Scandinavian American Traces of War Obliterated in Finland, Report

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Scandinavian American Traces of War Obliterated in Finland, Report 2 WAN AMERICAN Scandinavian American Traces Of War Obliterated In Finland, Report Serving the Scandinavian-American Population of the 67:4: Nortbwcu The traces of war are now Oh- ture yield more today than before of Finland's need of grain. sugar, literated and new period of re- the war. Despite strong inflation artificial fertilizers, cattle PUBLISHED TWICE A Mom AT 2228 AVENUE a‘ fodder, construction begins, Urho Kek- since the end of the war, great are liquid fuel. and these imports Scuttle FIPST 1, Washington konen. Finnish Prime Minister, progress has been made toward are paid for with goods and pro- subscription Rste,_..__-8200 Per Year said in an address at a meeting of economic stabilization during the ducts which. in great part. cannot the Swedish section of the Scans last few years. “We are rather be placed elsewhere. Finland's co- K. EINAR CARLSON, Publisher dinavian Norden Association in 'satisfied with the development," operation with the Soviet Union‘, Stockholm. Four-fifths of the more the Premier added,, “and consid- hOWever, does not prevent a con- EDITORIAL STAFF than 500,000 Karelians who were ering the many risks of failure. tinued understanding with l‘HORSTEN NYMAN, her Editor rendered homeless by the p e a c e ' 'we are a bit proud of what has northern brother countries, nor Harry F. Fabbe Andrew Bjerkeseth treaty with Soviet Russia in 1944 been accomplished." -does it affect her lively business have found homes within new Fins Lively Relations With relationswith the old friends in A publication dedicated to the ittterettt the Norwegian, Swedish. land‘s present boundaries, the West, Mr. of Mr. Western Friends Kekkonen empha- Dunn/J, Fimzitl: and Icelandic population 0,‘ the Great Non/awe”. Kekkonen continued. Of the war sized. indemnity deliveries, only four per New housing and an increase in We congratulate m‘ost cent remains to be executed. Or- industrial investments are tw 0 Finland heartily her accomplishments iginally the war indemnities called problems that will be tackled next. on The and wish her success during Tunisian for deliveries valued at $300 mil- Mr. Kekkonen went on. More wat- the Question er new period of lion. according to the 1938 rate of power is needed. An important reconstruction, Finn Moe, foreign editor of “Arbeiderbladet,” main organ project Stockholm-?dnlngen writes exchange. which ef- is the industrialization of edi- were to be torially. It is a feat of of the Norwegian Labor Party, takes a grave view of the fected within six years. but this northernmost Finland. which is strength low in living for Finland to have been to made was successively reduced to $226 standards but rich able decision by the UnitedNations’ Security Council not in natural meet her war iindemnity millions, spread over a period of resources. Touching obliga- to the tions. Finland's peaceful postwar include Tunisian problem on its agenda. In a comment, eight years. In volume, Finland’s upon Finland’s foreign trade, the Mr, Moe observed: ‘ industrial production has expanded Pre‘r‘nier said that her trade with achievements are as remarkable by three-fourths since 1938. and the Soviet Union plays a very sig- and impressivé’as her and “It is obvious that the trustful relations between the efforts both the export trade and agricul- nificant part. Russia fills the bulk resistance during the war periods. Western world and the peoples of Africa and Asia have been subjected to heavy strains. Indeed. the crisis in their rela- tionship. which was feared if the Tunisian question were not Motoring Through Norway A Delightful Adventure solved satisfactorily. is already here. Should this crisis be Eveiy summer since the war. More adventurous souls may Prospective tourists might note allowed to deepen. it may lead to serious consequences.” a steadily increasing number of want to try the new road running that this comng August the Royal motorists "This is not the time to discuss who is responsible for the have been vacationing in through North Norway. Winding Norwegian Automobile Club will Norway. Of the total 535,000 for- up at Kirkenes on the Soviet fron- arrange Viking, an incredible Rally interna- political blunder committed by the Security Coun- eigners who visited Norway in the tier. this highway reveals the ec- tional auto race that starts from cil. The question is rather what the Western powers intend recent years. more than 300,000 static color contrasts of the Arc- the Arctic Circle and towns along came by car or brought their car tic summer flora at their best ad- the coast. winding up in Oslo. Ex- to do to restore confidence in their democratic convictions—- along. including many from the vanage. Here, t00_ the motorist is pected to attract the cream of Eu- a confidence which is of much greater importance than a United States. likely to meet the reindeer-herd- ropean auto racers. the event dozen of the divisions being built up by NATO," concluded Magnificent Scenery ing Lapps. should be of interest to American the influential Labor editor. Motoring in Norway is the doc- Modern ferries carry automo- motorists, too. tor‘s prescription for jangled biles across fjords at reasonable Taking a car to Norway involves nerves. because it is relaxing rath- rates. few formalities. Red tape has er than nerve-wrecking. The pace Lots of Gas Stations been cut to a minimum, and rates Foreigners is leisurely. The scenery is mag- visiting Norway may for transport across the Atlantic Looking Ahead in Social freely drive anywhere Security nificent, changing from the pastor- their car are reasonable. Information on On the first day of 1951, about 60 million workers were al loveliness of the eastern and they please for a period of up to these and other matters, as well southern regions to the savage one year. Gasoline is not rationed to retire after reaching age 65. By continuing to work as as detailed road maps and the in- beauty of the West and North. and there are service stations all formative booklet “Motoring in long Norway. as they are able. they build up higher benefits. Younger The summer season for motor- over even high up in the Norway.” are available from all ing in Norway extends from early mountains. It’s wise, though, to workers and those covered for the first time by the 1950 AAA offices foreign May until late September. keep the tank full because dealing with amendments are Due to fairly beginning to build credits towards per- the Gulf Stream. which sweeps its of the great- distances between travel. or from the Norwegan Na- manent insured status; but in the meantime, if they are work- warm waters to Norway's shores, communities in some parts of the tional Travel Office. 290 Madison ing steadily. their families and dependents will usually be the climate is unusually mild and country. Ave., New York 17. N. Y. healthy, long spells dry protected for survivors and death with of benefits. sunny weather during the summer. As of the end of March 1951 there were nearly 4 million At this time of the year. days are Wartime persons. including retired workers and their dependents and very long, and in North Norway Daring Feat Recalled ~—the Land of the Midnight Sun~— The former Nail troop and pris- measures the the survivors of deceased workers, who were receiving reg- the sun never sets for two glorious to prevent vessel's oner transport “Donau,” sunk by departure. ularly monthly benefits, and months. from May until late in the rolls were increasing at the daring Norwegian sboteurs in July. Cool Operators rate of about 100.000 a month. The total of all monthly pay- January. 1945 en route with sev- ments was 8137.000.000, and the average monthly payment Reasonable Hotel Rates eral thousand elite reinforcements 0n orders from the Home Front. Throughout Norway there are for the last-ditch German saboteurs Max Menus and Roy for retired workers a $43. These benefits, stand on was little over of comfortable hotels and hostelries the western front. was recently Nilsen bluffed their way through along strong course. provide only the foundation of financial security, all the main roads, right to raised from the bottom of the 05- the Nazi guard protecting the pier upon which many families have been able to build additional shores of the Arctic Ocean. lofjord. The 12.300 ton vessel, the where “Donau” was Many are located high up in the Which earlier berthed. Working feverishly for 4 protection private savings and insurance, in the war had car- through industrial mountains or on the edge of moun- ried hundreds of loyal Norwegians hours in the icy water. the two pension programs. and other sources of regular income. tain lakes, near bluish-white gla- to imprisonment in Germany, was cool operators fastened 10 power- ciers. Top-notch or ful "limpet“ charges It seems hard to believe that only 15 years ago, less than mountain tour- heavily coated with seaweed and under the ist hotels. as they are called. have barnacles from seven years of sub- waterline of the ship. Miraculously. 10 percent of all workers were protected by any sort of or- bedrooms with running hot and mersion. It will be renamed “Ber- they managed to get safely back ganized pension plan. Today, 90 percent of all workers are cold water. and some have private gensiana" after undergoing exten- without arousing suspicion. bath. Imr?aculately clean sive repairs Shveral hours later the charges protected under a government program—more than 75 per- accom- and alterations. modations and excellent food are Toward the end of the war.
Recommended publications
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography GENERAL Blonde!, J. Political Leadership (1986), London and Los Angeles: Sage. Blonde!, J. 'Ministerial careers and the nature of parliamentary government: the cases of Austria and Belgium', EJPR vol. 16, (l) (1988), pp. 51-71. Blonde!, J. and F. MUller-Rommel, eds, Governing Together: Tile Extent and Limits of Joint Decision-Making in Western European Cabinets (1993), London: Macmillan. Budge, I. and H. Kernan, Parties and Democracy ( 1991 ), Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bunce, V. Do New Leaders Make a Difference? (1981), Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Cameron, D.R. 'The Expansion of the Public Economy: a comparative analysis', American Political Science Review v.12, (1978), pp. 1243-61 Castles, P.O. and R. Wilden mann, eds, Visions and Realities of Party Government (1986), Berlin: De Gruyter, European University Institute Series. Criscitiello, A. 'Majority Summits: Decision-Making inside the cabinet and out: Italy 1970-1990', West European Politics, (1993), vol. 16, 581-94. Dt>ring, H. ed., Parliaments and Majority Rule in Western Europe (1995), NYC: St Martin's Press. Flora, P. and A. Heidenheimer, eds, The Development ofthe Welfare state in Europe and America (1981), New York: Transaction Books. Gallagher, M., M. Laver and P. Mair, Representative Government in Western Europe (1992), New York: McGraw-Hill. Katz, R.S. ed., Party Govemments: European and American Expe1·iences (1987), Berlin: De Gruyter, European University Institute Series. Katz, R.S. 'Party Government: A Rationalistic Conception', in F. G. Castles and R. Wildenmann, eds, Visions and Realities of Party Government (1986), Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 42 and foil. Katz, R.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Olof Palme International Center
    About The Olof Palme International Center The Olof Palme International Center works with international development co-operation and the forming of public opinion surrounding international political and security issues. The Palme Center was established in 1992 by the Swedish Social Democratic Party, the Trade Union Confederation (LO) and the Cooperative Union (KF). Today the Palme Center has 28 member organizations within the labour movement. The centre works in the spirit of the late Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, reflected by the famous quotation: "Politics is wanting something. Social Democratic politics is wanting change." Olof Palme's conviction that common security is created by co-operation and solidarity across borders, permeates the centre's activities. The centre's board is chaired by Lena Hjelm-Wallén, former foreign minister of Sweden. Viola Furubjelke is the centre's Secretary General, and Birgitta Silén is head of development aid. There are 13 members of the board, representing member organisations. The commitment of these member organisations is the core of the centre's activities. Besides the founding organisations, they include the Workers' Educational Association, the tenants' movement, and individual trade unions. As popular movements and voluntary organisations , they are represented in all Swedish municipalities and at many workplaces. An individual cannot be a member of the Palme Center, but the member organisations together have more than three million members. In Sweden, the centre carries out comprehensive information and opinion-forming campaigns on issues concerning international development, security and international relations. This includes a very active schedule of seminars and publications, both printed and an e-mail newsletter.
    [Show full text]
  • (American Swedish News Exchange, New York, NY), 1920S-1990
    Allan Kastrup collection (American Swedish News Exchange, New York, N.Y), 1920s-1990 Size: 19.25 linear feet, 28 boxes Acquisition: The collection was donated to SSIRC in 1990 and 1991. Access: The collection is open for research and a limited amount to copies can be requested via mail. Processed by: Christina Johansson Control Num.: SSIRC MSS P: 308 Historical Sketch The American-Swedish News Exchange was established by the Sweden-America Foundation in Stockholm in 1921 and the agency opened its office in New York City in 1922. ASNE's main purpose was to increase and broaden the general knowledge about Sweden and to provide the American press with news on cultural, economic and political developments in Sweden. The agency also had the primary responsibility for publicity campaigns during Swedish official visits to the United States, such as the Crown Prince Gustav Adolf's visit in 1926, the New Sweden Tercentenary in 1938, and the Swedish Pioneer Centennial in 1948. Between 1926 and 1946, ASNE was under the leadership of Naboth Hedin. Hedin increased the visibility of Sweden in the American press immensely, wrote countless of articles on Sweden, and co-edited with Adolph H. Benson Swedes in America: 1638-1938. Hedin was also instrumental in assisting many American writers with advice and information about Sweden; including Marquis W. Childs in his widely read and circulated work Sweden the Middle Way, first published in 1936. Allan Kastrup assumed the leadership of ASNE in 1946. He held this position until his retirement in 1964, at which time ASNE ceased to exist and its responsibilities were assumed by the Swedish Information Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:2106.01515V1 [Cs.LG] 3 Jun 2021 Tor Representations of Entities and Relations in a KG
    Question Answering Over Temporal Knowledge Graphs Apoorv Saxena Soumen Chakrabarti Partha Talukdar Indian Institute of Science Indian Institute of Technology Google Research Bangalore Bombay India [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract time intervals as well. These temporal scopes on facts can be either automatically estimated (Taluk- Temporal Knowledge Graphs (Temporal KGs) extend regular Knowledge Graphs by provid- dar et al., 2012) or user contributed. Several such ing temporal scopes (e.g., start and end times) Temporal KGs have been proposed in the literature, on each edge in the KG. While Question An- where the focus is on KG completion (Dasgupta swering over KG (KGQA) has received some et al. 2018; Garc´ıa-Duran´ et al. 2018; Leetaru and attention from the research community, QA Schrodt 2013; Lacroix et al. 2020; Jain et al. 2020). over Temporal KGs (Temporal KGQA) is a The task of Knowledge Graph Question Answer- relatively unexplored area. Lack of broad- coverage datasets has been another factor lim- ing (KGQA) is to answer natural language ques- iting progress in this area. We address this tions using a KG as the knowledge base. This is challenge by presenting CRONQUESTIONS, in contrast to reading comprehension-based ques- the largest known Temporal KGQA dataset, tion answering, where typically the question is ac- clearly stratified into buckets of structural com- companied by a context (e.g., text passage) and plexity. CRONQUESTIONS expands the only the answer is either one of multiple choices (Ra- known previous dataset by a factor of 340×. jpurkar et al., 2016) or a piece of text from the We find that various state-of-the-art KGQA methods fall far short of the desired perfor- context (Yang et al., 2018).
    [Show full text]
  • Cabinet Reshuffles and Prime Ministerial Power
    Cabinet Reshuffles and Prime Ministerial Power Jörgen Hermansson and Kåre Vernby ***VERY PRELIMINARY “IDEAS-PAPER”*** Abstract This paper contains some ideas about how to transform a paper we wrote together in Swedish for an anthology on Swedish governments 1917-2009. There, we point out that reshuffles are problematic when used as an indicator of prime-ministerial power/dominance over the cabinet. In the future, we wish to expand our critique. In this “ideas paper”, however, we only briefly outline our critique. We will argue that there exist at least two problems inherent in using the frequency of reshuffles as an indicator of Prime-ministerial power over the cabinet. The first we call the “problem of proxying”, which arises because scholars implicitly use the frequency of reshuffles as a proxy for the political experience of the ministers surrounding the PM. Specifically, the frequency of reshuffles is thought to be inversely related to the political experience of ministers. The second problem we call the “problem of selection bias”, which arises because of the failure to properly specifying the possibility of a bi-directional causal relationship between prime-ministerial power and cabinet reshuffles. We will try to argue that these are serious problems for those who wish to use the frequency of cabinet reshuffles as a measure of prime ministerial using historical data and examples from the Swedish history with parliamentarism. 1 Introduction While the formation and collapse of cabinet governments has been a mainstay of political science for more than 50 years, the recent decade has seen a growing pre- occupation with cabinet reshuffles.
    [Show full text]
  • The Corporate Analogy and the Legitimacy of Promoting Sweden Abroad in the 1960S
    chapter 6 A Total Image Deconstructed: The Corporate Analogy and the Legitimacy of Promoting Sweden Abroad in the 1960s Nikolas Glover In the spring of 1967, an exhibited print by the well-known leftist artist Carl Johan de Geer was confiscated by the police in Stockholm. It depicted a burning Swedish flag, capped by three slogans: “Dishonour the flag,” “Betray the Fatherland,” “Dare to be non-nationalist.” The flag itself had one word sprawled across it: Kuken, slang for penis. The motif was judged to be in breach of the Swedish constitution (by defiling the flag) and de Geer was fined in court.1 The episode sets the historic scene for this chapter. In the second half of the 1960s, self-proclaimed anti-patriotic sentiments like those voiced by de Geer were gain- ing widespread popularity among artists-cum-activists and within the growing movements of the New Left.2 Meanwhile, publicly funded “Sweden-information abroad” was expanding in scope and ambition.3 This chapter focuses on the rela- tionship between these two developments, showing how practitioners in the field of Sweden-information navigated between the imperatives of efficient communication and democratic legitimacy. At the heart of this challenge lay the need to manage the diverging demands of the government’s foreign policy objec- tives, the export industry’s commercial interests, and a politically active cultural scene that was insisting that it should not have to cooperate with either. Managing Diverging Demands In many respects, representing Sweden abroad in the early 1960s was a thankful task: affluent, ambitiously reformist and technologically advanced, the country 1 “Konsten att göra uppror,” Svenska Dagbladet, 2 December 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Experts on Tax Policy in Post-War Britain and Sweden
    Acta Oeconomica, Vol. 67 (S), pp. 79–96 (2017) DOI: 10.1556/032.2017.67.S.7 THE IMPACT OF EXPERTS ON TAX POLICY IN POST-WAR BRITAIN AND SWEDEN Per F. ANDERSSON During the decades after World War II, countries began shifting taxation from income to con- sumption. This shift has been associated with an expanding welfare state and left-wing dominance. However, the pattern is far from uniform and while some left-wing governments indeed expanded consumption taxation, others did not. This paper seeks to explain why, by exploring how experts infl uenced post-war tax policy in Britain and Sweden. Experts infl uence is crucial when explaining how the left began to see consumption tax not as a threat but as an opportunity. Interestingly, the infl uence of experts such as Nicholas Kaldor in Britain was different from the impact of Swedish experts (e.g. Gösta Rehn). I make the argument that the impact of expert advice is contingent on the political risks facing governments. The low risks facing the Swedish Left made it more amenable to the advantages of broad-based sales taxes, while the high-risk environment in Britain made Labour reject these ideas. Keywords: taxation, expert infl uence, economic history, political economy JEL classifi cation indices: H20, H23, H61, N44 Per F. Andersson, Doctoral student at the Department of Political Science, Lund University, Swe- den. E-mail: [email protected] 0001-6373 © 2017 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 80 PER F. ANDERSSON 1. INTRODUCTION Parties to the Left have traditionally favoured progressive taxes on income and wealth over regressive taxes on consumption.1 However, during the decades fol- lowing World War II, this attitude changed, and countries with a strong Left be- came associated with a heavy reliance on consumption taxes (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Talk on Sweden
    NUCLEAR NON-ENTRIES: SWEDEN Houses of Parliament, 4 November 2015 Andreas Persbo, Executive Director Thank you for your kind invitation to attend this event. I have been asked to talk about Sweden's nuclear weapons programme and especially elaborate on why it may have abandoned its nuclear plans in the mid- 1960s. As you all know, Sweden remained neutral during the Second World War. The country's policy not to engage in armed warfare—and to stay out of any formal alliances—dates back to 1812. However, events throughout the 1930s shook the neutrality to the core. The Swedish Social Democratic Party, which gained control of the cabinet in 1936, and would remain in power until 1976, had to formulate a response. It decided to institute a policy known as ‘armed neutrality’. This change of direction had an immediate impact, and the country’s defence spending increased tenfold over a period of less than a decade. The emphasis on defence continued after 1945. By 1957, the Swedish Air Force was the fourth largest in the world, with more than 1,000 front-line aircraft. You can only understand Sweden's quest for a nuclear weapon against that backdrop. A strong military controlled by a neutral government facing a consistent threat from the Soviet Union. As the country’s industrial infrastructure was intact, it was in a perfect position to acquire the ultimate deterrent. This started in 1947 when the government set up a public-private joint venture known as the Atomic Energy Company to establish uranium and plutonium production. The AEC signed a cooperation agreement with the Defence Research Institute, tasked to develop military applications of nuclear energy as early as 1948.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the Reformation on the Formation of Mentality and the Moral Landscape in the Nordic Countries1 VEIKKO ANTTONEN University of Turku
    The impact of the Reformation on the formation of mentality and the moral landscape in the Nordic countries1 VEIKKO ANTTONEN University of Turku Abstract Along with the Lutheran world the Nordic countries celebrated the five hundredth anniversary of the Reformation on 31st October 2017. In this article I shall examine the impact of Luther’s reform on the formation of mentality and the moral landscape in the Nordic coun- tries. Special reference is made to the impact of Lutheranism on the indigenous Sámi culture, a topic which has been explored extensively by Håkan Rydving, the expert in Sámi language and religion. Keywords: Reformation, Martin Luther, Nordic countries, national identity, mentality, Sámi, Laestadianism The Protestant Reformation has played an extremely important role in the historical development of Europe during the last five hundred years. No other event in European history has received such widespread attention. It took place in the obscure fortress and university town of Wittenberg on 31st October 1517. A single hand-written text containing ninety-five theses against the beliefs and practices of the medieval Catholic Church opened a new era in European history. The well-known story tells us that the Augus- tinian monk and university professor Martin Luther came to his theological moment by the single act of nailing his ninety-five theses to the door of the Castle Church of Wittenberg (Roper 2016). Whether Luther used a nail to pin his theses on the door is a myth which cannot be verified. As Lyndal Roper writes in her biographical study of Martin Luther, the initial inten- tion of the Reformer was not to spark a religious revolution, but to start an academic debate (Roper 2016, 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter One: the Origins of the Great Transformation (1879-1900)
    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Constructing the People’s Home: The Political and Economic Origins and Early Development of the “Swedish Model” (1879-1976) A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Politics School of Arts and Sciences Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Josiah R. Baker Washington, DC 2011 Constructing the People’s Home: The Political and Economic Origins and Early Development of the “Swedish Model” (1879-1976) Josiah R. Baker Director: James P. O’Leary, Ph.D. When Marquis Childs published his book The Middle Way in 1936, he laid the foundation that inspired the quest for an efficient welfare state. The Folkhemmet, or “people’s home,” initiated by the Social Democrats symbolized the “Swedish Way” and resulted in a generous, redistributive welfare state system. By the early 1970s, experts marveled at Sweden’s performance because the Swedish model managed to produce the second-wealthiest economy as measured by per capita GDP with virtually no cyclical unemployment. This dissertation demonstrates that capitalist and pre-industrial cultural forces dominated Swedish economic policy development throughout the years that the Social Democrats constructed Folkhemmet. The Swedish economy operated as a variety of capitalism that infused unique traditional cultural characteristics into a “feudal capitalism.” The system was far more market-oriented, deregulated, and free from direct government ownership or control than most assumed then or now. A process of negotiation and reason, mixed with pragmatism and recognition of valuing opportunity over principles, drove Swedish modernization.
    [Show full text]
  • Jakob Gustavsson the POLITICS of FOREIGN POLICY CHANGE
    Jakob Gustavsson Lund Political Studies 105 THE POLITICS OF FOREIGN POLICY CHANGE EXPLAINING THE SWEDISH REORIENTATION ON EC MEMBERSHIP THE POLITICS OF FOREIGN POLICY CHANGE Explaining the Swedish Reorientation on EC Membership THE POLITICS OF FOREIGN POLICY CHANGE The 1990s has been characterized by profound changes in world affairs. While numerous states have chosen to redirect their foreign policy orientations, political scientists have been slow to study how such processes take place. Drawing on the limited earlier research that does exist in this field, this study presents an alternative explanatory model of foreign policy change, arguing that a new policy is adopted when changes in fundamental structural conditions coincide with strategic political agency, and a crisis of some kind. The model is applied to the Swedish government’s decision in October 1990 to restructure its relationship to the West European integra- tion process and advocate an application for EC membership. As such it constitutes the first in-depth study of what is perhaps the most important political decision in Swedish postwar history. The author provides a thorough examination of the prevailing political and economic conditions, as well as an insightful analysis of the government’s internal decision-making process, emphasizing in particular the strategic behavior of Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson. Lund University Press Chartwell-Bratt Ltd Jakob Box 141, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden Old Orchard, Bickley Road, Gustavsson Art. nr. Bromley, Kent BR1 2NE ISSN England ISBN
    [Show full text]
  • Med Folkhemmet Som Käpp Och Svärd - En Historisk Studie Av Hur Folkhemmet Används Som Politiskt Maktredskap Av Socialdemokraterna Och Sverigedemokraterna
    Lunds universitet Historiska institutionen HISK37 Seminarieledare: Helen Persson Handledare: Klas-Göran Karlsson VT 2020 ZOOM Med folkhemmet som käpp och svärd - En historisk studie av hur folkhemmet används som politiskt maktredskap av Socialdemokraterna och Sverigedemokraterna Jakob Sivhed Innehållsförteckning 1 Inledning.................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Presentation av ämnet ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Syfte och frågeställning .................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Syfte .......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Frågeställning ............................................................................................ 2 1.2.3 Fortsatt disposition av uppsatsen .............................................................. 2 1.3 Forskningsöversikt/forskningsläge ................................................................... 2 1.4 Metod och källmaterial (urval, avgränsningar och tillvägagångssätt) .............. 4 1.4.1 Metod ........................................................................................................ 4 1.4.2 Källmaterial och avgränsningar ................................................................ 5 1.5 Teoretiska perspektiv (analytisk ram) ............................................................... 7 2 Historisk bakgrund
    [Show full text]