DOCSLIB.ORG

From Livestock Facilties and Filth Fly Activity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION HEIGHT ON THE DISPERSAL OF HOUSE FLIES (MUSCA DOMESTICA) FROM LIVESTOCK FACILTIES AND FILTH FLY ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSTED AND NON-COMPOSTED BEEF CADAVERS By TRISHA ROSE DUBIE Bachelor of Science in Forensic Chemistry Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice; Criminalistics Lake Superior State University Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 2006 Master of Science in Entomology and Plant Pathology Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2010 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 2014 INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION HEIGHT ON THE DISPERSAL OF HOUSE FLIES (MUSCA DOMESTICA) FROM LIVESTOCK FACILTIES AND FILTH FLY ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSTED AND NON-COMPOSTED BEEF CADAVERS Dissertation Approved: Dr. Justin Talley Dissertation Adviser Dr. Astri Wayadande Dr. Tom Royer Dr. Joshua Payne Dr. Chris Richards ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to begin by thanking my major advisor, Dr. Justin Talley. Since I began working as a doctoral student, he has been incredibly supportive, encouraging and enthusiastic. He has also allowed me the freedom to explore many avenues that we did not originally intend with this research. I feel that I am a more inquisitive and fervent scientist as a result of my experiences throughout the past four years. I must also extend my deepest gratitude to my family and my fiancé, Seth. They have blessed me with an infinite amount of love and support. Although 1200 miles can become burdensome, my family has always been with me when I’ve needed them and made an effort to visit Oklahoma when I could not get back to Michigan. There are no words to describe the many things they have given me, and I am exceedingly grateful. I would like to thank my graduate committee members, Dr. Astri Wayadande, Dr. Chris Richards, Dr. Josh Payne and Dr. Tom Royer. Also, I would like to thank the many faculty members that have provided advice, insight and instruction. Dr. Jack Dillwith has been a tremendous influence. I am also very appreciative of the assistance with my projects provided by him and Robin Madden. Several student workers have helped me shovel wood chips and clean up after the fly colonies over the years and I am very grateful for their help. I have to thank my fiancé a second time for the same reason. He has helped me in the field, shoveling wood chips and many other things that he’d probably rather not. Listing the rest of the things I have been thankful for since I arrived in 2007 to begin my master’s work would take far more than the one page allowed. iii Acknowledgements reflect the views of the author and are not endorsed by committee members or Oklahoma State University. Name: TRISHA R DUBIE Date of Degree: JULY, 2014 Title of Study: INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION HEIGHT ON THE DISPERSAL OF HOUSE FLIES (MUSCA DOMESTICA) FROM LIVESTOCK FACILTIES AND FILTH FLY ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSTED AND NON- COMPOSTED BEEF CADAVERS Major Field: ENTOMOLOGY Abstract: House flies, Musca domestica L., are well known pests inexorably linked to livestock operations, and they also serve as mechanical vectors of various human pathogens including E. coli 0157:H7. Changes in the landscape from anthropogenic activity have resulted in increased human exposure to house fly pests, and monitoring their movements is paramount in assessing the risks associated with flies emigrating from livestock facilities. This study focused on edge following behavior and the use of habitat corridors by house flies. Artificial structures designed to represent tree and shrub lines were constructed in a field south of a beef feedlot facility. Marked house flies were released at individual sites containing 3m walls, 1.5m walls and a control site with no wall and a substantially higher number of flies were trapped at the 3m site than both the control and 1.5m sites. Immunomarking techniques were also evaluated for this study using chicken ovalbumin as an antigen. A false negative rate of 0% was determined using unmarked wild flies as negative controls. Livestock facilities are also faced with the challenge of disposing of a significant number of cadavers each year. One increasingly popular way of dealing with dead animals is composting. Animal mortality compost is designed to facilitate decomposition without the aid of carrion feeding insects and reduce the presence of common pathogens associated with animal waste and dead tissue. The goal of this study was to evaluate insect activity associated with composted and exposed beef cadavers, specifically filth flies that can serve as mechanical vectors of important human pathogens such as E. coli 0157:H7. The number of filth flies was significantly lower at the composted site than the exposed site. Volatile organic compounds were also sampled in this study, and known fly attractants such as dimethyl disulfide were inhibited by the composting process. Lastly, carrion feeding insects were collected from each of the exposed animals and documented. These species are also important in forensic entomology. Implementing composting programs and using walls of vegetation at livestock facilities could reduce the risk of flies spreading harmful pathogens to surrounding areas including farms that grow fresh produce. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 1 Introduction ......................................................................... 1 Objectives ........................................................................... 4 II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................................ 6 House Flies, Musca domestica .................................................... 6 Biology and Ecology ............................................................ 7 Behavior and Sensory .......................................................... 9 House Flies and Pathogens ................................................. 16 Insect Dispersal ................................................................... 20 Marking Insects ............................................................... 21 Dispersal of Synanthropic Flies ............................................ 23 Habitat Corridors ............................................................. 24 Livestock Production ............................................................ 25 Filth Flies ...................................................................... 26 Waste Management .......................................................... 27 Disposal of Mortalities ....................................................... 29 Composting Process .......................................................... 31 Pathogens and Odor Degradation .......................................... 35 Carrion Feeding Arthropods .................................................... 39 Significance of Carrion Feeding Insects in Forensic Entomology ..... 43 III. INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION HEIGHT ON THE DISPERSAL OF HOUSE FLIES, MUSCA DOMESTICA, FROM BEEF FEEDLOTS .................................. 61 Abstract ............................................................................ 61 Introduction ....................................................................... 62 Methodology ...................................................................... 66 Statistical Analysis ............................................................... 68 Results ............................................................................. 69 Discussion.......................................................................... 70 v Chapter Page Conclusions ........................................................................ 73 IV. EVALUATING AN IMMUNOMARKING TECHNIQUE TO STUDY HOUSE FLY (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) DISPERSAL BEHAVIOR ................................. 82 Abstract ............................................................................ 82 Introduction ....................................................................... 83 Methodology ...................................................................... 86 Mark Release Recapture Study ............................................. 86 Anti-egg albumin ELISA ...................................................... 86 House Fly Positive Controls ................................................. 86 House Fly Negative Controls ................................................ 88 Analysis of Trapped House Flies ........................................... 89 Statistical Analysis ............................................................... 89 Results ............................................................................. 90 Discussion ......................................................................... 91 Conclusions ........................................................................ 96 V. FILTH FLY ACTIVITY ASSOCOIAUTED WITH COMPSTED AND NON-COMPOSTED BEEF CADAVERS AND THE EFFECT OF COMPOSTING ON VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ............................................. 103 Abstract ........................................................................... 103 Introduction ...................................................................... 104 Methodology ..................................................................... 107 Insect Activity ............................................................... 107 Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds ................................
Recommended publications
  • Diptera: Calyptratae)

    Diptera: Calyptratae)

    Systematic Entomology (2020), DOI: 10.1111/syen.12443 Protein-encoding ultraconserved elements provide a new phylogenomic perspective of Oestroidea flies (Diptera: Calyptratae) ELIANA BUENAVENTURA1,2 , MICHAEL W. LLOYD2,3,JUAN MANUEL PERILLALÓPEZ4, VANESSA L. GONZÁLEZ2, ARIANNA THOMAS-CABIANCA5 andTORSTEN DIKOW2 1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany, 2National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A., 3The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, U.S.A., 4Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, U.S.A. and 5Department of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain Abstract. The diverse superfamily Oestroidea with more than 15 000 known species includes among others blow flies, flesh flies, bot flies and the diverse tachinid flies. Oestroidea exhibit strikingly divergent morphological and ecological traits, but even with a variety of data sources and inferences there is no consensus on the relationships among major Oestroidea lineages. Phylogenomic inferences derived from targeted enrichment of ultraconserved elements or UCEs have emerged as a promising method for resolving difficult phylogenetic problems at varying timescales. To reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among families of Oestroidea, we obtained UCE loci exclusively derived from the transcribed portion of the genome, making them suitable for larger and more integrative phylogenomic studies using other genomic and transcriptomic resources. We analysed datasets containing 37–2077 UCE loci from 98 representatives of all oestroid families (except Ulurumyiidae and Mystacinobiidae) and seven calyptrate outgroups, with a total concatenated aligned length between 10 and 550 Mb. About 35% of the sampled taxa consisted of museum specimens (2–92 years old), of which 85% resulted in successful UCE enrichment.
  • Green-Tree Retention and Controlled Burning in Restoration and Conservation of Beetle Diversity in Boreal Forests

    Green-Tree Retention and Controlled Burning in Restoration and Conservation of Beetle Diversity in Boreal Forests

    Dissertationes Forestales 21 Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Esko Hyvärinen Faculty of Forestry University of Joensuu Academic dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu, for public criticism in auditorium C2 of the University of Joensuu, Yliopistonkatu 4, Joensuu, on 9th June 2006, at 12 o’clock noon. 2 Title: Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests Author: Esko Hyvärinen Dissertationes Forestales 21 Supervisors: Prof. Jari Kouki, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Docent Petri Martikainen, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Pre-examiners: Docent Jyrki Muona, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Docent Tomas Roslin, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Population Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Prof. Bengt Gunnar Jonsson, Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden ISSN 1795-7389 ISBN-13: 978-951-651-130-9 (PDF) ISBN-10: 951-651-130-9 (PDF) Paper copy printed: Joensuun yliopistopaino, 2006 Publishers: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Finnish Forest Research Institute Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki Faculty of Forestry of the University of Joensuu Editorial Office: The Finnish Society of Forest Science Unioninkatu 40A, 00170 Helsinki, Finland http://www.metla.fi/dissertationes 3 Hyvärinen, Esko 2006. Green-tree retention and controlled burning in restoration and conservation of beetle diversity in boreal forests. University of Joensuu, Faculty of Forestry. ABSTRACT The main aim of this thesis was to demonstrate the effects of green-tree retention and controlled burning on beetles (Coleoptera) in order to provide information applicable to the restoration and conservation of beetle species diversity in boreal forests.
  • 10 Arthropods and Corpses

    10 Arthropods and Corpses

    Arthropods and Corpses 207 10 Arthropods and Corpses Mark Benecke, PhD CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY AND EARLY CASEWORK WOUND ARTIFACTS AND UNUSUAL FINDINGS EXEMPLARY CASES: NEGLECT OF ELDERLY PERSONS AND CHILDREN COLLECTION OF ARTHROPOD EVIDENCE DNA FORENSIC ENTOMOTOXICOLOGY FURTHER ARTIFACTS CAUSED BY ARTHROPODS REFERENCES SUMMARY The determination of the colonization interval of a corpse (“postmortem interval”) has been the major topic of forensic entomologists since the 19th century. The method is based on the link of developmental stages of arthropods, especially of blowfly larvae, to their age. The major advantage against the standard methods for the determination of the early postmortem interval (by the classical forensic pathological methods such as body temperature, post- mortem lividity and rigidity, and chemical investigations) is that arthropods can represent an accurate measure even in later stages of the postmortem in- terval when the classical forensic pathological methods fail. Apart from esti- mating the colonization interval, there are numerous other ways to use From: Forensic Pathology Reviews, Vol. 2 Edited by: M. Tsokos © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ 207 208 Benecke arthropods as forensic evidence. Recently, artifacts produced by arthropods as well as the proof of neglect of elderly persons and children have become a special focus of interest. This chapter deals with the broad range of possible applications of entomology, including case examples and practical guidelines that relate to history, classical applications, DNA typing, blood-spatter arti- facts, estimation of the postmortem interval, cases of neglect, and entomotoxicology. Special reference is given to different arthropod species as an investigative and criminalistic tool. Key Words: Arthropod evidence; forensic science; blowflies; beetles; colonization interval; postmortem interval; neglect of the elderly; neglect of children; decomposition; DNA typing; entomotoxicology.
  • A Catalogue of Coleoptera Specimens with Potential Forensic Interest in the Goulandris Natural History Museum Collection

    A Catalogue of Coleoptera Specimens with Potential Forensic Interest in the Goulandris Natural History Museum Collection

    ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA Vol. 25, 2016 A catalogue of Coleoptera specimens with potential forensic interest in the Goulandris Natural History Museum collection Dimaki Maria Goulandris Natural History Museum, 100 Othonos St. 14562 Kifissia, Greece Anagnou-Veroniki Maria Makariou 13, 15343 Aghia Paraskevi (Athens), Greece Tylianakis Jason Zoology Department, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.11549 Copyright © 2017 Maria Dimaki, Maria Anagnou- Veroniki, Jason Tylianakis To cite this article: Dimaki, M., Anagnou-Veroniki, M., & Tylianakis, J. (2016). A catalogue of Coleoptera specimens with potential forensic interest in the Goulandris Natural History Museum collection. ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA, 25(2), 31-38. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.11549 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 27/12/2018 06:22:38 | ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 25 (2016): 31-38 Received 15 March 2016 Accepted 12 December 2016 Available online 3 February 2017 A catalogue of Coleoptera specimens with potential forensic interest in the Goulandris Natural History Museum collection MARIA DIMAKI1’*, MARIA ANAGNOU-VERONIKI2 AND JASON TYLIANAKIS3 1Goulandris Natural History Museum, 100 Othonos St. 14562 Kifissia, Greece 2Makariou 13, 15343 Aghia Paraskevi (Athens), Greece 3Zoology Department, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand ABSTRACT This paper presents a catalogue of the Coleoptera specimens in the Goulandris Natural History Museum collection that have potential forensic interest. Forensic entomology can help to estimate the time elapsed since death by studying the necrophagous insects collected on a cadaver and its surroundings. In this paper forty eight species (369 specimens) are listed that belong to seven families: Silphidae (3 species), Staphylinidae (6 species), Histeridae (11 species), Anobiidae (4 species), Cleridae (6 species), Dermestidae (14 species), and Nitidulidae (4 species).
  • Southampton French Quarter 1382 Specialist Report Download E9: Mineralised and Waterlogged Fly Pupae, and Other Insects and Arthropods

    Southampton French Quarter 1382 Specialist Report Download E9: Mineralised and Waterlogged Fly Pupae, and Other Insects and Arthropods

    Southampton French Quarter SOU1382 Specialist Report Download E9 Southampton French Quarter 1382 Specialist Report Download E9: Mineralised and waterlogged fly pupae, and other insects and arthropods By David Smith Methods In addition to samples processed specifically for the analysis of insect remains, insect and arthropod remains, particularly mineralised pupae and puparia, were also contained in the material sampled and processed for plant macrofossil analysis. These were sorted out from archaeobotanical flots and heavy residues fractions by Dr. Wendy Smith (Oxford Archaeology) and relevant insect remains were examined under a low-power binocular microscope by Dr. David Smith. The system for ‘intensive scanning’ of faunas as outlined by Kenward et al. (1985) was followed. The Coleoptera (beetles) present were identified by direct comparison to the Gorham and Girling Collections of British Coleoptera. The dipterous (fly) puparia were identified using the drawings in K.G.V. Smith (1973, 1989) and, where possible, by direct comparison to specimens identified by Peter Skidmore. Results The insect and arthropod taxa recovered are listed in Table 1. The taxonomy used for the Coleoptera (beetles) follows that of Lucht (1987). The numbers of individual insects present is estimated using the following scale: + = 1-2 individuals ++ = 2-5 individuals +++ = 5-10 individuals ++++ = 10-20 individuals +++++ = 20- 100individuals +++++++ = more than 100 individuals Discussion The insect and arthropod faunas from these samples were often preserved by mineralisation with any organic material being replaced. This did make the identification of some of the fly pupae, where some external features were missing, problematic. The exceptions to this were samples 108 (from a Post Medieval pit), 143 (from a High Medieval pit) and 146 (from an Anglo-Norman well) where the material was partially preserved by waterlogging.
  • Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies

    Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies

    Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa, USA Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Lynn Ekblad, Different Angles, Ames, Iowa Graphics and layout by Richard Beachler, Instructional Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames ISBN 1-887383-23-9 ISSN 0194-4088 06 05 04 03 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging–in–Publication Data Integrated Pest Management: Current and Future Strategies. p. cm. -- (Task force report, ISSN 0194-4088 ; no. 140) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-887383-23-9 (alk. paper) 1. Pests--Integrated control. I. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. II. Series: Task force report (Council for Agricultural Science and Technology) ; no. 140. SB950.I4573 2003 632'.9--dc21 2003006389 Task Force Report No. 140 June 2003 Council for Agricultural Science and Technology Ames, Iowa, USA Task Force Members Kenneth R. Barker (Chair), Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh Esther Day, American Farmland Trust, DeKalb, Illinois Timothy J. Gibb, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana Maud A. Hinchee, ArborGen, Summerville, South Carolina Nancy C. Hinkle, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens Barry J. Jacobsen, Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman James Knight, Department of Animal and Range Science, Montana State University, Bozeman Kenneth A. Langeland, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville Evan Nebeker, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State David A. Rosenberger, Plant Pathology Department, Cornell University–Hudson Valley Laboratory, High- land, New York Donald P.
  • Sphyrna Lewini

    Sphyrna Lewini

    Editora Chefe Profª Drª Antonella Carvalho de Oliveira Assistentes Editoriais Natalia Oliveira Bruno Oliveira Flávia Roberta Barão Bibliotecária Janaina Ramos Projeto Gráfico e Diagramação Natália Sandrini de Azevedo Camila Alves de Cremo Luiza Alves Batista Maria Alice Pinheiro Imagens da Capa 2021 by Atena Editora Shutterstock Copyright © Atena Editora Edição de Arte Copyright do Texto © 2021 Os autores Luiza Alves Batista Copyright da Edição © 2021 Atena Editora Revisão Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Os Autores Editora pelos autores. Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial- NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica. A Atena Editora é comprometida em garantir a integridade editorial em todas as etapas do processo de publicação, evitando plágio, dados ou resultados fraudulentos e impedindo que interesses financeiros comprometam os padrões éticos da publicação. Situações suspeitas de má conduta científica serão investigadas sob o mais alto padrão de rigor acadêmico e ético. Conselho Editorial Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas Prof.
  • Diversity and Resource Choice of Flower-Visiting Insects in Relation to Pollen Nutritional Quality and Land Use

    Diversity and Resource Choice of Flower-Visiting Insects in Relation to Pollen Nutritional Quality and Land Use

    Diversity and resource choice of flower-visiting insects in relation to pollen nutritional quality and land use Diversität und Ressourcennutzung Blüten besuchender Insekten in Abhängigkeit von Pollenqualität und Landnutzung Vom Fachbereich Biologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doctor rerum naturalium genehmigte Dissertation von Dipl. Biologin Christiane Natalie Weiner aus Köln Berichterstatter (1. Referent): Prof. Dr. Nico Blüthgen Mitberichterstatter (2. Referent): Prof. Dr. Andreas Jürgens Tag der Einreichung: 26.02.2016 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 29.04.2016 Darmstadt 2016 D17 2 Ehrenwörtliche Erklärung Ich erkläre hiermit ehrenwörtlich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit entsprechend den Regeln guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis selbständig und ohne unzulässige Hilfe Dritter angefertigt habe. Sämtliche aus fremden Quellen direkt oder indirekt übernommene Gedanken sowie sämtliche von Anderen direkt oder indirekt übernommene Daten, Techniken und Materialien sind als solche kenntlich gemacht. Die Arbeit wurde bisher keiner anderen Hochschule zu Prüfungszwecken eingereicht. Osterholz-Scharmbeck, den 24.02.2016 3 4 My doctoral thesis is based on the following manuscripts: Weiner, C.N., Werner, M., Linsenmair, K.-E., Blüthgen, N. (2011): Land-use intensity in grasslands: changes in biodiversity, species composition and specialization in flower-visitor networks. Basic and Applied Ecology 12 (4), 292-299. Weiner, C.N., Werner, M., Linsenmair, K.-E., Blüthgen, N. (2014): Land-use impacts on plant-pollinator networks: interaction strength and specialization predict pollinator declines. Ecology 95, 466–474. Weiner, C.N., Werner, M , Blüthgen, N. (in prep.): Land-use intensification triggers diversity loss in pollination networks: Regional distinctions between three different German bioregions Weiner, C.N., Hilpert, A., Werner, M., Linsenmair, K.-E., Blüthgen, N.
  • Spore Dispersal Vectors

    Spore Dispersal Vectors

    Glime, J. M. 2017. Adaptive Strategies: Spore Dispersal Vectors. Chapt. 4-9. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 1. 4-9-1 Physiological Ecology. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 3 June 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. CHAPTER 4-9 ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES: SPORE DISPERSAL VECTORS TABLE OF CONTENTS Dispersal Types ............................................................................................................................................ 4-9-2 Wind Dispersal ............................................................................................................................................. 4-9-2 Splachnaceae ......................................................................................................................................... 4-9-4 Liverworts ............................................................................................................................................. 4-9-5 Invasive Species .................................................................................................................................... 4-9-5 Decay Dispersal............................................................................................................................................ 4-9-6 Animal Dispersal .......................................................................................................................................... 4-9-9 Earthworms ..........................................................................................................................................
  • Superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Dip- Tera: Brachycera) Kaj Winqvist & Jere Kahanpää

    Superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Dip- Tera: Brachycera) Kaj Winqvist & Jere Kahanpää

    20 © Sahlbergia Vol. 12: 20–32, 2007 Checklist of Finnish flies: superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Dip- tera: Brachycera) Kaj Winqvist & Jere Kahanpää Winqvist, K. & Kahanpää, J. 2007: Checklist of Finnish flies: superfamilies Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea (Diptera: Brachycera). — Sahlbergia 12:20-32, Helsinki, Finland, ISSN 1237-3273. Another part of the updated checklist of Finnish flies is presented. This part covers the families Lonchaeidae, Pallopteridae, Piophilidae, Platystomatidae, Tephritidae, Ulididae, Coelopidae, Dryomyzidae, Heterocheilidae, Phaeomyii- dae, Sciomyzidae and Sepsidae. Eight species are recorded from Finland for the first time. The following ten species have been erroneously reported from Finland and are here deleted from the Finnish checklist: Chaetolonchaea das- yops (Meigen, 1826), Earomyia crystallophila (Becker, 1895), Lonchaea hirti- ceps Zetterstedt, 1837, Lonchaea laticornis Meigen, 1826, Prochyliza lundbecki (Duda, 1924), Campiglossa achyrophori (Loew, 1869), Campiglossa irrorata (Fallén, 1814), Campiglossa tessellata (Loew, 1844), Dioxyna sororcula (Wie- demann, 1830) and Tephritis nigricauda (Loew, 1856). The Finnish records of Lonchaeidae: Lonchaea bruggeri Morge, Lonchaea contigua Collin, Lonchaea difficilis Hackman and Piophilidae: Allopiophila dudai (Frey) are considered dubious. The total number of species of Tephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea found from Finland is now 262. Kaj Winqvist, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Email: [email protected] Jere Kahanpää, Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland. Email: kahanpaa@iki.fi Introduction new millennium there was no concentrated The last complete checklist of Finnish Dipte- Finnish effort to study just these particular ra was published in Hackman (1980a, 1980b). groups. Consequently, before our work the Recent checklists of Finnish species have level of knowledge on Finnish fauna in these been published for ‘lower Brachycera’ i.e.
  • Sarcophagidae De Interés Forense En El Parque

    Sarcophagidae De Interés Forense En El Parque

    SARCOPHAGIDAE DE INTERÉS FORENSE EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL SOBERANÍA, PROVINCIA DE PANAMÁ SARCOPHAGIDAE OF FORENSIC INTEREST IN THE SOBERANIA NATIONAL PARQUE, PROVINCE OF PANAMA Garcés, Percis A.; Arias, Lia N.; Medina, Meybis Percis A. Garcés Resumen: Se estudiaron las Sarcophagidae en dos áreas: una [email protected] boscosa y en otra no boscosa, con el propósito de conocer las Universidad de Panamá,, Panamá especies que pudieran tener importancia forense en nuestro país. Litza N. Arias Esta familia contiene algunas especies que han sido registradas [email protected] como insectos forenses importantes, debido a que son uno de Ministerio de Educación, Panamá los primero que detecta y encuentra un cadáver fresco. Por lo que, resultan importantes en las investigaciones criminales, Meybis Medina principalmente en la estimación del intervalo postmortem (IPM). Ministerio de Educación, Panamá En el presente estudio se colectaron 169 ejemplares que fueron agrupados en nueve géneros y 11 especies. Las especies más frecuentemente capturadas fueron, Pekia (Pantonella) Tecnociencia intermutans, Sarcodexia sp, Boettcheria sp, Pekia sp, Helicobia sp Universidad de Panamá, Panamá . En cuanto a la preferencia de las áreas, en ISSN: 1609-8102 y Sarcofahrtiopsis sp2 ISSN-e: 2415-0940 nuestro estudio, las moscas mostraron mayor preferencia por el Periodicidad: Semestral área boscosa que por el área no boscosa y, por el corazón que por vol. 22, núm. 2, 2020 el hígado. [email protected] Recepción: 21 Febrero 2020 Palabras clave: Sarcophagidae, área boscosa, área no boscosa, Aprobación: 23 Marzo 2020 Pekia (Pantonella) intermutans, Sarcodexia sp, Boettcheria sp. URL: http://portal.amelica.org/ameli/ Abstract: Sarcophagidae were studied in two areas: wooded jatsRepo/224/2241149007/index.html and non-wooded with the purpose to learn about species that could have forensic importance in our country.
  • From an Easy Method to Computerized Species Determination

    From an Easy Method to Computerized Species Determination

    insects Article Connecting the Dots: From an Easy Method to Computerized Species Determination Senta Niederegger 1,*, Klaus-Peter Döge 2, Marcus Peter 2, Tobias Eickhölter 2 and Gita Mall 1 1 Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; [email protected] 2 Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany; [email protected] (K.-P.D.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (T.E.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-3641-9397130 Academic Editors: David Rivers and John R. Wallace Received: 8 March 2017; Accepted: 12 May 2017; Published: 18 May 2017 Abstract: Differences in growth rate of forensically important dipteran larvae make species determination an essential requisite for an accurate estimation of time since colonization of the body. Interspecific morphological similarities, however, complicate species determination. Muscle attachment site (MAS) patterns on the inside of the cuticula of fly larvae are species specific and grow proportionally with the animal. The patterns can therefore be used for species identification, as well as age estimation in forensically important dipteran larvae. Additionally, in species where determination has proven to be difficult—even when employing genetic methods—this easy and cheap method can be successfully applied. The method was validated for a number of Calliphoridae, as well as Sarcophagidae; for Piophilidae species, however, the method proved to be inapt. The aim of this article is to assess the utility of the MAS method for applications in forensic entomology.