DOCSLIB.ORG

Populism As a Common Challenge / [Edited by Claudia Crawford, Boris Makarenko, Nikolay Petrov]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Populism As a Common Challenge / [Edited by Claudia Crawford, Boris Makarenko, Nikolay Petrov] УДК 32 ББК 66.0 Concept and coordination: Claudia Crawford, Evgeniya Löhken (Konrad Adenauer Foundation), Evgeny Gontmakher, Nikolay Petrov (European Dialogue Expert Group) Review: Andrei Melville English translation: Anastasia Repko, Daniel Repko, Andrew Romeo German translation: Valery Kusavlev Populism as a Common Challenge / [edited by Claudia Crawford, Boris Makarenko, Nikolay Petrov]. – Moscow : Political encyclopedia, 2018. – 126 р. ISBN 978-5-8243-2210-1 This collection of essays is the result of work on the project “Populism in Russia and in the World” implemented in 2017 by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in cooperation with the Expert Group “European Dialogue”. The project was interna- tional and interdisciplinary, and the proposed book claims not so much to exhaus- tive coverage of the subject as to its delineation from different perspectives and the invitation of other researchers to a serious dialogue. The book is intended for students, teachers, expert and scientific community, as well as all readers interested in political parties and movements. The authors are responsible for the content of the articles. УДК 32 ББК 66.0 ISBN 978-5-8243-2210-1 © Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V., 2018 © Political encyclopedia, 2018 CONTENTS Foreword . 4 Preface . 6 Boris Makarenko, Nikolay Petrov. Introduction: Populism in Russia and in Europe . 8 Werner J. Patzelt. Populism – and How to Handle It . .16 Boris Makarenko. Populism and Political Institutions: A Comparative Perspective . 27 Andrey Ryabov. The Reasons for the Rise of Populism in Developed Countries and Its Absence in the Post-Soviet Space . .37 Andrey Medushevskiy. Populism in the West and in Russia: A Comparative Perspective of Similarities and Differences . .47 Karsten Grabow. Right-Wing and National Populism in Western Europe . 58 Alexis Berelowitch. Three Populists – Putin, Berlusconi, Sarkozy. 67 Lev Gudkov. Populism and Its Place in Russian Society: Roots, Peculiarities, Perspectives. .79 Nikolay Petrov. The Evolution of Populism in Russian Politics . 89 Alexander Kynev. Electoral Populism during Russian Elections . 101 Georgy Chizhov. Ukraine in the Embrace of Populism . 113 List of Authors . 123 FOREWORd How does one fight the growing distance between Russia and the European Union? How can we achieve mutual understanding even as our mutual mistrust grows? We believe this can be accomplished by en- couraging collaboration among those involved in the sciences, culture, the economy and society. It should occur in such a way that people are motivated to talk not about each other, but with each other, and therefore the best range of questions in this case is one that will be of interest to all parties. For the Moscow office of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, one of these dialogue partners is the European Dialogue Expert Group, which is a union of Russian scholars from different areas of academia who study processes in the European Union from different angles and maintain di- alogues with their colleagues from European Union member-countries. A year ago, they contacted us offering a joint project on the study of the phenomenon of populism. In the past several years, populists have improved their standing in all European Union countries. Debates about the reasons for populism, and how to fight it, continue. However, populism has become quite highly noticeable in the political life of Eastern European countries as well, and no less in Russia. That is why it will be of interest to discover, whether the roots and traits of populism in Eastern Europe and the European Union are similar, and whether the methods of fighting against it are universally applicable. These and many other questions were discussed by experts from vari- ous countries during three workshops that took place in Moscow and Berlin. In order to make the results of these workshops available to the public, we supported the initiative of creating this publication. We pre- sent you with a compilation of articles that reveals the phenomenon of populism from many different points of view. It is also worth mentioning beforehand that populism is not a new phe- nomenon, and it is unlikely that it will ever disappear entirely. This is the case simply because populism grows when issues remain unresolved. That is why the best way to fight populism is by resolving these issues. Foreword 5 I express my gratitude to all the authors who participated in this pub- lication, and I hope the book achieves widespread readership, and it offers new food for thought for everyone who reads it. Claudia Crawford Director of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in Russia Moscow, November 2017 PREFACE There has been an ongoing collaboration between the European Dialogue Expert Group (founded in 2016), and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation since the Group’s founding. At that exact moment, at the peak of success for European populist parties and movements, they had the idea to conduct a joint research project using comparative-geograph- ical and comparative-historical analyses of the populism phenomenon in modern politics. The Konrad Adenauer Foundation represented by the head of its Moscow office, Claudia Crawford, completely supported the concept. So, in December 2016, a high-level expert discussion was held for the project, gathering together key team members from the Russian side. Led by Professor of the Higher School of Economics, Nikolay Petrov, it included researchers such as Lev Gudkov (The Levada-Center), Boris Makarenko and Georgy Chizhov (Center for Political Technologies), Alexander Kynev and Andrey Medushevskiy (the Higher School of Economics), and Andrey Ryabov (Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences). Further discussions were held for six months in the form of workshops; in March, at the workshop in the Konrad Adenauer Foundation’s Moscow office, German participants Werner J. Patzelt and Karsten Grabow joined the discussion. In May 2017, in Berlin, the project’s final conference took place. Here, in addition to the existing Russian-German group, Alexis Berelowitch, Magali Balent (France), Eugeniusz Smolar, Piotr Buras (Poland), Maxim Trudolyubov (Russia), Sabine Fischer (Germany) and a number of other specialists participated as well. This publication, which would not have been possible without the support of the Moscow office of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and its head, Claudia Crawford, presents the findings of this project. The European Dialogue Expert Group aims to organize joint Russian- European discussions and research about the most critical issues cur- rently facing Europe as a whole, as well as those pertaining to its socio- political, economic and social spheres, of which Russia is certainly a part. The Konrad Adenauer Foundation is one of European Dialogue’s most Preface 7 important partners, and we hope this relationship will lead to new pro- jects in 2018 and beyond. Evgeny Gontmakher, Professor, Doctor of Economics Member of the Coordination Council, European Dialogue Expert Group Boris Makarenko, Nikolay Petrov iNTROduCTiON: POPuLiSM iN RuSSiA ANd iN EuROPE This monographic collection of works offered for the reader’s perusal is a first attempt by a multinational and multidisciplinary team at discuss- ing a vital and extremely complex issue. In a way, it resembles the parable of the blind men and the elephant, the only difference being that, in our case, the men are not blind; their eyesight is simply focused on separate parts of the elephant. It would seem that everyone knows what populism is, but it turns out that it is not so simple to give it a clear definition, whether it be in the political, or scientific sense. Is a populist a demagogue? Indeed, the Greek word “δημαγωγία” (demagogía) means only “leading the people”, which is the profession of any political leader for whom the skill of convincing with words, making people follow, and believe in him or her and his or her actions, is a natural and necessary professional skill. Is populism the same thing as making unrealistic promises to people? Very few politicians, due to various reasons, manage to fully deliver what they promise before elections, and it is not easy to measure the coefficient of fulfilled promises. Is populism a way to make yourself look as if you are “close to the people”? It is a method certainly well-used by very dif- ferent politicians in many different contexts. The Whig leader William Gladstone loved posing in front of a camera with a lumberjack’s axe in his hands, showing that he understands the meaning of hard physical labor. Populism, as shown in the examples offered by this collection’s au- thors, can be “left-wing” or “right-wing”, can merge with both nationalism and xenophobia, and can be found both in stable democracies and in non- democratic regimes. It can be used by both incumbent politicians and by the opposition, by both the “rich” and the “poor”. Is there a “common de- nominator” for this phenomenon? If we single out the primary arguments from all the authors in this collection of works, then, perhaps, one can say that they have all uncovered some common features of this “elephant”. The first and the most important element of populism is anti-elitism: the opposition, often Manichaean, of “the people”, “the masses” versus Introduction: Populism in Russia and in Europe 9 “the elites”. Populism appears in the form of a denunciator, a defender, and savior of the commoner from the evil elite, whether political or finan- cial, local or global. The second, deriving directly from the first, is the plebiscitic tenden- cies shown by populist politicians. They appeal directly to the whole of society, bypassing parties and institutions, with the aim of concluding a virtual social contract. Accordingly, there exists a risk that institutions (in a democratic society) will end up on the sidelines of politics or will become the opposition to the plebiscitic populist leader, and in less demo- cratic regimes they will not receive proper development or will be lim- ited in power.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lost for Words Maria Mikulcova
    Lost for Words Effects of Soviet Language Policies on the Self-Identification of Buryats in Post-Soviet Buryatia Maria Mikulcova A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of MA Russian and Eurasian Studies Leiden University June 2017 Supervisor: Dr. E.L. Stapert i Abstract Throughout the Soviet rule Buryats have been subjected to interventionist legislation that affected not only their daily lives but also the internal cohesion of the Buryat group as a collective itself. As a result of these measures many Buryats today claim that they feel a certain degree of disconnection with their own ethnic self-perception. This ethnic estrangement appears to be partially caused by many people’s inability to speak and understand the Buryat language, thus obstructing their connection to ancient traditions, knowledge and history. This work will investigate the extent to which Soviet linguistic policies have contributed to the disconnection of Buryats with their own language and offer possible effects of ethnic language loss on the self-perception of modern day Buryats. ii iii Declaration I, Maria Mikulcova, declare that this MA thesis titled, ‘Lost for Words - Effects of Soviet Language Policies on the Self-Identification of Buryats in Post-Soviet Buryatia’ and the work presented in it are entirely my own. I confirm that: . This work was done wholly while in candidature for a degree at this University. Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed. Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work.
    [Show full text]
  • The North Caucasus: the Challenges of Integration (III), Governance, Elections, Rule of Law
    The North Caucasus: The Challenges of Integration (III), Governance, Elections, Rule of Law Europe Report N°226 | 6 September 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Russia between Decentralisation and the “Vertical of Power” ....................................... 3 A. Federative Relations Today ....................................................................................... 4 B. Local Government ...................................................................................................... 6 C. Funding and budgets ................................................................................................. 6 III. Elections ........................................................................................................................... 9 A. State Duma Elections 2011 ........................................................................................ 9 B. Presidential Elections 2012 ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tymoshenko Cancels Visit to Moscow, Demands Russian Respect For
    INSIDE:• Ruslana to perform benefit concert for CCRF — page 3. • Reflections on Yushchenko’s trip to the U.S. — page 8. • Maria Burmaka: from the “maidan” to Manhattan — page 12. Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXXIII HE KRAINIANNo. 17 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 24, 2005 EEKLY$1/$2 in Ukraine TymoshenkoT cancelsU visit to Moscow, Ukraine’s ministerW of justice demands Russian respect for Ukraine assailed over academic credentials by Zenon Zawada note sent to the Russian Federation’s by Zenon Zawada formal legal education, he also has no Kyiv Press Bureau Ministry of Foreign Affairs and made pub- Kyiv Press Bureau graduate or post-graduate college degree, lic by Vsevolod Shmatkov, an advisor- despite his insistence to the contrary to KYIV – In a demand for respect from envoy of the Russian Embassy in Ukraine. KYIV – For the last eight years, Ukrainian reporters in recent weeks. the Russian Federation, Ukrainian Prime “Due to spring field work and the neces- Roman Zvarych, today Ukraine’s minis- “I received the diploma of a master in Minister Yulia Tymoshenko abruptly can- sity of resolving tasks in order to eliminate ter of justice, has been claiming that he philosophy,” Mr. Zvarych told the popu- celed her first visit to Moscow the day complications arising at their implementa- earned a graduate degree in philosophy lar Russian-language newspaper Fakty i after Russia’s top prosecutor said crimi- tion, the Ukrainian side is forced to post- from Columbia University. Kommentarii in an interview published nal charges were still pending against her.
    [Show full text]
  • Romanov News Новости Романовых
    Romanov News Новости Романовых By Ludmila & Paul Kulikovsky №114 September 2017 Emperor Nicholas I. Watercolour by Alexander I. Klünder Monument to Emperor Nicholas I unveiled in Czech Republic September 19.TASS - A monument to Emperor Nicholas I (1825-1855) was opened in the spa town of Teplice in the north of the Czech Republic. This was announced by Consul-General of the Consulate General of the Russian Federation in Karlovy Vary (West Bohemia) Igor Melnik. "The monument to Nicholas I was erected in the very centre of Teplice next to the monuments of Peter the Great and Alexander I," he stressed. "This idea supported by local authorities, was conceived long ago, but was postponed, primarily because of the lack of necessary funds." Monuments to Russian autocrats in Teplice were created by People's Artist of Russia Vladimir Surovtsev. The patrons of the project are the organization of Russian compatriots in the Czech Republic "The Ark-Arch" and the General Consulate of the Russian Federation in Karlovy Vary. Sovereigns from the Romanov dynasty, actively implementing the idea of uniting the Slavs under the sceptre of mighty Russia on the international arena, have forever entered the history of Teplice. The Grand Duke and the future Emperor of Russia Nicholas I twice visited this city: in 1815 at the age of 19, and in 1818, when he turned 22. He took part in laying the foundation and then opening a monument to Russian soldiers who died for Europe's freedom in the struggle against Napoleon. The elder brother of Nicholas I, Emperor Alexander I, arrived in Teplice during the foreign campaigns of the Russian Imperial Army during the Napoleonic wars in 1813.
    [Show full text]
  • THE POLITICAL SYSTEM – CHANGES DURING the ELECTION CAMPAIGNS the Search for a New Political Model
    Part 1. THE POLITICAL SYSTEM – CHANGES DURING THE ELECTION CAMPAIGNS The search for a new political model. Putin as the national leader – a change in status and a possible change in the configuration of the political system. A change in the weight of different political institutions All of 2007 was characterized by the competition between two projects that can conditionally be called “successor” and “third term”. At that, supporters and opponents of the latter scheme belonged to different groups among the elites, which added a distinctive sharpness to the situation and this manifested itself not only in an ideological but also an administrative confrontation. The search for a place for Vladimir Putin in the “post-Putin” system of checks and balances started after the 1st of October when he agreed to head the United Russia party list. Before this, in spite of many statements by the head of state himself about his unwillingness to go against the Constitution and run for president for a third term, projects that entailed changing the Constitution predominated. The main lobbyists for the “third term” project were the so called “siloviki” or the security wing of the presidential administration that were headed by deputy head of the presidential administration, Igor Sechin. In the media, the main voice on this topic was the head of the Federation Council and leader of the party Fair Russia Sergey Mironov. This politician is considered to be in the orbit of this group of elites. Nevertheless, his wavering to meet the “party line” was evident. In particular, at the end of March in 2007, he increased his activity in this direction1.
    [Show full text]
  • INTERNATIONAL ELECTION OBSERVATION MISSION Russian Federation – Presidential Election, 18 March 2018
    INTERNATIONAL ELECTION OBSERVATION MISSION Russian Federation – Presidential Election, 18 March 2018 STATEMENT OF PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS The 18 March presidential election took place in an overly controlled legal and political environment marked by continued pressure on critical voices, while the Central Election Commission (CEC) administered the election efficiently and openly. After intense efforts to promote turnout, citizens voted in significant numbers, yet restrictions on the fundamental freedoms of assembly, association and expression, as well as on candidate registration, have limited the space for political engagement and resulted in a lack of genuine competition. While candidates could generally campaign freely, the extensive and uncritical coverage of the incumbent as president in most media resulted in an uneven playing field. Overall, election day was conducted in an orderly manner despite shortcomings related to vote secrecy and transparency of counting. Eight candidates, one woman and seven men, stood in this election, including the incumbent president, as self-nominated, and others fielded by political parties. Positively, recent amendments significantly reduced the number of supporting signatures required for candidate registration. Seventeen prospective candidates were rejected by the CEC, and six of them challenged the CEC decisions unsuccessfully in the Supreme Court. Remaining legal restrictions on candidates rights are contrary to OSCE commitments and other international standards, and limit the inclusiveness of the candidate registration process. Most candidates publicly expressed their certainty that the incumbent president would prevail in the election. With many of the candidates themselves stating that they did not expect to win, the election lacked genuine competition. Thus, efforts to increase the turnout predominated over the campaign of the contestants.
    [Show full text]
  • DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized
    SOCIAL PROTECTION & JOBS DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized No. 1931 | MAY 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Can Local Participatory Programs Enhance Public Confidence: Insights from the Local Initiatives Support Program in Russia Public Disclosure Authorized Ivan Shulga, Lev Shilov, Anna Sukhova, and Peter Pojarski Public Disclosure Authorized © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: +1 (202) 473 1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington,
    [Show full text]
  • HANDBOOK for Foreign (International) Observers During the Election of the President of the Russian Federation
    Election of the President of the Russian Federation HANDBOOK for Foreign (International) Observers during the election of the President of the Russian Federation Published by the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation Moscow 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS Decision of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation № 528-SF of 15 December 2017 “on Scheduling the Election of the President of the Russian Federation” ........................................5 Extract from the Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE (OSCE) dated 29 June, 1990 ...........................................................................................................6 Extract from the Convention on the Standards of Democratic Elections, Electoral Rights and Freedoms in the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States: Article 7, paragraph 5 and article 15 paragraphs 1 and 2. ...........................................................7 Major Amendments and Additions to the Electoral Legislation Made in 2016-2017 .......................................................................................8 System of electoral authorities responsible for preparation and conduct of the Election of the President of the Russian Federation ..........11 Transparency of the activities of election commissions (extract from Article 23 of Federal Law on the Election of the President of the Russian Federation of 10 January 2003 №19-FZ) .........................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Russia Country Report BTI 2016
    BTI 2016 | Russia Country Report Status Index 1-10 5.06 # 81 of 129 Political Transformation 1-10 4.40 # 83 of 129 Economic Transformation 1-10 5.71 # 65 of 129 Management Index 1-10 3.17 # 114 of 129 scale score rank trend This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2016. It covers the period from 1 February 2013 to 31 January 2015. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 — Russia Country Report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2016. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. BTI 2016 | Russia 2 Key Indicators Population M 143.8 HDI 0.778 GDP p.c., PPP $ 25635.9 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 0.2 HDI rank of 187 57 Gini Index 41.6 Life expectancy years 71.1 UN Education Index 0.780 Poverty3 % 0.5 Urban population % 73.9 Gender inequality2 0.314 Aid per capita $ - Sources (as of October 2015): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2015 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2014. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.10 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary At the time of writing, Vladimir Putin has been in power for more than fifteen years. Putin served an initial two terms as president from 2000 to 2008, followed by one term as prime minister between 2008 and 2012, before beginning a third term as president in 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    110765-RU DOCUMENT OF THE WORLD BANK GROUP Public Disclosure Authorized FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized RUSSIAN FEDERATION SYSTEMATIC COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC: PATHWAYS TO INCLUSIVE GROWTH DECEMBER 16, 2016 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGION Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. i CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Exchange Rate Effective December 6, 2016 Currency Unit – Ruble US$ 1 = Ruble 63.9242 FISCAL YEAR [January 1 – December 31] ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ALMP Active labor market programs GCI Global Competitiveness Index ANS Adjusted net savings GDP Gross domestic product ASI Agency for Strategic Initiatives GOST State standard (gosudarstvennyy standart in Russian) AVTODOR Russian Highways State Company GNRI Global Networked Readiness Index B40 Bottom 40 percent of the income GMM Generalized Method of Moments distribution statistical methodology BEEPS Business Environment and GRECO Group of States against Corruption Enterprise Performance Survey BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, and GVC Global value chains South Africa (emerging economies) CBR Central Bank of Russia HBS Household Budget Survey CIT Corporate income tax ICT Information and communications technology ECD Early childhood development IEA International Education Association DAI Digital Adoption Index IFC International Finance Corporation DIA Deposit Insurance
    [Show full text]
  • Romanov News Новости Романовых
    Romanov News Новости Романовых By Paul Kulikovsky №89 August 2015 A procession in memory of Tsarevich Alexei was made for the twelfth time A two-day procession in honor of the birth of the last heir to the Russian throne - St. Tsarevich Alexei, was made for the twelfth time on August 11-12 from Tsarskoye Selo to Peterhof. The tradition of the procession was born in 2004 - says the coordinator of the procession Vladimir Znahur - The icon painter Igor Kalugin gave the church an icon of St. Tsarevich. We decided that this icon should visit the Lower dacha, where the Tsarevich was born. We learned that in "Peterhof" in 1994 was a festival dedicated to the last heir to the imperial throne. We decided to go in procession from the place where they lived in the winter - from Tsarskoye Selo. Procession begins with Divine Liturgy at the Tsar's Feodorovsky Cathedral and then prayer at the beginning of the procession. The cross procession makes stops at churches and other significant sites. We called the route of our procession "From Sadness to Joy." They lived in the Alexander Palace in Tsarskoye Selo, loved it, there was born the Grand Duchess Olga. But this palace became a prison for the last of the Romanovs, where they then went on their way of the cross. It was in this palace the Tsarevich celebrated his last birthday", - says Vladimir. The next morning, after the Liturgy, we go to the birthplace of the Tsarevich - "Peterhof". Part of the procession was led by the clergy of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Peterhof, Archpriest Mikhail Teryushov and Vladimir Chornobay.
    [Show full text]
  • Под Стражей Загадка Мергеля Eng Mystery of Chalky Clay 9
    КОРРУПЦИЯ Eng Тhe 1st newspaper in the South of Russia with English translations Eng Krasnodar people Больше всего краснодарцы жалуются на complain on bribery in medical institutions взяточничество в медицинских учреждениях most of all 3 16 - 22 АПРЕЛЯ 2014 | № 14 (55) ОБЩЕСТВЕННО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ГАЗЕТА ВРЕМЯ ЧИТАТЬ НОВУЮ ПРЕССУ! Вице-губернатор Иван Перонко призвал кубанские курорты встряхнуться 2 Eng Vice Governor Ivan Peronko urged Kuban resorts to rouse themselves 2 Банкиры под стражей Загадка мергеля Eng Mystery of chalky clay 9 Жилье без риска и проблем Eng Housing without risk and trouble 22 Темнота - друг автовора Eng Eng Darkness helps car thieves Bankers in custody 21 25 Аскер Нехай: «Сохранять мир – идеология, воспитанная в Адыгее и Краснодарском крае» Eng Asker Nekhay: "Retaining peace is an ideology instilled in Adygea and the Krasnodar region" 6 2 СОБЫТИЯ: РЕГИОН Среда, 16 апреля 2014 Юг Times 13 700 000 000 рублей составило исполнение бюджета Красно- дара по собственным доходам в 2013 году. Бюджетникам добавят +3 000 000 000 Одним из ключевых направлений в 2014 году в рамках исполнения регионом своих социальных гарантий станет повышение рублей составила прибавка по заработных плат работникам социальной сферы: учителям, педагогам дошкольных учреждений, врачам, работникам культуры. + собранным доходам относи- тельно 2012 года. Eng A rise of 15 процентов в общем валовом доходе составил salary for вклад кубанских фермеров в развитие АПК региона в 2013 budget workers году. Within the frameworks of the re- gion's fulfillment of its social pro- tection the increase of wages to процента - так +1,5 social workers will be one of the подорожала продуктовая key areas in 2014.
    [Show full text]