2368 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. FEBRUAR~ 25, will undoubtedly be in the course of time, probably next year· strike out " one thousand eight hundred" and insert " two thou but the House in dealing with this subject undertook to keep th~ sand," being an increase of salary of that officer in the document salaries of th-e force in Washington down, and we have attempted room to $2,000; and in line 21, after the word " thousand," I move to do the same thing, feeling that we ought to check up a little to strike out the word" four" and insert "eight;" so that it ~:hall 1 in reference to increases in salaries. We have added a good many r_ead ''eight hundred,'' and to strike:out the words'' andforty, ' in clerks in the Eervice, where the testimony seemed to. show that lme 22. they wera absolutely required, but we have made no increases in Mr. CULLOM. I make the point of order on the amendment of salaries. This item for his promotion really got into the bill, I the Senator irom Michigan. may say honestly, without my observation as to when it was The PRESIDENT pro tempore. What is the point of order done or how it w~s done. which the Senator from Illinois makes? When it was dope I found that almost every clerk around here Mr. CULLOM. That it is an increase. Ea:d, ·• That is not fair unless you promote tts." They are gcod Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. Without a.n estimate. young men, and some of them are advanced in years. It seemed Mr. CULLOM. Without any estimate for it or anything else. to me that the only fair thing for the committee to do was to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair sustains the point treat them all alike this year and refuse to increase their pay. I of order. would have been very glad to do this, and I hope my good friend Mr. BURROWS. Was the other amendment which we have the Senator from Minnesota will appreciate the fact that the just passed on estimated for? young ma.n comes out of the catalogue of messengers and takes Mr. CULLOM. I do not know whether it was or not, but I did his position as a $1,440 clerk, and undoubtedly he and others will not make the point of order on the amendment.· be taken care of later on. I hope the Sen::~.tor will withdraw h is Mr. BURROWS. The point of order was not made on it? motion and allow us to pass the bill. Mr. NELSON. And it was reported from the Committee on Mr. NELSON. I can not withdraw it. It is a matter of very Appropriations. great injustice. The Secretary of the Senate, realizing the faith The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no further amend ful work and the extra work this clerk has done, went before the ment, the bill will be reported to the Senate as amended. committee and asked for this increase. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend :Mr. CULLOM. Certainly he did. ments were concurred in. Mr. NELSON. It was not at my request. The amendments were ordered to be engrossed and the bill to Mr. CULLOM. There is no doubt of that. be read a third time. Mr. NELSON. I want to do the Secretary of the Senate jus The bill was read the third time, and passed. tice by saying that being informed of the extra and unusual BUILDING FOR THE DEP.A.RTME~T OF STATE, ETC. amount of work, under circumstances that the Secretary could not help, which the young man was obliged to do, he felt that :M:r. FAIRBANKS. I wish to give notice that after the com this clerk was entitled to this little increase. It is only $160 pletion of the routine business to-morrow I will move that the a year. Now, to merely change the name from '' messenger '' to Senate proceed to the consideration of the bill (S. 1508) to provide ''clerk'' is no promotion. for the purchase of a site and the erection thereon of a public - Mr. CULLOM. The young man gets into a different class, and building to be used for a Department of State, a Department of I know he will be very glad to have that much done for him, Justice, and a Department of Commerce and Labor. though he does not get the additional pay. If he was getting the Mr. PENROSE. I move that the Senate adjourn. ordinary pay of a messenger, of course in raising him to a clerk The motion was agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock and 45 minutes ship we would have been compelled to have given him an in p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Friday, February crease. in q.ccordance with the ordinary pay of a clerk. 26, 1904, at 12 o'clock meridian. · 1\fr. NELSON. Here are the facts. I call the attention of the Senator from illinois to the fact that he has not been doirig the work of a messenger. HO:USE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. CULLOM. I know. Mr. NELSON. He has been doing the work of a clerk. THURSDAY, F ebruary 25, 1904. Mr. CULLOM. That is true. The House met at 12 o'clock m. 1\fr. NELSON. A good deal of the time, on account of the sick Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. HENRY N. CoUDEN, D. D. ness and disability of other clerks, he has had the work of three The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. desks to do, and he has worked after the sessions have been over~ NA. V .A.L APPROPRIATION BILL. late in the evenings, and to my knowledge has had to work sev eral Sundays. _ M1~ FOS~ . Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve itself 1\fr. CULLOM. A good many work nights and Sundays. mto vomnnttee of the Whole House on the state of the Union for - Mr. NELSON. I submit, as a matter of fairness, that his case the further consideration of the naval appropriation bill. is not on a. parity with the other cases to which the Senator from The motion was agreed to. The House accmdingly resolved itself itlto Committee of the illinois referred. :Mr. CULLOM. If it were absolutely so tkat he is a better Whole House on the state. of the Union, 1\Ir. OlMSTED in the chair. clerk and doing more work than any other clerk, I would feel The CHAIRMAN. The House is in Committee of the W hole that he had more claim than he has now. House on the state of the Union for the further consideration of Mr. NELSON. I do not claim that he is a better clerk, but I the bill H . .R . 12220, the naval appropriation bill, and the ques say he has done more work in proportion. tion is upon the amendment offered by the gentleman from Ohio Mr. CULLOM. Possibly so. But the clerks are good men; [:Mr. BURTON) . • they work hard; they deserve promotion and deserve additional Mr. FOSS. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Louisiana de pay; and if we take this up we must run through the whole list sires to be heard. before we can stop. I hope the Senator will withdraw his motion. .M:r. MEYER of Louisiana. Mr. Chairman, concerninoo the clause for the construction of one first-class battle ship emb~· aced Ml.·. NELSON. I can not withdraw it, because I think it is an in the pending bill making appropriations for the coming fiscal act of injustice. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to year, I wish to say at the outset that I am in favor of this pro· the motion of the Senator from Minnesota to reconsider the vote vision. Naval strategists recognize ships of the line, i. e. the by which the Senate agreed to the amendment striking out" six battle ship or the armored cruiser, as the unit of naval po~e r. hundred" and inserting "four hundred and forty." [Putting In the tonnage recently and now being built abroad the largest share is set aside for battle ships fully armed and armored. Ar the question.] By tho sound, the "ayes" seem to hav~ it. 1\fr. HALE. A division. mored cruisers come next in importance to the battle ships. Their Mr. CULLOM. Let it go, Mr. President. qualities of speed, coal endurance, and means of coaling rapidly The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The "ayes" have it. The render them especially valuable to the commander of a fleet. question is on agreeing to the amendment to the amendment. Mr. Chairman, in discussions of this bill much has been said The amendment to the amendment was rejected. about the platform of both political parties with especial reference The PRESIDENT pro tempore: The question is on agreeing to to the Navy. the amendment reported by the Committee on Appropriations. SUBJECT OF THl!l N.A.VY NOT FOR PARTISAN DISCU SSION. The amendment was agreed to. I do not think the Navy a subject for partisan discussion, It is Mr. BURROWS. Mr. President- one that ought to lift a man above the rancor of a partisan. I The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there be no further amend should be very sorry to believe that the American people are will ments, the bill will be reported to the Senate as amended. ing to have the subject of the Navy considei·ed in this way and Mr. BURROWS. I will be very brief, if the Chair will not be the occasion of providing for the public defense converted into an impatient. On page 3, line 20, after the word" room," I move to opportunity for flings at any :Member of this House of any party. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2369
Mr. Chairman, in his speech on Tuesday last the gentleman from port" consistent with his views a~ to the objectionable ?haracter Ohio [Mr. BURTON] took occasion to read from the Democratic of this bill. I have been a member of the Naval Commtttee, Mr. platform of 1900-the Kansas City platform-with a view to call Chairman. for over twelve years, ever since my service in this the Democrats of this House to what he conceived~ be their duty. House, and at no time has the minority, of whatever party, made DEMOCRATIC PLATEORM. a minority report, with but one exception. In the Fifty-sixth Con That platform contained a clause under the caption of "Mili gress there was a minority report made upon a single subject, one tarism opposed," which all Democrats, and I trust all Republicans, relating solely to armor plate. have ever approved. It represents the common sentiment of all We have never deemed it necessary to make a minority report. true Americans and those who love human liberty and free insti In that committee, Mr. Chairman, politics has but little play. tutions. But, sir, nothing contained therein applies to the argu Each member follows and votes his judgment as to what he ment against a strong, efficient navy commensurate with our needs deems for the best interest of the naval establishment and the as a great and growing power. I quote it here, that its declaration country, and differences that may arise are rarely, if ever, on po may be again impressed upon this House. --.. litical lines. Some may want a large scheme of new construction 1900 PLATFORM-MILITARISM OPPOSED. in ships. Others may contend for more moderate ones. In the We oppose militarism. It means conquest abroad and intimidation and present instance I may say, for illustration, that my friend from oppression at home. It means the strong arm which has ever been fatal po Virginia [Mr. RIXEY], as well as my friend from Georgia [Mr. our free institutions. It is what millions of our citizens have fled from m Europe. It will impose upon our peace-lovll?g people a large standing army TATE], seemed disinclined to any important addition to our ships and unneces..~ry burden of ta:x:ation, and will be a constant menace to therr at this time. liberties. A small standing army and a well-disciplined State militia are Mr. RIXEY. Battle ships. amply sufficient in time of peace. This Republic has no place for a military Mr. TATE. Not cruisers. service and conscrivtion. Mr. RIXEY. But not the small cruisers. But, sir. the gentleman might well have read to you an extract Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. :My colleague on the committee, from the Democratic platform of 1892, upon which the party went the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. WILLIAMW. KlTCHVl"]. to the country and achieved one of the most glorious victories in contended that we should have a large appropriation for torpedo its annals. It might almost seem a corollary to the other. With boats, believing them to be more effective and more economical; your permission I shall read it: whilst my friend from Missouri [Mr. VANDIVER], in his sp~ech SEC. 10. The Democratic party is the only party that has ever given the of Wednesday last, urged that the naval battles of the future will country a foreign policy consistent and vigorous, compelling respect abroad and inspiring confidence at home. While avoiding entangling alliances, it be fought below the water, and thus render sUI·face boats useless. has aimed to cultivate friendly, relations with other nations, and especially I FAVORED THE ENTIRE PROGRAMME. with our neighbors on the American continent, whose destiny IS closely linked I mention these incidents to show the difference of opinion con with ours, and we view with alarm the tendency to a policy of irritation and bluster, which is liable at any time to confront us with the alternative of stantly occurring, with no occasion, however, for a minority re humiliation or war. We favo1 · the maintenance of a navy strong enough for port, reserving the right and privilege to express our views on the all pu1poses of national defense and to properly maintain the honor and dig floor of the House, though they may diverge. Now, I would nity of the rountnJ abroad. respectfully ask the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BuRTON], were Upon that platform, Mr. Chairman, the Democratic party has he here, whether there has ever been a minority report made always stood and stands to-day. As I haye on a former occasion by the committee of which he is the distinguished chairman. In stated~ the new Navy owes its beginning almost entirely to the my service in this House I have never known of such a minority Democratic party. report. THE NEW N A. VY. IMPORTANCE OF RIVER AND HARBOR DILL. True, under the administration of Secretary of the Navy Mr. I consider the appropriations and the provisions of the river Chandler three wooden unarmored cruisers, to wit, the Chicago, and harbor bill, Mr. Chairman, as the most useful and most Boston, and the Atlanta, and one dispatch boat, the Dolphin, important of any a_ppropriation bill in this House. I have always were commenced, but under the inspiring touch of Mr. Whitney, voted for them cheerfully, because I believe they are carefully a Democratic Secretary, the natural aspiration for a navy to be considered and are needed to promote the commercial interests built on modern lines, with all the modern appliances of science, and every other interest of OUI' great country. No other bill, for seemed to find an outcome and impression that gave the profound the amount appropriated, brings so great a return in benefits to est satisfaction to every patriot, regardless of party. the people. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. I do not criticise the able chairman because his committee has Mr. BRANDEGEE. I ask unanimous consent that the gentle never offered a minority report. It is a monument to his fairness man's time may be extended ten minutes. and acumen, but I certainly think he ought to extend the same The CHAIRMAN. Unanimous consent is asked that the gen consideration to his colleagues who serve on the Naval Affairs tleman from Louisiana may continue his remarks for ten minutes. Committee. Mr. Chairman, I repeat that I approve in every re Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. spect the river and harbor bills which the gentleman has brought 1\lr. MEYER of Louisiana. At the time Secretary Whitney in this House, and yet we know also that no severer criticism has entered upon his duties, as was well stated by the President in ever been uttered in this House at times than has been devoted to December, 1886, the country did not possess a single vessel of war the great river and harbor appropriations. Then why should we that could keep the sea against a first-class vessel of any impor be criticised for not advising this House to vote against the naval tant power. appropriation bill; to vote in a way which, if adopted, would There was no establishment in the United States that could turn paralyze the entire establishment for the next fiscal year? . . out armor for modern vessels, and not one that could furnish the Mr. Chairman, I can not but wonder that the gentleman, m h1s forgings for a modern gun larger than a 6-inch caliber. . . purpose to reduce governmental expenses-a purpose which I No automobile torpedoes had ever been manufactured m this would not treat lightly, for I believe him actuated by the highest country, no modern rapid-fire guns, and not a grain of powder for motives-did not, some weeks since, apply his efforts to the a high-power gun. reduction of the ariny appropriation bill, which, if I remember Since that time both parties have united in the great work, and rightly, canied some $76,000,000. Without disparagem~nt to our none have contributed to it more efficiently than Secretaries Army, it seems to me that there was a better field for ciDiail Whitney and Herbert. ment. We can not improvise a navy, but to our present splen In my service on the Naval Committee, I, together with my did nucleus of an army we can readily bring more than an ade Democratic colleagues have ever held this object of preparing the quate number of men and arms into service for any possible Navy for national defense above party, and sought beyond party emergency. Here was an opportunity to strike a blow at militar to develop our strength to the highest degree commensurate with ism, imperialism, and greed of power! our greatness and safety. Mr. PAYNE. Will the gentleman from Louisiana permit me In fact, Mr. Chairman, the support of the Navy has been a to ask him a question? favorite measure of the Democratic party from its earliest days, Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. Certainly. and the great statesmen of our party have handed down this pol Mr. PAYNE. Do I understand the gentleman as complaining icy as a cherished one. We all can recall the victories of the war against the size of the river and harbor bill? of 1812. They were won by ships fashioned in American navy Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. Not by any means. yards, administered by Jefferson and Madison. Mr. PAYNE. I did not suppose he would, but I was afraid he Such has been our traditional policy, and the aspiration of might get into that category. [Laughter.] -Whitney was only the logical outcome of his sound Democratic Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. No, sir; I am speaking of the training. army appropriation bill. I never complained of the size of the ACTION OF :MINORITY MEMDERS OF NAV A..L CO:MMITTEE CONSIDERED. river and harbor bill. I think it has been moderate and always Mr. Chairman, the distinguished gentleman from Ohio [Mr. framed with fairness and judgment. BuRTO~] took occasion to censure the minority of the Committee Mr. PAYNE. Except the gentleman might have thought it on Naval Affairs because of omission to make a "minority re- was too moderate when it approached New Orlean.s. [Laughte1·.] XXXVIII-149 .2370 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25,
!.{r. MEYER of Louisiana. I have never thought it too large. If a general war should come we may be drawn into it, how I have always voted for it and supported it, and I take occasion to ever pacific our policies and purposes-- say now th:i.t we of New Orleans and the whole country owe the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Louisiana gentleman from Ohio gratitude for his fairness and ability. I can has expired. not even now assert that the army appropriation bill could have Mr. :MEYER of Louisiana. Mr. Chairman, I ask for five min been reduced materially in view of the policy of "world power utes more. ing" -a phrase I believe, coined by our able minority leader, Mr. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Louisiana asks that WILLIAMS-which compels us to be ever on the alert, and to be his time be extended five minutes. Is theTe objection? prepared for the contingencies thus involved. Mr. VANDIVER. Mr. Chairman, I, of course, do not want to THE BATTLE SHIP .MOST IMPORTA.l\""1'. object to the extension of time, but I want to give notice that I Mr. Chairman, to return to our battle ships, I would state that am anrions to get a vote on this pToposition, and I shall object to the board of which my friend [Mr. RIXEY] spoke yesterday at any further extension. one time mentioned that the battle ship should be last in the fur The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The ther order of construction. I do not understand that it was in Chair hears none. tended to convey the idea that this type is the least important. I "DON'T GIVE UP THE SHTI>." think Mr. Chairman, that at the present juncture the battle ship Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. I thank the Chair and the commit is of the utmost importance. It is a fighting ship, and Admiral tee. Mr. Chairman, the proposition for new construction in tw Dewey in his statement before our committee stated distinctly and bill is for one first-class battle ship, two armored cruisers three unequivocally that the battle ship is· the fighting ship, and of the scout cruisers, two submarine boats, and two colliers. Were Ito first value. Protected cruisers, which seemed to have so much follow my own judgment and desires, I would urge upon my col favor with the board of which my friend [Mr. RlxEY] spoke, he leagues, and especially upon my colleagues on this side of the regarded obsolete vessels and would be of but little use in om House, to vote for the entire scheme of construction. I believe, Navy. sir, that now is the time to build up our Navy. But, sir, yield Mr. RIXEY. Will my friend allow me to ask a question? ing to perhaps the better judgment. of many of my friends, I am The CH.A.IRMAN. Does the gentleman from Louisiana yield quite willing to advise a somewhat more moderate programme, to the gentleman from Virginia? by waiting another year for the armored cruiser. We ha.ve a lli. MEYER of Louisiana. Certainly, with pleasure. goodly number building, and no harm, I trust, will come from :Mr. RIXEY. Is it not a fact that the Secretary of the Navy the delay; but the b ttle ship, Mr. Chairman, should not be recommended the adoption of the report of the joint board which neglected. We ought to have it, and I trust that all our friends provided for three protected cruisers, one armored cruiser, and one on this side will realize the importance of their action and will battle ship, and did he not also state that their order of impor vote to sustain the provision. I ask them to give it careful, patri tance was in the order he stated? otic consideration, and in the words of Lawrence, who in Boston Mr .MEYER of Louisiana. But the Secretary of theNavy also Harbor fought his glorious fight as he fell, maintaining the honor atated that in his recommendation he followed .strictly the recom of his country," Don't give up the ship." [Loud applause.] mendation of the board to which. we have referred; that he per Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman, I have taken no part in this dis sonally did not presume to state what was best, that he relied cussion thns far because I felt that there were others who could upon the board; as my colleague will remember, subsequently Ad better do it, and for the additional reason that I hav been with miral Dewey testified before the Committee on Naval Affairs; out the details of information that I would like to have had, and with all due respect to the board of which we have spoken, because of my inability to attend but very few sessions of the and with all due respect to our distinguished Secretary l who cer Committee on Naval Affairs while engaged in the consideration tainly devotes close attention 1!_o his duties, I am inclined to rely of this bill. upon the statement of A,dmiral Dewey, who has had practical I feel, however, sir, that somuch has been saidandsomuchdef experience with fighting ships, and who has served in the Navy erence expressed as to the position upon this bill of a much more for over forty years; who has examined every type of vessel, distinguished gentleman from Maryland than myoelf that I, as a. at>.iled them fought them, and, in fact, seen them under all con member of the Committee on Naval Aff irs from that State, ditions. ought, at least, to rise here in my place and go on record as to my 1\:Ir. RIXEY. Now, will my colleague allow one further sug own views n:pon the subject-matter of the increase of our Navy, proposition, in point of cost, as recommended by the Navy De I want to give the Honse an idea of what, from the standpoint partment. of the gentleman from Virginia and those who agree with him, We have, it is true, substituted a battle ship for the three pro must be the kind of navy that this country may expect to have if tected cruisers, which we have stricken out of the bill, and for Democracy shall have its way in the building of it. the very good reason that should appeal to those of us who want Now, the gentleman from Virginia, according to the custom a navy of fighting capacity and who claim no technical, scientific and course of procedure in this House, is fah·ly entitled to the knowledge as to its construction and its needs, and that reason rank of leader of his side in regard to the pending naval bill, be was that Admiral Dewey, whose opinion we can all afford tore cause the gentleman from Louisiana [Mr. MEYER] has, for the spect, made the statement to us that protected cruisers were obso time being-on the question of battle ships, at least-joined this lete and of no practical use at this time and that the battle ships side.. I do not know how long he will stay with us. I hope he were the essential thing needed now, as constituting the fighting will remain with us until the finish upon this measure. arm of the navy of the future. Mr. RIXEY. My friend does me too much honor. I am only It seems to me that we can well afford to adopt the scientific the third on the committee on this side of the House. opinions and advice of men who have commanded and those who Mr. MUDD. That is right, but I am not prepared to accept have been associated with them in the command of our ships in the disclaimer which the modesty of the gentleman prompt-s him actual warfare upon the seas. to make. If not the ranking member of his party upon tho com It has been said that this whole proposition for the increase of mittee-the gentleman from -Louisiana and the gentleman from our Navy should be abandoned because of the asserted fact-and Georgia [Mr. TATE] preceding him in the order named-as I it is a fact-that our naval shipbuilding in the last five or six understand, he has, nevertheless, taken the leading part among years has been larger in the aggregate than that of any other those whom he has designated as a': majority of the minority" of great nation. the committee in manifesting opposition to the essential features Such, in substance, was the argument of the gentleman from of our increases in this bill, both of ships and men. Ohio [Mr. BuRTON]. The gentleman from Virginia, in his opening remarks upon this That statement, Mr. Chairman, is essentially true, but that fact bill, undertook to quote, with approval, from a speech of a dis ought to be considered alongside of the other pertinent fact, that tinguished Marylander in the other wing of the Capitol, but for when we commenced, five or six years ago, to provide this large which fact I should not feel that it were quite the proper thing, programme of shipbuilding now in progress we had done prac perhaps, to refer to it; and there was just one thing, Mr. Chair tically nothing in the npbuilding of our Navy upon the modern man, that I liked about this, and that was that I liked to see and effective basis that we have now adopted. Virginia acquiring a habit of following in the footsteps of Mary It might with just as much propriety be argued that if there land. were two neighboring cities in our country, one of which had kept My friend from Virginia spoke of this distinguished gentleman, its streets, its sewerage system, and other public works in a high the junior Senator from my State, as being a very prominent can degree of improvement, and the other had entirely neglected these didate for the Presidency of the United States, and unreservedly matters for a period of five or six years, but after that time had gave expression to his willingness to adopt the views of that dis awakened to a sense of pride and begun to make an earnest effort tinguished gentleman upon the Navy for himself, and, as far as to catch up with the other-yon might just as well say that be he was able to do so, as the position of the Democratic party in cause one of these cities, owing to these conditions, had very much regard to the Navy. more work to do in a given time in order to reach a basis of com The utterances of a prominent and in this case, it may be said, parison with its rival-had, in a recent period of years, accord a probable candidate for President of the United States are en ingly expended more money in providing pavements, sewers, and titled to great consideration in this country everywhere. other municipal improvements, therefore the other city should I assume, of course, that he is entirely sincere in the position suspend its work forthwith and entirely and make no provision which he has seen fit to adopt, and that he had adopted it-in whatever for municipal progress. the conspicuous attitude in which he stands before the public The gentleman from Ohio further argues-and this is, in fact, to-day-after mature and careful consideration and with deliber a reproduction of his comparison of the aggregate work for the ate, fixed purpose; and I want to say that if the distinction of the last few years-that the proportion of ships contracted for and nomination for President should come to him from a party, though authorized to those already constructed and finished is larger, in it may be across the line from that in which I stand as an humble relation to the Navy of this country, than in that of any other member, as a citizen of Maryland I feel that I ought to accord nation, and for that reason his contention is that we might dis to him, and to contribute my mite in having others accord to pense with any programme for the coming year. him, in all candor and fairness, and with as much of the sph·it This statement, as a matter of fact, is true, and true for a rea of altruism as I can summon to my aid in such a situation, son similar to the other one; but the argument based upon it is in giving him full credit for the economy in public expendi fallacious, because, up to the time, I repeat, when we began a few ture, particularly in reference to this subject-matter of an in years ago to provide for the complement of ships now under con crease in the Navy, for which he now stands, and to which he is tract or authorized, we had practically made no progress in this entitled. direction at all:- And yet I do not believe that this gentleman would be willing The essential fact, however, to be borne in mind~ Mr. Chairman, to rest the reputation which he now enjoys upon any special rec by all those who want to see an adequate navy for our country ord for rigid economy. lies in this, that we are to-day only the fifth in rank in the ton Now, what does this distinguished Senator and probable nomi nage of our Navy among the great nations that maintain effective nee of the Democratic party say as to what he thinks this country navies. ought to have in the way of a navy? I Indeed, sir, I rather incline to the opinion that since Japan has He says, as all others have said who have spoken upon this added largely to the number of her ships by purchase, in order to question, as my friend from Virginia has said, that he was in carry on the conflict in which she is now engaged, we have prob favor of an adequate and sufficient navy-a navy adequate and ably dropped down to only the sixth in rank. sufficient for the protection of all the interests of our countr·y Just whoever it may be who can feel a pride in this compara everywhere. tive condition of the Navy of the United States I leave to gentle That, however, is a truism upon which we all can stand. We men who are standing here in opposition to this programme of all favor an adequate and sufficient navy, but we decide upon its increase to point out for themselves. adequacy and sufficiency from our different and divergent stand If the construction of ships that we have heretofore provided points. for shall be completed in several years from now, we expect to be I quote now from the extracts that the gentleman from Virginia third in rank, only England and France surpassing us; but we has already quoted and placed in this debate from the speech of shall not reach to that rank if we stop now in our work in this the distinguished gentleman from Maryland. I read as follows: direction while the other nations that are ahead of us are going TheNa vy is getting top-heavy. There are too many men, too many sailors, on and making continuous and tremendous progress. We shall too many guns afloat. We have more than enouf:fh to protect us and guard fall behind farther even than now if Congress, upon the pretext all our interests upon every sea. upon the face of tne globe. of a spurious economy, should adopt the stand-still policy of build. Now, ".guns afloat," I take it, .no one will dispute, are guns on ing no ships at all. ships; and if there are too many guns afloat there are too many There is another feature of this debate to which I want now to ships afloat. call attention. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. From whom is the gentleman I have never taken any part in partisan discussion since I have quoting? been in Congress, and I have no disposition to enter upon it now, Mr. BARTLETT. He is quoting Senator GoRMAN'S speech in but I do want to call attention to some remarks in the speech of the Senate. the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. RIXEY], which speech has not Mr. MUDD. I am quoting, as the gentleman from Georgia yet been printed in the RECORD, but which I think I can remem [Mr. BARTLETT] has stated~ from a speech made by a distin ber substantially as delivered. guished gentleman from my State, which has already bee~ quoted 2372 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, I here, and, I repeat, I would not make any quotation from it side, instead of UBing the facts and appealing to the judgment of unless it had already been brought into this debate by one of his the members of the Republican party. And yet everyone who political friends. speaks says boldly that it is not a party question· that there is no This gentleman, however, occupies a higher sphere than that politics in it; and in truth it is not a party question. I challenge which he holds in the Senate, big, broad, and great-unreservedly, any man who speaks for the Republican party to show mo a. sen it may be said-as has been his record there. tence ox a line in the last Republican platform that you can truth- ! repeat, he is a probable Democratic candidate for the Presi- fully say requires us to adopt the specific provisions of this bill. dency. It is in that character that I comment upon his utter- The last national Republican platform did not contain any e:r ances; and I want to say that if the calamity of the election of a pression in it which would justify this as a matter of proc~ aimed Democratic President should come to us, I believe I should prefer Republican policy. On the contrary the Republican House, by to have it served up to me in the form of the Democratic Senator its conduct since the last national Republican platform was from my State than in any other shape. adopted, in tha last Congress put a. construction upon th t IJlat- If, as he s:1ys, there are already 11 too many men, too many sail- form in harmony with my statement about it. How did you ors, too many guns afloat;" if now, as he further says, we have make that the con truction? You ~sembled in Congress in De " more than enough to protect us and guard all our interests upon cember after that platform was formulated, after you had elected every sea upon the face of the globe," why, the~ we want no a. Congress upon that platform, and yetdurinoo that session did not more navy; we have too much already, and we must content our- authorize the construction of a. single war ship. selves with the occupancy of the inferior rank in which we stand If you can now appeal to your Republican platform in justifica to-day; and when the gentleman who seems to have been assigned tion for this bill, how can you excuse your conduct then in not the task of leading the minority, or, as he has phrased it, the authorizing any ships? ' majority of the minority," upon this ftoor upon this bill places No, Mr. Chairman the truth of this matter is, in my judgment, his feet upon the same ground occupied by the gentleman who so that you think-and the influence that is largely sh ping your ably leads the minority on the tloor of the other body, and who policy is the belief that now the Am.eTican people are wild npon may be called upon to lead his party, as my friend from Vrrginia this question-that now you can succeed in getting great battle hopes, to what prospect there may be of Democratic success in ships in large numbers through CongTess, and the fear that heJ.·e the election of this autumn, I want the Members of this House after you may not be able to get so many great ships when the. to consider what sort of navy we would be likely to get at the people are a little further removed from the Sp nish war. You hands of a party whose greatest leader predicates his position are going to defer the construction of the little ships-the torpedo upon the assumption and assertion of fact-hone tly made, I am boats and the submarine boats that you all know we must have, sure-that our Navy is already" top-heavy" and too large. and that good judgment requires us to have, thus ignoring an Mr. Chairman, I take the position of another gentleman from economical and effective defense-in order that you may continue Vrrginia, who spoke in different strain here yesterda,y. I think to enormously in.cre se the battle ships of the Navy. We have that if there is any criticism to be passed upon this programme of some authority for this statement. No longer than this moiTI.ing, increase it is that it is not la.rge enough. It is not as large as the a gentleman who has been in close touch with the Administra other great maritime nations of the world have provided in the tion-I refer to Admiral Bowles-has given it a.s his opinion that last authorizations of their respective legislative bodies of which that is one reason that is actuating Congress now. we have any accurate information. The CHAIRMAN. The t:irlle of the gentleman has e~ired. England and Russia are buildihg more ships to-day than we Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. I would like to ha.vQ permis- are, and German.y is building about the same number. I have sion to extend my remarks. We on this side of the proposition no particular information as to what France is doing. .have h"d very little debate. But ir, there can be no reason why an analogy should be The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman asks an extension-for how drawn for our guidance from what Russia, France, and Germany long? are doing in the way of building a navy-certainly no sort of Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Ten minutes. reason worthy of a moment's consideration in the example of The CHAIRMAN. For ten minutes. Is there objection? Gennany and France. Mr. FOSS. I would like to see if we can not limit debate on There is no force in the argument, no patriotism, in my judg- this proposition to half an h olli and come to a vote in half an ment, in the desire that we should content om·selves with a hour, and that the time be equally divided. smaller navy than those maintained by countries that are away Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. This is a very important propo below us in territory, in population. and in interests that are to sition-the mot important in the bill. I think the country, and be subserved by that arm of the military service. I think the membership of this House, would like to have a full Gentlemen need not lecture us upon our duty, with compari- debate. As long as anybody on either side of the House can throw sons as to what France and Germany are doing in respect to their any light upon the subject it seems to me that the country ought navies. to have it. We do not have these debates often. It is a nonpar- In contrast with either of these we have vastly more people, tisan question, and let us have a full debate upon it. Infinitely more territory, and marvelously more general prog- Mr. VANDIVER. I desire to suQ'gest to my friend from North ress-which progress has largely come to us, in my judgment, Carolina that another opportunity will be offered for debate on from the added prestige of our country, built up by the splendid this proposition when a motion is made, which, I understand, will achievements of our Navy in recent times. be made at the close of debate. Our Navy should grow at a pace that is commensurate with the Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. There will be no debate on growth of the inter sts that we have to protect. There should be that motion. na.halting or halfway or half-hearted policy about it. Mr. VANDIVER. I hope the request of the chairman of the If we would maintain a navy at all, we ought to maintain an committee will be granted-coming to a votQ on this proposition effective one. We ought to build up and maintain such a navy in thirty minutes. as shall not only be fifth in rank or third in rank, but shall be at The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gen all times ready and at all times able, if occasion should arise for tleman from North Carolina that his time be extended for ten it, in excellence and fighting capacity of ships and guns and men minutes? behind them, to meet and successfully coye with the naval power Mr. VANDIVER. I object to ten minutes. of any nation on the face of the globe. LAppla.use on the Repub- Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Make it five, then. lican side.] The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman asks that his time be ex- Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman,Ihavelistened tended five minutes. Is there objection? with a great deal of interest to the various speeches that have Mr. FOSS. I will ask that we close debate at half past 1 and been made on the other side upon this motion of the able and dis- come to a vote upon this que tion and that the time between now tinguished gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BuRTON] to strike out this and then be divided equally between the two sides. I ask unani battle ship. I presume many of you have discovered as I have, mons consent for that that when they have undertaken to answer the gentleman s argu- Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman- ment they have absolutely evaded the statements that he has The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state that the debate is now made. They have now and then commented upon his loya.lty to proceeding upon a pro forma amendment to strike out the last what they refer to as the Republican policy, but they have failed two words. The request of the gentleman from illinois is for to shake in the least any statement of fact or any just inference unanimous consent that all debate on the paragraph and amend· that the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BuRTON] has announced. ment be closed at half past 1. His colleague from Ohio [Mr. GROSVENOR] read a Republican Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. I hope that request will not State platform. Another gentleman on that side has questioned be put now. While I have not gone ov-er it I think the time oc his fidelity to the Republican party, because, forsooth, he thinks cupied by gentlemen against this motion has been twice as much that the necessities of this Government do not require the rapid as those in favor of it. and extravagant rate at which we are now building up the Navy. Mrr FOSS. I think it is very equ.ally divided. Bnt they have appealed to the partisanship of Members on that Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. The gentleman from Ohio 1904-. ' CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD-HO-USE. 2373 [Mr. GROSVENOR] had twenty minutes, the gentleman from Penn the fears of the country or to the economic interests of the coun sylvania [Mr. BuTLER] had his time extended, and the gentle1!!!.an try or to the wishes of the mas.c;es of the country, you fall back from Maryland [Mr. MUDD] this morning has had fifteen minutes. upon the Monroe doctrine and declare thatis in danger. I can not enume1·ate them an now; but you have had twice as But it is proclaimed that the Monroe doctrine is no stronger much time, in my opinion, as we have had. So I hope you will not than theNavy. That is not true. If the Monroe docbine is right, ins'st on your request being put. and I believe it is, it is as strong as mankind's respect for human The CHAIR~fAN. Is thereobjectiontotherequestof thegen rights-it is as strong as conscience. Before we had our pr ~nt tleman from North Carolina. to extend his remarks for iive min Navy the Momoe doctrine was strong enough, when President utes? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. Cleyeland sent his Venezuelan message to Congress., to shake Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman, may I interrupt the gentlem-an Europe in its proclamation. We should want no navy to enforce for a question? a wrong, and, if this doctrine is right, as we proclaim it to be, we Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. For information; what is it? have found by experience tha.t an immense navy is not required :U1·. MUDD. I would like to ask if Admiral Bowles, to whom for its maintenance. Some of you think that your platform de the gentleman referred, is not now disconnected from the Navy mands it. It does not. Some think the people demand it. They and the president of a shipbuildingcompanywhichhasacontract do not. for building submarines? It seems to me if you look at this question calmly and without Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Yes; I stated that he had been bias, in the light of the interest and safety of the American peo connected with the Navy. I do not know his position now. ple, in the interest of the Treasury of the American people and l\Ir. UDD. And that his company has a contract for building the great masses who have to pay the taxes, yon will not further submarines? be stampeded into the support, in time of peace, of such an im Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. I do not know. Now, Mr. mense programme. [Applause.] Chairman, why do we need such rapid increase-of the Navy? Do Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I had not intended at this time we need it? For what purpose? I understood the gentleman from to make any remarks on this subject, but later on to offer an Ma~sachnsetts yesterday quoted the President as saying, in refer amendment striking out a certain paragraph of this bill and to ence to the Navy, that when we have a great task to perform we provide for the building of ten torpedo-boat destroyers, but I am must perform it in a masterful way. What task have the Amer moved by the remarks of the gentleman on my right to say that ican people to demand this immense navy? Is it to take Santo for myself I fail to observe that the Democratic party in any man Domingo? Is it to take any of the Central American republics? Is ner or at any time has opposed the upbui1ding of the American it to take any country on the American continent? If you suspect Navy. I for one, as a Democrat, would like to have any man such purposes, we will not need a larger navy than we now have here, whether it be the gentleman from Ohio or any other, either to accomplish them. Is it to meddle in China? We had influence upon the Republican or upon the Democratic side, point out where there before the Navy was as large as it is now. Do we intend to the Democratic party has been against it. cross the Atlantic and grapple with some of the European powers? I want to call the attention of this House to the fact that under There is no necessity for that and no probability of it. No; we the last two Democratic Secretaries of the Navy the most of our have no great task before us to require us to constantly increase ships were built. Every boat that d.istinoO'llished herself in the this Navy at this extr&-vagant rate. I would retain in this bill war with Spain was built either under Secretary Whitney or one of these large ships, and I would build smaller craft, but I do Secreta1·y Herbert. I am not opposed to this bill as a whole.- It not telieve there is any necessity for this increase, carrying an strikes me that the men on the Republican or the Democratic side increased expense to the people of $30,000,000. who want to point out the ~vila of great appropriations might What do yon fear? Do you fear England? Why, the grain have reasonably opposed the army bill. If there was e'\'"er any fields of the West are a guaranty that England will not fight us. objection on the part of the people of the United States to mili We have Canada as a hostage for England's peace. taris~ it was directed to the .Army and never to the Navy. Are yon afraid of Germany? Yon are not afraid of Germany. The Navy has always been essential to the well-being of our Are·you afraid of France? Yon are n.ot afraid of France. national life .and our national future~ In the time of the Revo Where is the gentleman who will rise in his place here and lution it was the command of the sea by the French fleets that designate the country or power on earth iihat we fear? Are yon brought about the victory of Yorktown and the triumph of Amer afraid of your President? Ah, your fears may be wen founded; ican arms. In the war of 1812 we were .defeated on the northern but let me tell you, we trust he will not be President hmg; that border, and the Capitol was burned by British forces, but it was his conduct -will not long be a menace to the peace of the Amer naval victories that saved the country, and these, the most glori ican people. Before you can complete the ships now authorized ous years Df our naval history, were under a Democratic Admin I trust yon will have no further grounds for that fear. istration. In the civil war the North could never have been suc So, if your just fears do not warrant it, if the necessities do not cessful had it not beenfor our Navy, which blockaded the south justify it, what other reason is there for it? Is there a demand of ern ports and prevented the imports of arms and ammunition and the people for it? I deny that there is any demand in the·country the exports of southern products. In the Spanish war the same for this enormous increase. was true; it was our naval victories on the sea at Santiago and The gentleman from Virginia yesterday told us that there is a Manila that brought .about our success. demand among his people. There may be local conditions which The objection to this bill does not lie in the great appropriation.. would justify him in thinking it. He has the Norfolk Navy It lies in the -character of the bill itself, in providing for the build Yard in his district and the Newport News shipbuililing yard ing up of the Navy in quarters where it does not need it and neg that is now building six of the great ships of the country. With lecting certain essential parts which should be properly provided thousands of voters there whose·families are dependent upon the for in order to round out and complete our equipment. We have building of ships I can imagine how appeals to him may seem to provided for a battle ship when we do not need it, when the justify him in thinking the entire country is that way. Bnt..I United States as respecting battle ships is at the pr&--ent time deny, as a general proposition, that the people demand .such in fourth in rank among the nations. We have pronded for three crease. There may be a few localities demanding it. c1'U.isers when we can buy them in the open market and do not Are you going to increase the Navy for the benefit .of the .ship need to provide for the building of them at all; but in the essen builders? Then let me remind you that now we have uncom tial matter of torpedo boats and torpedo-boat destroyers it haa pleted in their yards thirty-five ships of the Government.. We been the fashion of our naval constructors and of the Naval 0Jm· have to-day eleven great battle ships; we have eight great ar mittee to neglect those craft for years. mored cruisers and six -protected cruisers, besides many smaller I believe that the American Naval Department has thought in ships being constructed in private yards. Will not that satisfy the past that torpedo boats and torpedo-boat destroyers we1·e not the private yards? Do you owe them anything further? I deny essential, that they were not good instruments of warfare. But that you ought to go further merely in their behalf. Is it patri the experience of the Chileans in their war, of th~ Japanese in the otism that requires it? Let me remind you, Mr. Chairman, that war with China, and of the Japanese in their war with Russia the greatest patriotism you can show is to preserve national saiety has proven to the contrary. What this bill should contain is a in an economical, honest, and honorable way. The people do not provision for ten or more torpedo boats and torpedo-boat destroy demand extravagance. Ten years ago we had a naval bill of ers and for less battle :Ships and s~out cruisers. Then it. would $25,000,000, and we were not afraid of Germany or any other coun meet the approbation, I think, of practically every man in this try; now we have $96,000,000 in this bill. House and in the country. The CHAIRM:AN. The time of the gentleman has expired. For .one, I shall vote a.g.ainst this provision for the battle ship. Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. I only want two minutes more. And if it is st:.-icken out I shall move to substitute in place thereof The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina~sks an amendment providing for ten torpedo-boat destroyers costing unanimous consent to continue for two minutes. Is there ob $3,500,000, as against the $7,000,000 to be expended for the battle jection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none~ ship. The .American Navy will not suffer. On the contrary, it is Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Now, when you answer the what should be done, because the very statistics prepared by the gentleman from Ohio, when yon can not successfully appeal to committee itself show that as regards torpedo boats and torpedo- 2374 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, boat destroyers we are the last of all the nations on the list, and pendent command by the younger officers of theNavy-an oppor as regards battle ships we are number four and there are eleven tunity to become acquainted with our coasts and inlets, a knowl battle ships now being built, with two more authorized, but not edge which is extremely valuable and in a matter of independent contracted for. We need no more at present. command something which is absolutely necessary for the proper The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. development of the best qualities of an officer. Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I should like to ask for five This morning I asked former Admiral Bowles (who appeared minutes more. before the Committee on Claims, of which I am a member) why The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks it was that our Navy Department insisted on the building of unanimous consent to extend his remarks for five minutes. Is battle ships, and had not paid more attention to the torpedo boats there objection? and destroyers. Mr. VANDIVER. Mr. Chairman, withholding for a moment I received from him the reply that the reason was that while the objection, I would like to ask if we can not reach an agree Congress is willing to grant great appropriations for the building ment as to the time for voting on this proposition. I renew my of battle ships, the Navy Department will continue to a. k for request of the chairman of the committee. If that can be done them; that there was not any real objection to torpedo bo ts or then I shall have no objection to the extension of time. torpedo-boat destroyers as compared with the heavier and more Mr. FOSS. Mr. Chairman, I would ask unanimous consent important vessels which are costing much larger sums; but the that we close debate on this paragraph in half an hour. sense of his answer was that the torpedo boat ought to be built Mr. FITZGERALD. 1!-Ir. Chairman, will that exclude debate and placed in the Navy at the present time, but as the battle on other amendments to be offered? ships cost much more they would get them as long as possible Mr. FOSS. I can not hear the gentleman. and then turn to the torpedo boats, which cost less, and would The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from illinois asks unani therefore be easier to get. mous consent that the debate on this paragraph and all amend Mr. GILLETT of Mafilsachusetts obtained the floor. ments conclude in thirty minutes. Mr. FOSS. I desire to renew my motion that debate on the Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. How is the time to be con pending paragraph and all amendments thereto be closed in thirty trolled? minutes. Mr. FOSS. I would say to the gentleman that I would like to The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has recognized the gentleman close the debate with the last ten minutes myself, and the gentle from Massachusetts [Mr. GILLETT]. man from Massachusetts [Mr. GILLETT] would like five minutes. Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. I yield a moment for the Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I presume that motion of the gentleman from Illinois. probably the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BURTON] ought to con The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Foss] trol the balance of the time left in favor of the motion, except so moves that all debate on the pending paragraph and all amend much thereof as is granted to the gentleman who now has the ments thereto be closed in thirty minutes. floor. The mot.ion was agreed to. Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman,-! desire to say to the gen Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. I agree with the statement tleman that his request will shut out debate on other amendments made by the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. WILLIAM W. that might be offered to this paragraph, and I suggest that he ask KITcHIN] that this is not a partisan question. I think it is pre unanimous consent that there be thirty minutes' debate on the posterous to say that any man is violating Republican doctrine or motion of the gentleman from Ohio. Democratic doctrine by advocating or opposing any fixed number Mr. FOSS. Well, that is the only :paragraph that I refer to. I of battle ships. I sympathize very heartily with the principles l~id mean the battle-ship proposition in the bill. down by the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BURTON] that this is ana The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? tion of peace, not of war, and that all our efforts should be to stim Mr. BENNY. Mr. Chairman, I object. I think this matter is ulate, by effort and by example, the arts of peace. I thoroughly of so much importance that it ought to receive all the debate that agree with his principles, but I differ from his conclusions. It this House cares to give. seems to mQ that while all our effort ought to be directed to reace, The CHAIRMAN. Objection is heard. Is there objection to he himself and every other gentleman will admit that we must the request of the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MeNARY] have a navy. No one denies that we must have a powerful, vig that his remarks may be extended for five minutes? orous navy, sufficient to defend us against any probable attack. Mr. VANDIVER. Mr. Chairman, I object. And it seems to me the question, and the only question, is one of The CHAIRMAN. Objection is made. detail: Is our present force too large or is it too small? Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts rose. I honor the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BURTON] for making his Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last proposition, because I think the tendency of the time, stimulated two words. as we are by our recent naval successes and by the atmosphere of The CHAIRMAN. That motion is not in order at this time. war in the world, is to go too far. The pendulum has for some Mr. McNARY. Then the la t four words. years been swinging toward a larger navy; popular opinion is The CHAIRMAN. The motion is already pending to strike strongly on that side; and under these conditions there is always out the last four words. danger that we will not stop in time, and I think the gentleman Mr. McNARY. Then I will move to strike out the last six from Ohio has rendered a courageous and a wholesome public serv words. [Laughter.] ice which will bear good fruit in the future, But I do not think The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Massachusetts this bill does go too far, although I am glad the note of warning [Mr. GILLETT] desire to be heard upon the amendment which was has been sounded. It seems to me the present condition of war already pending before his colleague makes this motion? between Japan and Russia is the strongest illustration and argu Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. Mr. Chairman, I do not wish ment against this amendment. to interfere with my colleague. The gentleman says: "The United States is a great peace power The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. with unbounded resources; let us rely on them. ' In Europe, the McNARY] moves to strike out the last word. counterpart of the United States is Russia, enormous in e~ent Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I did not desire at this par and enormous in re!ources of men and minerals and agricultm·e ticular time more than a chance to finish my sentence, because I in every natural source of wealth. Yet what do we see to-day? propose to move a little later on an amendment providing for the We see that enormous power humiliated, menaced by a power not building of torpedo-boat destroyers. I had practically said every a quarter of its size in population, not a twentieth of its size in thing I wanted to say as regards the battle ships; but I must ex power and in territory and resource. And why? Is not the one press my thanks to the gentleman on my right for his remarkable and clear and indisputable reason because the power of RusEia on courtesy in refusing to allow me a few minutes more, remarkable the sea is not commensurate with her power on the land? [Ap when you consider the fact that I have occupied none of the time plause.] Is not the only reason because Russia has not propor of the House during this entire session up to the present moment, tionately developed her navy, and therefore this small, complra while the gentleman has managed to inject himself into a number tively insignificant power, with a highly developed navy, ha~ of debates. attacked her and humiliated her and brought her to a mortifying I have stated that I shall vote against the battle-ship proposi condition, where the world thinks the chances are perhaps even tion, hoping that if that provision should be stricken out we may between these dis-proportionate antagonists? have an opportunity to insert a provision for torpedo-boat de Mr. RIXEY. I should like to interrupt the gentleman. stroyers. This will save over three millions and a half of dollars Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. No; I have but two minutes to the United States Treasury; it will increase the efficiency of more. the Navy; it will give us an opportunity to round out our naval The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman declines to yield. establishment in the proper direction, and it will benefit the Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. That, it seems to me, !fr. whole morale of the service in a way I will speak of. Chairman, is a strong and conclusive argument that we can not We all know that these torpedo-boat destroyers are uncomfort safely rely on our vast natural resources. It shows that a nation able vessels to serve in, but they give an opportunity for inde- must depend on her navy for defense. And to-day what would 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--ROUSE. 2375 lla.ve been included, but Olll'"growing Navy will be materially strengthened Russia give if she could retrace her policy, if she could have ~ad by these additions. a. naval administration for the last ten years that had been bnng- Great attention is being given the construction of vessels in these days. ing in bills for battle ships and cruisers? . We learned much from the Spanish war. Japan ha.staken to heart its teach ings. She. has a_homogeneous fleet tap~~le of making a dash in force. The What could she not afford to give? Must she not to-day regret speed of a fleet IS only equal to that of 1ts slowest vessel. We are working bitterly the fact that, because of neglect of her navy, she is lying on that line of fleet speed, and another war, should it ever come, ou&"ht to at the feet of Japan-a nation which never would have dared find us in the posseasion of a navy that could be depended upon for splendid service. even attack her if her force on the sea had been at all commen The naval bill carries appropriations for naval stations in Cuba and the surate with her force on land? It would have been economy for Philippines. Too much importance can not be attached to these stations. Russia to have la.vished millions on her navy, for this war would We have ~ot-to protect the Panama Canal and the Monroe doctrine as well, and dry docks and coal supplies and repair shops are absolutely essential. never have been heard of if Japan's naval superiority had not Especially in the Philippines is it a necessity to establish such a plant as been wholly disproportionate to her other resources. would be equal to every emergency. The Chinese question is not one that Why, it is said that it invites an attack to have a strong navy. can be settled in a day nor a year, nor in many a. year to come. With our growing interest in the Far East, to be prepared for anything is but a matter Is that the reason Japan attacked Russia? Was it because Russia. of prudence. A.nationmust have power if it is to count for anything in these had a strong navy? Was not the only reason Japan ever dared strenuous times, and the more power it has the greater are the chances for to commence this war because she lmew that in naval power preserving peace. The building of the Navy ought not to be a partisan matter. Our ships Russia was comparatively weak and she was strong? By devel~ began to grow under Cleveland when Whitney was at the head of the Navy oping her strength upon the sea in some proportion to her strength Department. It has been pushed ahead, not as rapidly sometimes as it should on land Russia would have saved herself not only vexation and have been, but still the progress has been continuous. It now remains for Senator GORMAN, the leader of the Democrats in the Senate of the United humiliation, but expense, for she would have saved herself a war, States, to take the ground that the Navy is top-heavy, and that there are too with all its present possibilities, if she had in time of peace pre many ships and men and guns. pared adequately for war upon the sea. [Applause on the Repub We can not believe that he can have many followers for such a dangerous policy. Certainly his attitude, both on the canal and on the Navy's develop lican side. J ment has lost him much of his prestige. He is still presumed to be a candi [Here the hammer fell.] date for the Democratic nomination for President. Probably he has ruined Mr. FITZGERALD, Mr. SOUTHARD, and Mr. BRANDEGEE his chances, but in any event the great thinking public would never place rose. such a man in. the White House. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Connecticut [Mr. Th& Washington Star of February 12, 1904, says: BRA....'mEGEE], a member of the committee, is recognized. The House Committee on Naval Affairs, in reporting the annual bill for support of the N svy, says: Mr. BRANDEGEE. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from North "If we judge public sentiment aright it is in favor of the continuance of Carolina [Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN] comp~ ains that what lie the policy of building up our Navy. If we stopped now, we would be left calls the charge or accusation of the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. behmd the leading countries of the world. "The American peo:tJle will not indorse the POlicy of sacrificing the Amari· BunTON] has not been met, but has been avoided. Well, Mr. can Navy fox: internal unprovements, nor is tli.ere any such necessity. Chairman, nobody is attempting to avoid the statement of the "Foremost and above all must stand consideratiOns of nntional defense, gentleman from Ohio that when the present naval programme of the maintenance of our foreign policies, and the protection of Am~rican citi the United States is completed the United States will be the third zens everywhere. The American people are not willing to lessen their infin· ence on this hemisphere nor forsake their interests on the other." naval power in the world. Nobody wants to avoid that state This is as true as gospel. Congress is not called upon to choose between ment, and in my judgment everybody ought to be proud of it. appropriations for the Navy and appropriations for meritorious internal im The gentleman from North Carolina further says that the pro>ements. Both have strong claims upon the country, and both have been receiving liberal recognition. Public sentiment indorses the attention that American people will not be stampeded into favoring this bill or has baen bestowed on the rivers and harbors, as well as on the Navy. building the ships provided for in this bill. Nobody is attempt To the great importance of t)le Navy no man can afford to shut his eyes. ing to stampede the American people. This programme is no A cheese-paring policy adopted with regard to that feature of the national strength and defense would be a national crime. Our investments so fur ha. ve dence of this Naval Committee, and when it is adopted, as it turned out admirably. Our ships have stood the test in battle, and our .men will be adopted, it will be in the even pursuance of a policy long have handled them with a skill and an intrepidity to which all the world has ago begun and consistently and uniformly advocated and put paid tribute. We are not experimentingJ therefore, but providing tools fash IOned upon approved plans for those wno have shown the capacity to use through, irrespective of partisanship, by every Administration them. There is not a dollar of the ninety-six millions asked for in. the pres that the country has seen for the last twenty years. ent bill which will not help to serve the country's best purposes. Now, everybody knows this. This country has made np its We ha. ve need to be >ery strong on the sea. The natioiLS are not adopting a Quaker policy in the matter of their differences. They are not likely to do mind to have a. navy consistent with the amount of its property, so. They talk peace in flowing periods, but retain a good deal of the old its importance, and itsgreatcommercialinterests. There is hardly Adam in their composition. Adam himself was not a fighting man, but the a dissenting voice, outside of this Chamber, to the programme spirit of contrut showed in, the second generation, and it has been showing ever since. Only a few years ago the Czar put out a peace proclamation, and outlined by this Naval Committee. the world was asked to admire him as the advoca. te of universal disarmament. I desire to read a short extract from the New York Mail and To-day, after months of diplomatic shilly-shallying, he bas drawn the sword, Express of February 12, 1904, commenting upon the statement of and is calling on his millions of soldiers to fight to the death in behalf of his policies. the chairman of the Naval Committee [Mr. Foss] in the report: We ourselves are at peace with all the world and hOJ?6 to remain eo. But [From the New York Mail and Express, Friday, February 12, 100!.] our interests are many and widely scattered, and as this is an age of strain Farsighted patriotism bulks lArge in the explanation by Mr. Foss, chair and surprises we must be prepared for whatever a day may bring forth. The man of the House Committee on Naval Affairs, of the action of· the commit man who votes to starve the Navy votes against the country's best interests. tee in planning and appro~riating for the navy shipbuilding pro~ramme for The country wants to be a strong naval power. By the time the coming year. As we mtimated that it would do, the COlllilllttee recom mends the construction of one battle ship, two armored cruisers, three scout we have become the third power upon the sea it will have taken crniEers, and two squadron colliers_ Explaining why it had decided upon us a quarter of a century of continuous building to achieve that this distribution of vessels, Mr. Foss said: result. "We recommend more than the usual number of cruisers in view of the BURTON] fact that last year we provided for fi>e large battleships. If we jud~e public The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. has moved to strike sentiment aright, it ism favor of the continuance of the policy of building up out the pa-ragraph which provides for the construction of the sin our Navy. If we stopped now,-we would be left behind the leading countries gle battle ship authorized by this bill. I hope his motion will of the world. "The American ~eople will not introduce the policy of sacrificing the not prevail. American Navy for mternal improvements, nor is there any such necessity. The battle ship is the backbone of the navy. It is the real Foremost and above all must stand considerations of national defense, main fighting strength of all sea power. tenance of our foreign policies, and protection of American citizens eve!'¥ where. The American peo~le are not willing to lessen their influence on this It is upon the high seas that this country will fight its decisive hemisphere nor foT&'\ke therr interests on the other." battles if war ever comes. This is a complete and patriotic reply to the "little American" .policy ad If we can defeat an enemy there, our coasts will never be ex vocated by Senator GoiUUN, and expresses clearly the views of those who wish to see the United States maintain the position she has won in the past posed. Great Britain now has 52 battle ships. We have 11. seven years. When the battle ships now authorized shall be completed she will The bill carries a t-otal of $96,338,038,about $14,500,00) more than that of last have 59 a.nd,we will have 25. We shall then have made some re year, but $9,500,000 less than the De-partment's estimates. or this nearly $00,000, bration at The Hague, and those representatives in solemn con marked that no serious actual delays have occurred up to the present time on account of delay in delivery of armor and ordnance, becau.ae the other de vention resolved upon the disarmament of the military estab lays which have occurred on vessels under contract have caused the failure lishments; but I am also reminded of the fact that no sooner was by the Government to deliver armor to become unimportant. Had the ves that resolution passed by the representatives of all the countries se:s been otherwise advanced, the failure of the Government to deliver armor would have been a serious cause of delay. than the nations themselves began to build their military estab "With reference .to delays due to the slowness in delivery of steel and lishments with greater vigor than ever before. And I say here other structural material, it may be stated that the delays due to failure to to you to-day that we must continue this policy of building the deliver structural steel have, within a few months past, greatly decreased, owing to the falling off in the general demand for structural steel, but delays American Navy. in delivery of nickel steel continue to be serious, with, however, prospect of Why, the gentleman says that we are isolated upon this hemi improvement in thjs respect. sphere. True, we are isolated. We were more isolated one hun-. "It may be further remarked that the original contract period of thirty six months in the case of the five battle ships of the Vi1·ginia class and the SIX dred years ago than we are to-day. We were more isolated fifty armored cruisers of the Penns1jl-cania class wa~ inadequate to com;:Jbto the years ago than we are to-day. We were more isolated twenty vessels, even had no delays occurred from the causes enumerated, and it is five years ago than we are to-day. We were more isolated five believed that the contract period assigned to the later large- battle ships and armored cruisers, of from forty to forty-two months, is about the minimum years age than we are to-day. Science is annihilating space every time in which these vessels can be completed. It is further to be noted that hour and every minute. We are brought into closer and closer the battle ships or the Louisiana and Ve1·nwnt classes and the armored Cl'uis· relations with the nations of the world in our commerce and in ers Tenn~ssee and Washington a.re making much better progress th::.:a has heretofore been usual for vessels of the Navy, and at the present time are es our trade, and the time is fast coming when we will be still fur timated to be in most cases but a short time behind the contract pe;-iod. ther interwoven with them in all their relations. Not only that, "The only important question which may cause serious delays in t.!::e later but foreign nations have coaling stations here right in the sight vessels and which will increase the delays already existing on the ear lier >essels in the annexed list is the question of elaborate changes in an-ange of our coast. ment of all these vessels, which will be necessary if submarine torpedo tubes Why, you remember when the Spanish fleet, in the Spanish are installed." American war, started from the other side and we knew not its Indorsement dated the 12th instant: "With reference to the verbal instructions of the Department, the Bureau destination there was a shudder that went down the whole New has to submit the following additional statement: England coast, and many of those estimable gentlemen who live "(a) The tnble of 'Vessels onder construction,' showing the degree of along there and preach in times of peace about the cost of war completion and the months behind the contract time, is intended to jnd'cate, under the heading 'Degree of completion, per cent,' t he estimated r.ro~or and the necessity of cutting down the military establishment tionate value of the hull, equipment, and instcllation of ar.:nor and ol·dnance would not go to their summer resorts on the shore, but, on the as comp::tred to the total value of the same when completed under the con contrary, went to their safety-deposit vaults~ and took their boxes tract. The 'Months behind the contract time' is a st.'l t.ement showing the difference between the actual ela.psed time from the da.te of the contract and and heels into the interior. [Laughter.] Now, I tell you, in the estimated time which would have been required to bring the vessel to time of war we see the necessity for a navy. the degree of completion indicated in the first column if the work h3.d pro If we are to turn our backs upon the Philippines; if we are to gressed in such manner as to a.dva.nce the vessel at such rate as required to complete her within the contract time. It therefore makes no assump~ion as give them up and our islands vf the sea; if we are to refuse all to progress in the future, but many of these vessels wm accumul:>,te addi protection to American commerce wherever that commerce goes; tional delays beyond the contract time as they progress further toward com if we are to say, ·' Oh, yes, there is nothing but peace; there will pletion, owing to fte fact that the original contract time was too short, as never be any war," w.hy, then, I say let us stop building battle pre•iously indicated. " (b) The third column indicates the original contract date on whlch the ships, stop building all kinds of ships, dismantle the guns along vessels in question were to be completed, and it may be noted that for the the coasts, and refuse to put a single dollar into fortifications. Ohio the contract time has already been largely exceeded, and for the five vessels of the Virginia class the contract time of co::nplotion is about to ex. Why deepen the rivers and harbors? What is the use of creat pire. The original contract time of completio-;:1 for the six armored cruisers ing a foreign commerce unless you can protect it? Why not go of the Pennsylvania class has already expired. . back into some corner of the world and there hide away in sol "(c) The question of strikes has not been directly touched upon in the itude and isolation? Yes, why not take down from the masthead previous indorsement. The Ohio, Nebraska, California, South Dakota, and ,~ilwattkee have been greatly delayed by strike!\ 0::1 the Pacific coast, at the of our battle ships that old flag of glory, placed in the sky by the Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CaL, and at Moran Brothers Company, united work of the Army and the Navy in every great national Seattle, Wash. The strikes in question extended over a period of at least a struggle, placed there by the bravery of our soldiers and our sail year, and their after effects may still be said to exist to-some extent. "In some measure the strikes were a concurrent cause of delay with other ors, all the way from Washington to Chaffee, all the way from causes previously mentioned, but there is no doubt that the vesse_ls on the Esek Hopkins and old Jack Ban-y to Dewey. Pacific coast would be further advanced than they actually are had it not Why not take down that flag and run up to the masthead the been for these extensive strikes. Strikes on the Atlantic coast have been of minor importance as regards the vessel-a on the inclosed list, although they white flag of peace; that kind of peace that means surrender of have had some slight effect in addition to the other causes of delay." national duty, of national obligation, of national responsibility? Very respectfully, And then take ourselves away into some remote corner of the earth CHA.S. H. D.A..RLING, .Acting SecretanJ. and pray God may we carry Old Glory along with us as a sweet Ron. GRORGE EDMUND Foss, and gentle reminder that we were once a nation and once a people. Chairman Committee on Naval .Affairs, Go back, I say, into some isolated corner and sit down and write House of Representatives. the word" Nation" so small that no people on the face of the VESSELS OF THE NEW NAVY UNDER CONSTRUCTIO~. globe can see it, and we ourselves ashamed to look at it, and there, Number of months behind contract time, as per Tt?p01·ts of supm·intending con- with humiliation and ·grief, mourn over the better and more glo . structors on hull to January 1, 190!., based on percentage of completion. rious days of the Republic. [Loud applause.] Degree of Months be- comple- bind the Contract APPENDIX. Vessels. tion (per contract dateo~com- NAVY DEPART.MK..~T, cent). time. pletion. Washington, Februmy 19, 1904. · Srn: Referring to your letter of the 30th ultimo, asking for a statement showing how many and what vessels are behind the contract time of com BATTLE SHIPS. pletion, and the length of the delays on each, respectively, and the causes for 84:5 fr{ .Tune 5,11101 such delays, I have the honor to inclose herewith a copy of a letter dated ======: ======52.5 17.6 Feb. 15,1004 February 18,1893, addressed to tho Department by the Chief of the Bureau ~~~illia·:Nebraska····················-·-··· ====~~== ...... 35 19.2 Mar. 7, 1904: of Construction and Repair, furnishingmformation upon the subject of then Georgia---·-··-·-····---··-················ 42.5 - 20.4 Feb. 18,1904 existing delays in completing vessels of the Navy, together with a list of the 49.4 18.9 Feb. 15, 100! vessels now under construction, indicating the percentage of completion and ~~~d~e:&1:~d ·: ~=: ::: == ~ ~======: ~==::: ===== 50.6 18.6 Do. the number of months behind the contract time in each case, and to quote Louisiana . _...... ------·-·· -····· ... . 34.5 1.1 Mar. 15,1906 below an indorsement, dated the 6th instant, upon your letter cf the chief Vermont ...... 2. 7 1.3 Dec. 20, 1905 of said Bureau, in whose starements the Bureaus of OrdnnnceandSteamEn Kansas ...... 2.6 2.5 Dec. 16,1906 gineering, which are also concerned witli the construction of vessels, concur, Minnesota ...... _...... 12 a1.6 and a supplemental report, by indorsement dated the 12th instant, of the Bu Dec. 20,1900 reau of Uonstruction and Repair, viz: ARMORED CRUISEBS. Indorsement dated the 6th instant: "The Bureau incloses herewith tabulated statement (inclosure 1) showing 64.. 9 11. 8 Jan. 10, 1904, the vessels of the Navy onder construction under contracts, the degTee of 70.5 12.1 Jan. 24, 1904 complotion January 1, 1904, and the number of months that they were then 51 20.5 Jan. 10,1004 behind the contract time. ~fNJEr~~~==~~~===~======~~=~====Colorado ...... •..... 69 10.8 Do. "With reference to the causes for such delays in completion, attention is Maryland·····-···-···········------····· 65.4 13.4 Jan. 24,1904 invH.ed to the Department's letter of February IS, 1903, addressed to the South Dakota .. ______...... 47 22.5 Jan. 10,1901 President, inclosing copy of this Bureau's letter of February 13, 1900, for Tennessee .....•...... ··········--···· •..... 15.1 . 7 Aug. 9,1906 warded herewith (inclosure 2). The causes of delay therein enumerated still Wa.shinfton ...... --··- ...... 12 2 Aug. 10,1906 apply in general. "It may be remarked that the contracts for the following vessels have CRUISERS. been forfeited, viz: Torpedo boat Goldsbo1"ough, contracted for by Wolff & Zwicker; the protected cruiser Chattmwoga and torpedo boats Nicholson and Denver...... 98 19.5 June 14,1002 O'Brien, contracted for by the Crescent Shipyard (Lewis Nixon); the pro Des Moines .....• ----····-····--···...... 97 19.5 Do. tected cruiser Galveston, contracted for by the William R. Trigg Company, Chattanooga...... 72 Do. and the torpedo boat Stringham, contracted for by Harlan & Holling::,--worth. Galvesto:a...... 70.5 Do. In each case the company having the contract had previously gone into the St. Louis...... 36.2 22.5 Mar. 11,1904. hands of a receiver and were un..1oble to complete the contract. Milwaukee...... _____ ...... __ ...... 41 20.6 Apr. 17,1904 "With reference to the causes of delay enumerated in the letter of the Charleston. ______-·····...... 56.9 14 Mar. 30,-l!XK Bureau of Construction and R-epair, dated February 13, 1903, it may be re- a Ahead of time. I J 2378 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, Number of months behind contract time, etc.-Continued. You will notice that according to tonnage the armored cruiser is a more expensive vessel for its hull and machinery than a battle Degree of ~o.nths be- Contract ship. A statement has already been read to you showing the ton VesseLs. <_!OIIlJlle- hind the date of com- nage of other nations. Now, we have completed and already in tion (J?er COJ?.tra.ot pletion. cent). •time. course of construction more tons of battle ships, armored cruisers, and protected cruisers than any other countl·y in the world ex Mr. HILL of 'Connecticut. I will withhold my amendment for tee on Naval Affairs can not 'tell this ·Honse where in the world the present. we can buy to11Jedo boats or torpedo-boat destroyers. They can :Mr. McNARY. I would 1ike to call the attention of the Chair be bought nowhere, but the scout cruisars can be bought. to the fact that I referred ·to line 18, instead of 19, as the Clerk [Here the hamme1· fell.] read. I do notknowwhetheritis mymista.ke. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the correction will be Mr. DAYTON. Mr. Chairmarr, there has been such a clca.r made. misstatement of the condition of the United States Navy's ships, 1\Ir. McNARY. Now; Mr. Chail·nntn, my reason for offering and especially in reference to the smaller classes of vessels, that this amendment is this: Af3 I said a few-moments ago, I am not I want to call the committee's attention just for a moment to the opposed to an increase of the Navy, but it seems to me that this actual situation. We hav-e eleven battle ships of the first class increase should go on in a proper fashion. and are building thirteen. We have of second-class battle ships I was surprised, with manyMembeTs of this House; to find_ that and armored ironclads, such as monitors, twelve, and none build the Committee on Naval Affairs had not reported an inerease of ing. We have two armored cruisers built and eight building, our torpedo-boat establishment, and, on questioning one :Member making a total now built of -twenty-five fighting ships. I hope and another,! received no conclusive answer; but I did;however, the gentleman from Massachusetts will give mo his attention, a get an answer this morning from former Admiral Bowles, who I think I ca.n explain to him that there- is no necessity for the tor said that " so long as Congress was willing.to vote large sums of pedo-boat destroyers or torpedo boats. money for the heavier armored ships, .so long will the naval au We have twenty-five battle ships, armored crnisers, and iron thorities ask it." clad 'lllonitors built to-day, and have twenty--one building. That Let me call the att9D.tion of this House to the fact that our is the nghting line. Navy is being developed in a disproportionate manner. Our WehaYeprotectedcruisers, sevonteen; smallcruisersandscouts, friend from lliinois, the chainnan of the Naval Affairs Commit twenty-three; a total of forty; and -we ha-ve nine of th.o~e two tee, declared that tho armored boats were the fighting arm of the classes building. This is the messenger and commerce-destroy Navy. So they-are. But we have seen only-within the-past-few ing service of the Navy. The -very character of the vessels fits days that some of these great battle ships, costing,.geven and eight them for this occupation and substantially for none other. W t3 million dollars, have been }1Ut out of acti-on by torpedo boats, have sixty-seven gunboats built and one builaing. I do not know costing perhaps $300,000. just exactly what to characterize that. You may say that it is It is a significant fact that the United Stat-es, 'Whlch, according the popgun fighting line of the Navy. It is the fighting line in to the report of the Committee on Naval Affairs, .stands fourth as the small harbors or :pmi:s against small vessels that may need its regards battle ships, having 24 either built, building or author attention. It is not the Teal fighting line. We have sixteen tor ized, again-st England's 59, Frances 26, Russia's 25, and Germany's pedo-boat destroyers, thirty-one torpedo boats built and six build 20, leaving us fourth in that line and third .in the line of scout ing, and we have eight submarine torpedo boats, making a total cruisers, having a total of 93 to England's 239, FTance's 110, and of fifty-five in that class of vessels to-day belonging to that arm Germany's86; in the case of torpedo boats eighthinrank, the last of the service that·may be characterized as the guerilla-warfare of all-behind even Austria-Hungary. service, and we have six building. In other words, we have fifty Including submarine torpedo boats, France is No.1, with 268; five of that class of -vessels againEt twenty-five vessels that can England is No.2, with 255; Ru.ssia, No. R, with214; Italy, No.4, fight. wi.th153; Germany,No.5,with140; Japan,No.6,with.80; Austria When we have our -present Navy-completed we will have 46 Hungary, No.7, with 69, and the United States, No.8, with 58. vessels in the nghting line, 47 in the messenger and commerce If there is -any arm -of our Navy that needs development, it is destroying service, 68 in the gunboat-warfare se1'Vice, and 61 in the torpedo boat. Experience has proven in the Chilean war, as the guerrilla-warfare-service. Now; I want to call your attention was -shown 'When the Almirante Condeli and the Almirante Lynch tomyreason for calling these torpedo-boat destroyera and torpedo torpedoed the battle ships, that-these form a very forcible offense. boats and submarines as vessels engaged in a guerrilla warfare. The Japanese navy in the war with China sent its torpedo Tliere is but very little difference between a torpedo boat and a boats into Wei-hai-wei and destroyed several battle ships, and a torpedo-boat destroyer. They are fast, unprotected ships, one few days ago at Port Arthur the Japanese torpedo boats put sev designed to destroy-the other, it is true, but both carrying tor eral Russian battle ships out of action. This shows that the tor pedoes. Theyare boats designed to rnn in, strike a blow, and then pedo boats, properly manned and directed, are able to destroy run away. Now, .Mr. Chairman, I want-to call the gentleman s these great armored vessels. attention to the fact that history-shows substantially that a tor Nbw, what can be the reason that thi-s committee has notre pedo boat never struck an effective blow where its adversary was ported an increase of ottr Navyin this particular? The only rea upon the alert, and that in every battle where it has come in con son is the reason given by-former Admiral Bowles this morning, tact with a foe ready to meet it it has been destroyed, and that so long as we are willing to vote great sums of money for the destroyed easily. Take, for example, Santiago, where Wain h-eaviest-ships the Navy Department will ask for it, but as a mat wright, on -the little Gloucester, settled the two torpedo boats of to...r of fact any sen ible man who reads -and reflects knows that if the Spwish fleet. Take Manila, where the Olym,pia went in and our .naval establishment is to be properly built up we ought to destroyed the torpedo boats_ -without tJ:oub1e. ha~e a mnch larger number of these torpedo yessels. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from West Vir- A good reason why we-should have- additional torpedo boats is ginia has expired. because younger officers of the Navy will thus be given an inde Mr. DAYTON. Mr. Chairm-an, I ask for five minutes more. pendent command, and by this means theywill become acquainted Mr. BAKER. I object. . with the inlets and harbors of the coast; and by giving them a Mr. GRAFF. Mr. Chairman, my attention was attracted to small independent command over men~ they will be-enabled by what seemed to me a new objection to the Republican policy of observation and experience, better to command merr in the future increasing our Navy, and Twas somewhat surprised to hear that on larger and more important-vessels. From every standpoint objection from so distingui.shed a gentleman as the gentleman from the standpoint of statistics, from the standpoint of effi~ from Missouri. The objection mado by him was that this in ciency-we ought to adopt a provision of this character. crease of the Navy-would logically-be followed by an increase of Let me point out alse that five of these vessels will be bniit in our Army; that because we necessarily compared the needs of the navy-yards of this country if this amendment is adopted, onr-Navywith the size of the navyu-pheld by other great nations, which will gi-ve our naval constructors and mechanics an oppor that we wouid follow up that policy-by following the example of tunity-to display and develop their skill and give them also needed England, with her 200,000 standing army, and by the standing experience in constrn'Ction. armyof Germnny and by the still greater standing army of Russia. In addition, the cost-of these-ten boats as provided will be but MT. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the gentle $3,500,000, whereas the cost of the three scout cruisers, which-can man a question. . be bought at rutytima from among the tl·ans-Atlantic fleet and Mr. GRAFF. Very well. which need not be built by the Government, will be, with arma :Mr. McNARY. I would like to ask the gentleman if he did ment, $6,600,006. not this morning.hear. the statement of former Admiral Bowles Mr. FOSS. Will the gentleman yield for a question? that the reason~ why-they had not asked for torpedo boats was The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Massachusetts that as long as Congress was willing to make the larger appro yield to the gentleman from Illinois for a question? priations they delayed asking for torpedo boats? Mr. McNARY. Assuredly. Mr. GRAFF. I will refer the subject of torpedo boats to the Mr. FOSS. I would say to my friend from Massachusetts that Naval Committee, who know more about the subject than I do. I we can build torpedo boats in less time-thrurwe ~an builtl scout desire to deny that there is any-necessary connection between the cruisers, particularly-those scout crnisemwhich are -cruisers of necessities of a great navy and any pretended necessity for a great great speed-which go 2-2 knots an hour. They .can not be built army. The territory of the United States is not contiguous to the as easily and quickly as the other articles. territory of any great powerwhich would threaten\18. If we were Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, the chairman~ of the .Commit- to have a war in the future, it would necessarily be a war 1?1JOn the 1904. ' . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 2381 sea, and any man who engages either in the conflict of war or years ago Japan would not permit one of her citizens to go be any commercial conflict that does not measure the necessities of yond her borders nor permit a foreign citizen to enter into her his own strength by the equipment of his antagonist is certainly gates under penalty of death, so exclusive was she. n unwise man. What other guide can we have for the necessi We have discovered, in studying the characteristics of the Chi ties of this great nation in the way of a navy than the present nese and th& Japanese, in the last year, that the Chinaman con equipment of naval strength of other contending powers? tains as many of the faculties for development for receiving the The policy of the Republican party with relation to our military impress of western civilization as the Jap. Already railroads are establishment has been entirely different from the policy of the being opened up in China. Already there is a large and increas nations of the Old World. Our policy has simply been to give us ing demand in China. by her citizens for the p1·oducts of the na a skeleton army, those things which we must necessarily b& tions of the West. ~nipped with in order to make a framework, the ranks of which We can teasonably look for a change in China industrially sim hall be filled in by the thousands of patriotic citizens who flock ilar to that now so evident in Japan. If the per capita consump ro our standard and make up the powerful Army of the UnitM tion in China of American products were to increase to the present States. The impulses which are awakened in th& breast of the per capita consumption in Japan, China would be to-day a very Ammican citizen when an American conflict b& been at hand is large customer. entirely different from the motives which move men in other na N of Naval stations in the Philippines, fortifications there. and tions of the world. An American is fighting for his flag, his like improvements in the Hawaiian Islands, and the increase of our conntry, and his institutions, in which he has a part ownership Navy are necessary to preserve our commercial interests abroad, as well as interest. But the merchant marine of the United in which every citizen of the United States is vitally interested. States, if we had one, could not be improvised into battle ships The CHAIRI\IAJ..'{. The time of the gentleman has expired. when the con:tlict came. We must necessarily have them pre The question is on the adoption of the amendment offered by the pared in time of peace for time of wa.r when it comes. gentleman from Massachusetts. It takes four or five years to reach the completion of a battle Mr. FOSS. Mr. Chairman, I just want to say a word npon -Ship after it is provided for by Congress. In addition to this, our this proposition, and that is this: The proposition of the gentle friends seem to have great fear in the face of the fact that this is man means, as I understand it, if a.dDpted, an expenditure of a world power; but it is a world power, and our having become a $3,500,000. This recommendation which we make in this bill for world power has been by cpnditions, by our position, by our a naval programme is a recommendation which is backed up by strength, and not by the policy of any party. They have made our naY3l authorities, who have given carefnlconsidera.tion to the objections in regard to the increase of the Navy because they say different types and characters of ships. it is not necessary for the protection of our own shore, as though Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman- this 80,000,000 of people had no interest except between these par The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from lllinois yield to ticular oceans which cover the eastern and western boundaries of the gentleman from Massachusetts? this countrv. Mr. FOSS. Yes; for a question. The CH.AmMAN. The time of the gentleman from IDinois Mr. McNARY. I would like to ask the gentleman from Dlinoi! has eXpired. if that programme was not made out and recommended to the Mr. GRAFF. Mr. Chairman, I ask for five minutes more. Committee before the events at Port .Arthur? The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from illinois asks that his Mr. FOSS. Yes, I will answer my friend from Massachusetts, time be extended five minutes. Is there objection? [After a this programme was made out before the battle of Port Arthur, pause.] The Chair hears none. and that is just the point exactly. Since the battle of Port Arthur Mr. GRAFF. The United States of America has more money we have had no further recommendation from the Secretary of invested in manufacturing enterprises than the Kingdom of Great the ·Navy or from Admiral Dewey or from the general board, and Britain. The United States produces 32 per cent of all the food I wish to call the attention of the gentleman to this fact: I sub products of the entire world. It will always remain true. In mit that the House of Representatives should not be moved on an view of the increased productive power, as a resultant from these occasion like this by the hearing of news of one battle or another. great factories already built, from American invention, and from Why, if that were so, we might be building torpedo boats to-day the steady employment of American workmen, a large surplus is and we might be building battle ships to-morrow. When I first being produced, and will continue to be produced unles~ there is heard of that successful attack by tlie Japanese torpedo boat!. retrenchment in th& production in the United States, unless the upon the RllSSian ship , I naturally felt that we ought to build American workman ceases to be employed so generally, or ceases torpedo boats, perchance; but then I reflected a little further, and to be employed all the time throughout the year. So that the the next morning I saw that the Czar of Russia had eaid that he pressing problem before the United States, whether the Demo did not expect wa.r; that there had been no declaration of war; cratic party wins at the next election or whether the Republican that the Japanese had made their attack before the Japanese party wins at the next election, is, How are we going to provide minister had left St. Petersburg or the Russian minister had left for the coilBlliDption and sale of the surplus of our farms and our Tokyo. There was no declaration of war until two or three days facrories? after that attack. He gave that in explanation, I presume. In what direction are we looking for that? Shall we presume It is barely possible that Russia had been adopting that peace that European nations will continue to furnish an outlet for the policy which we hear about, which means nothing less than never most of the surplus of our factories and farms? Ah, no. Already being prepared for war. I do not know what it was, but I know a public sentiment has been sufficiently aroused in England, in this, that I do not believe that we can gather up the results of trenched as she is by past experience and by prejudice in the this war until after the war is over, because I see in the papers principles of free trade, to protect herself against the invasion of to-day that the Retvizan, built by the Cramps, in Philadelphia1 her markets by the products of American factories. The direc has repulsed and put to flight the Japanese boats. Now, we have tion in which we must look is toward tOO Orient. and if this Con imperfect news. Wa have had no official statement wha;tever gress should go before the people of the United States at the eom with reference to the battle. lng election and confess that they thought that an isthmian canal Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman- was so necessary that it warranted us in expending two hundred The CRA!Rl\IAN. Does the gentleman from Tilinois yield to millions of the people's money and then provided no navy com the gentleman from Massachusetts? mensurate with this great enterprise for protecting our interests Mr. FOSS. Yes; for a question. with relation to our foreign trade, present and prospective, we Mr. McNARY. I should like to ask the gentleman from Tili would meet with condemnation at the hands of the intelligent nois how he will explain to this House the faet that while the citizens of the United States. The people of the United States United States is number four in regard to battle ships and number have an interest in regard to the open ports in China. four as regards cruisers, which are provided for in this bill, she Who believes that we could have succeeded in obtaining those is even below Austria as regards torpedo boa.ts? What has brought open ports if it were not that the power and dignity of the United about this condition of affairs? On what theory has the Navy States was partially represented by a powerful navy, willing to been built in such a way as to bring the United States below back up its just demands? Any intelligent student of the present France, England, Germany, Russia, Italy, Japan, and Austria time knows that there is a conflict going on. You may talk of as regards torpedo boats? Why- peace, but there i8 a conflict, not of arms, but of commerce; a The CHAIRMAN. The time of th{) gentleman b·om llli uois contliet between the railroad land transportation of Russia and [Mr. Foss] has expired. the transportation by water by the balance of the European pow Mr. FOSS. I ask unanimous consent to proceed five miLutes ers and the United States. It was in view of these facts that the longer. people of the United States unanimously demanded the opening Mr. McNARY. I hope the gentleman's time will be extended, of the Isthmus of Panama by a canal The South recognized and I should like to have my question answered. the demands and the necessities of the hour for better facilities The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois asks unanimous for the sale of her surplus cotton in oriental markets. Ah, but consent that his time be extended for five minutes. ·Is there ob you say that the present trade with China is insignificant. Fifty jection? The Chair .hearB none. • 2382 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, Mr. McNARY. I hope I may be allowed to finish my question. ber of torpedo boats, we are right. Now, yon ean have your I hope the gentleman from illinois will kindly explain to the choice. In my judgment, the American naval authorities are House why it is that England, France, and Germany have seen fit wrong. The gentleman says that the torpedo boat is experimental. to build so large a number of torpedo boats, a much larger num So is the battle ship. A battle ship ten years of age is regarded ber, proportionately, than the United States? What objection is now as worthless and sent to the scrap heap. Yon can not even there on the part of our naval authorities to a similar policy? sell it. So the battle ship is, in a sense, experimental. What are Mr. FOSS. I will say, Mr. Chairman, that in considerations of all these naval vessels at the present time but experimental? this kind as to the particular character and type of our ships, the But I d~ sh·e to call the gentleman's attention again to the fa.ct Naval Committee has always thought it best to follow the advice that he bas not refuted the evidence that in three wars-in the and opinions of our naval authorities. I know that. whenever Chilean war, in the China-Japan war, and in the present war be Congress has gone the other way we have only been led away tween Japan and Russia-the torpedo boat has proven a most from the right course. I know that upon one occasion there was effective article of warfare; and the only reason that it did not a proposition brought in here with reference to a wonderful gun, so prove iir the war between the United States and Spain was the and Congress appropriated a good deal of money for the manu fact that we did not have torpedo boats. If we had had them, in facture of such a gun. Indeed, I believe it was stated on this stead of lying many weary weeks before Santiago, we might have floor that if we could only have this gun it would put to flight all done what the Japanese did at Wei-hai-wei. the navies of the world; that it was such a powerful arm that it Instead of sending in a coal-laden steamer to try to block the would even almost blow the earth off its axis. But the only thing entrance, we might have done what the Japs did when they sent it ever did blow was $250,000 out of the Treasury of the United their torpedo boats into Wei-hai-wei and torpedoed a number of States. And so I say to my friend that I think it better for us to Chinese battle ships and what they did when they sent them into take the advice and follow the opinions of our naval authorities. the harbor at Port Arthur the other night and torpedoed anum Mr. McNARY. Will the gentleman kindly explain to the ber of the battle ships of Russia and gained command of the sea House what the opinion of the naval authorities is? What reason thereby. There was no need for all those weary weeks if we had do they allege for having built up the Navy disproportionately? had the boats, because we certainly had the men to man them and Why is it that we have been allowed to fall down to the eighth the skill to operate them. place in reference to torpedo boats, whereas France and England We have fallen short in this respect. Gentlemen can not dis and Germany have built a larger number proportionately? What guise the fact that either our naval constructors are wrong or the theory is beneath or behind the action of the Department? The foreigners are wrong. On the side of the foreigners stands the gentleman answers my question by saying that the committee has experience in the three wars that I have mentioned. On the side merely taken the advice of the naval authorities. Will be kindly of the Americans there is no argument whatsoever. tell us why the naval authorities have taken such a position? Mr. FOSS. Let me ask the gentleman a question. Mr. FOSS. I think it is due to the fact that torpedo craft of The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from Massachus~tt3 every character have been largely experimental. There have yield to the gentleman from illinois? been comparatively few instances-for example, in our civil war Mr. McNARY. Certainly. where the torpedo boat has accomplished much. Of two excep Mr. FOSS. Whom does the gentleman wish to follow, a foreign tional instances which I recall, one was the blowing up of the Albe naval authority or our own naval authorities? mm·le. The torpedo boat is yet to be developed and to prove its Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I want to follow the teachings usefulness. of any nation at any time that shows itself superior to us. What Then, there is another consideration. We can build those boats should we follow, the experience of people or the theories of peo quickly. It takes comparatively few months as compared with ple? I am backing the experience of nations against the theories years that have to be expended in constructing a great battle ship of our own officers. What would any sensible man follow? or an armored cruiser. I think that is, perhaps, the main reason Experience has shown that these boats ought to be constructed; why the building of such craft has not been recommended. The and as regards the remarks of the gentleman from illinois that general board did not recommend and our naval authorities do we can build them quickly, let me tell this House that it came out not recommend torpedo boats this year. But it does not neces before the committee of which I am a member that it took four sarily follow that this committee next year or at some future time years to build the torpedo boats we now have, and that is not may not bring in a proposition to increase our torpedo fleet. very quick-- But what I do insist upon is this, that in the building up of our Mr. FOSS. Will the gentleman yield? Navy we should not be moved by the passion of the hour or by a Mr. McNARY. Yes. newspaper recital of this battle or that. I have insisted, if I have Mr. FOSS. That is due to the fact that those were the first we ever insisted upon anything, that we should build up this Navy built. with calmness and with poise. We shall find it infinitely better Mr. McNARY. No, Mr. Chairman, they were not the first we and safer to stand always upon the recommendation of our great built. They were the first to be built by private contractors. naval authorities in this regard. The delay was partly due to the fact that the Bethlehem Iron and Why, sir, Congress, against the advice of our naval authorities, Steel Works and the Midvale Steel Works had, in combination, appropriated $350,000 for a dynamite cruiser called the Vesuvius. cornered the market and jumped up-the price of steel, and held It was stated at that time, upon this floor, that that was a won the contractors by the throat, and refused to deliver the goods, derful ship, and we appropriated that sum of money. But the and because Congress had inserted the provision that they must Vesuvius to-day is fit only for the scrap heap. The American be constructed of American materials thus making the builders Congress appropriated a million and a half of dollars for a batt-er the prey of the steel combination. The result was that every ing ram called the Katahdin, against· the advice and opinion of thing was held up, depending upon the steel works, but the fact our naval authorities, and that battering ram is now fit only for remains-- the scrap heap. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. Mr. McNARY rose. Mr. BURLESON. I understand the gentleman from Massachu The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from illinois yield? setts intends, if this ;:~omendment carries, to move to strike out the :Mr.FOSS. No. Imustdeclinetoyieldjustnow. Mr.Chair- paragranh providing for the scout cruisers. man, it is infinitely better for us to have something back of us Mr. McNARY. Yes. something to stand upon-like the opinion of our naval authorities, Mr. BURLESON. I will not vote for this unless he does. whose business, whose profession, whose duty it is to recommend The CHAIRMAN. Debate on this amendment is exhausted. to the American Congress the best type and the best character of Several MEMBERS. " Vote I " " Vote! " ships. [Applause.] The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the adoption of the The CHAIRMAN. The question is upon the adoption of the amendment offered by the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. amendment of the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MeNARY]. McNARY]. :Mr. RYAN. Mr. Chairman, let us have the amendment read The question was taken; and there were-ayes 56, noes 81. again. Accordingly the amendment was rejected. There being no objection, the amendment was again read. The clerk read as follows: Mr. McNARY. Mr. Chairman, I desire, without any attempt Two colliers to be capable of accompanying the battle fleet; to carry 5, The Clerk read as follows: The CHAIRMAN. The Chair understands that there is at Amend by adding after the word "each," in line 4, page 71, the following: present no law directing where vessels of this character shall te ''Said c.olliers shall be built in the navy-yards, one on the Pacific and the built. This proposed amendment makes law on that subject by other 0:1 the Atlantic coast, and the same to be designated by the ·Secretary directing that they shall be built in the places indicated in the of the Navy." amendment. It has been repeatedly held that a provision in an Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order on that appropriation bill which makes law where none previously ex amendment. isted does change existing law in violation of the rule. There is The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Maryland will state some conflict of decision, as has appeared from the rulings cited, his point of order. upon provisions of this kind. It was ruled in the Fifty-sixth Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman,. I do not care to debate the point Congress, the present Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Moody, then in of order to any extent. the chair, that, there having been "no general law suggested to The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would like the gentleman to the Chair which would be altered by the amendment offered by state his point of order. the gentleman from New York, the Chair is compelled to think it Mr. MUDD. l\Iy point of order is that the proposed amend is in order, in the absence of any such statute, and therefore over ment is clearly and unequivocally a limitation UI,Jon or restriction rules the point of order." of the discretion of the Secretary, and points of order made to a But that decision itself was in conflict with previous decisions similar provision have been over and again held to be good on the that the making of law in an appropriation bill where none pre last appropriation bill and others. viously existed is itself a change of law, or is, as we say, legisla On s3veral occasions this proposition or one similar to it has tion upon an appropriation bill. In the Fifty-seventh Congress, been mude by a Member from California or from some State on about one year ago, on February 19,1903, the naval appropriation the Pacific coast, containing generally a provision giving a mar bill being then, as now, under consideration, an amendment was gin of 4 per cent discrimination to plants building ships on that offered providing: among other things, that "the Secretary of c0~t and cont3.ining also a mandatory clause that so many ships the Navy may build any or all vessels herein authorized in such should be built there, and on every occasion when a point of order navy-yards as he may designate; and shall build the vessels was m.::1de it was ruled out on the ground that it was new legisla herein authorized in such navy-yards as he may designate," etc. tion and on the further ground that it was a restriction of the The gentleman from Massachusetts, Mr. GILLETT, in the chair, discretion of the Secretary of the Navy. Perhaps it may be said ruled that the provision was out of order, saying: "To the Chair with greater propriety of language that both of these grounds are it seems perfectly clear that the provision in this section that the obnoxious to and are embraced within the prohibition of a change Secretary of the Navy shall build the ships at certain navy-yards of'· existing law" on a general appropriation bill. In my judg is a change of existing law because it limits the powers which ex me:at, also, this amendment is in no sense germane to anything isting laws give him." An appeal was. taken from his ruling. that precedes it in the paragraph or in the bill. Upon that appeal very exhaustive debate was had, at the conclu Mr. BELL of California. Mr. Chairman, I want to be heard sion of which the committee sustained the decision of the Chair on the point of order. by a vote of 109 to 88. That appears to be the last ruling upon The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will hear the gentleman. this precise point. Mr. BELL of California. As I understand the gentleman from The Chair will call attention to the distinction between a limi Maryland, his point of order runs to that portion of my amend tation upon an appropriation and a positive enactment which ment which relates to the Pacific and the Atlantic coasts. I do limits the powers of Government officers under existing laws. A not understand the gentleman raises any point of order as to om· mere limitation of the appropriation is in order. There is no right to direct that these colliers be built in the navy-yards of the oUigation on the House to appropriate at all, and therefore it Government, because, as I understand it, that point was ruled may provide that the money appropriated by it shall not be used upon in the second session of the Fifty-sixth Congress when Mr. in any except such manner as may be specified in the bill. A limi Moody, of Massachusetts, now Secretary of the Navy, was in the tation is best expressed in the negative, as that the appropriation chair, and it was then held by him that there was no existing law shall not be available unless used in a certain way. That leaves an requu:ing that these ships be built by contract, and therefore it option. The money can be used or not used, but if used it must was proper in an appropriation bill to direct that they be huilt be in the manner specified. No law is changed, because there is either by contract or in the navy-yards. no obligation to expend the money at all. But where an amend This amendment simply provides that these two colliers shall ment, or the bill itself, goes be ond that and places a limitation be built in the navy-yards and fm·ther states that one shall be which would not otherwise exist upon the discretion of one of built upon the Pacific coast and the other upon the Atlantic coast. the Executive Departments of the Government, forcing the head If Congress has the right, as has been held in committee and in of that Department to do certain things which otherwise he would the House, to direct that these vessels be built in the navy-yards, not be required to do, that is more than a limitation upon an have we not at the same time the right to direct which yards they appropriation. It is substantially a positive enactment requiring shall be built in? Now, we have a precedent in the Fifty-seventh him to spend the money, and to expend it as pointed out in the Congress where it was directed that at least one battle ship be act, which takes away the discretionaTy power vested in him by built in a navy-yard, and as a result of that one ship is now in previous authority of law. It is, in the opinion of the Chair, a process of construction in the navy-yard at Brooklyn. I would change in existing law and new legislation, and, finrnng that in like to ask the gentleman from Maryland if he simply directs his this amendment, the Chair is compelled to sustain the point of point of order against that part of my amendment which pro order. vides that one be built on the Pacific coast and one on the Atlantic Mr. BELL of California. Mr. Chairman, is the point of order coast? sustained as to the entire amendment? :Mr. MUDD. Mainly that, but the other provision also. They The CHAIRl\f.A.N. It is well settled that where there is in an both have been ruled against. amendment any provision which is out of order the whole amend Mr. BELL of California. One was ruled against. It was held ment falls with it. on a point of order in the first session of the Fifty-sixth Congress Mr. BELL of California. What I desire to ascertain, Mr. Chair that a provision directing the Secretary of the Navy to build in man, is whether the point of order would simply run as to the the navy-yard was not in order, and the point of order was sus designation of the navy-yards, for I would gladly modify that, if tained. But in the next session, the Fifty-sixth Congress, 1\Ir. that is objectionable, so that these colliers might be built in any Ncocly himself being in the chair, ruled that he could find no pro of the yards, leaving it to the discretion of the Secretary to select vision in the existing laws of the United States that required these the yard in each case. I desire now to make that modification, vessels to be built by contract, and subsequent to that Congress and I now offer my amendment as modified. dire~te d that one battle ship be built in the navy-yard, and that Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman,letushearwhattheamendmentis. ship is now being built at the Brcoklyn Navy-Yard. The CHAIRMAN. Has the gentleman sent his amendment to So, Mr. Chairman, I want to get straightened out on this, be the Clerk's desk? causGif the Chair sustains the point of order as to my right to des :Mr. BELL of California. Mr. Chairman, I will state the ignate the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts I shall modify my amend amendment. After the word "each," line 4, page 71, add the ment_so that the colliers may go to the navy-yards generally. It following language: "Said colliers shall be built in the navy seems to me to be unwise at this time to raise this point of order, yards.'' because the time may come, and come soon, when we will desire Mr. MUDD. Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order to that to build all our cruisers and ships in the navy-yards, and some that it is mandatory. · gentleman may rise and make a point of order preventing our Mr. BELL of California. Mr. Chairman, I would like to be doing so. heard just one moment, because while this matter may not be of I call the Chair's attention to the CmmRESSIONAL RECORD, the greatest importance at this time, it may be of supreme im second session of the Fifty-sixth Congress, pages 1414 to 1428. I portance on some future occasion, and these rulings may at some think the ruling is on page 1428. future time place this committee and this House in a very embar· • 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ~~385 rassing position, and may, in fact, shackle it so that it can not act power can stop. Now, this amendment affects only one phase of as it de3ires. Now, if it be true that there is no existing law as the question, and that is, Where shall we build the smaller ves to where this work shall be done, and that therefore we can not se1s that are provided for in this bill? Are we going to confess direct whe1·e it shall be done, then is not the very provision itself openly and publicly that the great navy-yards of this country, which confers upon the Secretary of the Navy the right to let planted upon the three coasts of America at an expenditure of these contracts to the lowest and best bidder subject to the same tens of millions of dollars, are impotent to discharge one of the point of orJer? .; highest purposes of their creation-that of building our .war ships? It seems that we have no law upon the subject. We are mak- Are we going to admit unreservedly before the world that while ing an appropriation. Now, whyhavewenot therightinmaking England and Germany and France can build their war ships in this appropriation to designate, not only the number of the ships their own yards as cheaply as they can have them built by pri that we shall bUild and the character of the ships that we shall vate enterprise-and the reports will show such to be the fact build, but also where they shall be built? The bill itself is in the here in America we can not do the same? cl.ternative. It gives the Secretary of the Navy the power to ask I know some of the objections that have been urged in the past for bids and t<1let contracts, or he may have them built in the to the navy-yard system. It has been alleged that it costs twice navy-yards; and, further, if he should find that there is any com- as much and takes twice as long to build our ships in those yards bination or trust that is conspiring to raise the price upon the as it does to build them in private yards, but I for one have not Government, it shall be his duty in such case-'· it shall be his seen the evidence in support of so startling an announcement. I duty,'' is the language; he is not allowed discretion-to build those for one am not prepared to accept as a fact so deplorable a condi in the Government yards of the country. Now, is not that Ian- tion of affairs unless sustained by the most satisfactory evidence. guage where you. direct him and you. say. you. shall do a thing I am not willing to admit that su.oh gross inefficiency exists upon upon a certain contingency, just as objectionable as the amend- the part of our Government. ment that I have offered? If those statements be true, then there has existed an ineffi- I believe that some liberality should be indulged in. I , for one, ciency that sh9u.ld have called for the most searching inve tiga am willing to rest upon the judgment and the judicial knowledge tion at the hands of Congress and if the allegations had been of the gentleman who sat in that chair, and who now is a member sustained would have warranted a revolution in navy-yard math of the Cabinet, when ho said that this point of order should not ods and a renovation in the officialdom of the Navy, so far as the be sustained. These colliers do not amount to much but it is yards were concerned. I believe those statements are exaggera the principle of the thing. Are we to surrender our right to say tions. Some of them have been innocently made, but most of the that we shall use the public yards of this country for the purpose defamation of our navy-yards has come from men who were of constructing our battle ships? counting the dollars and cents and who found it profitable to I ask that the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. MUDD] withdraw defame the Government yards of this country. There are, un his point, in order that this committee at this time may say fortunately, men sordid enough and base enough to stoop to any whether or not some of these vessels which we are generously thing in order that they may divert public moneys from certain providing for shall not be built in the navy-yards of the country. channels into their own pockets; yet I believe that if you would I will leave it to the Secretary of the Navy to select any of the call the roll of all the yards in existence to-day and would consult dozen Government yards in the country; but let us carry on the their commandants and constructOI's, if you would go to the Navy work of experiments as we are doing and have these ships built Department and there consult the Chief of the Bureau. of Con in this way. I will ask the gentleman to yield his point, in order stru.ction and Repair, you. would find that the yards of this conn that future Congresses may not be embarrassed by a ruling ad- try can do this work as cheaply and as well as the great ship- verse to this amendment at this time. building trusts and combines of our land. [Applause.] Mr. McDERMOTT. Will the gentleman from California [Mr. [Here the hammer fell.] BELL] allow me to suggest that a direction to build in certain Mr. BOWIE. I ask l:manimou.s consent that the gentleman yards is not allowable under the rules as.an amendment to this from California [Mr. BELL] be allowed five minutes more. bill, but an appropriation to pay for such vessels as may be built There was no objection. in those yards would be permissible? ~o that the gentleman may Mr. BELL of California. Now, Mr. Chairman, during the in- get at his point in that way. vestigation before the committee in 1900 much of the inebiciency Mr. BELL of California. I should like to have the ruling of existing or claimed to exist in the navy-yards was attributed to the Chair on my amendment. to the fad that they had become strong political factors that the The CHAIRMAN (Mr. OLMSTED). In the opinion of the Chair navy-yards had gone into politics and were used for political pur the amendment just offered is o~en to the objection made by the poses. I know that in the past such has been the case, but that gentleman from Maryland. This amendment is not a limitation condition of affairs has passed away. With the reformation of upon the appropriation; it is in the nature of a law-a command our election laws and the reformation in our public service through to the Secretary of the Navy to build these vessels in a certain civil service that condition has ceased to exist and never will re place. As the Chair has already attempted to make clear, it is turn. I know that at Mare Island some twenty-five years ago the within the power of the House to say, "We will appropriate men were lined up like a lot of sheep, were marched up to the money for a certain purpose, but no part of it shall b3 used un- polls, and voted, each one holding in his hand a "tapeworm" less in the way we direct.'' But under Rule XXI it is not within ticket. the power of the House, having appropriated the money, to ac- But these" tapeworm" tickets are no longe7used, and they are company the appropriation with a command which is itself legis- now merely looked upon as curiosities, and the old condition of lation changing existing law. demoralization does not exist. The yards can not now be used Mr. BELL of California. I fully comprehend the ruling of the for political purposes. Under our system of balloting and hold Chair, and a way has been suggested by which I can meet, I ing elections a man can walk into a booth ~ and in the privacy of think, the views of the Chair and also of the gentleman who made that booth he can register the dictates of his conscience and there this point of order. exercise, untrammeled and unaffected by outside influences, the I move to amend by inserting after the word " each." in line 4, greatest privilege of the American citizen. page 71, the following: "and none of the appropriation for the And then, again, I have heard it urged in support of this ex foregoing purposes shall be used for any colliE~rs not built in the cessive-cost theory that in the navy-yards men can only be re; yards owned by the United States Government." qu.ired to work eight hours a day, while in private yards men are The CHAIRMAN. The question is upon the amendment of- worked nine, ten, and eleven hours a day. But, gentleman, it is fered by the gentleman from California. a most shameful assertion whenever it is claimed that we hou.ld Mr. BELL of California. In offering this amendment, having take advantage of that fact. for its object the construction of these two colliers in the navy- True it is that the men at the Mare Island Navy-Yard or any yards of the United States, I am well aware that I am touching other navy-yard can not be compelled to work more than eight upon a subject that has received considerable attention in previous hours a day, and it is equally true that in 1892 we spread upon sessions of Congress. I am well aware that this subject was fully the statute books of this country a law that no man, laborer, me. and amply discussed in the sessions of tr-.3 Fifty-sixth Congress, chanic, or otherwise, could be compelled to work more than eight but I believe that such changes have occurred in the meantime hours a day upon a job of the Government, whether it was let by that we ou.gh t now to give the rna tter our further and our earnest con tract or otherwise. I know that the decision of a former A ttor consideration. ney-General has had the effect to nullify this law to a certain extent, It must be apparent even to the dullest mind that we intend to but the law is there, and I do not believe the great Congress of increase the great American Navy until it shall become the mis- the United States is going to seek an advantage, is going to accept tress of all the seas. There may be some differences of opinion the fruits of the wrong of some one else. When you Sa.F that you among us, but those differences all run to the question of the rate should build these ships in private yards because they can work of incre a~e , not the fact of increase itself. . · their men more than eight hours a day, you are becoming a party . Navy building in America has attained a momentum that no to the crime of those shipbuilders and those contractors, because XX.XVIII-150 2386 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, they are violating the letter and the spirit of the law whlch says Mr. McMORRAN was recognized. they shall not work men more than eight hom:s a day. Mr. FOSS. I ask the Chairman to direct the conection to be Again, su~pose some man Bhould rise in this Chamber and say made, so that one of these colliers shall be built in a navy-yard. we ought to build these ships by contract because the contractors The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is not in possession of the amend can steal their material and therefore build the ships more cheaply. ment as it now stands. Why, anyone making such a suggestion as that would inour the Mr. FOSS. I will offer an amendment, if it is agreeable to the scorn of every one of his colleagues in this House. 1Ie would call gentleman. down upon himself the just cenBure of every good citizen in Mr. BELL of California. I would like to offer the amendment. America; and yet that argument is akin to the other. You say The amendment will be simply to provide that on_e of these ships because a contractor can work his men over hours and violate the shall be built in the navy-yard. Add after the word" each," in Jaw he can do the work more cheaply than the Government can. line-4, "Provided, That one of _said colliers shall be built in a Gov The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. ernment navy-yard." Mr. BOWIE. I ask tmanimous consent that the gentleman Mr. FOSS. I accept that. from California be allowed to proceed another five minutes, as he Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman.-- has not finished his remarks. The CHAIR.MAN. Does the gentleman desire to be heard on The CHAIR!IAN. The gentleman from Alabama asks -unani the amendment? mous consent that the gentleman from California be permitted Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I hope the amendment will be to continue his remarks for five minutes. Is there objection? adopted- 'There was no objection. The CffAIRMAN. The Chair had recognized the gentleman Nr. BELL of California. Now, Mr. Chairman, in 1900 the from 1\Iichigan. committee listened to the testimony of three of the most promi Mr. McMORRAN. I desire to ask the gentleman in charge of nent naval constructors of America-Constructor Bowles, Con the bill several questions with respect to these colliers. Is it not structor 'Stahl, and Constructor Baxter-and also at that time a fact that you can go into the open market and buy colliers-of listened to "the opinion of Admiral Hichborn, the Chief of the the description named in the bill on thirty-six hours' notice? Bureau of Construction. Mr. FOSS. Yes; you can go upon the market and buy mer~ :Mr. FOSS. Will the gentleman yieldior a question? chant colliers, but can not buy naval colliers. You can not buy The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from California yield such colliers as our naval officers desire. They only recommend to the gentleman from Illinois? these two colliers, and want them in connection with the two Mr. BELL of California. Yes. great squadrons, one in the Atlantic and the other in the Pacific. Mr. FOSS. Did not Admira1 Bowles in his testimony say that, Mr. McMORRAN. I understand the definition of a collier to in his opinion, it would cost 25 per cent more to build ships in be a vessel capable of carrying coal far the war ships. Now, any navy-yards than by private contract? ship that will carry 5}000 tons of coal and will run 16 miles an Mr. BELL of California. I do not know w.bether he did or-not. hour should be suitable for a collier. Now, if it is a fact that If the gentleman says he did, I will accept his statement. this Government can go into the open market at any and all times Mr. FOSS. Yes. I want to say to the gentleman that -perhaps and buy a collier at one-fifth of the amount set out in this appro we can come to some agreement on this. Will the gentleman pl;ation, I would like to ask the chairman whether it is good yield for a moment-to me? policy for this Government to appropriate five times the amount 1\fr. BELL of California. Certainly. necessary for the purchase of a collier? Mr. FOSS. I want to recall to the gentleman the fact that we Mr. .FOSS. In thB first place, I can not agree with the state are now constructing the battle ship Connecticut in theNew York ment of the gentleman that you can •go out and buy a collier yard. such. as the naval authorities recommend for one-fifth of what it Mr. J3ELL of California. That is true. costs to build this collier, either by contract or at a navy-yard. Mr. FOSS. And that we are constructing the Louisiana, a ship l\11·. McMORRAN. I will say this: That a collier with a capac of the same type and character and tonnage, at Newport News. ity of 5,000 tons of coal and a speed of 16 miles an hour can be We are making the experiment in the construction of battle ships purchased, in my judgment, for $250,000. And they can be built to see whether o1· not we can build cheaper in Government navy for less money than that. Now, I have in my hand a morning yards than under private contract. paper which contains a statement concerning the letting of a con~ Mr. BELL of California. Yes. tract with the American Shivbuilding Company for a vessel car Mr. FOSS. Well now, I want to suggest to my friend -that we rying 10,000 gross tons, twice the length of this collier you require, had Constructor Capps before us, and he said that he had not got and for the information of the House I will read it. ten along far enough in the construction of the Connecticut io be LEVIATHAN OF THE r..AKES. able to ru·rive at any comparative statement of cost between the Another mammoth steel fi•eighter is building at this point- Connectimd and the Louisiana., butthat he would notrecommend This is Lorain, Ohio- building any large ships in a Government navy-yard. The keel for it has already been laid. and it will be longer by 60 feet than Mr. BELL of California. Let me ask you a question. Will any that are now on the Lakes. It will be 560 feet long, and it will be launched you yield to me? nerl April. Its building will mark a revolution in lake commerce, for it has been commonly supposed that the maximum length has bean reached in 500 Mr. FOSS. Yes. feet. Mr. BELL of California. You recognize the difference be The American Shipbuilding Company is building the big frei.Jmter. She tween a collier and a great war ship? will have a beam of 56 feet, a depth of 3"2 feet, her keel measures 540 feet, and Mr. FOSS. Yes. she is to have 32 hatches. Mr. BELL of California. Do you not think that with these two It is figured that the new ship will caTry 10,000 tons gross. colliers the United Sta~es might well continue its experiments ·and Now, you appl'Opriate here$1,250,000 to build a collier of 5,000 arrive at even better results? tons carrying capacity; and it strikes me that if the Government Mr. FOSS. Now, right on that point; that is just what I was can go into the market at any time and buy its colliers, it is poor coming to. I will say that I am not entirely opposed to this, but policy to pay $1,250,000, and at the same time realize that when I want to get at some result from it. I want to obtain knowledge that collier is built it brings upon this GoveTnment the e.xpen .. e which will be of future benefit here in the House of Representa of keeping a crew there for all time. [Applause.] iives. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I am upon Now, I would suggest that if the gentleman desires to build one general principles unalterably opposed to the Government mak- of these colliers in a Government navy-yard, out and out, and ing or manufacturing anything except-- , 1... then build the other by a pl.'ivate contract, so as to have a basis The CHAIRMAN. The Chair understood the gentleman from of comparison on the proposition of cost between the building Michigan had concluded his remarks; but it seems he had not. under private contract and the Government yard, I would accept 'Mr. McMORRAN. I supposed the gentleman was going to ask that amendment. Would not that be agreeable to the gentleman? me some question. Mr. BELL of California. Will you let it include one of the Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Oh, no. scout cruisers also and one collier? Mr. McMORRAN. Now, Mr. Chaiiman, I would like the Mr. FOSS. No; just one collier. further information, whether as a business proposition it would M.r. BELL of California. So long as the gentleman thinks this not be better for this Committee on Naval Affairs for the present, experunent is so good, why not make it in the other? in consideration of the business interests of this country, to with Mr. FOSS. I am not saying it is good; but I am willing to do draw that appropriation of 1,250,000 and strike it out entirely? it in this case. I want to do it for our own benefit in securing The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Michigan illlonnation. . has expired. :Mr. BELL of California. Providing that one of these colliers Mr. McMORRAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous _consent shall be built in a navy-yard. that I be given five minutes more time. Mr. FOSS. I will agree to -that amendment. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Michigan asks unani Mr. BELL of California. I accept the amendment. [Ap- mous consent that his time be extended for five minutes. Is there plause.] objection? [After a paUBe.] The ChaiJ.· hears none. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2387 Mr. McMORRAN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the en navy-yard, in comparison with a private yard, yon are going to tire paragraph carrying the appropriation of $1,250,000 for two come out on the wrong side of the ledger, of course, because they colliers. have the skilled labor, the experience, the routine, and all of that. Mr. FOSS. Mr. Chairman, I do not think that motion is in order The first great battle ship or cruiser yon build, compared in cost at present. with the same type of vessel built in a private yard, is going to The CHAIRMAN. The motion is not in order. bring the balance against the Government on the cost of building, Mr. FOSS. But it may be in order a little later. I will say, for the reason that I have stated. But as yon train your men and Mr. Chairman, that this recommendation came to us from the gen get them accustomed to the grooves in which they must live in eral board, and in the Secretary's hearing he speaks of these col order to complete this work, then the product becomes itself liers and gives here the reasons of the general board. Now, when cheaper and cheaper. the Secretary was before the committee he stated the reasons for There is this much to be said, at any rate. The item of profit the recommendation of the general board in regard to these two is cut out. When the Government builds its own ~hip, makes its • colliers, and this is the language of the general board: own powder, and makes its own cannon, the item of profit is Squadron colliers-that is, colliers of steam high enough to accompany and eliminated. Now, if the Government can build as cheaply as a capacity adequate to supply the fleet-do not exist in the merchant marine priv-ate yard, then of course the Government will have to pay and can not be improvised. . less, because it has to pay its own profit. If it can not build quite Now, when the Secretary of theNavy came before us he recom as cheaply, yet if it can build less than the cost in a private ship mended that these colliers be put in the bill. Now, on the gen yard, it places the profit itself still ahead, and if it pays a little eral proposition of building colliers I am free to say to the gen bit more it is worth something to have the matter of necessary tleman that I sympathize to some extent with him, but as to the self-defense under governmental control and management. building of these two particular colliers, squadron colliers, spe Now, one other point; something has been said about the fact cially adapted for the two great squadrons, I think that we ought that the Government could not build as cheaply because the Gov to do it and build them adequate in capacity and swift enough in ernment navy-yards work their men a less number of hours than speed, and in accordance with the recommendations of the De the private yards. All the better. If this thing will incidentally, partment and the Secretary of the Navy. or in some other way, redound to the benefit of American labor, Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, will my col that will certainly be no objection to it; and if it willlSet a shin league allow me to ask him a question? ing example in favor of old Sir Matthew Hale's division of time The CHAIRJ\1AN. The gentleman from :Michigan has the floor. eight hours for work, eight hours for sleep, eight hours for wor Mr. McMORRAN. Mr. Chairman, I concede that all naval ship, education, and edification-all the better. [Applause.] officers want the very best equipment that they can have- Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last Mr. FOSS. Yes. two words. It is quite evident that the gentleman from Michigan Mr. McMORRAN (continuing). But there is one unfortunate [Mr. McMORRAN] has entirely misunderstood the nature andre thing about the whole transaction, and that is that the naval offi quirements of these two naval colliers. He speaks of a collier cers do not have to foot the bills. The people of this country have just being laid down somewhere on the Great Lakes as having a to foot these bills, and we are here voting the people's money and speed of 16 knots and carrying 5,000 tons cargo. But that sort of not the money of naval officers. Now, no private corporation in a collier would not answer as a naval collier for a moment. It this country, with a fleet of battle ships such as we are building could not for a moment fill the place of the colliers designed in and with the knowledge that they could go into the open market this bill. What is wanted by the Navy Department are two col and buy colliers at any time, would consent to pay two and a half liers that will have, in addition to the capadty to carry 5,000 tons · million dollars for two colliers which we do not need and may of coal, sufficient capacity to carry coal enough to enable them to never need. I assume that a collier can be built on the Pacific steam 8,000 miles. That is what is wanted-an entirely different or Atlantic suitable for carrying 5,000 tons and a capacity of from ship from the ordinary collier th~t will go up and down the lakes, 16 to 20 miles an hour if necessary, sUfficient to carry out the touching at one port and another. The collier that is wanted here wants of the Navy, for a sum not to exceed from $300,000 to is one that has additional space for coal enough to carry them $350,000. Now, if that is trne, why should we appropriate across the ocean. $1,250,000? Furthermore, the colliers designed for the Navy must be of a · Mr. FOS3. Now, the gentleman is making some statements, much stronger construction than the ordinary merchant collier, and I would be glad if he would go down t~ the Navy Depart because it is designed to coal the battle ship at sea, which naval ment and try and reconcile those estimates with the estimates of officers will tell yon is a most dangerous proceeding, dangerous the Board of Construction as to the cost of colliers and as to the especially to the collier, which is not ordinarily built as strong as cost of these colliers. It seems to me that he is making a rather a battle ship. Furthermore, the collier designed in this bill is a extravagant statement. collier that would be fitted with special appliances for coaling Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. If my friend will permit, I think ships at sea. The collier the gentleman from Michigan Rpeaks of the Navy Department might get some useful information from is a collier that we see on the Atlantic coast, made a little larger the gentleman from Michigan. He has had a good deal of expe than the ordinary collier, but they do not themselves have the rience- appliances for handling coal. They have no apparatus for han Mr. FOSS. That is why I recommend that he go down to the dling the coal taken from their own holds. They go np alongside Navy Department and try and reconcile the estimates. of the wharf or a shed or a coal pocket where there is machinery Mr. McMORRAN. If these colliers were to be built in a navy to hoist the coal out and put it·into the coal pocket. yard of the Government I have no doubt they would cost at least They have not the machinery to take that coal out of the hold $500,000 apiece, but I can not conceive they would cost $1,250,000. and put it on a neighboring ship. That is why these colliers cost If the estimate of the Secretary is correct that it will cost more· than the ordinary colliers. $1,250,000 to build each of these colliers, I think it is fnll time Mr. McMORRAN. Mr. Chairman,doesthegentlemansaythat the Government abandoned building its own colliers. the ordinary collier does not have facilities for taking the coal out The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. of tbe hold? Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I believe there Mr. ROBERTS. That is true. is only one exception to the general principle that the Govern Mr. McMORRAN. Did the gentleman ever see one that did ment ought not to go into the manufacturing business of any sort not have it? · or into private business. I believe, however, that an exception Mr. ROBERTS. Why, Mr. Chairman, I have seen as many does exist in the case of articles that are manufactured for self colliers, I venture to say, as the gentleman from Michigan, and defense, articles that are purely govermnental and absolutely nec none of them are equipped with .apparatus for hoisting the coal essary for self-defense-cannon, torpedoes, powder, ships, and out of the hold. They come up alongside of the pocket and there things of that sorn. I think that the question of mere economy is machinery on the shore that does the business. Those colliers ought not to cut quite as much of a figure as the gentleman from are not large enough to carry that heavy and expensive and com illinois would attach to it. Even if it costs a little bit more money plicated machinery to lift that coal out and deposit it alongside. to build ships and cannon and make armor plate in Government Furthermore, Mr. Chairman, he speaks of the ease with which navy-yards, it would still be better to make them there, because colliers t.o fill these requirements can be pm·chased. The general then yon are independent of everybody except the Government in board of the Navy tell us that these colliers are not now in exist case of great emergency, and great emergencies may arise at any ence and can not now be improvised, and yet the gentleman would tune. · have us strike these two items out because a collier which will, I shall support the proposition of the gentleman from California according to his ideas, meet the requirements is to be built on [Mr. BELL] in the hope that later _on, before the discussion is over, Lake Michigan or some one of the Great Lakes. we may go yet further and order that all of the lesser craft pro How long would it take, or would it, indeed, be possible in time vided for in the bill, everything except the two cruisers and the of war, to get those colliers out of the lakes and down to the port battle ship-all the colliers and scouts shall be built in the navy of New York, or Norfolk, or San Francisco, or wherever they are yards. wanted? The idea is to have these colliers ready to go with a When fOU first build a battle ship or a scout or a collier in a flying squadron at a moment's notice, if necessary, to the other 2388· CONGRESS! ON AL -RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, side of the earth, and yon can not g"o out hrto the market, even survey-to b2 mad. of the ha.rbor of Feriumdino., Fla,, with a 'ViGw to estab .l:icllll:g. a harbOT lin~ an?- to determining the ne essa.ry improvemen fOl' if there were hundreds such, and buythem at a moment s notice proVIding a harbor of uniform and adequate depth for oces.n-going vessels. geti-them loaded with coal and at the point whereyour·fieet may Senate concUI'l'ent resolution No. (5. be, raady to start with them; and an hour's delay m· a day'£ daley Rcsol-z:ed by the Senate (the House of Representatives concun'ing) That the may be fatal to-the success of -the undm·taking. I trust these two Secretary of War be, o.nd he :is hereby, authorized and directed to c:luse a items will remain in this bill. They ID"e urgently needed for the sun·ey to be made and estimates to be submitted of the cost of e.xeniling the area of light-draft anchorage in the southern -part of the harbor at N ewpoxt proper equipment of this Navy. R.l • Mr. .1\IcMORRAN. Mr. Chainnrm, a pmliam8Iltary inquiry. The message also announced that tbe Senate bad ·passed with The CHAIR~N. The gent1eman will state it. out amendment billi! of theioTiowing titles: M.r. McMORRAN. Is my motion to $ike out the paragraph H. R. 6345. An act for the re1ief of the State oflowa; still 'Pending? . H. R. 8435 . ..An act to amend the act of Congress of Marcil 11 • The CHAIRMAN. The motion t I 1904. OONG·RESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2:389 tion llas existed for the last fifteen years until the last Congress, ing law in several particulars. It provides specifically that the and that all the Tessels, so far as I know, that have ever been contract shall be awarded by the SecTetary of the Navy to the constructed on the Pacific coast have been constructed 11nder this lowest and best responsible bidder, but that not more than three protection. of the vessels provided for in this act shall be built oy one con Now, I desire to say further that not only was this protection tracting party, which is legislation and a change of existing law. given to tlle battle ship now being constructed at Seattle, but in Now, it has been held, as may be seen by reference to page addition to that fact, when it was discovered that the contractor 348 of the Manual, that a paragraph which changes existing law could not build it at the price bid, the patriotic people of Seattle being allowed by general consent to remain, it may be perfected in twelye hours subscribed a bonus of 100,000 and gave it to the by any germane amendment. The Chair therefore overrules the builder in order that he might accept the contract. point of order. We have constructed some vessels upon the Pacificcoastforthe The question is upon the amendment offered by the gentleman ·Navy, and we are justly proud of the record. We constructed from Washington. the l.Ionte1'e7.J. We constructed the magnificent Olympia that Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, the point of bore Dewey on thathistoricdayat Manila. Wehaveconstructed order having been overruled, the question comes up on its merits. the great Oreaon, the wonder of the seas, the most marvelous This is a fair sample of the degeneration of reason and the dis fighting machine that the deft cunning of hand and brain has ease of imagination that comes from a system of protectionism. ever yet wrought, and to-day we are building at Seattle a battle Here is a proposition now deliberately to pay cnt of the publi~ ship that will be greater in size, more terrible in battle, as per Treasury 4 per cent mm·e to people in a certain section of thu fect in constn1ction as the heretofore matchless Oregon. United States for doing certain work than is paid to other peop!e We have an advantage in climate in evenness of temperature, in other sections for doing exactly the same work. Where is it that enables us to construct these mighty monsters of steel more going to stop? perfectly than is possible upon the Atlantic coast. Mr. CUSHMAN. Is the gentleman aware that this same pro By actual test by the test of battle, this statement has been vision has been in the naval bill heretofore? chanaed from argument to demonstration. When the Govern Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Perfectly aware of it. mentpays 4 per cent more for the construction of a vessel upon Mr. CUSHMAN. Why did not the gentleman raise his Toice the Pacific coast, outside of the question of policy, it gets more against it before? than it pays for. But we ask this protection, not only on the Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. It happened not to be my re ground of wise public policy, not only on the ground of more per sponsible duty to do that. fect construction, but, as the gentleman has said, as a protection Mr. CUSHMAN. Is it your duty now? to our industries upon that coast. _ :Ur. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Yes, it is now· it always is. [Here the hammer fell.] Whenever a question of inequality comes up, it is the duty of any Mr. JONES of Washington. I ask unanimous consent that my man who has been imagined to be fit to represent the Democratic colleague ha\e five minutes more. party or to stand for it to raise his voice. There was no objection. Mr. CUSHMAN. That is exactly the reason why I asked you Mr. HUMPHREY of Washington. Mr. Chairman, never did why you did not raise the objection before. we need this protection so sorely as we need it to-day. Not since Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I frankly confess to the gen the keel for the first ship was laid upon Puget Sound has our tleman that, as is the case with himself and a great many other shipping been in a condition so deplorable as now. Pra{}tically Members upon this floor, a great many things have gone into the the only work that is being done in our shipyards is work upon statute laws of the United States that I did not know anything the ships of the Navy. about at the time. It was not then my special duty to notice it. One other point: The company now carrying on this construction I was thoroughly astounded a moment ago to learn that this same at Seattle does not belong to the trust. It is an independent com sort of a provision had appeared in previous laws of the United pany, and that in it elf ought at least to entitle it to fair treat States. ment. I think it is better that the Government should pay 4 per But a wrong does not make it right to repeat a wrong. It cent more upon one vessel than that there should be no competi neTer can. Nobody but the narrow intellect of the lawyer, when tion upon any. I call the attention of gentlemen on the other side he is nothing but a la"\vyer, ever had an idsla that a precedent of the Honse, who are always so anxious and willing to fight constituted a right. trusts with their vocabulary, to the fact that here is an opportu Now, :Mr. Chairman, how far is this sort of thing to go? After nity to hit the grasping octopus with their votes. [Applause.] a while when the Post-Office Department wants to get certain Now: this advantage has always been allowed us until the last material, when the War Department wants it, when the Interior CongTess. It is just, it is right; our shipyards need the protec Department wants certain work done, are we to say that we must tion, and therefore I say, in all fairness, we ought to have it. pay 4 per cent more if it is done on the Pacific slope than if it is [Applause.] . done in Mississi])pi, or 3 per cent more if it done in Pennsylvania l\Ir. RIXEY. I should like to ask the gentleman a question. than if it is done in New Jersey? Mr. HUMPHREY of Washington. Certainly. The p:rotection of the United States against the balance of the 1\fr. RIXEY. Does the gentleman mean to say that all the ship world has been partially . dignified by the adherence of a great yards on the eastern coast are in a trust? many men of intelligence, but protection of one part of the United 1\Ir. HUMPHREY of Washington. No, sir; I do not mean to States against another is mere disease of the imagination in eco· say anything of the kind. ' nomics, and this is as good a time to strike it down as any other The CHAIR1\IAN. Does the Chair understand the gentleman time that can possibly present itself. from Virginia [Mr. RIXEY] to insist on his point-of 01·der? Mr. FOSS. Mr. Chairman, I desire to call the attention of the Mr. RIXEY. I do. committee to the reason why this was stricken out, and I may as The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will ask the gentleman to state well .read what I said on the floor one year ago. I will say to the it more specifically. gentleman, ad It is somewhat surprising, however, to think that the gentle ture of things and by virtue of geographical location it is possible man from Mississippi, who was so earnestly in favor of a million for the Atlantic coast people to build a battle ship cheaper than it dollar appropriation being made at this same session of Congress can possibly be built on the Pacific coast. This is because nine to protect the cotton industry of Texas from the ravages of the tenths of all the material that goes into every battle ship is manu devastating cotton worm, can work himself up into such a tre factured very near the Atlantic coast. mendous spasm of virtue over this provision. That was a provi All the heavy steel work is done on the Atlantic coast, and I sion to appropriate money to protect an agricultural industry of think that statement is equally true regardless of the way in which the South. you spell the word "steel." [Laughter.] All the large steel This is a provision to appropriate money to protect a manufac plates and all ·the heavy material that go into a battle ship are turing industry of the West. He was in favor of that. He is produced on or near the Atlantic coast, and from there they must against this. I always admire the somersaulting proclivities of a be transported to whatever place the battle ship is to be built. political acrobat whenever I am privileged to witness them. And if a battle ship is to be built on the Pacific coast at all, the Permit me, Mr. Chairman, to remark in passing that I am not Pacific coast contractor must ship all this heavy material, hun only in favor of the passage of this naval appropriation bill, but dreds and thousands of tons: across the continent and pay 75 cents I most cordially support the policy behind this bill, which is the per hundred freight charges on it. policy of building a large United States navy of modern con Now, then, some g-entlemen on the Naval Committee-and they struction and equipment. are gentlemen, too, whether they agree ~th us or not-some I am utterly unable to agree with the statements of those who gentlemen on the Naval Committee will probably tell you that a claim that a great navy is an invitation for war. On the con contractor can build a battle ship on the Pacific coast as cheaply trary, in my judgment, it is a command for peace. Both in a as it can be built on the Atlantic coast. I do not mean to be of national and an individual sense he who is prepared for attack and fensive when I say that is not true. All it requires to demon capable of defense is less likely to be assaulted than the weakling strate its falsity is a rudimentary knowledge of arithmetic-just who depends upon a peaceful disposition, with no means at hand plain addition and subtraction. to compel respect for his opinions or regard for his rights. When a man can prove to me that it is as great a distance from Now, I am not only in favor of a large modern navy, but I am Pittsburg to New Jersey as it is from Pittsburg to Seattle, or that in favor of having the same built in the cheapest practicable man the freight rates are the same, then I will believe that statement, ner that will produce satisfactory,.results. And that is the exact and not before. reason why I am to-day supporting this amendment to give a 4 They may tell you that some man on the Pacific coast at one per cent preferential rate to Pacific coast constructors on one na time bid less on one vessel than some Atlantic coast bidder. Mr. val vessel to be built on the Pacific coast. Chairman, that is a mighty small foundation on which to build Now, then, there is only one principJe in all this wide world up a great system of procedure. You can't ship material clear that keeps down the price of anything-and I don't care whether across the continent and pay freight on it and then compete in the article is a bag of peanuts or a battle ship-and that one thing price of construction with a man whose manufacturing plant is that keeps down all prices is competition. When you take the within the shadow of the steel works. element of competition out of any contest involving price. you When this same question was up for discussion on this floor a have then lost the last anchor. You, the purchaser, are then help year ago I read and placed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD on less as regards the cost of the article. February 19, 1903, page 2401 of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the If it is an article that you are obliged to have, and one single letters and statements of Pacific coast builders fully sustaining person or combine controls the cost, the price that they will wring this position which I now take. . out of you will only be limited by the degree of your necessity Yon can't get the heavy material from the factory to the Pacific and the extent of their avarice. Those statements are axiomatic. coast as cheaply as you can get it from the factory to the Atlantic Thev are fundamental. coast. Now then, it is to the interest of this Government for numer Therefore it is a physical and financial impossibility for the ous rea'sons to have part of the battle ships for our Navy built on Pacific-coast shipyard to build a battle ship as cheaply or to bid the Pacific coast. as low on its construction as the Atlantic-coast concern. First, it is advis~ble to build part of our battle ships on the And for these reasons we have to-day offered and are support Pacific coast because experience has taught this nation that the ing this amendment to the naval appropriation bill, which amend very best specimens of naval architecture, not of this nation ment in substance provides that the Secretary of the Navy sh:dl alone but of the world, have been turned out of the Pacific coast give a 4 per cent preferential to Pacific-coast bidders over Atlan yard;. Second, ~t is ad~able that part .of competition in bidding if the -gentleman wanted to buy lmnber1 lutely controlled by trusts, yes. If we can bring up the other in let ns say, between the treeless plains and the balance of the dustries without injuring those existing, yes. country. Then.yon would advocate-because that was true, yon Mr. WILLIA.MS of Mississippi. In the illustration· I ·have of would give a bidder from the treeless plain country a 4 per cent fered there was no question of trJ:tsts. The gentleman says he advantage when the Government wanted to buy lumber-? would give a bonus in Government contracts for the purpose of Mr. CUSHMAN. Mr. Chairman, I may be untlSually dull, but creating a forest in some part of the country. Then I ask him I confess I do not see the applicability of that question in this whether he will follow that out to its ultimate end and will say controversy. that he is in favor, by protection, in contracts or otherwise, of Mr. WILLIAMS of 1\I.ississippi. But the gentleman a moment building up one American industry in competition with another ago said that the reason why we co~d not build ships as cheaply American industry within American territory? on the Pacific coast was that they do not have the steel and they Mr. JONES of Washington. If it results in the general good would have to transport it. of the people and to the Government and without injnry to the Mr. CUSHMAN. Yes; we are obliged to transport both kinds. existing industry, I say yes. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi 'l"'b.e reason why men could Mr. WILLLUIS of Mississippi. I thought protectionism hith not furnish timber as cheap from a treeless plain country would erto was a question between us and foreign 11ations. I wanted to be because they did not have the timber and would have to trans know how far we had got along. port it there before they could sell it. Then would yon in the Mr. JONES of Washington. Oh, we are getting along very matter of Government contracts gi've those men an advantage of well. · 3, 4, or 5 per cent in bidding for Government work? Mr. MORREL.L. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a Mr. CUSHMAN. Not necessarily, because I do not consider question? there is any comparison between the two propositions. I might Mr. JONES of Washington. Certainly. say that we appropriated in this House-and the gentleman sup Mr. MORRELL. Does the gentleman know how long the bat ported it--.a million of dollars to protect the cotton industry of tle ship Nel:Jra.ska, now being constructed on the Pacific coast, has Texas, because that industry needed protection. Why can we been under construction? not appropriate a few dollars with equal consistency to protect Mr. JONES of Washington. I do not know; but a year and a the shipbuilding in&ustry on the Pacific coast, which needs it? half or two years, I suppose. Now, let me state one other matter that in the haste of my re :Mr. MORRELL. Practically two years. Does the gentleman marks I have overlooked. Another proposition that ought to know what percentage of the battle ship has been completed? appeal to the gentleman from Mississippi is this: We need a por Mr. JONES of Washington. I do not; but I know there is a tion of our naval vessels on the Pacific coast after their construc reason for the condition she is in. tion. Experience has taught this nation that the very best spec Mr. MORRELL. I will give the gentleman the information- imens of naval architecture, not of this nation alone, but of the 37 per cent. world, have been tnrned out of the Pacific coast yards. Mr. JONES of Washington. Let me ask the gentleman from Now, does the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. WILLIA.MS] Pennsylvania if a yard in Pennsylvania has ever completed a bat consider that there would be any material difference in principle tle ship within the time limited in the contract? between paying this additional4 per centand having one of these Mr. MORRELL. Yes. vessels constructed on the Pacific coast, where we need it, and Mr. JONES. I would like to know the name of it. transporting it around the Horn and paying 4 per cent of oost.for Mr. MORRELL. The shipbuilding firm of Cramp&Sons have doing so? built seveTal battle ships within the time limited. 1\Ir. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Oh, yes; I can imagine that Mr. JONES of Washington. I would like to know the name there would be an appreciable difference. Now, I am not an ex of one battle ship. pert upon that question and I really do not know the figures, but Mr. MORRELL. I can not give the gentleman the names, be I have no idea that a trip, say, from New York or Norlolk to San cause I am not sufficiently informed. Francisco would cost 4 per cent of the entire cost of a battle Mr. JONES of Washington. In answer to the intimation of ship. the gentleman from Pennsylvania that the Moran Brothers are Mr. CUSHMAN. I am frank to say neither dol think such a behind in their contractt I wish to read a telegram that I have trip would cost 4 per cent of the cost of the battle ship1 but I from them here, as follows: merely stated that as one of the additional reasons entitled tQ We are not behind contract, as extended, in construction of battle ships. some weight in the consideration of this matter. There were a MORAN Bnos. CO. great many people in the United States who would have gladly We do not deny that they have been delayed. They have been paid 400 per cent on the price of the battle ship Oregon if they delayed because the Department has not been able to furnish the could have gotten her around Cape Horn at one particular time. specifications and the plans, and because the Department has Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. We are not taking it for been changing the plans from time to time, and these people had granted that we are engaged necessarily in hostilities the minute to wait upon the Department. That is one reason they are be after a ship is built; we can not take that for granted. The gen hind. It is by no fault of theirs. One other reason is, and a reason tleman's question was whether I thought there was any great de that comes only in Republican times, that we had a strike out gree of diffe1·ence between paying 4 per cent bonus and carrying there that tied up the plant for a long time, and they were unable a ship, let us say, from New York to San Francisco. to work. We have been having prosperous times and there was My reply is, yes; 1 imagine that there is a very great deal of some inducement for men to strike; there was a chance for them difference. I have no idea that it costs 4 per cent of the cost of a to win. battle ship to can-y it from New York to San Francisco. Now, then, the proposition made by the chairman of the com Mr. CUSHMAN. I think the gentleman is right on that; I do mittee that the reason they opposed this proposition before was not think it does, either. because one bid upon one battle ship had been submitted at one Mr. JONES of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike time from the Pacific coast less than on the Atlantic coast. That ont the last word. may have happened, and probably did, but remember that the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Washington moves company that .submitted that bid was in the trust at the time it to strike ont the last word. In the absence of anyone who desi1·es was submitted. This only occurred once anyway, and I submit to speak opposing the amendment, the Chair will recognize the it is not a sufficient reason. The bids have been higher since, and gentlema.1:1 from Washington. therefore the reason fails. Mr. JONES of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I just desire to The CHAIR.l\IAN. The time of the gentleman from Washing say a few words, because more may have a bad effect. I desire ton has expired. first to reply to the proposition of the gentleman from Mississippi. Mr. CUSHMAN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent I will say to him if by giving the preference to which he refers it that the time of the gentleman may be extended for five minutes. would bring up a good forest where there is not any without loss The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Washington asks to any other forest, I would be in favor of it. unanimous consent that the time of his colleague be extended five Mr. WILLIAJtiS of Mississippi. Do yon ask me- minutes. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears - Mr. JONES of Washington. No; I am answering your proposi none. tion, and it seems to me that iS the only proposition here. A few Mr. JONES of Washington. Now, Mr. Chairman, what are years ago we received bids from the Pacific coast-- the facts in regard to the bids? The facts are that since that time Mr. WTI..LIAMS of Mississippi. Will the gentleman allow me the bids have exceeded the bids made upon the Pacific coast. a question? This fact shonld not be overlooked-that every battle ship built Mr. JONES of Washington. Certainly. upon the Pacific coast up to the present time and that is now Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I would liketoas'k the gentle building has been built and is being bnilt under and by virtue of man this question: Is he in favor, then, of building up or creating the very provi.....j_on which it is proposed to insert in this bill. an American industry by protection against other American in At the last -bidding called -for by the Navy Department there dustries within the United States? was only one bid submitted from the Pacific coast. and that bid Mr. JONES of Washington. If the other industries are abso- was submitted not by the Union Iron Works, of San Francisco, 2392 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.,· FEBRUARY 25, but by the new and struggling and competing yard at Seattle, Pacific coast States exclusively. It concerns all the States and' which sprang up under the fostering care of the Government. all the Territories. The extent of our country makes this so. They relied and had a right to rely upon the continuance of the The exigencies of war might prove it of the utmost national im policy that had been pursued for fifteen years. This is another portance. reason why they should have this encouragement. That bid, how We have in San Francisco really great private shipbuilding ever, was 6 per cent over the lowest bid of Cramp & Sons and 10 per plants. They should be kept enough employed to insure their cent over the bid for the two ships. The Moran Brothers, you have effectiveness for the purposes of the Government. In a large been told, submitted a bid for the ship they are now building. sense they are not private plants, though privately owned. The They were awarded the contract by being given the benefit of 4 per United States has a direct int-erest in their capacity for such serv cent and with the assistance of the patriotic and public-spirited ice as it may wish of them. people of Seattle, who raised $100,000 to help them out. With And thus it is not so much helping California as helping the this assistance and relying on the long-established policy of Con country when industrial inequalities between the Atlantic and gress they enlarged their plant and prepared to compete in this the Pacific States are so equalized by preferentials as that Pacific work. They should not be denied this encouragement now. The shipyards may be able to bid against eastern yards with reason Pacific must be manned by our ships, and good shipbuilding able opportunity to gain employment on such other work as the plants are a national necessity and should be promoted. Government withholds from its navy-yards. Will Congress refuse to these people of the Pacific coast aid that The preferential we are asked to restore in the case of Pacific· is not, as the gentleman from Mississippi would have you under yards is needful, if Pacific yards are to have a fair chance to con stand, entirely for the benefit of the Pacific coast, but is for the tinue serving the United States as builders of war ships. Let us benefit of the Government, for the benefit of the nation in build not forget the Olympia, the Oregon, and those other ships of war ing up other competing plants, plants that will bring to this Gov built by the Union Iron Works with such telling value to our ernment contracts cheaper and cheaper for the building of these country as to make them glorious throughout the world. great battle ships and be a great bulwark of safety in time of war? We may need other Oregons for later times of stress. We on the Pacific coast are proud of the vessels that we have con I hope the amendment will prevail. structed; their achievements are emblazoned upon the scroll of our The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, the amendment of the nation s history, and they have enriched the traditions of our Navy gentleman from New Jersey will be considered as withdl·awn. with victories most precious to us and humanity, and the g}ory The question is on the· amendment offered by the gentleman from they have brought to our flag will be a pricele s heritage to our Washington. posterity. I trust that this House, having the opportunity to give The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. us this assistance, will give it not for private gain, but for national Jol'I'"ES of Washington) there were-ayes 76, noes 98. advancement, and put a Government industry on the same plane So the amendment was rejected. it was for fifteen years prior to the last Congress. [Applause.] The Clerk read as follows: Mr. McDERMOTT. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment pro The Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized to contract for or pur viding that all ships mentioned in this bill shall be constructed chase two subsurface or two submarine torpedo boats at a cost not exceeding $500,00. Provided, That before any subsurface or submarine torpedo boat is within the State of New Jersey, and I want to say in advoctl.cy of purchased or contracted for it shall be accepted by the Navy Department as that proposition, which has so much merit upon its face tliat it fulfilling all reasonable req,uirements for submarine warfare and shall ha>e really needs no advocacy [laughter], that New Jersey is entitled been fully tested to the satisfaction of the Secr etary of the Navy. To carry out the purpose aforesaid the sum of t500, ber of amendments, and in view further of the fact that the minor REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND ity have given us notice that they propose to move to recommit this RESOLUTIONS. bill for the purpose of strilring out the provision for the increase Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, bills and resolutions of the follow oftheNavy- ing titles were severally reported from committees, delivered to Mr. WILLIAM W. KITCHIN. A part of it. the Clerk, and referred to the several Calendars therein named, Mr. FOSS. Or some part of it-in view of these facts, I move as follows: that the committee now rise. Mr. MARTIN, from the Committee on the Public Lands, to Mr. . ROBERTS. I ask that my right to the floor be reserved to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 56) to authorize me when the committee resumes its sitting. the State of South Dakota to select school and indemnity lands in The motion was agreed to. the ceded portion of the Great Sioux Reservation, and for other The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re purposes, reported the same with amendment, accompanied by a sumed the chair, Mr. OLMSTED, Chairman of the Committee of the report (No.1232); which said bill and report were referred to the Whole, reported that the committee having had under considera Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union. tion the bill H. R. 12220, the naval appropriation bill, had come to no resolution thereon. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND ~"'W.OLLED BILLS SIG:KED. RESOLUTIONS. Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions of the ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bill of following titles were severally reported from committees, de the following title; when the Speaker signed the same: livered to the Clerk, and referred to the Committee of the Whole H. R. 7287. An act to authorize the Mobile and West Alabama House, as follows: Railroad Company to construct and maintain a bridge across the :Mr. DEEMER, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to Tombigbee River between the counties of Clarke and Choctaw, which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 5091) granting a Ala., in section 7, township 9, range 1 west of St. Stephen's pension to William Kennedy, reported the same with amendment, meridian. accompanied by a report (No. 1207); which said bill and report The SPEAKER announced his signature to enrolled bills of the were refen-ed to the Private Calendar. following titles: Mr. LOUDENSLAGER, from the Committee on Pensions, to S. 1330. An act granting a pension to Jerry S." Fish; and which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 3413) granting a S. 486. An act granting a pension tb Green B. Yawn. pension to Henry P. Howard, reported the same without amend SENATE BILLS .AND RESOLUTIONS REFERRED. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 1208); which ·said bill and Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, Senate bills and resolutions of report were referred to the Private Calendar. the following titles were taken from the Speakers table andre He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the ferred to their appropriate committees as indicated below: bill of the Senate (S. 3362) granting an increase of pension to Dan S. 3204. An act pel'Illitting the Kiowa, Chickasha and Fort Smith H. Wallace, reported the same without amendment, accompanied Railway Company to sell and convey its railroad and other prop by a report (No. 1209); which said bill and report were referred to erty in the Indian Territory to the Eastern Oklahoma Railway the Pri1ate Calendar. Company, and the Eastern Oklahoma Railway Company to lease He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the all its railroad and other property in the Indian Territory to the bill of the Senate (S. 3481) granting an increase of pension to Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company, and thereafter James E. Harrison, reported the same without amendment, ac to sell its railroad and other property to said The Atchison, Topeka companied by a report (No. 1210); which said bill and report were and Santa Fe Railway Company-to the Committee on Indian refeiTed to the Private Calendar. Affairs. He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the S. 3780. An act authorizing the Yankton, Norfolk and South bill of the Senate (S. 3470) granting an increase of pension to ern Railway Company to construct a combined railroad, wagon, Richard Wilks, reported the same with amendment, accompanied and foot-passenger bridge across the Missouri River at or near by a report (No. 1211); which said bill and report were referred the city of Yankton, S. Dak.-to the Committee on Interstate and to the Private Calendar. . Foreign Commerce. He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the Senate conc1uTent resolution No. 45: · bill of the Senate (S. 3656) granting an increase of pension to Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That the William Turner, reported the same without amendment, accom Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to cause a panied by a report (No. 1212); which said bill and report were survey to be made and estimates to be submitted of the cost of extendingtbe area of light-draft anchorage in the southern part of the harbor at Newport, referred to the Private Calendar. R.l.- He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. bill of the Senate (S. 2122) granting a pension to Ashley C. Riggs, Senate concurrent resolution 46: reported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1213); which said bill and report were referred to the Pri Resolt•ed by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to cause a vate Calendar. survey to be made of the harbor of Fernandina, Fla., with a view to estab He also, from the same committee, to which was refeiTed the lishing a harbor line and to determining the necessary improvements for providing a harbor of uniform and adequate depth for ocean-going vessels- bill of the Senate (S. 3480) granting an increase of pension to • Swepston B. W. Stephens, reported the same without amendment, to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. accompanied by a report (No. 1214); which said bill and report S. 3118. An act to amend the act approved February 18, 1895, were referred to the Private Calendar. entitled "An act to amend an act entitled' An act to amend the He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the laws relative to shipping commissioners,' approved August 19, bill of the Senate (S. 1642) granting an increase of pension to 1890, and for other purposes "-to the Committee on the Merchant Blanche L. Chunn, reported the same without amendment, ac Marine and Fisheries. companied by a report (No. 1215); which said bill and report WITHDR.AW .AL OF P .APERS. were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. SAMUEL W. SMITH~ by unanimous consent, obtained Mr. CAMPBELL, from the Committee on Pensions, to which leave to withdraw from the files of the Honse, without leaving was referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 11229) granting a pen copies, the papers in the case of Frederick R. Eastman, Fifty sion to Francis M. Good, reported the same with amendment, seventh Congress. accompanied by a report (No.1216); which said bill and report Mr. ACHESON, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to with were refeiTed to the Private Calendar. · draw from the files of the House, without leaving copies, the pa Mr. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to which pers in t,;he case of Mrs. Kate J. Kripps, Fifty-sixth Congress no was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 4941) grantfug a pen adverse report having been made thereon. sion to Mary J. Wilson, reported the same with amendment, ac companied by a report (No. 1217); which said bill and report .ADJOURNMENT. were referred to the Private Calendar. And then, on motion of Mr. Foss (at 5 o'clock and 5 minutes Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen p. m.), the Honse adjourned. sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7568) granting an increase of pension to Albert Costigan, reported the EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION. same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1218); Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executive com which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. munication was taken from the Speaker's table and referred as Mr. WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to follows: which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7411) granting A letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter a~ increase of pension to Matthew Caldwell, reported the same from the Chief of Engineers, report of examination and survey With amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1219); which of Key West Harbor, Florida-to the Committee on Rivers and said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Harbors, and ordered to be printed. Mr. PATTERSON of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, Pensions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 8806) .By Mr. CUSHMAN~ A bill (H. R. 13014) to auth01'ize the granting an increase of pension to George H. Sweet, reported "the appointment of road overseers and to create road districts in the samewitha.mendment,accompanied byareport(No.1220); which district of Alaska, and for other purposes-to the Committee on said bill and report were refeued to the Private Calendar. the Territories. Mr. CAMPBELL, from the Committee on Pensions, to which Also, a bill (H. R. 13015) to authorize and direct the Secretary w~s referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 12056) granting an in of War to survey and construct a military trail commencing at crease of pension to Kerzia Cherry, reported the same with amend or near the inter ection of the Orazek and the Yukon rivers, ment, accompanied by a report (No. 1221); which said bill and thence to Coldfoot on the Koyukuk River, in Alaska, and for report were referred t-o the Private Calendar. other purposes-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Mr. DRAPER, from the Committee on Pensions} to which was By 1\fr. BENTON: A bill (H. R. 13016) to establisb a United referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 7438) granting an increase States court and recording district at Grove, Ind. T.-to the of pension to Corinne Tolman, reported the same with amend Committee on the Judiciary. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 1222); which said bill and ByMr. BEDE (by request): A bill (H. R.18017) to amend ec report were referred to the Private Calendar. tion 3 of the Code of the District of Columbia-to the Committee Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen on the District of Columbia. sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 4798) By Mr. THOMPSON: A bill (H. R. 13018) for the erection of a granting an increase of pension to Margaret F. Harris, reported public build.ing at Tuskegee, Ala.-to the Committee on Public the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1223); Buildings and Grounds. which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. By Mr. -BREAZEALE: A bill (H. R. 13019) to provide for Mr. PATTERSON of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen building an annex to the court-house and post-office at Shre re sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 60 7) port, La.-to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. granting an increase of pension to Anthony F . .Bracklin, reported By Mr. V .AN DUZER: A bill {H. R. 13090) to establish the the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1224); Department of .Mines and Mining-to the Committee on :Mines which said bill and report were refer.red to the Private Calendar. and Mining. Mr. LOUDENSLAGER, from the Committee on Pensions, to By Mr. COUSINS: A bill (H. R. 13083) for impro-ving, repair which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 10935) for the ing, and the erection of an addition to the public building at relief of Rebecca Mayo, reported the same with amendment, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and for purchasing ground therefor-to the accompanied by a report (No. 1225); which said bill and report Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. we1"e 1·eferred to the Private Calendar. By Mr. SCUDDER: A resolution (H. Res. 230) authorizing the Mr. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to which Clerk of the House to purchase 40 .sets of the Federal Statutes, was referred the bill <>f the Honse (H. R. 5682) granting an in annotated, of the United States, fornse of the House-to the Com crease of pension to Charles B. Hunt, reported the same with mittee on Accounts. amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1226); which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen PRIVATE .BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 5476) 'Under clause 1 of Rnle XXII, private bills and resolutions of granting an increase of pension to William Davis, reported the the foTiowjng titles were introduced and severally referred as same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1227); follows: which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. ByMr. ADAMS of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. R. 13021) grant Mr. WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to ing an increase of pension to William Moore-to the Committee which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2371) granting a on Invalid Pensions. pension to Sarah J. Herrman, reported the same with amend By Mr. BARTHOLDT: A bill (H. R. 13022) to amend the mili ment, accompanied by a report (No. 1228) ; which said bill andre tary record of .Bernhard Lofi:nck-to the Committee on Military port were referred to the Private Calendar. Affairs. Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama, from the Committee on Pen By Mr. "BENNY~ A bill (H. R. 13023) for the relief of Joseph sions, to which was referred the bill of the Holli!e (H. R. 6432) W. Barton-to the Committee on Military Affairs. granting a pension to Ellender C. Miller, reported the same with By Mr. BREAZEALE: A bill (H. R. 13024) for the relief of the · amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1229); which said bill estate of Jacob A. Wolfson, deceased, late of Natchitoches Pa1ish, and report were referred to the Private Calendar. La.-to the Committee on War Claims. Mr. HOGG, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was ::re A1so a bill (H. R. 13025) for the relief of the estate of Emile ferred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 1)709) granting a pension to Rost, deceased, late of Natchitoches Parish, La.-to the Com· Louis De Witt, reported the samewithamendment, accompanied mittee on War Claims. by a report (No. 1230); which said bill and 1·eport were referred By 1\fr. BURKETT: A bill (H. R. 13{)26) granting an increase to the Private Calendar. of pension to Mary P. Bradley-tn the Committee on Invalid Mr. WJLEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to Pensions. which was referred the bill of the llouse (H. R. 9592} for there By Mr. BURLEIGH: A bill (H. R. 13027) for the .relief of lief of William H. Steimann, reported the same with amendment. Charles H. Slrillings-to the Committee on Claims. • aeoompanied by. a report (No. 1231); which said bill and report .Also, a bill (H. R.13028) for the relief of Frank Cowin-to the were referred to the Private Calendar. Committee on Claims. By Mr. .BURNETT: A bill (H. R" 13029) for the relief of John .A. Bates-to the Committee on War Claims. PUBLIC .BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND .MEMORIALS. By Mr. CANDLER: A bill (H. R. 13030} for the relief of James Under clause 8 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials F. Kellum-to the Committee on Military Affairs. of the following titles were introduced and severally referred as By Mr. CLAYTON: A bill (H. R. 13031) granting a pension to follows: Martha Yarbrough-to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. STEENERSON: A bill (H. R. 13009) to validate certain By Mr. DAYTON: A bill (H. R. 13032) granting an increase of original homestead entries and extend the time to make final pensiDn to James Dean-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. proofs thereon-to the Committee on the Public Lands. By M.r. DE ARMOND (by r~nest): A bill (H. R. 13033) grant By Mr. McDERMOTT: A bill (H. R.13010) to abolish all duties ing a pension to Luther T. Hammonds-to the Committee on In upon meat or poultry imported from foreign countries-to the valid Pensions. Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. DOVENER: A bill (H. R. 13034) for the relief of Per By Mr. SOUTHWICK: A bill (H. R. 13011) to increase. pen melia F. Hudson, widow of Jacob W. Hudson, deceased-to the sions allowed to the totally blind-to the Committee on Invalid Committee on War Claims. • Pensions. By Mr. GAINES of Tennessee~ A bill (H. R. 13035) for there By Mr. SAMUEL W. SMITH: A bill (H. R.13012) authorizing lief of the estate of Elizabeth McClure, decea ed, late of Mont and directing the Attorney-General of the United States to insti gomery County, Tenn.-to the Committee on War Claims. tute a snit or proceeding in the supreme court of the District of By Mr. GRIFFITH: A bill (H. R.13036) granting an increase of Columbia by application for a writ of quo warranto against the pension to George Mitchell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Washington Gaslight Company for the purpose of baving de By Mr. HENRY of Connecticut: A bill (H. R. 13037) for the termined and adjudged the legality of the act or acts of said com relief of Samuel Post-to the Committee on Claims. pany in issuing ?.,600,000 of certificates of indebtedness of said Also, a bill (H. R. 13038) for the relief of Carl C. Schmeiske company and delivering them to its stockholders as a gratuity to the Committee on Claims. to the Committee on the District of Columbia. By Mr. HENRY of Texas: A bill (H. R.13039) granting a pen· By Mr. LAFEAN: A bill (H. R. 13013) to authorize and direct sion to Mary King-to the Committee on Pensions. · the Secretary of War to purchase certain lands on the battlefield By Mr. HILDEBRANT: A bill (H. R. 13040) granting an in· of Gettysburg, and making appropriation therefor-to the Com crease of pension to George W. Stratton-to the Committee on mittee on Military Affairs. Invalid Pensions. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2395 Also, a bill (H. R. 13041) granting an increase of pension to an increase of pension to Elizabeth C. Trafton-to the Committee Daniel B. Ja.cks-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. JOHNSON: A bill (H. R. 13042) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 13079) granting a pension to Hudson M. Esther J. Lee-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Fisher-to the Committee on Invalid Pension~. By 1\Ir. JONES of Virginia: A bill (H. R. 13043) for the relief By Mr. CHARLES B. LANDIS: A bill (H. R.13080) to remove of the estate of David Heller, deceased, and Mrs. E. Mary Heller, the charge of desertion from the the military record of William of Spottsylvania County, Va.-to the Committee on War Claims. N. Huddleston-to the.Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr~ KLINE: A bill (H. R. 13044) granting an increase of Also, a bill (H. R. 13081) to remove the charge of desertion from pen ion to Solomon R. Ruch-to the Committee on Invalid Pen the military record of John D. Cohee-to the Committee on Mili- sions. tary Affairs. • By Mr. CHARLES B. LANDIS: A bill (H. R. 13045) granting' By Mr. DAVIDSON: A bill (H. R. 13082) granting an increase a pem:ion to Milton Diehl-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of pension to William E. Wheeler-to the Committee on Invalid Also. a bHl (H. R. 13046) granting an increase of pension to Pensions. John N. Doss-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 13047) granting an increase of pension to PETITIONS, ETC. Simeon B. Hawkins-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 13048) granting an increase of pension to Under clause 1 of Rule XXll, the following petitions and papers Alexander C. Cochran-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: By Mr. LONGWORTH: A bill (H. R. 13049) for the relief of By Mr. ADAMS of Pennsylvania: Resolutions of United Tex- James W. Jones-to the Committee on Claims. tile Association of Philadelphia, protesting against the passage By Mr. LORIMER: A bill (H. R. 13050) to reinove the charge of the anti-injunction bill-to the Committee· on the Judiciary. of desertion from the military record of Samuel Baird-to the By Mr. ALEXANDER: Resolutions of Iron Molders' Union Committee on Military Affail's. · No. 13, of Buffalo, N.Y., favoring an appropriation of $2,000,000 Bv Mr. McDERMOTT: A bill (H. R. 13051) removing the charge to increase the capacity of the Naval Gun Factory-to the Com of d"esertion from the military record of William G£tlvin-to the mittee on Naval Affairs. Committee on Military Affairs. · By Mr. BABCOCK: Petition of Oscar E. Follette and 13 others, By Mr. McGUIRE: A bill (H. R. 13052) for the disposition of of Delton, Wis., for the passage of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to certain school lands in Oklahoma Territory-to the Committee on the Committee on the Judiciary. the Public Lands. By Mr. BAKER: Petition of the New York Boardof Trade and By Mr. McMORRAN: A bill (H. R. 13053) granting a pension Transportation, favoring bills H. R. 3562 and 3559-to the Com- to John T. Hartwell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on Rivers and Harbors. By Mr. NEEDHAM (by request): A bill (H. R. 13054) for the Also, resolution of the Manufacturers' AssociationofNewYork, relief of James Q. Shirley and the estate of Francis De Long, de- favoring bill H. R. 7056-to the Committee on the Merchant Ma- ceased-to the Committee on Claims. rine and Fisheries. By Mr. REEDER: A bill (H. R.13055) for the relief of George Also, resolution of the :Manufacturers' Association of New York, W. Collins-to the Committee on Military Affairs. favoring reduction of internal-revenue tax on alcohol used in the By Mr. REID: A bill (H. R. 13056) for the relief of the legal arts-to the Committee on Ways and Means. representatives of Wiley J. Davis, deceased-to the Committee Also, resolution of the Maritime Association of New York, fa- on War Claims. voring completion by the Government of breakwater at Point By Mr. RIDER: A bill (H. R. 13057) to provide for the exten- Judith, R. I.-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. sion of letters patent for an improvement in insulating subma- Also, resolution of the National Association of Agricultural Im- rine cables-to the Committee on Patents. - plement and Vehicle Manufacturers, of Chicago, commending the By Mr. RIXEY: A bill (H. R. 13058) for the relief of Charles President's message on the subject of forestry and irrigation-to Clar¥son-to the Committee on War Claims. the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. SCUDDER: A bill (H. R. 13059) gt·anting a pension to Also: resolution of United German Societies of New York, op- Charles P. Carman-to the Committee on Pensions. posing the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, a bill (H. R. 13060) granting a pension to George Scud- Also,resolutionsoftheUnitedCommercialTravelersofAmerica, der-to the Committee on Pensions. of Brooklyn, N.Y., for amendment to the bankruptcy bill-to Also, a bill (H. R. 13061) granting an increase of pension to the Committee on the Judiciary. HenryS. Tillinghast-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, resolution of the the North Dakota Retail Hardware As- Also, a bill (H. R. 13062) granting an increase of pension to sociation, in opposition to a parcels-post bill-to the Committee Melville A. Smith-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. SIBLEY: A bill (H. R. 13063) for the relief of James Also, resolutions of the American Association of Masters and Sheakley, late governor of the Territory of Alaska-to the Com- Pilots of Steam Vessels, favoring a light-house on Outer Diamond mittee on Claims. · Shoal, North Carolina-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. By Mr. SMITH of New York: A bill (H. R.13064) granting an By Mr. BEALL of Texas: Petition of the Woman's Christian increase of pension to John K. Tyler-to the Committee on In- Temperance Union of Dallas, Tex., for passage of Hepburn bill- valid Pensions. to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. SNOOK: A bill (H. R. 13065) granting an increase of By Mr. BEDE: Petition of Fred Lamere and others, of Aitkin, pension to James Hoy-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Minn., for permission to construct a ditch between Spirit Lake Also, a bill (H. R. 13066) · granting an increase of pension to and Diamond Lake, in Aitkin County, Minn.-to the Committee Thomas E. Davis-to the' Committee on Invalid Pensions. on Irrigation of Arid Lands. Also, a bill (H. R. 13067) granting an increase of pension to Also (by request), memorial of rural letter carriers of Cam- Thomas W. Prentiss-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . bridge, Minn., praying for a maximum salary of $850 per annum, By Mr. SOUTHWICK: A bill (H. R.13068) to correct the record based on a grade scale-to the Committee on the Post-Office and of Harrison Clark-to the Committee.on 1\Iilitai'Y Affairs. Post-Roads. Also, a bill (H. R. 13069) for the relief of Daniel Leary-to the By Mr. BENTON: Petition of George C. Abbott, 1\I. D., and Committee on War Claims. others, ofExeter, Mo., in favor of the Hepburn bill-to t.he Com- Also, a bill (H. R.13070) for the relief of Lawrence Collins and mittee on the Judiciary. Edward J. Flanigan-to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. BIRDSALL: Petitions of E. N. Kinshaw and 43 others, Also, a bill (H. R. 13071) granting an increase of pension to and of E. P. Stubbs and 11 others, of New Providence, Iowa, in JohnS. Whitmore-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. favor of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on the Ju- By Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts: A bill (H. R. 13072) diciary. granting a pension to Mary Bell-t-o the Committee on Invalid By Mr. BREAZEALE: Petition of the Louisiana Bar Associa- Pensions. tion, in favor of bi:U H. R. 10011-to the Committee on the Judi- By :Mr. TALBOTT: A bill (H. R. 13073) granting an increase of ciary. pension to William Zigman-totheCommittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. BROWNLOW: Petitions of J. W. Tipton and 39 other By Mr. TOWNSEND: A bill (H. R.13074) granting an increase voters, and W. H. Tipton and 23 other voters of Elizabethton, of pension to John A. Gragg-to the Committee on Invalid Pen- Tenn., for the passage of the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on sions. the Judiciary. Also, a bill (H. R. 13075) granting a pension to Samuel M. Cen- Also, petition of members of women's clubs of Johnson City, tes-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Tenn., for a national forest reserve in the White Mountains-to Also, a bill (H. R. 13076) granting a pension to Alice Anna the Committee on the Public Lands. Amsden-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. BRUNDIDGE: PetitionofcitizensofRandolphCounty, By Mr. WALLACE: A bill (H. R. 13077) for the relief of Asa Ark., in favor of the Brownlow good-roads bill-to the Commit- Townsend-to the Committee on Claim~. tee on Agriculture. . By 1\Ir. WILLIAMS of illinois: A bill (H. R. 13078) granting Also, petitions of J. H. Slater and 19 others; I. D. Lewis and . . . ' 2396 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 25, 26 others, of Heber, Ark., and J. E. Davis and 38 others, of Searcy, dale; Alfred Birg Post, No. 492, of Andalusia; W. H. H. Lawton Ark., in favor of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on Post, No. 438, of Griggsville; Cobden Post, No. 439, of Cobden; the Judiciary. George J. Meade Post, No. 444, of Chicago; Isaac McManus Post Also, protest of citizens of Reyno, Ark against the parcels-post No. 446, of Keithburg; Captain A. F. Knight Post, No. 460, of bill-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Albany; Edward11ville Post, No. 461, of Edwardsville· Eph Scott By Mr. BURKE: Petitions of M. A. Willy and 46 others, and Post, No. 464, of' Mahomet; Macedonia Post, No. 469, of Mace J. H. Wolf and 16 others, of Kimball, S.Dak., in favor of the Hep donia; Blue Island Post, No. 473, of Blue I land; Colonel Raith burn-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Post, No. 587, of O'Fallon; Eugene Lyford Post, No. 603, of Port By Mr. BURKETT: Letter ofF. C. Hayward, president of Hay Byron; Whipple Post~,.~o. 414, of Kankakee; W. A. Babcock Post, ward Brothers' Shoe Company, Qf Omaha, Nebr., in opposition to No. 416, of Onarga; .Nashville Post, No. 419, of Nashville; P. the anti-injunction bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Schooley Post, No. 418, of Watson; Tobias Butler Post, No. 428, Also, petitions of Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Au of Bowen; Marissa Post, No. 430, of Marissa; Timber Post, No. bm·n, Nebr., for the passage of a bill to prevent nullification of 432, of Glasford; Reynolds Post, No. 559, of Reynolds; Samuel State temperance laws-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Akins Post, No. 566, of Cowden; James C. Lasater Post, No. 5i0, By Mr. BURLEIGH: Paper relating to claim of Charles H. of Mill Shoals; Brown Culley Post, No. 571, of Thebes; Amboy Skillings, for additional pay and paper relating to claim of Frank Post, No. 572, of Amboy; George Kriedler Post, No. 575, of Mil Cowin for additional pay-to the Committee on War Claims. ledgeville; John A. Rawlins Post, No. 579, of Mulberry· Harry Also, papers to accompany bill granting a pension to James Man Post, No. 582,of Okawville; Hiller Post, No.5 5,of Grafton; Elders, and resolutions of Lewis H. Wing Post, No. 167, Grand Samuel T. Hughes Post No. 534, of Collinsville; Jordan Post, No. Army of the Republic, of Maine, favoring a service-pension law 535, of Macon; General John A. Logan Post No. 540, of ET"anston; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Joseph P. Casey Post, No. 542, of Camp Point; Rochelle Post, No. By Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania; Petition of W. P. Mercer 546, of Rochelle; Jacob E. Reed Post, No. 550, of Newton; W. C. and 44 other voters of Kennett Square, Pa., for passage of the Baker Post, No. 551, of Stillman Valley; Robert Hale Post. No. Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. 556, of Fulton; Anna Post, No. 558, of Anna; Dick Gilmer Post, By Mr. CALDERHEAD: Petition of F. N. Collins and other No. 515, of Pittsfield; Luke Mayfield Post, No. 516, of Girard; citizens of Solomon, Kans., for passage of Hepburn bill-to the J. L. Park Post, No. 518, of Crab Orchal'd; Rollin Taylor Po t, Committee on the J udicia.ry. No. 524, of Chapin: J. Q. A. Jones·Post, No. 526, of Havana; W. By Mr. CANDLER: Papers to accompany House bill for the W. Burnett Post, No. 527, of Eldorado; Tom White Po t No. 529, relief of James F. Kellum-to the Committea on Invalid Pensions. of Mount Zion; S. T. Rogers Post, No. 531, of Elpaso and David By Mr. CAPRON: Petition of F. B. Smith, M. D.,and 11 other Hill Post, No. 532, of Elizabeth, all in Illinois, Grand Army of voters, and Rev. D. L. Bennett and 20 other voters, of Coventry, the Republic, in favor of a service-pension bill-to the Committee R. I., praying for the passage of the Hepburn bill-to the Commit- on Invalid Pensions. tee on the Judiciary. . By Mr. GREENE: Resolutions of the Massachusetts State By Mr. CASSEL: Resolutions of Captain Snow Post, No. 461, Board of Trade, favoring the completion of the breakwater at Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of the Republic, of Point Judith-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Pleasant Grove, in favor of a service-pension bill-to the Com By Mr. HENRY of Connecticut: Petition of Rev. George W. mittee on Invalid Pensions. Reynolds and other voters of Manche ter, Conn., for the passage Also petition of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and of the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. certain voters of Millersville, Pa., for passage of the Hepburn By Mr. HEPBURN: Petitions of W. H. 1\Iar h and 32 voters bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. of Nodaway, and W. A. Houck and 102 others, of Bedford, Iowa, By Mr.CURRIER: Petition of James Cairns and 15 other voters, praying for passage of the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the and Charles S. Parker and 21 other voters, of Concord, N. H.,for Judiciary. the passage of the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the Judi By Mr. HOGG: Petition of East Pueblo Woman's Christian ciary. Temperance Union, of Pueblo, Colo., for the pb.ssage of th'e ep By Mr. DANIELS: Papers in support of bill H. R.11304, grant bUI·n bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. · ing an increase of pension to James Ferguson-to the Committee By Mr. HOWARD: Petitions of J. T. Aree and other and B. F. on Invalid Pensions . • Daniel and others, of Union Point, Ga., for the passage of the Also, papers in support of bill H. R. 11833, granting a pension Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. to Jennie B. J ohnstone-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HOWELL of Utah: Petition of Lincoln Circle, of Og By Mr. DOVENER: Affidavits in support of bill for relief of den, Utah, favoring passage of a service-pension bill-to the Com Permelia. F. Hudson-to the Committee on War Claims. mittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DUNWELL: Resolutions of Harry Lee Post, No. 21, By Mr. HUFF: Petition of the Christian Civic Union (86 men) Grand Army of the Republic, of New York City, for the passage of Greensburg, Pa., for the passage of the McCumber bill to for of a sernce-pension bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. bid the sale of intoxicating liquors in all Govei'IliD.ent buildings Also, re olutions of the United Commercial Travelers of Amer to the Committee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic. ica, Brooklyn Cmmcil, No. 165, indorsing the proposed amend By 11-Ir. HUNT: Resolutions of the Western Association of Shoe ment to the bankruptcy bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Wholesalers, for maint-enance of fair and reasonable rate of Also, resolution of Abel Smith-First Long Island Post, No. 435, freight-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Grand Al·my of the Republic, New York, for the pa£Sage of a By Mr. LILLEY: Resolution of Union Grange, No. 2-5 of South service-pension bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ington, Conn., in favor of an equitable good-roads bill-to the Also, resolutions of the Congress Club of Kings County, N.Y., Committee on Agriculture. favoring change in present system of carrying men and supplies Also, petition of the Waterbury (Conn.) Indian Association, in United States transports-to the Committee on Interstate and that land be granted to the landle~s Indians of northern Califol' Foreign Commerce. nia-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Also, resolutions of the Manufacturers' Association of New By Mr. LOUDENSLAGER: CommuniCc'ltion from the Thames York, approving a reduction of tax on alcohol-to the Committee Towboat Company, of New.London, Conn., relative to proposed on Ways and Means. harbor at Cold Spring 'Inlet-to the Committes on Rivers and By Mr. FULLER: Resolutions of Chicago Board of Trade, in Harbors. favor of bill H. R. 6273-to the Committee on Interstate and For Also, petition of William K. Hurley and others, of Penn!!'rove, eign Commerce. N.J., protesting against the pa£slge of bill H. R. 7033-to the Also, :t:etition of Rev. H. M. Barmen and 500 others, of Rockford, Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. m for passage of the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on the Also, petition of American Association of Masters and Pilots of Judiciary. St-eam Vessels. for construction of a light-hou...«e on Outer Diamond By Yr. GILLETT of Massachusetts: Petition of A. H. Warfield Shoal, North Carolina-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. and 35 other vote.rs of West Brookfield, and W. H. Thompson and Also, petitions of Edwin A. Holmes and 15 others, of Mickleton; 45 other voters of Fitchburg, Mass., for the passage of the Hep B. G. Parker and 10 others, of Daretown; Robert Eldridge and 18 burn bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. others, of Clarksboro; Rev. J. M. Ashton and 23 others of Col By Mr. GRAFF: Resolutions of Burden Post, No. 494, of Chan lingswood, and J. R. Mason and 30 others, of Collingswood, all in nahon; Samuel McAdams Post, No. 497, of Lorento; E. D. Kittoe New Jersey, in favor of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Com Post, No. 502. of Galena; Irwin McDowell Post, No. 507, of East mittee on the Judiciary. St. Louis; Coleman Post. No. 508, of Mount Vernon; Sandwich By 1\Ir. MARSHALL: Petition of Rev. D. Springer and 35 Po t, No. 510 of Sandwich; E. S. Kelley Post, No. 513, of Wheaton; ·others, of Maselle, N. Dak., and of J. L. Ivey and 15 others, of Bogardus Post. No. 474, of Washington; McCulloch Post, No. 475, Granville, N.Dak., in faV"or of the Hepburn-DolliT"er bill-to the of Earlville; Major Sam Hays Post No. 477, of Summer Hill; Committee on the Judiciary. Resaca Pot, No. 478, of Genoa; James Mayes Post, No. 480, of By Mr. 1\fii.LER: Petition of Rev. R. A. French and 32 other Moullt Erie; ,T. J. Anderson Post, No. 488, of Wayne City; Viola voters, praying the passage of.the Hepburn bill-to the Commit Post, No. 440, of Viola; G. W. Spencer Post, No. 489, of River- tee on the Judicial-y. 1904 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 2397 .By .Mr. OTIS: .Petition of citizens of Mount Vernon and Port and First Congregational churches and E. R. Brown and 33 other Chester ,.N. Y. favoring the _passage of tha.Hepburn-DoTiinrr bill ·voters of Cheshire, Conn., for passage of the Hepburn bill-to -the to tha Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. PALMER: Petition of Rev. R."B. Webster ando6other By Mr. ~AWNEY: "Petition of W. H. Koch and 11 othervoters voters of Wilkesbarre, Pa., for the passage of the Hepburn bill of "Utica, Minn., fOT the passage of theliepbnrn bill-to the Com to the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. By J.-lr. PORTER: Resolution of the Union Steel Ca-sting Com By Mr. THAYER: Petition of the executive council of the· pany of Pittsburg. P.a.,in opposition to the eight-hour bill--to Massachusetts State 13oard of ~ade, to abolish the revenue -tax the Committee on Labor. on grain alcohol used in the arts and manufactm·es-to the Com· Also, petition nf Typographical Union.No. 7, ofBttsbnrg,:Pa., :mittee on Ways ana Means. in support of the anti-injunction bill-to ·the Committee- on the "By 'Mr. ~LIAMS of Illinois: Letter -to accompany House Judiciary. billforther.elief of Elizabeth C. Trafton--to the Committee on ..Also, resolution of theNorth Dakota Retail "Hardware .Associ Jnvalid .Pensions . ation, of Grana Forks, N.Dak., in opposition to -the parcels-post .Also, affidavit to accompany bill for a special pension -to Lola bill--to the Committee on the "Post-Office and Post-"Roads. Quails-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. .Also, resolution of the Scranton Board of Trade, of Scranton, :By Mr. WR1GRT: Resolutions of Captain.E. Z. Rice Post, of Pa., in favor of ±he _Brownlow goon-roads bill--to the Committee FactOTyville, Pa., favoTing a service-pension bill-to the Commit on Agriculture. -tee on lnvalid Pensions. Also, resolution of the American .Association of Masters and .Also, resolutions of Phelps Post, No.1241, Grand Army of the Pilots of. Steam Vessels, favoringthe construction of a light-1Louse Republic, of Penneylvania, favoring a service-pension bill-to on Outer Diamond Shoal, North Carolina-to the Committee on -the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Rivers and Harbors. ByJrfr. WO®Y.ARD: "Petition of 43 members of Cal:rnryBa_p Also, communication from J ohn:Mellor, publisher of-the Record, tist Church, of Parkersburg, W. Ya., ·for the passage of the Rep· of"Pittsbm·g, in opposition to bills R . R. ·7050 and S. 12Gl- -to the burn-Dolliver bill- to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on the Judiciary. 13y 1\fr. ""RIXEY: Petition of Rev. W. R. Flannagan and 37 other voters of Orange, Va.~ for the Hepburn bill-to the Committee on SENATE. the ~udiciacy. By 1\Ir. ROBERTS: Resolutions o! the Massachusetts legisla- F_RIDAY, February 26, 1901,. ture, in favor of legislation to protect food fish .from .sharks and Prayer by the Chaplain, Re-v. "EDW.AIID EVERETT HALE. dogfish-to the Committee an the Merchant .Marine and Fisheries. -The Secretary proceeded -to read the Journal of yestel·day's pro- Also, resolutions of Old and New Club, of Malden, .Mass:, in ceedings. favor of a national forest reserve in the White Mountains- to the Mr. GALLINGER. I ask-unanimous consent that the further Committee on the Public Lands. reading of the Jolllllal be dispensed with. By Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana: Petition of L. E. Ferguson, of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is-there objection? Scott, 1na., agninst.restriction in carrying parcels by rural car- Mr. KEAN. Mr. President, I should like to hear-the Jo11I'Ilal riera-to the Committee on the Post-Office and.Post-"Roads. read. By Mr. .RUPP.ERT: Resolutions of ihe U.nited German Bocie- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Objection is m-ade, and the ties of New Yor1r Clty, in owosition -to the Hepburn bill-to the Journal will beTead. Committee on the Judiciary. The Secretary resumed and COllcludEd -the reading of the Jour· .Also, resolutions of the Manufacturers' Association of New nal, and it was -ap_proved. York, urging a reduction in the tax on alcohol-to the Committee FRANCIS s. HOPXINS. on Wayaand~eans. , . . _ ThePRESIDENrprotemporelaid beforetheSenatetheamend· .Als0, resolt:-tions of the 1\Ianuf~ctnrers .Association of N~w ment of the House of Representatives to the bill (S. ~96) _grant Yorlr, ainJrOV-lng the pur~oses of b~ :H .. R. 7056-to the Commit- , ing a pension to Francis S. Hopkins, which was, in line 9, before - tee • ·.