Recordando La Guerra Civil
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Un Dominio De Internet Es Una Red De Identificación Asociada a Un Grupo De Disposi Tivos O Equipos Conectados a La Red Internet
Un dominio de Internet es una red de identificación asociada a un grupo de disposi tivos o equipos conectados a la red Internet. El propósito principal de los nombres de dominio en Internet y del sistema de nomb res de dominio (DNS), es traducir las direcciones IP de cada nodo activo en la r ed, a términos memorizables y fáciles de encontrar. Esta abstracción hace posible que cualquier servicio (de red) pueda moverse de un lugar geográfico a otro en la red Internet, aún cuando el cambio implique que tendrá una dirección IP diferente.1 Sin la ayuda del sistema de nombres de dominio, los usuarios de Internet tendrían que acceder a cada servicio web utilizando la dirección IP del modo (por ejemplo, sería necesario utilizar http://192.0.32.10 en vez de http://example.com). Además, r educiría el número de webs posibles, ya que actualmente es habitual que una misma di rección IP sea compartida por varios dominios. Dominios de nivel superior[editar] Cuando se creó el Sistema de Nombres de Dominio en los años 1980, el espacio de nomb res se dividió en dos grupos. El primero incluye los dominios territoriales, basad os en los dos caracteres de identificación de cada territorio de acuerdo a las abr eviaciones del ISO-3166 (ej. *.do, *.mx), denominados ccTLD (country code top le vel domain o «dominio de nivel superior geográfico»). El segundo grupo incluye dominio s de nivel superior genéricos (gTLD), que representan una serie de nombres y multi organizaciones. Inicialmente, estos dominios fueron: COM, NET, ORG, EDU, GOB y M IL, a los que posteriormente se unieron otros. -
S/2007/582 Security Council
United Nations S/2007/582 Security Council Distr.: General 28 September 2007 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) by which the Council decided to establish the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) and requested the Secretary-General to report at regular intervals on the implementation of the mandate. It covers the activities of UNMIK and developments in Kosovo (Serbia), from 1 June to 31 August 2007. Kosovo future status process 2. On 1 August, I issued a statement welcoming the Contact Group’s agreement on modalities for further negotiations between Belgrade and Pristina during a new period of engagement. This effort is being led by a “Troika”, comprising representatives of the European Union, the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The United Nations has been providing support to the Troika’s mediation effort. On 30 August, the Troika held proximity talks in Vienna with delegations representing Serbia and Kosovo. Prior to those talks, the Troika held its first meeting with the Serbian Government on 10 August and with the Kosovo Unity Team on 11 and 12 August. I look forward to the Contact Group reporting to me on the results of the period of engagement by 10 December. Political situation 3. During the reporting period, the overriding political focus in Kosovo was on the deliberations on a new resolution in the Security Council. The Kosovo Albanian community and its leadership expressed disappointment when the Council failed to adopt a new resolution. -
KFOS LOCAL and INTERNATIONAL VOLUME II.Pdf
EDITED BY IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA LOCAL AND AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER- SIEVERS INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD VOLUME II LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD —VOLUME II EDITED BY: IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER-SIEVERS Copyright ©2021 Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. All rights reserved. PUBLISHER: Kosovo Foundation for Open Society Imzot Nikë Prelaj, Vila 13, 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo. Issued in print and electronic formats. “Local and International Determinants of Kosovo’s Statehood: Volume II” EDITORS: Ioannis Armakolas Agon Demjaha Arolda Elbasani Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers PROGRAM COORDINATOR: Lura Limani Designed by Envinion, printed by Envinion, on recycled paper in Prishtina, Kosovo. ISBN 978-9951-503-06-8 CONTENTS ABOUT THE EDITORS 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 12 INTRODUCTION 13 CULTURE, HERITAGE AND REPRESENTATIONS 31 — Luke Bacigalupo Kosovo and Serbia’s National Museums: A New Approach to History? 33 — Donjetë Murati and Stephanie Schwandner- Sievers An Exercise in Legitimacy: Kosovo’s Participation at 1 the Venice Biennale 71 — Juan Manuel Montoro Imaginaries and Media Consumptions of Otherness in Kosovo: Memories of the Spanish Civil War, Latin American Telenovelas and Spanish Football 109 — Julianne Funk Lived Religious Perspectives from Kosovo’s Orthodox Monasteries: A Needs Approach for Inclusive Dialogue 145 LOCAL INTERPRETATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL RULES 183 — Meris Musanovic The Specialist Chambers in Kosovo: A Hybrid Court between -
The World Factbook Central America and Caribbean
The World Factbook Central America and Caribbean :: Honduras Introduction :: Honduras Background: Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. The country was devastated by Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which killed about 5,600 people and caused approximately $2 billion in damage. Since then, the economy has slowly rebounded. Geography :: Honduras Location: Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the Gulf of Fonseca (North Pacific Ocean), between El Salvador and Nicaragua Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N, 86 30 W Map references: Central America and the Caribbean Area: total: 112,090 sq km country comparison to the world: 103 land: 111,890 sq km water: 200 sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than Tennessee Land boundaries: total: 1,520 km border countries: Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua 922 km Coastline: Caribbean Sea 669 km; Gulf of Fonseca 163 km Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: natural extension of territory or to 200 nm Climate: subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains Terrain: mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains Elevation -
Country Assessment Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
COUNTRY ASSESSMENT FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA COUNTRY INFORMATION AND POLICY UNIT APRIL 2001 COUNTRY BRIEF FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA Contents Paragraph I INTRODUCTION 1.1 II GEOGRAPHY 2.1 III HISTORY 3.1 Up to end of Kosovo war IV POLITICAL SITUATION Legal Framework 4.1 Serbia 4.3 Montenegro 4.12 V ECONOMY 5.1 VI HUMAN RIGHTS: GENERAL Judiciary 6.1 Freedom of Political Opinion 6.7 The Media 6.15 VII HUMAN RIGHTS: SPECIFIC GROUPS Race/Nationality 7.1 Hungarians and Croats in Vojvodina 7.4 Muslims in the Sandzak 7.8 Ethnic Albanians in Serbia 7.11 Roma 7.18 Mixed ethnicity 7.21 Freedom of Religion 7.26 continued Contents continued Paragraph Women 7.30 Children 7.33 Homosexuals 7.37 Military service : Amnesty etc 7.39 VIII OTHER ISSUES Health Service 8.1 Citizenship 8.4 Freedom of Movement 8.7 Repatriation 8.9 IX KOSOVO SECTION 9.1 X ANNEXES A - CHRONOLOGY B - POLITICAL PARTIES C - PROMINENT PEOPLE D - ABBREVIATIONS E - BIBLIOGRAPHY I INTRODUCTION 1.1 This assessment has been produced by the Country Information & Policy Unit, Immigration & Nationality Directorate, Home Office, from information obtained from a variety of sources. 1.2 The assessment has been prepared for background purposes for those involved in the asylum determination process. The information it contains is not exhaustive, nor is it intended to catalogue all human rights violations. It concentrates on the issues most com monly raised in asylum claims made in the United Kingdom. 1.3 The assessment is sourced throughout. It is intended to be used by caseworkers as a signpost to the source material, which has been made available to them. -
Joaquín Roy and María Lorca-Susino Spain in the European Union
“Spain is the problem. Europe is the solution”. In this fashion Ortega y Gasset (1986-2011) Years Twenty-Five the First Union: Spain in the European once dramatized the need to “Europeanize” Spain. The results over the first twenty five years of EU membership have been truly impressive. When Spain became a member of the EC, some of the best and brightest of Spain’s govern- mental cadres and universities joined the expanded European institutions, taking on positions of responsibility. The most prominent chaired the European Court of Justice (Gil-Carlos Rodríguez Iglesias) and the Parliament (Enrique Barón, José- María Gil Robles, and Josep Borrell), holding key positions in the Commission, and filling the newly created position of High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (Javier Solana). Spain, in sum, “was not different”, contrary to what old-fashion tourist publicity for the country used to say. It was a European country like any other that was returning to its natural home after a long exile. Spain, in turn, received considerable benefits from EU membership through funds for regional investment policies, agriculture and rural develop- ment, and the modernisation of national infrastructure. From an index of 60 percent of the European average in 1986, today Spain’s income per head is in the range of 105 percent, with some regions surpassing 125 percent. From being a country that was a net receiver from the EU budget, Spain today is a net contributor. Reflecting this development, the present volume examines different di- mensions of the deepening relationship between Spain and the rest of Europe through membership of the EU (its history, and its impact on policy development on economic growth and on relations with third countries). -
Eurasian Politics and Society
Eurasian Politics and Society Eurasian Politics and Society: Issues and Challenges Edited by Özgür Tüfekçi, Hüsrev Tabak and Erman Akıllı Eurasian Politics and Society: Issues and Challenges Edited by Özgür Tüfekçi, Hüsrev Tabak and Erman Akıllı This book first published 2017 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2017 by Özgür Tüfekçi, Hüsrev Tabak, Erman Akıllı and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-5511-1 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-5511-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One ................................................................................................. 1 Turkish Eurasianism: Roots and Discourses Özgür Tüfekçi Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 36 Moscow’s Sense of Eurasianism: Seeking after Central Asia but not wanting the Central Asian Mehmet Arslan Chapter Three ............................................................................................ 52 The European Union and the Integration of the Balkans and the Caucasus Didem Ekinci Chapter Four ............................................................................................. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS July 17, 1991 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS the TRAGEDY of KOSOVO to the Federal Army, Mr
18790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE TRAGEDY OF KOSOVO to the Federal army, Mr. Milosevic also em proval for unarmed European Community CONTINUES ploys the Chetniks, the ultraright wing Serbian observers to monitor a truce between the na militia, to help him build his Greater Serbia. Al tional army and the militias of the two secesionist republics.] HON. WM. S. BROOMFIELD ready, the Chetniks are urging the Serbian mi The situation here in Kosovo became more OF MICHIGAN nority in Croatia to declare independence from tense-and drew fury from neighboring Alba IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Croatia. The Serbian army in Croatia, now nia-with the announcement by Serbian au dominated by nationalist Serbs, is also helping Wednesday, July 17, 1991 thorities that freshmen enrollment at the in this effort and would side with the Serbs if University of Kosovo will be cut by more Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, in recent serious fighting broke out in Croatia. than two-thirds to 3,000. Half of those places years, I have called the attention of my col Is it surprising that the people of Croatia will be reserved for Serbo-Croat speakers, leagues to the human rights tragedy in the and Slovenia declared their independence on even though about 90 percent of Kosovo's 2 Yugoslav Province of Kosovo. Today, the situ million people are ethnic Albanians who June 25 after Milosevic had convinced them speak Albanian. ation there remains terrible. While the world that he and his Serbian followers would use all Albanians here say the Serbians aim to watches the democratic forces in Croatia and means necessary to gain total control of Yugo force them out of the university and, eventu Slovenia fight for self-determination, the ethnic slavia? Earlier in the year, supporters of de ally, out of Kosovo. -
Towards 'Reasonable Certainty': Documents, Files and the Legal
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY WORKING PAPERS WORKING PAPER NO. 170 AGATHE C. MORA TOWARDS ‘REASONABLE CERTAINTY’: DOCUMENTS, FILES AND THE LEGAL MAKING OF TRUST AT THE KOSOVO PROPERTY Halle / Saale 2016 AGENCY (KPA) ISSN 1615-4568 Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, PO Box 110351, 06017 Halle / Saale, Phone: +49 (0)345 2927- 0, Fax: +49 (0)345 2927- 402, http://www.eth.mpg.de, e-mail: [email protected] Towards ‘Reasonable Certainty’: documents, files and the legal making of trust at the Kosovo Property Agency (KPA) 1 Agathe C. Mora2 Abstract Due to the high uncertainty surrounding cases of property loss emanating from the 1998–1999 war in Kosovo, deciding restitution claims requires a certain level of trust in the reliability of the documents produced by parties, and the legality of documents has to be re-assessed by the Kosovo Property Agency (KPA) itself. By following the trajectory of files – the material repositories of the judicialisation process – through the institution, this paper looks at the institutional strategies put in place to manage documents in order to mitigate doubt, and to create a legal basis of ‘reasonable certainty’. Drawing on ethnographic material from the KPA, this paper argues that it is by looking at how files are made, at their trajectory, that we can begin to understand how the institution knows, and what it chooses to remember. It focuses on ‘moments of reification’ in the judicialisation process in order to highlight both the ways in which ‘reasonable certainty’ is constructed along the way, and the limits of the technocratic enterprise itself. -
In Serbian and English
Series Reports 3 Series Reports HUMAN RIGHTS IN YUGOSLAVIA 1999. LEGAL PROVISIONS AND PRACTICE IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA COMPARED TO INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS Editor Vojin Dimitrijevi} Publisher The Belgrade Centre for Human Rights Mlati{umina 26, Belgrade, FRY (http://www.bgcentar.org.yu) For the publisher Vladan Joksimovi} Proof-reading Tea Gorjanc Photograph Milan Aleksi} Layout Mirko Mili}evi} ISBN 86--7202--030--8 Print run 500 Printed by Dosije, Belgrade HUMAN RIGHTS IN YUGOSLAVIA 1999 LEGAL PROVISIONS AND PRACTICE IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA COMPARED TO INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS Belgrade Centre for Human Rights Belgrade, 2000 Contents Abbreviations . 13 Preface . 17 Introduction . 19 I LEGAL PROVISIONS RELATED TO HUMAN RIGHTS . 29 1. Human Rights in the Legal System of the FR Yugoslavia . 29 1.1. Introduction . 29 1.2. Constitutional Provisions on Human Rights . 30 1.3. International Human Rights and the FR Yugoslavia . 32 2. Right to Effective Remedy for Human Rights Violations . 34 2.1. Ordinary Legal Remedies . 34 2.2. Constitutional Appeal . 36 3. Restrictions and Derogations . 39 3.1. Restrictions . 39 3.1.1. General Restrictions . 39 3.1.2. Optional Restrictions . 41 3.2. Derogation in ‘‘Time of Public Emergency’’ . 41 3.2.1. General . 41 3.2.2. Derogation during State of War . 42 3.2.3. State of Emergency . 45 3.2.4. Derogation of Human Rights during the State of War in FRY in 1999 . 46 4. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 50 5 Human Rights in Yugoslavia 1999 4.1. Prohibition of Discrimination . 50 4.1.1. General . -
Public Diplomacy in Central America: the Rise of the People's Republic of China
Public Diplomacy in Central America: The Rise of the People’s Republic of China Colin Robert Alexander Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds Institute of Communications Studies December 2012 Declaration of Authorship The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published with proper acknowledgement. The right of Colin Robert Alexander to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by his accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © The University of Leeds and Colin Robert Alexander Acknowledgements Special thanks must go to my supervisors Prof. Gary Rawnsley and Dr. Robin Brown at the Institute of Communications Studies. Their critical appraisal of my work has been invaluable to my arrival at this point, and their knowledge of public diplomacy, and China and Taiwan has been extremely helpful. I would also like to thank all those who sat for interview in the UK and Central America. Thank you for taking the time to provide the information that you possess on this topic. Finally, I would like to extend my gratitude to my partner Kirsty who has been by my side throughout this process. Your support and encouragement has been wonderful. I must also thank my parents, Bob and Liz, for providing me with the financial security to undertake a PhD and for your sporadic proof-reading of various documents. -
Geography and Vexillology: Landscapes in the Flags
Geography and vexillology: landscapes in flags By Tiago José Berg Abstract This paper aims to present how the national flags have on its symbo - lism a representation of landscape. In geography, both in academic levels as well as in school teaching, landscape takes on a central theme that has so far been the subject of scientific debate of great importance by geographers as a way of seeing the world and a form of representing a specific surface of the Earth. In vexillology, the symbolism of the modern nation-state has developed a number of examples where the arrangement of stripes (or even the coat of arms) of some national flags bring certain aspects that are not immediately apparent, but they may become beautiful examples of a stylized representation of the landscape. Therefore, in this paper we seek a dialogue between geography and vexillology, showing how the representation of landscape in the flags can become a relevant theme to be used in academic research and a fascinating resource to enrich the teaching in schools. Introduction The last decades of the twentieth century saw the revival of interest in studies of the landscape geographers, both the number of publications, the associations made with the theme. The landscape, rather than a return to “classical geography” or even the new perspectives presented by the cultural geography, back to being inserted in geographical studies with a different approach. Both in academic level as well as in school education, the landscape takes on a theme that has been the subject of scien - tific debate of great importance by geographers as a way of seeing the world and a way of representing the specific surface of the Earth.