passed away on 26 Miscellaneous Marion Sipser, Paul Balint AJR Day- Deaths November 1993, aged 90. Sadly Electrician City and Guilds quah­ Centre: 071-328 0208 Tuesday, Goldstein Walter Goldstein missed by cousins Resi Liebmann, fied. All doemstic work undertaken. Thursday and Sunday. (widower of Bertl) suddenly on 1 Lore Bodek and Erika Katzenstein. Y. Stemreich. Tel: 081-455 5262. November, aged 81. Deeply Manicure and pedicure in the com­ The AJR does not accept CLASSIFIED mourned and sadly missed by his fort of your own home. Telephone responsibility for the devoted daughters, family and Compan ion/Carers 081-455 7582. standard of service Holborn WCI Volunteer visitors friends. Lady recently retired seeks part time rendered by advertisers. are needed for AJR members living Granby Hans Granby (formerly of employment. Box No. 1251. Breslau) passed away after a lengthy in this area, near Woburn House, For quality curtains and blinds at ADVERTISEMENT RATES illness on 8 November, 1993, aged one of whom is blind. Offers please realistic prices. Ring for free home FAMILY EVENTS 89 years. Sadly missed by his wife to Laura Howe on: 071-431 6161, estimate. B. Gould 071 289 0246 or First 15 words free of charge, Steffi, daughter and son-in-law Tuesday to Friday. £2.00 per 5 words thereafter. 081-958 7436. Marianne and Peter Summerfield, Experienced carer available, also CLASSIFIED grandchildren Janette and Susan during unsociable hours, to look Volunteer drivers required to take £2.00 per five words. and their families. after elderly and disabled relatives. people home from Paul Balint AJR BOX NUMBERS £3.00 extra. Kohsen Elisabeth Johanna Koh­ References available. Modest rates. Day Centre, Sundays at 7 p.m. Tel: 081-209 1224. Please help. Expenses can be paid. DISPLAY, SEARCH NOTICES sen, nee Unger, died peacefully in per single column inch London recently at the age of 90. Carer available day or night duty. Phone Laura Howe, AJR office: 16 ems (3 columns per page) £8.00 She will be missed by her surviving Telephone: 081-452 8651. 071-431 6161 Tuesday-Friday or 12 ems (4 columns per page) £7.00 daughter Monice Schubert, and by her six grandchildren and her many SHELTERED FLATS friends. IRENE FASHIONS formerly of Swiss Cottage. TO LET Lee-Lichtenstern Dr Edith Lee- Sizes 10 to 50 hips Lichtenstern, born 1906 in Vienna, A DELIGHTFUL COLLECTION OF ENGLISH AND A few flats still available at died in London on 23 October. CONTINENTAL DESIGNS Mourned by sister Kate Fielding and Eleanor Rathbone House Don't miss this opportunity to buy something different at affordable prices nieces Evelyn Page and .Marian Highgate N6 For an early appointment kindly ring before I I a.m. I Fielding and friends. or after 7 p.m. 081-346 9057. Details from: Mrs K. Gould, ' Lippmann Hildegard Lippmann. AJR, on 071-431 6161 j My brave, darling wife left us on 23 Tuesday and Thursday i November. My love for her will last mornings. j until the end of my days, her ANTHONY J. NEWTON Freddymann. Viewing by appointment only. Renton Eva Renton nee Spiegel, &C0 __™__ i formerly Berlin, resident of Clara SOLICITORS R.&G. 22 Fitzjohns Avenue, Hampstead, NW3 5NB (ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS) SEEKING FRIENDSHIP LTD. Are you looking for congenial ALL LEGAL WORK UNDERTAKEN company in your area, or a 199b Belsize Road, NW6 new penfriend with shared Telephone: 071 435 5351/071 794 9696 Interests? Why not advertise 624 2646/328 2646 in AJR Information? Members: E.C.A. Phone: 071-431 6161 and SHELTERED FLAT N.I.C.E.I.C. ask for the advertising BELSIZE SQUARE Leo Baeck Housing Association department. APARTMENTS at 11 Fitzjohns Avenue NW3, near ALTERATIONS 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, N.W.S Swiss Cottage. Tel: 071-794 4307 or 071-435 2557 OF ANY KIND TO FOR FAST EFFICIENT FRIDGE Bed-sitling room, kitchenette, LADIES' FASHIONS bathroom, entrance hall, resident & FREEZER REPAIRS I also design and make MODERN SELF-CATERING HOLIDAY warden. 7-day service ROOMS, RESIDENT HOUSEKEEPER children's clothes Contact Mr A. Flynn: 081-958 All parts guaranteed MODERATE TERMS. West Hampstead area NEAR SWISS COTTAGE STATION 5678 071-328 6571 J. B. Services (Hon. Administrator/Treasurer) Tel. 081-202 4248 until 9 pm SWITCH ON TORRINGTON HOMES AUDLEY ELECTRICS DAWSON HOUSE HOTEL MRS. PRINGSHEIM, S.R.N., REST HOME MATRON Rewires and all household (Hendon) • Free Street Parking in front of the Hotel For Elderly, Retired and Convalescent electrical work. (Licensed by Borough of Barnet) for Elderly Retired Gentlefolk • Full Central Heating • Free Laundry PHONE PAUL: 081-200 3518 • Single and Double Rooms. • Free Dutch-Style Continental Breakfast Single and Double Rooms with wash • H/C Basins and CH in all rooms. basins and central heating. TV lounge ' Gardens, TV and reading rooms. C. H. WILSON 72 CANFIELO GARDENS • Nurse on duty 24 hours. and dining-room overlooking lovely • Long and short term, Including trial garden. Carpenter Painter and Decorator Near Underground Sta. Finchley Rd, period if required. 24-hour care—long and short term. From £250 per week French Polisher Licensed by the Borough of Barnet LONDON, N.W.6 081-445 1244 Office hours Antique Furniture Repaired Tel: 071-624 0079 081-455 1335 other times Enquiries 081-202 2773/8967 Tel: 081-452 8324 39 Torrington Park, N.12 Car: 0831 103707

10 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

Alice Schwab produced and informative catalogue about international survey of contemporary por­ his work is available at the exhibition (Price traiture and includes works by Freud, £14.95). Auerbach, Hockney and others. The first Claude Lorrain (known as Claude) was special display in the new photographic one of the great landscape painters of the gallery is The NPG Collects, sponsored by 17th century. An exhibition of his work The British Gas (until 6 March). The exhibition Poetic Landscape is at the National Gallery concentrates on some of the fine photo­ Different Perspective at the Com­ (until 10 April). The exhibition concen­ graphs acquired by the Gallery between monwealth Institute (until 13 March) trates on Claude as a teller of stories, 1970 and 1993. A comprises 40 paintings by Lisa bringing together some 28 paintings and One of the most comprehensive Faberge O'Connor depicting architectural and over 50 drawings, and examines the sub­ exhibitions ever to be mounted is at the beach scenes in Trinidad. Lisa was born in jects of his pictures and how far they Victoria and Albert Museum (until 10 Jamaica; this is her first exhibition in the determined the form of his compositions. April). The exhibition originally opened at United Kingdom. A most beautiful exhibition was held last the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg, then The wonderful exhibition of drawings October in the Stained Glass Gallery of the went to the Musee des Arts Decoratifs in from the J. Paul Gett\' Museum can still Central St Martin's School of Art and Paris and is now in London. be seen at the Royal Academy until 23 Design. It was the Fellows' Exhibition of Annely Juda is showing works by Gwen January. From 14 January until 4 April the Stained Glass and comprised the work of Hardie (27 January—5 March). Gwen is one Royal Academy will be showing The Ruth Taylor Jacobson and Ruth Kersley of the most significant and original young Unknown Modigliani: Dratvings from the Greisman. Two panels by Ruth Jacobson women Scottish painters whose tough and Collection of Paul Alexandre. Dr Paul are on permanent display at the Spiro uncompromising style was encouraged by Alexandre was Modigliani's doctor, friend Institute. Georg Baselitz whom she met whilst on a and patron during the artist's early years in Six young theatre designers, Nicholas scholarship in Berlin. Paris and collected over 400 drawings. This Barnes, Giuseppe Belli, Alison Darke, Lorna The Ben Uri Art Society is preparing a is an important collection, because other­ Marshall, David Polser and Konika Shan- revised catalogue of its collection which will wise Modigliani drawings are rare on the kar, are exhibiting their stage models and be published early next year. A considerable ground. The Royal Academy is also show­ costume designs inspired by John Casken's number of good pictures have been ing The Pursuit of the Absolute: Art of the opera. The Golem, at the Manor House acquired by the Society over the last few Ancient World (20 January to 6 April). This Society (until 13 January). years and all these are included in the new exhibition comprises some 300 master­ The National Portrait Gallery's new and comprehensive catalogue. An exhibi­ pieces from the great George Ortiz Collec­ galleries are now open to the public. A new tion of new works in the collection will be tion: carvings from Sumeria, Egyptian exhibition The Portrait Now continues held in the Spring to mark the publication of sculptures, works in bronze, marble and until 6 February. This is the first ever the catalogue. D ceramic from Greece, the Near and Middle East. The Barbican Art Gallery is showing All Paryla-Raky (whose mother Hortense Raky Human Life: Great Photographs from the SB's Column was a very young Josefstadt member in the Hulton Deutsch Collection (until 24 April). Thirties). The new Vienna Jewish Museum This collection was originally derived from has an exhibition entitled Hier hat Teitel­ the picture library established as an archive alzburg's Jedermann in the melting baum gewohnt, a documentary of Vienna's for Picture Post, but other archives and pot. Jedermann performances, reg­ Jewish history from the 14th century to the picture collections have been added over the S ular feature of the Festival since its present day. It will remain open until May last fifty years, and now comprises over 15 inception in 1920, gave the most prominent 1994. million images. actors of the day the opportunity of appear­ Cabaretist, composer and pianist Roger Hilton's father came from a family ing in the lead. Starting with Alexander Gerhard Bronner has returned to Vienna of German-Jewish bankers. The exhibition Moissi and Paul Hartmann, Everyman was after several years' absence. Bronner, of his work at the Hayward Gallery also played by Attila Horbiger, Curd together with Peter Wehle and Helmut continues until 6 February. A very well- Jurgens and, more recently, by Maximilian Qualtinger were central figures of the post­ Schell and Klaus Maria Brandauer. The war cabaret scene, mainly during the years original Reinhardt production, adapted by of Four Power occupation. His return was Helene Thimig after the war and, later, by marked by several Konzerthaus appear­ Ernst Haeussermann is now considered out ances in which diseuse Lore Krainer and the HILARY'S AGENCY of date. In 1994 the play will either be ever-youthful Elfriede Ott took part. Specialists In Long and Short-Term Live-in Care dropped or revamped. Grafenegg. Metternich's castle, Grafenegg, RESPITE AND EMERGENCY CARE Vienna. The Volkstheater presented a exhibited film scenery, costumes, photo­ CARE FOR THE ELDERLY graphs and posters of Austrian films of the HOUSEKEEPERS dramatic work by Ilan Hatsor, a hitherto RECUPERATION CARE unknown Israeli author; it is probably the Thirties, Forties and Fifties in historic MATERNITY NURSES surroundings. Stars of those days — NANNIES AND MOTHER'S HELPS first play about the Israeli-Arab conflict EMERGENCY MOTHERS and, in view of present-day negotiations for Christiane Horbiger, Hilde Krahl, Jane Caring and Experienced Staff Available a Middle Eastern peace, doubly topical. Tilden and Giinther Philip —attended. The We will be happy to discuss your Called Die Vermummten, it has the 8 8-year most admired costumes were Paula Wes- requirements old veteran actor Karl Paryla, as director, sely's Maria Theresia dress and the Fiaker PLEASE PHONE 081-559-1110 with a lead part taken by his son Stefan outfit as worn by Leo Slezak. D

II AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

A HISTORY OF THE JEWS IN THE GERMAN-SPEAKING LANDS 50,000 Jews had fled to Austria from Galicia during the advance of the Russian army into that province in 1915 and again Part 16: The Weimar period (2) during the Russo-Pohsh War of 1920: the Jewish population of Vienna had increased by 25%. In the Eastern part of Germany, The Jews and German Culture there were some cities in which the Ostju­ den outnumbered the German Jews: Leip­ here is the idea, assiduously propa­ In Psychology: Sigmund Freud and the zig, as an extreme example, had 4,000 gated by the Nazis, that the avant whole of his inner circle except C. G. Jung. German Jews and 18,000 Ostjuden in 1922. Tgarde culture which flourished in In Sociology: Karl Mannheim, Max Even those who had been there since the Berlin, Vienna, Zurich, and a few other Horkheimer, Theodore Adorno, Herbert Russian pogroms in the 1880s for the most German-speaking cities between about Marcuse. part did not have German citizenship: 1880 and 1933 was specifically Jewish. This naturalization, then as now, was extremely is of course not so: Grosz, Dix, Ernst, The Jews in the Economy difficult: ten years' residency was required Kirchner, Schwitters, Beckmann, Gropius, The 500,000 Jews of Germany represented as a minimum, and even then the German Brecht, and innumerable writers are some only about 1% of the population (and the Lander could decide on further technicali­ among the key-figures of the avant garde, 200,000 of Austria about 3%). But during ties which were so restrictive that many and none of these was Jewish. The Sezession the Weimar Republic 11% of doctors in Ostjuden did not even apply. Bavaria, the or art nouveau style, especially of Vienna, Germany (and 47% in Austria) were Jew­ stronghold of antisemitism after 1920, has been described as expressing le gout ish; so were 16% of the lawyers (62% in simply expelled Jews without German juif; bur Viennese Jews were more active as Austria); 40% of the wholesale textile nationality in 1923. patrons than as creators of this art. businesses were under Jewish management, The German-Jewish organizations did Nevertheless, the roll-call of Jewish cultural as were 50% of private banks, and 80% of much to help their poorer brethren; but the figures during this period is impressive. department stores. The average Jewish Ostjuden were also widely resented by There is not space here to do more than list income was three times higher than the all- them. The acculturated Jews of Germany some of the most famous names. They are German average. and Austria were affronted by the Ostju- drawn from the German-speaking world - den's foreign ways, by their religious ortho­ some were Austrian by birth, some German, The Ostjuden doxy, and by their Zionist sympathies; and some Czech. Included in the list are some Of course not all Jews were prosperous. they were well aware that this immigration whose identification with Judaism, either in About 20% (100,000) of them were in fact fuelled the rhetoric ofthe antisemites. So the its religious or in its secular form, was not very poor. These were predominantly Jews Ostjuden were kept at arm's length: in 1930 active; and, indeed, there are a few who who had come from the East, the Ostjuden. there were at least 29 Jewish communities were nominal converts to Christianity for Added to the large influx into both Ger­ (including of course that of Leipzig) which the sake of their own careers or that of their many and Austria after the Russian denied them voting rights inside the com­ children. pogroms from 1881 onwards, there was a munal organizations. There was even a further huge wave during and after the First small but vociferous Verband National- Famous names World War: during the war more than deutscher Juden, led by Dr Max Naumann, Jews were strongly represented in all the which was as right wing and as German- liberal press. Karl Kraus in Vienna and Kurt chauvinist as the DNVP and which bitterly Tucholsky in Berlin are famous names. attacked the main organization of German In the theatre there was the producer Jews, the Centralverein deutscher Staats­ Max Reinhardt, the actress Elisabeth East-Germany biirger jiidischen Glaubens, for being un­ Bergner and the film director Fritz Lang. patriotic in helping Ostjuden instead of In Literature the most prominent names and Berlin supporting their exclusion. are Franz Werfel, Arthur Schnitzler, Joseph Roth, Franz Kafka, Alfred Doblin, Stefan We give immediate attention. Zweig, Lion Feuchtwanger. We process and buy properties/claims. Zionism In Music we have the composers Gustav The charge that it was lacking in patriotism Mahler, Arnold Schonberg and Kurt Weill; was particularly offensive to the Centralver­ the conductors Otto Klemperer and Bruno We pay cash. ein. As its full name suggests, it strongly Walter; the pianist Artur Schnabel and the We have proven track records and furnish asserted the identification of its members violinist Fritz Kreisler; the singers Richard documentation. with the German nation. It therefore Tauber, Friederich Schorr, and Alexander became increasingly nervous of the Zionist Kipnis. Write to: position that, though Jews should fulfil their In Painting there are Max Liebermann Nagel & Partner citizen obligations to the German state and Ludwig Meidner; and in Art History Ulilandstrasse i56' 10719 Berlin while they lived there, they were not part of Max Friedlander and Erwin Panofsky. Phone:030-882 56 31 the German nation since they had their own Fax:030-881 39 16 In Science: Albert Einstein and five out of national identity. 15 German Nobel-Prize winners. The German Zionist Federation had been In Philosophy: Ernst Cassirer, Edmund founded in 1897 by a handful of German Husserl, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Martin Jews who at that time saw it as their Buber. primary task, not that German Jews should

12 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

colonize Palestine, but that Eastern Jews, Factory a far better read than the Dahl inside and outside of Germany, should be The Work or the biography. Now, to move on from the helped to do this. This was known as Man? slightly ridiculous to the sublime, i.e. 'Practical Zionism'. 'Political Zionism', Richard Wagner. There seems to be no end which asserted the national identity of the to learned Wagnerites ready to attempt an Jews, initially played a very small part in the he question whether knowing about Ehrenrettung of their idol. In Covent Gar­ movement, and was very unpopular with the life of a creative artist enhances den's de luxe programme for the current the great majority of German Jews: indeed Tone's appreciation of his work production of Die Meistersinger von Niirn­ there was such strong opposition to it by continues to excite debate. One side argues berg Bryan Magee seeks to refute the charge leading individuals in the German Jewish that biographers simply cash in on the that the opera conveys a xenophobic mess­ community that Herzl had been forced to public's appetite for warts on the face of age. He argues that, when Hans Sachs lauds abandon the idea of convoking the first greatness - such as Benjamin Britten's deutsche Meister and condemns ivelschen Zionist Congress to Munich and had had to penchant for the company of young boys or Tand (foreign dross) he is merely counter­ move it to Basel instead (1897). Daphne du Manner's infatuation with acting the German tendency to feel inferior another woman. The opposition contend But Jewish nationalism among the Ger­ to the French. France had, after all, long that, since the wellsprings of creation lie in man Jews became steadily stronger and been the arbiter of culture and taste with the the artist's personality, his or her personal adopted some of the vdlkisch concepts Paris Opera dominating Europe's musical life is a topic of legitimate public interest. about race and blood that were so prevalent life. among German nationalists. At the German The 'man versus the work' controversy Magee goes on to claim that Wagner's Zionist Convention of 1912, the PoHtical has been re-ignited by the publication of feelings about Germany were on a par with Zionists outvoted the Practical Zionists and Jeremy Treglow's biography of Roald Dahl. Verdi's about Italy. Worse: he dubs Verdi adopted as part of their programme that all Dahl, who did for postwar children what the more intense nationalist of the two. German Zionists should at least prepare Beatrix Potter, Enid Blyton, A. A. Milne and He is arguing from an unhistorical themselves to going to Palestine (though by Kenneth Graham had done for earlier premiss. At the time Italy was part-occupied 1933 only about 2,000 German Jews had generations, emerges as a thoroughly un­ by a foreign power, i.e. Austria, while the actually gone there). In 1912 the German pleasant man from Treglow's study. whole of Germany, though divided, enjoyed Zionist Federation had only 8,400 Not the least unpleasant aspect of Dahl, independence. Furthermore Verdi deplored members; but by 1923-the year of the which Jewishly conscious readers may Italian expansionism in Ethiopia. As for Munich Putsch - the membership had risen already have known about, was his deep- Wagner, in 1870 he urged Bismarck to end to 33,000. Zionism found eloquent expres­ seated antisemitism. Some ten years ago he the long-drawn-out siege of Paris by bom­ sion in Martin Buber's Der Jude, a maga­ published a blatantly anti-Israel diatribe in barding its inhabitants with artillery. Char­ zine founded in 1916, and in the Jiidische the form of a review of a book on the acteristically the egomaniac Wagner urged Rundschau after Robert Weltsch became its Middle East conflict. Then, when chal­ this bloody course of action because some editor in 1920. After the failure of the lenged on his Judeophobia, he made allega­ years earlier Tannhduser had flopped at Putsch, when it appeared that the Nazis and tions about Jews shirking frontline duty in i'Opera. other vdlkisch groups had shot their bolt, the Second World War. (Interestingly, Is it to be wondered at, therefore, that Zionist membership fell again: by 1927 Dahl's own account of his wartime bravery some people who can't stand too much there were only 20,000. Then, as the Nazi was rather exaggerated - as Treglow dis­ reality want to know about the work — but threat grew during the Depression, so did covered while researching his life.) not the man behind it? D R.G. the number of Zionists: in mid-1933 the I, who once had the privilege in the 1960s membership was 35,000. of meeting Erich Kastner 'in the flesh', n Ralph Blumenau found the notion of a children's author as a hate-filled bigot almost beyond comprehen­ sion. That was before my first glimpse of COMPANIONS Dahl on television. There his facial expres­ sion bespoke such ill-tempered disdain that I could credit him with every vice under the OF LONDON Search Notices sun. A specialist home care service I was therefore a little surprised to see to assist the elderly, people Chaim Bloch, born 1881 in Nagy-Bockzo, CSR, Joanna Coles in The Guardian — that profession: journalist and writer, later rabbi. with disabilities, help during Married Golda Bloch, nee Landemann, born repository of political correctness — censur­ and after illness, childcare 1884. Last known address in Vienna: ing Treglow for his 'demolition job' and and household needs. Rafaelgasse 1/16, Vienna 20. Came to Britain 4 proclaiming Charlie and the Chocolate August, 1938. They had two children: Regina For a service tailored to your individual needs Bloch, born 1905 and Maria Bloch born 1909 by Companions who care - Please call (approx). I am looking for the heirs ot the two daughters Regina and Maria, who probably did BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE 071-483 0212 marry and have children. Please contact: Dr 51 Belsize Square, London, N.W.S Paul Nunhelm. Brandenburgische Strasse 25, 071-483 0213 10707 Berlin, Germany. Our communal hall is available Rosa Petruchowicz, born in Lodz, a survivor for cultural 110 Gloucester Avenue, of Bergen-Belsen, had a son, Natan. on June and social functions. Primrose Hill, 17, 1946 in a clinic in Bevensen. Natan was taken to Palestine from Germany In 1947 and For details apply to: London NWl 8JA adopted. His name is now Uriel Rot and he Secretary, Synagogue Office. (Emp Agy) wishes to contact his mother. Box No. 1255. Tel: 071-794 3949

13 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

lOOg (31 oz) caster sugar Cooking with Gretel Beer lOOg (35 oz) ground walnuts 40 Years Ago lOOg (31 oz) raisins this Month a little grated lemonrind 1 teaspoon vanilla sugar "VOLUME IX" icing sugar sifted with vanilla sugar for •"AJR Information" now enters the ninth year sprinkling over top, butter and ground of its existence. Its foundation in 1946 coincided walnuts for the dish. with the announcement of the Home Office that pre-war refugees were now eligible for Method naturalisation. Though, meanwhile, almost all "•" . ^fc , — / B our readers have become citizens of this country, Butter a deep gratin dish and dust with the need of a paper which informs them on their ground walnuts. Pre-heat the oven at Gas specific problems has never been as widely Mark 5, 375°F, 190°C. recognised as in these days. Especially during the past year, the number of subscribers has grown Separate eggyoiks and whites. Cream steadily. To some extent, this is due to the Curd Cheese Pudding butter and sugar until light and fluffy, then topicality of the restitution and compensation beat in the cheese and eggyoiks, adding problem. Yet beyond this practical object, "AJR Information" tries to preserve the spiritual them one by one and beating well after each ^^^his is a marvellous pudding for chilly heritage of Central European Jewry and to deal addition. Whisk the whites until stiff and with the manifold problems of our time under 1 winter evenings. The quantities fold into the mixture, alternately with the this specific aspect. 1 should feed 4—6, but I have known In 1953. "AJR Information" has been able to ground walnuts. Finally fold in the raisins, far fewer people polish it off with the extend its services. This involved an additional grated lemon rind and the vanilla sugar. burden on our budget. Whether and to what greatest ease as it is very light. Use cure Spoon into the prepared gratin dish and extent we may widen its scope further in 1954 rather than cottage cheese, with a fat will, in the first place, depend on the co­ bake until nicely browned on top - about content of approximately 20%. operation of all AJR members. We thank them 35-40 minutes. Dust thickly with icing for their loyalty in the past and we hope that, in sugar sifted with vanilla sugar. their own interest, they will continue to .sponsor Ingredients the development of this paper. lOOg (3 2 oz) curd cheese The pudding tastes best served at room AJR Information, January 1954 6 eggs temperature. Serve with raspberry syrup or lOOg (3^ oz) butter stewed fruit. D VERSE AND WORSE WEST END ESTATES TEDDY KOLLEK Jerusalem the three-faiths city Commercial & Residential sales, lettings, management and Voted you out - more's the pity - investments. You made it the world's cynosure Ralph Kossman But in judgement it stayed poor 322 West End Lane, Hampstead, London NW6 I LN THURROCK SYNDROME Napoleon's 'shopkeeper nation' Telephone: 071-794 1000 Has undergone a slight mutation Fax:071-794 7444 From Bottoinley to teeny-boppers To OAPs the Brits are shoppers Are you recovering from an illness or about to have an operation? Retirement by the sea Come to sunny Hove Are you finding it hard to cope alone . . .? For a happy and secure retirement start a new life at Marigold House, a small, friendly kosher home close to the sea, synagogue and shops.

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14 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

of Nazi prohibitions and joined the family Adelheide Heimann Obituaries firm taking over management re­ sponsibilities from his uncles. In 1935 he Berlin-born Heidi Heimann has died aged 90. Wilhelm Feldberg FRS married Steffi, a childhood sweetheart who had also studied law. After studies at Freiburg, Berlin and Bonn Wilhelm Feldberg, physiologist and phar­ Throughout his early adult life, Hans was she gained her doctorate in art history in macologist, has died, aged 93. Hamburg- an active member of the Central Associa­ 1930. Much of her work focussed on born, he saw service in the Great War, and tion of German Jews [Zentralverein Christian iconography, about which she subsequently studied at several German deutscher Juden). He acquired a reputation produced many papers and gave lectures, universities, including Berlin. There he took for public speaking and was known as an notably at the Sorbonne in Paris. Occasio­ his doctorate and worked in its Institute of advocate of democratic principles. nally moving outside her field, Heidi pub­ Physiolog)'. One day in 1933 he was called In 1938 he was arrested by the Nazis and lished articles and papers on Thomas into the director's office and as a Jew sent to Buchenwald Concentration Camp. Mann, Rilke and, in contrast, Picasso. dismissed on the spot. In spite of his perilous Fortunately he had, by then, with the help of After emigration in 1936 she took up a situation he asked for a few hours' exten­ his sister-in-law, obtained a work permit for post in the photographic studio of the England. This enabled Steffi to secure his sion to finish an experiment in progress. Warburg Institute. Her photographic skills release by bravely pleading his case before and journalistic flair earned her a position In England he worked at Cambridge the Gestapo. Universin,', rising from lecturer to reader in on Picture Post where she worked from In England, Hans was initially interned 1941-52. physiology. He then went on the National and was sent from one race course to She returned to research in the mid-5 Os Institute for Medical Research, where he another. On being released, he again manu­ and was once again highly productive. made groundbreaking discoveries in the factured starch and became generally active sphere of neurotransmission and of hista­ in import/export. After the war, he helped Throughout the 60s her home in Barnes became a centre for young medievalists mines. His long career came to a distressing many former refugees to pursue their resti­ froin abroad. end three years ago when he attracted the tution claims. Heidi Heimann remained better known attention of animal rights activists. Hans joined the B'nai B'rith Leo Baeck outside England than within. She gave A member of Self-Aid of German Refu­ lodge and was on its Old Age Committee for lectures as far afield as Germany, America gees the deceased, whom The Times called a many years. At the time of his death, he and his and Israel for years after her retirement. Her near-legendary figure, had the distinction of inseparable Steffi had been married for 59 academic work achieved a formidable and being appointed a Fellow of the Royal years. They had one dauther, Marianne, lasting reputation. D Societ)- as early as 1947. Apart from his married to Peter Summerfield, himself an many discoveries he leaves behind the AJR meinber of long standing. Feldberg Foundation which provides Hans Granby was very much a family Peter Wallfisch exchange lectureships in medical research man and proud to have two granddaughters between the UK and Germany. He is and a great-grandson. He commanded The Breslau-born pianist Peter Wallfisch survived by a daughter from his first universal respect for his integrity and was has died aged 69. Having first found refuge marriage. D particularly popular for his sense of humour in Palestine, he then went to Paris before and witty story telling. D settling in the UK in 1952 and marrying Anita Lasker. His concert career encom­ Dr Hans Granby passed the Americas, the Middle and Far The life of AJR member Hans Granby, who Henriette Hardenberg East and, predominantly, Europe. died on 8 November, 1993, aged 89, Wallfisch's concerto performances were personified the fate of so many who took Berlin-born Henriette Hardenberg, who characterised by an impulsive and vital refuge in this countr\' from Nazi persecu­ died aged 99, was the last surviving poet of imagination, but it was in his recital pro­ tion. After qualifying and practising as a the German Expressionist movement. Born grammes and broadcasts that his individu­ Rechtsanivalt in Germany, he found himself into a cultured middle class family, she ality shone through. In the field of English unable to pursue his legal career in England found her vocation early, having some music he pioneered the Frank Bridge re­ and became a businessman before returning poems published in Plempfert's Die Aktion vival. He was also a renowned teacher and to his original vocation by practising as a before the Great War. In 1916 she married Professor of Piano at the Royal College of restitution lawyer. rhe fellow-Expressionist Alfred Wolfen­ Music from 1971. Hans Grabowski was born in Breslau in stein, and two years later her volume In later years collaboration with his son 1904, the elder of two brothers. After his Neigungen appeared. She and her husband Raphael gave Peter Wallfisch great pleasure. father died, when he was only 10 years old, belonged to the Cafe des Westens literary Raphael is one of Britain's foremost cellists his two uncles played an important role in coterie, alongside Else Lasker-Schuler, and their rapport sprang as much from their his education. Like his mother, they were Claire GoU and Ernst Toller; Rainer Maria mutual respect for each other's artistic members of the Neustadt family which took Rilke was a special friend. ability as from family ties. a leading part in Breslau Jewish affairs and In the mid-Twenties her marriage broke Readers may remember that in 1990 owned the well-known company Kantoro- up. In 1937 she came to England where she father and son performed the AJR and Self vitch, which manufactured starch and married her childhood friend Kurt Fran­ Aid Annual Charity Concert at the Queen adhesives. kenschwerth, an inventor, architect and Elizabeth Hall on the South Bank. Soon At school, Hans specialised in Greek and writer. Hereafter, though still writing afterwards Peter Walfisch suffered a stroke Latin before attending Breslau University, poetry, she lapsed into obscurity. Over half which ended his public playing career; even where he studied Law and History and took a century later Die Arche Verlag published so he continued to practise at home and a doctorate in Roman and German law. Dichtungen, a distillation of a lifetime's made considerable progress. He will be After a short period in private practice, output. This triggered a belated renewal of remembered by many people as a dedicated Hans was forced to change course because interest in her work. D musician and devoted teacher. D

15 AJR INFORMATION JANUARY 1994

descends on the city is a tangible thing. We Our next stop was at nearby chalk caves. Israel revisited - 1993 walked to a small park overlooking the Old The chalk was excavated from the surface City for our Erev Shabbat service, which by the Turks to be used as building material riday morning we make an early start was held facing towards where the Temple for their houses. As the 'mine' got deeper, so on a walking tour of Jerusalem. The had once stood, on Mount Moriah. it was widened. This produced the bell FOld City is just as I remember it but Another unforgettable memory. shaped caves one can see today. During the there seem to be fewer people about. We are A large table outside the dining room mining, some of the caves were joined up given detailed information as to the various provides candles for guests to bensch licht. and, eventually, there being nothing to disputes between the different churches on And the freedom, in the hotel dining room support it, the 'roof fell in, opening the the site ofthe Church ofthe Holy Sepulchre. among many other guests, for our group to caves to the sky. In these open spaces, one We are taken up on to the roof of part of this chant the blessings over wine and food and, finds fig trees, Sabras and the bush that church to be shown the Coptic monastery. after the meal, to say our Grace after Meals produces the caper, in bloom and bearing Back inside the church, behind the ornately without it being thought at all 'odd'! fruit. We are told that, strangely, only one decorated 'sepulchre' we are shown the Shabbat morning saw some of us attend­ caper per day ever ripens! huge pillars that support this building and ing the American Reform Synagogue, which our attention is drawn to the fact that they has the services of a female chazan with an Yad Vashem are not identical; half of the pillars are excellent voice. We were made most In the afternoon I decided to revisit Yad 'stepped' at the base, the others are welcome and were offered aliyot. We Vashem. Much had been added since my 'stepped' at the top which would appear to attended the Kiddush after the service. last visit; more is still being added and work is in progress. The Hall of the Children is a indicate that they are halves of pillars and, it In the evening we attended part of the unique conception, being entirely in the is thought, that these marble pillars were Israel International Festival; on this dark and constructed of any number of once the support of the great Temple. If this occasion held at the YMCA theatre in King mirrors; a small number of candles are is the case, that edifice must have been huge. David Street, which took the form of Israeli alight; the flames of these are reflected, re- At noon we held a short service overlook­ dancing display and folk songs by the ing the Kotel before going down to visit it. reflected and re-re-reflected innumerable Tzabarim Folklore Ensemble. A very times so that the impression is of thousands pleasant interlude, enjoyed by all the of candles burning in the blackness while a audience. roll-call of the names of all the children who Herodlan houses Sunday morning we drove across the perished is read out in alphabetical order. I, Next, we explored the excavations under valley (in the Bible called ephes-dammim) and the small group of people I was with, the present-day Old City. It is interesting to and the bus stopped half way to enable us to found this excruciatingly sad and very note that Christian pilgrims have always get a good view of the lie of the land, with moving; however, a group of Israeli chil­ been told that the Via Dolorosa is the road hills ranged on either side. Our guide told us dren, under the leadership of a girl-soldier, walked by Jesus. In actual fact, it is much that this was the place where David fought immediately behind us appeared to find it a more likely that the stones of the Cado - the Goliath. One could well imagine the Philis­ source of hilarity, giggles followed us round main steet - are the ones he trod. This tine forces ranged on one side and Saul's the entire experience. I found this totally thoroughfare through the Roman City is army on the other, neither venturing into unacceptable behaviour and made my feel­ now partly under the Arab Quarter and the flat valley below them. It also became ings quire clear when, at last, we emerged partly under the Jewish Quarter, where one clear that both arinies would have a grand­ into the open. D Edith Holden can also visit the Herodian city houses; the stand view of the proceedings in the valley To be continued building style is almost identical to the between Goliath and David. This valley present, flat roofed style. The walls are very now is verdant; ploughed and producing thick and made of Jerusalem stone. The generous crops. One doubts it was thus in Simon P. Rhodes M.Ch.S. floors are decorated with mosaic 'carpet'; the days of David. A tractor was beetling STATE REGISTERED CHIROPODIST the furniture, all made of stone, closely across the landscape in the far distance, resembles Louis XIV in part and, in part, otherwise the scene was entirely peaceful. Surgery hours: more modern furniture. Each house had We read the appropriate passage from the 8.30 a.m.-6 p.m. Tuesday-Friday several Mikvaot as well as water cisterns. Bible - 1 Samuel, Ch. 17, verses 1-54. It 8.30 a.m.-3 p.m. Saturday Such cooking utensils as were found — was an eerie feeling to be in the, possibly, Visiting chiropody service available mostly broken — were pottery. exact spot where it all took place. As the bus 67 Kilburn High Road, NW6 (opp. M&S) restarted to continue our journey, there was Erev Shabbat in Jerusalem is quite an Telephone 071-624 1576 experience at any time — the hush that only muted noise from its passengers.

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